9-1-12 biblical hermeneutics presentation

Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Biblical Hermeneutics Grammatical-Historical Overview

Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton

Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Biblical Hermeneutics Table of Content Overview

Table of Content 1Study of Supporting Peripheral areas Affecting HermeneuticsPersonal IntroductionGoalObjective'sCourse IntroductionWho should take this courseHermeneutically Teaching the WordMerrill C Tenny QuoteTerms to be Familiar With What is HermeneuticsWhat is ExegesisWhat is EisegesisWhat do you think about the state of todays church (Movie)Bible knowledge SurveyDiscerning the Will of GodObjections to learning proper Bible InterpretationThe Internal Claims of ScriptureBiblical Spiritual Qualifications of an InterpreterEXPECT PERSECUTION FOR SPEAKING BIBLICAL TRUTH Why are there so many different Christian Bible interpretations?


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*

Table of Content Overview 2Study of Hermeneutics INTERPRETING THE BIBLE OBJECTIVELY (Movie)Which Bible Version to Study FromWhat is Hermeneutics Source of Biblical InterpretationBenefits of HermeneuticsInappropriate Methods by Dr. Bob Utley, Professor of Hermeneutics(Retired)The Interpretation ProcessThe Language of the BibleThe Literal Interpretation Principle of the Bible Types and AntitypesThe Grammatical PrincipleThe Cultural PrincipleThe Contextual PrincipleThe Historical PrincipleScripture Interprets Scripture PrincipleThe Progressive Principle The Accommodation Principle



Table of Content Overview 3Study of Hermeneutics The One Interpretation Principle The Harmony of Scripture Principle The Genre Figures of Speech in the Bible Interpretation of Prophecy Principles 1Interpreting Prophecy according to the law of double referenceInterpretation of Prophecy Language PrincipleInterpretation of Prophecy Historical Background PrincipleInterpretation of Prophecy Passage Parallel PrincipleTypes and Antitypes References used for this Presentation Recommended Books / Websites


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*GoalReduce Biblical Ignorance among Believers

http://www.theologicalstudies.org/page/page/1572910.htm


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Objectives Enable believers:To defend the faith (2 Pet 3:15)To contend for the faith (Jude 3)Prepare for discipleship and teaching work (Matt 28:19)To enable believers to correctly interpret scripture on their own Correctly discern between good and evil (1 John 4:1, Eph 4:14, Heb 5:13-14) To equip and build others within the church (Eph 4:11-12, Acts 18:24-26)


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Introduction

The fact that God has spoken in Holy Scripture is at the heart of our faith.

Therefore its important for us to make certain what God has said

This task should not be approached carelessly or half heartily but with fear, trembling and prudence

Upon the correct interpretation of the Bible rests the doctrine of the foundation of our faith i.e., doctrinal understanding of person of Christ, salvation, sanctification, the nature of God, the study of prophecy and other important biblical doctrines and ultimately our eternal destiny

The correct interpretation can be done only if we have carefully, thoroughly and systematically apply the system of bible interpretation which will yield the meaning that the bible writer intended to convey as they wrote under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*IntroductionFurther, we need to know the correct method of Biblical Interpretation so that we do not confuse the voice of God with that of man

This should leads us to the questions: How do we bridge the linguistic, cultural, and historical gaps between us today and that of the writers of the Bible

What are the guiding principles that will help us build the bridge as we address these gaps?


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Introduction In order for the local church to grow in grace and knowledge of God's word, remain healthy, be ready to address an every changing culture, remain strong during times of adversity. Gods whole eternal truth must be consistency taught by its servants, obeyed in the walk of life, expressed in worship, utilized in the work of service.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Hermeneutically Teaching the Word

There is a distinct difference between preaching and teaching.

"Preaching" (Greek: ceruse) is to proclaim, publish, or herald the Good News. Teaching (Greek didask, did-as-ko) is to systematically and objectively instruct, guide, and apply others through the Word of God. With the direction of the Holy Spirit, both can ultimately lead to a person's salvation.

In general, preaching should be used for the unsaved while teaching should be used for the saved. In comparing the two, the Bible clearly places greater emphasis on teaching over preaching. Jesus himself was often times referred to as "Teacher" (Matt. 8:19, 12:38, 19:16, 22:24) or "Rabbi" (John 1:38). Additionally, many New Testament passages allude to teaching more clearly: "Command and teach these things." (1 Timothy 4:11)

"You must teach what is in accord with sound doctrine." (Titus 2:1)

"Those who oppose him he must gently instruct..." (2 Timothy 2:25)

However, we are not to neglect preaching. Jesus tells us to, "Go into all the world and preach the good news to all creation." (Mark 16:15). Paul tells us to, "Preach the Word; be prepared in season and out of season, correct, rebuke and encourage -- with great patience and careful instruction." (2 Timothy 4:2)

Within our society today one can clearly see two distinct types of pastors and ministers within our churches. There are those who "preach" the Word Then there are those who "teach" the Word.

The Study of Hermeneutics can and will enable the servant in the Lord to be a workman thats equip to perform the ministry God call has called them to. (2 Tim 2:15) A teacher or preacher who employs hermeneutics no doubt will be more effective for the cause of Christ in both preaching and teaching believers. (Eph4:11-12) (http://www.bibleteacher.org/con_4.htm)


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Who should take this course All of those who have been Born again by the Spirit of God so that we may effectively engage in the good works of God in which we where save to serve in. (Eph 2:10)


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*"The Bible was written in an environment that is now unfamiliar to most of its readers. The individual realization of the modern world with its new facilities, products, and problems is quite different from the social and economic conditions described in the Bible. Some of its language is puzzling, and can easily be misconstrued if one does not have some explanation of the ancient background." Merrill C. Tenney Keep in Mind


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Terms to Be familiar with Hermeneutics

Exegesis

Eisegesis


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*What is Hermeneutics

Hermeneutics is the science and art of biblical interpretation to discover what the authors intended meaning was, when he wrote under the inspiration of the Holy Spirit.

It is a science because there exists a systematic, mechanical, and formulated approach to the interpretation process. It is an art because it involves an individual's talent, skills, and knowledge to perform the task of interpreting the Scriptures.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*"What is Biblical Exegesis?" Exegesis is the application of hermeneutics which seeks to extract from the Scriptural text that meaning which is already present. (Roy B. Zuck, Basic Bible Interpretation, p.22)

Good biblical exegesis is actually commanded in scripture. Study [be diligent] to show thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth (2 Timothy 2:15).


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Eisegesis Eisegesis - A subjective method of interpretation by which one introduces their own opinions into the text. This typically is done at the expense of either the language (Hebrew, Greek) and or context of passage or the historical setting or the context of the subject as found in the whole of scripture

Avoid this method at all Cost


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*What do you think about the state of todays church?

The purpose of showing you this video is give you a sense a mission and focus as it pertains to the study of Hermeneutics


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Bible knowledge Survey 1According to a Gallup Poll: Only half of adults interviewed nationwide could name any of the four Gospels of the NewTestament.

Just 37% of those interviewed could name all four Gospels.

Only 42% of adults were able to name as many as five of the Ten Commandments correctly.

Seven in ten (70%) were able to name the town where Jesus was born, but just 42% could identify him as the person who delivered the Sermon on the Mount.http://www.theologicalstudies.org/page/page/1572910.htm


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Bible knowledge Survey 2 Researcher George Barna has also documented the lack of Bible knowledge in the United States:

38% of Americans believe the entire Bible was written several decades after Jesus' death and resurrection (While this is true of the New Testament, the entire Old Testament was written hundreds of years before the birth of Jesus Christ).

12% of adults believe that Noah's wife was Joan of Arc.

49% believe that the Bible teaches that money is the root of all evil. (The love of money is said to be the root of all types of evil).

