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Code No. 1793

GeographyUGC-NET/JRF Exam.

Solved Papers

December 2006Geography

Paper-II

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objectivetype questions, each question carrying two(2) marks. Attempt all of them.

1. The north-pole lies with in the Arctic Oceanwhereas south-pole is located within AntarticContinent. Which of the following theoryuses this phenomenon as a supportive argu-ment ?(A) Theory of Isostasy(B) Theory of Plate Tectonics(C) Convective Current Theory(D) Tetrahedral Theory

2. Indus and Brahmaputra are examples of—(A) Subsequent drainage(B) Superimposed drainage(C) Antecedent drainage(D) Consequent drainage

3. The average time interval between twosuccessive high tides is—(A) 6 hrs, 13 mts. (B) 12 hrs, 26 mts.(C) 24 hrs, 50 mts. (D) 18 hrs, 39 mts.

4. It is necessary to know both the latitude andlongitude of a place in order to determine—(A) Local time (B) Altitude(C) Standard time (D) Location

5. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—

Assertion (A) : The troposphere is the denselower part of the atmos-phere in which metrologicalphenomenon such as cloudsand storms occur.

Reason (R) : In the troposphere tempera-ture decreases with altitude.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not acorrect explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

6. Assertion (A) : The ocean floors are muchyounger than continents.

Reason (R) : Owing to their low densityand consequent buoyancy,the ocean floors are notforced down into the mantlein subduction zone.


correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not a

correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

7. Assertion (A) : The ultimate source of ener-gy that makes posible theerosion of landscapes is sun.

Reason (R) : Solar energy evaporates sur-face water, some of whichsubsequently falls as rainand snow on high rounds.


correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not a


8. Assertion (A) : The magnitude of an earth-quake is greatest near theepicentre and decreases withdistance.

Reason (R) : The energy released by anearthquake can be estab-lished from its magnitude.



4 | UGC–NET Geography Solved Papers

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not acorrect explanation of (A)


9. Which of the following can be used forregional delineation ?(A) Gravity Potential Model(B) Rank Size Rule(C) Losch Settlement Model(D) Central Place Model

10. What does not cause Regional Imbalances ?(A) Uneven distribution of resources(B) Sustainable development(C) Lack of resources(D) Lack of technology

11. Nodal regions are delimited—

(A) On the basis of spatial interaction(B) On the basis of uniformity(C) On the basis of resource base(D) On the basis flow of goods

12. Migration of people from early periods hashad a beneficial impact. The important is—

(A) Diffusion of ideas(B) Spread of language(C) Spread of scientific and technological

innovations(D) All of the above

13. In rural areas small towns commonly grow upfor providing—

(A) Market facilities(B) Educational facilities(C) Health facilities(D) Administrative facilities

14. The most important criterion for classificationof Indian Urban Centres is—(A) Site (B) Shape(C) Population (D) Function

15. In Rank Size Rule the population of lowerRank City is in proportion to—

(A) Population of smallest city(B) Population of largest city(C) Population of middle order city(D) None of the above

16. Who is known as the father of PoliticalGeography ?(A) Rudolf Kjellen (B) K. Haushofer(C) F. Ratzel (D) R. Hartshorne

17. Who gave the concept of Rimland Theory inpolitical geography ?(A) N. J. Spykman (B) E. Warner(C) H. W. Weigert (D) A. T. Mahan

18. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I (Geographer)(a) Vidal de La Blache(b) Jean Brunhes(c) Carl Ritter(d) Fried Ratzel

List-II (Principle)1. Unity in Diversity2. Social Determinism3. Terrestrial Whole4. InteractionCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 2 4 1(B) 4 2 1 3(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 2 1 3 4

19. The philosophical view advocating that manis responsible for making his own nature isknown as—(A) Positivism (B) Functionalism(C) Existentialism (D) Pragmatism

20. Crop combination is calculated on the basisof—(A) Per cent area of net cultivated area(B) Per cent area of gross cultivated area(C) Ranking of crops in a region(D) None of the above

21. Jharia coal fields is located in—(A) Bihar (B) Jharkhand(C) Orissa (D) Chhattisgarh

22. The correct sequence of the advent ofprominent British geographers to the develop-ment of Geography is—(A) A. J. Herbertson, S. W. Wooldrige, H. J.

Mackinder, L. D. Stamp

UGC–NET Geography Solved Papers | 5

(B) S. W. Wooldrige, A. J. Herbertson, L. D.Stamp, H. J. Mackinder

(C) H. J. Mackinder, A. J. Herbertson, S. W.Wooldrige, L. D. Stamp

(D) L. D. Stamp, A. J. Herbertson, S. W.Wooldrige, H. J. Mackinder

23. Consider the following Seas :1. Red Sea 2. Black Sea3. Dead Sea 4. Baltic Sea

The correct sequence of those seas in de-scending order of salinity is—(A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (B) 2, 1, 4, 3(C) 4, 2, 3, 1 (D) 3, 1, 2, 4

24. When was ‘Project Tiger’, one of the mostintensive conservation efforts, launched inIndia ?(A) 1963 (B) 1967(C) 1973 (D) 1977

25. Who defined ‘Resource’ as ‘Resources arenot they become’ ?

(A) Van Thunen (B) Zimmerman(C) Hartshorne (D) Semple

26. Animal rearing on a commercial scale hasdeveloped well in—(A) Monsoon Regions(B) Savanna Regions(C) Prairie and Steppe Regions(D) Sabel Regions

27. Which State is the larget producer of wheat inIndia ?(A) Haryana (B) Punjab(C) Uttar Pradesh (D) Bihar

28. Which one of the following is a FootlooseIndustry ?(A) Cotton Textile (B) Sugar(C) Cement (D) Handloom

29. Isodopanes are associated with—(A) Line of equal height(B) Line of equal rainfall(C) Line of unequality(D) Line of equal transport cost

30. Which one of the following is not associatedwith a Transport System ?

(A) Von-Thunen Theory

(B) Distance Decay Function(C) Principle of Least Effort(D) Central Place Theory

31. Mongoloid race is predominantly found in—(A) South Africa (B) East Asia(C) Western Europe (D) East Africa

32. Which one of the following is related to theTribal Economy ?(A) Footloose Industries(B) Settled Cultivation(C) Shifting Cultivation(D) Industrial Economy

33. Racial traits of Man are studied in—(A) Palaeontology (B) Hydrology(C) Sociology (D) Anthropology

34. Who formulated the Heartland Theory ?(A) H. J. Mackinder (B) R. Hartshone(C) Peter Hagget (D) Herbertson

35. A plant adapted to a wet environment iscalled—(A) Hygrophyte (B) Xerophyte(C) Mesophyte (D) Tropophyte

36. Ecological succession normally leads to—(A) Habitat(B) Biome(C) Climatic Frontier(D) Climax

37. The petro-dollar economy has highly influ-enced one of the following States more thanothers—(A) Tamil Nadu (B) Kerala(C) Punjab (D) Gujarat

38. Population distribution in India at State levelis best represented by—(A) Dot Method (B) Pie Diagrams(C) Choropleth (D) Isopleth

39. Identify the major objective of using regres-sion model in a data set—(A) Causability between Dependent and

Independent variables(B) Association between Dependent and

Independent variables(C) Skewness in the data(D) Dispersion in the data


40. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—

List-I(a) What measures of dispersion is defined

as the difference between the lowest andhighest value ?

(b) It is measure of skewness.(c) If the coefficient of variation is desired,

it would be found by applying whichformula ?

(d) Which average is used in computing thevariance and standard deviation ofsample ?

List-II

1. 3(—x – Median) 2.

SX

(100)

3. Range 4. Arithmetic Mean

5.Σ(d –

—x )2

n

Codes :(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 3 2 5 4

(B) 3 5 2 4

(C) 4 1 2 3

(D) 3 1 2 4

41. The rank of Indian Railway Network amongthe countries of the World is—(A) First (B) Second(C) Third (D) Fourth

42. Which of the following is associated with theCotton Textile Industry ?(A) Pune (B) Varanasi(C) Ahmedabad (D) Chandigarh

43. Kargil is located on the banks of—(A) Indus River (B) Jhelum River(C) Suru River (D) Chenab River

44. Imphal is the capital of—(A) Manipur (B) Nagaland(C) Meghalaya (D) Arunachal Pradesh

45. Mc Mohan Line is an International boundarybetween—(A) India and Bangladesh(B) India and China(C) India and Pakistan(D) France and Germany

Directions—(Q. 46–50) Read the followingpassage carefully and answer the given questions—

Information consists of new facts, data, ideas,and routine communication. Like people, goodsand services, information flows from place-to-place, moving from place of production to demandareas. When we think of demand areas we shouldnot confuse places of need with places of effectivedemand. In the flows of people, movementsamong big and vigorous centres are much largerthan migrations among the depopulated back-waters of depressed areas. In the shipment ofgoods, the volume of trade among the developedcountries far exceeds their trade contacts with theunderdeveloped world.

Similarly, information flows primarily amongthe vigorous idea centres in a system. Islands oflethargy are bypassed because they are literallyout of the system. Rich nations trade primarilywith each other. Migrations often occur betweenclusters of mankind. Those who send the mostmessages get most of the return contacts. Atendency exists for flows to run from places ofabundance to areas of effective demand accordingto the effective pulls exerted at each destination.As flows continue, a tendency toward equilibriumconditions seems common. In the physical worldthings move through space so that potential canequalize. Water tries to move under the force ofgravity to the lowest point and if free to move tosea level it will do so.

Similarly, air will move from a high pressureto a low pressure area. High pressure as acausative agent cannot move air very far in onedirection. We know this from common experiencewhen we try to blow air across a room with a fanor try to blow out a match at a distance. More airwill be moved by putting the fan in one windowblowing outward and opening another windowacross the room. Instead of emphasizing pushfactors, it makes more sense to think of air beingpulled in a certain direction by a zone of lowpressure, in the same way that water is pulledfrom a mountain top. Similarly, in human affairs apull exerts a directed force with respect to excesssupply somewhere else. Therefore, to explain whysomething moves from A to B it helps toemphasize the pull at B rather than the push at A.The push at A often is unspecified directionally,whereas a pull at B is significant not only for A,but for any other potential supply source as well.


46. What causes Flow of Information ?(A) Demand (B) Use(C) Quality (D) Volume

47. What factors primarily influence exchange ofgoods among rich Nations ?(A) Abundance of production(B) Effective demand(C) Level of economic development(D) Generation of information

48. Generation of information depends on—(A) Nature of ideas(B) Strength of idea-centres in a system(C) Duration of ideas(D) Effectiveness of ideas

49. The flow of information from place of originto place of destination is mainly due to—(A) Repulsion at the place of origin(B) Attraction of the place of destination(C) Distance between place of origin and

place destination(D) Abundance at the place of origin

50. Which of the following is the most suitabletitle for the given passage ?(A) Flow of services(B) Flow of commodity(C) Migration of people(D) Flow of information

Answers with Explanations1. (D) 2. (C) 3. (B) 4. (D) 5. (B)6. (C) 7. (A) 8. (B) 9. (A) 10. (B)

11. (A) 12. (D) 13. (A) 14. (C) 15. (B)16. (C) 17. (A) 18. (C) 19. (C) 20. (C)21. (B) 22. (B) 23. (D) 24. (C) 25. (B)26. (C)27. (C) The production of wheat from maximum

to minimum is—Uttar Pradesh, Punjab,Haryana, Rajasthan, Bihar.

28. (A) Cotton industry is an independent trade.India has monopoly over it since ancient time.The countries importing Indian cotton clothsare—USA, UK, Eastern countries of Europe,Nepal, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Africancountries.

29. (D) 30. (D) 31. (B) 32. (C) 33. (D)34. (A) 35. (A) 36. (A) 37. (D) 38. (A)39. (B) 40. (D)41. (D) Indian railway occupies fourth place in

the World railway and first place in Asia.USA stands at first place and Russia atsecond. Canada has 5·2% of the total railroutes of the world.

42. (C) Ahmedabad is known for cotton cloths,Pune for IT sector, Varanasi for silkindustries, Chandigarh is known as tradecentre.

43. (C)44. (A) The capitals of Northern Eastern states

are—Manipur–Imphal, Meghalaya–Shillong,Nagaland–Kohima, Arunachal Pradesh–Itanagar.

45. (B)46. (A) Information flows from one place to other

like people, commodity and services.47. (B) Flow has a tendency to move from

abundance to effective demand. In affluentcountries, same principle applies to theexchange of commodities.

48. (B) Production of information entirelydepends on the strength of the centre ofthoughts. This is the reason that the tradebetween the countries of same strength takesplace in big quantity.

49. (B) Information freely moves from the placeof its origin to the destination due to powerfulattraction.

50. (D) In the given paragraph, the flow ofinformation is shown as people, commodityand services towards demand. There thesuitable title is ‘Flow of Information’.

June 2007Geography

Paper-II


1. Whaleback dunes are characteristic featuresof—(A) Thar desert (B) Gobi desert(C) Australian desert (D) Sahara desert

2. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other lebelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : In arid and semi-arid re-

gions, sheet flood is animportant land forming pro-cess.

Reason (R) : Arid and semi-arid regionsexperience high intensityshort-duration rainfall.


correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not

the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (R) is true, but (A) is false

3. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other lebelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A): Glacial troughs often ex-

hibit remarkably flat floors.Reason (R) : The flat floor in a glacial

trough is produced by uni-form glacial erosion.



the correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is false, but (R) is true(D) (R) is true, but (A) is false

4. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Authors)(a) Thornbury (b) Dury(c) Steers (d) Strahler

List-II (Books)1. Rivers and River terraces2. Principles of Geomorphology3. Physical Geography4. The Unstable EarthCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 1 4 3(B) 2 4 1 3(C) 2 1 3 4(D) 2 3 1 4

5. Who propounded the concept of dynamicequilibrium in geomorphology ?(A) Davis (B) King(C) Hack (D) Crickmay

6. Global pattern of surface temperature isgenerally controlled by—(A) Latitude, Longitude and Altitude(B) Latitude, Longitude and Continent-

Ocean contrast(C) Continent-Ocean contrast, Longitude and

Altitude(D) Continent-Ocean contrast, Latitude and

Altitude

7. The criteria used by Thomthwaite in hisclassification of World Climates are—1. Precipitation effectiveness2. Thermal efficiency3. Potential evapotranspiration4. Radiation efficiency


Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Codes :(A) 1, 2 and 4 (B) 1, 2 and 3(C) 1, 3 and 4 (D) 2, 3 and 4

8. The earth’s average albedo is estimated as—(A) 32 per cent (B) 40 per cent(C) 21 per cent (D) 50 per cent

9. Obsequent streams generally flow—(A) Along the consequent stream(B) Opposite to the consequent stream(C) At right angle to the consequent stream(D) Diagonal to the consequent stream

10. The principle of uniformitarianism in Geomor-phology was first advocated by—(A) Davis (B) Playfair(C) Gilbert (D) Hutton

11. Which of the following steel plants of Indiahas the least cost location in the ideal locationtriangle conceived by Weber ?(A) Bokaro (B) Bhilai(C) Rourkela (D) Durgapur

12. Gonds have their major concentration in—(A) Koraput region(B) Aravali region(C) Chota Nagpur region(D) Bastar region

13. Topographical maps are produced in Indiaby—(A) N.A.T.M.O. (B) Survey of India(C) N.R.S.A. (D) D.R.D.O.

14. Which one of the following is the commonlyused measure of central tendency ?(A) Mean (B) Median(C) Mode (D) Harmonic mean

15. Identify the author who wrote several volu-mes entitled ‘GEOGRAPHICA’—(A) Eratosthenes (B) Ptolemy(C) Strabo (D) Herodotus

16. Which of the following statements about theGreen Revolution in India is not true ?(A) It was characterised by the use of high

yielding variety of seeds and intensiveirrigation and application of chemicalfertilizers

(B) It started with increased wheat produc-tion in Punjab, Haryana and WesternU.P.

(C) It has resulted in increase in disparity inrural income

(D) It has caused substantial increase in theproduction of millets

17. Coffee as a plantation crop is likely to beadversely affected by many causes of whichthe most important one is—(A) Decline in international prices(B) Attack by pests and diseases(C) Tariff barriers for trade(D) Development of substitutes

18. Taaffe’s transportation model has a number ofdevelopment phases. The number of phasesare—(A) Four (B) Two(C) Six (D) Eight

19. Which of the following arrangements ofbiomes in order of availability of soil, waterand heat is correct ?(A) Savanna, grassland, forest, tundra and

desert(B) Savanna, forest, grassland, tundra and

desert(C) Tundra, forest, grassland, savanna and

desert(D) Forest, savanna, grassland, desert and

tundra

20. Mangrove forests are mainly found along thesea faces of the delta of which one of thefollowing rivers ?(A) Mahanadi (B) Krishna(C) Cauvery (D) Ganga

21. Which one of the following is known as the‘Carbon Sink’ of the globe ?(A) Pacific Ocean(B) Equatorial rain forests(C) Antartica(D) Savanna

22. Deep sea floor comprises which of the fol-lowing deposits ?(A) Muds and Sands(B) Sands and Gravels(C) Muds and Gravels(D) Muds and Red clay


23. Which one of the following is the mostimportant air pollutants ?(A) Carbon dioxides (B) Sulphur dioxides(C) Hydro carbons (D) SPM

24. Mechanisation of agriculture is best suited forcountries with—(A) High population density(B) Low population density(C) Vast agricultural land(D) High standard of living

25. Which one of the following crops entersinternational trade in large quantities ?(A) Rice (B) Wheat(C) Corn (D) Barley

26. The book entitled ‘Socio-Economic Models’was edited by—(A) Spate and Learmonth(B) Herbert and Smith(C) Johnston and Herbert(D) Chorley and Haggett

27. Who among the following Arab Geographersspent several years in India and wrote a bookon India ?(A) Ibn Batuta (B) Al Idrisi(C) Ibn Khaldun (D) Al-Biruni

28. Who propounded the organic theory of theState ?(A) Humboldt (B) Richthofen(C) Ratzel (D) Ritter

29. Name the scholar who used the termgeopolitik for the first time before the SecondWorld War—(A) Mackinder (B) Kjellan(C) Houshofer (D) Spykman

30. Arunachal Pradesh was formerly known as—(A) NWEP (B) NEFA(C) Buffer zone (D) Frontier

31. Which of the following tribal combinationis confined to a single State of North-EastIndia ?(A) Khasi — Naga (B) Garo — Khasi(C) Naga — Mizo (D) Khasi — Mizo

32. Which one of the following indicators is notrelevant in the context of social well being ?(A) Provision of housing(B) Improved accessibility to health facilities

(C) Provision of educational facilities(D) Entry of multinational companies in

developing countries

33. The concept of ‘Cultural health’ was firstused by—(A) Berkeley School of Geography(B) French School of Geography(C) German School of Geography(D) Chicago School of Geography

34. Winter rains in the North Indian Plains arecaused by depressions coming from the—(A) Arabian Sea(B) Bay of Bengal(C) Mediterranean Sea(D) Pacific Ocean

35. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Petroleum (b) Paper Mill(c) Mica (d) Hiracud ProjectList-II1. Amlai 2. Jharkhand3. Orissa 4. Cambay basinCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 1 2 3(B) 3 2 1 4(C) 2 3 4 1(D) 1 4 3 2

36. The leading saffron producing State of Indiais—(A) Himachal Pradesh(B) Arunachal Pradesh(C) Jammu and Kashmir(D) Nagaland

37. The theory of ‘demographic transition’ isdeveloped by—(A) Warren Thompson(B) C. P. Blacker(C) Frank Notestein(D) A. J. Coale and E. M. Hoover

38. Which of the following is the correct se-quence in terms of density of population ?(A) Africa, Asia, America, Europe(B) America, Asia, Africa, Europe


(C) Europe, Asia, America, Africa(D) Asia, Europe, Africa, America

39. Which one of the following indicators is adirect measure of regional imbalance indevelopment ?(A) Percentage of cultivated area to total

geographical area(B) Per capita consumer expenditure(C) Accessibility to roads(D) Literacy

40. Which one of the following attributes is notspatial data base ?(A) Location (B) Lines(C) Polygon (D) Triangle

41. Which of the following pairs does not matchcorrectly ?(A) Malajkhand — Coal(B) Bailadila — Iron ore(C) Kudremukh — Iron ore(D) Neyveli — Lignite

42. The predominent soil type developed on theArchaean and Cuddapah geological systemsin India as—(A) Black soils (B) Alluvial soils(C) Red soils (D) Intrazonal soils

43. Siachin glacier is located in—(A) Greater Himalayas(B) Trans Himalayas(C) Lesser Himalayas(D) Sub-Himalayas

44. The leading green tea producing country inthe World is—(A) China (B) Sri Lanka(C) Kenya (D) India

45. Who tried to resolve the problem of dualismin geography by modifying the ‘environment’concept with major focus on man ?(A) Vidal de la Blache(B) H. H. Barrows(C) E. Huntington(D) E. C. Semple

46. Which of the following pairs does not matchcorrectly ?

(A) Satpura Mountain — Mahadeo hills

(B) Chhota Nagpur — Rajmahal hills Plateau(C) Himalaya Mount — Khasi hills ains

(D) Vindhyan Range — Bhander Range

Directions—(Q. 47–50) Read the followingpassage carefully and answer the given questions—

In order to formulate a regional developmentpolicy in national planning with special referenceto the federating States, an inventory of the spatialand locational patterns of the key sectors of thenational economy is needed. On the basis of theanalysis of the inventory, the country may bedivided into 5 or 6 macro-regions comprisinggroups of federating States. Contiguity, inter-Stateand intra-State relationship and the resourcepotential for developing distinct regional econo-mies could be the considerations in regionaldelineation. These would be the regions forformulating a regional development startegy inNational Planninng. For this purpose an attemptshould then be made to analyse the existing spatialand locational components of the national deve-lopment plans and to indicate alternative locationsand areas within each of the macro-region towhich the additional targets of production couldbe allocated. This analysis involves a study of thespatial dimension of the individual sector as wellas regional and inter-regional analysis. Theacceptance of any one inter-regional sectoral planand the corresponding location framework wouldbe subject to political considerations too. It is inthis context that the regional development policyhas to be formulated in the national plan. Theimpact of such a development policy on the goalsof economic and social development shouldfurther be spelt out on the basis of federatingStates which are the parts of the macro-regions.For a lack of the inventory on locational andspatial aspects and inadequate regional economicanalysis of the development plans, the nationalplan leans heavily on the aggregated sectoral plansof States and inter-State comparison of selectedsectors of development.

The spatial and the locational frameworkarrived at in the manner mentioned above wouldserve to pin-point areas of growth and corres-ponding locations that take care of the key sectorsof the national plan. Political factors that enterinto actual policy formulation would then have anobjective basis for reconciliation. More intensiveanalysis is needed at the State level for integrating


the growth areas and growth-points evolved out ofthe regional development policy considerationinto the plans of different sub-regions within theStates.

47. The central theme of the passage is concernedwith—(A) The importance of regional development

policy(B) The need for inventory of the spatial and

locational patterns(C) The goals of economic and social deve-

lopment(D) The sectoral plans of States

48. The crux of the problem for regionaldevelopment planning is—

(A) Leaning heavily on the sectoral plans ofState

(B) Political factors entering into actualpolicy formulation

(C) Integration of growth areas and growthpoints

(D) Lack of inventory of the spatial andlocational aspects

49. Dividing the country into macro-regions com-prising groups of federating States could bedone on the basis of—(A) The inter-State and intra-State plans(B) The analysis of inventory(C) The individual sector analysis(D) The inter-regional analysis

50. Political considerations are very much essen-tial in—(A) National planning(B) Regional development policy

(C) Inter-sectoral development(D) All of the above

Answers with Explanations1. (B) 2. (C) 3. (C) 4. (A) 5. (C)6. (D) 7. (B) 8. (A) 9. (B) 10. (D)

11. (A)12. (D) Following is the concentration of Gonds

(from higher to lower)—Bastar, Chandrapur,Durg, Andhra Pradesh (Southern–Westernparts); and Southern Western parts of Odisha.

13. (B) 14. (B) 15. (C) 16. (D) 17. (D)18. (A) 19. (D) 20. (D) 21. (B) 22. (D)23. (A) 24. (C) 25. (B) 26. (D) 27. (D)28. (C) 29. (C) 30. (B)31. (B) Garo and Khasi are mainly confined to

the eastern part of Meghalaya. It has maxi-mum population of both the tribes.

32. (D) 33. (A) 34. (C) 35. (A) 36. (C)37. (C) 38. (C) 39. (A) 40. (D) 41. (A)42. (C) 43. (B) 44. (A) 45. (A) 46. (C)47. (A) The main subject of the text is to study

National economy for State DevelopmentPolicy under National Planning.

48. (A) The main subject of the problem of StateDevelopment Planning is excessive depen-dence on divisional projects of the state,whereas it should be solved by developing theexisting structure.

49. (B) It could be done by dividing the countryinto Macro-regions comprising of groups offederating states and study of their inventory.

50. (D) For political plans, state developmentpolicy and inter divisional development,political determination is required. For thispolitical thoughts must be amalgamated withdeep analysis to form the policy thereby.


Paper-II

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objec-tive type questions, each question carrying two (2)marks. Attempt all of them.61. Which one of the following forces is respon-

sible for syncline formation ?(A) Crustal faulting(B) Crustal rifting(C) Crustal compression(D) Crustal sinking

62. Pediplains and inselbergs are features of theold stage of which cycle of erosion ?(A) Glacial (B) Karst(C) Arid (D) Marine

63. Which of the following terms does not indi-cate similar processes ?(A) Diastrophism (B) Folding(C) Exfoliation (D) Warping

64. In which of the following the direction of flowof streams is controlled by rock structure ?(A) Consequent (B) Subsequent(C) Insequent (D) Obsequent

65. Match List-I with List-II and mark the correctanswer in the codes given below—

List-I(a) Wind erosion(b) Groundwater depletion(c) Glacial Deposition(d) River erosionList-II1. Drumlins 2. Stalagmites3. Barkhans 4. PeneplainsCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 2 1 4(B) 2 1 4 3

(C) 2 4 3 1

(D) 4 2 3 1

66. What is recorded with the help of a hy-drograph ?

(A) Wind velocity(B) Vapour retention(C) Relative humidity(D) Water discharge

07. The increase in the chloroflurocarbon in theatmosphere is associated with—(A) Ozone depletion(B) Sea level rise(C) Aquatic life depletion(D) Intense sonic pollution

68. What is the point of origin of an earthquakecalled ?(A) Quake centre (B) Epicentre(C) Seismic focus (D) Tectonic point

69. Surface inversion of temperature is a pheno-menon related to—

(A) Increase in temperature with increase inelevation

(B) Decrease in temperature with increasingelevation

(C) Decrease in temperature with decreasingelevation

(D) Increase in temperature with decreasingelevation

10. Who had used the concept of evapo transpira-tion in climate classification ?

(A) Thornthwaite

(B) Koppen

(C) Kendrew(D) Austin Miller


11. Eustatic changes in the sea levels are causedby—(A) Ice ages(B) Epirogenic movements(C) Orogenic movements(D) Isostatic changes

12. Which of the following is a coral island ?(A) Tasmania (B) Lakshadweep(C) Maldives (D) Rameswaram

13. In which of the following States the CHIPCOmovement was started ?(A) Madhya Pradesh (B) Jharkhand(C) Uttaranchal (D) Rajasthan

14. Which one of the following is Taiga biome ?(A) Sub-Arctic biome(B) Sub-Saharan biome(C) Savanna grass(D) None of the above

15. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Coral Reef(b) Shoal(c) Abyssal Plain(d) Continental SlopeList-II1. Organic ocean deposit2. Deep, relatively flat surface of the ocean

floor3. Steep descent from the shelf break4. Detatched elevation with shallow depthsCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 3 1 4(B) 1 4 2 3(C) 3 2 4 1(D) 4 1 3 2

16. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other lebelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A): Ritter did not state the

relationship between historyand geography as clearly asHumboldt.

Reason (R) : Immanual Kant understoodthe relationship betweenhistory and geography muchmore clearly than Ritter.

Code :

(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)explains (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R)does not explain (A)

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false

(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

17. The book ‘COSMOS’ of Alexander VonHumboldt was based on his travel to one ofthe following continents—

(A) Asia

(B) North America

(C) Europe

(D) South America


Assertion (A) : Humboldt had no immediatefollowers in academic circlein Germany, since he neveroccupied any academicposition.

Reason (R) : The real followers of Hum-boldt scientific travellers.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)

explains (A)




19. “Nature does not drive man along a particularroad, but it offers a number of opportunitiesfrom among which man is free to select”.This statement implies—

(A) Deterministic approach(B) Possibilistic approach(C) Deterministic and possibilistic both

approach(D) Probabilistic approach


20. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codes givenbelow—

List-I (Name of Geographers)(a) Alexander Von Humboldt

(b) Ellen Churchil Semple

(c) Peter Haggett

(d) Jean Brunhes

List-II (Name of Country)1. France

2. U.K.

3. U.S.A.

4. Germany


(A) 4 2 3 1

(B) 1 2 3 4

(C) 4 3 2 1

(D) 2 3 1 4

21. Urban environmental degradation is causedby various factors :

1. Suspended Particular Matter (SPM)

2. Polluted Water

3. Carbondioxide

4. Vehicular emissionChoose the correct answer—(A) 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct(B) 2 and 4 are correct(C) 2 and 3 are correct(D) 1 and 4 are correct

22. An increase in urban population takes place ata rate much faster than rural populationsbecause—(A) Urban population has high birth rate(B) Rural population has high death rate(C) Large number of people migrate to urban

centres(D) Urban centres offer better scope for

employment

23. The most important criterion for classificationof towns is—

(A) Population (B) Site

(C) Shape (D) Functions

24. A high and gradually declining fertility ofover 30 per thousand and a sharply reducedmortality rate of over 15 per thousand ischaracteristic of demographic transition of—(A) First stage (B) Second stage(C) Third stage (D) Last stage

25. When the population density of an area isobtained through division of the totalpopulation by the total agricultural area it istermed—(A) Arithmetic density(B) Agricultural density(C) Economic density(D) Physiological density

26. North Atlantic Oceanic route is the World’smost important route because—(A) There is Labrodor cold-water current(B) There are developed nations on both sides(C) There is U.S.A. on the west coast(D) It is a safe navigation route

27. Which one of the following is not related toPlantation Agriculture ?(A) Tea cultivation(B) Coffee cultivation(C) Rubber latex production(D) Soyabean cultivation

28. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other lebelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Weber’s theory hinges on

transportation costs butignores the fact that freightrates may not alwaysincrease in direct proportionto the distance.

Reason (R) : The freight rates, however,may not be similar for rawmaterial and finished goods.


explains (A)


(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong

(D) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct


29. Which one of the following is a large scalemap ?

(A) 1 : 2,50,000 (B) 1 : 10,00,000

(C) 1 : 25,000 (D) 1 : 50,000

30. The best-suited soil for cotton cultivation is—

(A) Laterite soil (B) Regur soil

(C) Sandy soil (D) Loamy soil


Assertion (A) : Virgin soils newly clearedoff forests account forhighest yield of coffee.

Reason (R) : Coffee is a soil exhaustivecrop.


explains (A)


(C) (A) is right, but (R) is wrong

(D) (A) is wrong, but (R) is right

32. Cultural landscape shows—

(A) Human impact on environment

(B) Dominance of nature

(C) Impact of ecological factors

(D) Association of fauna and flora

33. Which one of the following districts isdominated by tribal population ?

(A) Kanyakumari (B) Bastar

(C) Rohtak (D) Karnal

34. The primitive people who live in Kalaharidesert are known as—

(A) Pigmies (B) Bantus

(C) Bushman (D) Todas

35. Which one of the following has no caste inthe scheduled category ?

(A) Nagaland

(B) Manipur

(C) Dadra and Nagar Haveli

(D) Puducherry

36. Which of the Indian states has the maximumnumber of common borders with other IndianStates ?

(A) West Bengal (B) Madhya Pradesh

(C) Chhattisgarh (D) Karnataka

37. Which one of the following attributes is not ameasure of Human Development ?

(A) Literacy

(B) Life expectancy

(C) Per capita income

(D) Consumer expenditure


Assertion (A) : The levels of urbanizationin the Advanced countriesfollowed an elongated ‘S’shaped curve.

Reason (R) : The levels of urbanization inIndia has followed almost astraight line.


explains (A)




39. Which of the following is the most suitableterm to define a metropolitan region ?(A) Formal (B) Functional(C) Economic (D) Generic

40. Who among the following suggested the triadof mutual relationship among “Place, workand folk” ?(A) Le play (B) Clarence Stein(C) Le Corbusier (D) Ebenezer Howard

41. Factors that contribute to minimisation ofregional imbalances in development aremany. Which one of the following is the mostrelevant ?(A) Increasing accessibility(B) Strengthening forward and backward

linkages of regional economies


(C) Investment in less developed regions(D) Planning the development of metropoli-

tan centres

42. Which one of the following states is theleading one in terms of total fish catch ?(A) Kerala (B) Tamil Nadu(C) West Bengal (D) Gujarat

43. Which river out of the following is older thanthe Himalayas ?(A) Sutlej (B) Ganga(C) Beas (D) Ravi

44. Which one of the following states experiencedheavy snowfall during February 2005 ?(A) Assam (B) J&K(C) Mizoram (D) Sikkim

45. Which one of the following is correct ?(A) Arithmetic mean is a numerical value(B) Arithmetic mean is not affected by the

variability in the data set(C) Arithmetic mean is always a positive

number(D) Arithmetic mean is not useful for any

further statistical analysis of the data

46. Which of the following is the appropriatemethod for study of dispersion ?(A) Mean (B) Median(C) Mode (D) Standard Deviation

47. Isohrone Map shows lines connecting—(A) Equal travel time(B) Equal transport costs(C) Equal travel distance(D) Areas with similar accessibility

48. Dasymetric map is an improved version ofchoropleth map as it effectively shows thefollowing—(A) The homogeneity and rapid change(B) The differences and uniqueness(C) The gradual areal changes(D) The random distribution

Directions—(Q. 49 and 50) Read the follow-ing passage carefully and answer the givenquestions—

Human geography has used absolute, relativeand relational concepts of space. In the absoluteconception, space is considered a distinct physical,empirical and real entity. In the relative

conception space is a relation between events andthus related to time and process. In the relationalconception space is not viewed in term of itsgeometry, but in terms of how spatial relations arecarved out through human practice, that is throughspatial organization.

49. Morphological studies adopt which conceptof space ?(A) Absolute (B) Relational(C) Relative (D) Both (A) and (C)

50. Spatial organization is primarily based on—(A) Spatial geometry(B) Spatial process(C) Spatial relations(D) Spatial-Social dialectic

Answers with Explanations1. (C) Syncline formation is attached with

foldings, which is due to crustal compression.

2. (C) Pediplains & Inselbergs are the featuresassociated with Aid region.

3. (C) Diastrophism, folding and warping are thesame features which exfoliation is associatedwith, breaking, splitting and peeling of outerrock layers caused by the expansion of saltcrystals with in the interstices of the rocksurface.

4. (A) 5. (A)

6. (C) Relative humidity is recorded with thehelp of hydrograph.

7. (A) Increase in CFC in the atmosphere isassociatic with ozone depletion.

8. (C) The point of origin of an earthquake isknown as seismic focus or focus.

9. (A) In normal lapse rate there is a decrease intemperature with increasing altitude, but insurface inversion there is a increase intemperature with increase in elevation.

10. (A) It was Thornthwaite who used the conceptof evapo-transpiration in his climatic classifi-cation of world.

11. (A) Eustatic changes in sea level is caused bydecay of development of ice-sheet.

12. (B) Lakshadweep island is a coral island.

13. (C) CHIPCO Movement was Started at Uttran-chal/Uttarakhand.

14. (A) 15. (B)


16. (D) Ritter, like Vidal-de-la Blache was of theopinion that earth and its inhabitants stand inthe closest reciprocal relations and are cannotbe truly presented in all its relationshipwithout the other. Hence, History andGeography must always remains in separable.

17. (D) 18. (C) 19. (D) 20. (C) 21. (A)22. (C) In order to get jobs, and education

alongwith other facilities, large number ofpeople migrate to urban areas, cause increasein urban population.

23. (A) Indian towns has been classified accordingto size of population.

24. (B) 25. (B)26. (B) North Atlantic Oceanic route is not only

the most important sea route, but also one ofthe busiest route. It is due to the developednations like USA, Canada, England andFrench, on its both side (i.e. in East & West).

27. (D) Tea, Coffee and Rubber can be grown inplantation agriculture, but Soyabean cannotbe grown as a plantation agriculture.

28. (A) 29. (C) 30. (B) 31. (A) 32. (A)

33. (B) Bastar district of Chhattisgarh is domina-ted by the tribal people.

34. (C) Bushman primitive people live in Kalaharidesert of South Africa.

35. (A) As per census of 2001, Nagaland does nothas any Scheduled caste population.

36. (C) Chhattisgarh is surrounded by 6 states(i.e. Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Orissa, AndhraPradesh, Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh)While West Bengal, Madhya Pradesh andKarnataka are surrounded by 5 states each.

37. (D) Measurement of Human developmentIndia is 1. Literacy, 2. Life expectancy, 3. Per-capita income. But the consumer expenditureis not the measurement of Human Develop-ment.

38. (C) 39. (B)

40. (A) Le-play has suggest the trio idea ofrelationship of place, work and folk.

41. (C) 42. (C) 43. (A) 44. (B) 45. (A)

46. (B) Median is used for the study of dispersion.

47. (D) 48. (A) 49. (B) 50. (D)

June 2008Geography

Paper-II

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objec-tive type questions, each question carrying two (2)marks. Attempt all of them.

1. V-shaped valley is formed during the—

(A) Mature stage of glacial erosion(B) Old age of fluvial cycle of erosion(C) Youthful stage of fulvial cycle of erosion(D) Old age of arid cycle

2. The term ‘Pangea’ was coined by–(A) Alfred Wegener (B) A. N. Strahler(C) Sharp (D) W. M. Smith

3. The ocean current Benguela is noticed in—(A) Pacific Ocean (B) Indian Ocean(C) Atlantic Ocen (D) Arctic Ocean

4. The concept ‘‘landscape is a function ofstructure, process and stage’’ was evolvedby—(A) Griffith Taylor (B) Davis(C) Penck (D) Thornbury

5. Acid rain is caused by—(A) Excess carbon dioxide in the atmosphere(B) Washout of sulphuric acid by precipi-

tation(C) Excess in greenhouse gases emission

from tropical forests(D) Abnormal variations in composition of

gases in the atmosphere

6. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given ahead—

Assertion (A) : The river valleys are usuallynarrow shaped in the youth-ful stage.

Reason (R) : Pothole drilling is a domi-nant erosional process res-ponsible for down cuttingof river valleys.



the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false


7. Which of the following types of cloudsoccupy the lowest layer ?(A) Stratus (B) Cumulus(C) Cumulonimbus (D) Cirrus

8. Pollution plume is the result of—(A) A regional wind caused by a pressure

gradient(B) Unequal distribution of temperature(C) Abnormalities caused by latent heat of

condensation(D) Interaction among different types of air

masses

9. Polar frontal theory is associated with—(A) Origin of trade wind tract(B) Origin of tropical cyclones(C) Origin of Tornadoes(D) Origin of Jet Stream

10. Atoll is one of the stages of—(A) A natural reservoir(B) A pressure system(C) A coral development(D) Development of the carbon sink in the

ocean

11. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given ahead—

List-I (Physiographic Region)(a) Aravallis(b) Karnataka Plateau(c) Satpura Mountains(d) Himalayas


List-II (Hills/Range)1. Mishmi hills 2. Delhi ridge3. Baba Budan hills 4. Maikal rangeCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 3 2 1 4(D) 2 3 4 1

12. The following are the four land use zonesassumed to exist around the central town in anisolated state according to the Von Thunen’sModel :1. Firewood and lumber.2. Intensive crop farming (grazing and root

crops).3. Crop farming (with fallow and pasture).4. Market gardening and fresh milk.Select the correct sequence of the land usezones from centre to outward using the codesgiven below—Codes :(A) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (B) 4, 2, 3 and 1(C) 4, 1, 2 and 3 (D) 3, 2, 4 and 1

13. Who propounded the concept of areal dif-ferentiation ?(A) Jean Brunhes(B) Richard Hartshorne(C) David M. Smith(D) H. S. Barrows

14. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Geographic Humane(b) Influence of Geographic Environment(c) Erdkunde(d) AlmagestList-II1. Ptolemy 2. Carl Ritter3. Jean Brunhes 4. E. C. SempleCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 4 2 1(B) 4 3 1 2(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 2 1 4 3

15. Quantitative Revolution in Britain was mainlypopularised by—

(A) David M. Smith (B) T. W. Freeman(C) Peter Haggett (D) L. Dudley Stamp

16. Which one of the following sequences relatedto the development of geographical thought iscorrect ?(A) Kant-Varenius-Vidal-de-la Blach-Hum-

boldt(B) Varenius-Kant-Humboldt-Vidal-de-la

Blach(C) Vidal-de-la Blach-Humboldt-Varenius-

Kant(D) Humboldt-Varenius-Kant-Vidal-de-la

Blach

17. Settlement pattern in a region is affected inIndia by—(A) Social infrastructure(B) Physical Linkages(C) Population growth-rate(D) Agricultural Practices

18. A city region is marked with—(A) Under development(B) Backwardness(C) Availability of mineral resources(D) Concentrated development

19. Decadal population growth-rate in Indiaduring 1991-2001 was—(A) 20·11% (B) 26·20%(C) 23·60% (D) 21·34%

20. Centrality of a place is determined on thebasis of its—(A) Transport modes(B) Administrative status(C) Functional strength(D) Number of education institutions

21. Name the propounder of Rimland theory—(A) Mackinder (B) Spykman(C) Monkhouse (D) Hartshorne

22. Which one of the following Transport modelsis suitable for rural development in India ?(A) Truck–Railway–Shipment–Bullockcart(B) Bullockcart–Truck–Railway–Ships(C) Railway–Ship–Air Transport–Bullock-

cart(D) Bullockcart–Railway–Air transport–Ship


23. Who among the following was first toformulate the method of crop-combination ?(A) Nelosn (B) Doi(C) Rafiullah (D) Weaver

24. Population migration streams are determinedby—(A) Political decision(B) Push and pull factor(C) Historical events(D) Religious factor

25. Hoyt propounded—(A) Sector model of city structure(B) Rank-size rule(C) Concept of Primate City(D) Multi-nuclei model of city structure

26. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—

List-I (State)(a) Orissa (b) Jharkhand(c) Madhya Pradesh (d) Rajasthan

List-II (Iron ore reserves %)1. 0·7 2. 183. 26 4. 22


(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 3 1 2 4(D) 2 3 1 4

27. Demographic transition model is based ondata from the demographic experience of—(A) North Western Europe(B) USA(C) South-East Asia(D) South America

28. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other lebelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given ahead—Assertion (A) : Japan is a developed

country.Reason (R) : It is necessarily critical to

have natural resourceswithin the country for itsdevelopment.



the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but(R) is false(D) (R) is true, but (A) is false

29. Name the theory of Industrialization proposedby Weber—(A) Transport–cost theory(B) Resource–based theory(C) Footloose industires theory(D) Labour–based theory

30. Modern concept of agricultural diversificationis related to—(A) Large number of crops(B) Value added crops(C) Monoculture crops(D) Ecologically most suitable crops

31. In which year did Von-Thunen develop themodel of agricultural land use Zonation ?(A) 1817 (B) 1826(C) 1850 (D) 1847

32. Gond’s concentration is largely located in—(A) Indian Thar desert(B) Baghel Khand Region(C) Bastar Region(D) Bundel Khand Region

33. Which one of the following crop is used forlarge-scale supply and demand in interna-tional market ?(A) Millets (B) Rice(C) Wheat (D) Gram

34. The origin of Monsoon in the Indian sub-continent is largely linked with—(A) EI Nino and ENSO Events(B) Localised weather perturbations(C) Shape of the Indian Sub-continent(D) Sea surface temperature variation in the

Indian Ocean

35. Which one of the following sequences ofStates is in the decreasing order of sex ratio ?(A) Andhra Pradesh–Tamil Nadu–Chhattis-

garh–Kerala(B) Tamil Nadu–Kerala–Andhra Pradesh–

Chhattisgarh


(C) Kerala–Chhattisgarh–Tamil Nadu–Andhra Pradesh

(D) Chhattisgarh–Andhra Pradesh–Kerala–Tamil Nadu

36. Meghalaya State is known for the followingTribal combination—(A) Khasi–Mizo (B) Garo–Khasi(C) Naga–Mizo (D) Khasi–Naga

37. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertaion (A) : The new industrial towns

are numerically dominatedby make adult population.

Reason (R) : Migration is age and sexselective.



the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

38. The Western Ghats in Maharashtra is knownis—(A) Nilgiris (B) Cardmom Hills(C) Annamalai (D) Sahyadris

39. Map showing the depths of Oceans and Seasis termed as—(A) Ethnographic map(B) Orographic map(C) Bathymetric map(D) Geological map

40. Which one of the following is largest scale ofmap ?(A) 1 : 500,000 (B) 1 : 100,000(C) 1 : 50,000 (D) 1 : 10,000

41. River basin is a—(A) Micro-region (B) Macro-region(C) Hilly region (D) Backward region

42. Which one of the following is a NodalRegion ?(A) Industrial Region(B) Tribal Region(C) Metropolitan Region(D) Central district in a State

43. Forward linkages facilitate—(A) Diversification(B) Unbalanced development(C) Excessive pressure on resource(D) Social development

44. National Remote Sensing Agency (NRSA) islocated at—(A) Dehradun (B) Hyderabad(C) Bangalore (D) Thumba

45. Which one of the following is centrographicmeasure ?(A) Standard distance(B) Median(C) Arithmetic Mean(D) Geometric Mean

46. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Mathematical Tradition(b) Exploration(c) Inductive Method(d) Literary Tradition

List-II1. Phoenician 2. Thales3. Homer 4. Aristotle


(A) 3 1 2 4(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 2 1 4 3

Directions—(Q. 47–50) Read the followingpassage and answer the given questions—

One hazard of the green revolution lies in therequirement that the genetic strains bred for highyields must be used to the exclusion of a variety ofnative strains. Should the high-yield strain provevulnerable to an epidemic plant disease, the entirecrop of a whole nation could be wiped out in oneseason. Current research in crop breeding is nowstressing the development of more individualizedvarieties that respond better to local conditions.These varieties are less subject to epidemicdiseases and can still produce improved yieldswith less fertilizer input. A second hazard lies inthe need to increase the size of fields by mergingmany small plots into large ones to allowmechanized agriculture to work most efficiently.In so doing, a variety of food crops is no longergrown, and dependence for survival comes to rest


on the single crop. Under traditional practices, theAsiatic farmer planted several food crops toensure that if some failed, others would yieldenough food to prevent starvation. The smallfarmer is therefore reluctant to move to moreefficient, single-crop agriculture.

It seems obvious now that future increases inyields will be achieved only by modifying thetechniques of the green revolution to become lessdependent on industrial midlatitude technology.New crop strains and methods of cultivation andfertilization will have to be more compatible withancient agricultural systems and local culturepatterns.

Soil scientists have pointed out that largeareas of Vertisols remain to be placed under culti-vation. The Vertisols are rich in nutrient bases, butwill require machine cultivation to overcomedifficult tillage. Primitive plows and hoes cannotwork these soils. Most of the arable land of thesavanna environment in South-East Asia hasalready been intensively developed by existingstandards. To hope for major expansion of agri-culture into poor Oxisols and to semidesert zonesmarginal to the tropical deserts is, at best, un-realistic.47. What is the focal theme of the passage given

above ?(A) Need for emphasis on traditional agricul-

ture(B) Need for emphasis on the use of indus-

trial midlatitude technology(C) Need for modification in the techniques

of Green Revolution(D) Need for development of unproductive

lands48. One of the hazards of the Green Revolution

is—(A) Monoculture(B) Multicrop Agriculture(C) Use of Machines(D) Small size of fields

49. Current research in agriculture is beingoriented to—(A) The development of new fertilizers and

pesticides(B) Development of the varieties of seeds

suitable for local conditions(C) Development of areas of Oxisols(D) Development of new machines

50. Traditional Asiatic Cultivation emphasizes—(A) Mechanised agriculture

(B) Use of fertilizers in large quantity(C) Monoculture(D) Multicrop agriculture

Answers with Explanations1. (C) V-shaped valley is formed due to youthful

stage of fulvial cycle of erosion. In this stagethe river appears in the plains with constantlyreducing speed of the flow to make theerosion confined and the river with its V-shape valley moves forward.

