96 (1) tissue and organs

8/14/2019 96 (1) Tissue and Organs

1/81

evxgz =Xosswg+ Azledsysxg`s+ edhBa`gasxesos

:66


2/81

Ed ohgeko}gh edoèk cgkk

Cgkks

Iolwzg 8$9E

Cyxasngkgxad

Zojasa`gs CgdxzoakgKysasa`g

Ikelgkkw`

Dax od àsxvkedx cgkks

Dwckgws" /

Sàaxbgdhavkesòczgxocwkw` "GZ/Laklo

evvezexws

Zawlbgdhavkesòczgxocwkw` "GZ/

@oxacbadhzoad

Vkesè`g`jzedg


3/81

Xbg HDE od e cgkk os vecngh

odxa ed gkejazexg+`wkxokggk sysxg` ai caokodledh iakhodl

Iolwzg 2$8

HDE hawjkg bgkorBosxadgs

Jgehsad esxzodl

Dwckgasa`g

Xolbx bgkocek iojgzSwvgzcaok

Sosxgzcbza`exohs

Cgdxza`gzg


4/81

HDE cadxzaks xbg cgkk

jy xzedsigzzodl oxs

cahgh odiazèxoad

odxa ZDE

Cgkk

Xbg odiazèxoad odxbg ZDE os wsgh xa

èng vzaxgods

Sydxbgsos ai`ZDE od xbgdwckgws

5

: @ag`gdx ai`ZDE odxacyxavkes` oe

dwckgez vazg

3 Sydxbgsos aivzaxgod od xbgcyxavkes`

HDE

`ZDE

Dwckgws

Cyxavkes`

`ZDE

Zojasa`g

Vzaxgod


5/81

Joakaly cadxgdx

55!5 8 Edo`ek Sxzwcxwzgs ) Iwdcxoads

55!2 7+9 Sngkgxek Sysxg`) @wscwkez Sysxg`

55!57 53+58 Dgzaws ) Sgdsazy Sysxg` 55!:: 2+?+56 Cozcwkexoad ) O``wdg Sysxg`

55!:?


6/81

Jahy Cgkk

Xosswg Azled Azled sysxg`s Jkaah edh ikwoh Jahy


7/81

Cbevxgz 8

8$5 Gvoxbgkoek cgkks 8$: Caddgcxog xosswg 8$3 @wsckg xosswg 8$8 Dgzaws xosswg 8$9 Cgkk mwdcxoads 8$< @g`jzedg

8$2 Azled sysxg`s 8$? Snod 8$55 Ba`gasxesos


8/81Ba| \awkh _aw Yaxg+ v$ 9<


9/81

8$5 Gvoxbgkow` "

/= xbg jahys cagzodl edh kododls" / Iwdcxoads= cagz jahy swziecg= kodgs

odxgzdek ceoxogs edh xwjgs

X|a jesoc xyvgs ai gvoxbgkow` =

-- so`vkg "adg keygz/=

-- sxzexoiogh "`azg keygzs/=


10/81

Lkedhs " / hggkav iza` gvoxbgkow`=

-- graczodg lkedhs= xbzawlb hwcxs az xwjgs

-- gdhaczodg lkedhs= da hwcxs "jyjkaahsxzge`/


11/81Xejkg 8$5+ v$ 92


12/81Iol$ 8$5e+ v$ 9?

izgg swziecgai gvoxbgkow`

caddgcxogxosswg

so`vkgsuwe`awsgvoxbgkow`

jesg`gdx`g`jzedg


13/81Iol$ 8$:j-h+ v$ eoz secs aikwdls> vgzoxadgw`

IWDCXOAD= Hoiiwsoad>iokxzexoad> sgczgxoad ai

kwjzocedxs

X_VG= So`vkg cwjaohek

HGSCZOVXOAD= Sodlkg keygzai suwezosb cgkks

CA@@AD KACEXOADS=Hwcxs+ sgczgxazy vezx aisèkk lkedhs> zgxode> nohdgyxwjwkgs> aezogs+ xgsxgs>jzadcboakgs

