a descoberta dos raios-x na perspectiva da teoria de kuhn
TRANSCRIPT
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2
Carlos Alberto dos Santos
Professor Visitante
Departamento de Ciências Exatas e Naturais
Univ. Federal Rural do Semi-Árido
Mestrado Nacional Profissional de Ensino de Física
Marcos no Desenvolvimento da Física
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MNPEF – UFERSA, [email protected]
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2
Francis Hauksbee
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2
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MNPEF – UFERSA, [email protected]
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2
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Espectrômetr
o de massa
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Thomson’s positive ray analyzer
in the Cavendish Laboratory in
Cambridge. The glass volume in
the center is where the gas
discharge took place.
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MNPEF – UFERSA, [email protected]
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Experimento que
sugeriu o caráter
corpuscular dos
raios catódicos
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2
Equipamento para
observar o efeito do
campo elétrico
Equipamento
para observar
o efeito do
campo
magnético e
medir a
relação e/m
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Raios catódicos &
raios-X no ar
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MNPEF – UFERSA, [email protected]
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sir william crookes
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Alguns raios catódicos eram defletidos por um campo magnético e outros não (Lenard, 1894).
Uma tela fluorescente era excitada a uma boa distância do tubo de raios catódicos, mesmo quando protegida desses raios (Goldstein, 1888).
Fosforescência em peças de vidro a vários centímetros de distância do tubo de raios catódicos (Thomson, 1894).
Raios catódicos descarregavam um disco, mesmo quando a uma distância superior a 8 cm (Lenard, 1894).
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MNPEF – UFERSA, [email protected]
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2Translated by Arthur Stanton from the Sitzungsberichte der Würzburger
Physik-medic. Gesellschafl, 1895.—London. Nature.
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2Translated by Arthur Stanton from the Sitzungsberichte der Würzburger
Physik-medic. Gesellschafl, 1895.—London. Nature.
Raios-X sensibilizam tela fosforescente a uma distância de 2 m.
Absorção dos raios-X depende da densidade e da espessura dos
materiais.
Raios-X não são defletidos por um campo magnético.
Raios-X são produzidos pelos raios catódicos na parede de vidro
do tubo de descarga e em chapas de metais.
Raios-X são diferentes dos raios catódicos.
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2Translated by Arthur Stanton from the Sitzungsberichte der Würzburger
Physik-medic. Gesellschafl, 1895.—London. Nature.
Por causa dos efeitos fluorescentes, raios-X são como luz
ultravioleta.
Poderiam ser vibrações longitudinais no éter, como afirmam
Goldstein, Hertz, Lenard e outros.
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Science, New Series, Vol. 3, No. 72 (May 15, 1896), pp.726-729
A NEW FORM OF RADIATION.*As my investigations will have to be interrupted for severalweeks, I propose in the following paper to communicate a few new results
*Second communication to the Würzburg Physico-Medical Society. Reprinted from the translation inElectricity.
http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1624373.pdf
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/1624373.pdf
Efeitos dos raios catódicos sobre corpos eletrizados, investigados
por Lenard, eram de fato devido aos raios-X produzidos na janela
de alumínio do seu tubo de vácuo.
Mostrou que platina produz raios-X mais intensos do que
alumínio. Não encontrou sólido que não emitisse raios-X, e não
entende porque líquidos e gases não emitem.
No final da segunda comunicação discute questões técnicas, de
ordem prática, como a operação da bobina de indução e a
manutenção do vácuo.
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MNPEF – UFERSA, 2016.2GLASSER, O. Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen and the Early History of the Roentgen Rays
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Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series A, Containing Papers of a Mathematical and Physical Character, Vol. 86, No. 588 (Apr. 25, 1912), pp. 360-370
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