Organization9/08/2015

Mr. Kroesch 8J English

Why?Organization is how we lead audiences

through our writing and creates a unified feel to the workEnhances comprehensionGuides reader’s processing of informationMakes writing process flow smoothly

Styles of OrganizationChronological PatternsSequential PatternsSpatial PatternsCompare-Contrast PatternsAdvantages- Disadvantages PatternsCause-Effect PatternsProblem-Solution PatternsTopical Patterns

ChronologicalPresents information in order of events based

on timeFirst Event -> Second Event -> Third Event

Variations include:"past-present-future“"before-during-after“

Most commonly used for narratives and historic event papers

Chronological ExampleIntroductionI. 1895 - 1920

Significant Event # 1Significant Event # 2

II. 1920 - 1945Significant Event # 1Significant Event # 2

Conclusion

SequentialArranges events in order of completion,

similar to chronologic but without time needed

Main events can be broken down into sub-events based on importance

Most useful for describing processes (how-to speeches)

Sequential Example I: Harvest the grapes

Harvesting procedure number one Harvesting procedure number two

II. Step Two: Prepare the grapes Preparation procedure number one Preparation procedure number two

III. Step Three: Ferment the grapes Fermenting procedure number one Fermenting procedure number two

IV. Step Four: Press the grapes Pressing procedure number one Pressing procedure number two

V. Step Five: Age the wine Aging procedure number one Aging procedure number two

SpacialOrganizes information based on location

Usually goes from a larger area to a smaller area

Leads the audience through the information as if giving a tour

Good for describing physical locations

Spacial ExampleI. Downtown Waterfront

AquariumPike Place Market

II. Seattle CenterSpace NeedlePacific Science Center

III. University DistrictUniversity of Washington campusThe "Ave" (Shops on University Avenue)

Compare-ContrastTakes two or more things and discusses their

similarities and differencesStill divided by topic (for example: size, color,

uses)Useful for discussing two similar, but

different subjects

C/C ExampleColleges

I. Cost of Tuition Two-year Four-year

II. Quality of Education Two-year Four-year

III. Educational Programs Two-year Four-year

Advantage/DisadvantageLooks at a single topic

Discusses the “good” and “bad” aspects in each paragraph

Usually used in personal opinion writingUsually good for OBJECTIVE writing

Objective: without personal persuasion or bias

A/D ExampleStill Talking about College

I. Advantages  Cost Accessibility

II. Disadvantages Number of educational programs Quality of instruction

Problem/SolutionAddresses a single subjectDivides main body into two sections

ProblemSolution

Useful for writing about topical issues and persuasive writing

P/S ExampleI. Problem: Motorized Transportation

Increasing traffic congestionIncreasing pollutionIncreasing "road rage" from traffic-related stress

II. Solution: Riding BicyclesBike riding reduces the number of motorized

vehicles in useBike riding is not a source of pollutionBike riding has physical and psychological

health benefits

Topical OrganizationTakes a very broad subject and breaks it

down into specific sub-topicsUsed for very general informative writing

about very large topicsEach sub-topic provides similar information

to maintain consistency in writing

Topical Example I. Red Wines

A. European Bordeaux Burgundy Chianti

B. Californian Cabernet Sauvignon Pinot Noir Zinfandel

II. White Wines A. European

Bordeaux Burgundy Mosel

B. Californian Sauvignon Blanc Chardonnay Riesling

Your Task!Complete an outline for the following topicsPlan as if you’re writing a four paragraph

essay about the topics1. A paper discussing three different types of

sports2. Writing about your first day of school in

Bloomington3. Discuss how you would solve the problem of

gross food being served at your school for lunch