75% believe that the Bible teaches that God helps those who help themselves. 10 http://www.theologicalstudies.org/page/page/1572910.htm


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Bible knowledge Survey 3Consider the following statistics regarding born again believers:[1] 35% believe that Jesus Christ was crucified but He never had a physical resurrection 28% believe that when Jesus Christ lived on earth He committed sins46% claim that Satan is not a living being but is a symbol of evil.1/3 believes if a person is good enough, then he or she earn a place in Heaven.1 out of 4 believes it doesnt matter what faith you follow because all religions teach the same lessons.52% reject the existence of the Holy Spirit.Only 5% adults have a biblical worldview. Only 9% born between the yrs. 1984-2002 base their moral choices on the Bible.Only 32% born between the yrs. 1965-1983 say that moral truth is absolute. [1] The Barna Group of Ventura, California: www.barna.org


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Discerning the Will of God as to the need for Accurate Biblical Interpretation (1)1 Chron 12:3232Of the sons of Issachar, men who understood the times, with knowledge of what Israel should do, (i.e. what God wanted to accomplish)

Eph 5:15-1715 See then that ye walk circumspectly, not as fools, but as wise, 16 Redeeming the time, because the days are evil. 17 Wherefore be ye not unwise, but understanding what the will of the Lord is. (i.e. what God wants to accomplish through us)


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Discerning the Will of God as to the need for Accurate Biblical Interpretation (2)Discerning the Will of God Keeping in mind the points discussed in the video; the Gallop Poll survey and Barna surveys and lets discuss the will of God using 1 Chron 12:32 and Eph 5:15-17 to understanding the mind of God for the times we live and the course of action that we should be pursuing.

1 Chron 12:3232Of the sons of Issachar, men who understood the times, with knowledge of what Israel should do,

Understood = biynah / bee-naw n comes from the root Hebrew verb bene. The verb and its derivatives are used 247 times. The background idea of the verb is to discern

The men of Issachar were the fewest of all, only 200.

They understood the natural times:, could discern the face of the sky, were weather-wise, could advise their neighbors in the proper times for ploughing, sowing reaping, etc.

They understood the ceremonial times: the hour that Or the ceremonial times, the times appointed for the solemn feasts; therefore they are said to call the people to the mountain (Deut 33:19) to offer sac sacrifices of righteousness. In this critical juncture they knew Israel ought to make David king. It was not only expedient, but necessary; the present posture of affairs called for it.

Application :They had discerned Gods will in this matter. These were people who saw with prophetic vision and responded with action. Just as we should respond in the same spiritrightly discerning the need foraccurate Biblical interpretation.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Discerning the Will of God as to the need for Accurate Biblical Interpretation (3)In Eph 5:15-17 Paul tells the church at Ephesus and by way of application the church individually and universal to understand what the will of God is and act accordingly just as the men of Issachar. Eph 5:15-1715 See then that ye walk circumspectly, not as fools, but as wise, 16 Redeeming the time, because the days are evil. 17 Wherefore be ye not unwise, but understanding what the will of the Lord is. (i.e. what God wants to accomplish through us)

How to Walk Eph 5:15 15 See then that ye walk circumspectly, not as fools, but as wise, See is blep, to discern mentally, observe perceive, consider, contemplate, look to in the sense of taking care, take heed.

Walk is peripate, to order ones behavior, to conduct ones self.

Circumspectly is akribs - akreeboce , exactly, accurately, carefully. Believers then, are to walk (live) carefully, so as to be wise or skillful and thus please the Lord. The manner for this careful, precise walk is making the right use of every opportunity

Can be translated , Be constantly taking heed how accurately you are conducting yourselves. That is, see to it that your conduct is accurate with respect to the demands of the Word of God.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Discerning the Will of God as to the need for Accurate Biblical Interpretation (4)Objective of the Walk 16 Redeeming the time, because the days are evil.

16 Redeeming is exagoraz - exagoradzo, (The middle voice indicates the subject performing an action upon himself (reflexive action) or for his own benefit. E.g., The boy groomed himself) . to buy up.

Therefore In the middle voice as it is used here, it means, to buy up for ones self or ones advantage. Metaphorically, it means, to make a wise and sacred use of every opportunity for doing good,

Time kairos - kaheeros (), time as regarded in its strategic. The idea is taking advantage of the opportunities that present themselves. The right time; a limited period of time.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Discerning the Will of God as to the need for Accurate Biblical Interpretation (5)The reason for redeeming the time

V 15 Redeeming the time, because the days are evil.Evil - poneros /ponayros , evil in active opposition to the good, pernicious . Evil is always aggressive in its opposition to good

Our redemption of the time is of special significance as we approach the end of the church

The use of the word time indicates opportunity is limited accordingly to the duration of the presented oppportunity


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Discerning the Will of God as to the need for Accurate Biblical Interpretation (6)17 Wherefore be ye not unwise, but understanding what the will of the Lord is. (i.e. what God wants to accomplish through us)

(5:17) WhereFore or By Ye - Mood ImperativeThe imperative mood corresponds to the English imperative, and expresses a command

Example Jesus phrase, Repent ye, and believe the gospel (Mk.1:15) is not at all an invitation, but an absolute command requiring full obedience on the part of all hearers.

Unwise is aphrn (), without reason, senseless, foolish, stupid, without reflection or intelligence, acting rashly.

Understanding is sunimi (), to set or bring together, to put the perception with the thing perceived, to set or join together in the mind, thus, to understand. The word speaks of reflective thinking.

The active voice represents the subject as the doer or performer of the action. e.g., in the sentence, The boy hit the ball, the boy performs the action.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Summary of why we need to Discern the Will of God as to the need for Accurate Biblical InterpretationThere are 4 four points I would like to bring to your attention:

Point 1 The ability to correctly analyze situations through discernment is what is required and should be a normal part of the Christian life. Just as it was for the men of Issachar, so should it be for those who are born again believers.

Point 2Its imperative that we understand what God wants to accomplish through us. The conception of the will of God is the basis and purpose of salvation; In other words God save you for a reason according to his will and for his purpose.

Point 3 The new life of believers through the new birth is conducive and created to understanding and doing the divine will of God.

Point 4 God commands that we act in accordance to his will

Point 5AS we approach the end of the age there will be teachers instructors, laity who will shine brightly like the brightness of the expanse of heaven, and those who lead the many to righteousness (Dan 12:3), these will understand Dan 12:10e) how to redeem the time.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Objections to learning proper Bible InterpretationChristians who don't know the rules of Bible Interpretation will still benefit on reading the Bible. Many Bible verses are so simple and clear that our bigger problem today is not interpreting the difficult verses but obeying those parts of the Bible that we clearly understand.

Objections"Having rules in Bible Interpretation will take the Bible away from the common or not highly educated Christians. Some Christians don't believe that there are certain rules that they need to apply in Bible interpretation other than just reading and praying for guidance. They feel that such rules will take their right to be able to understand the Bible on their own, and that they will have to depend on scholars or experts to explain the Bible for them. First, proper interpretation only requires more time studying and a little common sense. An average Christian who can read and follow simple instructions can understand and apply the principles and guidelines of proper interpretation.

Second, these guidelines and principles will give everybody the tools needed to objectively question and make an educated criticism on different interpretations of the Bible today, even those made by Bible experts. Thus heightening ones level and ability to discern biblical truth from error.

You will no longer be forced to follow a doctrine or a teaching that you feel is not an accurate interpretation of the Word of God, just because it is being taught by a "teacher" or an "expert". Or is just part of a particular denominational teaching.Information from site http://www.bible-interpretation.com used as a base.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Internal Claims of the Importance of ScriptureThe source of Scripture GOD:

Over 3800 times the bible says, God said 2 Timothy 3:16-17 ... "All Scripture is inspired by God and profitable for teaching, for reproof, for correction, for training in righteousness; 17 that the man of God may be adequate, equipped for every good work.

2 Peter 1:20-21... "But know this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture is a matter of ones own interpretation, 21 for no prophecy was ever made by an act of human will, but men moved by the Holy Spirit spoke from God.

The Vitality of Scripture

Hebrews 4:12... "For the Word of God is living and active and sharper than any two-edged sword, and piercing as far as the division of soul and spirit, of both joints and marrow, and able to judge the thoughts and intentions of the heart.Continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Internal Claims of the Importance of ScriptureThe Priority / Authority of Scripture in the life of the believer Matt 4:4 It is written, Man shall not live on bread alone, but on every word that proceeds out of the mouth of God.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Light of Scripture

Ps 119:105 - Your word is a lamp to my feet And a light to my path. The Warning of Scripture

Isaiah 8:20 - To the law and to the testimony: if they speak not according to this word, it is because there is no light in them.

