93777408 the composition of air
TRANSCRIPT
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5.1 The Composition of Air
ITeach Science Form 1
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
The Composition of Air
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
The Composition Of Air
Air is a mixture of few gases
Nitrogen (78%)
Oxygen (21%)
Inert gases + othersubstances (0.97%)
Carbon dioxide (0.03%)
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Komposisi Udara
Topik 5 Udara Di Sekeliling Kita
Komposisi Udara
Udara ialah campuran beberapa jenis gas
Nitrogen (78%)
Oksigen (21%)
Gas nadir + bahan lain(0.97%)
Karbon dioksida
(0.03%)
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ITeach Science Form 1
The Composition of Air
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
Experiment To Show The Percentage Of Oxygen In Air
Percentage of oxygen in air = (x - y) cm 100%
x cm
DiscussionWater rose to one-fifth of the height of the gas jar at the end of
experiment.
Gas jar
Candle
Cork
Water
x cmy cm
At the beginning
of the experiment
At the end of the
experiment
This shows that one-fifth of the air is used up for the combustion.
Air consists of 21% of oxygen.
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Komposisi Udara
Topik 5 Udara Di Sekeliling Kita
Eksperimen Untuk Menunjukkan Peratus Oksigen Di Udara
Peratus oksigen di udara = (x - y) cm 100%
x cm
PerbincanganAir naik sehingga satu per lima tinggi kelalang gas di akhir
eksperimen
Kelalang gas
Lilin
Gabus
Air
x cmy cm
Di awal
eksperimen
Di akhir
eksperimen
Satu per lima daripada kandungan udara digunakan untuk
pembakaran
Udara terdiri daripada 21% oksigen.
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ITeach Science Form 1
The Composition of Air
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
Discussion:
The liquid collected changes the colour of cobalt chloride paper
from blue to pink.
Retort stand Retort stand
Ice Ice
Liquid
Drops of water
Water vapour in the air condenses to form drops of water when
in contact with cold surface.
At the beginning of the experiment At the end of the experiment
Experiment To Show That Air Contains Water Vapour
Air contains water vapour.
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Komposisi Udara
Topik 5 Udara Di Sekeliling Kita
Perbincangan:
Cecair yang terkumpul menukarkan warna kertas kobalt klorida
biru menjadi merah jambu
Kaki Retort Kaki Retort
Ais Ais
Cecair
Titisan air
Wap air di udara terkondensasi lalu membentuk titisan air
apabila wap air bersentuhan dengan permukaan sejuk
Di awal eksperimen Di akhir eksperimen
Eksperimen Untuk Menunjukkan Udara Mengandungi Wap Air
Udara mengandungi wap air
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The Composition of Air
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
Discussion: The dust in the air falls on the sticky side of the cellophone tape.
SlideCellophane tape with
sticky side facing up
Sterile petri dish
Sterile nutrient agar
exposed to air
White colonies present on the agar.
Experiment To Show That Air Contains Dust
Particles And Microorganisms
Dust present in the air
Microorganisms are present in the air.
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Komposisi Udara
Topik 5 Udara Di Sekeliling Kita
Perbincangan: Debu di udara jatuh ke bahagian pita selofon yang melekit.
SlaidPita selofon dengan
bahagian melekit
diletakkan di atas
Piring petri steril
Agar bernutrien dan
steril dibiarkan
terdedah kepada udara
Koloni putih tumbuh dalam agar
Eksperimen Untuk Menunjukkan Udara Mengandungi
Debu dan Mikroorganisma
Debu hadir dalam udara.
Mikroorganisma hadir dalam udara.