2. (A) 3. (C) 4. (B) 5. (B) 6. (B)7. (A) 8. (C) 9. (D) 10. (C) 11. (D)

12. (C) 13. (B) 14. (A) 15. (C) 16. (B)17. (D) 18. (D) 19. (D) 20. (C) 21. (B)22. (B) 23. (D) 24. (B) 25. (A)26. (A) The iron ore reserves in ascending order

is Jharkhand (Singhbhoom), Odisha (Mayur-bhanj, Kyojhar), Madhya Pradesh, WestBengal, Karnataka and Rajasthan.

27. (A) 28. (C) 29. (A) 30. (D) 31. (B)32. (C) Gond is the biggest among all Indian

tribes. They are mainly concentrated inBastar, Chandrapur and Durg. Besides,Andhra Pradesh and Southern-Western partsof Odisha are also inhabited by them.

33. (C) 34. (A) 35. (C)36. (B) The tribes in Northern-Eastern hill state

Meghalaya are more than 50%, in which Garoand Khasi take the lead. Besides, Naga,Chakma, Dafla, Gurung, Limbu, Mikir,Bhutia, Kuki and Gaddi also live there, buttheir population is comparatively low.

37. (A) 38. (D) 39. (C) 40. (D) 41. (A)42. (D) 43. (A) 44. (B) 45. (B) 46. (D)47. (C) In the given passage, the central idea is

probable dangers of Green Revolution andnecessary unprovements in the technique.

48. (A) Monoculture is one of the severe hazardsof the Green Revolution. Should the highyield strain prove vulnerable to an epidemicplant desease, the entire crop of a wholenation could be wiped out in one season.

49. (B) Looking into hazards of Green Revolutionthe current research in agriculture is beingoriented to the development of varieties ofseeds suitable for local conditions.

50. (D) Traditional Asiatic cultivation emphasizeson multicrop agriculture because in the wakeof destruction of single crop, another cropcould be had to satisfy hunger.


Paper-II


1. The process of weathering refers to—(A) Lateral expansion of valleys(B) Spread of Continental-shelf(C) Breakdown of rock materials(D) Building of rock cut platform

2. Stalagtites and stalagmites are depositionallandscape of—(A) Glaciated region(B) Limestone region(C) Coastal topography(D) Fluvial topography

3. Heat budget refers to—(A) Solar radiation(B) Balance between incoming and outgoing

radiation(C) Temperature distribution over the

continents(D) Heat distribution over land and sea

4. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—

List-I (Airmass type)(a) Arctic Airmass(b) Antarctic Airmass(c) Equatorial Airmass(d) Tropical Airmass

List-II (Symbol)1. T 2. A3. AA 4. E


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 4 1 2 3

5. The correct sequence of landforms evolvedduring the cycle of fluvial erosion is—(A) Rapids – waterfalls – alluvial fans –

peneplain(B) Waterfalls – rapids – peneplain – alluvial

fans(C) Peneplain – alluvial fans – rapids

– waterfalls(D) Waterfalls – peneplain – alluvial fans

– rapids

6. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answwer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The water droplets are

found to be high in thetroposphere.

Reasons (R) : The temperature variationin the troposphere is notalarming compared tostratosphere.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is



7. The soil-water budget was developed by—(A) Thornthwaite (B) Kendrew(C) Koppen (D) Austin Miller

8. The correct sequence of the Oceans in term ofarea is—(A) Indian – Pacific – Arctic – Atlantic(B) Pacific – Atlantic – Indian – Arctic(C) Indian – Pacific – Atlantic – Arctic(D) Arctic – Indian – Atlantic – Pacific

9. Bay of Bengal is a—(A) Large marine ecosystem(B) Small marine ecosystem


(C) A subset of small marine ecosystem(D) A subset of large coastal ecosystem


List-I (Fields of Study)(a) Micro climatology(b) Geomorphology(c) Meteorology(d) Hydrology

List-II (Scholars)1. Petterson 2. Griffith Taylor3. Ward 4. Worchester


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 4 1 3(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 3 1 4 2

11. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : In arid and semi-arid re-

gions sheet flood is animportant landforming pro-cess.

Reason (R) : Arid and semi-arid regionsexperience high intensityshort duration rainfall.



correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (R) is true, but (A) is false

12. Which one of the following is an example offootloose industry ?(A) Paper industry(B) Manufacturing of electronic components(C) Cement industry(D) Aluminium industry

13. The winter position of subtropical jet streamfluctuates between—(A) 20° and 35° N (B) 35° and 65° N(C) 5° and 20° N (D) 30° and 50° N

14. If the population of the largest city of a regionis 8 lacs, what will be the populatin of fourthrank city according to Ziff’s Rank-size Rule ?(A) 6 lacs (B) 4 lacs(C) 2 lacs (D) 0·5 lacs

15. Which of the following characteristics is nottrue about frontier ?(A) Frontier is a zone(B) Frontier is outer-oriented(C) Frontier is inner-orinted(D) Frontier between early tribal societies

was generally called a ‘no man’s land’

16. Pattern of population distribution is deter-mined by—(A) Availability of Minerals(B) Agricultural practices(C) Cultural practices(D) Physiographic characteristics

17. Which of the following groups of religionsoriginated in the Middle east ?(A) Judaism – Christianity – Confucianism(B) Judaism – Islam – Christianity(C) Judaism – Islam – Taosim(D) Islam – Christianity – Confucianism

18. Ozone depletion may lead to—(A) Water shortage(B) Forest fire(C) Occurrence of skin cancer(D) Resurgence of waterborne diseases

19. Who wrote the book ‘Anthropogeographie’ ?(A) F. Ratzel(B) E. C. Semple(C) Vidal-de-la-Blache(D) Charles Darwin

20. Humboldt wrote his famous book ‘Cosmos’after he conducted fieldwork in—(A) Europe (B) West Africa(C) South America (D) North America

21. Philosophical approach in geographicalwritings was first adopted by—(A) Carl Ritter(B) Richard Hartshorne(C) Bernhard Varenius(D) Immanuel Kant


22. Who edited the book ‘Geography of theTwentieth Century’ ?(A) H. J. Mackinder(B) Vidal-de-la-Blache(C) T. W. Freeman(D) Griffith Taylor


List-I (Scholar)(a) Sauer (b) Taaffe(c) L. C. King (d) Baker

List-II (Field of contribution)1. Agricultural Geography2. Geomorphology3. Transport Geography4. Cultural GeographyCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 4 3 2 1

(B) 2 3 4 1

(C) 1 2 3 4

(D) 3 1 2 4

24. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Scholars)(a) Christaller (b) Ravenstein(c) Tansley (d) Lucien Febvre

List-II (Model/Concept)1. Possibilism2. Ecosystem3. Laws of Migration4. Central Place Theory


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 3 2 1 4(D) 2 1 4 3


List-I (Tribe)(a) Mikir (b) Korwa(c) Tharu (d) Aong

List-II (State)1. Uttarakhand2. Andaman and Nicobar Islands3. Meghalaya4. Chhattisgarh


(A) 2 4 1 3(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 4 3 2 1

26. Which sector of the economy is leastnecessary for sustainable economic develop-ment ?(A) Primary (B) Secondary(C) Tertiary (D) Quaternary

27. Which one fo the following is considerednon-renewable resource ?(A) Water Resource (B) Animal Resource(C) Coal Resource (D) Forest Resource

28. Who evolved the method of measurement ofagricultural efficiency ?(A) S. S. Bhatia (B) R. L. Singh(C) S. P. Chatterjee (D) Enayat Ahmad

29. Which one of the following is an ideal com-bination for the establishment of heavyindustries ?(A) Coal-Iron-Water(B) Coal-Electricity-Market(C) Coal-Electricity-Bank(D) Coal-Cotton-Bank

30. Which one of the following philosophies wasadvanced by August Comte ?(A) Empiricism (B) Positivism(C) Marxism (D) Humanism

31. The concept of sequent occupance wasadvocated by—(A) H. H. Barrows(B) C. D. Harris(C) D. S. Whittlesey(D) Richard Hartshorne

32. Regional Planning aims at—(A) Development of agriculture(B) Balanced development


(C) Development of heavy industries(D) Development of small scale industries

33. The concept of counter-magnet is associatedwith—(A) Western Ghats plan(B) South-East resource region(C) Rayalseema plan(D) National Capital Region Plan

34. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReasons (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Ratzel’s concept of ‘Leben-

sraum’ was based on theidea that ‘State’ is similar tothe ‘Organism’.

Reason (R) : Ratzel was a deterministand was under the influenceof Darwin’s theory of ‘Sur-vival of the fittest’.



the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (R) is true, but (A) is false

35. The soils which originate in the humid regiondue to the accumulation of large amounts oforganic matter are known as—(A) Desert soils (B) Peat soils(C) Red soils (D) Laterite soils

36. The areas lying to the east of the WesternGhats covering Karnataka, interior TamilNadu, Western Andhra Pradesh and CentralMaharashtra are known as—(A) Sub-tropical Steppe Region(B) Tropical Steppe Region(C) Tropical Savana(D) Tropical Rainy Climate

37. Which State of India is the largest producer ofSoyabean ?(A) Rajasthan (B) Gujarat(C) Uttar Pradesh (D) Madhya Pradesh

38. Which State of India is the largest producer ofwheat ?(A) Punjab (B) Haryana(C) Uttar Pradesh (D) Madhya Pradesh

39. Which State of India has the highest produc-tivity of wheat per hectare ?(A) Bihar (B) Uttar Pradesh(C) Punjab (D) Haryana

40. Which one of the following places of Indiawas worst affected by Tsunami in 2004 ?(A) Nagapattinam(B) Kanyakumari(C) Vishakhapattanam(D) Chennai

41. Which one of the following is small scalemap ?(A) Cadastral map(B) SOI Topographical map(C) World Atlas map(D) Tamil Nadu State map

42. In remote sensing, there are four differenttypes of resolution characters. Identify thecorrect order in which they are used—(A) Radiometric–Spatial–Spectral–Temporal(B) Spatial–Spectral–Radiometric–Temporal(C) Temporal–Spectral–Radiometric–Spatial(D) Spectral–Temporal–Spatial–Radiometric

43. Which one of the following is a measure ofdispersion ?(A) Median(B) Geometric Mean(C) Standard Deviation(D) Arithmetic Mean

44. Who was the originator of the regressionanalysis ?(A) Clark and Evans (B) Karl Pearson(C) Spearman (D) Francis Galton

45. Arrange the following river systems of Indiain sequence from North to South—(A) Godavari – Mahanadi – Kaveri – Krishna(B) Mahanadi – Godavari – Krishna – Kaveri(C) Krishna – Kaveri – Godavari – Mahanadi(D) Kaveri – Godavari – Mahanadi – Krishna

46. Road accessibility can best be representedby—(A) Bar diagram(B) Pie diagram(C) Graded symbol map(D) Flow line diagram



The seventeenth century witnessed thebeginning of the scientific revolution that led tothe development of more useful ways ofgeneralizing, explaining and communicating. Theeffort to provide more exact descriptions ofspecific things was replaced by the effort toformulate general theory in relation to whichspecific things could be made significant. In theformulation and testing of theory and incommunicating the findings, a step of majorimportance was the independent development ofcalculus by Newton and Leibniz. The use ofmathematical procedures made the process ofreasoning more precise and provided a universallanguage for the communication of the results.Most of the present fields of science had theirroots in the eighteenth century, during which timethe acceptable methods of study were beingformualted and reliable procedures for verifyinghypotheses were being established.

By the end of the eighteenth century, theideas expressed by Kant had become generallyaccepted. As bodies of theory developed andproved useful, special fields of study appeared.These new fields of study became what Kantcalled the logical division of knowledge-incontrast to the physial classification of knowledgein terms of time and space.

The last great figure who could claimuniversal scholarship was Humboldt. No studentof the earth before or since has enjoyed suchacclaim by his contemporaries.

The world of scholarship underwent a basicchange during the nineteenth and twentiethcenturies. Not only have the fields of learning, theacademic disciplines has been greatly elaborated,but also the total number of scholars has reachedunprecedented size. Moreover, the number of re-corded facts about the earth has increasedastronomically. A Humboldt could once master avery large part of the available knowledgeconcerning the earth, but this is no longerpossible.

47. The central theme of the passage is concernedwith—(A) History of scientific revolution(B) Scientific research done by Newton and

Leibniz

(C) Procedure of verifying hypotheses(D) Changing methodological and conceptual

perspective in Geographic thought

48. Large number of various branches of sciencehas their roots in—

(A) Seventeenth Century(B) Sixteenth Century(C) Eighteenth Century(D) Nineteenth Century

49. Why, in eighteenth century, were the conceptsand methods of Kant acceptable ?

(A) Because Kant was a physical geographer

(B) He provided method of classification ofknowledge

(C) He separated geographical research fromhistorical research

(D) Development of theory and its verifi-cation was possible

50. Who was the ‘last of the great polymaths’ ?

(A) Humboldt (B) Leibniz(C) Kant (D) Newton

Answers with Explanations1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (B) 4. (B) 5. (A)

6. (B) 7. (A) 8. (D) 9. (B) 10. (B)

11. (C) 12. (B) 13. (A) 14. (C) 15. (A)

16. (D) 17. (B) 18. (C) 19. (A) 20. (C)

21. (D) 22. (D) 23. (A) 24. (B) 25. (B)

26. (D) 27. (C) 28. (A) 29. (A) 30. (B)

31. (C) 32. (B) 33. (D) 34. (B) 35. (B)

36. (B)

37. (D) The order of states with maximumsoyabean production is—Madhya Pradesh,Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Gujarat.

38. (C) The order of states producing maximumwheat is—Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana,Rajasthan and Bihar.

39. (C) Productivity of wheat per hectare in India(from higher to lower) is—Punjab, Haryana,Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan and Bihar.

40. (A) In the year 2004 Nagapattinam was badlyaffected by Tsunami, which cost it dearly.

41. (C) 42. (B)


43. (C) The measure of dispersion is standarddeviation (σ)

D irect Method—SD(σ)

∑d 2

N or

∑( y – N

Short Method—SD = i ∑fx2

N – ( )∑fx

N

2

x - ) =

44. (D) 45. (B) 46. (D)

47. (A) The central theme of the passage is con-cerned with scientific revolution from 17thcentury to 19th century.

48. (C) The root of different branches of sciencelies in 18th century. According to Kant–‘‘As

bodies of theory developed and proved useful,special fields of study appeared. These newfields of study became what Kant called thelogical division of knowledge in contrast tothe physical classification of knowledge interms of time and place.’’

49. (D) The concept and methods of Kant wereacceptable till the end of 18th centurybecause, the development and verification ofthose principles was possible.

50. (A) The last great figure who could claimuniversal scholarship was Humboldt. Noother person of the earth before or since hasenjoyed such acclaim by his contemporaries.

June 2009Geography

Paper-II


1. The slope replacement model was firstproposed by—(A) A. Young (B) A. N. Strahler(C) W. Penck (D) L. C. King

2. Obsequent streams generally flow—(A) Along the consequent streams(B) Opposite to the consequent streams(C) At right angle of the consequent streams(D) Diagonal to the consequent streams

3. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Magma is generated of the

divergent plate boundaries.Reason (R) : Upcoming magma reaches

the surface of the construc-tive plate margins at the topof the divergent plates.




4. Arrange the following inter-glacial periods ina chronological order and select the correctanswer using the codes given below—1. Wurm 2. Riss3. Mindal 4. Gunj

Codes :(A) 4, 3, 2, 1 (B) 3, 1, 4, 2(C) 1, 2, 3, 4 (D) 1, 2, 4, 3


List-I (Theories)(a) Planetesimal hypothesis(b) Thermal contraction theory(c) Geosynclinal Orogen theory(d) Hypothesis of sliding continents

List-II (Authors)1. Kober 2. Chamberlin3. Daly 4. Jefferys


(A) 2 4 1 3(B) 3 4 2 1(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 4 3 2 1

6. The greenhouse effect is due to—(A) Absorption of ultra-violet radiation by

sea water(B) Absorption of infrared radiation by

carbon dioxide and water vapour in theatmosphere

(C) Infrared reflection by oceanic surfaces(D) Absorption of infrared radiation by plants

7. Which of the following conditions wouldprovide for the least amount of insolation ?(A) The sun is near the horizon(B) The earth is at its closest point in its orbit

to the sun(C) The length of the day is maximum(D) The length of the night is at its minimum

8. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given ahead—Assertion (A) : Every planet in our solar

system has an atmosphere.


Reason (R) : Atmosphere is the basis ofall elements of climate.


correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not


9. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Ultra-violet(b) Atmosphere window(c) Ionised radiation(d) Near infrared

List-II1. > 0·8 μm2. < 0·3 μm3. 8 μm to 13 μm4. X-rays and gamma raysCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 2 1 3 4(D) 2 3 4 1

10. Arrange the following layers of atmospherevertically outward from the earth. Select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—1. Ozonosphere 2. Troposphere3. Stratosphere 4. IonosphereCodes :(A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (B) 2, 1, 3, 4(C) 2, 3, 1, 4 (D) 1, 3, 2, 4

11. Water mass heats move slowly than landmass because—(A) Specific heat of water is small(B) Evaporation warms the water surfaces(C) Radiation cannot penetrate the surface

water layer(D) The surface water layer is easily mixed

12. Which of the following is not a characteristicof Phanerophytes ?(A) They can sustain effects of extreme cold

or hot temperatures, drought and highspeed winds

(B) They are commonly found in temperateand moist tropical regions

(C) They are tall perenial trees, shrubs,bushes

(D) The renewal buds of these plants alwaysremain buried

13. In which of the following sequences, theincreasing order of salinity concentration iscorrect ?(A) Red Sea – Gulf of California – Arctic

Ocean – Baltic Sea(B) Gulf of California – Baltic Sea – Red Sea

– Arctic Ocean(C) Baltic Sea – Arctic Ocean – Gulf of

California – Red Sea(D) Arctic Ocean – Gulf of California –

Baltic Sea – Red Sea

14. Which of the following best describes, howthe second law of thermodynamics is appliedto the concept of trophic levels ?

(A) All the organic matter in one trophiclevel is converted during the transfer tothe next higher level

(B) None of the usable energy in one trophiclevel is lost as heat or during transfer tothe next higher level

(C) Much of the usable energy in one trophiclevel is lost as heat or during transfer tothe next higher level

(D) Energy flows at 100% efficiency fromone trophic level to another

15. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Spring tides occur on full-

moon and no moon days.Reason (R) : On fullmoon and no moon

days, the sun and moon arealmost at right angles to theearth.





16. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Recognizing regions re-

quired investigation ofsimilarities as well asdifferences over space.

Reason (R) : Areal differentiation is aboutestablishing degrees ofsameness as well as differ-ences between regions.




17. Welfare Geography emphasizes the analysisof—(A) Regional balanced development(B) Public–private partnership in develop-

ment(C) Urban–industrial development(D) Aspects of Quality of life

18. David Harvey is best known for his contri-butions to—(A) Urban Geography(B) Radical Geography(C) Political Geography

(D) New Economic Geography

19. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—

Assertion (A): The distribution of theworld population is highlyuneven.

Reason (R) : Political environments areresponsible for unevendistribution of population.



correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is false, but (R) is true(D) (A) is true, but (R) is false

20. The growth of metropolitan cities is bestexplained by which combination of factors—1. Extension of spatial boundaries2. Immigration3. High Birth-rate4. Annexation of peripheral settlement

Codes :(A) 1, 2, 3 (B) 2, 3, 4(C) 3, 4, 1 (D) 1, 2, 4

21. Settlements are considered to have an evendistribution of R value is close to—(A) 0·5 (B) 1·0(C) 1·5 (D) 2·0

22. An urban settlement to be classified as a cityin the Indian Census should have a minimumpopulation of—(A) 1 lakh (B) 3 lakhs(C) 5 lakhs (D) 10 lakhs

23. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Cities with very rapid rates

of growth have more maleadult population.

Reason (R) : City-ward migration is sexage selective.




24. Coolgardie and Kalgoorlie are famous as—(A) Resort towns(B) Mining towns(C) Industrial towns(D) Institutional towns

25. Which of the following is a biotic resource ?(A) Iron (B) Coal(C) Copper (D) Mica

26. Which one of the following is based on theprinciple of least cost ?(A) Weber’s theory(B) Losch’s theory


(C) Smiths spatial profitability theory(D) Von-thunen theory


List-I(a) France (b) Ukraine(c) Germany (d) USA

List-II

1. Salgilter Region2. Mesabi Region3. Lorraine Region4. Krivoy Rog Region

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 4 3 1 2(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 1 2 4 3(D) 4 1 3 2

28. Arrange the following with respect to bulkshipping trade (2001) in India in descendingorder—(A) Kandla, Chennai, Mumbai,

Vishakapatnam(B) Mumbai, Kandla, Chennai,

Vishakapatnam(C) Vishakapatnam, Chennai, Kandla,

Mumbai(D) Mumbai, Chennai, Vishakapatnam,

Kandla

29. In McKinder’s Heartland theory, the IndianOcean was included in—(A) Outer Crescent(B) Inner Crescent(C) Secondary Heartland(D) World Island

30. Who made the statement that whosoever rulesEurasia controls the destiny of the world ?

(A) Spykman (B) Kjellan(C) Mackinder (D) Haushofer

31. Which combination of the following tribes isconfined to a single State of North-East India ?

(A) Khasi – Nagas (B) Garo – Khasi(C) Naga – Mizo (D) Khasi – Mizo

32. Which one of the following sets belongs toDravidian group of languages ?(A) Kannada, Telugu(B) Marathi, Gujarati(C) Malayalam, Oriya(D) Tamil, Marathi

33. The concept of place–folk–work was givenby—(A) Clarence Stein(B) Le Play(C) Vidal-de-la-Blache(D) Jean Brunhes

34. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A): Regional disparities have

increased both at the re-gional and interpersonallevels in the post-liber-alization period in India.

Reason (R) : New-liberal policies arebased on the principles ofcomparative advantage andadhere to the efficiencycriterion.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R)

explains (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) does

not explain (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

35. The concept of the ‘neighbourhood unit’ inurban planning was given by—(A) Le Corbusier(B) Clarence Perry(C) Lewis Mumford(D) Frand LLoyd Wright

36. One of the most comprehensive attempts todelineate India into planning regions wasmade by—(A) The Planning Commission of India(B) Town and Country Planning Organisa-

tion(C) National Council for Applied Economic

Research(D) Indian Institute of Public Administration


37. Lakshadweep Islands are of—(A) Volcanic origin (B) Coral origin(C) Tectonic origin (D) Alluvial origin

38. Domestication of plants and animals wasstarted in the—(A) Eolithic period (B) Mesolithic period(C) Neolithic period (D) Paleolithic period

39. Which of these historic monuments is notassociated with Delhi ?(A) Gateway of India (B) Appughar(C) Qutubminar (D) Red Fort

40. The upliftment of the Himalayas was firstinitiated the period of—(A) Middle Pliocene (B) Middle Oligocene(C) Middle Eocene (D) Middle Miocene

41. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Meghalaya (b) Manipur(c) Nagaland (d) Mizoram

List-II1. Kohima 2. Aizwal3. Shillong 4. ImphalCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 2 4 1(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 2 3 1 4(D) 3 2 1 4

42. Cadastral map is meant for—(A) Showing Urban areas(B) Relief and drainage(C) Distribution of crops(D) Showing plot/field boundaries

43. International projection is a modified formof—(A) Polyconic (B) Sinusoidal(C) Bonne’s (D) Cylindrical equal Area

44. Which of the following is the component ofGIS ?(A) Data input and verification sub-system(B) Data reporting sub-system(C) Data storage and retrieval sub-system(D) Data manipulation and analysis sub-

system

45. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason

(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Median is not affected by

the values of extremeitems.

Reason (R) : It needs an arrangement ofthe data in ascending ordescending order.




46. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Homolographic (b) Orthomorphic(c) Equidistant (d) Azimuthal

List-II1. True bearing 2. Equal area3. Correct shape 4. Equal distanceCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 2 1 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 2 3 1 4(D) 4 2 1 3


The great underlying principle of modernGeomorphology is known as the principle ofuniformitarianism. It was first enunciated byHutton in 1785, beautiful restarted by Playfair in1802 and popularized by Lyell in the numerouseditions of his ‘Principles of Geology’. Huttontaught that ‘‘the present is the key to the past’’,but he applied this principle some what too rigidlyand argued that geologic processes operatedthroughout geologic time with the same intensityas now. We know now that this is not true.Glaciers were much more significant during thePleistocene and during other periods of geologictime than now; world climates have not alwaysbeen distributed as they now are, and, thus,regions that are how humid have been desert andareas now desert have been humid; periods ofcrustal instability seem to have separated periodsof relative crustal stability, although there are


some who doubt this and there were times whenvulcanism was more important than now.Numerous other examples could be cited to showthat the intensity of various geologic processes hasvaried through geologic time but these is noreason to believe that streams did not cut valleysin the past as they do now; that the morenumerous and more extensive valley glaciers ofthe pleistocent behaved any differently fromexisting glaciers; that the winds which depositedthe Navajo sandstone during Jurassic timesobeyed the different laws from those whichcontrol wind movements today, groundwateropened up solutional passageways in limestonesand other soluble rocks and formed surfacedepressions which are now called sinkholes duringthe permian and Pennsylvanian periods as it doestoday in many parts of the world.

Without the principle of Uniformitarianismthere could hardly be a science of Geomor-phology that was more than pure description.47. What is the main theme of uniformitarianism ?

(A) Climate has been uniform in geologicaltimes

(B) The present is the key to the past(C) Glaciers were always significant in

geological past(D) The geomorphic processes operated

throughout geological times, operatedwith the same intensity as now

48. Who first enunciated the principle of uni-formitarianism ?(A) Playfair (B) Dutton(C) Hutton (D) Kober

49. Glaciers were more significant in the geo-logical period—(A) Tertiary period (B) Pleistocene period(C) Eocene period (D) Permian period

50. A characteristics feature of limestone to-pography is—(A) Yardang (B) Sink hole(C) Bajada (D) Pediment

Answers with Explanations1. (C) 2. (B) 3. (A) 4. (A) 5. (A)6. (B) 7. (A) 8. (B) 9. (D)

10. (C) The layer at the bottom of atmosphere isTroposphere which spreads at the height of 10

to 15 km. Above this is Stratosphere whoseaverage height is considered as 30 km. Afterthis, there is Ozone layer which spreads 30 to60 km on equator and 15 to 35 km on poles.Above this is Ionosphere at the height of 80 to640 km.

11. (C) 12. (D) 13. (C) 14. (D) 15. (C)16. (C) 17. (D)18. (B) David Harvey is know for his

contribution to Radical Geography. RadicalGeography came into being in the first issueof Geography Research Magazine, named‘Antipode’. In its development WilliamBungi and David Harvey emphasised to bringit into the ambit of social values rather thantraditional capitalist system.

19. (A) 20. (C) 21. (D) 22. (D) 23. (A)24. (B)25. (B) Coal is a biotic resource which is made

from the fossils of plants and trees. Iron, cop-per and mica are non-biotic natural resources.

26. (A) 27. (B) 28. (D) 29. (A) 30. (A)31. (B) 32. (A) 33. (B) 34. (B) 35. (B)36. (B) 37. (B) 38. (C)39. (A) Gateway of India is in Mumbai, whereas

Appughar, Qutabminar and Red Fort are inDelhi.

40. (B)41. (B) Capital of Meghalaya is Shillong

Capital of Manipur is ImphalCapital of Nagaland is Kohima, andCapital of Mizoram is Aizwal.

42. (D) 43. (A) 44. (C) 45. (B) 46. (B)47. (B) The principle of uniformitarianism says–

‘‘the present is the key to the past’’. Theprinciple was propounded by Hutton in 1785.

48. (C) Initially Hutton propounded the principleof uniformitarianism in 1785, which wasbeautifully restarted by Playfair in 1802.

49. (B) Glaciers were more significant in thegeological period of Pleistocene period.

50. (B) Limestone topography is an importantshape of sink hole. It is formed due to solubleaction of underground water and friction. Itneeds the following stages—(i) Thick layer oflime rock, (ii) Below this unpregnable rockand (iii) Position of this area above water line.


(Paper-II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objectivetype questions, each question carrying two (2)marks. Attempt all the questions.

1. When endogenetic forces act horizontallyfrom the opposite directions causing compre-ssion and tension, the resultant land form is alarge dome shaped structure, the process iscalled—

(A) Folding (B) Faulting

(C) Fracturing (D) Warping

2. Which one of the following explanations ofthe origin of pediments was first propoundedby A. C. Lawson (1915) ?

(A) Sheet flood deposition(B) Horizontal erosion(C) Recession of mountain front(D) Lateral erosion


Assertion (A) : By far the most commonand widespread topo-graphic form in a Karstterrain is the sinkhole.

Reason (R) : Topographically, a sink-hole is depression thatvaries in depth from lessthan a metre to fewhundred metres.



(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is notthe correct explanation of (A)


4. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Books)(a) Morphology of the Earth(b) Techniques in Geomorphology(c) The Earth(d) The Unstable Earth

List-II (Authors)1. C. A. King 2. Jeffreys3. L. C. King 4. J. A. Steers


(A) 3 1 2 4

(B) 2 4 3 1(C) 3 2 1 4(D) 4 1 2 3

5. Arrange the following concepts in the order inwhich they appeared. Use the codes givenbelow—1 Principle of Uniformitarianism2. Theory of Continental Drift3. Dynamic Equilibrium Theory4. Convection Current TheoryCodes :(A) 1 3 4 2(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 4 1 2 3(D) 1 2 4 3

6. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given ahead—Assertion (A) : Stable atmospheric condi-

tion prevails when environ-mental lapse rate is lessthan dry and wet adiabaticlapse rates.


Reason (R) : The parcel of air is warmerthan the surrounding envi-ronment at all the levels asit ascends.




7. The mature stage of thunderstorm is charac-terized by—(A) Strong updrafts and downdrafts(B) Lack of electrical charges(C) End of precipitation(D) Lack of ice crystals

8. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using codes given below—List-I(a) Katabatic Wind (b) Chinooks(c) Santa Ana (d) FoehnList-II1. Warm dry winds moving down the east

slopes of Rockies.2. Warm dry winds in Southern California.3. Cold air situated over highland area set

in motion.4. Warm dry winds moving down the east

slopes of Alps.


(A) 2 1 3 4(B) 3 1 2 4(C) 1 3 4 2(D) 4 2 3 1

9. The idealised global pattern of surface windfrom the equator of pole is—(A) doldrums – trade winds – westerlies –

easterlies(B) doldrums – westerlies – trade winds –

easterlies(C) doldrums – easterlies – trade winds –

westerlies(D) doldrums – trade winds – easterlies –

westerlies

10. The marine influence upon climate resultsinto—(A) Increase in annual rainfall(B) Increase in aridity(C) Increase in annual temperature range(D) Decrease in annual temperature range

11. Plants that grow under high intensity ofdisturbance and low intensity of stress arecalled as—

(A) Competitors(B) Stress tolerators(C) Coniferous forests(D) Ruderals

12. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer by using the codes givenbelow—

List-I List-II(a) Producer 1. Precipitation

(b) Biota 2. Microbes

(c) Abiotic factor 3. Trees

(d) Decomposer 4. All organisms


(A) 1 3 2 4

(B) 3 4 1 2

(C) 2 3 1 4

(D) 2 4 3 1


Assertion (A) : Water temperature overthe ocean decreases withdepth.

Reason (R) : The decrease in tempera-ture is well marked from370 m to 730 m.





14. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The spatial analysis of

regions advocated byHaggett considers themas closed system.

Reason (R) : The concepts that spatialanalysis uses are : foca-lity, localization, inter-connection and discon-tinuity.


explains (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R)

does not explain (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct

15. Theories of spatial organization draw mainlyfrom—(A) Positivism (B) Functionalism(C) Structuralism (D) Behaviouralism

16. The concept of the ‘natural region’ was givenby—(A) Jean Brunhes (B) Le Play(C) Carl Sauer (D) Vidal-de-la Blache

17. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Walter Isard(b) David Harvey(c) Richard Hartshorne(d) Richard Peet

List-II1. Social Justice and the City2. Methods of Regional Science3. Radical Geography4. Perspectives on the Nature of Geography


(A) 1 2 4 3(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 2 3 1 4(D) 4 2 3 1

18. Natural population growth is a function of—(A) Births(B) Deaths(C) Fertility and mortality(D) Migration

19. Migration in India, as per 2001 Census, ismaximum in which of the following streams ?(A) Rural to Urban (B) Urban to Urban(C) Urban to Rural (D) Rural to Rural

20. The sequence of events in DemographicTransition Theory is—1. High birth-rate and high death-rate2. High birth-rate and low death-rate3. Low birth-rate and low death-rate4. Low birth-rate and high death-rateCodes :(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 1 4(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 3 2 1 4

21. The spatial distribution pattern of ruralsettlements can best be observed from—(A) Wall maps(B) Cadastral maps(C) Geological maps(D) Topographical maps

22. Match List-I with List-II and select correctanswer from the codes given below—List-I (Principle)(a) Fixed K(b) Non-Fixed K(c) Population Threshold and Range of a

good(d) P1P2/D Hypothesis

List-II (Contributor)1. W. Christaller 2. A. Losch3. BJL Berry 4. Zipf5. Reed and MuenchCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 4 2 5(B) 2 5 4 1(C) 4 1 2 3(D) 1 2 3 4


23. How many agricultural systems in the worldwere recognised by Whittlesey ?(A) Five (B) Six(C) Nine (D) Thirteen

24. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I List-II(a) Venezuela 1. Petroleum(b) China 2. Solid fuel(c) Netherlands 3. Wind power(d) France 4. Nuclear power

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 1 4 3 2(C) 3 2 1 4(D) 3 4 2 1

25. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I List-II(a) Tungsten 1. Zambia(b) Cobalt 2. China(c) Chromium 3. Ukraine(d) Manganese 4. South Africa


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 1 2 4 3(C) 2 1 3 4(D) 2 1 4 3

26. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : In temperate regions the

grasslands have been con-verted into fertile agri-cultural lands at places.

Reason (R) : Low temperatures in theselands make the rainfallmore effective.



does not explain (A)


27. The Heartland Theory explains—

(A) Inter-province relationship(B) Centre-State relationship(C) Struggle between land power and sea

power(D) Classification of States


List-I List-II(a) Yakuts 1. North Africa(b) Berbers 2. Russia(c) Khirgiz 3. North America(d) Red Indians 4. Central Asia


(A) 2 4 1 3

(B) 2 1 4 3

(C) 1 4 2 3

(D) 3 1 4 2

29. Which one of the following is most spokenIndo-Austric language in India ?(A) Khasi (B) Santhali(C) Munda (D) Kharia


List-I(a) Heartland(b) Rimland(c) Classification of States(d) Law of Territorial Growth of States

List-II1. Van Valkenburg 2. Ratzel3. Spykman 4. Mackinder

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 4 3 1 2(B) 3 4 2 1(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 2 1 3 4


31. Which of the following is not a socialindicator of regional development ?

(A) Number of primary schools in the region(B) Number of primary health centres in the

region(C) Number of medical professionals per

thousand population(D) Number of tertiary workers in the

population

32. Regional diversity is essentially caused by—

(A) Per capita income(B) Natural resource base(C) Industrial development(D) Levels of urbanization

33. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other is labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—

Assertion (A) : The growth pole strategyfailed to bring balancedregional development inIndia.

Reason (R) : Diffusion of developmentunder conditions ofgeneral regional back-wardness is weak.

Codes :





34. Patrick Geddes applied which of the fol-lowing perspectives in Regional Planning ?

(A) Technological

(B) Socio-economic

(C) Environmental

(D) Historical-ecological

35. Concern with regional disparities in develop-ment was explicitly mentioned in which FiveYear Plan of India ?

(A) Second (B) Fourth(C) Seventh (D) Tenth

36. Which city of Gujarat is associated with saltproduction ?(A) Surat (B) Kandla(C) Vadodara (D) Gandhidham


List-I List-II

(a) Iron Ore 1. Assam(b) Petroleum 2. Chhattisgarh(c) Mica 3. Rajasthan(d) Rock Phosphate 4. Jharkhand


(A) 4 3 1 2

(B) 2 1 4 3

(C) 2 1 3 4

(D) 2 3 1 4

38. Which of the following cities is situated onthe mouth of river Tapi (Tapti) ?

(A) Ankleshwar (B) Vadodara

(C) Ahmedabad (D) Surat

39. Which one of the following is in the rainshadow of the Western Ghats ?

(A) Mahabaleshwar (B) Baramati

(C) Panchghani (D) Ratnagiri

40. Arrange the following Indian States indescending order of their geographical area—

1. Maharashtra 2. Karnataka

3. Rajasthan 4. Tamil Nadu

Codes :(A) 3 1 4 2

(B) 1 3 4 2

(C) 4 3 1 2

(D) 3 1 2 4

41. Circle and sector diagram is also known as—

(A) Ring diagram (B) Pile diagram

(C) Pie diagram (D) Pictorial diagram

42. The projection in which Loxodromes areshown as straight lines is—(A) Gnomonic(B) Mercator’s


(C) Gall’s Stereographic(D) Cylindrical Equal Area

43. A system which consists of data acquisition,data processing and data analysis is called—(A) Digital Image(B) Geographic Information System(C) Remote Sensing System(D) Global Positioning System

44. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer by using the codes givenbelow—List-I(a) Dispersion(b) Tally mark(c) Slope of regression line(d) CorrelationList-II1. b 2. SD3. r 4. frequencyCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 2 3 1(B) 2 4 3 1(C) 2 4 1 3(D) 4 2 1 3

45. The method which shows by the use of lightand shade is called—(A) Hill shading (B) Spot heights(C) Hachure (D) Benchmarks


The main problem of theory-development ingeography is not a failure to formalise theory. Itis, rather, a weak understanding of the role oftheory in explanation and a failure to make verbalstatements in ways which are ‘explanatory’ insome logically consistent way. This is not to saythat these verbal statements are inherentlyuninteresting. Indeed they are not. Consider thefollowing statement by Sauer (1963, 359)—

The whole task of human geography, there-fore, is nothing less than comparative study ofareally localized cultures…… But culture is thelearned and conventionalized activity of a groupthat occupies an area. A culture trait or complexoriginates at a certain time in a particular locality.It gains acceptance – that is, is learned by a group

and is communicated outward, or diffuses, until itencounters sufficient resistance, as fromunsuitable physical conditions, from alternativetraits, or from disparity of culture level.

This statement is part a ‘directive’ forgeographic study, it is part an explanation schemesfor understanding areally localised cultures, it ispart a description of what happens. But all threenotions are intertwined and it is not clear whetherSauer is proposing a theory or whether he ismerely describing an average process. Yet thestatement is surely a stimulating one and one thatmanages to sum up intuitively in very short spacemuch of the activity of the human geographer. Wecould well pay more attention to statements of thistype and attempt to show how they may functionin an explanatory way.

46. Through this statement, Sauer is proposinga—(A) Theory (B) Process(C) Directive (D) Not very clear

47. The task of Human Geography is—(A) Intuitive (B) Stimulating(C) Intertwined (D) All of these

48. Culture is—(A) Conventionalized Activity(B) Directive for the society(C) An explanatory way of life(D) Stimulation for future generation

49. Human Geography is the study of—(A) Human-beings in Society(B) Human Adaptation of Nature(C) Areal Differentiation in Culture(D) Areal Differentiation in Human Re-

sources

50. What is the focal theme of the passage givenabove ?(A) Culture and areal differentiations in

cultures(B) Human Geography(C) Laws and theories in Geography(D) The role of Geography in Scientific

Disciplines

Answers with Explanations1. (D) Endogenetic forces that make changes

over the surface are of two types : 1. Horizon-tal movement, 2. Vertical movements. Due to


crogenetic forces tension and compressiontake place. In to compression due wraping adome shaped structural landform in resulted.

2. (C) As per A. C. Lawson’s view pediments ispropounded due to recession of mountainfront.

3. (C) In Karst Region, when the water enters inthe cracles of rocks and dissolve the solublematerial, numerous sink holes are formed butits depth is mere a few metres to 20 metres(normally from 3 metres to 10 metres) but notfew hundred metres.

4. (A)5. (D) Correct sequence of the different theories

given in Q. is as follows—1. Principle of uniformitarianism—17852. Theory of continental drift—18583. Dynamic equilibrium theory—1924–534. Convection current theory—1928-29

6. (B) When environmental lapse rate is lessthan the dry and wet adiabatic lapse rate, theatmospheric conditions are stable in the sameway parcel of air is warmer than the surroun-ding environment at all the levels as itascends.

7. (A) Strong updrafts and downdrafts are thecharacteristics of mature stage of thunder-storm.

8. (B)9. (D) Global pattern of surface wind from the

equator to poleward is as follows—1. Doldrums 5° Lat. to both the hemispherefrom equator trade winds 5–10° to 30–35°Lat. in both the hemisphere Easterly upperpart of atmosphere (though they are the partof trade winds) Westerlies 30–35° to 60° Lat.

10. (D) Due to the marine influence the annualrange of temperature is decreased.

11. (D) 12. (B) 13. (C) 14. (A)15. (A) Spatial analysis is closely associated with

the philosophy of positivism.16. (D) The concept of natural region was given

by Vidal-de-Le Blache, to which he said pays.17. (B)18. (A) Birth rate governs the natural population

growth.19. (B) 20. (A)21. (D) The spatial distribution of Rural Settle-

ments can best be observed from topogra-

phical maps rather than wall cadastral andtopographical maps.

22. (D)23. (D) Whittlesey has divided world into

following thirteen agricultural regions :1. Nomadic herding region, 2. Livestockranching region, 3. Shifting cultivationregion, 4. Rudimental sedentary tillage region,5. Intensive subsistence tillage with ricedominant, 6. Intensive subsistence tillagewithout paddy rice, 7. Commercial plantation,8. Mediterranean agricultural region,9. Commercial grain farming region,10. Commercial livestock and crop farmingregion, 11. Subsistence crop and livestockfarming region, 12. Commercial dairy farmingregion, 13. Specialized horticultural region.

24. (A) 25. (D) 26. (A)27. (C) F. J. Maickender (England) was the Prof.

of Geography in London University, was alsothe member of British Parliament as well asdirector of Political Science. He in his article,“The Geographical Pivot of history” geogra-phically analyse the political aspect of theworld, which was based on struggle of landand sea power.

28. (B) 29. (B) 30. (A) 31. (C) 32. (C)33. (B) 34. (C) 35. (B) 36. (A) 37. (C)38. (D)39. (B) Baramati, situated in Eastern part of

Western Ghat which is a leeward side whileMahabaleshwar, Panchgani and Ratnagiri aresituated in the Western part of Western Ghatis a windward side.

40. (D) Area of the given states in the question isas follows—1. Rajasthan 3,42,239 km2, 2. Maharashtra3,07,713 km2, 3. Karnataka 1,91,791 km2,4. Tamil Nadu 1,30,158 km2.

41. (C) Pie diagram is also known as circle andsectoral diagram. In this diagram the circle isassociated with the area of a pie and differentsectors shown in circle are associated withdifferent aspect of that item which are shownon the bases of angles.

42. (B) 43. (B) 44. (C) 45. (A) 46. (A)47. (B) 48. (A) 49. (C) 50. (A)

June 2010Geography

(Paper-II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objectivetype questions, each question carrying two (2)marks. Attempt all the questions.61. The statement–“The present is the key to the

past” was given by—(A) G.K. Gilbert (B) James Hutton(C) W.H. Davis (D) Walter Penk

62. Which process of chemical weathering causesrusting of iron ?(A) Carbonation (B) Oxidation(C) Hydration (D) Dissilication

63. Sea floor spreading theory was propoundedby—(A) Harry Hess (B) Tuzo Wilson(C) A. Hobbes (D) D. L. Holms

64. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Theory)(a) Sea floor spreading theory(b) Continental drift theory(c) Elastic rebound theory(d) Radioactivity theory

List-II (Names of Scientist)1. Wegner 2. Harry Hess

3. Joly 4. Reed


(A) 2 1 4 3

(B) 3 4 2 1

(C) 1 2 3 4

(D) 4 3 2 1

65. Red Sea is an example of—

(A) Synclinal valley

(B) Volcanic structure

(C) Rift valley

(D) Eroded valley

66. Which of the following factors is responsiblefor the planetary wind belts ?

(A) The tilt of earth’s axis(B) The rotation of earth(C) High and low pressure belts(D) Differential rate of heating of land and

water

67. Given below are two statements, one islabelled as Assertion (A) and the other islabelled as Reason (R).

Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—

Assertion (A) : Remains of older mountainbelts lie within the shieldsin few places.

Reason (R) : Older mountain belts inshield areas are composedof soft sedimentary rocks.

Codes :

(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong

(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong

68. The correct sequence of the following featurestowards sea from the coast is—

(A) Berm – Lowtide terrace – Longshoretrough – Longshore bar

(B) Longshore trough – Longshore bar –Berm – Lowtide terrace

(C) Lowtide terrace – Berm – Longshore bar– Longshore trough

(D) Longshore bar – Lowtide terrace – Berm– Longshore trough


69. Given below are two statements, one islabelled as Assertion (A) and the other islabelled as Reason (R).Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—

Assertion (A) : When sand arrives at aparticular section of thebeach more rapidly, than itis carried away, the beachis widened and built oceanward.

Reason (R) : The progradation process iseverywhere common in thecoastal environment.

Codes :(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong(B) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong

10. Who propounded the concept of ‘PolyClimax’ ?(A) Clement (B) Tanslay(C) Whittaker (D) Haeckel

11. The ‘Agenda 21’ was adopted in which of thefollowing conventions ?

(A) Stockholm convention(B) Rio-Earth summit(C) Rotterdam convention(D) Ramsar convention

12. The correct sequence of Koppen’s climatictype from Nile delta towards Congo basin is—

(A) BWh – BSh – Aw – Af(B) Aw – Af – Bsh – BWh

(C) BWh – Aw – BWh – Af

(D) Af – Aw – BSh – BWh

13. Given below are two statements, one islabelled as Assertion (A) and the other islabelled as Reason (R).Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : There is a little mixing of

air between the troposphereand stratosphere.

Reason (R) : The stratosphere holds largevolume of water vapour anddust.




14. “The special purpose of Geography is thecomparison of unity in multiplicity” is thestatement of—(A) Carl Ritter (B) Ratzel(C) Hartshorne (D) Humboldt

15. Which of the following area's observationmotivated Davis to develop his concept on‘Cycle of Erosion’ ?(A) Missouri (B) Grinoco(C) Montana (D) Red River

16. Kant viewed Geography as a—(A) Spatial science(B) Chorological science(C) Regional science(D) Systematic science

17. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Mark Jefferson(b) Robert Dichinson(c) Arthur Robinson(d) Alexander Von Humboldt

List-II1. Urban Geography2. Settlement Geography3. Physical Geography4. Cartography


(A) 2 4 1 3(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 1 3 4 2(D) 3 1 2 4

18. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given ahead—List-I(a) Strabo(b) Firamanus


(c) Solinus

(d) Elisee Reclus

List-II1. Christian Topography2. Historical Memoir3. La Terre4. Rerum Memorabilum


(A) 2 3 1 4(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 4 2 3 1(D) 2 1 3 4

19. City-size distribution is best depicted by—(A) Urban hierarchy(B) Central place theory(C) Rank-size rule(D) Losch’s Hexagonal Model

20. According to UN projections, which one ofthe following regions will contributemaximum to the global urban population by2030 ?(A) South Asia (B) East Asia(C) South East Asia (D) Latin America

21. Given below are two statements, one islabelled as Assertion (A) and the other islabelled as Reason (R).Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Social landscape is a region

in which one or severalgroups live and share acommon set of ideas abouttheir immediate environ-ment.

Reason (R) : It is a region where humanneeds, identity, security andstimulation are satisfied.




22. Given below are two statements, one islabelled as Assertion (A) and the other islabelled as Reason (R).Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Logistic population growth

is allowed to develop in anoptimal environment ofunlimited size.

Reason (R) : The growth follows anexponential curve.