2 John 9 - Anyone who goes too far and does not abide in the teaching of Christ, does not have God; the one who abides in the teaching, he has both the Father and the Son. 1 Tim 4:16a- Pay close attention to yourself and to your teaching; persevere in these things The Internal Claims of the Importance of Scripture


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Internal Claims of the Importance of ScriptureThe Eternal Nature of Scripture 1 Pet 1:24-2524For, All flesh is like grass, And all its glory like the flower of grass. The grass withers, And the flower falls off, 25But the word of the Lord endures forever. And this is the word which was preached to you. Cf Is 40:6-8


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Biblical Spiritual Qualifications of an Interpreter(1)Spiritual qualifications have an important place in the list of qualifications and cannot be overstated.

The interpreter must have the same spirit (Holy Spirit) which enabled the writers to understand their revelation from God and to record it

1 Cor 2:14-1614But a natural man does not accept the things of the Spirit of God, for they are foolishness to him; and he cannot understand them, because they are spiritually appraised.15But he who is spiritual appraises all things, yet he himself is appraised by no one.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Biblical Spiritual Qualifications of an Interpreter(2)Must be Born again (John 3:3) cf (1 Corinthians 2:14)

Must have a zeal that consumes: and enthusiasm that breeds both reverence and productivity of the things of God

1 Pet 2:1-2 1 Wherefore laying aside all malice, and all guile, and hypocrisies, and envies, and all evil speakings, 2 As newborn babes, desire the sincere milk of the word, that ye may grow thereby

Long/ desire (epipotheo /epeepotheho ) - deeply desire; have great affection for to long for something with a deep desire implication of recognizing a lack 2 to pursue with love 3 to lust, harbor forbidden desire.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Biblical Spiritual Qualifications of an Interpreter(3)Must have a deep reverence for God ()Prov 9:10 10 The fear of the LORD is the beginning of wisdom: and the knowledge of the holy is understanding Must depend on the Holy Spirit to empower you to deliver Gods Word

(Acts 1:8)but you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you; andyou shall be My witnesses both in Jerusalem, and in all Judea andSamaria, and even to the remotest part of the earth.

Must be teachable Prov 1:55 A wise man will hear, and will increase learning; and a man of understanding shall attain unto wise counsels:Prov 9:99 Give instruction to a wise man, and he will be yet wiser: teach a just man, and he will increase in learning.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*EXPECT PERSECUTION FOR SPEAKING BIBLICAL TRUTHAccursed as being a divider and trouble makers when standing up for Biblical truth within the church

Kings 18:16-1816So Obadiah went to meet Ahab and told him; and Ahab went to meet Elijah. 17When Ahab saw Elijah, Ahab said to him, Is this you, you troubler of Israel? 18 He said, I have not troubled Israel, but you and your fathers house have, because you have forsaken the commandments of the Lord and you have followed the Baals.

John 15:18-19 18 If the world hates you, you know that it hated Me before it hated you.19 If you were of the world, the world would love its own. Yet because you are not of the world, but I chose you out of the world, therefore the world hates you


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Why are there so many different Christian interpretations? Unbelief No spiritual life:1 Cor 2:14 But the natural man receiveth not the things of the Spirit of God: for they are foolishness unto him: neither can he know them, because they are spiritually discerned.

Tares among WheatMatt 13:24-3024Jesus presented another parable to them, saying, The kingdom of heaven may be compared to a man who sowed good seed in his field. 25But while his men were sleeping, his enemy came and sowed tares among the wheat, and went away. 26But when the wheat sprouted and bore grain, then the tares became evident also. 27The slaves of the landowner came and said to him, Sir, did you not sow good seed in your field? How then does it have tares? 28And he said to them, An enemy has done this! The slaves said to him, Do you want us, then, to go and gather them up? 29But he *said, No; for while you are gathering up the tares, you may uproot the wheat with them. 30Allow both to grow together until the harvest; and in the time of the harvest I will say to the reapers, First gather up the tares and bind them in bundles to burn them up; but gather the wheat into my barn.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Tares


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Why are there so many different Christian interpretations?

Satanic blindness: 2 Cor 4:3-43 And even if our gospel is veiled, it is veiled to those who are perishing, 4 in whose case the god of this world has blinded the minds of the unbelieving so that they might not see the light of the gospel of the glory of Christ, who is the image of God.

1 John 5:1919We know that we are of God, and that the whole world lies in the power of the evil one.Continue



How Satan Blinds the MindContinueTares that Satan has planted in the church are dead in trespasses and sin (Eph 2:1) While in this state their habitual behavior/ walk is according to the world system and its wisdom of which they speak from (1 John 4:5) The characteristics of the worlds wisdom is said to be earthy, natural and demonic (James 3:15) While in a state of unbelief the god of this world works through them to accomplish his will (Eph 2:2) They are under his control (1 John 5:19b) That is not to say all those outside of Christ are possessed by demonic spirits in the common use of the term, but it is to say all men everywhere who are not in Christ an obedient to him are and can be influenced by Satan


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Those who walk in unbelief, walk according to the world system (1 John 4:5), its wisdom (James 3:15) and according to the God of this world (Eph 2:1, 1 Jn 5:19)



Cultural (World System) inroads into the church Teachers Speaking from the world system1 John 4:55They are from the world; therefore they speak as from the world, and the world listens to them. Teachers that have a hostility toward GodJames 4:4 4You adulteresses, do you not know that friendship with the world is hostility toward God? Therefore whoever wishes to be a friend of the world makes himself an enemy of God. Teachers that have a love for the things of the world1 John 2:15-1715 Do not love the world nor the things in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. 16 For all that is in the world, the lust of the flesh and the lust of the eyes and the boastful pride of life, is not from the Father, but is from the world. 17The world is passing away, and also its lusts; but the one who does the will of God lives forever. Continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Why are there so many different Christian interpretations?Carnal Blindness 1 Cor 3:1-3 1And I, brethren, could not speak to you as to spiritual men, but as to men of flesh, as to infants in Christ.

2I gave you milk to drink, not solid food; for you were not yet able to receive it. Indeed, even now you are not yet able,

3for you are still fleshly. For since there is jealousy and strife among you, are you not fleshly, and are you not walking like mere men? Continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Why are there so many different Christian interpretations?Lack of training 2 Peter 3:16

16as also in all his letters, speaking in them of these things, in which are some things hard to understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they do also the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction.

He attributes their spurious teachings, in part, to the fact that they are untaught Untaught - amathes /amathace/] adj: adjective pertaining to one who has not acquired a formal education, and hence with the implication of being stupid and ignorantuneducated, unlearned, ignorant.

Timothy is told to study to show yourself approved unto God (2 Tim 2:15) dokimos - In the ancient world there was no banking system as we know it today, and no paper money. All money was made from metal, heated until liquid, poured into moulds and allowed to cool. When the coins were cooled, it was necessary to smooth off the uneven edges. The coins were comparatively soft and of course many people shaved them closely. In one century, more than eighty laws were passed in Athens, to stop the practice of shaving down the coins then in circulation. But some money changers were men of integrity, who would accept no counterfeit money. They were men of honor who put only genuine full weighted money into circulation. Such men were called dokimos or approved. Donald Barnhouse. There is no shortcut to proper biblical understanding; we are commanded to study and be taught by those God has given to the church to equip us.

Continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Why are there so many different Christian interpretations?Those who teach that are Unstable

2 Peter 3:16as also in all his letters, speaking in them of these things, in which are some things hard to understand, which the untaught and unstable distort, as they do also the rest of the Scriptures, to their own destruction.

Unstable - [asteriktos /astayriktos/] adj: adjective - pertaining to the tendency to change and waver in ones views and attitudesunstable. Distort - strebloo /strebloo: to twist, turn awry. 2 to torture, put to the rack.

