a electron-nucleon-collider at the hesr of the fair...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Andreas JankowiakInstitut für Kernphysik
Johannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz
A Electron-Nucleon-Colliderat the HESR of the FAIR Facility
Accelerator Working Group:K. Aulenbacher, A.J., W. Hillert, A. Lehrach, Th. WeisEIC Collaboration Meeting
LBNL Berkeley13.12.2008
![Page 2: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
• A “simple” idea: electron – nucleon collisions using the HESR
• First baseline parameter set for e-p collisions at s=180GeV2 (3GeV e- on 15GeV p)
• Some comments on the necessary ingredients
• What´s about e-d ?
• How to increase the luminosity ?
• Conclusion
The menu
![Page 3: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (i)
HESR
SIS18
70MeVsc pLinac
HESR:anti proton storage ring1.5 – 15 GeV/c (max. 50Tm)L=576m, e-Cooling, stoch. coolingPANDA fixed target experiment
p
SIS100 SIS300
![Page 4: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (ii)
![Page 5: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (ii)
HESRpRing
![Page 6: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (ii)
HESRpRing
eRing
![Page 7: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (ii)
HESRpRing
eRing
PANDA
![Page 8: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (ii)
HESRpRing
eRing
PANDA8MV
eCoo
l
![Page 9: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (ii)
P
HESRpRing
eRing
PANDA8MV
eCoo
l
![Page 10: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (ii)
P
e-
pol. e
- -inj
.
HESRpRing
eRing
PANDA8MV
eCoo
l
![Page 11: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (ii)
P
e-
pol. e
- -inj
.
HESRpRing
eRing
PANDA8MV
eCoo
l
![Page 12: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
A “simple” idea: ENC@FAIR (ii)
P
e-
pol. e
- -inj
.
nuclear physicistswish list
(soon it will be Christmas)
L=1033 1/cm2s
s > 100GeV(3GeV e- ↔ 15GeV p)
polarised e- / e+ (?) ( > 80%)
↔polarised p / d ( > 80%)
(longitudinal and transversal)
½ a / ½ a time sharing operationwith PANDA should possible
using the PANDA detector,including the forward spectrometer
HESRpRing
eRing
PANDA8MV
eCoo
l
![Page 13: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (i)In August 2008 a accelerator working group was established:Kurt Aulenbacher, A.J, MAMI / MainzW. Hillert, ELSA / BonnA. Lehrach, FZ-JülichTh. Weis, DELTA / Dortmund
fcoll: collision-frequency, ne,p: particles / bunch, rIP: beam radius at IP (round beams, same radius)
luminosity of an e-p collider, round beams, same radius
mandate by nuclear physicist ofBonn, Mainz (Dietrich von Harrach), Jülich, ...
![Page 14: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (i)In August 2008 a accelerator working group was established:Kurt Aulenbacher, A.J, MAMI / MainzW. Hillert, ELSA / BonnA. Lehrach, FZ-JülichTh. Weis, DELTA / Dortmund
fcoll: collision-frequency, ne,p: particles / bunch, rIP: beam radius at IP (round beams, same radius)
luminosity of an e-p collider, round beams, same radius
1) beam radius at IP, limited by proton beam:
Goal:• minimise βIP
• maximise γp or reduce εp by cooling
mandate by nuclear physicist ofBonn, Mainz (Dietrich von Harrach), Jülich, ...
![Page 15: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (ii)βIP=0.1m
0 2 4 6 8 100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
β(s)
[m]
distance from IP [m]
90m
360m
somewhere herefinal focus and
beam separation
![Page 16: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (ii)
βIP = 0.1m, implies (due to hour glass effect) lb=0.1m
εp = 1.3·10-7 m rad (εpnorm = 2·10-6 m rad)
→ rIP = 0.114mm
βIP=0.1m
0 2 4 6 8 100
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1000
β(s)
[m]
distance from IP [m]
beta-Cool calculations done by Andreas Lehrach (FZJ) shows that these valuescould be reached and maybe somewhat increased (by 20 – 30%).