23. Carl Sauer is best identified for his classicwork related to—(A) cultural landscape(B) economic landscape(C) social landscape(D) physical lanscape

24. pH value of moderately alkaline soils variesbetween—

(A) 4·5 to 5·0 (B) 5·0 to 5·5

(C) 5·8 to 6·4 (D) 7·8 to 8·4

25. Which one of the following agriculturalsystems is described as ‘Child of IndustrialRevolution’ ?

(A) Intensive subsistence tillage(B) Livestock ranching(C) Subsistence tillage(D) Collective farming


List-I (Scholar)(a) Von Thunen(b) Julian Wolpart(c) W.W. Leontieff(d) Toresten Hagerstrand

List-II (Model)1. Input output model2. Diffusion model


3. Concentric rings of landuse4. Decision making modelCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 3 2 4(B) 4 2 1 3(C) 3 1 2 4(D) 3 4 1 2

27. Which one of them is a footloose industry ?(A) Iron and steel industry(B) Automobile industry(C) Cement industry(D) Cotton textile industry

28. Transport route development model by Taffeis based on his studies on—(A) Ethiopia and Egypt(B) Sudan and Nigeria(C) Kenya and Nigeria(D) Ghana and Nigeria

29. Which of the following ports has an outerharbour for export of iron ore ?(A) Kolkata (B) Mumbai(C) Vishakapatanam (D) Cochin

30. Match the association of the following ethnicgroups in List-I with List-II and find thecorrect answer from the codes given below—

List-I List-II(a) Masai 1. African grassland(b) Bhils 2. North-East India(c) Bushman 3. Kalahari

(d) Kukis 4. Rajasthan


(A) 2 1 3 4

(B) 1 2 3 4

(C) 3 1 2 4

(D) 1 4 3 2

31. Which of the following set of languages arespoken in descending order ?

(A) English, Chinese, French, Russian

(B) Chinese, French, English, Russian

(C) Russian, English, French, Chinese

(D) Chinese, English, French, Russian

32. Regions deleanated on the basis of relation-ship are called—(A) Natural regions(B) Nodal regions(C) Planning regions(D) Developing regions

33. Improving human welfare without causingdamage to the environment is called—(A) Regional development(B) Regional planning(C) Sustainable development(D) Resource analysis

34. Which one of the following is an idealcombination for setting up iron and steelindustry ?(A) Coal – Electricity – Market(B) Coal – Iron ore – Water(C) Electricity – Water – Iron ore(D) Coal – Water – Cotton

35. In which of the following States of IndiaUranium is embedded in the igneous andmetamorphic rocks ?(A) Tamil Nadu (B) Maharashtra(C) Rajasthan (D) Kerala

36. Which is the largest physiographic division ofIndia ?(A) Great Northern Plains(B) Great Indian Plateau(C) Greater Himalayas(D) The Coastal Plains

37. Which of the following earthquakes was theseverely devastating and disastrous thatoccurred in India ?(A) Kangra Earthquake of 1905(B) Bihar earthquake of 1934(C) Gujarat earthquake of 2001(D) Koyna earthquake of 1967


List-I List-II(Waterfalls) (Rivers)

(a) Chulia 1. Narmada(b) Sivasamudram 2. Chambal(c) Bheraghat 3. Cauvery(d) Mundru 4. Subernrekha



(A) 2 3 1 4(B) 1 2 4 3(C) 2 4 1 3(D) 4 3 1 2

39. Economic reforms in India are leading to—1. Concentration of economic activities.2. Widening gaps between the rich and

poor people.3. Higher growth rate of metropolitan areas.4. Low cost access to urban amenities and

services.(A) 1 and 2 are correct(B) 1, 2 and 3 are correct(C) 2 and 4 are correct(D) 1, 3 and 4 are correct

40. According to nearest-neighbour index, whatwould be the maximum value for a completedispersed settlement pattern ?(A) 0·00 (B) 1·55(C) 2·15 (D) 2·88

41. Which of the following is a geo-synchronoussatellite ?(A) LANDSAT (B) METEOSAT(C) IRS (D) KITSAT

42. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Characteristics)(a) Depiction of spatial interaction(b) Lines of distribution of equal value(c) Distinguish different areas by use of

colours(d) A real unit of mappingList-II (Map type)1. Isopleth2. Flow map3. Chorochromatic4. ChoroplethCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 1 3 4(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 1 2 4 3(D) 3 2 1 4

43. Relative shift of mean centre of populationdistribution in any region over a period oftime can be examined applying—(A) Nearest neighbour analysis(B) Harmonic mean(C) Mean deviation from mean(D) Weighted arithmetic mean

44. Temperature measured on Kelvin scale is anexample of—(A) Comparative scale(B) Vernier scale(C) Interval scale(D) Ratio scale

45. The suitable method to measure the change inspatial concentration of scheduled tribespopulation in India during the last threedecades is—(A) Coefficient of variation(B) Gini coefficient(C) Index of diversification(D) Index of dissimilarity

46. Diversified cropping system in subsistenceagricultural system is governed by :1. Local demands2. Local resource base3. Market forces4. Technological know–howSeclect the correct codes—Codes :(A) 1, 2 and 3 are correct(B) 1, 2 and 4 are correct(C) 2, 3 and 4 are correct(D) 1, 3 and 4 are correct


The chorological concept of geographyfocused on the study of the earth’s surface interms of variations between areas (later namedareal differentiation), was originally developed byRichthofen (1883) and subsequently advanced byHettner in Germany. It was popularized and raisedto the level of the dominant concept of geographyin the English-speaking world throughHartshorne’s monumental Nature of Geography(1939). A strong tradition of regional geographyhad already developed in France under theleadership of Paul Vidal de la Blache. Indeed


regional geography reigned supreme in the worldof geographical scholarship until the early 1950’safter which the regional paradigm for com-prehending the earth as the world of manbegan, starting with Schaefer (1953), to beattacked as one that propagated ‘exceptionalism’and ‘ideography’ in the discipline and thereby ledthe geographer away from the fundamental goal ofscience, i.e., the search for general principles ofbehaviour. A few years earlier, Kimble (1951) hadcondemned the concept of region as an eighteenthcentury concept. He maintained that “it is links inthe landscape …… rather than the breaks thatimpress” the scientific mind. Bunge (1966) wasconvinced that the regionalists error lay in their“nation of the uniqueness of location”, owing towhich they emphasized exceptions rather thansimilarities between places and locations. Coupledwith this was a general impression that the Frenchtradition of viewing the region as an ecologicalunit for the analysis of human groups was nolonger relevant to the study of places and regionsin the post-Industrial Revolution societies likethose in Europe. All this contributed to awidespread retreat from regional geography. Thismeant the “eclipse of a traditional component ofgeography” which was until recently considered asine quanon of the discipline.47. The central theme of the passage is concerned

with—(A) Contributions made by Richard

Hartshorne(B) Research done by Ferdinand von

Richthofen and Alfred Hettner(C) Contributions made by Fred K. Schaefer(D) History of regional concept

48. Who developed the concept of areal differen-tiation in geography ?(A) Richard Hartshorne(B) Paul Vidal de la Blache(C) Alfred Hettner(D) Ferdinand Von Richthofen

49. Who stated that the region is an eighteenthcentury concept and it links the land slope…… rather than the breaks ?(A) Fred K. Schaefer(B) Richard Hartshorne(C) G.H.T. Kimble(D) Paul Vidal-de-la Blache

50. ‘Pays Concept’ is associated with—(A) German school(B) French school(C) American school(D) Russian school

Answers with Explanations1. (B) “The same physical processes and laws

that operate today, operated throughoutgeologic time although not necessarily alwayswith the same intensity as now”, This conceptof modern geology known as a uniformi-tarianism, was propounded by James Huttan aScotish Geomorphologist, which was later onknown as Present is the key to past.

2. (B) Oxidation is one of the varieties ofchemical weathering in which oxygendissolved in water reacts with certain rockmineral especially iron to form oxides andhydroxides. The menifests itself in a brownishor yellowish staining of the rock surfacewhich ultimately disintegrates.

3. (A) During the decade of 1970’s (Herris1960) has proved through its researches thatoceans and continents were never stationary.

4. (A)5. (C) Red sea is an example of Rift valley

related with valley of river Jordan, extendedupto Zembeji river in a length of 4800 km.

6. (C) Origin of Planetary winds is associatedwith the Law and High pressure area, resultedwith the rotation and temperature of the earthsurface.

7. (A) Remains of old mountain beets are nevercomposed of soft sedimentary rocks.

8. (A) 9. (C)10. (B) The concept of poly-climax was propoun-

ded by Tanslay.11. (B) Agenda 21 was adopted in Rio-Earth

summit in June 1992.12. (A)13. (C) There is no dust and wsatervapour in the

stratosphere. It is found in troposphere.14. (A) The fundamental principle evolved by

Ritter was unity in diversity or in multiplicity.15. (C) W.M. Davis in 1877 while doing observa-

tions in Montana developed the theory of cycleof erosion, which he defined as geomorpholo-gical cycle.


16. (B) According to Kant-History studies thephenomena which follow one after the otherin time (Chronological Science) whileGeography studies phenomena which lie sideby side in space (Chorological Science).

17. (B) 18. (B)19. (C) Difference in the rank size of cities in any

region is the reference of the characteristics ofurbanization in that region. It is supposed thatrank size rule is the best among all themethods which produce correct picture ofurban things as per their size. F. Ayerbuck,G.K. Giff, H.R. Smith are the urban Geogra-phers who supported rank size rule.

20. (A)21. (C) In a region it is not necessary that human

needs, identity, security and stimulation aresatisfied.

22. (C)

23. (A) Carl O, Sauer focused that humanGeographers should make cultural processesthe base of their thinking and observation.

24. (D) pH value of moderality alkaline soil variesbetween, 7·8 to 8·4.

25. (D) 26. (D) 27. (B) 28. (A)

29. (C) Vishakapatnam port has an outer harbourfor export of coal.

30. (D) 31. (B) 32. (B) 33. (C) 34. (B)

35. (C) 36. (B)

37. (C) In Gujarat Earthquake of 2001, occurredat Bhuj. Nearly one lac people were killedand thousands were injured, its intensity onrictor scale was 7·9.

38. (A) 39. (D) 40. (C) 41. (B) 42. (B)

43. (D) 44. (A) 45. (A) 46. (A) 47. (D)

48. (D) 49. (C) 50. (B)


Paper-II


1. Delta Kames are the outcome of—(A) Glacial erosion(B) Wind deposition(C) River deposition(D) Glacial deposition


List-I (Name of the book)(a) Essays in Geomorphology(b) Morphology of the Earth(c) Unstable Earth(d) Techinques in Geomorphology

List-II (Author)1. L. C. King 2. G. H. Dury3. C. A. M. King 4. J. A. Steers


(A) 2 1 4 3(B) 1 3 4 2(C) 4 2 3 1(D) 4 3 1 2

3. A ramp of sand deposited by streams alongfoothills in the arid land is called—(A) Hamada (B) Bajada(C) Desert Wash (D) Pediment

4. Arrange the following mountain buildingtheories in order in which they published andselect the correct answer using the codesgiven ahead—

1. Continental Drift Theory2. Convection Current Theory3. Sea Floor Spreading Theory4. Plate Tectonic Theory

Codes :(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 4 2 1 3(D) 3 1 2 4

5. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Flowing as a sheet across a

land surface, running waterpicks up particles andmoves them downslope intoa stream channel.

Reason (R) : Stream flow always trans-port all kinds of sedimentload downstream.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not

the correct explanation(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

6. Flat topped steep sided upland capped by aresistant rock layer normally formed in aridlands is called—(A) Erg (B) Cuesta(C) Mesa (D) Escorponant

7. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : A characteristic feature of

the tropical cyclone is itscentral eye.

Reason (R) : Tropical cyclone is notassociated with cloudfreevortex produced by theintense spiralling of thestorm.




the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is false, but (R) is true(D) (A) is true, but (R) is false

8. Rating curve is useful for estimation of—(A) River discharge (B) Stream velocity(C) Dissolved load (D) Hydraulic radius

9. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Coral reefs grow in shallow

and warm water.Reason (R) : Near vertical and direct

incidence of solar radiationis essentially required forthe growth of coral reefs.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true(B) Both (A) and (R) are false(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

10. Sublimation describes the direct transitionfrom—(A) Solid to vapour (B) Vapour to solid(C) Liquid to vapour (D) Vapour to liquid

11. The savanna biome is usually associatedwith—(A) Tropical wet-dry climate(B) Equatorial wet clmate(C) Tropical dry climate(D) Monsoon climate

12. Who was the first Geographer to ascertain thelength of the equator ?(A) Eratosthenes (B) Herodotus(C) Anaximander (D) Thales

13. Who was the first person to plot the Bay ofBengal ?(A) Strabo (B) Ptolemy(C) Al-Masudi (D) Humboldt

14. Who is the author of the book ModernGeographical Thought ?(A) David Harvey

(B) R. J. Johnston(C) Brian J. L. Berry(D) Richard Peet


List-I(a) Humboldt(b) Oscar Peschell(c) Richtofen(d) Ratzel

List-II1. Anthropogeographie2. Erdteile3. Kosmos4. Das Ausland

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 4 3 1(C) 3 2 4 1(D) 3 4 2 1

16. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Isochrone Map(b) Isoneph Map(c) Isotim Map(d) Isophene Map

List-II1. Equal biological event2. Equal time3. Equal cloudiness4. Equal transport cost


(A) 2 3 4 1(B) 2 4 1 3(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 3 2 4 1

17. ‘Principle of Least Effort’ related to humanmigration is propounded by—(A) Stouffer (B) Revenstein(C) Weber (D) Jiff


18. Arrange the following countries in accor-dance with their population size—(A) Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Nepal(B) Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh(C) Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nepal, Sri Lanka(D) Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan

19. Among the following South-Asian countries,which one is the most urbanized ?(A) Nepal (B) Bangladesh(C) Maldives (D) Sri Lanka

20. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : At present urban natural

increase is not an impor-tant contributor to highrates of urban growth asthe rural urban migration.

Reason (R) : Because of lower mortali-ty, natural rate of increaseis higher in the modern erathan in the historical past.




21. Which one of the following is a renewableresource ?(A) Coal (B) Wind energy(C) Iron ore (D) Mica

22. ‘‘All resources are renewable on some timescale …… what matters for the sustainabilityof future supplies is the relative rates ofreplenishment and use …’’In view of the above statement identify thecorrect order of the resource continuum indescending order of renewability—(A) Air, tidal power, bauxite, forest(B) Air, bauxite, forest, tidal power(C) Tidal power, air, bauxite, forest(D) Forest, air, tidal power, bauxite

23. The office of Registrar General and CensusCommissioner of India is responsible for—I. Conducting decennial census and pub-

lication of its related data.

II. Publication of annual land-use data.III. Publication of annual health and edu-

cation data.IV. Publication of annual vital statistics

based on sample registration system.(A) I and II are correct(B) I and IV are correct(C) I and III are correct(D) All are correct

24. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).

Assertion (A): Biomass energy sourcesare renewable resourceslying in the critical limits.

Reason (R) : Biomass can be replen-ished over a time period.

In the context of the two statements, whichone of the following is correct ?Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



25. Which of the steel plants is port based ?(A) Bhilai(B) Durgapur(C) Vizagapattanam(D) Rourkela

26. Which one of the following is not associatedwith political geography ?(A) F. Ratzel(B) I. Bowman(C) R. J. Johnston(D) H. J. Mackinder


List-I (Geographers)(a) C. Sauer (b) D. Harvey(c) F. Ratzel (d) H. J. Johnston

List-II (Associated with)1. Radical geography2. Cultural geography


3. Social geography4. Political geography


(A) 1 3 4 2(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 2 1 3 4

28. In India the State is used as a nationalplanning unit because—(A) It is an administrative unit(B) It is a homogeneous unit(C) Of political considerations(D) Unitform physical features

29. One of the important determinants of urbanland value is—(A) Climate(B) Historical factors(C) Topography(D) Accessibiity

30. The control or direction of resource develop-ment is called—(A) Resource utilization(B) Resource allocation(C) Resource management(D) Resource availability

31. The principle of homogeneity and inter-relationship can be used to delineate unitsfor—(A) Development planning(B) Resources analysis(C) Allocation of resources(D) Location specific facilities

32. During which of the following year NationalWater Policy was formulated in India ?(A) 2002 (B) 1987(C) 2007 (D) 1985

33. Which of the following is not an Agro-cli-matic region of India ?(A) East Coast Plains and Hills(B) The Eastern Plateau and Hills(C) The Western Ghats(D) The Trans Ganga Plains

34. Which one of the following is wronglymatched ?

(Peaks) (Height)

(A) Anaimudi — 2965 m

(B) Nanga Parbat — 7756 m

(C) Mt. Everest — 8848 m

(D) K2 — 8611 m


Assertion (A) : The Northern plains andEastern coastal areaspossess a dense network ofrailways in India.

Reason (R) : These regions have welldeveloped industries.

Codes :

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is thecorrect explanation of (A)





List-I List-II(Rivers) (Dams)(a) Damodar 1. Pong(b) Mahanadi 2. Konar(c) Chambal 3. Naraj(d) Satlej 4. Gandhi Sagar


(A) 2 1 3 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 1 2 3 4

37. Which of the following statement is correcton the share of India’s population to worldpopulation as per 2001 Census ?

(A) 14·7% (B) 15·7%(C) 16·7% (D) 17·7%


38. In remote sensing systems which sensors,measures naturally available energy ?(A) Active Sensors(B) Passive Sensors(C) Synthetic Aperture Radar(D) Microwave Remote Sensing

39. In which of the following diagrams therelationship of relative humidity and tem-perature is depicted ?(A) Hythergraph (B) Climograph(C) Ergograph (D) Band graph

40. Variable class interval for mapping will provemore meaningful when the variable is—(A) Normally distributed(B) Highly skewed(C) Highly consistent(D) Measured on ordinal scale

41. Harmonic mean as a method of centraltendency is suitable for data pertaining to—(A) Index numbers(B) Growth-rates(C) Wind speed(D) Population density


List-I (Mapping technique)

(a) Chorochromatic(b) Choroschematic(c) Isoplething(d) Choroplething

List-II (Characteristics)

1. Density2. Sign and symbol3. Tint layering4. Interpolation


(A) 1 3 2 4(B) 2 4 1 3(C) 3 2 4 1(D) 1 2 3 4

43. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled as

Reason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given ahead—

Assertion (A): Great Lakes region ofU.S.A. is well developedwith industries.

Reason (R) : This region was the regionof earlier settlement inU.S.A. by migrants fromBritain.




44. ‘‘A Handbook of Commercial Geography’’ isa translated work published in 1889. Who ofthe following is the translator ?(A) Dudley Stamp(B) George Chisholm(C) Von Thunen(D) Karl Marx


Assertion (A) : In modern time artifacts arechanging faster than thementifacts of cutlure.

Reason (R) : Economic liberalization andmodernization forces tendto bring critical economyand cultural change.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not


(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is thecorrect explanation of (A)



List-I (Geographer)(a) Losch (b) Weber(c) Thombson (d) Reily


List-II (Theory)1. Agglomeration Theory2. Market Area Location Theory3. Least Coast Theory4. Gravitation Theory

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 1 4(C) 2 4 1 3(D) 3 1 4 2


Yeung and Lo (1996) and Tasaka (1998) haveshown that the dynamics of urbanization in EastAsia and South-East Asia started to change repidlyin the 1980s. Tasaka (1998) characterizes urbani-zation in developing countries as ‘urban involu-tion’, describing the characteristics of urbanizationin developing countries by three terms : ‘concen-trated urbanization’ (urbanization occurs while therural population level is higher than that in de-veloped countries); ‘primate cities’ (overconcen-tration of economic, political and cultural func-tions in primary cities); and ‘over-urbanization’(inflow of population beyond a level the city canproductively absorb). Among the factors associ-ated with over-urbanization are high levels ofunemployment and employment insecurity; large-scale inadequancies of infrastructure such as masstransportation systems, water supply and seweragesystems, and waste treatment facilities; environ-mental pollution; severe stress on urban gover-nance; and overall poverty levels that hamper theformation of financial mechanisms that couldfacilitate urban environmental infrastructure im-provements (Kidokoro 1998).

It is important to bear in mind that besides themechanisms for urban growth described here,there are other driving forces for the urbanizationprocess in Asia, and they vary in differentcountries. Urbanization in Asia is not a uniformprocess. The changes in the mechanisms of urbangrowth described above can be seen as imparting ahuge impact on urban environmental issues. Asthe pace of urbanization accelerates, environ-mental problems may worsen due to inadequateurban environmental infrastructure. On the other

hand, the promotion of economic growth couldspeed up the solutions to environmental problems.

47. The tone of the above passage can best bedescribed as—

(A) Analytical and scientific

(B) Factual but descriptive(C) Behavioural(D) Tentative and inconclusive

48. The author is primarily concerned with—(A) Criticizing the urbanization process(B) The process of urbanization and over-

urbanization in the developing countries(C) Factors of sub-urbanization in the deve-

loping countries

(D) Urban infrastructural growth in Asia

49. Environmental problems according to theauthor can be improved with—

(A) Social inclusion(B) Economic growth(C) Political will(D) Strong legislation

50. ‘Urban Involution’ in the developing countriesis not characterized by—

(A) Rural population level is higher than thatin developed countries

(B) A uniform process of rural urban change(C) Over-concentration of economic, politi-

cal and cultural functions in primatecities

(D) Inflow of population beyond a level thecity can productively absorb

Answers with Explanations

1. (D) Delta Kame is a deposition at the mouthof Esker by Glacial deposition. It is a kind ofridge. It is formed by small sands in morain.

2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (A) 6. (C)

7. (D) 8. (B) 9. (A) 10. (A) 11. (A)

12. (A) 13. (B) 14. (D) 15. (D) 16. (A)

17. (D) 18. (C) 19. (C) 20. (B) 21. (B)

22. (D) 23. (B) 24. (A)

25. (C) India’s only steel plant Dockyard isVizagapattanam.

26. (C) 27. (B) 28. (A) 29. (D) 30. (C)


31. (B) 32. (A) 33. (D) 34. (B) 35. (A)36. (B) 37. (C) 38. (B) 39. (B) 40. (C)41. (B) 42. (C) 43. (A) 44. (B) 45. (B)46. (B)47. (B) Yeung and Lo and Tasaka have shown the

dynamics of urbanisation and over-urbanisa-tion in East Asia and South-East Asia.

48. (B) The author in this para is primarily con-cerned with the process of urbanisation andover urbanisation in the developing countries.

49. (B) According to the author as the pace ofurbanisation accelerates, environmental prob-lem may worsen due to inadequate urbanenvironmental infrastructure which could besolved through economic growth.

50. (B) Since, the process of rural-urban changesare almost same and are not easily visible indeveloping countries. It can be seen onlywhen rural population outcast urban popu-lation in developing countries.

June 2011Geography

(Paper-II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objec-tive type questions, each question carrying two (2)marks. Attempt all the questions.

1. The ‘firn’ is associated with—

(A) Fluvial deposition

(B) Glacial compaction and recrystallization

(C) Wind accumulation

(D) Coastal accumulation

2. The ‘Moho’ discontinuity is the surface ofdemarcation between—

(A) Crust and Mantle

(B) Mantle and Core

(C) Mantle and Outer Core

(D) Outer Core and Inner Core


List-I (Theories)(a) Continental Drift theory

(b) Sea floor spreading theory

(c) Convection Current Theory

(d) Elastic Rebound Theory

List-II (Propounders)1. Harry Hess

2. Reid

3. Wegener

4. Holmes


(A) 3 1 4 2

(B) 1 2 4 3

(C) 4 1 3 2

(D) 1 3 4 2


Assertion (A): The equatorial area atwhich the trade winds con-verge is known as InterTropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ).

Reason (R) : The ITCZ usually lies ator near the meteorologicalequator (Doldrums).




5. Cirrus clouds are at about the height of—(A) 0 – 1·5 km (B) 1 – 3 km(C) 4 – 6 km (D) 8 – 14 km

6. The standard air pressure at the sea level is—(A) 1010·25 mb (B) 1013·25 mb(C) 1015·25 mb (D) 1017·25 mb

7. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given ahead—

List-I (Type of climate based on Koppen’sclassification)(a) As (b) E(c) Bw (d) Cwg

List-II (Region where found)1. North Himalayan Area2. Desert3. Indo–Ganga Plain4. Coromandel coast



(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 4 1 2 3(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 3 4 1 2

8. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I (Theory of origin of tides/coral reefs)(a) Progressive Wave Theory(b) Equilibrium Theory(c) Subsidence Theory(d) Glacial Control TheoryList-II (Propounders)1. Darwin2. W Whewell3. R. P. Daly4. Issac NewtonCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 4 2 3(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 2 4 1 3

(D) 3 4 1 2

9. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answers from the codes givenbelow—

List-I (Continents)(a) North America

(b) South America

(c) Africa

(d) Australia

List-II (Names of Temperate Grassland)1. Veldt2. Downsland

3. Prairie

4. Pampas


(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 2 4 3 1

(C) 3 1 4 2

(D) 3 4 1 2

10. Find out the sequence of vegetation zonesfrom equator to pole—(A) Taiga, Tundra, Selva, Savanna(B) Selva, Savanna, Taiga, Tundra(C) Savanna, Taiga, Selva, Tundra(D) Tundra, Taiga, Savanna, Selva

11. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A): The sea water is more

saline in tropical areas.Reason (R) : Salinity of sea-water is

dependant on temperatureand fresh-water mixing.

Codes :(A) (A) is true, (R) is false(B) (A) is false, (R) is true(C) Both (A) and (R) are true(D) Both (A) and (R) are false

12. Which of the following is different from theother three on the basis of their locations ?(A) Canaries Current(B) Bengula Current(C) Guinea Current(D) Labrador Current

13. Match List-I (Concept/Book) with List-II(Author) and select the correct answer usingthe codes given below—List-I (Concept/Book)(a) Erdkunde(b) Kosmos(c) Chorology(d) Areal differentiationList-II (Propounder/Author)1. Humboldt2. Ritter3. Hettner4. Ratzel5. Richthofen


(A) 1 2 5 4(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 1 2 4 5(D) 2 1 5 3



List-I (Books)(a) Explanation in Geography

(b) Principles of Geomorphology

(c) Geography and Geographers

(d) Where the grass is greener

List-II (Authors)1. R. J. Johnston 2. W. D. Thornbury3. D. M. Smith 4. David Harvey


(A) 4 2 1 3(B) 2 4 3 1(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 1 2 3 4

15. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The work on Geography of

Strabo was largely anencyclopaedic descriptionof the world known to theGreeks.

Reason (R) : Strabo’s book had laiddown a clear foundation forchorological writing ingeography.


(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) doesnot explain (A)


16. The correct sequence of the advent of thefollowing geographers—(A) Ritter – Humboldt – Richthofen – Ratzel(B) Humboldt – Ritter – Ratzel – Richthofen(C) Humboldt – Ritter – Richthofen – Ratzel(D) Ritter – Humboldt – Ratzel – Richthofen

17. Which one of the population theories / modelspostulates a necessary causal link betweenmodernisation on the one hand and fertilityand mortality reduction on the other ?(A) Malthusian Model

(B) Communist – Socialist Theory(C) Demographic Transition Model(D) Neo-Malthusian Model

18. The regularity between the sizes of cities andtheir rank was first noted by—(A) Jefferson (B) Zipf(C) Christaller (D) Auerbach

19. According to Burgess, which of the followingsequences of the concentric zones of citiesfrom the centre to the outer limit is correct ?

(A) CBD, Zone of transition, Residentialzone, Zone of worker’s home, Com-muters zone

(B) Residential zone, CBD, Zone of transi-tion, Commuters zone, Zone of worker’shome

(C) Residential zone, Zone of transition,CBD, Zone of Worker’s home, Com-muters zone

(D) CBD, Zone of transition, Zone ofworker’s home, Residential zone, Com-muters zone


List-I(a) Migration theory(b) Optimum population theory(c) Demographic transition theory(d) Intervening opportunities theoryList-II1. Edwin Cannon2. S. Stouffer3. E. G. Ravenstein4. W. ThompsonCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 3 1 2 4(B) 3 1 4 2(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 4 1 3 2

21. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenahead—Assertion (A) : Japan is a developed nation.


Reason (R) : A ample supply and diversityof natural resources is amajor advantage to a countryfor economic growth.




22. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : A footloose can be defined

as an industry with materialindex = 1.

Reason (R) : A footloose industry can belocated at any location with-out any special economicadvantage or disadvantage.

Code :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is



23. Which indicator from among the followingcould be the best indicator of socialwell-being ?(A) Per Capita Income(B) Population Growth Rate(C) Crude Literacy Rate(D) Life–Expectancy

24. The transport model which suggests asequential expansion of the transport networkwas propounded by—(A) Alan Gilbert(B) Taaffe, Morrill and Gould(C) de Souza and Porter(D) Edward Soja

25. Match the following economic activities withsectors and indicate the correct matches—

(Sectors)(a) Primary sector (b) Secondary sector(c) Tertiary sector (d) Quarternary sector

(Economic activities)1. BPO2. Pisciculture3. Handloom textiles4. City bus serviceCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 2 3 1 4(D) 4 3 2 1

26. The zones and strata theory pertaining to theorigin and diffusion of human races waspropounded by—(A) Ripley (B) Taylor(C) Huntington (D) Baker

27. Boundaries that are allocated and delimitedbefore significant settlement in an area, arecalled—(A) Antecedent boundaries(B) Subsequent boundaries(C) Superimposed boundaries(D) Relic boundaries


Assertion (A) : Mackinder’s theory ofHeartland put forward a keyformula – ‘‘Who rules EastEurope commands theHeartland; who rules theHeartland commands theWorld island; who rules theWorld Island commands theWorld.’’

Reason (R) : Mackinder’s formula of-fered Poland the strategyfor territorial expansion andinternational supremacy.



the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is true(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct


29. Given below are two statements, one islabelled as Assertion (A) and the otherlabelled as Reason (R). Select your answerfrom the codes given below—Assertion (A) : Denmark is a nation state in

true sense of the term.Reason (R) : A nation–state has a terri-

torial base, but does nothave necessarily a social orcultural base.


correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) does



List-I List-II(Language) (Family)

(a) Tamil 1. Indo–Aryan(b) Sinhalese 2. Dravidian(c) Burmese 3. Astronesian(d) Javanese 4. Sind–TibetanCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 3 1 4 2(C) 2 1 4 3(D) 4 3 2 1

31. A functional region is delineated on the basisof—(A) Politico-administrative boundaries(B) Isolines(C) Physical division(D) Fields of Interactions

32. Who developed a methodology for the studyof human communities through focused atten-tion on the ‘Place-Work-Folk’ progression ?(A) T. H. Huxley (B) Patrick Geddes(C) H. R. Mill (D) Vidal-de-la Blache

33. After economic liberalisation started in Indiain 1991, the per capita State incomes in thecountry have—(A) Converged(B) Remained unchanged

(C) Diverged(D) Spread

34. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Dandakaranya was the first

large inter-state effort toreclaim land for thesettlement of refugees.

Reason (R) : Dandakaranya region liespartly in Bihar and partly inWest Bengal.

Code :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)


does not explain (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

35. The correct sequence of planners in theAnglo-American tradition is—(A) Unwin, Perry, Howard, Geddes(B) Geddes, Howard, Perry, Unwin(C) Howard, Geddes, Unwin, Perry(D) Perry, Geddes, Unwin, Howard

36. Which State of India is the largest producer ofwheat ?(A) Uttar Pradesh (B) Haryana(C) Punjab (D) Rajasthan

37. Electricity production in India through coal is(%)—(A) 60 (B) 30(C) 90 (D) 10

38. Which of the following statements are correct ?(i) The soils of the Indian plateau are

transported ones.(ii) Rivers have cut alluvial terraces in the

Himalayas.(iii) Red soils occur in Tamil Nadu, South

Karnataka plateau and Kerala.(iv) Petroleum is the major source of com-

mercial energy in India.Select the answer from the codes givenbelow—Codes :(A) (i) and (iii) (B) (i) to (iv)(C) (ii) and (iii) (D) (ii) and (iv)


39. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answers from the codes given below—List-I (Names of the Tribes)(a) Santhals(b) Mikirs(c) Jarawas(d) Bhils

List-II (States)1. Rajasthan2. Andaman & Nicobar3. Jharkhand4. Assam


(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 2 3 1 4

40. Which of the following is the correctsequence in increasing order of growth rate ofpopulation in South Indian States during1991–2001 ?(A) Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh,

Karnataka(B) Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh,

Karnataka(C) Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka,

Tamil Nadu(D) Karnataka, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh,

Tamil Nadu

41. Vector and Raster data are used in—(A) Global Positioning System(B) Remote Sensing System(C) Geographical Information System(D) All of these

42. Consider the following statements, which ofthese statements are correct ?(i) Median is positional average in nature(ii) Rn. Value of 2·15 indicates dispersed

pattern(iii) Standard Deviation will alter by change

of origin(iv) Gini coefficient is a measure o f in-

equality in distribution(A) (i), (ii) and (iv)(B) (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)

(C) (i), (iii) and (iv)(D) (i) and (iv)

43. Sector diagram is also known as—(A) Pictorial diagram(B) Ring diagram(C) Block Pile diagram(D) Pie diagram

44. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes below—

List-I (Lands use features)(a) Cultivated area

(b) Water bodies

(c) Built up

(d) Uncultivable waste

List-II (Conventional colour code)1. Red

2. Brown

3. Blue

4. Green

5. Yellow


(A) 2 1 5 4(B) 4 5 2 3(C) 5 3 1 2

(D) 4 2 3 5

45. Find out the correct sequence of the followingpasses from West to East—

(A) Lipu Lekh, Nathu La, Shipki La, Zojila

(B) Zojila, Shipki La, Nathu La, Lipu Lekh

(C) Zojila, Shipki La, Lipu Lekh, Nathu La

(D) Shipki La, Zojila, Nathu La, Lipu Lekh

46. Which of the following is the correct sequencein terms of east flowing rivers from North toSouth in India ?

(A) Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Pennar,Kaveri

(B) Mahanadi, Krishna, Godavari, Pennar,Kaveri

(C) Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri,Pennar

(D) Mahanadi, Krishna, Godavari, Pennar,Kaveri


Directions—(Q. 47–50) Read the followingpassage and answer the question given below—

Richthofen’s answer to the question : What isgeography ? As soon to be acclaimed as thepioneer statement on the scope and method ofmodern geography – one that, in the words ofHartshorne “set the direction of geographicthought for the future.” According to Richthofen,it was the distinctive purpose of geography tofocus attention on the diverse phenomena thatoccur in interrelation on the face of the earth. Heemphasized that in order to reach useful andreliable conclusions, geographical study of anypart of the earth surface must start with a carefuldescription of its physical features, and from therethe student should move on to examine theinterrelationships of other features of the earth’ssurface to the physical geographic frameworkdescribed at the outset. He underlined that thehighest goal of geography was the exploration ofthe relationship of man to the physical earth and tothe biotic features associated with it.

47. Richthofen’s ultimate goal of geography wasto explore—(A) Development of regional geography(B) Areal differentiation(C) Man-environment relationship(D) Development of physical geography

48. Hartshorne’s opinion that Richthofen’s viewson geography was ‘thought for the future’,was due to—(A) Its scientific content(B) Its idea of interrelationship of phenomena(C) Its emphasis on method of study(D) Its emphasis on purpose of geography

49. Richthofen’s method may be categorised inmodern terminology as—

(A) Ideographic

(B) Chorographic(C) Chorological(D) Nomothetic

50. Richthofen’s aim in redefining geographywas to develop geography as—(A) Human geography(B) Physical geography(C) Science(D) Humanities

Answers with Explanations1. (B) Firn is a German term means old granular

snow (density ranges 0·4 to 0·89 kg m.) atleast in its second accumulation season in theprocess of being transformed into glacier ice.

2. (A) Moho-discontinuity – It is a seismicdiscontinuity occurring between the crust ofthe earth and underline mantel across whichthe velocities of Pauos Waves are signifi-cantly modified.

3. (A) 4. (A)

5. (C) Cirrus clouds (symbol Ci) white in colour,occurring as silky, fibrous or wisp, detachedfrom each other. Its base can occur between5000 metre to 13,700 m (i.e., 5 km to 13·7km).

6. (B) The average pressure at sea level is1013·25 mb.

7. (B) 8. (C)

9. (D) Following terms are used for temperategrass land in given continents—1. North America – Prairie2. South America – Pampas3. Africa – Veldt4. Australia – Downsland

Hence, the correct sequence will be (3), (4),(1), (2) rather than (3), (4), (2), (1).

10. (B) 11. (A)

12. (D) Canaries, Bengula and Couimea currentsare the currents of Western Coast of Africawhile Labrador Current is the current ofWestern Coast of Greenland.

13. (B) 14. (A)

15. (D) Strabo work was not based on the work ofGreece but Strabo laid the foundation ofchorological writtings in Geography and wasthe first who codified the term chorologymost elegantly.

16. (A) The correct sequence of the advent ofgiven thinkers is as follows—

1. Ritter (1779–1859)

2. Humboldt (1790–1859)

3. Richthofen (1833–1905

4. Ratzel (1844–1904)


17. (C) The demograhic Transition theory givenby Thompson and W. Notestein is based onthe trends in fertility and mortality.

18. (D) The Regularity between the size of cityand their rank was first noted by F. Auerbachin 1913.

19. (D) 20. (B) 21. (C) 22. (D) 23. (A)

24. (B) 25. (B) 26. (B)

27. (A) Those boundaries which are demarcatedor allocated before the significance of culturalsenerio (settlement) are called Antecedentboundaries.

28. (C) 29. (C) 30. (C) 31. (A)

32. (B) Sir Patric Geddes — the Scottish Geogra-pher was the follower of F. Le Ploy; whoCarried on research on family life style andfamily budget. He recognized that family lifeis dependent on family life style and familybudgets. Le Ploy recognized that family life isdependent on means of obtaining subsistencethat is work, while the character of the letteris largely determined by the nature ofenvironment that is place. This led to thefamous Le-Ploy formula which is basic to thisideas : place–work–family which Geddestransformed into the slogan : place – work –

folk as a basic concepts in the study of citiesand regions.

33. (D) Dandakaranya region lies in Chhattisgarhstate, rather than Bihar and West Bengal.

34. (C) 35. (B)

36. (A) In 2008-09 As per Eco-Survey, UttarPradesh produces 35·39% of country’swheat.

37. (C) As per data provided by Britannica YearBook 2011, in India 84% of the electricity inIndia is produced through coal.

38. (A) 39. (B)

40. (B) The sequence in increasing order ofgrowth of rate (1991–2001) among the SouthIndian states was as follows—1. Kerala 9·43%2. Tamil Nadu 11·72%3. Andhra Pradesh 14·59%4. Karnataka 17·51%

41. (D) 42. (D)

43. (D) Pie diagram is also known as sectordiagram.

44. (C) 45. (C) 46. (A) 47. (C) 48. (B)49. (A) 50. (A)


Paper-IINote : This paper contains fifty (50) objective

type questions, each question carrying two (2)marks. Attempt all the questions.1. The slope declining model was proposed by—

(A) W. Penck (B) W. M. Davis(C) L.C. King (D) Wood

2. Nazca Plate lies—(A) West of South America(B) East of South America(C) East of North America(D) West of North America

3. A narrow block elevated between two normalfaults is called—(A) Graben (B) Horst(C) Monocline (D) Anticline

4. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer from the codes given below—List-I (Landforms)(a) Arete (b) Polje(c) Yardang (d) GorgeList-II (Agents)1. Running water2. Glaciers3. Underground water4. Wind


(A) 2 3 4 1(B) 1 2 4 3(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 3 2 1 4

5. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Spheroidal weathering is theresult of chemical weathering.

Reason (R) : Spheroidal weathering occurswhen water penetrates joints and dissolves therock cementing material.

Codes :

(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) iscorrect explanation of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is notcorrect explanation of (A)



Assertion (A) : The islands along the MidAtlantic Ridge are highly prone to volcanicactivity.

Reason (R) : The sea floor spreading is themain cause of earthquakes in the AtlanticOcean.




7. The position of Thermal equator is normallyat—(A) 0° (B) 5°N(C) 5°S (D) 10°N

8. Which of the following is not relevant to IceAge Hypothesis ?

(A) Thermal Contraction Theory(B) Carbon dioxide Hypothesis(C) Ozone Depletion Hypothesis(D) Volcanic Dust Hypothesis

66 | UGC-NET Geography Solved Paper

9. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Pressure in the tropospherefalls with increasing height.Reason (R) : The upper atmosphere hasrelatively low temperature.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is



10. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The Indian monsoon isinfluenced by El Nino.Reason (R) : At the occurrence of El Ninothere develops a high pressure area along thecoast of Peru.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is

correct explanation(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not


11. Which of the following is not a calcareousooze ?(A) Pteropod ooze(B) Diatom ooze(C) Globigerina ooze(D) None of the above

12. Which of the following is the most importantelement of ecosystem ?(A) Energy flow(B) Ecological succession(C) Food chain(D) Food web

13. Which of the following is considered to be theglobal carbon sink ?(A) Antarctic ice sheet(B) Sahara Desert

(C) Equatorial rainforest(D) Arctic Ocean

14. Which of the following is not correct aboutthe desert biomes vegetation ?(A) Short tape roots(B) Reflective surface of leaf(C) Ephemeral plants(D) Waxy coating

15. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Names of Geographers)(a) Roger Minshull(b) Richard Hartshorne(c) Patrick Geddes(d) Norbert WienerList-II (Contributions)1. Cities in Evolution2. The Human Use of Human Being3. Regional Geography Theory and Practice4. Nature of GeographyCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 4 1 2(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 1 2 3 4

16. Critical isodapane refers to—(A) The point of the least transport cost(B) The point of the maximum transport cost(C) The point of the minimum raw material

cost(D) The point of the maximum raw material

cost

17. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Environmental determinismin geography mainly dealt with racial distri-bution and the climate.Reason (R) : Environmental determinism wasa philosophy of the coloniser.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is


UGC-NET Geography Solved Paper | 67

(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) isnot the correct explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct

18. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The locational-climatic factorsput Mackinder’s Heartland at a relative disad-vantage as compared to certain other largerand well-endowed areas of the world.Reason (R) : Heartland was a region ofpermanent difficulties because of its interiorlocation and resultant extremes of climates.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is

the correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) correct, but (R) is not

the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct

19. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Between the two World Warsthe whole process of sub-urban growth anddecentralisation started to speed up.Reason (R) : The forces behind these arepartly economic due to great depressions,partly social due to rise of middle class andpartly technological due to rapid developmentin transport system.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)


does not explain (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong(D) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct

20. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Malthus stated population hasa tendency to increase in geometric ratio,while food production tends to increase in anarithmetic ratio.

Reason (R) : Malthus was optimistic thatman could control his own growth in numbers.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is

the correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is

not the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct

21. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Population concentration islargely found in the regions like river basinsand coastal plains.Reason (R) : Concentration of population ismainly due to availability of basic resourceslike soil, minerals and water.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the

correct explanation(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not

the correct explanation(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

22. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The Christian population isrelatively numerous in the tribal-hill areas ofNorth-Eastern India.Reason (R) : Many tribals were converted toChristianity during the British rule.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is



23. For the establishment of cotton textile industrywhich one of the following factor is moreideal ?(A) Nearness to market(B) Nearness to raw material


(C) Nearness to water resource(D) Transport network

24. Who among the followings was the first todevelop the method of crop combinations ?(A) Weber (B) Wegener(C) Weaver (D) Wittfogel

25. Arrange the following authors in chrono-logical order. Use the code given below—I. Strabo II. PtolemyIII. Herodotus IV. ErastothenesCodes :(A) Herodotus, Erastothenes, Strabo, Ptolemy(B) Erastothenes, Strabo, Ptolemy, Herodotus(C) Herodotus, Ptolemy, Strabo, Erastothenes(D) Erastothenes, Herodotus, Ptolemy, Strabo

26. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Many jute mills in India wereclosed down after the Independence.Reason (R) : There is acute shortage of rawmaterials and also there is shortfall in foreigndemand for jute goods.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is



27. Which sector of economy is most importantfor economic development ?(A) Primary (B) Secondary(C) Tertiary (D) None of these

28. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Agricultural productivityrefers to the sum total of land productivity,labour productivity and capital productivity.Reason (R) : All of the three components arefactors of production.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the


(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is notthe correct explanation of (A)


29. The boundary between India and Pakistan isan example of—(A) Subsequent Boundary(B) Superimposed Boundary(C) Relict Boundary(D) Antecedent Boundary

30. Which of the following Scheduled Tribe has adispersed core ?(A) AO (B) Garo(C) Santhal (D) Bhil

31. Arrange the following religions in chronolo-gical order of their emergence—

(A) Judaism-Christianity-Islam-Sikhism

(B) Sikhism-Christianity-Judaism-Islam

(C) Islam-Sikhism-Judaism-Christianity

(D) Judaism-Islam-Christianity-Sikhism


List-I (Tribes) List-II (States)(a) Bodo 1. Chhattisgarh(b) Garo 2. Jharkhand(c) Gond 3. Assam(d) Santhal 4. Meghalaya

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 4 3 2 1

33. The concept of the ‘Radiant City’ waspropounded by—(A) Le Corbusier (B) Ernst May(C) Soria Y. Mata (D) Clarence Perry

34. The sector theory of city morphology—(A) incorporates the importance of transpor-

tation systems into the evolution of thesocial structure of the city

(B) is particularly concerned with the conceptof ecology


(C) postulates that multiple centres or nucleiare responsible for urban growth

(D) is concerned with directional bias

35. Harris and Ullman are best known for theircontributions to—(A) Political Geography(B) Urban Geography(C) Economic Geography(D) Agricultural Geography

36. Territorial production complex is associatedwith—(A) Indian model of development(B) Brazilian model of development(C) Korean model of development(D) Russian model of development

37. It has a core area and a periphery—(A) Formal region(B) Perceptual region(C) Functional region(D) Vernacular region

38. Who laid the philosophical basis of regionalplanning ?(A) Benton MacKaye(B) Fredric le Play(C) F.S. Chapin(D) Carol Aronovinci

39. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer from the codes given below—List-I (Concept)(a) Garden Cities(b) New Towns(c) Neighbourhood(d) Traffic SegregationList-II (Propounder)1. Clarence Perry2. Sir Colin Buchanan3. Ebenezer Howard4. Sir Patrick AbercrombieCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 1 2(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 1 2 4 3(D) 4 1 3 2

40. Find out the correct bottom-up hierarchy ofgrowth foci in India—(A) Growth centre, Growth point, Growth

pole, Service centre(B) Growth pole, Growth point, Growth

centre, Service centre(C) Service centre, Growth point, Growth

centre, Growth pole(D) Growth pole, Growth centre, Growth

point, Service centre

41. What is the correct sequence of area undersoil cover in India in descending order ?(A) Alluvial soils, Black soils, Red soils,

Laterite soils(B) Alluvial soils, Red soils, Black soils,

Laterite soils(C) Red soils, Laterite soils, Black soils,

Alluvial soils(D) Red soils, Black soils, Laterite soils,

Alluvial soils

42. Which of the following is the correct sequenceof States in decreasing order of density ofpopulation in India according to 2001Census ?(A) West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar,

Kerala(B) Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Kerala,

Bihar(C) West Bengal, Bihar, Kerala, Uttar

Pradesh(D) Bihar, West Bengal, Kerala, Uttar

Pradesh

43. Which of the following cartographic methodis generally used to show population density ?(A) Contours (B) Choropleth(C) Dot method (D) Isopleth

44. Lorenz curve measures—(A) Curvature (B) Inequality(C) Similarity (D) Diversity

45. Arrange the following maps in order in whichthey are prepared with small to large scale.Use the codes given below—I. World Map II. ToposheetIII. Cadastral Map IV. State MapCodes :(A) II, I, IV, III (B) III, II, I, IV(C) I, IV, II, III (D) IV, III, I, II



List-I (Satellites) List-II (Launched by)

(a) LANDSAT 1. France

(b) SPOT 2. NASA

(c) IRS 3. Europe

(d) ERS 4. India

5. RussiaCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 3 2 5 1

(B) 2 1 4 3

(C) 2 3 1 4

(D) 3 1 5 2

Directions—Read the following paragraphand answer the following questions—

In the United States many people considereconomic growth a necessity, whereas some stillsupport an attitude of ‘growth at any cost’,increasing numbers are becoming aware of theenvironmental costs of sustained economic growth.During the 1970s public dis-satisfaction withgrowthmania appeared in a variety of ways.Oregonians, for example, were saying that visitorswere welcome but new residents were not. InColorado bumper stickers decried the Californi-cation of Colorado. In California voters passedproposition 20, which placed tight control on allcoastal zone developments. Communities in manyplaces became more selective about the types ofindustries which they were willing to accept;clean industries were considered desirable butdirty industries were not.