Poor hermeneutics or non at all 2 Tim 2:15Study to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth. Heretical teaching 2 John 9 Whosoever transgresseth, and abideth not in the doctrine of Christ, hath not God. He that abideth in the doctrine of Christ, he hath both the Father and the Son. Continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Why are there so many different Christian interpretations? Failure to declare the whole counsel of God as an antidote to the doctrine of savage wolves. Acts 20:27-32 (see Acts 20:17-32 for full context)27 For I did not shrink from declaring to you the whole purpose of God. 28 Be on guard for yourselves and for all the flock, among which the Holy Spirit has made you overseers, to shepherd the church of God which He purchased with His own blood. 29 I know that after my departure savage wolves will come in among you, not sparing the flock; 30 and from among your own selves men will arise, speaking perverse things, to draw away the disciples after them. 31Therefore be on the alert, remembering that night and day for a period of three years I did not cease to admonish each one with tears. 32And now I commend you to God and to the word of His grace, which is able to build you up and to give you the inheritance among all those who are sanctified. Continue



Selfishness / Pride / Arrogance 2 Chron 26:16-19 (Uzziah)16But when he became strong, his heart was so proud that he acted corruptly, and he was unfaithful to the Lord his God, for he entered the temple of the Lord to burn incense on the altar of incense. 17Then Azariah the priest entered after him and with him eighty priests of the Lord, valiant men. 18They opposed Uzziah the king and said to him, It is not for you, Uzziah, to burn incense to the Lord, but for the priests, the sons of Aaron who are consecrated to burn incense. Get out of the sanctuary, for you have been unfaithful and will have no honor from the Lord God. 19But Uzziah, with a censer in his hand for burning incense, was enraged; and while he was enraged with the priests, the leprosy broke out on his forehead before the priests in the house of the Lord, beside the altar of incense. 20Azariah the chief priest and all the priests looked at him, and behold, he was leprous on his forehead; and they hurried him out of there, and he himself also hastened to get out because the Lord had smitten him.

Beware of the selfish ambition that places oneself above GOD, and the pride that appropriates His glory. Understand that these are characteristic traits of Satan's rebellion which transformed him into the enemy GOD. Isaiah14:12-21Why are there so many different Christian interpretations?


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Why are there so many different Christian interpretations?Failure to mature: 1 Cor 3:1-2 1 And I, brethren, could not speak to you as to spiritual men, but as to men of flesh, as to infants in Christ. 2 I gave you milk to drink, not solid food; for you were not yet able to receive it. Indeed, even now you are not yet able, Heb 5:11-14 11Concerning him we have much to say, and it is hard to explain, since you have become dull of hearing. 12For though by this time you ought to be teachers, you have need again for someone to teach you the elementary principles of the oracles of God, and you have come to need milk and not solid food. 13For everyone who partakes only of milk is not accustomed to the word of righteousness, for he is an infant. 14But solid food is for the mature, who because of practice have their senses trained to discern good and evil. Heb 6:1-3 1Therefore leaving the elementary teaching about the Christ, let us press on to maturity, not laying again a foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God, 2of instruction about washings and laying on of hands, and the resurrection of the dead and eternal judgment. 3And this we will do, if God permits. Continue



Undue emphasis on tradition Mark 7:1-13 1The Pharisees and some of the scribes gathered around Him when they had come from Jerusalem, 2and had seen that some of His disciples were eating their bread with impure hands, that is, unwashed. 3(For the Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat unless they carefully wash their hands, thus observing the traditions of the elders; 4and when they come from the market place, they do not eat unless they cleanse themselves; and there are many other things which they have received in order to observe, such as the washing of cups and pitchers and copper pots.) 5The Pharisees and the scribes *asked Him, Why do Your disciples not walk according to the tradition of the elders, but eat their bread with impure hands? 6And He said to them, Rightly did Isaiah prophesy of you hypocrites, as it is written: This people honors Me with their lips, But their heart is far away from Me. 7But in vain do they worship Me, Teaching as doctrines the precepts of men. 8Neglecting the commandment of God, you hold to the tradition of men. 9He was also saying to them, You are experts at setting aside the commandment of God in order to keep your tradition. 10For Moses said, Honor your father and your mother; and, He who speaks evil of father or mother, is to be put to death; 11but you say, If a man says to his father or his mother, whatever I have that would help you is Corban (that is to say, given to God), 12you no longer permit him to do anything for his father or his mother; 13thus invalidating the word of God by your tradition which you have handed down; and you do many things such as that. Col 2:88 See to it that no one takes you captive through philosophy and empty deception, according to the tradition of men, according to the elementary principles of the world, rather than according to Christ.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*To quote the Obvious It is clear that believers and unbelievers will not have the same goals, aspirations and love for one another. Thus heightening the friction between the two groups


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Why are there so many different Christian interpretations?Our Humanness; we are not infallible


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*INTERPRETING THE BIBLE OBJECTIVELY [6]



Which Version to Study from** MORE INTERPRETATIVE: For the most objective, non-biased and "pure" inductive study, do not use paraphrased versions as your primary resource, for they provide no way to determine whether or not the translator's interpretation of the original Greek and Hebrew is accurate. The more literal versions such as NAS, ESV, KJV, NKJV more accurately render the words of the original biblical authors and are therefore recommended for inductive Bible study. http://preceptaustin.org/the_key_inductive_bible_study.htm#BIBLE VERSIONS: CHART

BIBLE VERSIONS COMPARISON OF LITERALNESS

MORE LITERALLESS INTERPRETATIVE MORE WORD FOR WORDMORE PARAPHRASEMORE INTERPRETATIVE**MORE CONCEPT FOR CONCEPTYoung'sLiteralNASASVAmpESVKJV NKJV NRSVNABNIV NJBNCVICBNLTPhillipsGNTCEV TLBMsgNAS = New American Standard Amp = Amplified Version ASV = Authorized Standard Version 1901 ESV = English Standard Version KJV = King James Version NKJV = New King James VersionYoungs Literal TranslationNRSV = New Revised Std Version NAB = New American Bible NJB = New Jerusalem Bible NIV = New International Version NCV = New Century Version ICB = International Children's BibleNLT = New Living Translation Phillips = J B Phillips Paraphrase GNT = Good News Translation CEV = Contemporary English Version TLB = The Living Bible MSG = The Message not recommended


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Hermeneutics


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*What is HermeneuticsHermeneutics is the science and art of biblical interpretation to discover what the authors intended meaning was, when he wrote under the influence of the Holy Spirit.

It is a science because there exists a systematic, mechanical, and formulated approach to the interpretation process.

It is an art because it involves an individual's talent, skills, and knowledge to perform the task of interpreting the Scriptures.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Source of Biblical Interpretation (Hermeneutics)These principles are embedded in the scripture itself. The Bible interprets itself (scripture interprets scripture).


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Benefits of HermeneuticsCorrect Biblical Interpretation is Paramount in order to:

provide an objective, Biblical World view understanding of what God has said to us through His written word.

to put aside any denominational, unscriptural traditions, personal opinions, geographical, or cultural reasoning that separate our minds from that of the writers of the Bible so that we can understand what God is saying be equipped ourselves for every good work (2 Tim 3:16-17)


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Inappropriate Methods by Dr. Bob Utley, Professor of Hermeneutics(Retired) Ignoring the literary context of the books of the Bible and using every sentence, clause, or even individual words as statements of truth unrelated to the authors intent or the larger context. This is often called proof-texting.

B. Ignoring the historical setting of the books by substituting a supposed historical setting that has little or no support from the text itself.

C. Ignoring the historical setting of the books and reading it as the morning hometown newspaper written primarily to modern individual Christians.

D. Ignoring the historical setting of the books by allegorizing the text into a philosophical / theological message totally unrelated to the first hearers and the original authors intent.

E. Ignoring the original message by substituting ones own system of theology, pet doctrine, or contemporary issue unrelated to the original authors purpose and stated message. This phenomenon often follows the initial reading of the Bible as a means of establishing a speakers authority. This is often referred to as reader response (what-the-text-means-to me interpretation).


