A loosely formed A loosely formed alliance with a alliance with a weak centralweak central

government isgovernment iscalled a?called a?

ConfederationConfederationConfederationConfederation

The power in aThe power in aConfederacy is Confederacy is

held by?held by?

The The statestate governmentsgovernments

A country which A country which has a representativehas a representative

government,government,elected by theelected by the

people is called a?people is called a?

RepublicRepublicRepublicRepublic

Our 1st governmentOur 1st governmentand constitutionand constitution

was the?was the?

ARTICLES OF ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATIONCONFEDERATION

ARTICLES OF ARTICLES OF CONFEDERATIONCONFEDERATION

Powers of ourPowers of ourgovernment undergovernment under

the Articles ofthe Articles ofConfederationConfederation

were:were:

1) Declare _____1) Declare _____and make _______.and make _______.

warwarpeacepeace

2) sign _________.2) sign _________.treatiestreaties

3) borrow _______.moneymoney

4) Set standards 4) Set standards for _____, and for _____, and

______ & ________.______ & ________.coinscoins

weightsweights measuresmeasures5) Establish a 5) Establish a

_______ _________._______ _________.postalpostal serviceservice

6) Deal with the6) Deal with the_________ ______._________ ______.American IndiansAmerican Indians

Under the ArticlesUnder the Articlesof Confederation,of Confederation,

did the governmentdid the governmenthave the power have the power

to to taxtax??

NO!!!!NO!!!!

Under the Articles ofUnder the Articles ofConfederation, Confederation,

Congress could collectCongress could collect$$$ by a tariff.$$$ by a tariff.

What is a What is a tarifftariff??

A tariff is a tax onA tariff is a tax on

ImportsImports..

This law set up This law set up how to bring in newhow to bring in newstates from westernstates from western

lands into the lands into the Union:Union:

NORTHWEST NORTHWEST ORDINANCEORDINANCENORTHWEST NORTHWEST ORDINANCEORDINANCE

According to the According to the Northwest Ordinance,Northwest Ordinance,

new states could benew states could beadmitted to the Unionadmitted to the Union

if approved by?if approved by?

The U.S.The U.S.CongressCongress

This country This country disputed ourdisputed our

western western boundaries.boundaries.

SPAINSPAIN

This country This country stirred up trouble stirred up trouble with the Indians in with the Indians in the northwest U.S.the northwest U.S.

EnglandEngland

Massachusetts Massachusetts farmers rebel farmers rebel against their against their

government to keepgovernment to keep their land:their land:

SHAY’SSHAY’SREBELLIONREBELLION

SHAY’SSHAY’SREBELLIONREBELLION

Shays Rebellion wasShays Rebellion wascaused by ________caused by ________and ___________ onand ___________ on

farmland.farmland.

inflationinflationforeclosureforeclosures

Could the Could the Articles of Confeder-Articles of Confeder-

ation government ation government help put down help put down

Shay’s Rebellion?Shay’s Rebellion?

No!!No!!It was It was too weaktoo weak

and had and had no armyno army.

Problems like ShaysProblems like ShaysRebellion led to a Rebellion led to a call for a strongercall for a stronger

________ __________.________ __________.national governmentnational government

What man from What man from Virginia called for aVirginia called for a

Constitutional Constitutional Convention to write aConvention to write a

new Constitution?new Constitution?

James MadisonJames Madison

City where the City where the Constitutional Constitutional

Convention met:Convention met:

PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia

This plan called for This plan called for representation inrepresentation in

Congress based on Congress based on the the populationpopulation of of

a state.a state.

THE VIRGINIA THE VIRGINIA PLANPLAN

THE VIRGINIA THE VIRGINIA PLANPLAN

The Virginia Plan The Virginia Plan called for a called for a

bicameralbicameral legislature. legislature.What is that?What is that?

BIBICAMERALCAMERAL==BIBICAMERALCAMERAL==

A congress withA congress withtwo houses.two houses.

SenateSenate House ofHouse ofRep.Rep.

In this bicameralIn this bicameralcongress, the lowercongress, the lowerhouse is elected by house is elected by

the ________.the ________.peoplepeople

This planThis plancalled for called for equalequal

representation in representation in Congress forCongress foreach state:each state:

THE NEW THE NEW JERSEY JERSEY

PLANPLAN

THE NEW THE NEW JERSEY JERSEY

PLANPLAN

This compromiseThis compromiseestablished ourestablished ourcurrent form ofcurrent form ofGovernment:Government:

GREATGREAToror

CONNECTICUT CONNECTICUT COMPROMISECOMPROMISE

GREATGREAToror

CONNECTICUT CONNECTICUT COMPROMISECOMPROMISE

Representation ofRepresentation ofeach state ineach state in

CongressCongressunder the Great under the Great

Compromise:Compromise:

Lower HouseLower Housebased on the based on the

______________________ of a of a state.state.

populationpopulation

House of RepresentativesHouse of Representatives

Upper House hadUpper House had_____representation_____representation

for each state.for each state.equalequal

SENATESENATE

How many How many RepresentativesRepresentatives does does

VirginiaVirginiasend to the Housesend to the House

of Representative?of Representative?eleveneleven

How many How many electoralelectoralvotesvotes does Virginia does Virginia

have?have?