47. In the United States, many people considereconomic growth a necessity, because of—(A) additional employment potential(B) additional tax resources for the

government(C) potential for higher GDP growth(D) potential for higher personal incomes

48. Many Americans in recent times are becomingenvironmentally conscious because of—(A) spread of environmental awareness(B) environment friendly technologies add

jobs in the economy

(C) the understanding of trade-offs betweeneconomic growth and environmentalcosts

(D) economic growth is desirable notnecessity

49. Growthmania refers to—(A) Aversion to growth(B) Growth only attitude(C) Growth of employment(D) Growth with environmental concerns

50. Many American States approve of tourists butnot immigrants because—(A) the tourists create employment(B) the immigrants are non-English speaking(C) the immigrants take away jobs of the

locals(D) the tourists bring in money

Answers with Explanations1. (A) 2. (A) 3. (B) 4. (A) 5. (C)6. (A) 7. (B) 8. (C)9. (B) Troposphere is the uppermost layer in the

atmosphere. On ascending the temperaturedecreases and pressure falls with increasingheight.

10. (C) With the advent of EL Nino, variation inair pressures can be felt over oceans, conse-quently where there is high pressure overIndian Ocean, the climate is conclusive forIndian Monsoon. During last few years ELNino has brought normal to heavy downpourbecause of dense water vapours in theatmosphere.

11. (B) Diatom ooze is a silica based ooze. It hasonly 3 – 30% Calcium content.

12. (C) 13. (C)14. (A) Desert biomes vegetation has extreme

capability to bear the dryness. They areephemeral plants with waxy coating leaves,reflective surface of the leaves, sharp thorns,long tape root. ‘Nagfani’ and ‘Babool’ are theexamples.

15. (A) 16. (A)17. (D) Environmental determinism in geography

is considered to be a philosophy of coloniserand deals with racial distribution and climate.

18. (A) 19. (B) 20. (C) 21. (A) 22. (A)23. (A) 24. (C) 25. (A) 26. (A) 27. (B)28. (A) 29. (D) 30. (D) 31. (A)


32. (C) Following are the tribes and state they arefound in—

Tribes StatesNaga Nagaland, Manipur, Mizoram,

Asom, Arunachal PradeshTharu Uttar Pradesh, Bihar,

Uttarakhand and RajasthanBhil Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh,

Maharashtra, GujaratTodo Kerala, Karnataka and

TamilnaduSanthal Jharkhand, West Bengal,

Odisha, Asom and BiharGond Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh

and OdishaMeena RajasthanKhasi RajasthanBhotia UttarakhandJaunsari Uttar Pradesh and UttarakhandBuksa UttarakhandRagi andBamrot

Uttarakhand

Khakhar Uttar Pradesh and JharkhandBodo AsomGaro Meghalaya

33. (A) 34. (A) 35. (B) 36. (D) 37. (B)

38. (A) 39. (B) 40. (B)

41. (A) According to Indian Council of Agricul-ture Research the order of soil cover in Indiais—Alluvial soils > Black soils > Red soils >Laterite soils > Desert soils > Alkaline soils >Bio-soils > Forest soils.

42. (C) 43. (B) 44. (B)

45. (B) Cadastral Map—6" to 25" per mile

Toposheet—1" per 1, 2, or 4 miles

World Map—1" per 32 or 64 miles

State Map—To depict bigger area with smallscale.

46. (B)

47. (C) Economic development of a countrydepends on the growth GDP.

48. (C) Economic growth is important and itdirectly depends on environmental costs.Therefore to have the economic growth, it isimportant to understand economic growth andenvironmental cost.

49. (B) 50. (A)

June 2012Geography

(Paper-II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objec-tive type questions, each question carrying two (2)marks. Attempt all the questions. 1. The normal cycle of erosion is associated

with—(A) Marine Erosion (B) Wind Erosion(C) River Erosion (D) Glacial Erosion

2. Which among the following is one of theforces responsible for continental drift accord-ing to Wegner ?(A) Tidal force(B) Convection currents(C) Tensional force(D) Compressional force

3. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer using the codes given below—List-I(a) Kettle (b) Tarn(c) Esker (d) Drumlin

List-II1. Small mountain lake occupying a cirque.

2. Low winding glacio — Alluvial ridge.

3. Oval or elliptical hill of glacial tilt.

4. Deep depression usually situated alongthe moraine belt.


(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 2 4 1 3(C) 4 1 2 3(D) 3 4 2 1

4. Most of the details of world’s topographybelongs to the—

(A) Pre-cambrian era (B) Paleozoic era

(C) Mesozoic era (D) Cenozoic era

5. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer using the codes given below—List-I (Rivers)(a) Krishna (b) Brahmaputra(c) Godavari (d) YamunaList-II (Tributaries)1. Chambal 2. Indravati3. Tista 4. BhimaCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 3 4 2 1

6. Air movement in the troposphere is causedby—(A) Solar wind(B) Convective current(C) Gravitational force(D) Air pressure

7. The unit of air pressure measurement is—(A) Degree(B) Isobars(C) Metres per second(D) Hecta Pascal

8. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer using the codes given ahead—List-I(a) Ferrel cell(b) Hadley cell(c) Polar cell(d) Intertropical convergence zoneList-II1. Doldrums 2. Easterlies3. Westerlies 4. Trade winds



(A) 3 2 1 4(B) 1 4 3 2(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 2 3 4 1

9. Which one of the following is not a mech-anism of energy transfer ?(A) Conduction (B) Advection(C) Radiation (D) Ablation

10. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R).Assertion (A) : Stable air resists vertical

movement and unstable airascends freely because ofits own buoyancy.

Reason (R) : When stable air is forcedaloft the clouds that formare widespread and havelittle vertical thickness.

In the context of the above two statements,which one of the following is correct ?

(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong(B) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong

11. The cold current flowing along the coast ofChile and Peru is known as—(A) Agulhas (B) EL-Nino(C) Humboldt (D) Canary

12. The average difference in the water levelbetween high tide and low tide at a place isreferred to as—(A) Tidal bore (B) Tidal period(C) Tidal range (D) Tidal wave

13. Domestication of plants and animals wasstarted in—(A) Paleolithic period(B) Mesolithic period(C) Neolithic period(D) Pre-paleolithic period

14. Which one of the following pairs is notcorrectly matched ?(A) Autotrophs — Take energy from inor-

ganic sources and fix it into energy richorganic compound

(B) Heterotrophs — Obtain their energyfrom living organism

(C) Herbivores — Organisms that consumeplants and animals

(D) Detrivores — Obtain their energy fromdead organism

15. Flat topped sea mounts are known as—

(A) Shoals (B) Reefs

(C) Guyots (D) Banks

16. Which one of the following pairs does notmatch correctly ?

(A) P. Haggett — Geography : A modernsynthesis

(B) P. E. James — All possible worlds

(C) G. P. Marsh — Explanation in Geog-raphy

(D) Abler, Adams & Gould — Spatial organ-isation

17. Which one of the following statements is notcorrect ?

(A) The concept of areal differentiation isrelated with ideographic approach

(B) The concept of areal differentiation isrelated with nomothetic approach

(C) The exponent of the concept of arealdifferentiation was Richard Hartshorne

(D) The concept of areal differentiation isrelated with chorology

18. “The same environment carries differentmeanings to people with different ways ofliving and culture.” This statement is relatedwith the concept of—

(A) Determinism

(B) Stop-and-go determinism

(C) Probabilism

(D) Possibilism

19. Who among the following emphasized on thebehavioural environment in Geography ?

(A) Burton (B) Gregory

(C) Kirk (D) Johnston

20. Who defined Geography as human ecology ?

(A) Schaefer (B) Hartshorne(C) Richthofen (D) Barrows


21. Which one of the following metropolitancities has registered the largest population in2011 census ?

(A) Chennai (B) Delhi

(C) Kolkata (D) Mumbai

22. Which of the following States in India ispassing through the stage of DemographicTransition which entails low fertility and lowmortality ?

(A) Assam (B) Haryana

(C) Punjab (D) Tamilnadu

23. Which one of the following is the importantfactor in Rural out — migration in India ?

(A) Agricultural inefficiency

(B) Population growth

(C) Lack of Basic services in rural areas

(D) Unemployment

24. The ‘Range of a Good’ refers to—

(A) The maximum distance which peoplehave to travel to purchase a good orservice

(B) The variety of goods available at amarket place

(C) The maximum demand to make theservice or good viable

(D) The maximum population necessary forsurvival of a function

25. The ‘Administrative Principle’ in Christaller’s‘Central Place Theory’ refers to—

(A) K = 3 (B) K = 4

(C) K = 7 (D) K = 9

26. Which one of the following may be cate-gorised as footloose industry ?

(A) Cement

(B) Ship building

(C) Electronic components

(D) Cotton textile

27. Gross Cultivated Area divided by Net SownArea is known as—(A) Agricultural efficiency

(B) Crop diversification

(C) Crop concentration

(D) Crop intensity

28. The theory of least cost location wasproposed by—(A) Losch (B) Isard(C) Dicey (D) Weber

29. The intensive cultivation of vegetables, fruitsand flowers in the periphery of cities in USAis called—(A) Truck farming(B) Factory farming(C) Market gardening(D) Agri-farming

30. Why are steel mills within Japan drawn tocoastal locations ?(A) Nearness to iron ore reserves(B) Nearness to local markets(C) Availability of cheap labour(D) To minimise transportation cost for im-

ported raw materials and steel exports

31. Which one of the following criteria is notused for the classification of human races ?(A) Eye (B) Nose(C) Ear (D) Hair

32. Match the following tribes and their habitats—(a) Khirgiz 1. Central Asia(b) Yakuts 2. Siberia(c) Lapps 3. Scandinavia(d) Eskimos 4. Canada


(A) 1 3 2 4(B) 4 2 3 1(C) 2 1 3 4(D) 1 2 3 4

33. Which of the following statements is not trueabout a State ?(A) It has a territorial base(B) It always has a social or cultural base(C) It claims internal sovereignty(D) It claims sovereignty in external rela-

tions

34. Which of the following languages does notbelong to the Dravidian family ?

(A) Sinhalese (B) Brahui(C) Kannada (D) Malayalam


35. The habitat of the Toda tribe is—(A) Aravalli range (B) Siwalik range(C) Kaimur range (D) Nilgiri hills

36. Which one of the following indicators is mostcommonly used to measure the economicdevelopment of a country ?(A) Infant mortality rate(B) Availability of potable water(C) Female literacy(D) Gross National Product per capita

37. Which of the following matches is notcorrect ?(A) Myrdal — Cumulative causation model(B) Friedmann — Coreperiphery model(C) Boudville — Transport model(D) Frank — Dependency model

38. Who among the following formalized theconcept that there exists relationship betweenthe spatial organisation and national develop-ment ?(A) Luten (B) Dickens(C) Kuklinski (D) Friedmann

39. Which of the following sequences of thestages of economic growth according toRostow’s model is correct ?(A) Traditional society, drive to maturity,

take off, high mass consumption(B) Traditional society, take off, drive to

maturity, high mass consumption(C) Traditional society, take off, high mass

consumption, drive to maturity(D) Traditional society, drive to maturity,

high mass consumption, take off

40. Which one of the following is a ‘Formal’Region ?(A) Delhi metropolitan region(B) Hyderabad — Secunderabad region(C) Delhi — Jaipur — Agra Triangle(D) Assam — Valley

41. Between 2001 and 2011, the sex-ratio(Females per thousand males) has—(A) Increased by 5 to 10(B) Decreased by 5 to 10(C) Remained constant(D) Increased by less than 5

42. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer using the codes given below—

List-I (Mineral) List-II (Mines)(a) Copper 1. Kudremukh(b) Iron ore 2. Balaghat(c) Manganese 3. Kodarma(d) Mica 4. Khetri


(A) 1 2 4 3(B) 3 2 1 4(C) 4 1 3 2(D) 4 1 2 3

43. In India, mangrove is the most important treeof—(A) Tropical moist deciduous forests(B) Tidal forests(C) Tropical dry deciduous forests(D) Sub-tropical moist forests

44. Which one of the following does not matchcorrectly ?

(A) Vishakhapatnam — Ship building

(B) Titagarh — Railway equipment

(C) Bhadravati — Iron & Steel

(D) Pinjore — Machine Tools

45. In which of the following Decades, Indiaexperienced highest percentage of decadalgrowth ?

(A) 1951–61 (B) 1961–71

(C) 1971–81 (D) 1981–91

46. Which one of the following is most appro-priate for showing frequency distribution ?

(A) Bar graph

(B) Histogram

(C) Pie diagram(D) Line graph

47. Which one of the following is commonlyused tor computing the average value of riverdischarge ?

(A) Arithmetic Mean(B) Geometric Mean(C) Harmonic Mean(D) Weighted Mean


48. Which one of the following Rn values showsthe random pattern of point distribution ?

(A) 0 (B) 1·0

(C) 1·35 (D) 2·14

49. Which one of the following sampling tech-niques is most suitable for selection of repre-sentative villages of an area with diversifiedgeographical features ?(A) Systematic(B) Stratified-random(C) Random(D) Clustered

50. In which one of the following methods inter-polation is used ?

(A) Choroschematic

(B) Chorochromatic

(C) Isopleth

(D) Choropleth

Answers with Explanations1. (C) Davis Normal Cycle of Erosion is asso-

ciated with River Erosion.

2. (A) Wegner in his continental drift theory hadpresumed that the drifting of continents lookplace towards two sides one towards equatorwhich was related with Gravitational forceand buoyancy, the other towards West whichwas due to Tidal force.

3. (C) 4. (D) 5. (A) 6. (D) 7. (B)

8. (C)

9. (D) Ablation is related with erosion (Breakingof Rocks) rather than energy transfer.

10. (A) 11. (C) 12. (C)

13. (C) Neolithic period the last period of stonestage (after the mesolithic period) that periodin Europe and West Asia was supposed to be6000 to 8000 years ago. During this periodbeside pointed instruments and arms, thedomestication of plants and animals alsostarted.

14. (C)

15. (C) Guyot is a flat-topped variety of seamount occuring mainly in pacific ocean.

16. (C) Explanation in Geography is written byD. Harvey not by G. P. Marsh.

17. (B) The term areal differentiation was coinedand used by Hartshorne in his classic work ofNature of Geography. It is also known aschorology or chorography which is alsoideographic.

18. (B)

19. (C) Kirk (1952–63) supplied are of the firstbehavioural model.

20. (D)

21. (D) As per provisional data of populationreleased by census deptt. Govt. of India. The2011 population of the given cities is asfollows—

1. Mumbai — 1,24,78,447

2. Delhi — 1,10,07,835

3. Chennai — 46,81,087

4. Kolkata — 44,86,679

22. (C) 23. (D) 24. (B)

25. (C) In Christaller’s Theory AdministrativeLaw is denoted by K = 7, Transport Law byK = 4 and Market Law by K = 3.

26. (C) 27. (C)

28. (D) Weber, a German Economists, in 1909profounded the least cost location forIndustry. In this theory he discussed two mostimportant factors—(i) Transport cost of rawmaterial as well as finished goods, (ii) LabourCost & agglomeration.

29. (A) Truck farming is a specific type of culti-vation in which vegetable, fruits & flowersare grown in periphery of cities in U.S.A.This type of farming is practiced in coastalareas of Mexico Gulf, East Atlantic Coast(Florida) and California Valley.

30. (D) 31. (C) 32. (D) 33. (B) 34. (B)

35. (D) Toda are the habitat of Nilgiri Hills(Tamilnadu).

36. (D) Economic development of a country canbe known from Gross National Product perCapita (per capita income) rather than Infantmortality rate, availability of potable waterand female literacy.

37. (B) 38. (C) 39. (B)

40. (D) Formal Region is a region which hasuniform relief with uniform climate, uniformsoil distribution in a uniform landuse, settle-ment and mode of life.


41. (A) 42. (D)

43. (B) Mangrove tree is the most important treeof Tidal forests.

44. (B)

45. (B) Decadal growth of population (Percent-age) in the given question has been asfollows—

1951–61—21·64%, 1961–71—24·80%,1971–81—24·66%, 1981–91—23·87%.

46. (B) 47. (A)

48. (B) In Nearest Neighbour analysis Rn valuemay be from 0 to 2·15. 0 means clustereddistribution, 2·145 means uniform distributionand 1·0 means random distribution.

49. (C) For the selection of representative villagesof an area with diversified Geographicalfeatures, Random sampling is the best suitedsampling.

50. (C) Isopleth is a line drawn on a map connect-ing the point assumed to be of equal value i.e.interpolation of equal values points.

June 2012Geography

(Paper-III)

Note—This paper contains seventy five (75)objective type questions of two (2) marks each.All questions are compulsory.

1. The valleys which drain in the same directionas the original consequent drainage but at thelower topographic levels and have developedwith respect to new base levels are knownas—(A) Resequent (B) Obsequent(C) Insequent (D) Subsequent

2. The concept of ‘base level erosion’ was pro-posed by—

(A) Davis (B) Malott(C) Johnson (D) Powell

3. Given below are two statements, onelabelled as Assertion (A) and the otherlabelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : The velocity of moving iceincreases with steepness ofslope of the area andthickness of glacial ice.

Reason (R) : The velocity decreases tothe sides owing to lesserdepth of ice and frictionagainst the valley walls andthe bottom floor.





4. The normal cycle of erosion is associatedwith—(A) Marine erosion (B) Wind erosion(C) River erosion (D) Glacial erosion

5. Which of the following groups of scholarsstressed the role of lateral erosion by streamsin the formation of pediments ?(A) Mc. Gee, Paige, Blackwelder(B) Mc Gee, Blackwelder, Johnson(C) Paige, Blackwelder, Johnson(D) Paige, Johnson, Lawson

6. Which of the following is not a topographicevidence of rejuvenation in landscape ?(A) Incised meanders(B) Structural benches(C) Paired valley terraces(D) Multi-cyclic valley


List-I List-II(a) Loess 1. river deposit(b) Moraines 2. glacial deposit(c) Gravels 3. wind deposit(d) Silt 4. marine deposit


(A) 1 2 4 3(B) 3 2 4 1(C) 4 1 3 2(D) 3 4 1 2

8. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : Ozone hole is observed

only over Antartica.Reason (R) : Ozone depleting gases

are present throughout thestratosphere.

In the context of the above two statements,which one of the following is correct ?(A) Both (A) and (R) are true(B) (A) is true and (R) is wrong


(C) Both (A) and (R) are wrong(D) (A) is wrong, but (R) is true

9. Which of the following types of cloudsappears at the highest level in the sky ?(A) Alto-cumulus (B) Cirro-cumulus(C) Cumulo-nimbus (D) Strato-cumulus

10. Atmospheric temperature decreases withheight in the troposphere because—

(A) Air at higher altitude is less dense

(B) Solar radiation is less at higher level

(C) There are more atmospheric gases athigher altitudes

(D) The atmosphere is heated by radiationfrom the surface

11. Which one of the following pairs is notcorrectly matched ?

(A) Foehn — Warm dry winds moving downthe Alps

(B) Mistral — Cold wind blowing from Alpsover France

(C) Santa Ana — Warm dry wind movingdown Appalachian

(D) Bora — Cold winds experienced alongthe eastern coast of the Adriatic sea

12. Which one of the following gases is not anatural element of the atmosphere ?(A) Krepton(B) Argon(C) Chloroflurocarbon(D) Water vapour

13. In Koppen’s classification of climate, thesymbol Aw refers to—(A) Tropical Savanna climate(B) Monsoon climate(C) Tropical Rainforest climate(D) Steppe climate

14. The strongest winds in a hurricane are foundin—(A) the eye of the hurricane(B) the spiral bands of thunderstorm(C) the eye wall of the hurricane(D) the easterly waves

15. Which one of the following characterizespaternoster lake ?

(A) A lake of volcanic origin

(B) A shallow stretch of water separatedfrom the sea

(C) A crescent shaped lake formed due tocut-off of a river meander

(D) Lake formed on glacial stairways

16. Thornthwaite’s modified climatic classifica-tion is based on the concept of—(A) Effective temperature(B) Precipitation index(C) Potential evapotranspiration(D) Potential precipitation

17. Selva forests are—(A) Broad leaf evergreen forests(B) Broad leaf deciduous forests(C) Coniferous evergreen forests(D) Coniferous deciduous forests

18. The specific place of an organism in anecosystem is called as—(A) Niche (B) Autotroph(C) Trophic level (D) Food Pyramid

19. Which of the following is referred to asproducer in marine ecosystem ?(A) Small fish (B) Fungi(C) Zooplanktons (D) Phytoplankton

20. Saline soils are the results of—(A) very high precipitation and leaching of

the soil(B) high rate of evaporation and very little

leaching of the soil(C) high precipitation and very little leaching

of the soil(D) All of the above

21. “There is no holiday for vegetation—growthis rapid, uninterrupted and continuous.” Thisstatement applies to—(A) Taiga region(B) Monsoon region(C) Mediterranean region(D) Rainy tropics

22. The largest variety of plants and animals isfound in the—(A) Temperate forests(B) Monsoon forests(C) Tropical forests(D) Tropical grassland


23. Which one of the following statements aboutsalinity is not correct ?(A) Salinity is directly related to precipitation(B) There exists a direct relationship between

the rate of evaporation and salinity(C) Low salinity is found near the mouth of

a river(D) The salinity is highest at the tropics and

decreases towards poles and equator

24. The origin of the ocean currents is relatedto—(A) Gravitational force(B) Winds(C) Salinity and density(D) All of the above

25. Schaefer was in favour of—(A) Exceptionalism

(B) Idiography

(C) Areal differentiation

(D) Scientific generalization

26. Which of the following principles does notbelong to logical positivism ?

(A) Principle of causation

(B) Structuralism

(C) Behaviourism

(D) Functionalism

27. Which of the following matches is not correct ?Author Book

(A) William Bunge — Theoretical Geography

(B) David Harvey — Social Well being : A Spatial Perspective

(C) David Smith — Human Geography : A Welfare Approach

(D) R. Peet — Modern Geographical Thought

28. The statement that “Egypt is the gift of theriver Nile” is attributed to—

(A) Aristotle (B) Herodotus

(C) Strabo (D) Seneca

29. Who among the following pleaded that historybe treated geographically and geography betreated historically ?

(A) Homer (B) Thales(C) Hecataeus (D) Herodotus

30. Who among the following Arab scholars madecorrections to Ptolemy’s book ?(A) Al-Masudi (B) Al-Idrisi(C) Ibn-Khaldun (D) Ibn-Batuta

31. Which one of the following is the philo-sophical basis of quantitative revolution ?

(A) Existentialism(B) Idealism(C) Phenomenology(D) Positivism

32. The concept of paradigm was propoundedby—(A) Kant (B) Peet(C) Kuhn (D) Haggett

33. Who among the following wanted to develop‘Universal Science’ encompassing all aspectsof knowledge ?

(A) Humboldt (B) Ritter(C) Recluse (D) Guyot

34. Who among the following geographers,focussed on man centered geography ?(A) W. H. Davis (B) Jefferson(C) Semple (D) Huntington

35. Who, among the following, developed theconcept of mental map ?

(A) Downs and Stea(B) Gould and White(C) Saarinen(D) Boulding and Hagerstrand

36. Who among the following first initiated theconcept of Second Demographic Transition ?

(A) Van de Kaa (B) Lesthaeghe(C) Coleman (D) Fitzgerald

37. The Age-Specific Fertility Rate is maximumin the age-group of—

(A) 20–24 years (B) 25–29 years(C) 30–34 years (D) 35–39 years

38. Which one of the following reasons dominatesis Rural to Urban migration in India ?

(A) Marriage(B) Education(C) Family movement(D) Employment


39. Who argued that multiple centres of nucleiwere responsible for urban growth ?

(A) Harris and Ullman

(B) Hoyt

(C) Park and Burgess

(D) Nelson

40. The largest and most dominating city in aState with respect to commercial, industrial,educational and political activities refers to—

(A) City Region

(B) Urbanfield(C) Primate city(D) Neckropolis

41. Which one of the following sequences of landuse in Burgess model is correct ?

(A) Central Business District, zone ofworkers’ home, commuters’ zone, zoneof better residences

(B) Central Business District, zone of betterresidences, zone of workers’ home,commuters’ zone

(C) Central Business District, zone ofworkers’ home, zone of better resi-dences, commuters’ zone

(D) Central Business District, zone of betterresidences, commuters’ zone, zone ofworkers’ home

42. If a circle with 1 cm radius represents one lacpopulation, what will be the radius of thecircle representing 4 lac population ?

(A) 1 cm (B) 2 cm

(C) 4 cm (D) 16 cm

43. Which one of the following market locationsis optimal in the given diagram of industriallandscape ?

a b c d

Cost line

Productionline

(A) b (B) c(C) a (D) d

44. The essential feature of shifting cultivationis—(A) Intensity of crops

(B) Rotation of fields

(C) Single cropping

(D) Double cropping

45. The footloose industries are those for whom—

(A) Transportation costs are relatively unim-portant

(B) Transport costs are very important(C) Presence of raw material in the neigh-

bourhood is necessary(D) All of the above are necessary

46. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using codes given below—

List-I List-II(a) Malaysia 1. Coffee(b) Brazil 2. Sugar(c) Cuba 3. Pineapple(d) Hawai 4. Rubber


(A) 2 3 4 1

(B) 1 2 3 4

(C) 4 1 3 2

(D) 4 3 2 1

47. The three iron and steel plants at Kulti,Burnpur and Hirapur have been mergedtogether as—

(A) Tata Iron and Steel Company(B) Indian Iron and Steel Company(C) Bengal Iron Works(D) Mysore Iron Works

48. The rice producing areas are associated with—(A) Low density of population(B) Moderate density of population(C) High density of population(D) None of the above

49. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer using the codes given ahead—

List-I (Stage of Urbanisation)(a) Urbanisation


(b) Suburbanisation

(c) Disurbanisation

(d) Re-urbanisation

List-II (Explanation)1. Certain settlements grow at the cost of

surrounding countryside.

2. The commuter belt grows at the cost theurban core.

3. The rate of population loss of the coretapers off or the core starts regainingpopulation.

4. The population loss of the urban coreexceeds the population gain of the com-muter belt.

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 1 2 4 3

(C) 2 3 4 1

(D) 3 2 1 4

50. Which of the following statements about theconsequences of migration is correct ?

(A) The population — resource relationshipof the two areas involved in the processof migration gets modified significantlyas a result of migration

(B) The people who migrate from the ruralareas to the urban industrial areas sufferfrom the lack of open space, fresh airand good housing

(C) The dietary habits of emigrants alsochanges in new areas

(D) All of the above

51. The informal sector of economy refers to—

(A) Capitalist mode of economy(B) Bazaar type of economy(C) Dynamic and stable income(D) Permanent and productive establishment

52. Which one of the following is not related withinformal sector of economy ?(A) Market type of economy(B) Unskilled/semiskilled labour force(C) Temporary and unstable income(D) Capitalist mode of economy

53. The law of primacy in the context of urbandevelopment is most relevant to the countrieswhich have—

(A) A relatively simple economy and spatialstructure

(B) Complex economy(C) Integrated spatial structure(D) Matured economy

54. The main occupation of the Gonds is—(A) Food gathering (B) Forestry(C) Hunting (D) Cultivation

55. Which one of the following is largest in arealextent ?(A) Cultural realm(B) Cultural region(C) Cultural landscape(D) Cultural point

56. What among the following is the correctsequence of the three stages through which anew boundary under most conditions is deter-mined ?

(A) Delimitation, demarcation, allocation(B) Allocation, delimitation, demarcation(C) Demarcation, delimitation, allocation(D) Allocation, demarcation, delimitation

57. Which one of the following is not usuallyconsidered an indicator of social well being ?

(A) Infant mortality(B) Female literacy(C) Availability of potable water(D) Crime

58. Who among the following was an advocate ofexport based model ?(A) Alonso (B) Kuklinski(C) Perroux (D) North

59. The Vale of Kashmir is the only level strip ofland in the Himalayas. Which river has laidits deposits to form this level plain ?

(A) Ravi (B) Sutlej(C) Beas (D) Jhelum

60. In which of the following States of Indiawomen outnumber men ?

(A) Uttar Pradesh (B) Karnataka(C) Haryana (D) Kerala


61. Which one of the following States of Indiarecords the lowest density of populationaccording to 2011 Census ?

(A) Arunachal Pradesh(B) Meghalaya(C) Tripura(D) Manipur

62. About 85 per cent of the total iron ore pro-duction of India is from—

(A) Jharkhand and Orissa(B) Karnataka and Orissa(C) Bihar and Madhya Pradesh(D) Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh

63. Name the Five Year Plan (FYP) in which the‘Voluntary Sterilization Population Policy’was introduced—

(A) First Five Year Plan

(B) Second Five Year Plan

(C) Third Five Year Plan

(D) Vth Five Year Plan

64. In the sub-continent of India, the regionfrequently affected by tropical cyclones isthe—(A) Gujarat coast(B) Coromandel coast(C) Konkan coast(D) Malabar coast

65. Which of the following regions/areas is notaffected by the monsoon of the Arabian Seabranch ?

(A) Western Ghat(B) Deccan Plateau(C) Madhya Pradesh(D) Punjab Plain

66. The heights of individual points on topo-graphical maps are indicated by—

(A) Spot height only(B) Benchmark only(C) Triangulation point only(D) All of the above

67. The broadest part of the Himalayas lies in—

(A) Himachal Pradesh(B) Arunachal Pradesh

(C) Jammu & Kashmir(D) Nagaland

68. Which of the following regions of India ismost developed economically ?

(A) North-eastern hill region(B) Eastern region(C) North-western region(D) Central region

69. If point A is at 230 m and point B at 570 melevations from mean sea level with a hori-zontal equivalent of 2·0 km, which one of thefollowing gradients is correct between thesetwo points ?

(A) 0·7 per cent (B) 7·0 per cent

(C) 17·0 per cent (D) 27·0 per cent


List-I (Satellite) List-II (Country)

(a) SPOT 1. India(b) GOES 2. France(c) Meteor-3 3. Russia(d) INSAT 4. USA


(A) 2 4 3 1

(B) 2 4 1 3

(C) 4 2 3 1

(D) 4 2 1 3

71. Which one of the following techniques is notsuitable for showing urban population on themap ?(A) Circles(B) Divided circles(C) Spheres(D) Hachures

72. Which one of the following statements is notcorrect ?(A) Contour maps are isopleth maps(B) Isopleths are lines of equal value(C) Isopleth technique always takes adminis-

trative boundaries into account(D) Isopleth technique is suitable for contin-

uous data


73. Consider the following statements and selectthe correct answer using the codes givenbelow—

1. Deserts, marshes and hilly tracts areknown as the negative areas of popula-tion.

2. Dot method is the best technique to showthe distribution of population.

3. Dot method can be used to show age andsex composition.

4. The dot map cannot be transferred intoisopleth.

Codes :

(A) Only 1 and 3 are correct

(B) 1, 2 and 3 are correct

(C) 1, 2 and 4 are correct

(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4 are correct

74. Which of the following is most suitable toshow the unequality in the distribution ?(A) Lorenz curve(B) Bar graph(C) Circle diagram(D) Isopleth

75. Which one of the following is the correctgeometric mean of the data set : 0, 50, 100,100, 150, 250, 450, 500 ?

(A) 125 (B) 100

(C) 200 (D) 0

Answers with Explanations1. (A) Resequent drainage—A stream pattern

which flows in the same direction as that ofinitial consequent stream but later on whichdevelops in response to a new base level iscalled resequent drainage.

2. (D) The concept of Base level of erosion wasprofounded by J. W. Powell.

3. (B) The surface velocity of Glacier is greaterin the central part then its side because theresistance is offered by the sides, by the rockWalls and Morain. Similarly, the ice of thesurface moves faster than ice with in theGlacier. The surface velocity being the sum ofslipping a shear deformation with in the ice.

4. (C)

5. (C) Paige (1912), Blackwelder (1931) andJohnson (1932). Gave the theory of formationof Pediments by later erosion.

6. (A) Incised meanders are formed prior torejuvenation stage of river.

7. (B)

8. (B) There is no doubt the ozone hole wasobserved over Antartica, but O3 deplet gasesare not present throughout the stratosphere.

9. (C) The height of the clouds given in thequestion are as follows—

1. Strato-cumulus—3000 metre2. Alto-cumulus—3000–7500 metre

3. Cirro-nimbus—7000 metre

4. Cumulo-nimbus—More than 7500 metre

10. (A) At higher altitudes, the air is varifiedhence its density decreases.

11. (C)

12. (C) cfc is not a natural gas it is due to aero-plane, air conditioner and refrigerators. WhileKrepton, Argon and Water vapour are presentin the atmosphere in their natural ways.

13. (A)

14. (A) Hurricane, a spanish name which refersprimarily to the revolving tropical storms ofthe Carriben and Gulf of Mexico, Charac-terize the central areas of calm i.e. ‘eye’around which the winds of very high velocity> 160 km/hr revolve and is accompained bytorrential rain and by thunder and lighting.

15. (D) Paternoster lakes-a series of lakes in aglacial valley impounded behind moraines orin rock basins. Closed at their lower level byrock bars.

16. (C) Thornthwaits in his second classification(1948) use rainfall as-well-as potential Evapo-transpiration.

17. (A) Selva—A Portuguese term for the equa-torial rainforest of Amazon basin, now alsoapplied to similiar types of vegetation elsewhere in the world.

18. (A) Niche-a term used in ecology to describethe optimum habitat in an environment for itsspecific organism.

19. (D) 20. (B) 21. (D) 22. (C) 23. (A)

24. (D) 25. (C) 26. (A) 27. (B) 28. (B)


29. (D)

30. (A) Al-Masudi tried to solve the probleconcerning the exact source of river Nile. Herejected the idea of Ptolemy that the induswas connected with the Nile river.

31. (A)

32. (C) Kuhn, the American historian of sciencepostulated a very important theory about thegrowth and development of science. For thedevelopment of science Kuhn prepared amodel which he termed as ‘Paradigm ofScience’.

33. (B) 34. (B) 35. (D) 36. (A) 37. (B)

38. (D)

39. (A) Multiple Nuclei theory for urban growthwas profounded by C. D. Harris and Ullmanin 1945.

40. (C) 41. (A) 42. (B) 43. (B) 44. (C)45. (A) Footloose industries are those industries

which can be established where the rowmaterial is even not available and thetransport cost is unimportant e.g. (electricalgoods).

46. (D) 47. (B) 48. (C) 49. (A) 50. (D)51. (A) 52. (C) 53. (C) 54. (D) 55. (A)56. (B) 57. (A) 58. (B) 59. (D) 60. (D)61. (A) 62. (A) 63. (D) 64. (B) 65. (D)66. (A) 67. (C) 68. (D) 69. (C) 70. (A)71. (D) 72. (C) 73. (C) 74. (D) 75. (D)


(Paper-II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objectivetype questions of two (2) marks each. Allquestions are compulsory.

1. Landslides involve—(A) Downslope movement of individual rock

blocks which is usually not perceptible (B) Rapid perceptible movement of relatively

dry mass of earth debris or bed rock

(C) Slow to very rapid movement of watersaturated rock debris

(D) Slow-flowing downslope masses of rockdebris saturated with water.

2. Which of the following pairs is not a correctmatch of desert and country/continent ?

(A) Atacama desert — South America

(B) Gobi desert — Central Asia

(C) Sonoran desert — West Asia

(D) Great Victorian — Australiadesert

3. One of the proponents of the turbidity currenttheory of the origin of submarine canyonswas—

(A) Daly (B) Dana

(C) Salis (D) Gregory

4. The term panplane refers to—

(A) A level surface formed in the old age offluvial cycle

(B) A level surface formed by wind erosion

(C) A plain formed by marine action

(D) A plain formed by joining of flood-plains

5. In the process of erosion, the removal ofmaterial by solution is called—

(A) Attrition (B) Corrasion

(C) Corrosion (D) Sapping

6. Arrange the solar spectrum in ascending orderof its wavelength—1. Ultraviolet 2. Microwaves3. X-rays 4. Television wavesCodes :(A) 4, 3, 2, 1 (B) 1, 3, 4, 2(C) 3, 1, 2, 4 (D) 2, 3, 1, 4

7. Energy that is reflected by the atmosphere—(A) does not heat the atmosphere(B) has a different wavelength than the in-

coming energy(C) is usually short energy like visible light

which does not penetrate the atmosphere(D) heats the atmosphere by absorption

8. Which one of the following statements aboutthe polar jet stream is not true ?(A) It mvoes northwards during summer(B) It supplies energy to the circulation of

surface storms(C) Its location roughly coincides with that

of the polar front(D) Its velocity is greater during summer

9. The percentage of water vapour in the air inthe tropical regions may be as high as—(A) 4 per cent (B) 10 per cent(C) 30 per cent (D) 50 per cent

10. The vertical air flow in an anticyclone resultsin—(A) diversion aloft(B) conversion aloft(C) diversion both aloft and at the surface(D) convergence at the surface and diver-

gence aloft

11. The most common salt in the ocean is—(A) Calcium chloride


(B) Sodium nitrate(C) Sodium chloride(D) Calcium nitrate

12. In the hydrological cycle evaporation ispreceded by—(A) Clouds (B) Precipitation(C) Heat (D) Condensation

13. Which of the following occupies TrophicLevel I in food chain ?(A) Bacteria(B) Carnivores(C) Primary consumers(D) Plants

14. Which of the following regions is known asthe ‘carbon sink’ of the globe ?(A) Antarctica (B) Savanna(C) N.W. Europe (D) Tropical rainforest

15. Ecological Niche refers to—(A) Interaction between man and environment(B) The functional role of an organism in the

ecosystem(C) Interdependence of man and plant(D) None of the above

16. Who among the following expounded theconcept that “the present is the key to thepast” ?(A) Buffon (B) Lyell(C) Hutton (D) Playfair

17. The approach that some of the geographicalfacts according to Ritter, cannot be explainedscientifically, is termed as—

(A) Ecological (B) Regional(C) Teleological (D) Locational

18. Whose pioneer statement on the scope andmethod of modern geography, according toHartshorne, set the direction of geographicthought for the future ?

(A) Blache (B) Schluter

(C) Ratzel (D) Richthofen

19. Who among the following geographersemphasized the predominant role of climatein human life ?

(A) Geddes (B) Jefferson(C) Huntington (D) Brunhes

20. Who is usually given the credit forestablishing the validity of the idea that therewas an ice age during which ice sheetscovered much of northern Europe ?(A) Agassiz (B) Ramsay(C) Jukes (D) Penck

21. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The metropolitan cities are

numerically dominated bymale adult population.

Reason (R) : Migration is age and sexselective.





22. The percentage of Aged population (60+) tothe total population in India lies between—

(A) 2–5 (B) 5–10

(C) 10–12 (D) 12–15

23. Which of the following migration streamsexperiences the maximum migration in India ?

(A) Rural to Rural (B) Rural to Urban(C) Urban to Urban (D) Urban to Rural

24. Which one of the following describes aprojected urbanised world or universal city bythe end of 21st century ?

(A) Conurbation (B) City-Region

(C) Megalopolis (D) Ecumenopolis

25. Which one of the following indicates‘Random’ distribution of settlements ?

(A) 0·49 (B) 1·00

(C) 1·59 (D) 2·15

26. The stretchability of resource refers to—

(A) The ability to find adequate substitution

(B) Susceptibility to destruction

(C) Ability to produce greater yields(D) Non-exhaustibility


27. Which one of the following sequences of landuse according to Von Thunen’s model iscorrect ?(A) Market gardening and fresh milk, fire-

wood and lumber, intensive crop farming(B) Firewood and lumber, intensive crop

farming, market gardening and fresh milk(C) Intensive crop farming, market gardening

and fresh milk, firewood and lumber(D) Market gardening and fresh milk, inten-

sive crop farming, firewood and lumber

28. Resource creation is the result of—(A) interaction of natural and cultural

processes(B) interaction of different natural processes(C) interaction of different social processes(D) interaction of different economic pro-

cesses

29. The final stage in the process of energyresource utilization is—(A) Transport(B) Storage(C) Disposal of waste material(D) Conversion

30. Who among the following developed thesequential expansion transport networkmodel ?(A) De Souza and Porter(B) Brown and Bracey(C) Myrdal, Seers and Rostow(D) Taaffe, Morrill and Gould

31. The concept of the Geographical Pivot ofHistory was proposed by—(A) Mickinder (B) Martin(C) Kropotkin (D) Ratzel

32. Which of the following categories does Chilebelong to, according to shape ?(A) Fragmented(B) Fragmented cum elongated(C) Elongated(D) Compact cum elongated

33. The number of children dying in the first yearof their birth per thousand live birth in a yearis called—

(A) Death rate

(B) Standardised mortality rate(C) Infant mortality rate(D) Life expectancy rate

34. Which one of the following arrangements ofStates in descending order of literacy ratesaccording to 2011 Census is correct ?(A) Kerala, Mizoram, Tripura, Goa(B) Kerala, Goa, Mizoram, Tripura(C) Goa, Kerala, Tripura, Mizoram(D) Mizoram, Tripura, Kerala, Goa

35. Which one of the following is related toTribal Economy ?(A) Intensive cultivation(B) Footloose Industry(C) Mining and Quarrying(D) Shifting cultivation

36. What are the bases of agro-climatic re-gionalization proposed by the Planning Com-mission of India ?(A) Relief, soil and drainage(B) Rainfall, temperature and cropped area(C) Vegetation, soil and land use(D) Relief, land use and Net sown Area

37. Which category of regions does metropolitanregion belongs to ?(A) Formal region(B) Functional region(C) Single purpose region(D) Natural region

38. Who among the following attempted divisionof India into planning regions ?

(A) O.H.K. Spate (B) L.D. Stamp(C) R.L. Singh (D) R.P. Misra

39. In which of the Five Year Plans regionalimbalance was given prominence for the firsttime ?

(A) First (B) Second

(C) Third (D) Fourth

40. Which one of the following is not theingredient of sustainable development ?(A) Intergeneration transferability(B) Social Justice(C) Inter-regional Transferability(D) Non-optimal resource utilization


41. The main species of the coniferous forests ofthe Himalayas between the altitudes 1600metres and 3300 metres are—(A) Cedar, Pine, Sine, Silverfir, Spruce(B) Sagon and Sakhu(C) Sandalwood, Rosewood(D) Oak, Chestnut, Chir, Chil

42. The Bundelkhand plateau covers parts ofwhich two of the following States ?(A) Chhattisgarh and Jharkhand(B) Uttar Pradesh and Madhya Pradesh(C) Chhattisgarh and Uttar Pradesh(D) Madhya Pradesh and Chhattisgarh

43. Which of the following places in India rankssecond among the coldest inhabited places inthe world ?(A) Dras (B) Itanagar(C) Manali (D) Mana

44. Which of the following States has the highestpercentage of its agricultural area under canalirrigation ?(A) Madhya Pradesh(B) Jammu & Kashmir(C) Uttarakhand(D) Uttar Pradesh

45. Which of the following ranges separates theKashmir Valley from the Indus RiverValley ?(A) Pir Panjal Range(B) Dhauladhar Range(C) Great Himalayan Range(D) Siwalik Range

46. Which one of the following methods issuitable to represent the proportions ofdifferent land uses in a region ?(A) Line graph(B) Pie diagram(C) Hythergraph(D) Triangular diagram

47. The dot method of distribution refers to—(A) Iconic Model (B) Analogue Model(C) Symbolic Model (D) Graphical Model

48. Which one of the following is a relativemeasure of dispersion ?(A) Standard deviation

(B) Quartile deviation(C) Coefficient of variation(D) Range

49. If a map is drawn on RF 1/5500, which one ofthe following representative fractions will becorrect if the map is reduced to half ?(A) 1/2750 (B) 1/11,000(C) 1/5,000 (D) 1/33,000

50. Consider the following statements and selectthe correct answer using the codes givenbelow—1. NASA is the national acquisition and

distribution agency for all statellite datain India.

2. NASA sends the de-coded data to theNNRMS whose activities are guided byvarious Standing Committees.

Codes :(A) Only 1 is correct(B) Only 2 is correct(C) Both 1 and 2 are correct(D) Neither 1 nor 2 is correct

Answers with Explanations1. (C) A landslide or landslip is a geological

phenomenon which includes a wide range ofground movement, such as rockfalls, deepfailure of slopes and shallow debris flows,which can occur in offshore, coastal andonshore environments.

2. (C) The Sonoran Desert is a North Americandesert which covers large parts of theSouthwestern United States in Arizona,California, Northwest Mexico in Sonora, BajaCalifornia, and Baja California Sur. It is oneof the largest and hottest deserts in NorthAmerica, with an area of 311,000 squarekilometers (120,000 sq mi).

3. (A) 4. (A)

5. (C) Corrosion is the gradual destruction ofmaterial, usually metals, by chemical reactionwith its environment. In the most commonuse of the word, this means electrochemicaloxidation of metals in reaction with an oxidantsuch as oxygen. Rusting, the formation ofironoxides, is a well-known example ofelectrochemical corrosion.

6. (C) 7. (A)


8. (D) Jet streams are fast flowing, narrow aircurrents found in the atmospheres of someplanets, including Earth. The main jet streamsare located near the tropopause, the transitionbetween the troposphere (where temperaturedecreases with altitude) and the stratosphere(where temperature increases with altitude).

9. (A)

10. (B) An anticyclone is a weather phenomenondefined by the United States National WeatherService’s glossary as large-scale circulationof winds around a central region of highatmospheric pressure, clockwise in theNorthern Hemisphere, counterclockwise inthe Southern Hemisphere. (Wind Conver-gence in upper level and divergence in lowerlevel).

11. (C) Sodium chloride, also known as salt,common salt, table salt or halite, is an ioniccompound with the formula NaCl, represen-ting equal proportions of sodium and chloride.Sodium chloride is the salt most responsiblefor the salinity of the ocean and of theextracellular fluid of many multicellularorganisms. As the major ingredient in ediblesalt, it is commonly used as a condiment andfood preservative.

12. (C)

13. (D) A food chain is a linear sequence of linksin a food web starting from a trophic speciesthat eats no other species in the web and endsat a trophic species that is eaten by no otherspecies in the web. A food chain differs froma food web, because the complex polyphagousnetwork of feeding relations are aggregatedinto trophic species and the chain onlyfollows linear monophagous pathways.

14. (D) A carbon sink is a natural or artificialreservoir that accumulates and stores somecarbon-containing chemical compound for anindefinite period. The process by whichcarbon sinks remove carbon dioxide (CO2)from the atmosphere is known as carbonsequestration. Public awareness of the signi-ficance of CO2 sinks has grown since passageof the Kyoto Protocol, which promotes theiruse as a form of carbon offset.

15. (B) In ecology, a niche is a term describingthe way of life of a species. Each species isthought to have a separate, unique niche. The

ecological niche describes how an organismor population responds to the distribution ofresources and competitors (e.g., by growingwhen resources are abundant, and whenpredators, parasites and pathogens are scarce)and how it in turn alters those same factors.

16. (C) James Hutton was a Scottish physician,geologist, naturalist, chemical manufacturerand experimental agriculturalist. His workhelped to establish the basis of moderngeology. His theories of geology and geologictime, also called deep time, came to beincluded in theories which were calledplutonism and uniformitarianism. He is alsocredited as the first scientist to publiclyexpress the Earth was alive and should beconsidered a superorganism.

17. (C) A teleology is any philosophical accountthat holds that final causes exist in nature,meaning that design and purpose analogous tothat found in human actions are inherent alsoin the rest of nature. The adjective‘teleological’ has a broader usage, forexample in discussions where particularethical theories or types of computer programsare sometimes described as teleologicalbecause they involve aiming at goals.

18. (D)19. (C) Ellsworth Huntington was a professor of

geography at Yale University during the early20th century, known for his studies onclimatic determinism, economic growth andeconomic geography.

20. (A) 21. (A) 22. (B) 23. (A) 24. (C)25. (B) 26. (C) 27. (A) 28. (A) 29. (D)30. (D)31. (A) Sir Halford John Mackinder was an

English geographer and is considered one ofthe founding fathers of both geopolitics andgeostrategy.