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Interpretation Process

Within the science of interpretation (Hermeneutics) there exists four essential and primary steps in the interpretation process. Observation

Interpretation

Correlation

Application


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*ObservationYou will need to consult Bible references and tools during this process. This step asks, "What does it say?" As the interpreter, we are to objectively observe the whole picture of what we are attempting to interpret. Figuratively, we are to act as a detective -- investigating, and examining what the passage is saying. Some of the questions the interpreter might ask are:

Who are the key figures in the book? Who is Jeremiah, Cyrus, Paul, Timothy, etc.) What is the background and historical setting

What are the key dates? When was the book written? What are the key verses in the book? What are the key words?

What are the key events taking place? (Pentecost, Paul's conversion, Christ's resurrection) What conclusions can be drawn? Must we observe Jewish customs and laws ? Additionally, the interpreter will observe any key doctrines, themes, and the author's intention in writing the book . Observe the text itself, determining what is a metaphor, simile, anthropomorphism, personification, euphemism, hyperbole, irony.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*InterpretationThis crucial step is perhaps the most difficult and time-consuming of these three steps You will need to consult Bible references and tools during this process. This step asks, "What does it mean? Some of the questions the interpreter might ask are:

Who wrote the book? What is the overall theme of the book? (God's grace, love, Belief etc) What does the Grammar mean What passages make up the context Cross-referencing to compare similar passages talking about the same subject to gain a more in-depth understanding

Who is the third person? Me? God? Jesus?


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*CORRELATION Correlation step should be inserted between Interpretation and Application. Correlation means examining how one passage fits in with other passages on the same topic or theme. Use it for broader view.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*ApplicationHere we determine how the passage pertains to the life of the beliver As Dr Roy Zuck points out...

Heart appropriation, not merely head apprehension, is the true goal of Bible study. Only in this way can believers grow spiritually. Spiritual maturity, in which we become more like Christ, comes not just from knowing more about the Bible. It comes from knowing more about the Bible and applying it to our spiritual needs. God expects that those who say they love Jesus will apply His words to their lives and live accordingly.

(John 14:21)

21He who has My commandments and keeps them is the one who loves Me; and he who loves Me will be loved by My Father, and I will love him and will disclose Myself to him.

Heb 12:1-2"let us also lay aside every encumbrance, and the sin which so easily entangles us, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us fixing our eyes on Jesus, the Author and Perfecter of faith"

Phil 3:14 pressing "on toward the goal for the prize of the upward call of God in Christ Jesus") disciplining ourselves "for the purpose of godliness for bodily discipline is only of little profit, but godliness is profitable for all things, since it holds promise for the present life and also for the life to come."


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Languages of the BibleThe Bible was originally written in three languages: Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek. The OT was primarily written in Hebrew

Aramaic is used in

Daniel 2:4a to 7:28.

Aramaic is found also in the Ezra 4:8-6:18, 7:12-26 and Jeremiah 10:11. the Syrian tongueor Aramaean language, sometimes called Chaldee. Typically this was made use of by the Persians in their decrees and communications relative to the Jews (compare 2 Kings 18:26; Isaiah 36:11).

The New Testament is written entirely in Koinie Greek


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Literal Interpretation PrincipleWe take the Bible at face value. Isa. 7:14Born of a virginMicah 5:2At BethlehemJer. 31:15Slaughter of the childrenHosea 11:1Called out of EgyptIsa. 11:2Anointed with the SpiritZech. 9:9Entry into JerusalemPsa. 41:9; 55:12-14Betrayed by a friendZech. 13:7Disciples forsake HimZech. 11:12Sold for thirty pieces of silverZech. 11:13Potter's field boughtIsa. 50:6Spit on and scourgedExodus 12:46; Psa. 34:20Not a bone brokenPsa. 69:21Gall and vinegar


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Grammatical Principle Example 1The study of word meanings, grammar, culture and syntax of the original languages is important for a proper understanding of Scripture. The word meanings, grammar, and syntax of the original languages are what is included when the Bible say's that God breathe the scriptures (2 Timothy 3:16) Example of Word meaning / syntax / contextJohn 10:30

IandtheFatherareoneegkaihopatresmenhenverb, first person, plural, present, active, indicativeOne (, hen) neuter, adjective - one essence or nature that which; is united as one in contrast with being divided or consisting of separate parts; I.E. a unity


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Grammatical Principle Example 2PPPMPA: Present Tense, Passive Voice, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative Knowledge of the tense of a verb can sometimes be critical for accurate interpretation.

For example note 1Jo 3:9: "No one who is born of God practices (present tense) sin (noun), because His seed abides in him and he cannot SIN (verb), because he is born of God." Look at the verb "SIN". At first glance the verse seems to imply that one who is "born of God" can never commit a sin and yet all genuine believers know that this is not a reality (cf 1Jo 1:8).

When you understand that the verb SIN is in the present tense, it becomes clear that John is saying that one who is born of God cannot habitually commit sins as a way of life.

The aorist and present tenses are used about equally in the NT, together making up over 80% of all verbs and verbals. Chapman, B. (1994). Greek New Testament Insert. (2nd ed., revised.). Quakertown, PA: Stylus Publishing.

GREEK VERBS QUICK REFERENCE http://www.preceptaustin.org/new_page_40.htm1John 3:9

TENSEACTION EXAMPLE & EXPLANATION PRESENT TENSECONTINUOUS ACTION HABITUAL ACTION OFTEN REFLECTS A LIFESTYLE


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Grammatical Principle Example 2

AORIST TENSEEFFECTIVE ACTIONSUCCESSFUL ACTION SINGLE ACTIONONE-TIME ACTIONStates that an action occurs without regard to its duration. It is analogous to a snapshot which captures an action at specific point in time. PPPMPA: Present Tense, Passive Voice, Participle, Masculine, Plural, Accusative

1Peter 1:3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ who according to His great mercy has caused us to be born again (AAPMSN) (5660) to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, The AORIST TENSE conveys the truth that the believer's new birth (indicative mood is mood of reality) has occurred at a point in the past without specifying when this event occurred.

The passive voice indicates this new birth was produced by a Source outside of the recipient and in context that Source is "the God & Father of our Lord Jesus Christ". The aorist and present tenses are used about equally in the NT, together making up over 80% of all verbs and verbals. Chapman, B. (1994). Greek New Testament Insert. (2nd ed., revised.). Quakertown, PA: Stylus Publishing.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Grammatical Principle Culturally Grammar may be studied culturally Acts 16:31 Jailer convertedThey said, Believe in the Lord Jesus, and you will be saved, you and your household.

household (greek - oikos) Some have use this verse to support infant baptism since they are part of the household. But the Greek word included household pets and animals non of which are candidates for baptism.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Grammatical Principle according to a Language Family Words may be studied in languages of the same family and ancient translations Hebrew language includes languages from Egypt to Mesopotamia, Arabic and Aramaic are of Particular importance for OT studies.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Cultural Principle By cultural it is meant the total ways, methods, tools customs, buildings, institutions, on their existence. Religious Culture (gods worship) Social Legal Material CultureToolsObjectsDwellingsWeaponsGarmentsRoman Soldiers armor Eph 6:10Etc.

The Bible was composed in a specific culture at a particular point in time. The principal purpose of studying the cultural elements aids the interpreter to know what are the original things referred to in scripture.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Cultural Principle ExamplesPassages may be studied culturally Matt 5:41When our Lord mentioned that if we were compelled to go one mile, we should go two, He was referring to a well known Persian custom. When a Persian messenger carried a message of the empire he could compel inhabitants of a locality to carry his baggage one mile , or to perform any service the messenger commanded.

Hence Christians out of love and not command should help their neighbor not for the customary or accepted one mile, but for the extra mile of love and grace


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Cultural Principle ExamplesEx 7-11 The following is a list of Egyptian gods worship within their culture, along with the corresponding plague:

Turning water into blood - Hapi, the god of the Nile river. 2. Frogs - Heqt, goddess of birth. Heqt is often depicted as a frog. 3. Gnats from dust - Geb, god of the earth or soil. 4. Flies - Kheper, god of beetles and flies. 5. Cattle - Apis, sacred bull. 6. Boils - Isis, goddess of healing. 7. Hail - Nut, sky goddess and/or Horus, falcon god / sky god. 8. Locust - Seth, god of crops. 9. 3 days of darkness - Ra, the sun god (main god of the solar faith). 10. Death of firstborn - Pharaoh who was considered a god.