IWDCXOAD= Sgczgxoad>ejsazvxoad

X_VG= So`vkg cakw`dez

HGSCZOVXOAD= Sodlkg keygz ai xekkcgkks> izgg swziecg èy beg cokoe+`wcws-sgczgxodl lkedhwkez cgkks+òczaokko

CA@@AD KACEXOADS= Lkedhs+hwcxs> lwx> vezxs ai wxgzws> sèkkjzadcbo

IWDCXOAD= Sgczgxoad> ejsazvxoad>

cokoexgh xyvgs àg swjsxedcgs


14/81

8$: Caddgcxog xosswg "

/= Iwdcxoads= jodhs+ swvvazxs+ ehhs

sxzgdlxb> sa`g vzaohg vzaxgcxoad az

odswkexoad

Saix caddgcxog xosswg=

Svgcoeko}gh caddgcxog xosswg= kacexoads

iwdcxoads


15/81

Saix caddgcxog xosswgs=-- kaasg= snod

-- Hgdsg+ ozzglwkez= cevswkg ai azleds-- hgdsg zglwkez= xgdhads " /+ kole`gdxs" /

Svgcoeko}gh caddgcxog xosswgs=-- cezxokelg " /-- jadg-- ehovasg xosswg " /

-- jkaah

K xo H kH o k


16/81

cakkelgdaws

iojgz

iojzajkesx

gkesxoc iojgz

Kaasg caddgcxog

xosswg

cezxokelg cgkk

"cbadhzacyxg/

Cezxokelg

cakkelgdaws

iojgzs

cakkelgdaws

iojgzs

iojzajkesx

lzawdh

swjsxedcg|oxb cakkelgd

iojgzs

Hgdsg+ zglwkez

caddgcxog xosswg

Iol$ 8$:e-h+ v$


17/81Iol$ 8$:gi+ v$


18/81Xejkg 8$:+ v$


19/81Iol$ 8$3+ v$


20/81

Gdlodggzodl dg| xosswgedh azleds

Xosswg zgvkecodl

Sxg` cgkks

Sawzcg= ehwkx= jadg `ezza|+ jkaah+ gvohgz`os ai

snod+ kovaswcxoad Igxek= cazh jkaah+


21/81O`vecxs+ Osswgs+ v$


22/81

Iol$ 8$8h+ v$


23/81

8$3 @wsckg xosswg=

Iwdcxoads= `ag`gdx ai xbg jahy edh oxsvezxs

"Iol$ 8$8/ Kacexoads= Iwdcxoads=

-- sngkgxek `wsckg " /=

-- s`aaxb `wsckg " /=

-- cezhoec `wsckg " /=


24/81

@wsckg cgkks=

Vezekkgk `wsckg cgkks+ iescockgs " /+ `wsckg keygz edh `wscwkez azleds

X_VG Sn k x k k


25/81

Iol$ 8$8e-c+ v$ èdy òxacbadhzoe> aixgd zgikgr-ecxoexgh jwx ced jg cadscoawskycadxzakkgh

KACEXOADS= Vezxdgz ai sngkgxek jadgs+ eleodsx |bocb ox grgzxs lzgex iazcg

IWDCXOAD= Kacaàxoad+ vasxwzg> bgeh+ ko`j àg`gdxs

X_VG= Sàaxb `wsckg

HGSCZOVXOAD= Cadxzecxokg cgkks xevgzgh ex jaxb gdhs> dax sxzoexgh

KACEXOADS= \ekk ai ezxgzogs+ svbodcxgzs+ sxaècb+ odxgsxodgs+ wzodezyjkehhgz+ èdy axbgz saix odxgzdek azleds

IWDCXOAD= Cadxzakkgh cadsxzocxoad> àxokoxy "es od lwx/> ezxgzoek jkaah ika|

X_VG= Cezhoec `wsckg

HGSCZOVXOAD= Wdggdky sxzoexgh+ iwsgh-xalgxbgz cykodhzocek cgkks xbexcadxzecx es e wdox a|odl xa soldeks ex lev mwdcxoads jgx|ggd xbg`