32. (B)33. (C) Infant mortality occurs when a child dies

after birth. Childhood mortality is the death ofa child before their fifth birthday. Nationalstatistics tend to group these two mortalityrates together. Ten million infants andchildren die each year before their fifthbirthday. Ninety-nine per cent of these infantand childhood deaths occur in developingnations. Infant mortality takes away society’spotential physical, social and human capital.


34. (A)

Rank State LiteracyRate (%)

Literacy Rate (%)2001 Census

Literacy Rate (%)2011 Census

% Increase

1 Kerala 100 92·19 93·9 3·04%

2 Mizoram 75·9 88·8 91·6 2·80%

3 Tripura 74·2 73·19 87·8 14·61%

4 Goa 83·3 87·4 87·4 0·00%

35. (D) Shifting cultivation is an agriculturalsystem in which plots of land are cultivatedtemporarily, then abandoned. This systemoften involves clearing of a piece of landfollowed by several years of wood harvestingor farming, until the soil loses fertility. Oncethe land becomes inadequate for cropproduction. It is left to be reclaimed by naturalvegetation, or sometimes converted to adifferent long-term cyclical farming practice.

36. (B)37. (B) A functional region or Nodal region, is a

region that has a defined core that retains aspecific characteristic that diminishes out-wards. To be considered a Functional region,atleast one form of spatial interaction mustoccur between the centre and all other parts ofthe region. A functional region is organizedaround a node or focal point with thesurrounding areas linked to that node bytransportation systems, communicationsystems, or other economic association invol-ving such activities as manufacturing andretial trading.

38. (D) 39. (C)40. (D) Sustainable development refers to a mode

of human development in which resource useaims to meet human needs while preservingthe environment so that these needs can be

met not only in the present, but also forgenerations to come. The term ‘sustainabledevelopment’ was used by the BrundtlandCommission which coined what has becomethe most often-quoted definition of sustainabledevelopment : “development that meets theneeds of the present without compromisingthe ability of future generations to meet theirown needs.”

41. (A) 42. (B)

43. (A) Dras is a town in the Kargil District ofJammu and Kashmir, India. It is often called‘The Gateway to Ladakh’.

44. (D) 45. (C)

46. (B) A pie chart is a circular chart divided intosectors, illustrating proportion. In a pie chart,the arc length of each sector (and consequentlyits central angle and area), is proportional tothe quantity it represents. When angles aremeasured with 1 turn as unit then a number ofper cent is identified with the same number ofcentiturns. Together, the sectors create a fulldisk. It is named for its resemblance to a piewhich has been sliced. The size of the sectorsare calculated by converting between percen-tage and degrees or by the use of a percentageprotractor.

47. (B) 48. (C) 49. (B) 50. (C)


(Paper-III)

Note—This paper contains seventy five (75)objective type questions of two (2) marks each.All questions are compulsory.

01. Most of the details of our present topographybelong to the—

(A) Pre-cambrian era

(B) Paleozoic era

(C) Mesozoic era

(D) Cenozoic era

02. If you are sitting on the beach facing the seaon a sunny afternoon, the local wind willbe—

(A) striking your back and continuing to thesea because of sea breeze effect

(B) towards your from the sea because of thesea breeze effect

(C) towards your from the sea because of thelapse rate effect

(D) striking your back and continuing to thesea because of the land breeze effect

03. The temperature at which water vapourscondense, is the—

(A) Relative humidity

(B) Condensation point

(C) Dew point

(D) Evaporation point

04. Examine the following statements and selectthe correct answer using the codes givenahead—

1. The atmospheric air is never completelydry.

2. Water vapour can occupy as much as 4per cent of the atmospheric volume.

3. Water vapour in the atmosphere is alwaysinvisible.

Codes :(A) 1 and 2 are correct(B) 2 and 3 are correct(C) 1 and 3 are correct(D) 1, 2 and 3 are correct

05. Chemical weathering is more effective thanmechanical weathering in—(A) Semi arid region(B) Arid region(C) Coastal region(D) Cool temperate region

06. A drainage system which is not related to thestructure of the region where it occurs iscalled a—(A) Radial drainage pattern(B) Trellis drainage pattern(C) Superimposed drainage pattern(D) Dendritic drainage pattern

07. Who calculated the slope based on thefollowing formula ?

tan α = number of contours per mile × contour interval

3361

(A) Wentworth (B) Raiz

(C) Henry (D) Davis

08. Given below are the two statements onelabelled as Assertion (A) and other Labelledas Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : The work of wind as anagent of gradation is notas widespread as that ofwater.

Reason (R) : It is effective only in thedesert regions of the worldwhere rainfall is scantyand soil particles are loose.


In the context of the given two statementswhich one of the following is correct ?(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



09. ‘The Two-Cycle Theory’ of the origin oflimestone caverns was proposed by—

(A) Davis (B) Swinerton

(C) Gardner (D) Malott

10. All those processes which tend to bring thesurface of the lithosphere to a common levelare collectively known as—

(A) Gradation (B) Degradation

(C) Aggradation (D) Mass wasting

11. Which one of the following atmosphericlayers reflects radio waves that are transmittedfrom the earth again back to the earth ?

(A) Mesosphere (B) Ionosphere

(C) Troposphere (D) Stratosphere

12. According to ‘Single cell circulation’ modelproposed by Hadley, the most importantfactor causing global atmospheric circulationis—

(A) subsidence at the equator(B) temperature contrast between equator

and pole(C) the jet stream

(D) rotation of the earth

13. Which of the following would likely to havethe lowest albedo ?

(A) Mirror

(B) Fresh snow in the Arctic

(C) Moist ploughed soil

(D) Thick cloud

14. Given below are the two statements onelabelled as Assertion (A) and the otherlabelled as Reason (R).

Assertion (A) : Hurricane cannot developin the vicinity of equator.

Reason (R) : Coriolis force is maximumover the equator.

In the context of the given two statementswhich one of the following is correct ?(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not

correct explanation(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the

correct explanation(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

15. When sun is shining vertically over Tropic ofCapricorn ?(A) Days and nights are equal over the entire

globe(B) Nights are longer than days in the

Southern hemisphere(C) Nights are equal to 24 hours over the

Arctic region (D) Days and nights are of 12 hour duration

over Antarctica

16. Which of the following statements is not true ?(A) Evaporation is directly proportional to

temperature(B) Evaporation is more over land than

ocean(C) Evaporation is higher over warm surface

than on cold surface(D) Evaporation reduces the amount of heat

available in the atmosphere therebyreducing the temperature

17. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer by using codes given below—

List-I(a) Sublimation (b) Freezing(c) Evaporation (d) Condensation

List-II1. The energy absorbed is used to give the

motion needed the escape the surface.2. Energy is released.

3. Releases 80 cal/gm.

4. Absorb 680 cal/gm to change the state.


(A) 2 3 4 1

(B) 1 3 2 4(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 3 2 4 1


18. Pelagic deposits consist of matter derivedfrom algae and are mostly in the form ofliquid mud known as—(A) Blue mud (B) Ooze(C) Red mud (D) Coral mud

19. The average temperature of the surface waterof the oceans is—(A) 22°C (B) 15°C(C) 26·7°C (D) 18·6°C

20. Ecosystem has two components which are—(A) Animals and plants(B) Trees and weeds(C) Frogs and men(D) Abiotic and biotic

21. All the ecosystems taken together in ageographical area form a bigger unit called—(A) Community (B) Territory(C) Biome (D) Biosphere

22. Which one of the following ocean currentsbelongs to Indian Ocean ?(A) Canary Current(B) Antilles Current(C) Labrador Current(D) Agulhas Current

23. The Western Coast of Australia recordshigher salinity due to—

(A) Ocean currents

(B) Wind direction(C) Dry weather condition

(D) All of the above

24. The highest salinity is found in the—

(A) Baltic Sea

(B) Okhotsk Sea

(C) Mediterranean Sea

(D) Red Sea

25. Which of the following statements aboutsynecology is correct ?

(A) It is a study of individual species inrelation to its environment

(B) It is a study of complex inter-relationshipof biotic communities

(C) It is essentially habitat ecology(D) It is mainly social ecology

26. Organic deposits made by living or deadorganisms that form rock elevation like aridge are known as—(A) Corals (B) Conyons(C) Reefs (D) Guyots

27. Which one of the schools of thought firstdeveloped possibilism ?(A) German School of Geography(B) Russian School of Geography(C) French School of Geography(D) British School of Geography

28. Which one of the following is not a supporterof the theory of determinism ?(A) Wolfgang Hartake(B) R. Hartshorne(C) O.H.K. Spate(D) All of the above

29. Who among the following noted first theregularity between the sizes of cities and theirrank ?(A) Zipf (B) Jefferson(C) Auerbach (D) Christaller

30. Who among the following is an advocate ofidealism in geography ?(A) Guelke (B) Gilbert(C) Samuels (D) Pocock

31. The statement that ‘a method by which onecan rethink the thought of those whoseactions one seeks to explain’ refers in humangeography to the philosophy of—

(A) Phenomenology (B) Idealism

(C) Existentialism (D) Positivism

32. Which among the following was responsiblefor the radical transformation of spirit andpurpose of geography ?

(A) Post Modernism (B) Humanism

(C) Structuralism (D) Quantification

33. Which among the following was one of theforces responsible for continental driftaccording to Wegner ?

(A) Tidal Force(B) Convection Currents(C) Tensional Force(D) Compressional force


34. Which one of the following States/UnionTerritories recorded the highest density ofpopulation as per census 2011 ?(A) Chandigarh(B) West Bengal(C) Kerala(D) Maharashtra

35. If economic landscape of a region isdependent on ‘transport principle’ of centralplace system, with the population size of 4·0lakh of its highest order town, which one ofthe following population size of next lowerorder town is correct ?(A) 3·0 lakh (B) 2·0 lakh(C) 1·0 lakh (D) 0·5 lakh

36. Who defined settlement geography first timeincorporating the concept of settlementpattern, house types and field system ?(A) Meitzen (B) Stone(C) Huntington (D) Trewartha

37. The sparsely populated countries have slowgrowth of industries because—

(A) of shortage of skilled labour

(B) small population does not provide a goodmarket

(C) of both (A) and (B)

(D) agriculture is more developed than indus-tries

38. Which one of the following countries has thehighest density of population ?

(A) Bangladesh (B) Pakistan

(C) Sri Lanka (D) India

39. The size of population in lower age group islarge in countries where—

(A) Birth-rate is high

(B) Birth-rate is low

(C) Death-rate is high

(D) Death-rate is low

40. The base of the age-sex pyramid is broad andapex is narrow in—

(A) Developed countries

(B) Developing countries

(C) Underdeveloped countries

(D) None of the above

41. Which one of the following market locationsis optimal in given diagram of industriallandscape ?

Productionline

a b c d

Cost line

(A) c (B) b(C) d (D) a

42. Which one of the following matches in caseof shifting cultivation is not correct ?(A) Ladang — Indonesia(B) Ray — Vietnam(C) Milpa — Mexico(D) Tamrai — Brazil

43. The polar regions are sparsely populatedbecause—(A) The growing season is short owing to

low temperature(B) There are no mineral resources(C) The regions are forested(D) Both (B) and (C)

44. Which one of the following countries is themajor producer of mica ?(A) India (B) U.S.A.(C) Brazil (D) China

45. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I (Sectors)(a) Primary sector(b) Secondary sector(c) Tertiary sector(d) Quarternary

List-II (Economic Activities)1. Business organisation2. Cultivation3. Handloom textiles4. Transport servicesCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 2 3 1 4(D) 4 3 2 1


46. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Industrial activities)(a) Processing activities(b) Fabricating activities(c) Integrative activities(d) Administrative activities

List-II (Explanations)1. Inputs are processed goods.2. Major inputs are raw material.3. Involve neither inputs nor outputs.4. Inputs are processed goods undergoing

little change.Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 1 4 3 2(D) 3 2 4 1

47. The number of persons expressed in terms ofunit area of agricultural land is known as—(A) Economic Density(B) Physiological Density(C) Arithmetical Density(D) Agricultural Density

48. Who among the following proposed a grandscheme of natural regions on a global scale bycombining physical determinants of plantsand animals life ?(A) Unstead (B) Herbertson(C) Whittlesey (D) Dickinson

49. Which of the following was not mentionedby Brunhes as essential fact of humangeography ?

(A) Facts of unproductive occupation of soil

(B) Facts of plants and animal conquest

(C) Facts of destructive exploitation

(D) Facts of manufacturing

50. Which one of the following factors is notaffecting the voting behaviour ?

(A) Religious

(B) Castes

(C) High level of literacy

(D) Size of landholdings

51. Which indicator from among the followingcould be the best indicator of social-wellbeing ?(A) Population growth rate(B) Literacy rate(C) Life-expectancy(D) Per capita income

52. Who among the followings gave the conceptof ‘Rimland’ theory ?(A) A Ratzel (B) O.H.K. Spate(C) Spykman (D) Griffith Taylor

53. Who propounded the theory of ‘Heartland’ inpolitical geography ?(A) Mackinder (B) Spykman(C) Smith (D) Raiz

54. A functional region is delineated on the basisof—(A) Administrative boundaries(B) Field of interactions(C) Isolines(D) Physical divisions

55. Who in census of India applied the ‘ternarydiagram’ for the functional classification oftowns in India ?

(A) P. Padmanabha (B) A.R. Nanda(C) Ashok Mitra (D) Chandrasekhar

56. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Author)(a) W. Christaller(b) V.L.S. Prakasa Rao(c) Manzoor Alam & W. Khan(d) M. Chisholm

List-II (Name of the Book)1. Rural settlement and land use.2. Metropolitan Hyderabad and its region.3. Regional Planning.4. Central places in Southern Germany.


(A) 1 3 4 2(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 1 2 3 4


57. Who authored the book entitled ‘Growth Poleand Growth Centres for Regional EconomicDevelopment in India’ ?(A) Sen and Wanmali(B) Sadasyuk and Sengupta(C) Misra, Rao and Sundaram(D) Rao and Sundaram

58. Which one of the following states recordedthe highest decadal growth rate of populationbetween 2001 and 2011 as per census record ?(A) Bihar(B) Uttar Pradesh(C) Rajasthan(D) Arunanchal Pradesh


List-I (Type of climate)(a) Aw (b) Amw

(c) BShw (d) BWhw

List-II (Region)1. Rain shadow zone of Karnataka2. Thar Desert3. W. Bengal and Bihar4. Malabar Coast


(A) 3 4 1 2(B) 3 1 4 2(C) 2 1 4 3(D) 2 4 1 3

60. Which one of the following rivers does notmake a delta ?(A) Mahanadi (B) Godavari(C) Tapti (D) Ganga

61. Which one of the following rivers does notflow through Himachal Pradesh ?(A) Jhelum (B) Beas(C) Chenab (D) Ravi


List-I (Rivers)(a) Krishna (b) Brahamaputra(c) Godavari (d) Yamuna

List-II (Their Tributaries)1. Chambal 2. Indravati3. Tista 4. Bhima


(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 3 4 2 1(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 1 4 3 2

63. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Soil)(a) Alluvial (b) Black soil (Regur)(c) Desert (d) RedList-II (State)1. Rajasthan 2. Uttar Pradesh3. Maharashtra 4. MeghalayaCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 2 3 1 4(D) 4 2 3 1

64. Which one records the lowest normaltemperature in the month of January ?(A) Bikaner (B) Bengaluru(C) Jaisalmer (D) Firozpur


List-I (Pass)(a) Shipki La (b) Niti pass(c) Nathula (d) Bomdi La

List-II (State)1. Arunachal Pradesh2. Himachal Pradesh3. Uttarakhand4. Sikkim


(A) 2 3 4 1(B) 2 3 1 4(C) 4 2 1 3(D) 4 2 3 1

66. Which one of the following states has thelowest percentage of scheduled tribes ?(A) Arunachal Pradesh(B) Manipur(C) Mizoram(D) Nagaland


67. Which of the following hills forms the NorthEastern edge of the Chhotanagpur Plateau ?(A) Rajmahal Hills (B) Mikir Hills(C) Parasnath Hills (D) Javadi Hills

68. Consider the following statements and selectthe correct answer using codes given below—1. In a Representative Fraction (R.F.), the

numerator is always one.2. In an R.F. Scale, the unit of denominator

is always as of the unit of numerator.3. R.F. is not suitable technique of showing

scale on a map.4. The statement scale, e.g., 1 cm to 1 km is

suitable scale on a map.

Codes :(A) 1, 2 and 3 is correct(B) 1, 3 and 4 is correct(C) 2, 3 and 4 is correct(D) 1, 2 and 4 is correct

69. If Representative Fraction (RF) of a map is1/5000 which is reduced three times, which ofthe following RF is correct for reduced map ?(A) 1/2,500 (B) 1/1,000(C) 1/15,000 (D) 1/25,000

70. Consider the following statements and selectthe correct answer using the codes givenbelow—

1. IRS is the mainstay of National NaturalResources Management System(NNRMS) in India.

2. Development and operational respon-sibilities of earth observation in India isoverseen by the National RemoteSensing Agency (NRSA).

Codes :(A) Only 1 is correct

(B) Only 2 is correct

(C) Both 1 and 2 are correct

(D) Neither 1 nor 2 is correct

71. Which one of the following statement iscorrect in contest of Sten-de-Geer’s methodused for showing population distribution ?

(A) Rural population is shown by spheremethod

(B) Urban population is shown by dotmethod

(C) Scale of Cube-roots are used for showingthe spheres

(D) Spheres occupy bigger space on map

72. Which one of the following measurements isused for inequality distribution of farmersincome subject to their landholding size of anarea ?

(A) Standard Deviation

(B) Coefficient of Variation

(C) Gini Index

(D) Correlation Coefficient

73. Consider the following statements and selectthe correct answer using the codes givenbelow—1. Random sampling is called as probability

sampling.2. Random sampling is done with help of

random table.3. Landscape elements are generally

scattered at random.

Codes :(A) 1 and 2 are correct

(B) 2 and 3 are correct

(C) 1 and 3 are correct

(D) 1, 2 and 3 are correct


List-I (Cartographic method)(a) Chorochromatic(b) Choroschematic

(c) Isopleth(d) Choropleth

List-II (Map)1. Contour2. Administrative map3. Use of letters like R = Rice, W = Wheat4. Density of population


(A) 2 3 4 1(B) 2 3 1 4(C) 3 2 4 1(D) 3 2 1 4


75. According to Nearest Neighbour Index, whatwould be the maximum value for the perfectuniform settlement distribution ?(A) 0·00 (B) 2·15(C) 1·55 (D) 2·89

Answers with Explanations1. (D) Cenozoic, a greek term means ‘recent

life’ adopted to describe the third of the era ofGeological time. Originally the term wasregarded as being synonymous with Tertioryin which the Alpine movements took placeand present topography look shape.

2. (B)3. (C) The dew point is the temperature below

which the water vapor in a volume of humidair at a constant barometric pressure willcondense into liquid water at the same rate atwhich it evaporates. Condensed water iscalled dew when it forms on a solid surface.

4. (A)5. (A) Chemical weathering is a processes that

lead to the decomposition or breakdown ofsolid rocks by means of chemical reactions.These comprise—1. Carbonation, 2. Hydro-lysis 3. Oxidation and 4. Reduction andSolution. These processes are most effectivein semi-arid region.

6. (D) Dendritic drainage is a type of drainagepattern which develops as an entirely randomnetwork because of the absence of structuralcontrol. Thus a dendritic pattern will becharacteristics of terrain which is of uniformlithology.

7. (A) 8. (A) 9. (A)10. (C) Aggradation means building up of the

land surface by the deposition of fluvial ormarine deposits and making the surface to alevel area.

11. (B) The ionosphere is a part of the upperatmosphere, from about 85 km (53 mi) to 600km (370 mi) altitude, comprising portions ofthe mesosphere, thermosphere and exosphere,distinguished because it is ionized by solarradiation. It plays an important part inatmospheric electricity and forms the inneredge of the magnetosphere. It has practicalimportance because, among other functions, itinfluences radio propagation to distant placeson the Earth.

12. (B)

13. (C) Albedo means reflection coefficient orreflectivity of an object. It varies according tocolour as well as texture of the surface snow85%, Dark soil 3%.

14. (C) 15. (C) 16. (B) 17. (C) 18. (B)

19. (D)20. (D) An ecosystem is a community of living

organisms (plants, animals and microbes) inconjunction with the non-living componentsof their environment (things like air, waterand mineral soil), interacting as a system.These biotic and abiotic components areregarded as linked together through nutrientcycles and energy.

21. (C) Biomes are climatically and geographi-cally defined as similar climatic conditions onthe Earth, such as communities of plants,animals, and soil organisms, and are oftenreferred to as ecosystems. Some parts of theearth have more or less the same kind ofabiotic and biotic factors spread over a largearea, creating a typical ecosystem over thatarea. Such major ecosystems are termed asbiomes. Biomes are defined by factors such asplant structures (such as trees, shrubs, andgrasses), leaf types (such as broadleaf andneedleleaf), plant spacing (forest, woodland,savanna), and climate.

22. (D) The Agulhas Current is the WesternBoundary Current of the south-west IndianOcean. It flows down the east coast of Africafrom 27°S to 40°S. It is narrow, swift andstrong.

23. (C)24. (D) Red Sea, being the inlet of Indian ocean,

lying between the Africa and Asia has salinityranging between 37–41‰, while Baltic Seawith salinity 3–13‰, Okhotsk Sea 30–32‰,and Mediterranean Sea with 37 to 39‰.

25. (B)26. (C) In nautical terminology, a reef is a rock,

sandbar, or other feature lying beneath thesurface of the water or less beneath lowwater. Many reefs result from abioticprocesses—deposition of sand, wave erosionplanning down rock outcrops, and othernatural processes—but the best-known reefsare the coral reefs of tropical waters developedthrough biotic processes dominated by coralsand calcareous algae.


27. (C) Possibilism in Geography developed as areaction to extreme generalization of environ-ment determinists that led to a counter thesisof Possibilism. Possibilism attempts to explainman-environment relationship in a differentway taking man as an active agent in environ-ment. This is a belief which asserts that naturalenvironment provides options, the number ofwhich increases as the knowledge technologyof a cultural group develop led by Frenchgeographers followers of historian LucianFebure.

28. (C) After the Second World War, the philo-sophy of environmentalism was attacked.Many Geographers in U.S.A., Canada, U.K.and other countries drew attention to the onesided approach adopted by the environmen-talists in their interpretation Spate-criticizedthe fanatic approach of environmental deter-minists. For example States environmenttaken by itself is a meaningless phase withoutman environment does not exist.

29. (A) G.K. Zipf in 1949 explained the Ranksize rule since then it got the popularity. Hedescribed the city rank size on the baises ofGeneral theory of human behaviour. He usedthis formula (Pr = P1/r). Pr means populationof rank size city, P1 means population ofprimate city and r result in the rank of city.He used this formula over 100 cities (big) ofAmerica.

30. (A) 31. (B) 32. (D)33. (A) Wegner in his continental drift theory was

of the view that the movement of continentstook places at two side—1. Toward the North from equator—it was

due to gravitational force and force ofbuoyancy.

2. Towards the west—it was due to Tidalforce.

34. (A) Chandigarh — 9252West Bengal — 1030Kerala — 859Maharashtra — 365

35. (C) 36. (A) 37. (C)

38. (A) As per Britanica year book, 2011 thedensity of population in the given countries isas follows—1. Bangladesh (2010) 1071·1 persons2. Pakistan (2010) 209·1 persons3. Sri Lanka (2010) 311·1 persons4. India (2011) 382 persons

39. (A) 40. (D) 41. (B) 42. (D) 43. (A)

44. (A) 45. (B) 46. (B) 47. (D) 48. (B)

49. (D) 50. (D) 51. (C) 52. (C)53. (A) Sir Halford John Mackinder was an

English geographer and is considered one ofthe founding fathers of both geopolitics andgeostrategy.

54. (B)

55. (C) Ashok Mitra in 1971 using the censusdata of 1961 divided them into three groups—A, B and C to know the function of a city. Heused triangular co-ordinates for the first orderand last order (Higher level to low levelfunction). According to him functionalcharacteristics of a city can be known byintersecting points in triangle.

56. (C) 57. (C) 58. (D) 59. (A) 60. (C)61. (A) Jhelum River is a river that flows in India

and Pakistan. It is the largest and most westernof the five rivers of Punjab, and passesthrough Jhelum District. It is not throughHimachal Pradesh state.

62. (A) 63. (C) 64. (D) 65. (A) 66. (B)67. (A) 68. (D) 69. (C) 70. (A) 71. (C)72. (D) 73. (A) 74. (B) 75. (B)

Geography(Paper–II)

UGC-NET/JRF Exam.,Solved Paper

June 2013Geography

(Paper-II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objec-tive type questions of two (2) marks each. Allquestions are compulsory.

1. Which one of the following is not a glacio-fluvial depositional landform ?(A) Esker (B) Drumlin(C) Kame (D) Horn

2. Which one of the following arrangements ofglacial periods of Pleistocene Ice Age is in acorrect chronological order ?(A) Würm – Mindel – Gunz – Riss(B) Riss – Mindel – Würm – Gunz(C) Mindel – Würm – Gunz – Riss(D) Gunz – Mindel – Riss – Würm

3. The rigid masses surrounding the geosynclinewere termed by Kober as—(A) Orogen (B) Kratogen(C) Primarumph (D) Zwischengebirge

4. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : On Hawai Islands volcaniceruption are effusive type.Reason (R) : Less viscous lavas erupt quitly.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is



5. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given ahead—List-I (River)(a) Mississippi (b) Ganga(c) Narmada (d) Old course of yellow

List-II (Types of Delta)1. Arcuate2. Birdfoot3. Abandoned4. EstuarineCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 4 3(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 2 1 4 3(D) 4 2 1 3

6. Which of the following is not true about theTaiga Forests ?(A) The forest cover is dominated by

coniferous trees(B) The forest floors are quite clear(C) Tree growth is very fast(D) The diameters of trees mostly range

between 2 cm and 60 cm

7. Surface ocean currents derive their energyfrom—(A) Salinity (B) Tectonics(C) Wind (D) Tsunamis

8. Especially high and low tides that occur nearthe times of new and full moons are called—(A) Spring tide (B) Neap tide(C) Super tide (D) Fall tide

9. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given ahead—Assertion (A) : In the Arctic ecosystem, iflichen production were either impaired ordestroyed, the whole system would collapsebecause the herbivorous and carnivorousdirectly and indirectly depend upon lichens.

4 | UGC-NET Geography-II (J-13)

Reason (R) : The Arctic ecosystem has a verycomplex trophic structure.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is



10. Which one of the following is not true aboutthe native animal life of the rainy tropics ?(A) An immense number and variety of

insects(B) Few arboreal fauna(C) Few grazing and carnivorous animals(D) Abundant aquatic life

11. Which atmospheric gas filters out most of theultraviolet radiation in sunlight ?(A) Argon (B) Carbon dioxide(C) Ozone (D) Helium

12. Which one of the following best describessurfaces air circulation in a NorthernHemisphere anticyclone ?(A) Divergent – Clockwise(B) Convergent – Counter clockwise(C) Stationary(D) Inward – Clockwise

13. Which type of front has the steepest slope ?(A) Warm front (B) Cold front(C) Stationary front (D) Occluded front

14. Which one of the following pairs is notcorrectly matched ?(A) Evaporation : The process of con-

verting a liquid to agas.

(B) Condensation : The change of statefrom a gas to a liquid.

(C) Element : A substance thatcannot be decompo-sed into simpler subs-tances by ordinarychemical or physicalmeans.

(D) Conduction : Tiny bits of particu-late matter that serveas surfaces on whichwater vapour conden-ses.

15. Which one of the following used ‘Precipita-tion effectiveness’ and ‘Thermal efficiency’ asthe basis of world’s climatic classification ?(A) Trewartha (B) Thornthwaite(C) Koppen (D) Kendrew

16. Which one of the following pairs is notcorrectly matched ?(A) Strabo : Published 17 volumes

work entitled as geo-graphy

(B) Ptolemy : Published a famous textcalled Almagest or Geo-graphike Syntaxis

(C) Hipparchus : Designed orthographicand stereographic projec-tions

(D) Hecataeus : Invented an instrumentknown as ‘Astrolabe’ fordetermination of lat-itudes and longitudes

17. Who among the following geographers laiddown the foundation of dichotomy of Generalversus Special Geography ?(A) Bernhard Varenius(B) Immanuel Kant(C) Peter Apian(D) Sebastian Munster

18. The concept of Teleology was propoundedby—

(A) Alexander Von Humboldt(B) Carl Ritter(C) Oscar Peschel(D) Vidal de la Blasche

19. Who among the following geographers speci-fically emphasized on climatic determinism ?

(A) Griffith Taylor

(B) Friedrich Ratzel

(C) Ellsworth Huntington

(D) Ellen Churchill Semple

20. The concept of ‘Areal Differentiation’ is alsotermed as—

(A) Exceptionalism

(B) Chorological Study

(C) Systematic Geography

(D) Regionalism

UGC-NET Geography-II (J-13) | 5

21. Which one of the following is correctsequence of contributors in the developmentof Greek Geography ?(A) Anaximander, Herodotus, Hipparchus,

Eratosthenes(B) Herodotus, Eratosthenes, Hipparchus,

Anaximander(C) Anaximander, Eratosthenes, Herodotus,

Hipparchus(D) Anaximander, Herodotus, Eratosthenes,

Hipparchus

22. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codes givenbelow—List-I (Scholar)(a) Brian Berry(b) Carl Sauer(c) Dorreen Massey(d) O.H.K. SpateList-II (Area of Specialization)1. Regional Geography2. Radical Geography3. Social Geography4. Urban GeographyCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 1 2 4 3(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 2 1 3 4


ProponentTheory related

with urbanstructure

(A) Homer Hoyt : Sector theory(B) Sinclair : Concentric theory(C) Christaller : Central place theory(D) Harris and

Ullman: Multiple Nuclei

theory

24. Given below are two statement, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given ahead—Assertion (A) : In the coreperiphery model,the core, region dominates whilst the peri-phery is dependent.

Reason (R) : This dependence is structuredmainly through relations of exchange andproduction between core and periphery.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is



25. In the acceleration stage of urbanisation, theurban population constitutes.(A) more than 70% of the total population of

the State(B) 25% to 70%(C) 10% to 25%(D) less than 10%

26. In developing countries, the populationpressure increases in some parts due to immi-gration. Such parts are characterized by—(A) Low cost of living(B) More suitable climate(C) Large employment opportunities(D) Accessibility

27. Followings are the names given to estatefarming in different parts of the world. Matchthe correct pairs—List-I List-II(a) Latifundia 1. Europe(b) Ranches 2. Anglo America(c) Fazendas 3. Latin America(d) Plantation 4. AsiaCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 3 4 2(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 4 3 1 2

28. The soils characterised by the dominantinfluence of climate are known as—(A) Zonal soils (B) Intrazonal soils(C) Interzonal soils (D) Azonal soils

29. Which one of the following is the mostimportant bases of Whittlesey’s classificationof agriculture of the world ?(A) Functional forms of agriculture(B) Distribution of climatic elements


(C) Forms of livestock grazing activities(D) Regional distribution of the principal

crops and animals of commercial signi-ficance

30. Who among the followings has used for thefirst time the ranking co-efficient method ofagricultural productivity ?(A) L. D. Stamp (B) Mohammad Shafi(C) M. G. Kendall (D) G. Eneydi

31. Gibbs-Martin Index is used for the measure-ment of—(A) Crop specialisation(B) Crop diversification(C) Crop concentration(D) Crop combination

32. The most dominant blood group among theMongoloid races is—(A) A (B) B(C) AB (D) O

33. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : ‘Social indicator movement’was quickly developed in 1960s in the UnitedStates of America (U.S.A.).Reason (R) : It grew in response to rise of awide range of social problems in U.S.Society.In the context of the above two statements,which one of the following is correct ?(A) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not

correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the


34. Which one of the following sub races doesnot belong to the Caucasoid race ?(A) Eskimo (B) Celtic(C) Nordic (D) East Baltic

35. “Regions are good servants but bad masters”was stated by—(A) C.C. Carter(B) A.J. Herbertson(C) O.H.K. Spate

(D) Vidal de la Blasche

36. The regions developed along transportationlines or irrigation channels are called as—(A) Transport regions(B) Axial regions(C) River-Valley regions(D) Transitional regions

37. Which one of the following statements is notcorrect ?(A) Regions are mental concepts formulated

to arrange earth features in some abstractorder

(B) Regions could either be finite or infinite/boundless three-dimensional extendingmuch beyond the limits of terrestrialsphere

(C) The regional concept is a device tocomprehend likenesses and differenceson the earth surface

(D) A region has some kind of internalhomogeneity which distinguishes it fromthe neighbouring areas

38. Which one of the following objectives ofRegional Planning is most important ?(A) Cultivating habitability and community

building(B) Conservation of forests(C) Rationalisation of population distribution(D) Perfect regional mobility system

39. Regionalism is the expression of—(A) Ignorance of other regions(B) Parochialism(C) Sectionalism(D) Local individuality, local loyalties and

cultural traits

40. Which one of the following sequences of thesteel-plants from East to West is correct inIndia ?(A) Jamshedpur, Rourkela, Durgapur, Bhilai(B) Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur, Jamshedpur(C) Durgapur, Jamshedpur, Rourkela, Bhilai(D) Durgapur, Rourkela, Bhilai, Jamshedpur

41. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given ahead—List-I (Cities and Towns)(a) Madurai-Rameswaram(b) Varanasi-Kanyakumari

UGC-NET Geography-II (J-13) | 7

(c) Delhi-Kolkata(d) New Delhi-AmritsarList-II (NH Roads)1. NH-1 2. NH-23. NH-7 4. NH-49Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 2 3 1(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 1 2 3 4

42. Which one of the following States recordedthe lowest population density in India at 2011Census ?(A) Sikkim(B) Arunachal Pradesh(C) Nagaland(D) Mizoram

43. The ‘Vale of Kashmir’ lies between—(A) Pir Panjal and Karakoram range(B) Pir Panjal and Zaskar range(C) Zaskar and Ladakh range(D) Shiwalik and Ladakh range

44. Which one of the following migration typescontributes most to population movement inIndia ?

(A) Rural to Rural (B) Urban to Rural

(C) Rural to Urban (D) Urban to Urban

45. Which of the following tribes is known astrue ‘jungle nomads’ ?

(A) Pygmies (B) Semang

(C) Masai (D) Kirghiz

46. The oldest religion of the Middle East is—

(A) Islam (B) Judaism

(C) Christianity (D) Zoroastrianism

47. Which one of the following methods is bestsuited to show the distribution of populationwith rural component and urban centre ofverying sizes in a region ?

(A) Uniform dot method

(B) Multiple dot method

(C) Uniform dot and circle method

(D) Dot and sphere method

48. Match the following satellites with theiraltitudes and select the correct answer—

List-I List-II[Satellites] [Altitudes (km)]

(a) Land Sat V 1. 832(b) IRS 2. 705(c) SPOT 3. 904(d) IKONOS 4. 681Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 4 1 3(B) 4 1 2 3(C) 4 2 3 1(D) 2 3 1 4

49. Nearest Neighbour analysis was evolved by—(A) Henry and Raize(B) Clark and Evans(C) Zipf(D) Carl Pearson

50. Spatial resolution of LISS IV Sensor is—(A) 5·8 m (B) 2·0 m(C) 23·5 m (D) 10·0 m

Answers with Hints1. (D) Horn, a German term is used for

Pyramidal Peak a erosional feature formed byGlacier, while all the three are depositionalfeatures.

2. (D) Gunz are of the earliest of the Pleistocenceglacials in Central Europe, Distinguished asthe earliest phase of glacio-fluvial outwash tothe North of Alps by A. Penck and E.Bruckner in 1909. It proceed to Mindel whichis older the Riss and Wurm.

3. (B) Kober in his Geosynclinal Orogen theorytermed the Geosyncline as ‘Orogen’ and therigid land masses surrounding the Geosynclineas ‘Kratogen’

4. (A) 5. (C) 6. (C)7. (C) It is due to wind that surface ocean

current gets its energy from the wind.8. (A) Spring tide is a tide with a range

considerable increased from that of the meantidal level (low tides are lower and high tidesare higher. It occurs twice each month at thetime of new moon-(conjunction) and the fullmoon (opposition).


9. (C) 10. (C)11. (C) It is the layer of O3 in the stratosphere that

filters out ultra-violet rays of the sunlight.12. (A) In an anticyclonic area in Northern

Hemisphere, the winds are clockwise.13. (A) The warm front represents a marked

thermal gradient in the atmosphere.14. (D) Conduction is a process in which heat is

transferred directly through matter from apoint of high temperature to a point of lowtemperature by molecular impact.

15. (B) Thornthwaite’s method of worldclassification in climatic regions was based onP.E. (Potential Evapotranspiration and T.E.(Thermal efficiency).

16. (D) Hipparchus invented a instrument calledastrolabe for measurement of latitude at seaby observing the angle of polar star notHecataeus.

17. (A) The issue of General Geography VsRegional geography was most probably raisedby Bernhard Varen known as Varenius in17th Century, this period is known asclassical period of Modern Geographicalthought. Varenius recognised the two maindivision geography General or Universal andSpecial or particular.

18. (B) Carl Ritter, the Contemporaries ofAlexander Von Humboldt was a scholar ofdiversified interest. He was a dedicated fieldworker and believed in empirical research. Hewas a teleologist and had a strong belief inGod.

19. (C) Ellsworth Huntington, a pupil of Daviswas an environmental determinist who triedto explain the styles of life of human groupsand nations in the light of Weather andClimatic Conditions.

20. (B) The term areal differentiation was coinedand used by Hartshorne in his classic workthe ‘Nature of Geography’ the areal differen-tiation is also known Chorology or chorro-graphy which is the study of areal differen-tiation of the earth surface.

21. (D) Correct Sequence of contribution in thedevelopment of Greek Geography is

Anaximander—(611 to 547 BC) Herodotus(485-425 BC) Eratosthenes (276-194 BC)Hipparchus (140 BC).

22. (A)

23. (B) Concentric zone theory was given by E.Burgers in 1925 not by Sinclair.

24. (A) 25. (B) 26. (C) 27. (C)

28. (A) Zonal soils are those soils whosecharacteristics are dominated by the influenceof climate and vegetation.

29. (A) D. Whittlesey in 1936 had classified theworld into agricultural regions as the bases ofagricultural conditions, their pattern andregional disparity in the form of agriculture.

30. (C) M.G. Kendall in 1940 used the rankingco-efficient method of agricultural pro-ductivity. For this he took into considerationproductivity cost of 10 crops in 48 counties.

31. (B) Gibbs-Martin Index is the index ofdiversification

32. (B) Most important blood group among theMongoloid is high ‘B’.

33. (C)34. (A) Eskimos belong to Mongoloid race, while

rest three belong to Caucasoid race.35. (A) 36. (B) 37. (B) 38. (D) 39. (D)40. (C) 41. (C) 42. (B)43. (B) Vale of Kashmir is in between Pir Panjal

Range in the south and an offshoot of ZaskarRange in the North.

44. (C)45. (D) Pygmies (Hunters), Semang (Forest

product gather), Masai (Pastoral of Tropicalgrassland), Kirghiz Nanadic life leader oftemp grassland (Khirgistan).

46. (D)47. (C) In ‘Areal or Stilgenbauer’s method the

rural population is shown by Uniform Dotand Urban population is shown by circlemethod.

48. (D)49. (B) N.N.A. (Near Ness Neighbourhood

Analysis) was developed by Clark and Evans.50. (A)

Geography(Paper–III)


June 2013Geography

(Paper-III)Note : This paper contains seventy five (75)

objective type questions of two (2) marks each.All questions are compulsory.1. Which of the following is not considered to

be characteristics feature of the youthful stageof an ideal normal cycle of erosion ?(A) Natural levees (B) Pot holes(C) Gorges (D) River capture

2. Sand dunes formed as long ridges oriented atright angles to the wind direction are called—(A) Linear dunes (B) Barchan dunes(C) Transverse dunes (D) Star dunes

3. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer from the codes given below—List-I (Scholar)(a) Harry Hass(b) Hall and Dava(c) Jeffreys(d) HuttonList-II (Theory)1. Doctrine of Uniformitarianism2. Thermal Contraction Theory3. Theory of Geosyncline4. Sea Floor Spreading TheoryCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 3 1 2 4(C) 1 3 2 4(D) 2 4 1 3

4. Who stated that the slope profiles are convex,plane or concave according to the circum-stances of the uplifting action ?(A) Davis (B) Penck(C) Johnson (D) Wood

5. Given ahead are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled as

Reason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Hawaii Island is a site ofvolcanic eruptions.Reason (R) : Convergent plate margins aresites of volcanic eruptions.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct, and (R) is

the correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) correct, but (R) is not

the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct

6. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codes givenbelow—List-I(a) Karst cycle(b) Sheet flood theory of pediment formation(c) Concept of pediplain(d) Origin of natural bridges in Karst regionsList-II1. McGee2. Cvijic3. Woodword4. Maxon and AndersonCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 3 4 2(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 3 2 1 4(D) 1 2 3 4

7. The statement ‘‘The present is the sky to thepast’’ is related to—(A) Catastrophism(B) Uniformitarianism(C) Isostasy(D) Diastrophism

UGC-NET Geography-III (J-13) | 3

8. The theory of plate tectonics does not help toexplain the origin and location of which oneof the following ?(A) Earthquakes(B) Mountains(C) Ocean currents(D) Major sea floor features

9. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The boundary between twoair masses of different density is known as afront.Reason (R) : The difference in density iscaused by differences in temperature andhumidity.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the


the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is fasle, but (R) is true(D) (A) is true, but (R) is false

10. Which of the following winds fall in the Zoneof Hadley Cell ?(A) Monsoon winds (B) Trade winds(C) Westerlies (D) Polar winds

11. Which one of the following is correct, whenthe combined effect of the pressure gradientforce and coriolis force on air currentproduces ?(A) Deflection force(B) Geostrophic force(C) Frictional force(D) Gravitational force

12. The term adiabatic change of temperaturestands for—(A) Fall of temperature after precipitation(B) Heating and cooling of an ascending or

descending air through compression ofexpansion

(C) Heating of ascending air(D) Cooling of descending air

13. What are the effects of the low level tempera-ture inversion occurring in cool nights overthe urban areas ?

(1) Entrapment of pollutants causing heavilysmog.

(2) Pleasant weather conditions.(3) Unusually unstable air.(4) Unusually stable air.Select your answer using the codes givenbelow—Codes :(A) (1) and (3) (B) (2) and (3)(C) (1) and (4) (D) (2) and (4)

14. The ‘Ice Crystal Theory’ related to precipi-tation was propounded by—(A) Boven (B) Muir(C) Peterson (D) Bergeron

15. Which one of the following parts of the Indiancoast is a compound coast showing evidenceof both submergence and emergence ?(A) Orissa (Odisha) coast(B) Malabar coast(C) Konkan coast(D) Coromandel coast

16. Darwin’s subsidence theory is related to—(A) Marine terraces (B) Coral reefs(C) Cycle of erosion (D) Tides

17. Fiord shorelines are formed due to—(A) Submergence of subaerially eroded coast(B) Submergence of glaciated coast(C) Fluvial deposition(D) Marine erosion

18. Tsunamis are produced by—(A) Tides(B) Cyclones(C) Sub-marine earthquakes(D) Shrinking of the earth’s crust

19. Which one of the following sediment depositscover the largest percentage of the oceanfloor ?(A) Terrigenous (B) Cosmogenous(C) Biogenous (D) Hydrogenous

20. The term Ecology was first used by—(A) Tinsley (B) Taylor(C) De Martonne (D) Jeans Brunhes

21. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the given codes—

4 | UGC-NET Geography-III (J-13)

List-I(a) Bhuj Earthquake(b) RIO-World Summit(c) World Environment Day(d) Sandy StormList-II1. 2002 2. 5th June3. 2012 4. 2001Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 1 2 3(B) 1 4 3 2(C) 2 1 4 3(D) 3 2 1 4

22. In which of the following years the KyotoProtocol was signed ?(A) 1987 (B) 1997(C) 1990 (D) 1985

23. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : Behavioural Geography isnow becoming much closer to a constructivistsor transactionalist epistemology, as propoun-ded by neo-Kantian philosophers and psycho-logists.Reason (R) : The Geographers like White,Kirk, Gold and Kates have made signalcontributions for behavioural movement inGeography.Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Codes :(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong(B) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is

the correct explanation of (A)(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is

not the correct explanation of (A)

24. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer from the codes given ahead—List-I (American Geographers)(a) Carl Sauer(b) H. H. Barrows(c) W. M. Davis(d) M. Jafferson

List-II (Contributions)1. Laws of primate city2. Cycle of erosion3. Geography as human ecology4. Morphology of landscape


(A) 2 3 4 1(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 3 4 1 2

25. ‘An Introduction to the Application ofGeography to History’ and ‘The GeographicalDistribution of Mankind’ are the works of—(A) Vidal de la Blache(B) Carl Ritter(C) Alfred Hettner(D) Friedrich Ratzel

26. First quarter of 20th century was to beconsidered as the golden age of Germangeography. Among the following, who werethe great leaders of this period ?(1) A. Penck(2) H. Lautensach(3) C. Ritter(4) A. Hettner

(A) (1) and (3) are correct(B) (3) and (4)) are correct(C) (1) and (4)) are correct(D) (1), (2) and (3) are correct

27. Who one of the following determined theplace of Geography in the classification ofsciences ?

(A) Beruhard Varenius

(B) Philip Cluverius

(C) Immanuel Kant

(D) Sebastian Munster

28. Which of the following statements are correctrelating to Ratzel’s concept of ‘Lebensraum’?

(1) It is the geographical area within whichliving organisms develop.

(2) It is the economic and cultural activity ofpeoples outside their enclosed settledarea.


(3) It deals with the relations between humansociety as a spatial organization and itsphysical setting.

(4) It speaks ‘geopolitik’ and studies spacefrom the view point of State.

(A) (1), (2) and (3) are correct

(B) (2) and (3) are correct

(C) (2), (3) and (4) are correct

(D) (1) and (3) are correct

29. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : Humanistic Geographyrejects positivism and quantification ingeography.Reason (R) : Humanistic Geography empha-sizes the role of the human agency and itscreativity in the construction of place, spaceand landscape.Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) true, but (R) is not the


30. Which one of the following is correctchronological sequence of Arab geographersin the development of geography ?(A) Al-Biruni, Al-Idrisi, Ibn Battuta, Ibn

Khaldun(B) Al-Idrisi, Ibn-Khaldun, Al-Masudi, Al-

Biruni

(C) Ibn-Khaldun, Al-Masudi, Al-Biruni, Al-Idrisi

(D) Al-Masudi, Ibn-Battuta, Ibn-Khaldun,Al-Biruni

31. In India which of the following criteria appliedin defining a town has varied from census tocensus in recent decades ?

(A) Density of population

(B) Total population

(C) Administrative status

(D) Working population

32. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Theory)(a) Theory of Spatial Integration(b) Theory of Innovation Diffusion(c) Dependency Theory(d) Theory of Circular and Cumulative

CausationList-II (Authors)1. G. Myrdal2. A. G. Frank3. John Friedman4. T. HagerstrandCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 2 1 3 4

(B) 1 2 4 3

(C) 3 4 2 1

(D) 4 3 1 2

33. ‘Informational city’ is a term coined by—

(A) David Harvey (B) Richard Peet

(C) Edward Soja (D) Manuel Castells

34. Which one of the following models is basedon the study of human ecology ?

(A) Hagerstrand’s Innovation DiffusionModel

(B) Weber’s Location Model

(C) Zelinsky’s Mobility Transition Model

(D) Burgess and Park’s Concentric ZoneModel

35. ‘Time-space compression’ is a spatial conceptgiven by—

(A) Dorreen Massey (B) David Harvey

(C) Daniel Bell (D) Edward Soja

36. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given ahead—

Assertion (A) : Regional disparities tend toreduce over time in a competitive free marketeconomy.

Reason (R) : The factors of production movefrom one region to another to maximize theirrate of returns.