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5.2 The Properties Of Oxygen And Carbon Dioxide
ITeach Science Form 1
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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Turns hydrogen carbonate
indicator to yellow
ITeach Science Form 1
The Properties Of Oxygen And Carbon Dioxide
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
Comparison Between Oxygen And Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen Properties Carbon Dioxide
Solubility in water
Reaction with
sodium hydroxide solution
Reaction with glowing and
burning splinter
Reaction with moist blue and
red litmus paper
Slightly soluble
Not soluble
Glowing splinter relights
No effect on
both litmus paper
Slightly soluble
Very soluble (forms
sodium carbonate)
Burning splinter is
extinguished
Changes moist blue
litmus paper to red
Reaction with lime water
Reaction with hydrogen
carbonate indicator
No effect
No effect
Lime water turns cloudy
Colour Colourless Colourless
Odour Odourless Odourless
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Warna penunjuk bikarbonat
berubah kepada kuning
ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Sifat-sifat Oksigen Dan Karbon Dioksida
Topik 5 Udara Di sekeliling Kita
Perbandingan Antara Oksigen dan Karbon Dioksida
Oksigen Sifat Karbon Dioksida
Kelarutan dalam air
Tindak balas dengan larutan
natrium hidroksida
Tindak balas dengan kayu uji
menyala dan kayu uji berbara
Tindak balas dengan kertas
litmus merah dan biru lembap
Larut sedikit
Tidak larut
Kayu uji menyala terbakar
Tiada kesan pada kedua-
dua kertas litmus
Larut sedikit
Sangat larut (membentuk
natrium karbonat)
Kayu uji berbara
terpadam
Kertas litmus biru
berubah kepada merah
Tindak balas dengan air kapur
Tindak balas dengan
penunjuk hidrogen karbonat
Tiada kesan
Tiada kesan
Air kapur menjadi keruh
Warna Tidak berwarna Tidak berwarna
Bau Tiada bau Tiada bau
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5.3 Oxygen Is Needed For Respiration
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
ITeach Science Form 1
T i 5 Th Ai A d U
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The process of oxidizing digested food in the body cells to produce
heat energy, carbon dioxide and water.
ITeach Science Form 1
Oxygen Is Needed For Respiration
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
Respiration
Food + O2 CO2 + H2O + Heat Energy
T ik 5 Ud Di k lili Kit
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Proses pengoksidaan makanan tercerna dalam badan bagi
menghasilkan tenaga haba, karbon dioksida dan air.
ITeach Science Form 1
Oksigen Diperlukan Untuk Respirasi
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
Respirasi
Makanan + O2 CO2 + H2O + Tenaga haba
Topic 5 The Air Aro nd Us
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Oxygen Is Needed For Respiration
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
To Show That Living Things Use Oxygen
During Respiration
Wire gauze Glass tube
Drop of red ink
(indicator)Cotton soaked in sodium
hydroxide solution
Cockroach
Germinating
green beans
A
B
C
Observation: Boiling tube Observation
A Indicator moved inwards
B Indicator moved inwards
C Indicator remains at the original position
Conclusion: Living things use oxygen and release carbon dioxide during
respiration. The volume of air in the tube will decrease when
sodium hydroxide absorbs carbon dioxide. This causes the
indicator to moves inwards.
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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Oksigen Diperlukan Untuk Respirasi
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
Untuk Menunjukkan Benda Hidup
Menggunakan Oksigen Semasa Respirasi
Dawai kasa Tiub kaca
Titisan dakwat
merah (penunjuk)Kapas direndam dalam
larutan natrium hidroksida
Lipas
Biji benih
bercambah
A
B
C
Pemerhatian: Tabung didih Pemerhatian
A Penunjuk bergerak ke dalam tabung didih
B Penunjuk bergerak ke dalam tabung didih
C Penunjuk tidak bergerak
Kesimpulan: Benda hidup menggunakan oksigen dan membebaskan karbon
dioksida dalam proses respirasi.
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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Oxygen Is Needed For Respiration
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
To Show That Living Things Give Out Carbon
Dioxide During Respiration
Observation: Boiling tube Colour changes of the indicator
P Red to yellow
Q Red to yellow
R Remains unchanged
Conclusion: Living things release carbon dioxide during respiration.
Cockroach
Hydrogen carbonate indicator
Germinating
green beansWire
gauze
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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Oksigen Diperlukan Untuk Respirasi
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
Untuk Menunjukkan Benda Hidup Membebaskan
Karbon Dioksida Semasa Respirasi
Pemerhatian: Tabung didih Perubahan warna penunjuk
P Merah kepada kuning
Q Merah kepada kuning
R Warna kekal merah
Conclusion: Benda hidup membebaskan karbon dioksida dalam
proses respirasi.
