a genda 2.21.12. quiz… 1. list the four long-term causes of wwi. 2. what two countries were in...
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Agenda2.21.12
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QUIZ…
1. List the four long-term causes of WWI.2. What two countries were in competition
over the Balkans?3. Who assassinated the Archduke Franz
Ferdinand?4. Where was the Archduke from?5. Why was the Archduke targeted by the
Black Hand Gang?6. How did the assassination lead to WWI?
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Agenda2.23.11
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Drill – Review: list the 4 long-term causes of WWI and list the countries that comprised the Allies and the Triple Entente Imperialism Militarism Alliances Nationalism Allies: G, A-H, Italy versus Entente: Britain,
France and Russia Read 16.2, write down ONE thing that you
learn from the book that is different from today’s notes.
Why would a country abandon its alliance?
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WWI: War Consumes Europe16.2
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The Alliance System Collapses
After the assassination of the archduke, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia
Led to chain reaction:Austria-Hungary attacks Serbia (with
Germany’s unconditional support)Russia helps Serbia, attacks Austria-
Hungary AND GermanyGermany declares war against RussiaRussia asks France for help
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The Schlieffen Plan Designed by General von Schlieffen of
Germany Plan to deal w/ 2-front war. Crush France, then Russia The Germans could not get into France, so
went through Belgium
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WAR TORN FOREST…
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Belgium was officially “neutral” German invasion outraged the British British declared war on Germany too Soon the two alliances (the Triple Alliance
and the Triple Entente) changed their names –
Allies vs. The Central Powers
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Allies: Central Powers:
Great Britain, France, Russia = Original allies
Italy – joined the Allies (switched sides)
Center of Europe Germany and
Austria-Hungary: the original two
Joined by Bulgaria and the Ottoman Empire
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Belgians blew out a bridge to halt the Germans
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French tank stuck in German trench
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A Bloody Stalemate Along the Western Front Germany attacks France Results in stalemate Deadlocked region = The Western Front
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French soldier training an American
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The Battle of the Marne
French FINALLY defeat the Germans in the valley of the Marne River (north of Paris).
Battle = important Showed the Germans the Schlieffen Plan
would not work.
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Trench Warfare Trenches are like big ditches Muddy and rat infested; sleep was impossible Land b/w trenches = “no man’s land.” New technology made war more violent Battle of Verdun, the French and Germans
EACH lost more than 300,000 men By the end of the Battle of the Somme
(November 1916) each side had lost a half a million soldiers
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“NO MAN’S LAND”
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SOLDIERS REPAIRING A TRENCH…
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The Battle on the Eastern Front Eastern front = land b/w Germany and Russia Russians and Serbs versus Germans,
Austrians and Turks Central Powers killed more than 30,000
Russians in one battle
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GERMAN SOLDIERS AIMING AT THE ENEMY…
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Russia Falls Apart
By 1916, Russia was near collapse – low on supplies. Ports blocked by the Ottomans and the Germans
Russia’s HUGE population helped them stay in the war.
Russians lost more than 2 million soldiers in 1915 alone
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AMERICAN SOLDIERS THROWING HAND GRENADES…