(B) Both (A) and (R) true, but (R) is not thecorrect explanation


37. When higher income groups re-occupy andrevive older housing in attractive inner cityareas, the process is called—(A) Filtering(B) Gentrification(C) Housing re-development(D) Residential upgradation

38. Factorial ecology is a method generally usedto analyse—(A) Urban socio-spatial structures(B) Physiographic regions(C) Agro-climatic regions(D) Combination of (B) and (C)

39. To which of the following, ‘nomadism’ is theresponse of man ?(A) Large resources spread over large areas(B) Large resources localised in a small area(C) Limited resources spread over a large

area(D) Limited resources concentrated in a

small area

40. According to Von Thunen model, land rentand distance relationship of 5 crops i.e. ‘a’,‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’ and ‘e’ is shown in the diagramgiven below. Which one of the followingpairs of crops substitute crop ‘c’ ?

60

50

40

30

20

10

a

b

c

d

e

0 1 2 3 4 5 6

Distance in km

Loc

atio

nal R

ent

(A) a-d (B) d-e(C) a-b (D) b-d

41. On the basis of the given map of an area, thebest suitable place for locating a big iron andsteel plant would be the site marked as—

River C

hannel

Road

Road

CokingCoal

SoftCoal

b

c

a

d

Navig

able

river

LimestoneSea Port

Iron ore

(A) a (B) d(C) b (D) c

42. Consider the following statements and selectthe correct answer using the codes givenbelow—The ships on the North Atlantic sea route areforced to the South of the true great circleroute by—(1) Fog associated with the contact of the

cold Labrador current and the warm Gulfstream current.

(2) Icebergs brought southward by theLabrador current at certain seasons of theyear.

(3) The strong polar icy winds from theNorth.

(4) The projecting landmass of NortheasternNorth America and the presence of warmGulf stream current.

Codes :(A) (1) and (2) are correct(B) (1), (2) and (3) are correct(C) (1) and (3) are correct(D) All are correct

43. Which one is not the advantage of pipelinetransport ?


(A) Pipelines can be laid through difficultterrain as well as under water

(B) Pipelines ensure steady supply(C) Pipeline operation involves very low

consumption of energy(D) It is very easy to detect leakages and in

the event of damage, pipelines can berepaired easily and quickly

44. Industries that manufacture individualcomponents for the final assembly of productare known as—

(A) Subsidiary industries

(B) Small scale industries

(C) Ancillary industries

(D) Cottage industries

45. In the transport network shown in the figuregiven below, which one of the locations hasthe maximum accessibility ?

a

b

c

d

Transport Network(A) a (B) b

(C) c (D) d


Assertion (A) : Tribal religion, where naturalobjects are deemed as spirits and demons, isoften characterised by animinism.

Reason (R) : Simplistic beliefs and practicesoften find a close association with ecologicalniche.


correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) true, but (R) is not the


47. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : There are wide variations inevolution of languages and species in theworld.Reason (R) : Geographic isolation plays animportant role in developing several forms oflanguages and species.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



48. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : In spatio-temporal diffusionof the culture, the language plays a majorrole.Reason (R) : Geographers often use languageas an identification mark for different cultures.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



49. Given below are two statements. One labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given ahead—

Assertion (A) : Biologically human races donot exist, yet races do exist as social cons-tructs.

Reason (R) : Racial hatred and prejudices areall too common in the world today, resulting


from an irrational dislike of whatever isdifferent.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



50. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : India is a multireligious andmultiethnic society.Reason (R) : The Constitution of India offersto all citizens, individually and collectively,fundamental rights without discrimination ongrounds of religion, race, caste, sex or placeof birth.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



51. The statement that “A race is a valid biologi-cal concept ……… not a valid socio-culturalconcept” was made by—(A) A. L. Kroeber(B) J. B. Birdsell(C) Vidal de la Blache(D) A. C. Haddon

52. Geography of public finance can simply bedefined as “Who gets what, were, at whatcost ?” Name the geographer who made thisstatement—(A) R. J. Chorley (B) Richard Peet(C) Alaistar Bonnett (D) R. J. Bennett

53. International aid helps poor countries due toresource transfers from rich countries but—1. Divides world into donor and recipient

countries.2. Makes donor countries more powerful in

International trade and power relations.3. Forces recipient countries to carry out

such economic reforms that might leavepeople worse-off.

4. Compels recipient countries to buydonor nation goods.

(A) 1 and 4 are correct(B) 1, 2 and 3 are correct(C) 3 and 4 are correct(D) All are correct

54. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I(a) Long-term planning(b) Public sector planning(c) Private sector planning(d) Town planningList-II1. Indicative planning2. Spatial planning3. Imperative planning4. Perspective planningCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 4 2 1(B) 2 4 1 3(C) 2 4 3 1(D) 4 3 2 1

55. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : Regions, in fact, do changeover time; they change in response tochanging interrelationship of the spatialelements.Reason (R) : Planned intervention certainlyproves to be of rapid momentum within theframe of socio-economic activities.Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is


not the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong(D) (A) is wrong, but (R) is true

56. Which technique was adopted by B. J. L.Berry in his classic study on functionalregionalization of Indian economy ?

(A) Composite Index Method(B) Cluster Analysis


(C) Regression Analysis(D) Multiple Factor Analysis

57. Which of the following are not the majorobjectives of the Hill Area DevelopmentProgramme ?(1) Agro-forestry(2) Large scale industries(3) Eco-preservation(4) Major irrigation projects(A) (1) and (2) are correct(B) (2) and (3) are correct(C) (2) and (4) are correct(D) (3) and (4) are correct

58. Who among the following applied the growthpole concept to geographic space, wherebygrowth poles came to be known as growthcentres ?(A) Friedmann (B) Perroux(C) Frank (D) Boudeville

59. In which Five Year Plan, balanced regionaldevelopment was emphasized as one of themajor objectives of the planning exercise andwas one full chapter in the plan document ?(A) Second Plan (B) Third Plan(C) Fourth Plan (D) Fifth Plan

60. In ancient geography, the concept of regionwas first postulated by whom ?(A) Homer (B) Herodotus(C) Strabo (D) Ptolemy

61. The city region is an example of—(A) Formal region (B) Functional region(C) Compage region (D) Adhoc region

62. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : The task of preparing areasonably sound district plan has not mademuch headway in the States.Reason (R) : There is lack of effectivecoordination at the district level betweenvarious agencies involved in planningexercises.In the context of the above two statements,which one of the following is correct ?Codes :(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong(B) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct

(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) isthe correct explanation of (A)

(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) isnot the correct explanation of (A)

63. Which one of the following islands of Indiahas volcanic origin ?(A) Car-Nicobar (B) Barren(C) North-Andaman (D) Little-Nicobar

64. Which of the following hills does not join theAnaimudi knot ?(A) Elamalai hills (B) Palni hills(C) Anaimalai hills (D) Kudremukh hills

65. Among the following which one is related toBlue Revolution in India ?(A) Horticulture (B) Floriculture(C) Pisciculture (D) Sericulture

66. Which one of the following groups of ironand steel plants is located outside the ChhotaNagpur region ?(A) Bhilai, Bokaro, Rourkela(B) Jamshedpur, Bokaro, Durgapur(C) Bhilai, Salem, Bhadravati(D) Salem, Bhadravati, Jamshedpur

67. A map of R.F. 1

2‚500 is enlarged by two-and-

a-half times, what will be the scale of theenlarged map ?

(A)1

6‚250(B)

11‚000

(C)1

10‚000(D)

112‚500

68. Population density is usually shown by—(A) Isopleth method

(B) Choropleth method

(C) Chorochromatic method

(D) Decimetric method

69. What is the pattern of settlement distributionof its Rn = 2·14 ?

(A) Perfect cluster (B) Partially cluster

(C) Random (D) perfect uniform

70. Ajai ranks seventeenth in a class of thirty one.What is his rank from the last ?

(A) 13 (B) 14

(C) 15 (D) 16



Assertion (A) : Passive remote sensingsystems have their own source of energy.

Reason (R) : Active remote sensing systemsdepend on solar energy.


Codes :(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is

not the correct explanation of (A)(C) Both (A) and (R) are corect, and (R) is

the correct explanation of (A)(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong

72. The satellite image shown in televison clearlydepicts—(A) Temperature and rainfall(B) Pressure and wind(C) Clouds and snow cover(D) Humidity and fog


List-I (Satellite)(a) Landsat V (b) IRS

(c) SPOT (d) IKONOS

List-II (Altitude in km)1. 832 2. 705

3. 904 4. 681


(A) 2 4 1 3

(B) 2 3 1 4

(C) 4 2 3 1

(D) 4 1 3 2

74. Which one of the following characteristicsseparates GIS from the other systems ?(A) Map making and generalized output(B) Linking spatial and non-spatial data(C) Map designing and lay-out(D) All of the above

75. Cephalic index, which is to classify humanraces, is calculated as—

(A) Ratio between the length and breadth ofthe nose

(B) Ratio between the length of head andweight of human body

(C) Ratio between flatness and length of thehead

(D) Ratio between breadth and length of thehead

Answers with Explanations1. (A) Natural levee is an elevated bank flanking

the channel of a river and standing above thelevel of the flood plain. It is naturally formedby the river in times of flood when the overbank flow causes a decease in streamsvelocity. It is naturally formed hence is calledNatural levee. Rest the three land forms areassociated with youthful stage (Erodingcapacity) of the river.

2. (C) A asymmetrical sand dune which standsat right angle to the direction of wind blow.

3. (A) 4. (C)5. (C) Hawaii island is a site of Extinct volcano.

But convergent plate margins are the marginsof Trenches or Rift valleys rather thanValcano.

6. (B)

7. (B) The concept of uniformitarianism waspropounded by James Huttan in 1785. On thebases of this he propounded that present is thekey to past. The Geomorphic forces which areactive in present were also active in past.

8. (C) Earthquakes, Mid oceanic ridges and seafloor spreading can be studied by plate-tectonic theory, but ocean currents can not bestudied with plate tectonic.

9. (A) Front is a term introduced by Bjerknessschool in Norway (1918) to describe a slopingboundary plane or surface, separating twoairmasses that exhibits different meteros-gical properties i.e. and temperature. Densityis determined by the temperature. Highdensity low temperature low density hightemperature.

10. (B) Hadley Cell is a part of the Globalatmosphere circulation pattern based on anidea suggested in 1686 and later modified anddeveloped by G. Hadley in his explanation oftrade winds in 1735.


11. (B) Geostrophic is a term used to describe thehorizontal flow of air (wind) in its theoreticalmovement parallel to the Isobars, thuscreating a Geostrophic wind. The wind is aresultant of two opposing forces the →Pressure Gradient or pressure force in onedirection and the deflecting force → coriolisforce in the other direction.

12. (B) Adiabatic change refers to the change intemperature which occurs in a mass of Gas(air) when it is compressed (heated) andexpanded (cooled), without the aid of anyexternal source of cooling and heating. Therate at which this occars is called the lapserate.

13. (C) 14. (D)

15. (D) Beside the emergence coastal area of thecontinental sheef is submerged in the sea andthe deposition takes place. Hence a coastalplain is developed. The coromandel coast isdeveloped due to this type of submergenceand emergence.

16. (B) Darwin’s theory of subsidence is relatedwith coral reef.

17. (B) Fiord/Fyord is a long, narrow inlet of thesea bounded by steep mountain slope whichare of great height and extend to considerabledepth below the sea level. It is formed by thesubmergence of glacially overdeepened valleydue to raising level after the melting ofPleistocenoc iceage.

18. (C) 19. (A)

20. (*) The term ecology was first coined byGerman scientist Ernst Haeckel in 1866.However, the term ecosystem was coined in1935 by the British ecologist Sir ArthurGeorge Tinsley.

21. (A)

22. (B) A convection was held in Kyoto (Equador)in 1997 in which a pact was signed by thedeveloped as well as developing countries torestrict the emission of Green-house gases.

23. (D) 24. (B)

25. (B) Ritters monumental work is entitled asErdkunde in a comprehensive german wordwhich stands for science of the Earth inrelation to nature and history. History andGeography must always remain inseparable.

Through his writings, Ritter tried to provethat Earth is made for man, the body is madefor soul. So, the physical globe made formankind.

26. (C) A. Penck was a peading Germangeographer of the early part of 20th century,who formulated the concept of geomorpho-logy. While Alfred Hettner (1859–1941) wasessentially a physical and regional Geogra-pher.

27. (C) Kant was of the view that there are twodifferent ways of grouping or classifyingempirical phenomena. The phenomena maybe classified either in accordance with natureor in accordance with there position in timeand space. The former is a logical and later isa physical ore. The physical classificationgives the scientific basis for History andGeography. Geography studies phenomenawhich lie side by side in space (chronologicalscience) History and Geography both areessential sciences.

28. (C)

29. (A) Humanism in Geography developed as acriticism against positivism and quantitativerevolution in Geography. The basic object ofhumanistic against quantative revolution isthat it tools and assumptions do not adequa-tely explain human world and human issues.But the followers of humanistic view considerGeography as the study of the earth as thehome of man.’’

30. (A) The correct chronological sequence ofArab Geographer is Al-Biruni (973–1039AD), Al-Idrisi (1099–1180 AD), Ibn-Battuta(1304–1368 AD), Ibn Khaldun (1332–1406AD).

31. (D) 32. (C)

33. (D) The term informational city was coinedby Manuel Castells for Urban Reality.

34. (D) Concentric zone model also known as theBurgess Model is based on human ecology.During 1990s Robert E. Park and Ernest W.Burgess developed distinct programme ofurban research.

35. (B) It was David Harvey in 1989, who coinedthe term Time-Space compression.

36. (A) 37. (C)


38. (A) Most studies in factorial ecology usedunits on the lowest system level that study ofUrban socio-spatial structure.

39. (D) Nomadic people are wander periodicallyaccording to season, usually live in a smallband in a vicinity moving with in a defineterritory.

40. (D)41. (D) Limestone, Coking coal, Iron and Water

are needed for Iron-Steel industry. ExceptIron-ore all the three things are available atPoint ‘d’. Iron ore can be transported throughnavigable river and finished goods will beexported from part (a). Hence, ‘d’ is the bestsuited place for Iron-Steel industry.

42. (B) 43. (C) 44. (A)45. (A) ‘a’ Location has the maximum accessi-

bility in the network figure. Because in thisfigure from all the direction roads meet at ‘a’point instead of ‘b’ ‘c’ and ‘d’.

46. (A) 47. (C) 48. (C) 49. (D) 50. (B)51. (A) A. Kroeber has defined human race as a

valid biological concept. It is a group unitedby heredity, a breed or genetic strain or subspecies. It is not a valid Socio-culturalconcept.

52. (D) 53. (D)54. (*) None of the answer is correct.

The correct code is—(a) Long-term Planning(b) Public Sector Planning(c) Private Sector Planning(d) Town Planning

(4) Perspective Planning(3) Imperative Planning(1) Indicative Planning(2) Spatial Planning

55. (B)56. (D) B. J. L. Berry in his classic study of

functional regionalization of Indian economyadopted the Multiple factor analysis techni-que.

57. (C)58. (B) Growth-Pole concept in geographic space

was adopted by Perroux.

59. (A) In second five year plan, regionaldevelopment was emphasized. In third fiveyear plan the main emphasized was on self.Sustaining growth in fourth for the develop-ment of reducing fluctuations in agriculturalproduction which in fifth. The back drop ofsevere inflationary pressures, to attain Selfreliance.

60. (C) Strabo gave little attention to topographicfeatures, mountains, rivers, their courseswhile giving geographical account of regions.While Ptolemy (AD 90–168), came later.Homer was a great poet, while Herodotus wasa great historian.

61. (B) 62. (C)63. (B) Barren island in Andaman and Nicobar

island is a island of volcanic origin.64. (D) 65. (C)66. (C) Bhilai (Chhattisgarh), Salem (Tamilnadu)

and Bhadravati (Karnataka) are not thelocated steel plant at Chotanagpur Region.

67. (A)68. (B) Choropleth method is the best suitable

method for showing the population diversityof a region.

69. (D) 2·00 and above perfect uniform.

0·91 to 1·0—Randim.

0·31 to 0·60—Partially cluster

0·01 to 0·30—Perfect cluster.

70. (C)

71. (D) Passive remote system does not have theirown source of energy and absorb the incomingradiation. While in Active remote system,reflects the specific radiation towards theobject and the return absorb it but not absorbdirectly. Hence, both (A) and (R) are wrong.

72. (C) The satellite image shown in WeatherMap, depicted by Television clearly indicatesclouds and snow covers not temperature andrainfall, pressure and wind humidity and fog.

73. (B) 74. (D)

75. (D) Cephalic index

= Breadth of the head × 100

Length of the head

GeographyUGC-NET/JRF Re-Exam.

Solved Paper

September 2013Geography

(Paper-II)

Note : This paper contains fifty (50) objectivetype questions of two (2) marks each. Allquestions are compulsory.1. The premise that present-day processes have

been operating throughout geological time isthe principle of—(A) Continental drift(B) Uniformitarianism(C) Earth Systems(D) Plate Tectonics

2. The concept of Panplain is associated with—(A) W. M. Davis (B) W. Penk(C) A. Strahler (D) E. Huntington

3. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer by using the codes givenbelow—List-I List-II(a) River 1. Dolines(b) Glacier 2. Inselburg(c) Wind 3. Moraaines(d) Underground water 4. LeavesCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 1 2 4 3(C) 2 3 1 4(D) 4 1 2 3

4. Identify the order of the stream at the sectionmarked ‘X’—

(A) 2 (B) 3(C) 4 (D) 5

5. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Land form)(a) Monadnocks(b) Blind valley(c) Drumlin(d) DreikanterList-II (Agenta of Denudation)1. Wind2. Clacier3. River4. Ground Water


(A) 2 4 1 3(B) 4 1 2 3(C) 1 3 2 4(D) 3 4 2 1

6. Which of the following pairs of countriesreceive maximum insolation ?(A) Indonesia and Sri Lanka(B) Indonesia and Libya(C) Yemen and Somalia(D) Canada and Australia

7. Solid material passes directly into vapourstate by means of—

(A) Condensation (B) Sublimation

(C) Volatalization (D) Convention

8. Which of the following pairs is correctlymatched ?

1. Cwa and hot summers, dry winters.

2. Cwb and hot dry summers.

4 | UGC-NET Geography-II (S-13)

3. Csb and warm dry summers.4. Cfb and warm summersSelect the correct answer—(A) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (B) 1, 3, and 4(C) 1 and 4 (D) 1 and 2

9. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I (Local Winds)(a) Loo(b) Samum(c) Harmattan(d) BoraList-II (Countries)1. West Africa2. Former Yugoslavia3. Pakistan4. IranCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 3 4 1(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 4 1 2 3(D) 1 2 3 4

10. Radiolarian Ooze are—

(A) Terrigenous Deposits(B) Neritic Deposits(C) Pelagic Deposits(D) Littoral Deposits

11. Certain substances are classified as waterpollutants, others as air pollutants and stillothers as land pollutants. Which one of thefollowing pollutes are three parts of ourenvironment ?(A) Flouracarbons (B) Smog(C) Acid rain (D) Ozone

12. Ria is an example of—(A) Emerged upland shore(B) Submerged upland shore

(C) Neutral shore

(D) Compound shore

13. Flat-topped sub-marine mountains arecalled—

(A) Sea mounts (B) Abyssal mounts

(C) Guyots (D) Sea Volcanoes

14. Anacondas are largely found in—(A) Irrawady Basin (B) Congo Basin(C) Orinoco Basin (D) Amazon Basin

15. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Natural Vegetation)(a) Conifers(b) Evergreen(c) Xerophytes(d) DeciduousList-II (Indian States/UTs)1. Jharkhand2. Rajasthan3. Andaman and Nicobar4. Jammu and KashmirCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 4 1 2(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 2 1 3 4(D) 1 2 4 3

16. Who among the following did not support theconcept of environmental determinism ?(A) Ratzel (B) Davis(C) Huntington (D) None of these

17. Match the following and find the correctanswer from the codes given below—

List-I(a) Probabilism(b) Stop-and-go determinism(c) Systematic Geography(d) Regional Geography

List-II1. Von Humboldt

2. Carl Ritter

3. Griffith Taylor

4. O.H.K. Spate


(A) 4 3 1 2

(B) 1 2 3 4

(C) 3 2 4 1

(D) 4 3 2 1

UGC-NET Geography-II (S-13) | 5

18. Who wrote the book ‘Airs, Water andPlaces’ ?(A) Anaximander (B) Hippocrates(C) Eratosthones (D) Hecateus

19. The Humanistic Geography aims at‘Verstehn’, that is—(A) Life style of man(B) Inter personal relations of men(C) Understanding of man in his envi-

ronment(D) Objective experiences of man

20. Geographia in 17 volumes was written by—(A) Ptolemy (B) Miletus(C) Strabo (D) Ritter

21. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The newly emerged indu-strial cities in India are numerically domi-nated by both male and female adult popu-lation.Reason (R) : Human migration is age andsex selective.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct, and (R) is

correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) is


22. Which one of the following is not correctlymatched ?

(A) Exurbanisation — Commuter belt growsat the expense of core

(B) Counterurbanisation — Population lossof ring is more than the urban core

(C) Reurbanisation — Core starts regainingpopulation

(D) Exurbanisation — Labour intensive andexport oriented industrialization is thebase

23. International migration is no longer a factor inpopulation distribution mainly because—

(A) People do not wish to migrate(B) People are afraid of racial prejudices

(C) Nations have placed restrictions onmigration

(D) Employment opportunites are not bright

24. Match the following—

List-I (Name of Scholar)(a) Charles Darwin(b) Wilbur Zelinsky(c) Thomas Malthus(d) George Ravenstein

List-II (Idea/Concept)1. Migration laws2. Population and resources3. Theory of evolution4. Hypothesis of the mobilityCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 4 3 2 1

25. Who among the following used the termEcumenopolis to describe a projectedurbanised world or universal city by the endof the twenty first century ?

(A) Geddes (B) Gottmann

(C) Doxiades (D) Dickinson

26. Match the items in the List-I with that inList-II. The items in the two lists relate tosector theory proposed by Hoyt—

List-I (Sector Number)(a) 1 (b) 2

(c) 3 (d) 4

List-II (Urban Land use Patten)1. Wholesale & Light Manufacturing

2. CBD

3. Medium-class Residential

4. Low-class Residential


(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 2 3 4 1

(C) 2 1 4 3

(D) 4 3 2 1


27. What is generally not true of shiftingcultivation ?(A) Rotation of field(B) Absence of draught animals(C) More often than not the homestead are

not shifted(D) It is a great catalytic force for

community life28. Which one of the following States is the

largest producer of Tin ?(A) Rajasthan (B) Odisha(C) Jharkhand (D) Chhattisgarh

29. The classical mode of Industrial locationtheory in which least cost approach is primaryconsideration is recognised as the industriallocation theory of—(A) Weber (B) Smith(C) Isard (D) Hoover

30. Kiel Canal connects—(A) Berring Sea and the Pacific Ocean(B) Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea(C) Baltic Sea and North Sea(D) Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean

31. Special Economic Zone (SEZ) Policy of Indiawas introduced in—(A) 1999 (B) 2000(C) 2001 (D) 2002

32. In the contemporary context, which one of thefollowing countries is most significant fromgeo-strategic view point ?

(A) Maldives (B) Sri Lanka(C) Afghanistan (D) Bangladesh

33. ‘Carrot and Stick’ technique is used as aregional development policy in—

(A) Sweden

(B) Netherlands

(C) Germany

(D) Great Britain

34. The core of the Great Himalayn is made upof—

(A) Dharwar Rocks

(B) Archaean Rocks

(C) Quaternary Rocks

(D) Gondwana Rocks

35. Which one of the following rock systems isthe main sources of coal in India ?

(A) Gondawana (B) Cuddappa

(C) Vindhyan (D) Dharwar

36. Which one of the following sets ofcommodities is imported by India from SouthWest Asian Countries ?

(A) Raw Wool and Carpets

(B) Dates and Olives

(C) Precious Stones and Pearls

(D) Perfumes and Coffee

37. Which of the following States in India has thelargest number of sugar mills ?

(A) Gujarat (B) Maharashtra

(C) Bihar (D) Uttar Pradesh


List-I (Dialect) List-II (State)(a) Awadhi 1. Haryana

(b) Bundeli 2. Bihar

(c) Maithili 3. Madhya Pradesh

(d) Bagri 4. Uttar Pradesh

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 2 3 4 1

(C) 3 4 1 2

(D) 4 3 2 1

39. The concept of Lebensraum became popularin the discipline of political geography afterthe publication of—

(A) Politische geographic

(B) Geographical pivot of history

(C) Political geography : world economy,nation-state and locality

(D) Making political geography

40. Pred criticized location theory on followinggrounds—

(A) Logical inconsistency, motives andcapacity

(B) Motives and capacity

(C) Logical inconsistency and capacity

(D) Logical inconsistency and motives


41. Match the following lists—List-I(a) Cumulative Causation Model(b) Spatial Diffusion(c) Behavioural Matrix(d) Stages of Economic growthList-II1. Rostow2. Myrdal3. Hagerstrand4 PredCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 3 4 1(B) 1 2 4 3(C) 3 1 2 4(D) 4 3 2 1

42. Who coined the term Geopolitics ?(A) Kjellen (B) Haushoffer(C) Ratzel (D) Hess

43. Who among the following is credited withincorporation of concept of geographicalspace in the Growth Pole Theory ?(A) Bouldville (B) Friedmann(C) Myrdal (D) Haggerstand

44. Arrange the following maps in decreasingorder of scale—1. Atlas map2. Wall map3. Cadastral map4. Topographical map

Select the answer from code—

(A) 2, 3, 4, 1 (B) 1, 2, 3, 4

(C) 4, 3, 1, 2 (D) 3, 4, 2, 1

45. Area of a drainage basin on a map with R. F.1 : 50,000 is measured as 200 sq. cm. Whatwill be the basin area of map when it isreduced at the R. F. 1 : 100, 000 ?(A) 1000 sq. cm (B) 100 sq. cm(C) 50 sq. cm (D) 500 sq. cm

46. On a topographic map, lines that indicatewater-depth are termed as—(A) Isogonic line (B) Isobath(C) Isopachs (D) Isoneph

47. In order to identify Qutub Minar on an arialphotograph, which of the following elementsof image interpretation would be moreexpressive ?(A) Shape (B) Shadow(C) Tone (D) Texture

48. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer by using the codes the givenbelow—List-I (Standard Colour)(a) Red(b) Dark Green(c) Brown(d) YellowList-II (Landuse feature)1. Cultivated area2. Built-up land3. Forest area4. Uncultivable landCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 1 4 3(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 2 1 3 4(D) 4 1 2 3

49. Whose portrayals epitomized the relationshipof political geography to foreign policy ?(A) Isaiah Bowman (B) Friedrich Ratzel(C) Karl Haushofer (D) Adolf Hitler

50. Who for the first time emphasized theimportance of mental map of environment indecision-making process ?(A) Woolridge (B) Downs(C) Gould (D) Lynch

Answers with Explanations1. (B) The same physical processes and laws

that operate through out geologic timealthough not necessary always with the sameintensity as now is the basic concept ofmodern Geology, known as uniformi-tarianism, was profounded by ScottishGeomorphologist James Huttan in 1782.

2. (A) W. M. Davis in his cycle of erosion hassaid that during the 3rd stage of erosion APanplain (An almost flat land surface created


by the coalescence of flood plains owing tothe lateral erosion by river) is developed

3. (A)

4. (A) It is a dendritic type of drainage in whichX stands for second order stream.

5. (D)

6. (C) Yemen and Somalia (Arab and Africa)being a deserted area get more insolation(Solar heat) that the other countries eithersurrounded by sea (Indonesia + Sri Lanka)and Canada and Australia (Countries situatedaway from the equator in Northern andSouthern Hemisphere).

7. (B) Sublimation is process where by a solid isconverted into a vapour or vice-versa. Whilein condensation vapour is changed into liquid.In convection—the transference of theconstituent particles into a gas or liquid owingto difference in temp.

8. (B) 9. (B)

10. (C) Radiolarian Ooze is a type of deep SeaSiliceous — Pelagic deposits are Deep Seadeposits unaffected by land derived materialand derived mainly from the marine pelagicorganism. While Terrigenous deposits areorganic deposits that have either been formedand laid down on a land surface. Littoral andNeritic zone are in between shallow and deepwater zone.

11. (C) Acid rain a colloquial terms used todescribe precipitation in a polluted environ-ment. Where rain drops become contaminatedby either Sulphur Oxides—Caustic gases, orSulphur dioxide and Nitrozen oxide is apolluted material in all the three farms, i.e.,Land, Atmosphere, Water.

12. (B) Ria is a Submerged coastal valley orestuary resulting from a rise of Sea level.

13. (C) Guyot a flat topped variety of — Seamount occurring mainly in Pacific ocean,conical shape of Guyot is known as volcanicorigin. A Sea mount is a isolated mount anAbyssal mount is a plain mount.

14. (D) Anaconda — a semi-aquatic constructingserpent found in tropical South America costof Andes, it is also known as the great waterboa, is the largest of the snakes in the WesternHemisphere.

15. (B)

16. (D) Ratzel, Huntington and Davis all three arethe supporter of environmental determinism.

17. (D) The Concept of Neo-determinism was putforward by Griffith Taylor — He coined theterm stop and go determinism to deserve hisviews requesting the Neo-determinism. Theworld probabilism was used by O.H.K. Spate,Carl Ritter was the founder of in RegionalGeography while Von-Humboldt laid thefoundation of systematic Geography.

18. (B)19. (C) Humanism does not treat humans as

machines. It is a subjective approach whichaims at ‘Verstehn’ as to understand of man inhis environment.

20. (C) Strabo wrote as many as 43 volumesunder the title Historical memoir, more-overhe wrote 17 volumes of Geographical treatise.

21. (D) 22. (D) 23. (C) 24. (C) 25. (C)

26. (C)

27. (C) In shifting cultivation, the primitivepeople after growing crops at a place, migrateto other place which is suitable for cultivationalongwith their bag or baggages.

28. (D) As per Annual Report (2012-13) ministryof mines Govt. of India Chhattisgarh is thesole, producer of Tin in India. The stateaccounts for about 36% of tin ore.

29. (A) Weber, a German economists in 1909published his theory of Industrial Location, inwhich he emphasized Least Cost Locationapproach for raw material as well as finishedgood.

30. (C)

31. (B) SEZ policy in India was announced in2000, but Parliament passed the Bill in 2005.

32. (C) Afghanistan is a buffar State (Geo-strategic importance).

33. (D)

34. (B) Core of Great Himalayan is composed ofGranite Gneiss and Schists (Igneous Rocks).

35. (A) 98% of the coal resources of India arefound in the rocks of Gondawana period (i.e.Damodar Valley area, Godavari area,Mahanadi area and Wardha area etc.).

36. (B) India imports Dates (Arab countries) andOlive (from Mediterranean countries)

37. (D) 38. (D)


39. (A) Influenced by Darwin, a very importantconcept namely Lebensraum (living space)was coined by Ratzel in his book on PoliticalGeography. In which Ratzel equated a nationwith a living organism.

40. (A) 41. (A)

42. (A) Johan Rudolf Kjellen (1864–1922) was aSwedish Political Scientist and Politician whofirst coined the term ‘geopolitics’.

43. (A)

44. (D) Correct sequence will be Cadastral map(large scale map), Topographical maps from1/50,000 to 1/1000000—than Wall maps andin the end Atlas Map (small scale map).

45. (B)

46. (B) Isobath → Line joining the point on seabed, situated at an equal vertical distancebeneath the surface.Isoneph → A line on a map connecting placesof equal cloudness.Isogonic → Line joining points of equalmagnetic declination.Isopachs—Line joining the points of equalthickness of Geological Stratum.

47. (B) 48. (A)49. (B) Ratzel’s Philosophy of Lebensraum

‘living space’ which created the controversyof superior and interior races by claiming thatsuperior people (nations) have a right toexpand their territory (Kingdom)—lovingspace at the expense of interior nations.

50. (B)

September 2013Geography

(Paper-III)

Directions—This paper contains seventy five(75) objective type questions of two (2) markseach. All questions are compulsory.

1. The Drift Theory of Wegener was postulatedmainly to explain—(A) Ice Age(B) Ditribution of landforms(C) Major climatic changes(D) Geological similarities of coastal regions

2. Which of the following groups is produced byerosion ?(A) Drumlins, Fjords, Arete(B) Eskern, Out-wash plains, Moraines(C) Cirque, V-shaped valley, Lavees(D) Playa, Pincles, Swallow holes

3. As per the theory of platetectonics which ofthe following is a super continent ?(A) Eurasia (B) Africa(C) Antarctica (D) Australia

4. The direction of a horizontal line on aninclined rock strata is a—

(A) Dip (B) Strike

(C) Syncline (D) Anticline

5. Sunda peninsula was submerged in the PacificOcean due to—

(A) Constructive activities of the plates

(B) Destructive activities of the plates

(C) Subduction of the plates into ocean

(D) Sea floor spreading

6. Match the List–I with List–II and select thecorrect answer by using codes given below—

List–I(a) Endogenetic force

(b) Geosyncline

(c) Weathering(d) Continental DriftList–II1. Exfoliation2. Mediterranean sea3. Laurasia4. OrogenesisCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 1 2 4(B) 2 4 3 1(C) 4 2 1 3(D) 1 3 4 2

7. Match the List–I with List–II and select thecorrect answer by using codes given below—List–I(a) Palaenteological Evidence(b) Biological Evidence(c) Jig-saw-Fit Evidence(d) Land BridgesList–II1. Coast lines of S. America and Africa2. Glossopteris3. Lystrosaurs fossils4. MarsupialsCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 3 2 1 4(D) 2 1 4 3

8. The tectonic plates on which India and theadjacent portion of Asia ride are colliding at arate of—(A) 0·1–1 millimetre per year

UGC-NET Geography-III (S-13) | 11

(B) 1–10 millimetre per year(C) 0·1–1 centimetre per year(D) 1–10 centimetre per year

9. Who propounded the theory of RuralSettlement ?(A) Ritter (B) Ratzel(C) Meitzen (D) Schluter

10. Who postulated the concept of plate tectonics?(A) Le Pichon (B) W. J. Morgan(C) Harry Hen (D) Tuzo Wilson

11. The following Question consists of twostatements. One is labelled as Assertion (A)and the other labelled as (R). Examine thetwo statements carefully and select the correctanswer using the codes given—Assertion (A) : There is close relationshipbetween Volcanoes and plate margins.Reason (R) : About 80 per cent of theWorld’s Volcanoes are associated with theconvergent plate boundaries.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



12. Knick points are associated with—(A) River Rejuvenation(B) Glacial Erosion(C) Aeolian Deposits(D) Karst topography

13. When the Kaveri river as soon as it entersTamil Nadu, which waterfall does it create ?(A) Hoggenakka fall (B) Jog fall(C) Five falls (D) Paghaya Kotlam

14. Penisulas make up most of—(A) Italy and Denmark

(B) Poland and France

(C) Ireland and Great Britain

(D) Austria and the Czech Republic

15. Tornadoes are most likely to occur during—

(A) Mid-morning (B) Mid-afternoon

(C) Noon (D) Late evening

16. Which US city was struck by the hurricaneKatrina ?(A) New York (B) Houston(C) New Orleans (D) Miami (FL)

17. Considering the Assertion (A) and Reasoning(R) select the right answer from the codesgiven below—

Assertion (A) : When the Sun is overhead ona clear sky, one can see blue sky in alldirections.

Reason (R) : The longer wavelengths ofvisible light are scattered more effectivelythan short wavelength.



does not explain (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

18. Ozone hole is loacted above the—(A) Antarctica(B) Arctic Ocean(C) Equatorial zone(D) Greenland

19. A sudden, violent, gusty wind, which lasts aminute or two and then subsides, usuallyaccompanied by rain or hail, is called—

(A) Thunderstorm (B) Hoar

(C) Blizzard (D) Squall

20. Considering the Assertion (A) and Reasoning(R) select the right answer from the codesgiven below—

Assertion (A) : The thunderstorms of Bengaland the adjoining Bihar, Odisha and Assamare known as Northwesters.

Reason (R) : The squalls come predo-minantly from north-east.


explains (A)


(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false


12 | UGC-NET Geography-III (S-13)

21. The following question has two set ofstatements. One labelled as Assertion (A) andthe other labelled as Reason (R). Choose youranswer from the codes given below—Assertion (A) : The troposphere is the denselower part of he atmosphere in which all theweather phenomenon like condensation andstorms occur.Reason (R) : In troposphere the atmospherictemperature decreases with altitude.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



22. The following question consists of twostatements. One labelled as Assertion (A) andthe other labelled as (R). Examine the twostatements carefully and select the correctanswer using the codes given below—Assertion (A) : Jet streams play importantrole in intensifying weather phenomena suchas cyclones, hurricanes and typhoons.Reason (R) : There are severe storms whenjet streams interfere with surface windsystems.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



23. Which of the following oceans is spreadingdue to plate tectonic movement ?(A) Atlantic Ocean (B) Pacific Ocean(C) Indian Ocean (D) Arctic Ocean

24. Match List–I with List–II and choose thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List–I (Ocean Currents)(a) Oyasiwo (b) Peru(c) Alaska (d) KurosiwoList–II (Coasts)1. Western coast of Latin America2. Kamchatka Peninsula

3. British Columbia4. JapanCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 1 2 4(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 4 1 3 2(D) 2 1 3 4

25. A reef separated from the main land or inlandshore by a deep lagoon is known as—(A) Fringing Reef (B) Atoll Reef(C) Barrier Reef (D) Patch Reef

26. Global change in sea level is caused by—(A) Eustatic change(B) Isostatic change(C) Climatic change(D) Diastrophism

27. The following question has two sets ofstatements, one labelled as Assertion (A) andthe other labelled as (R). Choose your answerfrom the codes given below—Assertion (A) : Western coast of Europe(UK) and Labrador of (North America) are inthe same latitude but Western Coast ofEurope (UK) remains unfrozen and Labradorremains frozen for nine months.Reason (R) : Gulf stream (UK) is a warmcurrent and Labrador is a cold current.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not

the correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the


28. Which of the following is not true aboutwelfare geography ?(A) It studies the question of who gets what,

where and how(B) It is much concerned about spatial dis-

tribution of poverty, resources and civicamenities

(C) It was part of the reaction againstpositivism in geography

(D) It seeks to change the present economicand political set up


29. Who of the following can be considered as anopponent of quantitative revolution ?(A) Stamp (B) Chorley(C) Haggelt (D) Hagerstrand

30. Identify the wrong pair—(A) A. J. Herbert-

son– Major Natural Regions

(B) H. Robert Mill – Realm of Nature(C) Peter Hagget – Locational Analysis in

Human Geography(D) L. D. Stamp – Frontiers in Geogra-

phical Teaching

31. The concept of Paradigm was propoundedby—(A) Thomas Kuhn (B) E. Soja(C) P. Hall (D) Lewis Mumford

32. Match the following and answer from thecodes—List–I(a) A Hundred Years of Geography(b) Geography in the Twentieth Century(c) Man and Nature(d) Influences of geographic EnvironmentList–II1. Griffith Taylor 2. T. W. Freeman3. E. C. Semple 4. G. P. MarshCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 3 4 2 1(C) 4 2 3 1(D) 2 1 4 3

33. The concept of sustainable development restson the following principles—(A) Intergeneration transferability(B) Social justice(C) Transfrontier responsibility(D) Intergeneration transferability, social

justice, transfrontier responsibility

34. Which of the following is not a thematicmap?(A) Map showing population density(B) Map showing distribution of minerals(C) Map showing jute producing areas(D) Topographical map on 1 : 50,000

35. Which one of the following pairs is not acorrect match ?(A) Geddes – Le Play School(B) Perry – Neighbourhood units(C) Howard – Garden city(D) Le Corbusier – Satellite city

36. The plot of cities of developing countriesaccording to their size and rank on a normalgraph paper will assume one of the followingshapes.(A) Linear (B) Concave(C) Convex (D) Curvilinear

37. Settlements located at a distance from riverbanks and other water bodies are called—(A) Wet point settlements(B) Dry point settlements(C) Strong point settlements(D) Nucleated settlements

38. Match the List–I with List–II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List–I List–II(Value of ‘Rn’ (Pattern ofstatistic) Distribution)(a) 0·00 – 0·25 1. Random(b) 0·90 – 1·10 2. Highly clustered(c) 1·25 – 1·50 3. Least dispersed(d) 1·95 – 2·15 4. UniformCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 2 1 3(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 2 4 1 3

39. Which one of the following distances doesnot fit into Christaller’s scheme of k = 3hierarchy of central places ?(A) 7 (B) 11(C) 21 (D) 36

40. Match List–I with List–II and select thecorrect answer from the codes—List–I List–II(a) Ranchos 1. India(b) Favelas 2. Brazil(c) Kavettits 3. Venezuela(d) Bustee 4. Myanmar



(A) 2 3 1 4(B) 3 2 4 1(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 4 2 3 1

41. Given below are the two statements, onelabelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : In India, large cities aregrowing at a very fast rate.Reason (R) : Inspite of the emphasis on theirplanned development, the small and mediumtowns have failed to come up to expectednorms.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is



42. Given below are the two statements, onelabelled as Assertion (A) and the otherlabelled as Reason (R). Select your answerfrom the codes given below—Assertion (A) : Annul growth rate of popula-tion in developed nations is much lower thanin developing nations.Reason (R) : Economic development resultsin reduction in birth rate.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)


does not explain (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

43. Which one of the following statements is notcorrect about migration ?(A) Migration varies inversely with the

distnace between source and destination(B) The majority of migrants move in order

to improve their economic conditions(C) Governments create migration policies to

attract the talents that they lack(D) Women tend to move longer distances

than men

44. Match the List–I with List–II and select thecorrect answer using the categories below—List–I(a) Post neonatal mortality age(b) CMR age(c) Neonatal mortality age(d) IMR ageList–II1. Less than 28 days2. Less than one year3. 28 days – 364 days4. Less than five yearsCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 4 2 1(B) 4 3 1 2(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 1 2 3 4

45. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The distribution of popula-tion is highly uneven in the world.Reason (R) : The environmental conditionsfavourable for human settlement differ fromplace-to-place.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are corect and (R) is

the correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R)

does not explain (A) correctly(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

46. Which of the following sets of countries doesnot use coal as essential energy for indus-tries ?(A) Poland and Switzerland(B) Switzerland and Holland(C) Sweden and Italy(D) None of these

47. The greatest share of fisheries comes from—(A) Deep seas(B) Continental shelves(C) Deep ocean trenches(D) Fresh waters


48. Which one of the following major sea ports ofIndia does not have natural harbour ?(A) Marmagao (B) Mumbai(C) Cochin (D) Paradeep

49. Match List–I with List–II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List–I (Cities)(a) Bengaluru (b) Pithampur(c) Mangalore (d) AurangabadList–II (Industries)1. Machine tool2. Aircraft3. Locomotives and Coaches4. AutomobilesCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 4 1 3(B) 2 4 3 1(C) 4 2 3 1(D) 4 2 1 3

50. Match the List–I with List–II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List–I(a) Weber (b) Von Thunen(c) Christaffer (d) WeaverList–II1. Crop combination2. Agricultural location3. Central place theory4. Theory of Industrial locationCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 4 1 3(B) 4 2 3 1(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 2 3 4 1

51. Given below are the two statements, onelabelled as Assertion (A) and other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The pattern of consumptionof goods and services varies from one countryto another.Reason (R) : The population distributionvaries from one country to another.


explains (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are corect, but (R) does


52. According to Lynch, the elements which helpto perceive urban environment are—(A) Path and node(B) Path, node and landmark(C) Boundaries and districts(D) Path, boundaries, districts, nodes and

landmark

53. Which one of the following theories is basedon the concept of economic rent ?(A) Agricultural land use(B) Rank-size rule(C) Innovation diffusion(D) Urban land use

54. Green Revolution is a technological package,consistency of—1. High yielding vareity of seeds2. Land Reforms3. Assured Irrigation facility4. Use of chemical fertilizersCodes :(A) 1, 2 and 3 are correct(B) 2, 3 and 4 are correct(C) 1, 3 and 4 are correct(D) Only 3 is correct

55. Match List–I with List–II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—

List–I (Town) List–II (Industry)(a) Kalpakkam 1. Newsprint

(b) Jharia 2. Oil Refining

(c) Mathura 3. Coal mining

(d) Nepanagar 4. Nuclear plantCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 2 1 3(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 3 4 1 2


56. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Most transportation net-works begin as branching networks.Reason (R) : Because the first priority of thepublic or private agencies that build them isgenerally to get all points connected.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is


not the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

57. Which one of the followings is not a generalpurpose authority ?(A) A District(B) World Health Organisation (WHO)(C) A Department(D) A County

58. Match the List–I with List–II identifying therelation. Select the correct answer from thecodes given below—List–I(a) Austric Family

(b) Dravidian Family

(c) Sino-Tibetan Family

(d) Indo-Aryan FamilyList–II1. Santhal2. Bodo Prakrit3. Karukh Oraon4. BodoCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 1 3 4 2(C) 1 4 3 2(D) 1 4 2 3

59. Who defined urban geogaphy as the study ofthe city as a system within a system of cities ?

(A) H. C. Carter (B) Michael Pacione

(C) B. J. L. Berry (D) A. E. Smails

60. Given below are the two statements, onelabelled as Assertion (A), and the otherlabelled as Reason (R). Select the correctanswer from the codes given below—Assertion (A) : Regional developmentplanning solves the problem of regionaldisparities created by sectoral planning.Reason (R) : Sectoral planning concentrateson sectoral growth ignoring regional balanceand regional development planning takes careof the growth and development of thedelineated regions.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true and but (R) is

not the correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

61. Who gave the theory of Rimland, givingimportance to sea powers due to their abilityto make a rim around ‘Heartland’, in the book‘The Geography of Peace’ ?(A) Spykman (B) Truman(C) Haushoffer (D) Mahan

62. Mackinder’s ‘Pivot Area’, which he envisagedto be strategically very important, was—

(A) Arabia and its surroundings

(B) Central Africa

(C) Land between Volga in the west andeastern Siberia in the east.

(D) The central regions of ‘new world’ i.e.,America’s

63. Read both Assertion (A) and Reasonign (R)and find the correct answer from the codesgiven below—

Assertion (A) : Planning regions generalytally with administrative divisions.

Reason (R) : Plan execution is convenient inuniform administrative regions.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R)

does not explain (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct

(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect

(D) (A) is incorrect, but (R) is correct


64. Bhakra Nangal Project is a joint venture ofwhich one of the following groups of States ?(A) Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan(B) Haryana, Punjab and Uttar Pradesh(C) Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand and

Punjab(D) Punjab, Rajasthan and Uttarakhand

65. The ranges of Wester Ghats is locally calledas ‘Sahyadris’ in which of the followingState?(A) Tamil Nadu (B) Karnataka(C) Kerala (D) Maharashtra

66. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Selecte your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : One of the major sources ofirrigation in Peninsular India is TankIrrigation.Reason (R) : Most of the rivers in Peninsularregion are seasonal.


explains (A)




67. Arrange the following events playing a vitalrole in evolution of town and countryplanning in India in a sequential order of theirtaking place. Use the codes given below—

1. Appointment of Bhore Committee.

2. Enactment of Sanitation Act.

3. Establishment of Improvement Trusts inimportant towns.

4. Formation of Town and Country PlanningOganisation (TCPO).

Codes :(A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (B) 2, 3, 1, 4

(C) 3, 1, 2, 4 (D) 4, 3, 2, 1

68. Which one of the following number of millionsheets representing the world is correct ?

(A) 54 (B) 136

(C) 152 (D) 504

69. Match List–I with List-II and select thecorrect answer by using the codes givenbelow—List–I List–II(Topo map (Contour intervalscale) in feet)(a) Million 1. 50(b) One inch 2. 500(c) Quarter inch 3. 100(d) Half inch 4. 250Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 4 3 1(B) 4 1 2 3(C) 2 1 4 3(D) 1 3 4 2

70. Match List–I with List–II and select thecorrect answer by using the codes givenbelow—List–I(a) Planimeter (b) Pantograph(c) Barometer (d) ElinometerList–II1. Area measure of a map2. Elevation of land surface3. Map reducteion and enlargement4. Air pressure of a place


(A) 2 3 4 1(B) 1 4 2 3(C) 2 4 1 3(D) 1 3 4 2

71. The Air Photo Scale of a flat terrain dependsupon—

1. Height of the aircraft

2. Focal length of aerial camera

Choose the correct answer from the codesgiven below—

Codes :(A) 1 is true, but 2 is false

(B) 2 is true, but 1 is false

(C) Both 1 and 2 are true

(D) Both 1 and 2 are false


72. Consider the following statements and choosethe correct answer from the codes givenbelow—1. The contours which represent a convex

slope are close together at the foot andare comparatively farther apart at the top.