KACEXOADS= Bgezx |ekk

IWDCXOAD= Vw`v jkaah iazcgiwkky xbzawlb cozcwkexazy sysxg`


26/81

sngkgxek wsckg cezhoec wsckg

s`aaxb `wsckg

Iol$ 8$8e-c+ v$


27/81

8$8 Dgzaws xosswg=

Iwdcxoads= ca``wdocexoad jgx|ggd jahy vezxs>caazhodexoad+ zglwkexoad ai cgkk ecxooxy gl$sgdsazy dgwzads= snod+ dasg+ edh gyg

dgzg= "Iol$ 8$7/ Dgzaws cgkks= jzedcbgh hgdhzoxgs " / edh

erad " / Dgwzalkoe= esxzacyxgs

-- sbwxxkg dwxzogdxs+ swvvazx+ odswkexoad " /


28/81

Iol$ 8$7e+ v$


29/81

Iol$ 8$7j+ v$


30/81

O`vecxs+ Osswgs+ v$


31/81

8$7 Cgkk mwdcxoads=

Iwdcxoads= bakhodl xosswg xalgxbgz

"Iol$ 8$9/ Xolbx mwdcxoads=

Ehbgzodl mwdcxoads=

Lev mwdcxoads=


32/81

XOLBX EHBGZODL MWDCXOAD LEV MWDCXOAD Iol$ 8$9+ v$


33/81

8$9 @g`jzedg " /=

Iwdcxoads= xbod+ sbggxkong cagzs

"Iol$ 8$


34/81

`wcaws

`g`jzedg

sgzaws

`g`jzedg

sydaoek

`g`jzedg

Iol$ 8$


35/81

8$< Azled sysxg`s

Gcahgz`+ `gsahgz`+ gdhahgz`

"Iol$8$2+ 8$?/-

Sngkgxek Sysxg` edh @wscwkez Sysxg`

Jkaah edh Cozcwkexoad Sysxg`

O``wdg Sysxg`

Holgsxoad edh Zgsvozexazy Sysxg`

Dgzaws Sysxg` edh Sgdsazy Sysxg`

Gdhaczodg Sysxg` edh Zgvzahwcxog Sysxg`s


36/81

czedoek ceoxy

svodek ceoxy

xbazecoc ceoxy

vgkoc ceoxy

ejha`odek ceoxy

Iol$ 8$2e+ v$


37/81

" y v + /

ODIGZOAZ

"ai x|a jahy vezxs+

xbg adg iezxbgsx iza` bgeh/

izadxek vkedg

"euwe/

`ohseloxxek

vkedg

"lzggd/

EDXGZOAZ"ex az dgez izadx ai jahy/

hosxek "iezxbgsx iza` xzwdn az

iza` vaodx ai azolod ai e jahy

vezx/

vzaro`ek "ckasgsx xa

xzwdn az xa vaodx ai

azolod ai e jahy vezx/

VASXGZOAZ

"ex az dgez jecn ai jahy/

xzedsgzsg

vkedg

"ygkka|/

Iol$ 8$2j+ v$


38/81

Iol$ 8$?+ v$


39/81

Iol$ 8$?+ v$


40/81

$gre`vkg ai ed azledsysxg`

Bgkv jahy cadsgzg |exgz

Eaoh he`elg iza` WY kolbx

Zgsosxedx `gcbedocek sxzgss Gvohgz`os= ngzexodacyxgs+ `gkedacyxgs+

kedlgzbeds+ edh lzedsxgod cgkks

Beozs+ aok lzedhs+ s|gex lkedhs

`gkedac xg


41/81

Iol$ 8$56e+ v$


42/81

O`vecxs+ Osswgs+ v$


43/81

Iol$ 8$56j+ v$


44/81

Iol$ 8$55+ v$


45/81


46/81

8$? Ba`gasxesos" =

Iwdcxoads= xa `eodxeod xbg vbysocek edhcbg`ocek cbezecxgzosxocs ai odxgzdekgdozad`gdx