cooler-parameter: 8.2MV, 1 – 3 A, B=0.2T (magnetised cooling), TT=1eV, TL=0.5meVBr/B < 10-5, 24m effective cooler length
90m
360m
somewhere herefinal focus and
beam separation
![Page 17: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (iii)2) parameter of the proton beam
hp: number of bunches in HESR, Np: total protons in the HESR fHESR: revolution frequency in HESR
519.455kHz@γp=16 / 516.391kHz@γp=8 / 450.743kHz@γp=2
![Page 18: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (iii)2) parameter of the proton beam
hp: number of bunches in HESR, Np: total protons in the HESR fHESR: revolution frequency in HESR
519.455kHz@γp=16 / 516.391kHz@γp=8 / 450.743kHz@γp=2What defines hp·np:
B: bunching-factor = λrf / lp (rf wave-length / bunch-length), Lp: circumference
= Lp / lp ·npa) space charge (Laslett) tune shift:
![Page 19: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (iii)2) parameter of the proton beam
hp: number of bunches in HESR, Np: total protons in the HESR fHESR: revolution frequency in HESR
519.455kHz@γp=16 / 516.391kHz@γp=8 / 450.743kHz@γp=2What defines hp·np:
B: bunching-factor = λrf / lp (rf wave-length / bunch-length), Lp: circumference
= Lp / lp ·np
βIP = 0.1m implies lp = 0.1m (hour glass reduction 76%)
Lp/lp=576m/0.1m=5760 and ΔQ=0.1 → np < 3.6·1010 (p / bunch)
a) space charge (Laslett) tune shift:
![Page 20: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (iii)2) parameter of the proton beam
hp: number of bunches in HESR, Np: total protons in the HESR fHESR: revolution frequency in HESR
519.455kHz@γp=16 / 516.391kHz@γp=8 / 450.743kHz@γp=2What defines hp·np:
B: bunching-factor = λrf / lp (rf wave-length / bunch-length), Lp: circumference
= Lp / lp ·np
βIP = 0.1m implies lp = 0.1m (hour glass reduction 76%)
Lp/lp=576m/0.1m=5760 and ΔQ=0.1 → np < 3.6·1010 (p / bunch)
a) space charge (Laslett) tune shift:
beam-beam parameter e- ( ξe < 0.05 typ.):
![Page 21: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
b) choice of hp determined by• collisions frequency• distance of parasitic collisions from IP (beam separation)• technical realisation of the rf-systems of HESR (bunch formation process)
First baseline parameter set e-p (iv)
fcoll = hp·fp,rev
fcoll: collision-frequency, hp: harmonic number, fp,rev. revolution freq. protons
![Page 22: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
b) choice of hp determined by• collisions frequency• distance of parasitic collisions from IP (beam separation)• technical realisation of the rf-systems of HESR (bunch formation process)
First baseline parameter set e-p (iv)
fcoll = hp·fp,rev
fcoll: collision-frequency, hp: harmonic number, fp,rev. revolution freq. protons
hp=100 → fcoll=51.95MHz
Np=3.6·1012 protons in 100 0.1m long bunches in HESR !
λcoll = 5.76m (bunch spacing HESR) → parasitic collision at 2.88m from IP (bunch separation)
![Page 23: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
b) choice of hp determined by• collisions frequency• distance of parasitic collisions from IP (beam separation)• technical realisation of the rf-systems of HESR (bunch formation process)
First baseline parameter set e-p (iv)
fcoll = hp·fp,rev
fcoll: collision-frequency, hp: harmonic number, fp,rev. revolution freq. protons
hp=100 → fcoll=51.95MHz
Np=3.6·1012 protons in 100 0.1m long bunches in HESR !
λcoll = 5.76m (bunch spacing HESR) → parasitic collision at 2.88m from IP (bunch separation)3) electrons per bunch
(bunch length, emittance (?) and bunch structure poses no problem and will beadopted to the requirements defined by the pRing)
Number of electrons is limited due to single bunch effects in eRing(multi bunch instabilities must be counteracted by feedback systems)
![Page 24: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (v)
Comparing the single bunch currents reached in machines like ELETTRA, DELTA,DAΦNE one can estimate the following scaling for ne:
ne = 7.5·1010 E[GeV] → ne = 2.3·1011 e / bunch
![Page 25: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (v)
Comparing the single bunch currents reached in machines like ELETTRA, DELTA,DAΦNE one can estimate the following scaling for ne:
ne = 7.5·1010 E[GeV] → ne = 2.3·1011 e / bunch
beam-beam parameter p: ( ξp < 0.01 typ.)