The plagues were design to attack the greatest of Egyptian gods, leading to the two greatest gods: Ra, the sun god, and Pharaoh himself.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Culture PrincipleSocial CultureManners / CustomsMarriage Oldest First Gen 29:26Laban replied, It is not our custom here to give the younger daughter in marriage before the older one.The deceiver Jacob had asked for the younger Rachels hand, but was deceived by Laban and tricked into marrying Leah. Thus the ancient Near Eastern tradition of the older daughter marrying first was preserved. This custom is still adhered to in many countries, and when a younger daughter has an opportunity to marry, everything is done to get the older daughter married first.continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Culture PrincipleReligious Beliefs Practices OT Baal, Queen of Heaven, Ashtoreth, gods of Egypt Galatians legalism Colossians 1 It was Jewish, stressing the need for observing Old Testament laws and ceremonies. 2 It was philosophical, laying emphasis on some special or deeper knowledge (gnsis). 3 It involved the worship of angels as mediators to God (Col 2:18). 4 It was exclusivity, stressing the special privilege and perfection of those select few who belonged to this philosophical elite. 5 Gnosticism denied the deity of Christ, thus calling forth one of the greatest declarations of Christs deity found anywhere in Scripture (Col 1:15-16; 2:9). 1 John Gnostics


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Contextual PrincipleThe Word of God is a perfect unit. The global context of any verse is the entire scripture

Consider the: verses immediately before, after, and around the passage

the book its in the testament its in (OT / NT)

Verbal Cross Reference

Wording in one passage is similar to the wording in an other passageEx Son of Man cf first and the last (Isaiah 44:6 ; Rev 1:17; 22:13)

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Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Contextual PrincipleConceptual Cross Reference

A verse or passage in one book has the identical substance or content of another part of scripture even thought there is no use of common words. Ex., Hebrews 2 and Philippians 2 both discuss the character of the incarnation Ex., Romans 3 and Heb 10 discuss the atonement life of Christ must be compared to all four gospels


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Historical PrincipleAll Biblical events occur in the stream of history:

How did the fall occur?

How did the Jews get to Egypt during Josephs time?

What where the events that cause the northern kingdom to be exiled into Assyria?

What where the events that cause the southern kingdom to be exiled into Babylon during Daniels time?

What are the events that will bring about the great tribulation?


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Scripture Interprets Scripture PrincipleThis principle is best illustrated by what is known as "topical Bible study." There are two essential 'rules' for applying this principle: 1)The context of the two passages must be the same 2) The plain passage must be used to guide our interpretation of a less clear passage - not the other way around!Continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Scripture Interprets Scripture PrincipleParallel cross Reference two or more books describe essentially the same events The same historical materials are covered by Samuel(1,2), Kings, and Chronicles The Events in the life of Christ in all four gospels


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Progressive Revelation PrincipleThe Word of God is to be understood from the Old Testament to the New Testament as a flower unfolding its petals to the morning sun. God initiated revelation, but He did not reveal His truths all at one time. The Old Testament is the New Testament concealed, and the New Testament is the Old Testament revealed. In the sermon on the mount Jesus said he came to fulfill the law In:Luke 24:27 27 Then beginning with Moses and with all the prophets, He explained to them the things concerning Himself in all the Scriptures.

John 5:3939You search the Scriptures because you think that in them you have eternal life; it is these that testify about Me!


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Accommodation PrincipleThe Bible is to be interpreted in view of the fact that it is an accommodation of Divine truths to human minds: God the infinite communicating with man the finite. The Bible was written in three languages: Hebrew, Aramaic, and Greek. The Bible was also created in space, in time, and in history so that man could understand it. The truths of God made contact with the human mind at a common point, the Bible, to make God (and, indeed, all of reality) knowable. Accommodation through ObjectsTabernacle:Animal sacrifice Accommodation through Nature:Parables: Matt 13:25-30

We must be careful, not to push accommodating language about God and His nature to literal extremes. God does not have feathers and wings (e.g., Psalms 17:8); nor is He our literal Father in the same sense our earthly father is.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The One Interpretation Principle Every verse in the Bible has only one interpretation

A verse may have many applications.

The one correct interpretation is that which mirrors the intent of the inspired author.

Simply put, this law states that ALL biblical passages are to be taken exactly as they read unless there is something in the text indicating and extended meaning is present (address the law of double ref.)


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Harmony of Scripture PrincipleNo part of the Bible may be interpreted so as to contradict another part of the Bible.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Genre Principle The Genre Principle Genre is a literary term having to do with the category or "genus" of literature under consideration.

Here are some books of the Bible and their respective genres:Psalms PoetryProverbs - Wise SayingsMinor/Major Prophetic Books (IsaiahMalachi) History/ProphecyThe Gospels / Acts - Biography and HistoryThe Epistles - Teaching and DoctrineRevelation - Eschatology and Prophecy


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Figures of Speech in the BibleSimile: A comparison using "like" or "as." Example: "As lightning that comes from the east is visible even in the west, so will be the coming of the Son of Man" (Matthew 24:27) Metaphor: One thing described in terms of some other thing. "Do not be afraid, little flock, for your Father has been pleased to give you the kingdom" (Luke 12:32) Anthropomorphism: God described in human terms. "The eyes of the Lord run to and fro throughout the whole earth" (2 Chronicles 16:9) Words of association: One word stands for something else. Examples: "Circumcision" meaning the Jews (Galatians 2:9, King James Version); "sword" for all weapons (Romans 8:35) Personification: Personal qualities assigned to an object. "The mountains skipped like rams" (Psalm 114:4) Euphemism: Substituting an inoffensive word for a possibly harsh or crude one. "Adam lay with his wife Eve" (Genesis 4:1) means that they had sexual intercourse Hyperbole: Exaggeration. "If your right eye causes you to sin, gouge it out" (Matthew 5:29). Irony: The literal meaning is opposite the real meaning. "You have become kings...! How I wish that you really had become kings so that we might be kings with you!" (1 Corinthians 4:8)

Apocalyptic Literature:

Uses symbols that communicates absolute truth (Rev 1:20 seven stars which you saw in My right hand, and the seven golden lampstands: the seven stars are the angels of the seven churches, and the seven lampstands are the seven churches.

Scripture gives the definitions


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Interpretation of ProphecyMeaning and significances of:All proper namesEventsReferences to:GeographyCustomsCulture

The followingis a list of names that will form the united coalitionas mentioned in Ezek 38:1-6. They can be currently identified based on the historical geographical region each group occupied

Gog is described as being of the land of Magog and as the prince of Rosh, Meshech and Tubal. Most Bible scholars believe Gog is not a name but a title, like Pharaoh or Czar. He is a dictator who will hatch an evil plan (Ezek 38:10). Magog = Leading Bible scholars say this is Russia and republics of the former Soviet Union. The first century Roman historian Josephus said the Magogites were the peoples whom the Greeks called Scythians. Scythians were a fierce, blood-thirsty civilization that settled north of the Baltic Sea in what is now Russia and the European republics of the former USSR. Rosh = Russia* Meshech = Some Bible scholars say this is Moscow, others believe it refers to Turkey Tubal = Some Bible scholars say this refers to the city/region of Tobolsk in Russia along the Tobol River; others say it refers to a section of modern-day Turkey. (Interestingly, in 1964, massive reserves of oil and gas were discovered in the Tobolsk region of Siberia and people now refer to the region as the energy center of Russia.)* Cush = Sudan and Ethiopia Put = Libya, and possibly Algeria and Tunisia Gomer = Turkey, but also possibly Germany and Austria Beth-togarmah = Armenia and the Turkic-speaking peoples of Central Asia Many peoples with you who will attack along the mountains of Israel = Other countries will be involved in the coalition as well, notably countries that border the mountains of Israel. This may include Lebanon, Syria and possibly Jordan. Persia = This was the official name of Iran until 1935


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Interpretation of Prophecy PrinciplesInterpret Literally

The New Testament literal method of fulfillment establishes the literal method as Gods method in regard to unfulfilled prophecy

Isa. 7:14Born of a virginMicah 5:2At BethlehemJer. 31:15Slaughter of the childrenHosea 11:1Called out of EgyptIsa. 11:2Anointed with the SpiritZech. 9:9Entry into JerusalemPsa. 41:9; 55:12-14Betrayed by a friendZech. 13:7Disciples forsake HimZech. 11:12Sold for thirty pieces of silverZech. 11:13Potter's field boughtIsa. 50:6Spit on and scourgedExodus 12:46; Psa. 34:20Not a bone brokenPsa. 69:21Gall and vinegarcontinue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Interpretation of Prophecy PrinciplesInterpret according to the harmony of prophecy

This rule is laid down in 2 Pet 1:20-21, where the author affirms, no prophecy is of private interpretation

20But know this first of all, that no prophecy of Scripture is a matter of ones own interpretation, 21for no prophecy was ever made by an act of human will, but men moved by the Holy Spirit spoke from God.

