8th grade-ch.1 sec. 1 body organization & homeostasis
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Ch. 1Ch. 1Sec. 1 Body Sec. 1 Body
Organization & Organization & HomeostasisHomeostasis
levels of organizationin body
cells tissues organs
organ systems
Cell Size and Scale
Cell TypesCell Types
Bone Cell
Muscle Cell
Nerve Cell
Cartilage Cell
Blood Cell
Small IntestineCell
CELL CELL STRUCTURESSTRUCTURES
(organelles)(organelles)
cell cell membranemembrane nucleusnucleus cytoplasmcytoplasm
Cell MembraneCell Membrane
forms outside boundary of cell
NucleusNucleus control center- directs cell’s
activities
The nuclei can be seen in the photograph of human cheek cells below.
CytoplasmCytoplasm clear, jellylike substance contains organelles
4 basic types
of tissues
muscle tissue
nervetissue
connectivetissue
epithelial tissue
4 basic types
of tissues
muscle tissue
nervetissue
connectivetissue
epithelial tissue
movementContracts& shortens
4 basic types
of tissues
muscle tissue
nervetissue
connectivetissue
epithelial tissue
MovementContracts &
shortens
Directs & controls movement
Carries messages back & forth from brain
4 basic types
of tissues
muscle tissue
nervetissue
connectivetissue
epithelial tissue
MovementContracts &
shortens
Directs & controls movement
Carries messages back & forth from brain
Connects & supports
4 basic types
of tissues
muscle tissue
nervetissue
connectivetissue
epithelial tissue
movementContracts& shortens
Directs & controls movement
Carries messages back & forth from brain
Connects & supports
Covers body surfaces in & out
Absorbs & releases chemicals
Bone & fat
Tissues
An organ is a structure that is made of different kinds
of tissue. Your stomach, heart, brain, and lungs are all organs.
Each organ in your Each organ in your body is part of an body is part of an
organ system.organ system. Your heart is part of your circulatory system, which carries oxygen and other materials throughout the body.
Besides the heart, blood vessels are organs in the circulatory system.
organ systems
Circulatory SystemFUNCTIONSFUNCTIONS
carries needed materials to body cells
carries wastes away from body
helps fight disease
homeostasis process by which an organism’s internal
environment is kept stable in spite of changes in external environment
examples:
1. internal body temp.= 37 degrees Celsius no matter outside temp.
2. perspiring on a hot day
Maintaining Homeostasis Regardless of the surrounding temperature, your body temperature remains fairly constant at about 37°C. Sweating and shivering help regulate your body temperature.
stress reaction of your body & mind
to threatening, challenging or disturbing events
disrupts homeostasis
Cell MembraneCell Membrane surrounds cytoplasm allows water, oxygen & other
materials to pass in & out of cells
NucleusNucleus cell’s command center contains cell's DNA (genetic code)
CytoplasmCytoplasm material between nucleus & cell
membrane contains organelles & nutrients
List the 4 levels of organization in the human body. Give an example of each level.
cell- bone cell tissue- muscle tissue organ- heart organ system- circulatory system
What are the 4 types of tissue found in the human body? What is the general function of each type?
muscle tissue= movement nerve tissue= carries messages
between the brain and other parts of the body
connective tissue= provides support and connects all parts of the body
epithelial tissue= covers surfaces of body; absorbs & releases substances
Describe the structure of an animal cell.
The cell membrane forms the outside boundary of the cell.
Inside the cell membrane is the nucleus, the control center of the cell.
The area between the nucleus and cell membrane is the cytoplasm, which contains important cell structures.
What systems of the body are involved when you prepare a
sandwich and then eat it?skeletal systemnervous systemmuscular systemcirculatory systemdigestive system
What is homeostasis ? process by which an organism’s internal
environment is kept stable in spite of changes in external environment
examples:
1. internal body temp = 37 degrees Celsius no matter outside temp.
2. perspiring on a hot day
What is stress? How does it affect homeostasis? reaction of your body & mind
to threatening, challenging or disturbing events
upsets homeostasis