2. The closeness of contours indicate steep-ness of slope.

Codes :(A) Only 1 is correct(B) Only 2 is correct(C) Both 1 and 2 are correct(D) Neither 1 nor 2 are correct

73. Arrange the following maps in decreasingorder of scale and select the correct answerfrom the codes given below—1. Atlas map2. Cadastral map3. Topographical map4. Wall mapsCodes :(A) 2, 3, 4, 1 (B) 1, 4, 3, 2(C) 1, 2, 3, 4 (D) 4, 3, 2, 1

74. Analysis of variance (f-ratio test) can only beapplied to data measured on—(A) Interval scale (B) Ratio scale(C) Ordinal scale (D) Nominal scale

75. Consider the following statements and choosethe correct answer from the codes givenbelow—1. In a dot map, the value of the dots

generally varies.2. A dot map is usually used to show areal

distribution of a phenomena such as rain-fall, agricultural production, population,etc.

Codes :(A) Only 1 is correct(B) Only 2 is correct(C) Both 1 and 2 are correct(D) Neither 1 nor 2 are correct

Answers with Explanations1. (C) Concept of Continental Drift theory was

initiated in 1858 by A. Snider but developedand popularized by F. B. Taylor (1908) andA. Wegener (1915) which suggests that :

(i) Continents were stable climate changed(ii) Climatic was static, but Continentschanged. His emphasis was more on climaticchanges.

2. (D) Playa (a level area occupying the centreof an enclosed basin), Pincles (in limestoneregion, after Lapies in open surface, whenwater enters, small ridges pincles are formedSwallow hole (in limestone regions) areGeomorphic features associated with erosion.

3. (A)4. (B) A dip is an angle in a bedding plane

which it makes with a horizonal plane, mea-sured in a direction perpendicular to the strikeof the rock strata, while strike is a directiontaken by a horizontal line on the plane ofinclined rock strata. Anticline a arched upfold,syncline a down fold or basin shaped.

5. (C)

6. (C) Correct match is—

Endogenetic force—Orogenesis

Geosyncline—Mediterranean sea

Weathering—Exfoliation

Continental drift—Laurasia7. (C) All are related with Continental drift

theory of Wegnear.Palaenteological Evidence

—Lystrosaurs fossilsBiological Evidence—GlossopterisJig-saw-Fit Evidence—Coast lines of East S.America and Western AfricaLand Bridges—Marsupials—Both coast of(Atlantic ocean)

8. (B) 9. (C)

10. (B) It was Tuzo Wilson who first used theword Plate but the concept of Plate-tectonicswas postulated by W. J. Morgan.

11. (A) There is a close relation in volcanic aswell as Plate Margins (constructive margin),most of the volcanic are found near conser-vative Margins or destructive plate marginwhere two plates convergent infront.

12. (A) Knick point an alternative expression forrejuvenated head, refers to the break of slopein the long profile of a stream which resultsfrom a fall of base level (Rejuvenation).

13. (A) Hoggenakka fall is at river Kaveri when it(River) enters to Tamil Nadu.


14. (A) Most of the Penisulas are in Italy andDenmark (A Penisula is an area surroundedthree or more side by water and is connectedto land.

15. (B) Tornado generally occur mid afternoon.

16. (C)

17. (C) It is wrong to say that long wavelength ofvisible light is effective than the short wave-length visible light. But it is vice-versa i.e.short wavelength (Blue) of visible light ismore effective causing to look sky blueduring daylight and long wavelength are lesseffective (Red).

18. (A) Ozone hole is located at Antarctica.

19. (D) Squall → A sudden increase of windspeed for a duration of at least one minute.

20. (A) Norwester are the winds blowing whichoriginate with the collision of Loo (Hot wind)with moist air of causing squall as well asheavy rain. In Bengal they are known asNorwester.

21. (C) In atmosphere’s troposphere, the airtemperature decreases rather than atmospherictemperature.

22. (A) Jet stream is a narrow belt of high altitude(about 12,000 m) westerly wind in tropo-sphere, speed varies from 100 km to 184 kmin summer and winter. These streams arefound in sub tropics (30°–20° N) area, wheretropical cyclones originate. These are alsoassociated with Polar-front of mid latitude.

23. (A) With the evidence of Palaeomagnetismand sea floor spreading the opening andclosing of ocean basins have been proved forexample pacific ocean is narrowing becauseof American plate (Subduction) on contraryAtlantic ocean is spreading for last 200 millionyear.

24. (D)

25. (C) Barrier reef is an elongated accumulationof coral lying at low tide level parallel to thecoast but separated from it by a wide anddeep lagoon or strait.

26. (A) Eustatic change is a change in sea levelthat occurs everywhere through out theWorld, not to the movement of land (Isostaticmovement), but to the actual fall and rise ofthe ocean itself.

27. (B) 28. (D)

29. (A) L. D. stamp vehemently opposed thequantative revolution and preferred to termquantative revolution a ‘Civil War’.

30. (D) Frontiers in Geographical Teaching wasWritten by R. J. Choley and Peter Haggett,not by L. D. Stamp.

31. (A) In ordr to elucidate the process ofdevelopment of Science, Kuhn prepared amodel which he termed as the Paradigm ofScience. He defines Paradigm as universallyrecognised scientific achievements that for atime provide model problems and solution tothe community of practitioners.

32. (D)

33. (D) The concept of sustainable rests in inter-generation transferability, social justice andtransfrontier responsibility rather than (A),(B) and (C).

34. (D) A thematic map is a map designed todemonstrate particular features or conceptsand are opposed to Topographical map.

35. (D) Le Corbusier—was a Swiss born,French–trained architect and a founder ofinternational style. We also plannedChandigarh city.

36. (B) Concave means curving in or hollowedinward, as opposed to convex.

37. (B) Settlements located away from the riverbasin are known as dry point settlements.

38. (B)

39. (B) 11 is not in the Christaller’s scheme ofcentral place k = 3 hierarchy.

40. (B) 41. (B) 42. (A)

43. (D) It is incorrect to say that women tend tomore longer distance from men but it is vice-versa.

44. (C)

45. (B) It is correct that the distribution ofpopulation is uneven in the world and it isalso correct that environmental conditionsfavourable for human settlement differ fromplace to place. Because the unevendistribution of population in the world isdetermined by socio-politico factors also.


46. (C) Sweden and Italy do not use coal as apower resource in industry, because they haveplenty of water resource.

47. (B) Most of the fishing areas in the world arefound near continental shelves.

48. (D) Paradeep is not a natural harbour butCochin, Marmagao and Mumbai are naturalharbour.

49. (A) 50. (B) 51. (B) 52. (D)53. (A) Theory of agricultural land use (Concept

of economic rent) is based upon the aboveconcept.

54. (C) Green Revolution never emphasized uponland reforms but it emphasized above all i.e.1, 3 and 4 points.

55. (B) 56. (B)57. (B) WHO is not a general purpose authority.

58. (B) 59. (C) 60. (A)

61. (A) Rimland concept was given by Spykmanin 1944.

62. (C) Mackinder in his heartland concept saidLand betweeen Volga in west to easternSiberia in the east is a Pivotal point. Who rules

this area rules the world and also commandsthe world.

63. (A)

64. (A) Bhakra Nangal Project is a joint ventureof Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.

65. (D) Western Ghats in Maharashtra are locallyknown as Sahyadris.

66. (A) 67. (B)

68. (B) 136 No. is the correct which representsthe world in million sheets.

69. (C) 70. (B) 71. (C) 72. (C)

73. (A) Correct sequence of decreasing scale inmaps is as follows :Cadastral map (large scale), TopographicalMap (1/50,000 to 1/1000000 scale), Wall map(small scale) Atlas Map (very small scale).

74. (A)

75. (D) It is wrong, that value of the dot generallyvaries. But it remains constant and a Dotmethod is used to show the distribution ofPopulation or any other element. But notagricultural production or Rainfall.


(Paper-II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objec-tive type questions of two (2) marks each. Allquestions are compulsory.1. Which of the following processes is respon-

sible for weathering of rocks in the Karstregion ?(A) Scree formation (B) Carbonation(C) Oxidation (D) Hydrolysis

2. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer from the codes given—List-I (Authors)(a) Woolridge and Morgan(b) Thornbury(c) Van Ricthofen(d) SteersList-II (Books)1. Principles of Geomorphology2. Geomorphology3. Spirit and purpose of Geography4. Unstable EarthCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 1 4(C) 3 1 2 4(D) 4 2 1 3

3. Which one of these glacial features i sbelieved to have formed in the bed of a sub-glacial stream ?(A) An Esker (B) A Morraine(C) Drumlin (D) Kame

4. Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) hasdivided India into how many seismic zones ?

(A) 4 (B) 5

(C) 6 (D) 7

5. Bad-land Topography is the product of thecombined action of—(A) Wind and Glacier(B) Wind and Water(C) Water and Glacier(D) Water and Temperature

6. Increase in temperature with increase inheight is known as—(A) Lapse rate(B) Adiabatic lapse rate(C) Inversion of temperature(D) Normal rate

7. Identify the correct sequence of the givenprocesses regarding rainfall—(A) Unsaturated air, condensation, dew point,

precipitation(B) Dew point, condensation, unsaturated air,

precipitation(C) Unsaturated air, dew point, condensation,

precipitation(D) Dew point, precipitation, condensation,

unsaturated air

8. Read out the following conditions—1. Cloudy sky2. Cold dry air3. Strong winds4. Long winter nights

Which of the above conditions promote inver-sion of temperature ?(A) 1, 2 and 4 (B) 2, 3 and 4(C) 1 and 4 (D) 2 and 4

9. The climate of Southern Ganga plain in theThornthwait classification is denoted by—(A) BA’W (B) CA’W(C) AA’W (D) CW’W

4 | UGC-NET Geography-II (D-13)

10. When the wind is deflected due to the rotationof earth it is known as—(A) Planetary wind (B) Geostrophic wind(C) Accidental wind (D) Forced wind

11. Salinity in water bodies increases with—(A) increase in evaporation and decrease in

admixture of fresh water(B) decrease in evaporation and increase in

admixture of fresh water(C) decrease in evaporation and no change in

admixture of fresh water(D) increase in evaporation and increase in

admixture of fresh water

12. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : The salinity in Dead Sea isvery low.Reason (R) : Dead Sea is located in tropicaldry climatic region, where evaporation ishigh, precipitation is low and here drainage isinternal.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are right(B) Both (A) and (R) are wrong(C) (A) is wrong, but (R) is right(D) (A) is right, but (R) is wrong

13. Which one of the following primary greenhouse gases is not associated with globalwarming ?(A) Water vapour (B) Carbon dioxide(C) Methane (D) Hydrogen

14. Match List-I with the List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (National Park)(a) Eraviculam (b) Bandipur(c) Hemis (d) SironiList-II (State)

1. Karnataka 2. Kerala3. Manipur 4. Jammu & KashmirCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 1 4 3(B) 3 4 2 1(C) 1 2 4 3(D) 1 4 3 2

15. Which one of the following is a TaigaBiome ?

(A) Sub-Tropical Biome

(B) Sub-Arctic Biome

(C) Savanna Biome

(D) Sub-Sahara Biome

16. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—

List-I (Geographer)(a) Alexander Von Humboldt

(b) Ellen Churchill Semple

(c) Peter Haggett

(d) Jeans Brunhes

List-II (Country)1. France 2. U. K.

3. U. S. A. 4. Germany

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 4 2 3 1

(B) 1 2 3 4

(C) 4 3 2 1

(D) 2 3 1 4

17. Who among the following defined Geographyas Discovery of Predictive Patterns duringquantitative revolution period ?(A) Haggett (B) Harvey(C) Stewart (D) Bunge

18. In describing the patterns and processes ofspatial interaction, geographers are mostconcerned with—(A) Accessibility and Connectivity(B) Density and Dispersion(C) Diffusion and Pattern(D) Pedestrain Cities

19. Who founded the Humanistic School ofGeography ?(A) Wolpert (B) Tuan(C) Kirk (D) Harvey

20. Who amongst the following correlated colourof ocean water and its salinity ?(A) Ibn—Khaldun (B) Al—Masudi(C) Ibn—Sina (D) Al—Maqdisi

UGC-NET Geography-II (D-13) | 5

21. “All history must be treated geographicallyand all geography must be treated histori-cally.” Who wrote this ?(A) Herodotus (B) Ratzel(C) Blache (D) Davis

22. Which school of thoughts developed theScience of Astronomy ?(A) Greeks (B) Chinese(C) Roman (D) Arabs

23. Demographic transition is a framework thatexplores the historical sequence of changesin—1. Fertility2. Mortality3. Mortality and migration4. Age-structure and sex compositionCodes :(A) 1 and 4 are correct(B) 3 and 4 are correct(C) only 1 is correct(D) 1 and 2 are correct

24. Name the State which employs the highestnumber of child labour in the country ?(A) Tamil Nadu (B) Bihar(C) Andhra Pradesh (D) Jharkhand

25. India’s decadal population growth rate hasbeen continuously declining since—(A) 1971-81 (B) 1981-91(C) 1991-2001 (D) 2001-2011

26. Diego Garcia is an island in which of thefollowing oceans ?(A) Atlantic (B) Pacific(C) Indian (D) Arctic

27. Read Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and findthe correct answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Urbanization is a definingphenomenon of this century and the develop-ing countries are at the locus of this transfor-mation.Reason (R) : The urban shift has happened inthe last few decades largely due to rapid megacities growth in the developing countries.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)

explains (A)


(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

28. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer using the codes given below—List-I List-II(a) Baku 1. Diamond(b) Kuzbas Basin 2. Iron ore(c) Urals 3. Coal(d) Eastern Siberia 4. OilCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 4 3 1 2

29. Marquette range in U. S. A. is known for—(A) Uranium (B) Copper(C) Gold (D) Iron ore

30. The location of paper industries is highlyinfluenced by which one of the followingfactors ?(A) Availability and nearness of raw material(B) Nearness of market(C) Availability of capital(D) Transport connectivity

31. Which one of the following is the largestvolume of import commodities in India ?

(A) Raw materials

(B) Iron and Steel

(C) Petroleum & Lubricants

(D) Pearls and Precious stones

32. Kirkuk, one of the most important oilfields inthe world, is located in—

(A) Iran (B) Iraq

(C) Kuwait (D) Russia

33. To which racial groups the Eskimos belongto ?

(A) The Negroids

(B) The Mongoloids

(C) The Caucasoids

(D) The Australoids


34. The concept of ‘Cultural landscape’ waspromoted by—(A) Ratzel (B) Anne Buttimer(C) Carl Sauer (D) Wilbur Zelinsky

35. Which one of the following Islamic countriesis predominantly of Shia sect ?(A) Iraq (B) Iran(C) Pakistan (D) Afghanistan

36. Who, among the following, propounded theconcept of compage ?(A) Minshull (B) Blache(C) Whittlesey (D) Isard

37. Organic Theory of the State was propoundedby—(A) Mackinder (B) Ratzel(C) Haushofer (D) Isaiah Bawman

38. Quasi Federal form of Government is in—(A) U. S. A. (B) Great Britain(C) Russia (D) India

39. Which of the following was the earliestregional planning exercise in India ?(A) National Capital Region Plan(B) Dandakaranya Area Plan(C) Damodar Valley Project(D) Bhakra-Nangal Project

40. Which of the following is an incorrect pair ?(A) Utilitarian — Functional

Planning Planning(B) Comprehensive — Integrated

Planning Planning(C) Regional — Spatial

Planning Planning(D) Sectoral — Co-ordinated

Planning Planning

41. Which one of the following States has thelongest coast line ?

(A) Tamil Nadu (B) Maharashtra

(C) Gujarat (D) Kerala

42. In which of the following States of India theconcentration of laterite soils is higher ?(A) Odisha(B) Gujarat(C) Jammu & Kashmir(D) Arunachal Pradesh


Assertion (A) : Laterite soils are well devel-oped in Kerala.

Reason (R) : Kerala receives high rainfallduring monsoon season.

Codes :(A) (A) and (R) are correct and (R) explains

(A)

(B) (A) is correct, but (R) is false

(C) (A) is false, but (R) is correct

(D) (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) does notexplain (A)


Assertion (A) : Himalayan rivers are peren-nial.

Reason (R) : The region gets rainfall fromthe South West monsoon season only.

Codes :

(A) (A) and (R) are correct and (R) explains(A)

(B) (A) and (R) are correct, but (R) does notexplain (A)


(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct

45. The ‘Valley of Kashmir’ lies between whichof the following ranges ?

(A) Pir-Panjal and Karakoram range

(B) Pir-Panjal and Zaskar range

(C) Zaskar and Ladakh range

(D) Sulaiman and Kirthar range

46. Which one of the following regions has thehighest proportion of agricultural land underirrigaton ?

(A) Punjab-Haryana Plain

(B) Rajasthan-Gujarat Plain

(C) West Bengal Delta

(D) Uttar Pradesh-Bihar Plain

UGC-NET Geography-II (D-13) | 7

47. Consider the following figures X and Y—

A 2 cm

RF 1 : 2000 B C

2 cmRF 1 : 10‚00‚000

D

Fig. : X Fig. : YWhich of the following statement is correct ?(A) Fig. X is small scale and the distance

between A and B is 40 metres(B) Fig. Y is large scale and the distance

between C and D is 4 km(C) Fig. X is large scale and Fig. Y is small

scale. The distances between A and Band C and D are 40 metres and 20 kmrespectively

(D) Fig. X is large scale and Fig. Y is smallscale. The distance between A and B andC and D are equal

48. If the variability of rainfall is to be measured,which of the following techniques will beused ?(A) Mean Deviation(B) Standard Deviation(C) Coefficient of Variation(D) Interquartile Range

49. Which of the following is not a QuantitativeDistribution Map ?(A) Choroschematic Map(B) Isopleth Map(C) Dot Map(D) Choropleth Map

50. Occupational structure of population in Indiaat State level is best represented by—(A) Dot Method (B) Isopleth(C) Choropleth (D) Pie diagram

Answers with Hints1. (B) Carbonation is a process of chemical

weathering of rocks by rain water. Thuschanges any rock mineral that contain Lime,Soda, Potash or other basic oxides. It is a verysignificant process in reduction of limestoneterrain. Scree is a accumulation of fragme-nted rock waste below a cliff or a rock face.While oxidation is a process in which oxygenis dissolved in water, reacts with certain rockmineral especially Iron.

2. (C)

3. (B) Sub-glacial pertaining to the environment,beneath a glacier refers to the processes bywhich a glacier moves across its floor, formsground morraine.

4. (A)

5. (B) Bad-land Topography is a terrain difficultto traverse. It is used to describe any land-scape characterized by deep dissection, ravi-nes, gullies and sharp edged ridges whichhave been created by feurial erosion of rocksof relatively low resistance.

6. (C) Though there is a decrease in temperaturewith increasing height (Being air rarified).But under certain conditions there is increasein temp. with increasing height i.e. inversionof temp.

7. (C)

8. (D) For inversion of temperature clear skyand calm air along with cold-dry air with longwinter nights are favourable conditions.

9. (B)

10. (A) Planetary Winds are deflected due to therotation of the earth (Coriolis force). WhileGeostrophic winds are related to horizentalflow of wind, parallel to Isobar.

11. (A) Salinity means water contains dissolvedsalts. It is owing to the high evaporation, hightemperature and no or little admixture of freshwater.

12. (C) Dead Sea, at the border of Israel andJordan has 238% salinity the maximum amongthe Inland Seas.

13. (D) Hydrogen is not associated with Globalwarming. While water vapour fullfills animportant role in the Earth’s heat balancemechanism for together with Carbon di-oxidewhich form a type of Global blanket whichprevents excessive heat loss from terrestrialradiation.

14. (A)

15. (B) Taiga biome is in between Temperaturegrassland and Tundra.

16. (C)

17. (A) Haggett in his book ‘Locational analysisin Human Geog-appealed to adopt the geo-metrical tradition to explain order, locationorder and patterns in Human Geog.


18. (A) For Geographers Spatial analysis is basedon just three fundamental spatial direction—1. Direction, 2. Distance, 3. Connection(Relative Position)

19. (B) Though Kirk (1951) was the first Geogra-pher to attract a wide audience with hisadvocacy of humanistic approach. But Tuan(in 1976) was the profounder of HumanisticGeography.

20. (B) Al-Masudi gave to the Atlantic Ocean thename of Dark-Green Sea. He also opined thatsalt in the seas and oceans comes from theland.

21. (A) Herodotus the father or history was alsoone of the pioneer geographers and was astrong supporter of idea that “all history mustbe treated Geographically and all geographymust be treated historically.”

22. (D) It is believed that astronomy flourished inChaldaea, Assyri and Babylonia where theskies were mostly clear.

23. (D) Demographic transition model refers tofertility and mortality.

24. (C)25. (A) It is since 1971-81 that the growth rate is

continuously declining. It was 24·66% in(1971-81) 23·85% (1981-1991), 21·54%(1991-2001), 17·7% (2001 to 2011)

26. (C) Diego Garcia (6°34′5 and 72°24′E) is anIndian Ocean.

27. (A) In developing countries where agriculturalsector is reducing and Industrial Sector is in-creasing urbanization in a focus of thin trans-formation. Due to over crowdedness especiallyin Mega cities urban shift has taken place.

28. (A)29. (D) Marquette range, near the Lake Superior

is famous for Iron-ore.30. (A) 31. (C) 32. (B)

33. (B) Eskimos, Yakuts, Yukaghir are Mongoloidby race. They are short statured people withflat but narrow faces, small Snub noses, yellowbrown skin colour, all are the Characteristicsof Mongoloids.

34. (C) Sauer, an American Geographer stressedthat geographers should proceed generally andtrace the development of a natural landscapeinto a cultural landscape. He emphasized thecultural landscape, its creation involved (a)general geography, (b) regional geography (c)historical geography.

35. (B) 85% of Iran religious affinities includeShia, Iraq (62%) Afghanistan 17% Pakistan20%.

36. (C)

37. (B) It was Ratzel who profounded the organictheory of state. In his Political Geography hecompared the State to an organism. He saidlike some simple organism state must eithergrow or die and can never stand as a state.

38. (D) Indian Constitution is not only regardedas federal or unitary in strict sense, it is oftendefined to be a quasi-federal in nature, asIndia is a single united nation, is described as,a union of states and is constituted into aSovereign, Socialist, democratic republic.

39. (C) Damodar Valley Project in 1947 was thefirst effort of Regional planning.

40. (D) 41. (C) 42. (A) 43. (D) 44. (B)45. (B) 46. (A) 47. (C) 48. (B)49. (A) Choroschematic is a type of thematic map

in which Quantative aspect is shown. Allthree Isopleth, Dot and Choropleth are itskind, while choroschematic is a m. Hence allchoroschemetic maps are non-Quantativemaps.

50. (D) Pie diagram is best suited to show theoccupational structure of population in India.


(Paper-III)

Note—This paper contains seventy five (75)objective type questions of two (2) marks each.All questions are compulsory.1. The concept of geosynclines was given by—

(A) James Hall and Dana(B) Hang(C) Holmes(D) Steers

2. The Base Level concept was postulated by—(A) James Hutton (B) J. W. Powell(C) W. M. Davis (D) Walther Penck

3. Which of the following is formed as a resultof tectonic forces ?(A) Hanging valley (B) V-shaped valley(C) Rift valley (D) Blind valley

4. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given—List-I(a) A plain largely composed of recent

alluvium(b) a deep sea plain(c) a plain formed by wind action(d) a level surface lightly covered with thin

layer of alluviumList-II

1. Pedi plain2. Loess plain3. Flood plain4. Abyssal plainCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 3 4 2 1

5. “The present is the key to the past.” Thisstatement was made by—(A) W. M. Davis (B) James Hutton(C) Van Ritchthofen (D) A. Penck

6. Which of the following was a part ofLauratia ?(A) Anatolian Plate (B) Chinese Plate(C) Iranian Plate (D) Agean Plate

7. Match List-I with List-II and choose thecorrect answer using the given codes—List-I

(a) Normal fault (b) Reverse fault(c) Lateral fault (d) Stage faultList-II

1. Displacement of both the rock blocks inopposite directions

2. Movement of both the rock blockstowards each other

3. Displacement of rock block horizontallyalong fault plane

4. When the slopes of a series of faults arein same direction


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 3 1 2 4(D) 2 3 1 4

8. When does an escarpment appear ?(A) When a land block moves horizontally(B) When a land block moves vertically(C) When a land block moves due to water

logging(D) When a land block moves due to human

intervention

4 | UGC-NET Geography-III (D-13)

9. Identify fluvio-glacial deposits from thefollowing—(A) Outwash plain (B) Flood plain(C) Penne plain (D) Pan plain

10. Migration from developed to less developedregion is called as—(A) Emigration(B) Immigration(C) Perverse migration(D) Reverse migration

11. “Space is socially or culturally constructed” isthe view under—(A) Logical positivism(B) Behaviouralism(C) Post modernism(D) Structuralism

12. A counter clock-wise atmospheric circulationin the northern hemisphere is known as—(A) Pressure gradient (B) Cyclone(C) Anti-cyclone (D) Tornado

13. The author of the book ‘The Unstable Earth’is—(A) Paschel (B) Gilberk G. K.(C) Mallot C. A. (D) J. A. Steers

14. Which of the following earthquake waves aremost destructive ?(A) S-waves (B) P-waves(C) R-waves (D) L-waves

15. Mediterranean climate is characterized by—(A) Dry summer and Humid winter(B) Humid summer and Dry winter(C) Dry summer and Dry winter(D) Humid summer with no winter

16. Insolation reaches the earth surface in theform of—

(A) Short waves (B) Long waves

(C) Microwaves (D) Lorenz curve

17. The range of visible wave length on electro-magnetic spectrum is—

(A) 0·4 to 0·7 micrometers

(B) 0·7 to 15·0 micrometers

(C) 0·3 to 0·9 micrometres

(D) 0·3 to 15·0 micrometres

18. As per the Koppen’s scheme the Bhwh typeof climate is found in—(A) Jammu & Kashmir(B) Rajasthan(C) Gujarat(D) Odisha

19. Cold dry wind experienced particularly inwinter along the eastern coast of AtlanticOcean and in Northern Italy is called—(A) Cyclone (B) Boras(C) Tornado (D) Hurricane

20. The atmosphere gets heated by which one ofthe following ?(A) Direct rays of the sun(B) Volcanic activity(C) Burning of organic material(D) Radiation from the earth

21. A tropical cyclone was located 500 kms.South-West of Visakhapatnam. The cyclonefirst moved 250 kms in North-West directionand then suddenly changed the direction tothe North-East. Which of the following portswould raise the highest danger signal ?(A) Chennai (B) Haldia(C) Visakhapatanam (D) Tuticorin

22. Which one of the following regions does notreceive much rainfall during the South-Westmonsoon season ?(A) Tamil Nadu Coast(B) Maharashtra(C) Chota Nagpur Plateau(D) Eastern Himalayas

23. In which type of climate equiplanationprocess i.e., reduction of relief to a plain takesplace ?(A) Arid climate(B) Cold climate(C) Tropical climate(D) Temperate climate

24. Winter rainfall in North-Western part of Indiais mainly due to—(A) Western disturbance(B) North-East Monsoon(C) North-West Monsoon(D) Depression in the Bay of Bengal

UGC-NET Geography-III (D-13) | 5

25. Which one of the following phenomenashown in the sketch given below is correct ?

Alti

tude

Temperature

Choose the correct answer from the codesgiven below—Codes :(A) Normal lapse rate(B) Upper surface inversion(C) Lower surface inversion(D) Environmental lapse rate

26. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R)—Assertion (A) : The eastern coast of India isaffected by tropical cyclones more than thewestern coast.Reason (R) : Tropical cyclone originates onlyin the Bay of Bengal.

In the context of the above two statements,which one of the following is correct ?(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R)

does not explain (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)

explains (A)



27. Match List-I and List-II and select the correctanswer using the codes given—

List-I (Names of tropical cyclones)

(a) Hurricanes

(b) Typhoons

(c) Willy-Willy

(d) Taifu

List-II (Regions)

1. Australia

2. Japan

3. U. S. A.

4. China


(A) 3 4 1 2(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 2 1 3 4

28. The temperature that provides favourableecological conditions for living coral reefsis—(A) less than 10°C (B) 10°C to 15°C(C) 15°C to 20 °C (D) more than 20°C

29. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given—List-I

(a) Coral reef (b) Shoal(c) Abyssal plain (d) Continental slopeList-II

1. Organic Ocean Deposit2. Deep flat surface3. Steep descent from the shelf bed4. Detached elevation with shallow depthCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 2 3 1 4(B) 4 1 3 2(C) 3 2 4 1(D) 1 4 2 3

30. Which among the following has postulatedthe Subsidence Theory related to coral reef ?(A) Dally (B) Agassiz(C) Darwin (D) Davis

31. If a tide occurs at a place at 6 p. m. when willbe the next tide occur ?(A) 00·13 a. m. of the next day(B) 06·26 a. m. of the next day(C) 12·39 p. m. of the next day(D) 06·52 p. m. of the next day

32. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given—List-I

(a) Tide(b) Tsunami(c) Gulf stream(d) Labradone current


List-II

1. A warm comparatively fast movingocean current

2. A cold ocean current

3. The periodic rise and fall of water

4. Rise of sea water in wave form due toseismic activity

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 2 1 3 4

(B) 1 2 3 4

(C) 3 4 1 2

(D) 4 3 2 1

33. Which one of the following ecosystemservices is not a part of MillenniumEcosystem Assessment (MA) report ?

(A) Provisioning (B) Promoting

(C) Supportive (D) Regulating

34. Which one of the following places in Indiathe first bird-sanctuary was set up ?

(A) Vedanthangal (B) Kundremukha

(C) Bannarghata (D) Keoladeo


Assertion (A) : Physical factors provide onlya partial and deterministic explanation ofgeographical distribution of population.

Reason (R) : Man is by no means passive inhis choice of areas for settlement and every-where demonstrates an ability to exercisesome control over his environment.

(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) isthe correct explanation of (A)


(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is correct

36. Which one of the following indicates theprinciple of transport in Central PlaceTheory ?(A) K3 (B) K4

(C) K7 (D) K9

37. Assertion (A) : Post-industrial city is largelycharacterised by horizontal expansion.Reason (R) : Land prices are high in thecentral city.(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R)

does not explain (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false(D) (R) is correct, but (A) is false

38. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I List-II

(a) Cantonment 1. Kochi(b) Transport 2. Bangalore(c) Mining 3. Mau(d) I. T. 4. AnkleshwarCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 3 2 4(B) 3 2 4 1(C) 3 1 4 2(D) 3 1 2 4

39. Read Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and findthe correct answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Global urban population isnot uniformly distributed by location andnearly two-thirds is relatively concentratedwithin low elevation coastal areas.Reason (R) : Soil fertility in the coastal areascaused concentration of rural settlements.(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)


does not explain (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

40. Which one of the following stages ofdemographic transition model predicts “a-high birth, but a-low death rate” ?(A) First stage (B) Second stage(C) Third stage (D) Late-second stage

41. Match the following—List-I (State)

(a) Uttarakhand (b) Chhattisgarh(c) Tamil Nadu (d) Gujarat


List-II (Rate of Female Literacy (%) at2011 census)

1. 69·7 2. 70·03. 60·2 4. 73·4Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 4 3 2 1

42. Which one of the following is not anassumption or principle of the concentric zonemodel of urban land case ?

(A) Cultural and social heterogeneity of thepopulation

(B) Transport is equally easy, rapid andcheap in every direction within the city

(C) None of districts is attractive due todifferences in terrain

(D) There is a concentration of heavyindustry

43. Who, amongst the following, definedGeography as a chorological science ?

(A) Ptolemy (B) Richthofen

(C) Hettner (D) P. E. James

44. Who, amongst the following, has propoundedthe concept of Time Space Geography ?

(A) Hagerstrand (B) Haggett

(C) Johnston (D) Harvey

45. Match the following from the codes—

List-I (Major Proponent)

(a) Gibson (b) Guelke

(c) Peet (d) Wright and Kirk

List-II (Philosophy of Geography)

1. Idealism 2. Realism

3. Behaviouralism 4. Radicalism

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 1 2 4 3

(C) 2 1 4 3

(D) 2 1 3 4

46. Which one of the following ports has beendeveloped on a lagoon ?(A) Chennai (B) Mumbai(C) Kochi (D) Visakhapatnam

47. Truck farming is associated with—(A) Vegetables (B) Milk(C) Cereals (D) Poultry

48. The essential feature of shifting cultivationis—(A) Rotation of crops(B) Rotation of fields(C) Single cropping(D) Use of plenty of fertilizers

49. What is the common practice involved inshifting cultivation ?(A) Use of sophisticated machinery(B) Large scale use of fertilizers(C) Utilization of poor soils through

ploughing/fallowing(D) Maximum use of animal power

50. Under the scope of town planning in India iscovered—1. Urban renewal2. Planning of urban amenities and facilities3. Building of new towns4. Building of metropolitan citiesCodes :(A) 1 and 3 are correct(B) only 1 is correct(C) 1, 2 and 3 are correct(D) 2, 3 and 4 are correct

51. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I List-II

(a) Rivers 1. Sand stone(b) Settlements 2. Gale(c) Winds 3. Levees(d) Rocks 4. SatelliteCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 3 4 2 1(B) 4 3 1 2(C) 2 1 4 3(D) 1 2 3 4


52. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I

(a) Falkland current(b) Norwegian current(c) Florida current(d) Okholsk currentList-II

1. Warm current2. Cold current3. Atlantic Ocean4. Kamchetka PeninsulaCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 2 3 1 4(B) 1 2 4 3(C) 3 1 2 4(D) 4 3 1 2

53. Who has, amongst the following geographers,defined Geography of Public Finance ‘whogets what, where, and at what cost’ ?(A) R. J. Chorley (B) David Harvey(C) P. Claval (D) R. J. Bennett

54. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I (Natural Parks & Wild Life Sanc-tuaries)(a) Nandan kanan (b) Kaziranga(c) Bandhavgarh (d) MelghatList-II (States)1. Maharashtra 2. Madhya Pradesh3. Odisha 4. AssamCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 4 1 3 2

55. Which of the following is not a supervisedimage classification technique ?(A) Parallelopiped classifier(B) Minimum distance to mean classifier(C) Neural network analysis(D) Gaussian maximum likelihood classifier

56. A meteor is—

(A) Comet without a tail

(B) Detached piece of an asteroid

(C) Tiny star

(D) Piece of matter which has entered theearth’s atmosphere from outer space

57. Which one of the following tribes does notcorrectly matched ?

(A) Batwa and Congo Basin

(B) Ruwala and Central Iran

(C) Inuit and Canada

(D) Yuklagir and Siberia

58. Which one of the following regions witnessedthe growth of mighty civilizations of Romanand Greek ?

(A) Temperate region

(B) Savanna region

(C) Mediterranean region

(D) Tundra region

59. Which of the following is not considered ageographic pattern ?

(A) Centralized (B) Distributive

(C) Linear (D) Random

60. Machu Picchu of Inca civilization is locatedin—

(A) Argentina (B) Brazil

(C) Columbia (D) Peru

61. In 1919, Mackinder renamed his ‘Pivot Area’as ‘Heartland’ in famous book—

(A) Foreign Affairs(B) The Round World and the Winning of

the Peace(C) The Democratic Ideals and Reality(D) World War and Geography

62. The objectives behind building the plannedcity of Chandigarh were—1. To build a city of modern India’s dreams.2. To settle down refugees coming to India

after the partition.3. To develop an attractive tourist centre in

Northwestern India.4. To provide capital city to Truncated

Punjab.


Codes :(A) 2 and 4 are correct(B) 2, 3 and 4 are correct(C) 1, 2 and 4 are correct(D) only 4 is correct

63. Which of the following sentences is not acorrect one ?

(A) Utilitarian planning is a functionalplanning and it strives to achieve asupreme single specific goal

(B) Sectoral planning is a co-ordinatedplanning with planning in various sectorsin an integrated manner

(C) Comprehensive planning has also beenused with implicit connotation ofintegrated planning of all elements of asingle activity

(D) Town planning is an expression ofspatial planning of an urban system

64. Several planned cities have been developed inIndia after Independence. Which one of thefollowing is not a post-independence plannedcity ?(A) Gandhinagar (B) Chandigarh(C) Jaipur (D) Bhubaneshwar

65. Which one of the following is not a measureof Central tendency ?(A) Arithmetic mean (B) Mean deviation(C) Median (D) Mode

66. Which one of the following Indian RemoteSensing Satellites, IRS-P4 is also known as—(A) Resourcesat (B) Edusat(C) Remotesat (D) Oceansat

67. Which one of the following States hasrecorded the lowest human developmentindex ?

(A) Bihar

(B) Himachal Pradesh

(C) Punjab

(D) Haryana

68. Which one of the following group of States,which includes catchment area of Cauveryriver basin is correct ?

(A) Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Pondicherry andAndhra Pradesh

(B) Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh andPondicherry

(C) Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh,Maharashtra and Kerala

(D) Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka andPondicherry

69. Which one of the following is a centrographicmeasure ?(A) Geometric mean(B) Arithmetic mean(C) Mean centre(D) Standard deviation

70. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I

(a) Block Mountains(b) Volcanic Mountains(c) Relict Mountains(d) Fold MountainsList-II

1. Aravallies 2. Pennives3. Vindhyachal 4. Mount Popa

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 3 4 1 2

71. Which one of the following map scales is alarge scale ?

(A) 1 : 250,000 (B) 1 : 25,000

(C) 1 : 500,000 (D) 1 : 50,000

72. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R)—

Assertion (A) : The Raster format datastructure provides a greater computationalefficiency.

Reason (R) : The Raster format data issimple.







73. An original map has the RF-1/50,000 andR.F. of the new map will be 1/250,000. Whatis the correct proportion of enlargement/reduction as given below ?

(A) Reduction 1/5

(B) Enlargement (5 times)

(C) Reduction 1/10

(D) Enlargement (10 times)

74. Which one of the following values ofcorrelation coefficient (r) is not correctlymatched degree of relationship ?

(A) + 0·99 High

(B) + 0·50 Moderate

(C) – 0·01 Very low

(D) – 0·99 Nil

75. In which of the following year, IRS-1A waslaunched ?

(A) 1982 (B) 1987

(C) 1988 (D) 1990

Answers with Hints1. (A) The concept of Geosyncline was given by

Hall and Dana, but the theory of Geosynclineis due the Hang.

2. (B) The concept of Base-level of erosion wasgiven by J. W. Powell.

3. (C) Hanging valley (Glacier), V shaped valley(River erosion) Blind valley (Krast topo-graphy) and Rift velley (tectonic forces).

4. (D)

5. (B) Due to the criticism of Catastrophism, theUniformitorianism, a new chapter was addedby Scottest Geomorphologist James Huttan in1797. He said, “Present is the key to the past”.

6. (B) 7. (A)

8. (B) Escarpment used as synonym of Cuesta isa asymmetrical ridge produced by differentialerosion of gently dipping strata, in which thelong gentle slope is generally accordance withthe dip of the resistance strata, while the otherslope is shorter gentally steeper.

9. (A) Outwash plain or Sandr, Sandar is anIcelandic term, used for outwash plain isformed from glacio-fluvial material carriedout from the front of an ice-sheet by meltstream. It is an extensive accumulation ofgravel, sand and silt.

10. (C) 11. (C)

12. (B) Cyclone, a system of low atmosphericpressure in which the Barometric gradient issteep, winds circulate, blowing inward in ananticlockwise direction in N. hemisphere andin a clockwise direction in Southern hemi-sphere.

13. (D)

14. (D) Surface wave or L waves, reaching tolandsurface are most destructive than otherwaves.

15. (A) Mediterranean climate, the summers aredry (temp. 17° to 27° C) while it rains inwinter.

16. (A) The radiant energy received from the Sun,transmitted in a form analogous to short-waves (1/250 to 1/6700) m. m. in length .... iscalled solar radiation or insolation. WhileEarth Re-radiates this energy back toatmosphere is known as Long wave terrestrialradiation.

17. (A) 18. (B)

19. (B) Bora, a strong, very dry, northeasterlywind, blows in cold gust from the Balkan mtsdown to the easterm shore of Adratic sea,most commonly in winter while Hurrican(West indies and Mexico) Tornado (Mid-west of U. S. A.) Cyclone (Temperate regionas well as tropical areas.

20. (D) Atmosphere is a indirect source ofheating. It is the earth which first heated up,there after the earth longwave terrestrialradiation the atmosphere is heated up.

21. (C) It is Visakhapatanam which would raisethe highest danger signal.

22. (A) Tamilnadu Coastar Coromandal Coastdoes not receive rain in S. W. Mansoonseason, but gets rain either from retreatingmonsoon or from N. E. Mansoon. While theMaharashtra (Arabian Sea Branch),Chotanagpur Plateau or Eastern Himalaya(Bay of Bengal branch) get rain from S. W.Monsoon.


23. (B) In general all Geomorphological processeswhich reduce topography to a plain likesurface, this process of landscape levelling isunder peri-glacial climate (cold climate).

24. (A) It is due to the Western disturbance (Medi-terranean sea or Arabian Sea Cyclones) thatNorth-Western part of India receives rainfallin winter.

25. (B)

26. (C) Tropical Cyclones donot originate inArabian Sea, but they originate in Bay ofBengal as well as Mexico, China Sea etc.

27. (A)

28. (D) Coral a marine polype capable of secretingCalcium Carbonate to built an externalSkeleton flourishes in clear, warm, tropicaloceans usually in between 30° N and 30° S ofequator, but is usually found in Warm Sea(>20°C) outside these limits.

29. (D)

30. (C) Subsidence theory related to card waspropounded in 1837, but was reviewed in1842. In his theory he had a view that there isno about corals survive in narrow warm seas,but reefs formed with them may found indeep sea, where coral can not survive at anycost.

31. (B) Normally at every place ‘Tide’ occurstwice a day (24 hrs.), Because earth takes 24hrs. to complete a round at any place thus tidemay occur after 12 hrs, but in fact it is not so.every day it occurs 26 minutes late. BecauseMoon along its with revolution of earth,revolves round its own axis. Earth movesfrom W. to E. Tide centre moves from E toW. But tide centre completes its full round,but moon goes further, Tide centre takes 52minutes to came infront of moon. Hence Tideoccurs 26 minutes later. The next tide willoccur at 6·26 A. M. (Next day).

32. (C) 33. (B)

34. (A) The given bird-sanctuaries i .e theQuestion were set up in given years—

1. Vedanthangal—(Tamilandu)—1936

2. Kundremukha—(Karnataka)—1987

3. Bannarghata—(Karnataka)—1974

4. Keoladeo—(Rajasthan)—1981

35. (B)

36. (B) In Central place theory, principle ofTransport is indicated by K4 Market principleis indicated by K3, Administrative principleby K7.

37. (A) 38. (C) 39. (B)40. (B) It is in the second stage (early) high

fertility and 11 declining mortality, but in lateSecond stage slowly decline fertility andsharply decline mortality in first stage fertilityor mortality is high in third stage birth rateand death rate decline.

41. (B)42. (D) The concentric zone model of urban land

use is based on following assumptions citywith a single centre grows outward Zone I C.B. D., Zone II wholesale market, but lightmanufacturing industries Zone III low classresidence Zone IV Middle class residenceZone V High class residence, Zone VICommuter zone.

43. (C) Alfred, Hettner a pupil of Richthofen andRatzel was a physical and regionalGeographer. His book Europe was publishedin 1907. According to him Geography is achorological Silence or it is the study ofregions.

44. (A) 45. (C)46. (C) Kochi (Karela) has developed Perriyar

lagoon.47. (A) Truck farming or market of ordening is

associated with the intensive cultivation ofvegetables, Fruits or flowers for commercialpurposes. It is done nearby a big city.

48. (B)49. (C) In Shifting cultivation the forested land is

cleared and burned. On that land withoutmanuring, with poor ploughing or following,the deep rooted crops are grown. After 2 or 3years cultivation, the land is left alone andcultivators go to some other place, but do notcomeback at same field.

50. (C) 51. (A) 52. (A) 53. (D) 54. (C)55. (C) A, B and D are the techniques of

superwised image classification of datareceived through remote sensing (such as IRSsatelites).

56. (D) Meteor a body of matter travelling atgreat speed through space which becomesluminious when it enters to atmosphere atabout 150 km above the earth’s surface.


57. (B) Ruwala Badawin are found Arab, Aden,Oman etc. not in Iran.

58. (C) In Asia minor, along the coast of theMediterranean sea Roman and Greekcivilization developed.

59. (B) Centralized, linear and Random are thegeographic pattern, but distributive is not ageographic pattern.

60. (D) An Inca city 60 km North West of Cusco(Cuszo) Peru. The remains perch 2000 feet(600 meter) above the Vilcanota river on anarrow ridge between the mountain heightsMachu-Picchu (old peak) and Huayna Picchu(New peak).

61. (C) In 1904 Mackinder formulated the conceptof the geographical Pivet of history whichwas later on known as Heartland concept(theory) in his famous book “The DemocraticIdeas and Realities”.

62. (C)

63. (B) Sectoral Planning is never done anintegrated basis among various sectors.

64. (C) Jaipur is not a post independence plannedcity. While rest three are post independenceplanned Cities.

65. (B) Mean Median and Mode are the measuresof central tendency, but Mean deviation is notused as a central tendency.

66. (D) IRS-P4 is also known as Ocean Sat(launched on 26th May, 1999 from ASLV-C2).

67. (A) As per H. D. I. Report 2011 the givenstates in Question have following H. D. I.—Bihar—0·367Haryana—0·552Punjab—0·605Himanchal Pradesh—0·652

68. (D) 69. (C) 70. (D)71. (B) RF 1 : 25,000 is a large scale map while

RF 1 : 250,000, 1 : 500,000 are very smallscale map and RF 1 : 50,000 is comparativelya small scale map in comparision of RF 1 :25,000.

72. (C)73. (A) RF 1/250,000 is 5 times reduction of RF

1/50,000 (i.e. Shall be 1/5 of RF 1 : 50,000).74. (D) –0·99 will be high Negative correlation

rather than nil correlation.75. (C) IRS 1A was launched on 17th March,

1988.

