Reference Staff – refdrop@stchas.edu St. Charles Community College Updated for 6th

ed. 8/2009

A Concise References Guide for APA Style

All references must be double-spaced with a hanging indent. This means that the first line is flush with the left margin, and all subsequent lines are indented 5 spaces. The title of your bibliography is References and entries are listed in alphabetical order.

Books

Book with named author(s):

Cone, J. D., & Foster, S. L. (1993). Dissertations and theses from start to finish: Psychology and related fields. Washington,

DC: American Psychological Association.

Book with an editor: Gibbs, J. T. (Ed.). (1991). Children of color: Psychological interventions with minority youth. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Book with named edition:

Mitchell, T. R., & Larson, J. R., Jr. (1987). People in organizations: An introduction to organizational behavior (3rd ed.).

New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Encyclopedia entry with author:

Bergmann, P. G. (1993). Relativity. In The new encyclopedia Britannica (Vol. 26, pp. 501- 508). Chicago, IL: Encyclopedia

Britannica.

Encyclopedia entry, no author given: [For major reference works with a large editorial board, you may list the name of the lead editor, followed by et al.] Riviera. (2005). In M. Shalley-Jensen, et al. (Eds.), The encyclopedia Americana (Vol. 23, p. 555). Danbury, CT: Scholastic.

Multi-volume works: Koch, S. (Ed.). (1959). Psychology: A study of science (Vol. 3). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

Article or chapter in an edited book:

Massaro, D. (1992). Broadening the domain of the fuzzy logical model of perception. In H. L. Pick, Jr., P. van den Broek, & D.

C. Knill (Eds.), Cognition: Conceptual and methodological issues (pp.51-84). Washington, DC: American Psychological

Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (APA is both author & publisher): [When the author and the publisher are the same, use the word Author as the name of the publisher.] American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed.). Washington, DC:

Author. Electronic Book from netLibrary Surprenant, C. (2003). Freud's mass psychology: Questions of scale. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan. Retrieved from netLibrary.

Book or Chapter available only online (retrieval statement takes the place of the publisher’s location and name): O’Keefe, E. (n.d.). Egoism & the crisis in Western values. Retrieved from http://www.onlineoriginals.com/showitem.asp?135

Articles and Online Sources

When you are using an online/electronic book or article that you retrieved from a library database or the Internet, cite the book or article information as listed below, and append one of the following (always choose option #1 when you have a DOI):

1. The DOI (digital object identifier) when available for both print and online sources (see Yorke and Maas examples) 2. Retrieved from Xxxxx database. (see Clear example) 3. Retrieved from http://www.xxxxxxxx for a website (see Billitteri and Riebeek examples)

For all article citations, italicize both the journal title and the volume; the issue number, if used, is not italicized. Journal article, one author, paginated throughout the year (accessed in paper, has a DOI): [If a DOI is not on the first page of the article, end the citation with the page numbers.] Yorke, J. (2008). Therapeutic value of equine-human bonding in recovery from trauma. Anthrozoos, 18, 517-530. doi: 10.2752/089279308X274038 Journal article, more than seven authors, paginated by issue (accessed from an online database, has a DOI):

After the sixth author’s last name and initial, type … and the last author’s name (see Maas)

List the authors in the order that they appear on the article.

In text, include the et al. in the parenthetical citation each time the work is cited: (Maas et al., 2008).

Maas, C., Govers-Riemslag, J. W., Bouma, B., Schiks, B., Hazenberg, B. P., Lokhorst, H., … Gebbink, M. (2008). Misfolded

proteins activate Factor XII in humans. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 118(7), 8-18. doi: 10.1172/JCI35424 Newspaper article, two authors, discontinuous pages (accessed in paper): [Magazine articles also list the year, followed by the exact date] Posner, M. I., & Basner, T. (2000, October 29). Obesity affects economic, social status. The Washington Post, pp. A1, A4. Article from Opposing Viewpoints (an online database, no DOI):

Clear, T. R. (2002). Imprisonment does not reduce crime. In R. Espejo (Ed.), America’s Prisons. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven

Press. Retrieved from Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center database.

Article from the CQ Researcher Online (online site for one publication): Billitteri, T. J. (2009, February 6). Auto industry’s future. The CQ Researcher Online, 19, 105-127. Retrieved from

http://library.cqpress.com Entire World Wide Web Site: To cite an entire Web site, not a specific site document, include the web address in the text of your paper without a reference entry:

Psych Web is an informational site for psychology instructors (http://www.psychwww.com).

Specific Document on the Web: Riebeek, H. (2007, May 11). Global warming. Earth Observatory. Retrieved from http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/GlobalWarming/

Blog Entry (Text and Video) {Use this same format for online videos, but substitute [Video file] for [Web log message]}. Sternheimer, K. (2009, July 17). Drugs in America: Not just for celebrities [Web log message]. Retrieved from

http://nortonbooks.typepad.com/everydaysociology/2009/07/drugs-in-america-not-just-for-celebrities.html Stand-alone document, no author identified, no date:

GVU’s 10th

WWW user survey. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.cc.gatech.edu/gvu/user_surveys/survey-1998-10/