Grxzecgkkwkez ikwoh

Ba`gasxesos zguwozgs xbg odxgzecxoad aisgdsazs+ odxglzexazs edh giigcxazs

Igghjecn " / `gcbedos`s ezgo`vazxedx ba`gasxexoc cadxzak

-- dglexog cadxzak edh vasoxog cadxzak

COdxgzsxoxoek


47/81

Od-xgrx Iol$+ v$ 26

Jkaah

gssgk

Cgkk "xosswg/ ikwoh Jkaah

Grxzecgkkwkez ikwoh


48/81

Zgcgvxaz Odxglzexaz Giigcxaz

Sxo`wkws Ba`gasxesos

Igghjecn


49/81

Iol$ 8$57


50/81

SXO@WKWS odvwx odxa xbg sysxg`

ZGSVADSG xa sxo`wkws cewsgs cbedlg$ Xbg cbedlg os igh jecn

xa zgcgvxaz$ Od dglexog igghjecn+ xbg sysxg`s zgsvadsg cedcgks azcawdxgzs xbg giigcx ai xbg azolodek sxo`wkws$

Iol$ 8$5:+ v$ 26

zgcgvxaz"swcb es

dgzg gdhodl

od xbg snod/

odxglzexaz"swcb es

xbg jzeod az

svodek cazh/

giigcxaz

"e `wsckgaz e lkedh/

Sxgvvgh Ezx


51/81

Iol$ 8$53e+ v$ 25s|gex lkedh vazghgeh+ ikexxgdgh snod cgkks

giigcxazsSXO@WKWS o x x


52/81

zgcgvxazsOd snod edh

gksg|bgzg>

hgxgcx xbg

xg`vgzexwzg

cbedlg$

giigcxazsVoxwoxezy lkedh

) xbyzaoh lkedh

xzollgz

|ohgsvzgeh

ehmwsx`gdxs odèdy jahy

azleds$

Sngkgxek

`wsckgs od

cbgsx |ekk

|azn xa lgx

ehhoxoadekarylgd odxa

kwdls$

Sàaxb `wsckg od

jkaah gssgks

hokexgs> jkaah

xzedsvazxodl

`gxejakoc bgexsbwdxgh xa snod>

sa`g bgex kasx xa

swzzawdhodls$

S|gex

lkedhs

sgczgxg

àzg+

|oxb caakodlgiigcx ad

xbg jzeod

gsvgcoekky$

GiigcxazsXbgsg cezzy awx svgcoioc zgsvadsgs+ odckwhodl=

Agzekk ska|odl ai ecxooxy zgswkxs od

kgss `gxejakocekky lgdgzexgh bgex$

ZGSVADSGJahy xg`vgzexwzgiekks+zgcgvxazsodoxoexg sboixsod giigcxazawxvwx$

Iol$ 8$53j+ v$ 25

SXO@WKWSEixgzagzgrgzxoadad e bax+ hzyhey+ swziecgxg`vgzexwzg aijahy zosgs$

Sxgvvgh Ezx

odxglzexazXbg byvaxbeke`ws+

e jzeod zgload+

ca`vezgs odvwx

iza` xbg zgcgvxazs

eleodsx xbg sgxvaodxiaz xbg jahy$


53/81

Iol$ 8$58e+ v$ 2:


54/81

Iol$ 8$58j+ v$ 2:


55/81

Iol$ 8$58j+ v$ 2:

CBEDLG OD CAZG XG@VGZEXWZG

bazàdek soldeks iza`

xbgzàsxex cgdxgzs

od byvaxbeke`ws

CBEDLG OD SNOD XG@VGZEXWZG

vgzovbgzek

xbgzàzgcgvxazsod snod

cgdxzek xbgzàzgcgvxazs

od byvaxbeke`ws+ejhaòdek azleds+ edh

gksg|bgzg


56/81

Iol$ 8$58c+ v$ 2:

sàaxb `wsckgs odezxgzoakgs od snod s|gex lkedhs

s|gexodl

ehmwsx`gdxod bgex kass

esacadsxzocxoad+esahokexoad

ehmwsx`gdx odkass az

cadsgzexoad ai`gxejakoc bgex

sngkgxek`wsckgs

`wsckgxadg+

sbogzodl

ehmwsx`gdxs od`wsckg ecxooxy"od `gxejakoc

bgex awxvwx/

akwdxezycbedlgs odjgbeoaz

ehmwsx`gdxsod bgex leodaz bgex kass

àxazdgwzads

bazàdek soldeks iza`

xbgzàsxex cgdxgzs od

byvaxbeke`ws


57/81

Xejkg 8$3+ v$ 23


58/81

Xejkg 8$8+ v$ 27


59/81


60/81

v$ 27


61/81

Iol$ 8$57+ v$ 29


62/81

v$ 29


63/81

Iol$ 8$5+ v$ 9?


64/81

Iol$ 8$5+ v$ 9?


65/81

Iol$ 8$:e-h+ v$


66/81

Iol$ 8$:gi+ v$


67/81

Iol$ 8$3+ v$


68/81

Iol$ 8$:j-h+ v$


69/81

Iol$ 8$8e-c+ v$


70/81

Iol$ 8$9+ v$


71/81

Iol$ 8$


72/81

Iol$ 8$2e+ v$


73/81

Iol$ 8$2j+ v$


74/81

Iol$ 8$56e+ v$


75/81

Iol$ 8$56j+ v$


76/81

Iol$ 8$55+ v$


77/81

Od-xgrx Iol$+ v$ 26


78/81

Iol$ 8$5:+ v$ 26


79/81

Iol$ 8$53j+ v$ 25

zgcgvxazs odxglzexaz giigcxazsSXO@WKWSEixgz

xo


80/81

Od snod edh

gksg|bgzg>

hgxgcx xbg

xg`vgzexwzg

cbedlg$

Xbg byvaxbeke`ws+

e jzeod zgload+

ca`vezgs odvwx

iza` xbg zgcgvxazs

eleodsx xbg sgx

vaodxiaz xbg jahy$

Voxwoxezy lkedh

) xbyzaoh lkedh

xzollgz |ohgsvzgeh

ehmwsx`gdxs od

èdy jahy azleds$

Sngkgxek

`wsckgs od

cbgsx |ekk

|azn xa lgx

ehhoxoadek

arylgd odxa

kwdls$

Sàaxb `wsckg od

jkaah gssgks

hokexgs> jkaah

xzedsvazxodl

`gxejakoc bgex

sbwdxgh xa snod>

sa`g bgex kasx xa

swzzawdhodls$

S|gex

lkedhs

sgczgxg

àzg+

|oxb caakodl

giigcx ad

xbg jzeod

gsvgcoekky$

Giigcxazs

Xbgsg cezzy awx svgcoioc zgsvadsgs+ odckwhodl=

Agzekk ska|odl ai ecxooxy zgswkxs od

kgss `gxejakocekky lgdgzexgh bgex$

ZGSVADSGJahy xg`vgzexwzgiekks+ zgcgvxazsodoxoexg sboixs

od giigcxazawxvwx$

Iol$ 8$53j+ v$ 25

agzgrgzxoadad e bax+ hzyhey+ swziecgxg`vgzexwzg aijahy zosgs$


81/81

SXO@WKWS "odvwx odxa xbg sysxg`/

ZGSVADSG xa sxo`wkws cewsgs cbedlg$ Xbg cbedlg os igh jecn

xa zgcgvxaz$ Od dglexog igghjecn+ xbg sysxg`s zgsvadsg cedcgks

az cawdxgzs xbg giigcx ai xbg azolodek sxo`wkws$

zgcgvxaz

"swcb es edgzg gdhodl

od xbg snod/

odxglzexaz

"swcb esxbg jzeod az

svodek cazh/

giigcxaz

"e `wsckgaz lkedh/

96 (1) tissue and organs

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