1313

Three out of Three out of everyevery

five slaves couldfive slaves couldbe counted asbe counted as

population in thepopulation in theHouse:House:

3/5 3/5 COMPROMISECOMPROMISE

3/5 3/5 COMPROMISECOMPROMISE

The US ConstitutionThe US Constitutiondividesdivides the powers the powers

of government of government between ________between ________

and ______.and ______.federalfederal

statestate

Those powers givenThose powers givento the to the nationalnational

Government by Government by the states:the states:

DelegatedDelegatedPowersPowers

DelegatedDelegatedPowersPowers

Those powersThose powerskept by the kept by the

StatesStates::

ReservedReservedPowersPowers

ReservedReservedPowersPowers

Those powers heldThose powers heldby by bothboth the the

federal and statefederal and stateGovernments:Governments:

ConcurrentConcurrentPowersPowers

ConcurrentConcurrentPowersPowers

The French idea toThe French idea todivide the powersdivide the powers

of governmentof governmentinto into three separatethree separate

branchesbranches::

Separation Separation of Powersof Powers

Separation Separation of Powersof Powers

Name the three Name the three branches of branches of

government and government and what each does.what each does.

LegislativeLegislative branch: branch:Makes the lawsMakes the laws.

ExecutiveExecutive branch: branch:Enforces the lawsEnforces the lawsJudicialJudicial Branch Branch:

Interprets the lawsInterprets the laws

Legislative-Executive-

Judicial - courts

president

Congress

Which branch makes the law?

Which branch enforces the law?

legislative

executive

Which branch interprets the law?

Judicial

Each branch of Each branch of government hasgovernment haschecks over the checks over the

other branches isother branches isknown as?known as?

CHECKS CHECKS AND AND

BALANCESBALANCES

CHECKS CHECKS AND AND

BALANCESBALANCES

What is the What is the law makinglaw making

branch (body) of ourbranch (body) of ourgovernment?government?

CONGRESSCONGRESS

What is theWhat is the““supreme law of thesupreme law of the

land”?land”?The The

ConstitutionConstitution

When the presidentWhen the president

rejects legislation rejects legislation (law) it(law) it

is called?is called?

VETOVETOVETOVETO

This body can This body can declare laws declare laws

unconstitutional:unconstitutional:

SUPREMESUPREMECOURTCOURT

SUPREMESUPREMECOURTCOURT

To To approveapprove the the

Constitution:Constitution:

RATIFICATIONRATIFICATIONRATIFICATIONRATIFICATION

Those who Those who supportedsupported a strong a strong

national governmentnational governmentand the newand the newConstitution:Constitution:

FEDERALISTSFEDERALISTSFEDERALISTSFEDERALISTS

Those who Those who fearedfeared a astrong nationalstrong national

government and government and were were againstagainst the the new Constitution.new Constitution.

ANTI-ANTI-FEDERALISTSFEDERALISTS

ANTI-ANTI-FEDERALISTSFEDERALISTS

The first tenThe first tenamendments to theamendments to the

Constitution:Constitution:

BILL BILL OFOF

RIGHTSRIGHTS

BILL BILL OFOF

RIGHTSRIGHTS

An excise tax is onAn excise tax is on_______ goods,_______ goods,like gasoline.like gasoline.

specificspecific

The 16The 16thth Amendment Amendmentestablished?established?

The Income TaxThe Income Tax

Searches by theSearches by theGovernment are Government are prohibited in theprohibited in the44thth Amendment if Amendment if

they are?they are?unreasonableunreasonable

It is illegal to deny It is illegal to deny someone the right tosomeone the right to

vote based on his vote based on his failure to pay a?failure to pay a?

TAXTAX

The first amendmentThe first amendmentto deal with votingto deal with voting

rights made it illegalrights made it illegalto deny the right toto deny the right to

vote based on?vote based on?

RACERACE

According to the According to the Constitution,Constitution,

a president must be -a president must be --a resident for at least ____ years. 14

-a natural borna natural born_______citizencitizen

-at least ___ yearsat least ___ yearsoldold

3535

Say Cause or Effectfor the

ConstitutionalConvention

The national government is strengthened.

Effect

Strain of economicproblems disrupt

the nation.

Cause

A new form of government is

established with3 branches.

Effect

Confidence increasesin the NationalGovernment.

Effect

The Articles ofConfederation are

ineffective.

Cause

A new form of government is

established with a twohouse legislature.

Effect