The prophecies did not originate with the prophets themselves. The word epilyses (interpretation, lit., unloosing) and the word ginetai (came about). The Scriptures did not stem merely from the prophets themselves; their writings came from God. Verse 20, then, speaks not of interpretation, but of revelation, the source of the Scriptures. continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Interpretation of Prophecy PrinciplesScripture should be interpreted only in context, that is, a prophecy cannot stand alone without other prophecies to aid in its understanding.

Observe the time relationships

Interpret prophecy Christologically Rev 19:1010Then I fell at his feet to worship him. But he *said to me, Do not do that; I am a fellow servant of yours and your brethren who hold the testimony of Jesus; worship God. For the testimony of Jesus is the spirit of prophecy. 1 Pet 10-1110 As to this salvation, the prophets who prophesied of the grace that would come to you made careful searches and inquiries, 11seeking to know what person or time the Spirit of Christ within them was indicating as He predicted the sufferings of Christ and the glories to follow. continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Interpreting Prophecy according to the law of double referenceSome prophetic versus focus on the immediate historical context of the prophet, yet there is a more complete fulfillment later.

May have a primary application to the millennial kingdom or the eternal kingdom, but are fulfilled in part in the church age.

These prophecies speak of events that are separated by time as though they were not separated. (J. Dwight Pentecost) "Two events, widely separated as to the time of their fulfillment, may be brought together into the scope of one prophecy. This was done because the prophet had a message for his own day as well as for a future time...It was the purpose of God to give the near and far view so that the fulfillment of the one should be the assurance of the fulfillment of the other." (J. Dwight Pentecost, Things To Come [Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1964], pp.46,47.)

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Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Examples of the Law of Double Reference 1

VerseImmediate ReferenceLater ReferencePsalm 22:1DavidMatt 27:46 (Christ on the Cross)Psalm 22:6-7DavidIsaiah 49:7; Isaiah 53:3; Luke 23:35 (Christ)


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Examples of the Law of Double Reference - GapThe prophet predicts two dissimilar events, widely separated by time, as though they were one event.

Isa. 61:1-9

Isaiah 11:1-5

VerseFulfillment:Later ReferenceIsa. 61:1-2aChrist 1st coming Luke 4:18-21 (Christ in the synagogue on the Sabbath)Isa. 61:2b-9Christ 2nd comingTBF

Isa. 11:2Christ 1st comingMatt 3:16, John 1:32Isa. 11:3Christ 1st comingJohn 2:25; 7:24Isa 11:4-5Christ 2nd coming2 Thess 2:8


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Law of Double Reference -Unforeseen Partial

The prophet predicts aspects of God's kingdom at the end of the age. (In the final kind of double reference, the prophet's focus is exclusively on the later event.)

New Testament authors subsequently reveal that this prediction has been granted in a partial way to the church. (The prophets predictions will still be fulfilled at the end of the age.)


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton* Law of Double Reference - Unforeseen Partial

Examples: Jer. 31:31-34 (compare Heb. 8:8-13;10:16-18);(Jer. 31:31-34) "The time is coming," declares the LORD, "when I will make a new covenant with the house of Israel and with the house of Judah. (32) It will not be like the covenant I made with their forefathers when I took them by the hand to lead them out of Egypt, because they broke my covenant, though I was a husband to them, " declares the LORD. (33) "This is the covenant I will make with the house of Israel after that time," declares the LORD. "I will put my law in their minds and write it on their hearts. I will be their God, and they will be my people. (34) No longer will a man teach his neighbor, or a man his brother, saying, 'Know the LORD,' because they will all know me, from the least of them to the greatest," declares the LORD. "For I will forgive their wickedness and will remember their sins no more. Jer. 31:31-34 describes the spiritual blessings that Israelites will enjoy when God inaugurates his New Covenant with them at the end of the age. (Heb. 10: 16-18) The Holy Spirit also testifies to us about this. First he says: (16) "This is the covenant I will make with them after that time, says the Lord. I will put my laws in their hearts, and I will write them on their minds." (17) Then he adds: "Their sins and lawless acts I will remember no more." (18) And where these have been forgiven, there is no longer any sacrifice for sin.The author of Hebrews declares that these same blessings have been given to all who believe in Jesus during the Church Age.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Law of Double Reference -Unforeseen Partial

Examples: Isa.49:6 (compare Acts 13:47)(Isa. 49:6) He says, It is too small a thing that You should be My Servant To raise up the tribes of Jacob and to restore the preserved ones of Israel; I will also make You a light of the nations So that My salvation may reach to the end of the earth. God says that his Servant will restore Israel to him and be a light to the nations so that his salvation may reach to the ends of the earth. Isaiah evidently understood this to refer to the rule of Messiah in the millennial kingdom. Acts 13:47 47For so the Lord has commanded us, I have placed You as a light for the Gentiles, That You may bring salvation to the end of the earth. Paul quotes this same passage as a description of the church's mission work to the Gentiles. This phase of Messiah's redemptive work with the Gentiles (through the Body of Christ) was unforeseen by Isaiah.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Interpretation of Prophecy Language PrincipleGive careful attention to:

Language of the prophetic passage:Figurative Psalms 2:1-3PoeticSymbolic Dan 7:23 beast =a nation; Dan 8:20-21 horn=king)continue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Interpretation of Prophecy Historical Background PrincipleDetermine the historical background of the prophet and the prophecycontinue


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Interpretation of Prophecy Passage Parallel PrincipleSearch the entire body of Scripture to see what passage parallel each other:

Day of the Lord

The Shaking of the Nations

Re-gathering of Israel


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*The Types and Antitypes PrinciplesType - (Greek tupos) means the mark of a stroke or blow Method of biblical interpretation where by an figure, emblem or symbol found in the Old Testament is seen to prefigure one found in the New Testament. Romans 5:14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of the offense of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come. Antitype is the fulfillment of the type Types and antitypes are never identical but only similar Either type or antitype may be a person, thing, or event, but often the type is messianic and frequently related to the idea of salvation.


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Biblical Types and Antitypes in the Law of Moses

OT TypeOT ReferenceNT AntitypeNT ReferenceThe people of IsraelExod. 19:6Believers1 Peter 2:5The Prophet like MosesDeut. 18:17-19The MessiahJohn 5:46; 6:14; 7:40; Acts 3:22-26; 7:37Animal sacrificesLev.1-7, Num 6:14The cross, Heb. 7:27; 10:1-4; 1 Peter 2:24God's presence with His peopleExod. 40:34-38; Num. 9:15-23The incarnation of JesusMatt. 1:23; John 1:14; Acts 2:2-4; 1Cor. 3:10-17; 6:19Bread of the presence (made from manna)Exod. 25:23-30Jesus the bread of lifeJohn 6:32-33, 35Altar of incenseExod. 30:1-10The prayers of the saintsRev. 5:8; 8:3Washing basin / laverExod. 30:17-21; 38:8Washing from sin in baptism / satisfying spiritual thirst / the Holy SpiritActs 2:38 / John 4:13-14 / John 7:37-39; Acts 1:5; 10:47The grain offeringLev. 2Jesus offered us His flesh to eatJohn 6:54-58The high priesthoodLev. 8A mediator between God and men1 Tim. 2:5; Heb. 7:26-28The Passover lambExod. 12:1-28, 43-49Jesus ChristActs 8:32: 1 Cor. 5:7; 1 Peter 1:15-19; 2:21-23.Feast of first fruitsLev. 23:11; Deut. 16:9-12Christ's resurrection1 Cor. 15:20, 23The day of atonementLev. 16The crossRom. 3:25; Heb. 9:7-8, Heb 9:23-28; Heb 9:13:11-13The bronze serpentNum. 21:5-9The crossJohn 3:14-16The smitten RockExod. 17:5-7Christ1 Cor. 10:4