![Page 26: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
First baseline parameter set e-p (v)
Comparing the single bunch currents reached in machines like ELETTRA, DELTA,DAΦNE one can estimate the following scaling for ne:
ne = 7.5·1010 E[GeV] → ne = 2.3·1011 e / bunch
Take in mind synchrotron radiation power:
At 3GeV a eRing with radii R = 30m (same as HESR) results at PSR = 456kW !( sr-power/meter ~ 1.3kW/m )
e.g. in a machine with a footprint like COSY with R=8m → PSR = 1.7MW( sr-power / meter ~ 15kW/m !! )
beam-beam parameter p: ( ξp < 0.01 typ.)
![Page 27: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
HESR / 15GeV p eRing / 3GeV
L [circumference, m] 576 577.126
R [bending radius, m] 30 30
εnorm / εgeo [mm mrad ] 2 / 0.13 2 / 0.13
βIP [m] 0.1 0.1
rIP [mm] 0.114 0.114
l [bunch length, m] > 0.1 < 0.1
n [particle / bunch 1010] 3.6 23
Ib [bunch current, mA] 3 19.1
h [bunches / ring] 100 100
I [total current, A] 0.3 1.91
PSR [sr-Power, kW] 455.8
fcoll [collision freq., MHz] 51.946 51.946
λcoll [bunch distance, m] 5.76 5.7713
ΔQsc 0.1
ξ [beam beam parameter] 0.013 0.011
Luminosität
(inc. 76% hour glass red.)2.0 · 1032 1/cm2s
P [polarisation, %] >70% >80%
First baseline parameter set e-p (vi)
![Page 28: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (i) 1) To get the desired proton beam of 100 bunches with
lb=0.1m, np=3.6·1010, εp=1.3·10-7mrad, Pp > 80% @ 15GeV/c
into the HESR needs:
• a polarised p source at the new 70MeV sc proton linac
• spin manipulation in the SIS18 (tune jump quads, ac dipole)
• proton transfer line + injection counter clockwise to the HESR
• spin manipulation in the HESR (full snake in back straight)
• accumulation of > 50 SIS18 shots at injection in the HESR (at least no space charge problem ΔQ~0.009, but complicated process with bunching – bunch to bucket transfer – bunch merging)
• complicated rf-gymnastic at 15GeV/c in the HESR adiabatic bunching in h=100 under strong electron cooling → without eCool necessary cavity voltage would exceeds MV !
• a powerful 8MeV, 1 – 3 A magnetised electron cooler (4.5MeV is designed within the HESR consortium, upgrade to 8MeV will be studied. At present even 4.5MeV eCool is not in FAIR phase A)
![Page 29: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (i) 1) To get the desired proton beam of 100 bunches with
lb=0.1m, np=3.6·1010, εp=1.3·10-7mrad, Pp > 80% @ 15GeV/c
into the HESR needs:
• a polarised p source at the new 70MeV sc proton linac
• spin manipulation in the SIS18 (tune jump quads, ac dipole)
• proton transfer line + injection counter clockwise to the HESR
• spin manipulation in the HESR (full snake in back straight)
• accumulation of > 50 SIS18 shots at injection in the HESR (at least no space charge problem ΔQ~0.009, but complicated process with bunching – bunch to bucket transfer – bunch merging)
• complicated rf-gymnastic at 15GeV/c in the HESR adiabatic bunching in h=100 under strong electron cooling → without eCool necessary cavity voltage would exceeds MV !
• a powerful 8MeV, 1 – 3 A magnetised electron cooler (4.5MeV is designed within the HESR consortium, upgrade to 8MeV will be studied. At present even 4.5MeV eCool is not in FAIR phase A)
alreadyincludedin the
PAX proposal
![Page 30: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (i) 1) To get the desired proton beam of 100 bunches with
lb=0.1m, np=3.6·1010, εp=1.3·10-7mrad, Pp > 80% @ 15GeV/c
into the HESR needs:
• a polarised p source at the new 70MeV sc proton linac
• spin manipulation in the SIS18 (tune jump quads, ac dipole)
• proton transfer line + injection counter clockwise to the HESR
• spin manipulation in the HESR (full snake in back straight)
• accumulation of > 50 SIS18 shots at injection in the HESR (at least no space charge problem ΔQ~0.009, but complicated process with bunching – bunch to bucket transfer – bunch merging)
• complicated rf-gymnastic at 15GeV/c in the HESR adiabatic bunching in h=100 under strong electron cooling → without eCool necessary cavity voltage would exceeds MV !