Lipas
Penunjuk hidrogen karbonat
Biji benih
bercambahDawai
kasa
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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Oxygen Is Needed For Respiration
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
Composition Of Inhaled And Exhaled Air
Gas Inhaled air
Oxygen 21 %
Carbon dioxide 0.03 %
Exhaled air
16 %
4 %
Nitrogen 78 %
Inert gases 0.97 %
78 %
0.97 %
Water vapour Lesser More
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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Oksigen Diperlukan Untuk Respirasi
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
Komposisi Udara Sedutan dan Udara Hembusan
Gas Udara Sedutan
Oksigen 21 %
Karbon dioksida 0.03 %
Udara Hembusan
16 %
4 %
Nitrogen 78 %
Gas-gas nadir 0.97 %
78 %
0.97 %
Wap air Berkurang Bertambah
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5.4 Oxygen Is Needed For Combustion
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
ITeach Science Form 1
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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A chemical process that occurs when fuel is burnt in oxygen and
produces carbon dioxide and energy.
ITeach Science Form 1
Oxygen Is Needed For Combustion
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
Combustion
Combustion of carbon :
Carbon + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + Heatcombustion
Combustion of hydrocarbon :
Hydrocarbon + Oxygen Carbon dioxide + Water + Heatcombustion
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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Suantu proses kimia yang berlaku apabila bahan api terbakardengan kehadiran oksigen dan membebaskan karbon dioksida
dan tenaga haba
ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Oksigen Diperlukan Untuk Pembakaran
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
Pembakaran
Pembakaran karbon :
Karbon + Oksigen Karbon dioksida + Tenaga habapembakaran
Pembakaran hidrokarbon :
Hidrokarbon + Oksigen Karbon dioksida + Air + Tenaga Habapembakaran
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
Oxygen Is Needed For Combustion
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
The Importance
Of Combustion
Provides heat
Provides light
Transportation
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Oksigen Diperlukan Untuk Pembakaran
p g
Kepentingan
Pembakaran
Memberikan
haba
Memberikan
cahaya
Pengangkutan
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5.5 Air Pollution
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
ITeach Science Form 1
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
Air Pollution
p
Air Pollution
High Concentration of pollutants in air
Pollutants
Harmful substances that
are added in the air
Dust Smoke Pesticides
Nitrogen
oxide
Carbon
monoxide
Carbon
dioxide
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Pencemaran Udara
Pencemaran
Udara
Kepekatan bahan pencemar udara yang tinggi di udara
Bahan pencemar
Bahan berbahaya yang
terdapat di udara
Debu Asap Racun
serangga
Nitrogen
oksida
Karbon
monoksida
Karbon
dioksida
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
Air Pollution
Sources Of Air Pollutant
Combustion
Carbon dioxide
Dust
Smoke
Deforestation
Dust
Smoking
Carbon dioxide
Motor vehicles
Leaded fuels
Agricultural activity
Pesticide
Carbon dioxide
Industrial activity
Carbon monoxide
Sulphur dioxide
Carbon dioxide
Smoke
Carbon dioxide
Nicotine, tobacco, tar
Carbon dioxide
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Pencemaran Udarap g
Sumber Bahan Pencemar
Udara
Pembakaran
Karbon dioksida
Debu
Asap
Penebangan hutan
Debu
Rokok
Karbon dioksida
Kenderaan
Bahan api
berplumbum
Aktiviti pertanian
Racun serangga
Karbon dioksida
Aktiviti industri
Karbon monoksida
Sulfur dioksida
Karbon dioksida
Asap
Karbon dioksida
Nikotin, tembakau,
tar
Karbon dioksida
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
Air Pollution
Air Pollution Causes Health Problem
Smoke and dust respiratory disease
Carbon monoxide or nitrogen dioxide headache, dizziness, death
Sulphur dioxide bronchitis, pneumonia and lung cancer
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Science Form 1
Pencemaran Udara
