A New Kind of War

Today’s Objectives

- To understand the factors that changed the way wars are fought during the Great War

-To understand the patterns that developed during the Great War and course of events

Indiana World History Standards

WH.8.1 Trace and explain the causes, major events and global consequences of World War I.

WH.9.1 Identify patterns of historical change and duration and construct a representation that illustrates

continuity and change.

4

• The Powder Keg & Spark

→ In the early 1900s, ethnic tensions in the Balkans were beginning to threaten Austria (nationalism) …creating “powder keg” that only needed a “spark” -a small regional conflict could propel Europe to war

→ June 28, 1914: Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand is assassinated by a member of the Black Hand from Serbia …opposed the spread of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire …A-H declares war on Serbia with support from Germany

• Springing the Trap

→ Russia had an alliance with Serbia & France …A-H declares war on Serbia …Germany declares war on Russia and then France

→ Germany must defeat the French before Russian mobilization and puts Germany in a two-front war

→ Schlieffen Plan …“Paris for lunch, St. Petersburg for dinner” …Germany invades Belgium to “surprise” the French

→ Great Britain declares war on Germany to defend Belgium

Central Powers vs. Allied Powers

• Two-Front War

→ Germany is forced to fight the French & British in the west and the Russians in the east …Schlieffen Plan fails as Russia is able to quickly mobilize …Trench Warfare creates a stalemate on the Western Front

→ Central Powers vs. Allied Powers

→ First “Industrial War” …new weapons, technology, transportation …high death count - weapons were ahead of tactics …fought all over Europe & the Middle East

video: COTW “Trench Warfare”

Trench Warfare

Trench Warfare

Trench Warfare…No Man’s Land

“Over the Top”

Machine Gun

Tank

Heavy Artillery (Howitzer)

Airplane

U-Boat

Poison Gas

• Total War

→ On the battlefields of the Great War, total war was the complete mobilization of all available resources …all available men would be used to fight …included colonial subjects who hoped their service would win them civil rights → On the home front during the Great War, total war involved the mobilization of entire national populations - Factory conversions to produce weapons & supplies - Censorship & Propaganda - Rationing - Recruiting - Women in the Workplace

Factory Conversions

Propaganda

Rationing

Recruiting

Women in the Workplace

Why was the Great War “a new kind of war”?

Essential Question

• What was the “spark” that started the Great War?

• What was the “trap” of the alliance system?

• Describe the stalemate of the Great War

• Why was the Great War a “total war”?

Target Questions

1) Create a table that lists the 4 main combatants for each side of the Great War. Include who joined & dropped out

in 1917. (Don’t write out the entire question)

Required Reading Question(s)