• a powerful 8MeV, 1 – 3 A magnetised electron cooler (4.5MeV is designed within the HESR consortium, upgrade to 8MeV will be studied. At present even 4.5MeV eCool is not in FAIR phase A)
alreadyincludedin the
PAX proposal
![Page 31: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
2) Design of the eRing:
• polarised e- source, linac and full energy injector synchrotron; could be very compact (cross section), also installed inside the HESR tunnel
• easy scheme for eRing with one snake in back straight for preservation of polarisation and free spin angle at detector seems not to be feasible
τdepol < 20min (following first estimations of D. Barber / DESY)
→ spin in arcs needs to be vertical → spin manipulators before and behind IP mandatory (space problem ?)
• single bunch currents of 19mA and total currents of 1.9A needs to be handled by optimised impedance budget and multi-bunch feedback
• SR power of 500kW needs to be handled (and maybe more)
• flexible adjustment of the beam emittances e.g. usually εvert << εhori (flat beam), here we suppose to equalised the emittances by adjustment of the coupling via skew-quads. Will that be possible without disturbing spin motion ? Most likely answer: No ! increase of vertical beta-function in eRing → increase of electrons vertical beam beam tune shift
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (ii)
![Page 32: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (iii)
24to dipole,4.3to quadrupole
both nc
3) Apparently it is a good idea to built the eRing inside the HESR tunnel !
![Page 33: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (iii)
24to dipole,4.3to quadrupole
both nc
eRing dipole:ca. 0.4m×0.25m and1.6to for 4m length
3) Apparently it is a good idea to built the eRing inside the HESR tunnel !
![Page 34: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (iii)
24to dipole,4.3to quadrupole
both nc
eRing dipole:ca. 0.4m×0.25m and1.6to for 4m length
Full-Energy-Boosterdipole a la SLS:
ca. 0.2m×0.2m andca. 0.7to for 4m length
3) Apparently it is a good idea to built the eRing inside the HESR tunnel !
![Page 35: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (iii)
24to dipole,4.3to quadrupole
both nc
eRing dipole:ca. 0.4m×0.25m and1.6to for 4m length
Full-Energy-Boosterdipole a la SLS:
ca. 0.2m×0.2m andca. 0.7to for 4m length
3) Apparently it is a good idea to built the eRing inside the HESR tunnel !
But don't forget:
- cavities- spin-manipulation- injection/extraction- feedback- ...
![Page 36: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (iv)
30m
4) IR design
![Page 37: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (iv)
30m
4) IR design
![Page 38: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (v)
![Page 39: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (v)
PANDAcentral
PANDAforward
PANDAcomp.Sol.
Dipol 1Dipol 2 Dipol 3
3 dipole-bump,detector is not on a straight of the HESR
![Page 40: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (vi)
side view of PANDA
![Page 41: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (vi)
area where the final-focus andbeam separation must take place
side view of PANDA
![Page 42: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (vi)
area where the final-focus andbeam separation must take place
side view of PANDA
additional• compensation solenoid eRing• quadrupoles for matching• multipole-corrections• spin-manipulation (e,p)
![Page 43: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Some comments to the necessary ingredients (vii)
How to rearrange this setup for colliding beam physics ?