Pencemaran Udara Menyebabkan Masalah
Kesihatan
Asap dan debu penyakit berkaitan pernafasan
Karbon monoksida atau nitrogen dioksida sakit kepala, pening,
kematian
Sulfur dioksida bronkitis, pneumonia dan kanser paru-paru
Bronkiol normal Bronkitis
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
Air Pollution
Air Pollution Causes Environmental Problem Acid Rain
Sulphur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide + rain acid rain
Water in ponds or river turns acidic aquatic plants and animal die
Corrodes and damages buildings
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Pencemaran Udara
Pencemaran Udara Menyebabkan Masalah Alam Sekitar-
Hujan Asid
Sulfur dioksida atau nitrogen dioksida + hujan hujan asid
Air kolam dan sungai menjadi berasid tumbuhan dan haiwan akuatik
mati
Menghakis dan memusnahkan bangunan
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
Air Pollution
Air Pollution Causes Environmental Problem
Thinning Of The Ozone Layer
Chlorofluorocarbon ( CFC ) destroy the ozone layer
Allow more ultraviolet rays to reach the earth
Causes skin cancer and damage our eyes
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Pencemaran Udara
Pencemaran Udara Menyebabkan Masalah Alam Sekitar
Penipisan Lapisan Ozon
KlorofluoroKarbon ( CFC ) memusnahkan lapisan ozon
Menyebabkan lebih banyak sinar ultaungu sampai ke bumi
Menyebabkan kanser kulit dan merosakkan mata
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
Air Pollution
Air Pollution Causes Environmental Problem
The Greenhouse Effect
Carbon dioxide prevents heat from the Earth from escaping into space
Increase of the Earths temperature causes global warming
orgreenhouse effect
Melting of ice at the poles causes rising sea levels
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Pencemaran Udara
Pencemaran Udara Menyebabkan Masalah Alam Sekitar
Kesan Rumah Hijau
Karbon dioksida menghalang haba daripada Bumi terbebas ke angkasa
Peningkatan suhu Bumi menyebabkan pemanasan global atau kesan
rumah hijau
Ais di kutub melebur menyebabkan peningkatan paras air laut
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5.6 The Importance of Keeping The Air Clean
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
ITeach Science Form 1
Th I f K i Th Ai Cl
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
The Importance of Keeping The Air Clean
The Importance of Keeping
The Air Clean
To ensure the survival of
human being and other
living organisms
To maintain and
guarantee the good
health of the community
K ti M k lk K b ih Ud
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Science Form 1
Kepentingan Mengekalkan Kebersihan Udara
Kepentingan Mengekalkan
Kebersihan Udara
Untuk memastikan
kemandirian manusia
dan organisma hidup
yang lain
Untuk mengekalkan dan
menjamin kesihatan
manusia
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K ti M k lk K b ih Ud
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Kepentingan Mengekalkan Kebersihan Udara
Langkah-Langkah
Untuk Menghalang
Dan Mencegah
Pencemaran Udara
Masyarakat
Elakkan pembakaran terbuka.
Guna semula, kitar semula dan kurangkan
Industri
Gunakan petrol tidak berplumbum
Gunakan gas mesra ozon
Membina corong tinggi bagi kilang
Perundangan
Menguatkuasakan undang-undang baru
Pendidikan
Kempen, seminar, aktiviti atau iklan
melalui media masa
Th I t f K i Th Ai Cl
Topic 5 The Air Around Us
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ITeach Science Form 1
The Importance of Keeping The Air Clean
Ways To Keep
The Air Clean
Reduce the use of air-
conditioner
Avoid open burning
Stop smoking
Plant more trees for
reforestation
Use public transport
(LRT, Commuter train)
Recycle, reuse,reduce.
Car pool
Kepentingan Mengekalkan Kebersihan Udara
Topik 5 Udara Disekeliling Kita
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ITeach Sains Tingkatan 1
Kepentingan Mengekalkan Kebersihan Udara
Cara-CaraMengekalkan
Udara Bersih
Kurangkan
penggunaan
penyaman udara
Elakkan pembakaran
terbuka
Berhenti merokok
Penanaman semula
tumbuhan
Gunakan
pengangkutan awam
(LRT, komuter)
Kitar semula, guna
semula dan kurangkan
Perkongsian kereta
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The End
i - Teach