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*References used for this Presentation Protestant Biblical Interpretation by Bernard Ramm (1970) Baker Book House Basic Bible Interpretation by Dr. Roy Zuck (1991) Chariot Victor Publishing Wilson Dictionary of Bible Types by Walter Lewis Wilson(1957 Eerdmans Publishing Tense Voice Mood : Pierce, Larry Wuests Word Studies in the Greek New Testament Strong, James: The Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible Walvoord, John F. ; Zuck, Roy B. ; Dallas Theological Seminary: The Bible Knowledge Commentary : An Exposition of the Scriptures


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*References used for this PresentationRobertson, A.T.: Word Pictures in the New Testament

Logos Bible Software Scholar Version

Louw, Johannes P. ; Nida, Eugene Albert: Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament : Based on Semantic Domains. The New Manners and Customs of the Bible by Freeman, James M. ; Chadwick, Harold J.: Manners & Customs of the Bible GREEK VERBS QUICK REFERENCE http://www.preceptaustin.org/new_page_40.htm

Walvoord, J. F., Zuck, R. B., & Dallas Theological Seminary. (1983-c1985). The Bible knowledge commentary : An exposition of the scriptures (2:869). Wheaton, IL: Victor Books.

By J Dwight Pentecost; THINGS TO COME; A study in Biblical Eschatology DICTIONARY OF DEITIES AND DEMONS IN THE BIBLE Edited by Karel van der Toorn ,Bob Becking, Pieter W. van der Horst Toorn, K. v. d., Becking, B., & Horst, P. W. v. d. (1999). Dictionary of deities and demons in the Bible DDD (2nd extensively rev. ed.). Leiden; Boston; Grand Rapids, Mich.: Brill; Eerdmans


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*References used for this Presentation(J. Dwight Pentecost, Things To Come [Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 1964

http://www.whitehorseinn.org

Why are there so many different Christian interpretations? Got Questions Ministries provided the base

The Principles of Biblical Interpretation http://74.125.45.132/search?q=cache:Sa6xDfQNzd8J:www.englewoodbaptist.com/docs/Lesson%252012.pdf+biblical+example+of+Contextual+Principle&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=1&gl=us Jamieson, Robert ; Fausset, A. R. ; Fausset, A. R. ; Brown, David ; Brown, David: A Commentary, Critical and Explanatory, on the Old and New Testaments http://www.crosstv.com/

Louw, Johannes P. ; Nida, Eugene Albert: Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament

Evans, William ; Coder, S. Maxwell: The Great Doctrines of the Bible. Enl. ed. Chicago : Moody Press, 1998, c1974, S. 194


Created by Layman Perspective Ministries Hiram E. Sutton*Religion(POL)Philosophies (POL)EthicsPOLMorals(LOF)Education(POL)Entertainment(LOF,LOE)Psychology(LOF,POL,LOE)HopesAims(LOF,POL,LOE)Aspirations(POL)Thoughts(LOF,LOE,POL)

ImpulsesYou must understand that Satan is real and the spirit realm is controlling what we perceive as truth and reality in the physical realm through the KOMOS. Continue


Lay a foundation for why there is a need for a study that teaches Christ Followers how to rightly divide the word of truth.In studying Hermeneutics there are supporting peripheral areas that must be understood so that one has a balanced expectation about it.

The reason for approaching it this way is to present it in a practical manner so that one can appreciate the value that it brings in understanding Gods will and to help us make sense of the world we live in. Im under the opinion that a purely academic approach would afford us the view.

According to this verse, we must handle the Word of God properly,

We have just listen to the testimony of pastors, Youth Sunday School teacher, seminary professor, etc where the following points where mentioned:

Loss of Focus / missionLack of over all biblical understanding Less talk about the person of Christ and what God is doingMore emphasis about self and self esteem i.e. me syndromePerpetuating of Biblical ignoranceLack of understanding about key biblical doctrines Relevant biblical activities according to the word of GodMiss-focus on who the scriptures focus should be about

Followed the Baals I.E. the Worlds religions 1 Kings 18:17-18

Accursed has being a divides and trouble makers when standing up for Biblical truth within the church 1 kings 18:17-18

Its not the ones who want to play by the rules, but with those who want to create their own rules who are causing the problem within the Church.Unbelief. The fact is that many who claim to be Christians have never been born again. They wear the label of Christian, but there has been no true change of heart. Many presume to teach the Bible who do not even believe the Bible to be true. They claim to speak for God yet live in a state of unbelief. Most false interpretations of Scripture come from such sources. Examples of these can be clearly seen in varies movements within the church (i.e. Accepted Practicing Homosexual clergy both male and female ; i.e. within the Episcopal, and Lutheran denominations, Liberal Pastors and theologians and professors who deny the truth of scripture, WOF who have demoted God and promoted man, emergent church, etc). These are the many on the broad way. It is impossible for an unbeliever to correctly interpret scripture unbelief keeps him from believing Gods revelation. The natural man receives not the things of the Spirit . . . neither can he know them (1 Corinthians 2:14).

The Bible describes the unbeliever as dead (nekros) in trespasses and sin (Eph 2:1) An unsaved man (someone who does not have the Holy Spirit) cannot understand the truth of the Bible. He has no illumination. Further, even being a pastor or theologian or teacher does not guarantee ones salvation. (Eph 2:1) dead- nekros - is a common noun for dead person or body in this case a metaphor for one spiritually dead.

The true teaching of Christ teaches us to self denial and mortification of worldliness and sin.

Satanic BlindnessV4 blinded - tuphloo /toofloo NT metaph. to blunt the mental discernment, darken the mind.

15. This wisdomEarthly is what is in the earth; earthy, what is of the earth.

Sensual literally, animal-like: the wisdom of the natural (the same Greek) man, not born again of God; not having the Spirit (Jude 19).

Devilish in its origin (from hell, Jam 3:6; not from God, the Giver of true wisdom, Jam 1:5), and also in its character, which accords with its origin.

Earthly, sensual, and devilish, answer to the three spiritual foes of man, the world, the flesh, and the devil.God's Word does three things that interfere with 1) It presents truth external from all cultures, truth that could not be known without a direct revelation from God. 2) It condemns the idolatry that all cultures practice. We all have at one time or another worshiped the works of our own hands and mind, and 3) It transforms that which is good in all cultures, such as giving a glass of water to someone who is thirsty, but it is now done in the name of the creator and savior of the world, Jesus Christ.Slide 15: Why are there so many different Christian interpretations?

3. Dictates of the culture. Some see the means of Biblical interpretation through the eyes of the culture (World System) by following its own wisdom and living by the light of its own reason The bible teaches separation from the world system and sin 2 Cor 6:14-17. Yet there are those in the church who teach the opposite.

Example:Interfaith Participation (ecumenical minded churches even among, missionary Baptist, Southern Baptist, Methodist, Presbyterian ETC). biblical separation. Preaching a liberation theology instead of a sinners gospelThe gospel of self i.e. The prosperity gospelThe purpose driven and seeker sensitive gospel.Practice of Occultic mysticism through contemplative spirituality.Practice of sexual perversion through homosexual and heterosexual relationships

There will always be hostility between the world system and the word of God; they are diametrically opposed to one another. 5. Lack of training. UntaughtThe Apostle Peter warns against those who wrest [misinterpret] the scriptures. He attributes their spurious teachings, in part, to the fact that they are unlearned (2 Peter 3:16). Timothy is told to study to show yourself approved unto God (2 Timothy 2:15). There is no shortcut to proper biblical interpretation; we are constrained to study. Untaught - amathes /amathace/] adj: adjective pertaining to on

9-1-12 biblical hermeneutics presentation

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