n.b. also the e- requires a forward detector under small angles
![Page 44: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
scaling for cooling times: scaling for IBS growth rate:
comparison proton – deuterium at p=15GeV/c:
Proton Deuteriummp=938.27MeV md=1875.61MeVA=1, Z=1 A=2, Z=1γ=16.02, β=0.9980 γ=8.06, β=0.9922 therefore
• cooling time of deuterium is 16 times shorter than for protons• IBS growth rate is 4 times higher than for protons
→ cooling for deuterium is more efficient → one can expect at least the same performance as for protons
What´s about e-d (i)
![Page 45: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
What´s about e-d (ii)
Colliding polarised deuterium (γd=8, instead of γp=16) with polarised e-
• needs a polarised d source at the UNILAC
• needs other rf-frequencies and adaptation of eRing length (βp=0.998 compared to βd=0.9922)
• needs only a 4MV cooler (and the relation between cooling times and IBS growing times is a factor of 4 better than for protons with the same impulse)
• the space charge tune shift for the HESR at collision is still the limit for the particle number and worse due to smaller γd
→ nd = ¼ npTherefore one gets for the luminosity:
Ld = 1·1032 1 / cm2s (per d)
![Page 46: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
What´s about e-d (ii)
Colliding polarised deuterium (γd=8, instead of γp=16) with polarised e-
• needs a polarised d source at the UNILAC
• needs other rf-frequencies and adaptation of eRing length (βp=0.998 compared to βd=0.9922)
• needs only a 4MV cooler (and the relation between cooling times and IBS growing times is a factor of 4 better than for protons with the same impulse)
• the space charge tune shift for the HESR at collision is still the limit for the particle number and worse due to smaller γd
→ nd = ¼ npTherefore one gets for the luminosity:
Ld = 1·1032 1 / cm2s (per d)
beam beam parameter of d (ξd < 0.01 typ.):
![Page 47: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
HESR / 15GeV d eRing / 3GeV
L [circumference, m] 576 580.486 (+3.36m)
R [bending radius, m] 30 30
εnorm / εgeo [mm mrad ] 2 / 0.13 1 / 0.13
βIP [m] 0.1 0.1
rIP [mm] 0.114 0.114
l [bunch length, m] > 0.1 < 0.1
n [particle / bunch 1010] 0.916 23
Ib [bunch current, mA] 0.76 19.1
h [bunches / ring] 100 100
I [total current, A] 0.076 1.91
PSR [sr-Power, kW] 455.8
fcoll [collision freq., MHz] 51.645 51.645
λcoll [bunch distance, m] 5.76 5.8049
ΔQsc 0.1
ξ [beam beam parameter] 0.0139 0.0028
Luminosität
(inc. 76% hour glass red.)1.0 · 1032 1/cm2s
P [polarisation, %] >70% ???? >80%
What´s about e-d (iii)
![Page 48: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
How to increase the luminosity
![Page 49: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
How to increase the luminosity
![Page 50: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
ΔQsc < 0.1 fixes np,Ee=3GeV fixes ne
L, ΔQsc and ξe,p proportional to 1/εp
(no way out ?)
How to increase the luminosity
![Page 51: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
ΔQsc < 0.1 fixes np,Ee=3GeV fixes ne
L, ΔQsc and ξe,p proportional to 1/εp
(no way out ?)
Increasing fcoll (more bunches in HESR and also eRing), but:Realisation ? PSR increases ! ΔQsc in HESR@2GeV increases !
Multi bunch instabilities in eRing and HESR with increasing current !
How to increase the luminosity
![Page 52: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
ΔQsc < 0.1 fixes np,Ee=3GeV fixes ne
L, ΔQsc and ξe,p proportional to 1/εp
(no way out ?)
Increasing fcoll (more bunches in HESR and also eRing), but:Realisation ? PSR increases ! ΔQsc in HESR@2GeV increases !
Multi bunch instabilities in eRing and HESR with increasing current !
How to increase the luminosity
advanced schemes like:
• smaller beta-function at IP and compensation of
the hour glass effect by travelling focus
system
• higher collision frequency under crab cro
ssing
![Page 53: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz
Conclusion • ENC is very interesting option for HESR
• Accelerator working group is established (Mainz, Bonn, Dortmund, FZJ, ...)
• Main topics to deal with
- space requirements for eRing
- spin and beam dynamics in eRing (Bonn, Dortmund, D. Barber / DESY)
- beam dynamics in HESR bunch formation process under eCool (Mainz, FZJ)
- IR design with PANDA and spin rotators (Chr. Montag / BNL, Mainz)
- eCool at 8MV and ampere currents
- concepts for increase of luminosity
![Page 54: A Electron-Nucleon-Collider at the HESR of the FAIR Facilityeic2008.lbl.gov/~esichter/EIC-2008/talks/Sat/jankowiak.pdfJohannes Gutenberg – Universität Mainz A Electron-Nucleon-Collider](https://reader035.vdocuments.mx/reader035/viewer/2022071607/614522ac34130627ed50cacf/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Andreas Jankowiak, Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg – University Mainz