Geography(Paper-II)

UGC-NET/JRF-Exam., 2014 Solved Paper

June 2014Geography

(Paper II)

Note—This paper contains Fifty (50)objective type questions of two (2) marks each.All questions are compulsory.1. The landscapes produced by a single

dominant geomorphic process are called as—(A) Simple Landscapes(B) Compound Landscapes(C) Monocyclic Landscapes(D) Multicyclic Landscapes

2. Flat topped sand ridges with long dimensionsextending parallel to the prevailing winds, butlocking the collapsing fronts are known as—(A) Whalebacks (B) Seifs(C) Barchans (D) Sand drifts

3. The river valleys whose courses are controlledby factors which are not determinable aretermed as—(A) Consequent (B) Subsequent(C) Insequent (D) Resequent


List-I (Books)(a) Principles of Geomorphology(b) The study of Landforms

(c) Unstable Earth

(d) Morphology of the Earth

List-II (Authors)1. L.C. King 2. W.D. Thornbury3. R.J. Small 4. J. A. Steers


(A) 2 3 4 1(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 3 1 4 2

5. The slope replacement model was propoundedby—(A) Wood (B) Davis(C) Penck (D) Strahler

6. Who among the following observed thatsummer haeting of Tibetan Plateau was themost important factor in the monsoonalcirculation over India ?(A) Fohn (B) Koteswaram(C) Frost (D) Halley

7. According to Koppen’s Scheme of climaticclassification ‘E’ (Polar or Mountain) typeclimatic is found in—(A) Nagaland(B) Arunachal Pradesh(C) Sikkim(D) Jammu & Kashmir

8. Which one of the following is not a factor thataffects wind ?(A) Pressure gradient(B) Friction(C) Magnetism(D) Carioles effect

9. Which one of the locations listed belowshould have highest annual temperaturerange ?

(A) Equatorial Island

(B) Tropical coast

(C) Polar ice cap

(D) Mid-latitude continental centre

10. Which term is used to describe the conversionof a solid directly to a gas, without passingthrough the liquid State ?(A) Evaporation (B) Condensation

(C) Sublimation (D) Freezing

4 | UGC-NET/JRF Geography-II (J-14)

11. The main source of carbonmonoxides, as airpollutants is—(A) Thermal decomposition of fats(B) Dye-making(C) Blast furnaces(D) Gasoline motor exhausts

12. The vertical movement of cold water fromdeeper oceanic layers to replace warmersurface is called as—(A) Turbidity (B) Emergence(C) Upwelling (D) Halocline

13. Which one of the following types of sea floorsediments includes calcareous and siliceousoozes ?(A) Fluvial (B) Terrigenous(C) Biogenous (D) Hydrogenous

14. Vast numbers of herbivorus animals andcarnivorous such as lions, Jackals and hyenasare found in—(A) Equatorial rainforest(B) Taiga(C) Campos of Brazil(D) Savannas of Africa

15. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I(a) Green Plants (b) Animal Parasites(c) Plant Parasites (d) FungiList-II1. Decomposer2. Primary consumer3. Secondary Consumer4. ProducerCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 3 2 1 4(D) 1 2 4 3

16. Nomothetic approach in Geography empha-sizes upon—(A) Inductive study(B) Law making study(C) Ideographic study(D) Empirical study

17. Which one of the following pairs does notmatch correctly ?

Author Book(A) Ibn Khaldun — Muqaddimah(B) Al-Balakhi — Kitabul Ashkal(C) Al-Masudi — Routes and Realms(D) Al-Biruni — Kitab-al-Hind

18. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Geographers)(a) F. Ratzel (b) C. Ritter(c) R. Harthorne (d) O. SchluterList-II (Concepts Developed)1. Landscape Science2. Areal differentiation3. Teleological view4. Social DarwinismCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 2 4 3 1(D) 4 1 2 3

19. Which one of the following is in correctsequence in the development of GermanGeographical thought ?

(A) Troll, Peschel, Hettner, Ratzel

(B) Peschel, Ratzel, Hettner, Troll

(C) Peschel, Troll, Hettner, Ratzel

(D) Ratzel, Peschel, Troll, Hettner

20. Who coined the term ‘Cosmography’ anddivided it into uranography and Geography ?

(A) O. Peschel (B) C. Ritter

(C) B. Vareneous (D) A. Humboldt

21. The book entitled ‘Perspective on Nature ofGeography (1959)’ was authored by—

(A) Ellen Churchill Semple

(B) Rudolf Kjellen

(C) Richard Hartshorne

(D) Isaih Bowman

22. Net population change is determined by—

(A) Mortality (B) Migration

(C) Fertility (D) Both (A) and (C)

UGC-NET/JRF Geography-II (J-14) | 5

23. Rural house is an index of the—(A) Environment(B) Racial Element(C) Fashion and Style(D) Modern Architectural Design

24. The stages of inception in the dynamics ofurban growth refers to—(A) The factor which gives rise to a city in a

particular place(B) The process through which separate

functional districts are carved out(C) The outward, often radial, movement of

activities from the centre(D) The pattern of forcing activties out of an

area

25. The Chief means of transport in Tundras is—

(A) Camel (B) Donkeys

(C) Sledge (D) Horse

26. The development of Chennai Bangalurucorridor is based on—

(A) Automobile and I.T. Industries

(B) Cotton-textile and garment industries

(C) Pharmaceutical and Chemical Industries

(D) Residential and Retail Development

27. Of late, the major focus in urban industrialdevelopment is on—

(A) Nodal Development

(B) Cluster Development

(C) Port-City Oriented Development

(D) Both (A) and (C)

28. High level managerial and executive adminis-trative position fall in the category of—

(A) Primary activities

(B) Secondary activities

(C) Tertiary activities

(D) Quarternary activities

29. Which of the following statement are correct?

1. Lignite and low grade bituminous coalwere formed during quarternary period.

2. Dolomite is used as refractory materialand flux in iron and steel industry.

3. Solar energy, wind, hydel power andbiogas are renewable resources.

Select the correct answer using codes givenbelow—Codes :(A) 1, 2 and 3 (B) 1 and 2(C) 2 and 3 (D) 1 and 3

30. What are the three bases for spatialinteraction as described in Edward Ullman’smodel ?(A) Complementarity, Transferability and

intervening opportunity(B) Complementarity, Commodity specific

relationship and surplus-deficit relation-ship

(C) Complimentarity, convenience and resi-dential neighbourhood

(D) Human behaviour, convenience andtransferability

31. Japan is one of the leading industrialcountries in the world because it has—1. Developed hydel power.2. Large deposits of metallic minerals.3. High level of technological capability.4. Insular location.Which of these statements are correct ?(A) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (B) 1, 2 and 3(C) 1 and 3 (D) 2 and 4

32. Given below are two statements one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R)—Assertion (A) : With the development ofH.Y.V. rubber trees and later syntheticrubber, the rubber of the Amazon basin hasbecome a little more than memory.Reason (R) : Resources are created anddestroyed by human culture.In the context of the above two statements,which of the following is correct ?

Codes :(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong

(B) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct

(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)explains (A)

(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong

33. Which one of the following culture realms ischaracterised by (I) heritage of ancientcivilization and traditions of classical culture


(II) rise of ancient city states; and (III)importance of agriclture and horticultureincluding viticulture ?(A) East European (B) Indian(C) Mediterranean (D) Chinese

34. The paradoxical situation of co-existence ofthe patrilineal society and the dominatingposition of women characterize—(A) Khasi Tribe (B) Bhil Tribe(C) Gond Tribe (D) Tharu Tribe

35. Geography of public policy concerned withGeographical study of—1. Creation and implementation of public

policies.2. Implementation and monitoring of public

policies.3. Creation and evaluation of public

policies.4. Evaluation of public policies.(A) 1 and 2 are correct(B) 2 and 3 are correct(C) 2 and 4 are correct(D) 1 and 3 are correct

36. Which one of the following languages belongto the Semito-Hamitic linguistic family ?(A) Gondi (B) Hebrew(C) Spanish (D) Dutch

37. The statement that “Who rules East Europe,commands the Heartland who rules theHeartland, commands the world Island…”was made by—

(A) Mackinder (B) Spykman

(C) Alfred Mahan (D) Whittlesey

38. The entire planning technique in India hadbeen based on the model prepared by—

(A) P. C. Mahalanobis

(B) Fieldman

(C) Domar

(D) V.M. Dandekar

39. Regional development is a—

(A) Single functional Approach

(B) Multi-functional Approach

(C) Place Prosperity

(D) Rationalisation of population distribution

40. According to Hufschmidt, bringout thechronological sequence in the main phases ofdevelopment of Regional planning in the last100 years of its history—I. Cultural Regionalism Orientation.II. Metropolitan Orientation.III. Naturl Resource Orientation.IV. Regional Science Orientation.Codes :(A) III, II, IV, I (B) I, III, IV, II(C) IV, I, III, II (D) III, I, IV, II

41. Who has defined that “there is only oneregion—the surface of the earth on whichmankind finds its home” ?(A) Minshull(B) Vidal de la Blasche(C) Fenneman(D) Herbertson

42. The Agricultural region is a—(A) Homogenous region(B) Functional region(C) Nodal region(D) Natural region

43. Which one of the following sequences of theHimalayan ranges from South to North iscorrect ?(A) Karakorm–Ladakh–Zaskar–Pir Panjal(B) Ladakh–Zaskar—Pir Panjal–Karakoram(C) Zaskar–Pir Panjal–Karakoram–Ladakh(D) Pir Panjal–Zaskar–Ladakh–Karakoram

44. The oldest and the richest coal field of Indiawith respect to quantity of production andquality is—(A) Bokaro (B) Jharia(C) Raniganj (D) Makum-Nazira

45. The highest and the lowest population densitydifference during 2001 and 2011 wasrecorded respectively in—(A) Haryana and Arunachal Pradesh(B) Uttar Pradesh and Tamil Nadu(C) West Bengal and Nagaland(D) Bihar and Nagaland

46. The most important source of irrigation ofGreat Indian Desert (Thar) is—(A) Canal (B) Well(C) Tube-well (D) All of these

UGC-NET/JRF Geography-II (J-14) | 7

47. The longest west flowing Peninsular riveris—

(A) Godavari (B) Krishna

(C) Narmada (D) Tapti


List-I (Spectral Bands)(a) Visible region (b) Infrared

(c) Microwave (d) Short radio waves

List-II (Wavelength)1. 102-106 micrometre

2. 1 mm–1·0 metre

3. 0·7–103 micrometre

4. 0·4–0·7 micrometre


(A) 4 2 3 1

(B) 3 4 1 2

(C) 4 3 1 2

(D) 3 4 2 1

49. Flow maps are used to show the distributionof which type of following data ?

(A) Line (B) Area

(C) Point (D) Volume

50. Cumulative frequency distribution is shownby—(A) Histogram (B) Frequency Curve

(C) Ogive (D) Pie diagram

Answers with Hints1. (C) Mono-cycle landscape is a topography

that has been created by a single-cycle oferosion, while polycylic landscape or tract ofa country is that Geomorphic features whichhave been developed under several cycles orparts cycles of erosion.

2. (B) Sief is an Arabic term adopted to describea knief-edge-ridge of sand or longitudinaldune. Its axis lies paralled with the directionof wind and may extent to many kms.

3. (A) Consequent, a stream in which thedirection of flow is controlled by or dependentupon the original slope of land.

4. (A) 5. (C)

6. (B) Koteshwaram (1958) in his article entitled“The Easterly set stream in the tropics”emphasized that Tibetean plateau situated atthe height of 5 km from M.S.L. heated withSun’s radiation and acts as a heater, by whicha clockwise air circulation develops from Eastto West at the height over peninsulor Indiaand descends Southward after cooling inSouth west direction proceeds towards NorthIndia. Due to lack of this, heavy rain occurs.

7. (D) As per Koppen’s climatic classificationJammu & Kashmir comes under ‘E’ climate,while Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh etc. in Dfcclimate.

8. (C) Magnetism is a factor that does not affectswind.

9. (D) Mid Latitude continental centre will havehighest range of temperature Equatorial beingthroughout hot troprical coast with moderateclimate and polar icecap, with throughoutsnow, donot have high range of temperature.

10. (C) Sublimation is a process where by a solidconverted into gas with no liquid stateintervening.

11. (D) The main cause of Carbon monoxide as aair pollutants is Gasoline motor-exhausts.

12. (C) Upwelling transfer of colder water fromlower layers upwards to the higher layers of awaterbody by means of a current, suchtransfers are common in the zones of diver-gence of occean currents, thereby replacingthe warmer surface layers by upwelling thecolder water from below.

13. (C) Biogenic sediment is a sediment that iscreated by living organism either animal orplant e.g. coral limstone.

14. (D) Vast number of Herbivorous animals areCarnivorous such as Lions, Jackals or Hyenasare found in Savannas of Africa.

15. (A)

16. (B) According to some scholar. Geography isan idiographic Science for others it is anomethetic Science. Which deals with generallaws. Systematic Geog. or General Geog,comes under this category. Humboldt, Sauerand their followers laid stress on systematicGeography and the formulation of generallaw.

17. (C) 18. (A)


19. (B) Correct sequence of the German Geogra-phical thought is as follows Peschel (1826-1875) Ralzel (1844-1904) Heltner (1859-1941), Troll (1899-1968).

20. (D) While dealing with the subject matter ofGeography Humboldt coined the term‘Cosmography’ and divided it into Uranog-raphy and Geography.

21. (C) Perspective on Nature of Geog. (1959)was written by Richard Hartshone.

22. (B)23. (A) Rural house is an index of environment

because material used in them is according toenvironment.

24. (A)25. (C) Sledge is a means of transport used by

Tundras People.26. (A) 27. (D)28. (D) High level managerial executive and

administrated position comes under thequarternary activities.

29. (C)30. (A) Edward Ullman’s model of Spatial

interaction is based on complementary,transferability and intervening opportunities.

31. (C) Japan is one of the leading industrialcountries due to development of Hydel poweras well as high level of technological ability.Though Japan is poor in mineral resources.

32. (B) 33. (C) 34. (D) 35. (B) 36. (B)37. (A) 38. (A)39. (B) Regional development is a multifunc-

tional approach.40. (D) 41. (A) 42. (C)43. (D) Correct sequence of Himalayan Ranges

from South to North is as follows—Pirpanjal—Zaskar—Ladakh—Karakoram.

44. (C) With respect to the quantity and qualityRaniganj is the oldest and the richest coalfield in India.

45. (D) During 2001-2011 census the highest andlowest population density difference is theBihar—1106 – 881 = 225 persons, Nagaland120–119 = 1.

46. (A) The most suited method of irrigation isGreat Indian Desert (Thar) in Canal. Thoughwells and tubewells can be used, but it is notpossible because water-level in this desertwill be at very low level.

47. (C) Narmada and Tapti are the two riverswhich flow towards the west. Narmada is1079 km long while Tapti is 724 km long.

48. (C)49. (D) Flow maps are used to show the

distribution of volume on the map.50. (C) Ogive is used to show the comulative

frequency distributer, rather than Histiongram,frequency curve and Pie-diagram.

Geography(Paper-III)

UGC-NET/JRF-Exam., 2014 Solved Paper

June 2014Geography

(Paper III)

Note : This paper contains seventy five (75)objective type questions of two (2) marks each.All questions are compulsory.

1. Lateral Planation Theory of pedimentformation was proposed by—(A) Lawson (B) Davis(C) Gilbert (D) McGee

2. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Books)(a) Geomorphology(b) Essays in Geomorphology(c) Physical Geography(d) An outline of GeomorphologyList-II (Authors)1. Wooldridge and Morgen2. Strahler3. Lobeck4. DuryCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 4 2 1(B) 1 4 2 3(C) 3 2 4 1(D) 4 3 1 2

3. Which of the following is stronglypresumptive faultline scarps ?(A) Superimposed drainage across a fault(B) Poor correlation between rock resistence

and topographic forms(C) Frequent severe earthquakes(D) Actual Fault Plane identified along a

scarp

4. Paternoster lakes are features typical of—(A) Lava Plains (B) Piedmonts(C) Deserts (D) Glacial Troughs

5. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Theories of Cavern formation)

(a) Two cycle theory(b) Water table theory(c) Static waterzone theory(d) Invasion TheoryList-II (Scholar)

1. Davis 2. Garner3. Malott 4. SwinnertonCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 4 2 3(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 2 1 4 3

6. Which one of the following processes istypical to glacial erosion ?(A) Plucking (B) Hydrolic action

(C) Deflation (D) Corrosion

7. Given below are two statements, one labelledas assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—

Assertion (A) : Deep chemical decay ofrocks is one of the outstanding features ofhumid tropical regions.

Reason (R) : Intensity of chemical weathe-ring depends to a large degree upon anabundance of water and high air temperatures.



(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is notcorrect explanation of (A)

UGC-NET/JRF Geography-III (J-14) | 3

(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (R) is true, but (A) is false

8. Crickmay, while disagreeing with Davis,supplanted peneplain with the term—(A) Pediplain (B) Panplane(C) Etch plain (D) Structural plain

9. What is the correct Sequence of the cloudtypes in a warm front away from its trailingedge ?(A) Altostratus – Nimbostratus – Cirrus–

Cirrostratus(B) Cirrostratus–Nimbostratus–Altostratus –

Cirrus(C) Cirrus – Nimbostratus – Altostratus –

Cirrostratus(D) Nimbostratus – Alto Stratus – Cir-

rostratus – cirrus

10. Westerlies are examples of—(A) Macro atmospheric motions(B) Tornados(C) Microscale atmospheric motions(D) Gusts

11. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the code givenbelow—List-I(a) Temparature falls with height(b) Reflects radio waves back to earth(c) Contain most of the ozone(d) Fall in temperature stopsList-II1. Ionosphere 2. Stratosphere3. Tropopause 4. TroposphereCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 2 1 3(B) 3 2 4 1(C) 4 1 2 3(D) 4 3 1 2

12. If the elevation of the sun declines, the albedowill—(A) Decline(B) Increase(C) Remain the same(D) No change

13. Seasonal contrast in pressure between landand sea gives rise to—(A) Monsoons(B) Westerly winds(C) Land and Sea breezes(D) Trade winds

14. V. Bjerknes Model is related with—(A) Origin of anticyclones(B) Origin of Mid Latitude Cyclones(C) Origin of Tropical Cyclones(D) Origin of monsoon

15. Which one of the following is not correct ?(A) Cold front is marked with triangular

spikes(B) Warm front is marked with Semicircles(C) A fast advancing warm front can cause

violent lifting(D) The tornados develop along squall line

16. Some heat is received by the atmosphere evenafter Sunset from—(A) Invisible Solar radiation(B) Latent heat(C) Radioactive processes(D) Terrestrial radiation

17. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The growth of grass and othervegetative cover is limited to selvasReason (R) : The separate crowns of treescoalesce and form a thick canopy above theforest floor.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is



18. ‘Montreal Protocol’ is related to—(A) Global Warming(B) Ozone Depletion(C) Air Pollution(D) Water Pollution

4 | UGC-NET/JRF Geography-III (J-14)

19. The objective of Kyoto Protocol was toreduce green house gas emission by—(A) An average of 10 per cent below 1995

level by the year 2010(B) An average of 8 per cent below 1998

level by the year 2012(C) An average of 20 per cent below 1997

level by the year 2009(D) An average of 5 per cent below 1990

level by the year 2012

20. Xerophytes can tolerate and stand against—(A) High temperature(B) Severe Cold(C) Humidity(D) The drought Conditions

21. Consider the following statements—1. Ozone is found mostly in the strato-

sphere.2. Ozone layer lies 55–75 km above the

surface of the earth.3. Ozone absorbs ultra-violet rays from the

Sun.4. Ozone layer has no significance for life

on the earth.Which of the above statements are correct ?(A) 1 and 3 (B) 2 and 4(C) 2 and 3 (D) 1 and 4

22. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Oceanic salinity is low in theequatorial region.Reason (R) : Equatorial region is char-acterized by heavy rainfall, cloudiness andhumidity.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



23. The statement—“Systematic geography mustmove into theoretical spheres and RegionalGeography into a search for generic and notunique studies” was made by—

(A) Richard Hartshorne(B) Issiah Bowman(C) William Bunge(D) Peter Haggett

24. In the development of Quantitative Revolu-tion, a new field of study called ‘SocialPhysics’ stating that “dimensions of societyare analogous to the physical dimensions andinclude numbers of people, distance andtime” was introduced by—(A) J. Q. Stewart (B) Edward Ullman(C) W. L. Garrison (D) William Warntz

25. Given below are two statements, one laballedas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R)—

Assertion (A) : The major Thrust ofQuantitative Revolution is to bring lawmaking, model building and Theorization inGeography.

Reason (R) : After the second world war,young geographers discarded the empirical,descriptive and gazetteer type of Geographyby using the mathematical language ratherthan the language of literature.


Codes :(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong

(B) (A) is wrong, but (R) is correct

(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) isthe correct explanation of (A)

(D) Both (A) and (R) are wrong


List-I(a) T. Haggerstrand

(b) William Bunge

(c) Gilbert White

(d) Walter Isard

List-II1. Theoretical Geography2. Geographic Dissemination of Innova-

tions

3. Methods of Regional Analysis

4. Human Responses to Floods



(A) 2 1 4 3(B) 2 3 4 1(C) 4 2 3 1(D) 3 4 1 2

27. Match List-I and List-II and select the correctanswer using the codes given below—

List-I(a) Otto Schluter (b) Von Richthofen

(c) Oscar Peschel (d) Friedrich RatzelList-II1. Political geography2. Das Ausland3. Major work on China4. Visible content of the landscapeCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 1 2 3(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 2 1 4 3

28. Which one of the following statements is nottrue about Humanism in Geography ?(A) Humanism does not treat humans as

machines(B) Humanistic geography gives importance

to human awareness, human con-sciousness and human creativity

(C) Humanists accept the reduction of spaceand place to geometrical concepts ofsurface.

(D) Humanism developed as criticismagainst positivism and quantitativerevolution

29. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I (Philosophical approaches)(a) Idealistic(b) Phenomenological(c) Radical(d) WelfareList-II (Advocates)1. Relph 2. Harris and Guelke3. Smith 4. Bunge


(A) 4 2 1 3(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 2 3 1 4

30. Who among the following was a strongsupporter of Ritter’s teleological ideas ?(A) Guyot (B) Peschel(C) Gerland (D) Ratzel

31. A process of population deconcentrationaway from large urban settlements to non-metropolitan areas is termed as—

(A) Urban dispersal(B) Urban sprawl(C) Counter-urbanization(D) Sub-urbanization

32. In the acceleration stage of urbanization theurban population constitutes—

(A) More than 70% of the total population ofthe state

(B) 25% to 70%

(C) 10% to 25%

(D) Less than 10%

33. The concept of primate city was advancedby—

(A) Jefferson (B) Zift

(C) Mumford (D) Sjoberg

34. Given below are two statements, one laballedas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—

Assertion (A) : Losch’s model is lessrestrictive than Christoller’s.

Reason (R) : Losch treated each function ashaving a separate range, threshold and hexag-onal hinterland.


correct explanations of (A)





35. Which of the following conditions is char-acterised by the second stage of DemographicTransition ?(A) Low birth rate, High death rate(B) High birth rate, High death rate(C) High birth rate, declining death rate(D) Low birth rate, Low death rate

36. Match following List-I and List-II and selectthe correct answer from the codes givenbelow—List-I (Books)(a) The Nature of Geography(b) The Urban Question(c) Social Justice and the City(d) Locational Analysis in Human Ge-

ographyList-II (Authors)1. D. Harvey2. P. Haggett3. R. Hartshorne4. M. CastellsCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 1 2 3(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 2 3 4 1

37. ‘Chain migration’ is based on—(A) Job opportunities(B) Kinship(C) Proximity to place of earlier Residence(D) Combination of (A) and (C)


Scholar Concept(A) E. W. Burgess – Concept of mega-

lopolis(B) W. J. Reily – Law of retail

gravitation(C) G. K. Ziff – Rank-size rule(D) Patrick Geddes – Concept of conur-

bation

39. Consider the following statements and selectthe correct answer from the given codes—1. Most of the fishing grounds occur in

areas where the continental shelf is wide.

2. Fishing activity is well developed inwarm tropical waters.

3. Mixing of warm and cold currents bringsplant nutrients for fish.

4. Inland fisheries are more significant thanother types in India.

Codes :(A) 1 and 2 are correct(B) 1 and 3 are correct(C) 2, 3 and 4 are correct(D) 1, 2 and 3 are correct

40. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R).Assertion (A) : There are regional disparitiesin the spatial organisation of economy.Reason (R) : Interactions among inherentfactors in economic activities affect thetexture of spatial organisations.In the context of the above two statements,which one of the following is correct ?Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



41. Which one of the following crop practicesrefers to crop rotation ?(A) Cultivating more than one crop in the

same field in different seasons(B) Cultivating the same crop in the same

field in different seasons(C) Cultivating many crops in the same field

in one season(D) Cultivating one crop in one season

followed by a different crop in the nextseason in the same field

42. When the raw material used in an industry isgross and ubiquitous, the location of the firmwill be—(A) Near the source of raw material(B) Anywhere between the source of raw

material market(C) Near the market(D) Near the capital city


43. In Great Britain a little pulp is produced, butpaper making is important, while in Swedenpulp manufacture is far more important thanpaper making because–

(A) Great Britain is technologically advancedas compared to Sweden.

(B) Pulp making is raw material oriented,paper making is more market oriented

(C) Sweden is a poor country

(D) Great Britain has plenty of forest re-sources for paper making


List-I (Location)

(a) Detroit (b) Yokohama

(c) Akron (d) Glasgow

List-II (Industry)

1. Iron and Steel 2. Synthetic rubber

3. Ship building 4. Automobile


(A) 2 1 3 4

(B) 4 3 2 1

(C) 3 2 1 4

(D) 1 2 3 4

45. Break-of-bulk point is a place—

(A) Where large sized and bulky goods arecrushed into

(B) Where goods are transferred from onemode of transport to another

(C) Where packaging of the bulky goods iscarried out at large scale

(D) The place meant for the transport ofbulky products

46. Consider the following road network diagramof an area :

b

c

de

a

Select the correct connectivity matrix for theabove network—

(A) a b c d e

a 0 1 2 1 1

b 1 0 1 2 2

c 1 1 0 1 1

d 0 1 0 1 1

e 1 1 0 1 1

(B) a b c d e

a 0 1 1 1 0

b 1 0 1 0 0

c 1 1 0 1 1

d 1 0 1 0 0

e 0 0 1 0 0

(C) a b c d e

a 0 1 3 2 2

b 2 3 1 3 0

c 0 1 0 1 1

d 0 0 0 1 1

e 2 3 1 0 0

(D) a b c d e

a 0 1 3 1 0

b 2 4 1 4 0

c 2 3 1 0 2

d 1 2 0 1 1

e 1 1 0 1 1

47. Which one of the following theoriesemphasizes the policy oriented concepts suchas propulsive firms, leading industries andagglomeration ?

(A) Central Place Theory

(B) Theory of Industrial location

(C) Growth pole theory

(D) Theory of spatial organization

48. The techniques usually employed for actualdelineation of functional regions are—

(A) Flow and gravitational analysis

(B) Simple correlation analysis

(C) Composite index method analysis

(D) Ranking coefficient method analysis


49. The gravity principle in identification ofnodal regions states that the interactionbetween two geographic points is directlyrelated to—

(A) Their masses

(B) Their distance

(C) Their mode of transport

(D) Their size of settlements


List-I (Regional Planners)(a) V. Nath

(b) Bhat and Rao

(c) Sen Gupta & Sdasyuk

(d) C. S. Chandrasekhara

List-II (Number of major planningregions identified for India)1. 13 2. 19

3. 11 4. 15


(A) 4 3 2 1

(B) 4 2 3 1

(C) 3 4 1 2

(D) 2 3 4 1

51. Given below are two statements; one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R).

Assertion (A) : A planning region should belarge enough to contain a range of resources,conditions and attributes so as to serve adesired degree of economic viability.

Reason (R) : Its resource position should besuch that a satisfactory level of productcombination for consumption and forexchange would be feasible.



correct explanation

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is notthe correct explanation



52. Preparation of Sub-plans on regional basiswas taken up in—(A) Fourth plan (B) Fifth plan(C) Sixth plan (D) Seventh plan

53. Who among the following presented a frame-work of economic regions of different ordersfollowing the soviet concept of economicregions and production specialisation ?(A) P. Sen Gupta(B) V. Nath(C) S. P. Chatterjee(D) Bhat and Prakasa Rao

54. Which one of the following states ex-perienced the lowest growth rate of literatesduring 2001–11 ?(A) Tamil Nadu (B) Nagaland(C) Kerala (D) Goa

55. Which one of the following places in Indiadoes not get the vertical rays of the Sun ?(A) Srinagar (J & K)(B) Mumbai(C) Chennai(D) Thiruvananthapuram

56. Which one of the following atomic powerstations is located in Tamil Nadu ?(A) Tarapur (B) Kota(C) Kalpakkam (D) Narora

57. Which one of the following matches is not-correct ?(A) Himadri – Greater Himalya(B) Shiwalik – Outer Himalaya(C) Western Ghat – Peninsular India(D) Gondwanaland – Lesser Himalaya

58. Which one of the following major seaports ofIndia does not have natural harbour ?(A) Mumbai (B) Cochin(C) Marmagao (D) Paradeep

59. The member of agro-climatic regions in Indiaas per Planning Commission is—(A) Twelve (B) Thirteen(C) Fourteen (D) Fifteen

60. About three-fourth of manganese ore reservesof India are found in—(A) Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra,

Goa


(B) Karnataka, Odisha, Madhya Pradesh,Maharastra

(C) Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Goa,Andhra Pradesh

(D) Madhya Pradesh, Maharastra, AndhraPradesh, Jharkhand

61. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Statistic)(a) Standard Distance(b) Nearest Neighbour(c) Correlation(d) Eigen ValueList-II (Analysis)1. Principal Component2. Scatter diagram3. Settlement pattern4. Centrographic measureCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 4 1 2(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 1 4 3 2(D) 2 3 4 1

62. Which of the following is a GIS operation ?(A) Image displaying(B) Contrast stretching(C) Map over laying(D) Map designing

63. Which of the following diagram is used toshow proportion of different land uses in anarea ?(A) Pie (B) Wind rose(C) Line (D) Flow-Chart

64. Mean, median and mode coincide if thedistribution of values is—

(A) Negativety skewed

(B) Normal

(C) Positivety skewed

(D) Poisson

65. The contour interval followed in SOIToposheet with 1/50,000 scale is—(A) 20 metres (B) 50 metres(C) 100 metres (D) 150 metres

66. Match List-I with List-II and select a correctanswer using the codes given below—

List-I (Instruments)(a) GPS base

(b) Pantograph

(c) Planimeter

(d) Stereoscope

List-II (Functions)1. Distance and area

2. 3-D Vision

3. Global location4. Reduction and enlargement


(A) 3 1 4 2

(B) 2 4 3 1

(C) 3 4 1 2

(D) 1 2 3 4

67. The most appropriate sampling Technique torepresent the heterogenous population of aregion is—(A) Cluster (B) Random stratified

(C) Systematic (D) Purposive

68. Which one of the following characteristicfeatures of Indian federalism does not have ageographical base ?

(A) Vast area size

(B) Physical and cultural diversities

(C) Regional inequalities in socio-economicdevelopment

(D) Division of powers and functionsbetween Union and states

69. Which of the following countries is known asa Unique assemblage of human races in theworld ?(A) Union of South Africa(B) U. S. A.

(C) Indonesia

(D) India

70. ‘Geostrategic model’, dividing the world intoten regions, was propounded by—

(A) P. J. Taylor (B) John Short

(C) John Agnew (D) Saul Cohen


71. Match items in List-I with items in List-II andselect the correct answer using the codesgiven below—List-I (Name of Administrative Unit)(a) District (b) Department(c) Country (d) KreiseList-II (Name of the Country)1. France 2. India3. Germany 4. Great BritainCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 4 2 3 1(C) 2 1 4 3(D) 3 2 1 4

72. For measuring the success of changes inelectroral boundaries, we use the conceptof—(A) Representation(B) Malapportionment(C) Legitimate participation(D) Non-legitimate participation

73. Welfare approach in geographic studiesemphasises spatial variation in—(A) Socio-Economic development(B) Public-private partnership in develop-

ment(C) Infrastructural development(D) Quality of life

74. The ‘Cultural Turn’ in geography has beenresponsible for—(A) Bringing social and cultural geography

closer to each other(B) Social geography taking over cultural

geography(C) Creating void between social and cultural

geography(D) Reducing the significance of Social

geography

75. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Industry) List-II (Location)(a) Aluminium 1. Mysore(b) Copper smelting 2. Renukoot(c) Zink smelting 3. Vishakhapatnam(d) Silk 4. Khetri


(A) 2 4 3 1(B) 1 2 4 3(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 3 2 4 1

Answers with Hints1. (C) Gilbert in 1877 in Henry Mountains of

Utah described the formation as hills ofPlanation cut across the upturned edges intilted bed.

2. (A) Correct match of the list-I and list-II is asfollows :Geomorphology → Lobeck, Essays inGeomorphology → Dury, Physical Geography→ Strahler, An outline of Geomorphology →Wooldridge and Morgen.

3. (D)4. (D) Paternoster lakes is a series of lakes in a

Glaciated valley, impounded behind moraineor ice rock basins closed at their lower and byrock bars.

5. (A) The correct sequence of Cavern formationtheory along with their scholar is as follows :Two cycle theory → Davis, Water tabletheory → Swinnerton, Static wate zone theory→ Gardner, Invasion theory → Malott.

6. (A) Plucking is a process of block removal orQuarrying carried out by glacier ice wherebythe well jointed blocks are mechanicallypulled from the rock floor, generally the downstream side of a rocky protuberance.

7. (C) Chemical weathering is the processeswhich lead to the decomposition or breakingof solid rocks by means of chemical reaction.It comprise carbonation, hydrolysis, oxidation,reduction etc. Though in this process waterplays a deceive role, but high temp. does notplay an important role.

8. (B) Crickmay in his discussion used the worldpanplane in place of peneplain.

9. (D) In warm front, the arrival of front isindicated by the formation of cirrus cloudsacross a clean sky followed in succession byCirro-stratus→alto-stratus and finally Nim-bostratus (at tail).

10. (A)


11. (C) Correct match of List-I with List-II is :Temperature falls with height→TroposphereReflects radio waves to Earth→InosphereContain most of the ozone→StratosphereFall in temperature stops→Tropopause

12. (B) Albedo means lose of energy withoutheating the earth : with the elevation of thesun decline, the albedo will increase.

13. (A) Due to seasonal constrast in presurebetween land and sea Monsoon windsoriginate.

14. (B) V. Bjerknes model is related with Polarfront theory i.e., the origin of Mid-latitudecyclons.

15. (C)16. (B) It is due to latent heat (condensation)

atmosphere heated even after Sunset.17. (D) In Selvas (Equatorial forest) in Amezan

basin, the grass and other vegetable covers arenot found, but the separate crowns of treescoalesce and form a thick canopy above theforest floor is common.

18. (B) Montreal Protocol is related to Ozonedepletion.

19. (D) The object of Kyoto Protocol was toreduce the emission of Green house gases atan average of 5% below 1990 level by year2012.

20. (D) The Xerophytes vegetation can toleratethe drought condition.

21. (A) Ozone is found mostly in stratosphere atthe height of 20 to 25 km, absorbs the Ultra-violet rays from the Sun.

22. (A) Due to heavy rainfall, cloudiness andhumidity the occanic salinity is low in theequatorial region.

23. (C) 24. (A) 25. (C) 26. (A) Correct Match of List-I and List-II is as

follows :Geographic—Dissemination of Innovations—T. HaggerstrandTheoretical Geography—William BungeHuman Responses towards the Floods—Gilbert WhiteMethods of Regional Analysis—Walter Isard

27. (B) Correct Match of List-I and List-II is asfollows :Friedrich Ratzel→Political Geography

Oscar Peschel→Das AuslandVon-Richthofen→Major work on ChinaOtto-Schluter→Visible content of Landscape

28. (C)29. (B) Correct Match of List-I Philosophical

approaches and List-II Advocates is asfollows :

Idealistic→Harris and Guelke

Phenomenological→Relph

Redical→Bunge

Welfare→Smith

30. (A) 31. (B)32. (B) 25% to 70% population accelerated in the

stage of urbanization.33. (A) Concept of primate city was advanced by

M. Jefferson.34. (A) Losch’s model was much less restrictive

than Christoller’s. Rather than bunch allfunctions into seven ‘orders’ he treated eachas having a separate range, threshold andhexagonal hinterland. Where feasible, func-tions were clustered into settlements but allcentral places with certain functions in themneed not as in Christoller’s scheme alsocontain all the functions with smaller rangesand thresholds. This produced a much widerrange of settlements in terms of size andcomplexity of business profiles : whereasChristoller’s theory produced a steppedhierarchical urban system, Losch’s wasconsistent with a more continuous distributionof urban sizes.

35. (C) In the second stage of DemographicTransition High birth rate and declining deathrate, couses rapid population growth.

36. (B) Correct Match of List-I Books and List-IIAuthors is as follows :

The Nature of Geography→R. Hartshorne

The Urban Question→M. Castells

Social Justice and the city→D. Harvey

Locational Analysis in Human Geography→P. Hagget.

37. (D)

38. (A) Concentric zone theory was profoundedby E. W. Burgess, Not the concept ofMegalopolis which was Given by GeanGaterman.


39. (C) It is not necessary that fishing groundoccurs only in the areas where the continentalshelf is wide.

40. (A) 41. (D) 42. (B)43. (B) Great Britain has the advantage of trade

for paper with other countries, which Swedendoes not have.

44. (B)45. (B) Break of Bulk point means where goods

are transferred from one mode of transport toanother mode.

46. (B) 47. (C) 48. (D) 49. (B)50. (A) V. Nath gave 15 main and 48 sub-regions

based at the homogeneity in physical factors,and agricultural land use and cropping pattern.● L. S. Bhatt and V.L.S. Prakasa Rao propo-

sed a regional framework for resourcedevelopment and gave 11 major regions.

● P. Sengupta and Sdasyuk gave 3 macroregions and 19 sub-regions based onpopulation resources.

● C. S. Chandrashekhara gave 13 macro and35 meso planning regions based on criteriaof physical economic and ecologicalfactors to demarcate the macro planningregions.

51. (A) 52. (B) 53. (A)54. (C) Following is the growth of Literacy rate

in the states in between 2001–11 :

States 2001 2011 Growth

Kerala 94·2 96·1 1·9

Tamil Nadu 82·4 86·8 4·4

Goa 88·4 92·6 4·2

Nagaland 71·2 82·8 11·6

55. (A) Sun rays never fall vertically away from

2312° N. Lat. to 23

12° S. Lat. Sri Nagar is

situated away from 2312° N, hence the SUN

rays will never fall vertically at this place.56. (C)57. (D) Gondwanaland is related to Pengea while

lesser Himalaya is related to Miocene period(Tertiary period).

58. (D) Paradeep (Odisha) is not a naturalharbour, while other threes are naturalharbours.

59. (D)

60. (B) Karnataka (22%), Odisha (45%), MadhyaPradesh (13%) and Maharashtra (8%)contributes 3/4th of manganese ore reservesin India.

61. (D) 62. (C) 63. (A) 64. (B) 65. (A)66. (C) 67. (B) 68. (D)69. (D) In India Drawadian Mangol, Aryan,

Negreto and Caucasoid races are found.70. (D) Today geographers now view the world

in terms of spatial patterns that are notcontainable within national boundaries. Theysee the world as an interdependent system andthe nation-state as part of a world that isshared area. Saul Cohen wrote Geography andPolitics in a World Divided. Cohen divides theworld into two geostrategic regions viz., tradedependent maritime regions and EurasianContinental Realm, which is interior indirection along with 10 geopolitical regions.

71. (C) The correct match of the administrativeunits and country is as follows :District—IndiaDepartment—FranceCountry—Great BritainKreise—Germany

72. (B) Malapportionment occurs “when geogra-phical units have shares of legislative seatsthat are not equal to their share of population.Malapportionment as a formal and oftendeliberate pathology of electoral system” indemocratic regions.

73. (D)

74. (A) ‘Cultural Turn’ in Geography is respon-sible to forming social and cultural Geographytogether.

75. (A) Correct match of Industries and theirlocation is as follows :

Aluminium—Renukoot

Copper smelting—Khetri

Zink smelting—Vishakhapatnam

Silk—Mysore


UGC-NET/JRF Exam.(December 2014)

Solved Paper


(Paper–II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objectivetype questions of two (2) marks each. Allquestions are compulsory.61. The term ‘active layer’ is associated with—

(A) Fluvial deposition(B) Periglacial processes(C) Plate tectonic(D) Processess of soil formation

62. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Concept theory)(a) Base, level(b) Parallel retreat(c) Cycle of erosion(d) Stream competency and capacityList-II (Put forwarded by)1. G. K. Gilbert2. W. Penck3. J. W. Powell4. W. M. DavisCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 2 4 1(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 3 2 1 4(D) 2 4 1 3

63. Hydration process belongs to—(A) Physical and Biological processes(B) Physical and Chemical processes(C) Biological and Chemical process(D) Chemical processes

64. The basaltic ocean crust has an averagedensity of—(A) 2·65 g/cm3 (B) 2·75 g/cm3

(C) 2·90 g/cm3 (D) 3·0 g/cm3

65. What is the major wind related phenomenonresponsible for summer drought in Medite-rranean type of region ?(A) Shifting of trade winds polewards in

summers(B) Shifting of trade winds equatorwards in

summers(C) Blowing of Westerlies from the conti-

nents in summers(D) Blowing South-Westerly

66. Which one of the following is not a factor toaffect the atmospheric pressure ?(A) Altitude(B) Presence of water vapour(C) Temperature(D) Rainfall

67. Find out the correct sequence of planetarywinds found from equator to pole—(A) Westerlies, Trade, Polar wind(B) Trade, Westerlies, Polar wind(C) Trade, Polar wind, Westerlies(D) Polar wind, Westerlies, Trade

68. The rain-fed and rain-shadow areas are thecharacteristics of the—(A) Cyclonic ranifall(B) Convectional rainfall(C) Orographic rainfall(D) Thermal rainfall

69. In the List-I given the names of local windand List-II given the names of the area. Matchcorrectly List-I and List-II. Select the correctanswer from the codes given below—List-I (Local Wind) List-II (Area)(a) Loo 1. The Rockies(b) Khamsin 2. The Alps(c) Chinoock 3. Rajasthan Desert(d) Fohn 4. Egypt

4 | Geography-II (U.G.C.) D-14


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 2 4 3 1(D) 4 3 2 1

10. Find combination of two given areas whererainfall is characterised by Tropical monsoonrain—I. The SahyadriII. The Ganga DeltaIII. Kashmir ValleyIV. Ladakh Region(A) I and III (B) II and IV(C) I and II (D) III and IV

11. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Deforestation result in theincrease of concentration of carbon dioxide inthe atmosphere.Reason (R) : Forests utilise carbon dioxideduring the process of photosynthesis formanufacturing of food.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the




List-I List-II(a) Gour 1. Lithosphere

(b) Graben 2. Littoral zone

(c) Gabro 3. Aeolian area

(d) Groin 4. Orogenic belt


(A) 3 4 1 2(B) 3 4 2 1(C) 2 4 3 1(D) 3 2 1 4

13. The ‘wave-cut platform’ is found in—(A) California coast (B) Hokkaido coast(C) Madagascar coast (D) Malabar coast

14. The average depth of ‘equatorial-counter’current is—(A) 50 m (B) 100 m(C) 150 m (D) 200 m

15. The Gulf Stream and the Kuroshio Currentmove forcefully northward as a result of—(A) Western intensification(B) Eastern intensification(C) Northern intensification(D) Southern intensification

16. ‘The Principles of Human Geography’ wasauthored by—(A) E. Huntington (B) H. H. Borrow(C) F. Ratzel (D) E. C. Semple

17. The term ‘Cosmography’ was coined by—(A) Mackinder Halford J.(B) Humbolt(C) Kant Emmanuel(D) Ptolemy


List-I(a) Unity in Diversity(b) Social Determinism(c) Terrestrial Whole(d) InteractionList-II1. Vidal-de-la Blache 2. Jean Brunhes

3. Carl Ritter 4. Frieduch Ratzel


(A) 3 2 4 1

(B) 4 2 1 3

(C) 3 4 1 2

(D) 2 1 4 3

19. The concept of ‘Spread’ and ‘Backwash’effects was introduced by—(A) A. O. Hirschman (B) Gunnar Myrdal(C) Gunder Frank (D) Sameer Amin

Geography-II (U.G.C.) D-14 | 5

20. The philosophical view advocating that manis responsible for making his own nature isknown as—(A) Positivism (B) Functionalism(C) Existentialism (D) Pragmatism

21. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codes givenbelow—List-I (Authors) List-II (Settlements)(a) Chirstaller 1. Market Centres(b) Galphin 2. Industrial Nodes(c) Losch 3. Central Places(d) Weber 4. Rurban CentresCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 4 1 2(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 1 2 3 4(D) 2 1 4 3

22. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codes givenbelow—List-I (State)(a) Arunachal Pradesh(b) Jammu & Kashmir(c) West Bengal(d) KeralaList-II (Tribes)1. Adiyam Kammar, Kondkappu2. Asur, Birhor, Lepcha, Korwa3. Dafla, Khampti, Singpho4. Garra, GaddiCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 1 2(B) 4 1 3 2(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 3 2 4 1

23. Which State in India has recorded the lowestgrowth rate during 2001–11 Census ?(A) Kerala (B) West Bengal(C) Rajasthan (D) Bihar

24. Read Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and findthe correct answer from the codes givenbelow—

Assertion (A) : The very high populationdensity of more than 400 persons/km2 extendsfrom upper Indus-Satlaj-Ganga BrahmaputraValley and Delta.Reason (R) : This phenomena is attributed torich alluvial soils, flat land, rice and wheatcultivation, irrigation facilities and favourableclimatic conditions.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



25. The decadal growth of population (1991–2001) according to the 2001 Census is—(A) 23·86% (B) 21·34%(C) 24·66% (D) 24·80%

26. Among the following natural resources whichresource is providing more livelihood to thepeople ?(A) Water (B) Land(C) Forest (D) Mineral

27. Which one of the following factors is morecrucial for agricultural development ?(A) Tractors (B) Fertilizers(C) Irrigation (D) Gentle slope


Assertion (A) : China has the very fastgrowing economy of the world.

Reason (R) : China has rich mineral resourcesand huge diversified labour force.Codes :(A) (A) is true, but (R) is false(B) (A) is false, but (R) is true(C) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is not

correct explanation(D) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is

correct explanation29. What is the ideal minimum temperature for

growth of sugarcane ?(A) 10°C (B) 15°C(C) 20°C (D) 25°C


30. Who developed the technique to measure theagricultural efficiency ?

(A) S. S. Bhatia (B) R. L. Singh

(C) S. M. Rafiullah (D) L. D. Stamp


Assertion (A) : Panchayati Raj Act empo-wered local bodies participation in planningprocess.

Reason (R) : Panchayati Raj institutions arehaving three tier systems in planning andexecuting development projects within theirjurisdiction.

Codes :(A) (A) is true, but (R) is false(B) (A) is false, but (R) is true(C) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is

correct explanation of (A)(D) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not


32. Who Popounded the Heartland Theory usedin political geography ?(A) Alfred Mackinder(B) O. H. K. Spate(C) Arthur Geddes(D) J. A. Steers

33. What do you mean by ‘Lebensraum’ inpolitical Geography ?(A) Dead space(B) Living space(C) Administrative unit(D) Religious organisation

34. Which one of the following factors affectingmore at present to the voting behaviour inIndia ?(A) Development(B) Caste system(C) Religion base(D) Old base of political parties

35. Which of the following names of shiftingcultivation in Odisha is correct ?(A) Podu (B) Bewar(C) Pendo (D) Jhum

36. India has been divided into 13 Macro Planningregions. Which of the following authors havedelineated planning regions of India ?

(A) P. Sen Gupta and Sadasyuk Gailina

(B) R. P. Mishra, K. V. Sundaram and V.L.S.Prakasa Rao

(C) L. S. Bhatta

(D) O.H.K. Spate and Learmonth

37. Which of the following geographers definedregions as : “A georgraphic area unifiedculturally, unified at first economically andlater by consensus of thought, education.recreation etc. which distinguishes it fromother areas. ?”

(A) Vidal de al Blache

(B) A. J. Herbertson

(C) R. E. Dickinson

(D) K. Young

38. ‘The Eardkunde’ was published in the year1817. Which one of the following authoredthe book ?

(A) O. Peschel (B) Carl Ritter

(C) W. M. Davis (D) G. Taylor

39. Regional Imbalances of Economic develop-ment largely affected by which of thefollowing factors ?

(A) Regional disparity in resources

(B) Lesser resource utilization

(C) Lack of education

(D) Lesser demand of the people

40. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codes givenbelow—

List-I (Book)(a) Geographia

(b) Cosmos

(c) Nations and Nationalities

(d) Authropogeography

List-II (Geographer)1. Alexander von Humboldt

2. Reclus

3. Ratzel

4. Strabo

Geography-II (U.G.C.) D-14 | 7


(A) 2 3 1 4(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 4 1 2 3(D) 3 2 4 1

41. The Pir Panjal range lies in—(A) Outer Himalayas(B) Trans Himalayas(C) Greater Himalayas(D) Middle Himalayas

42. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I (Major Rivers) List-II (Tributaries)(a) Vaigai 1. Tista(b) Cauvery 2. Yamuna(c) Brahmpautra 3. Saruli(d) Ganga 4. AmaravatiCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 3 4 2(B) 3 4 2 1(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 1 3 2 4

43. Which one of the following statementsindicates the chief characteristics of the Poli-centric city ?(A) Circumferential urban beltway(B) Replacing sub-urban to urban(C) All roads lead to downtown(D) Many downtowns

44. Which one of the following number of statesis correct for ‘Empowered Action-GroupStates’ of India ?(A) 5 (B) 12(C) 8 (D) 16

45. Find the sequence of higher to lower rainfallfrom the following areas of India—I. Ganga Delta II. SahyadriIII. Eastern U.P. IV. Northern Gujarat(A) I, II, III, IV (B) II, I, III, IV(C) III, IV, II, I (D) IV, III, II, I

46. Which one of the following statistical tech-niques involves a large number of variables tobe summarised into smaller dimensions ?

(A) Chi-square (B) Correlation(C) Factor Analysis (D) Regression

47. Which one of the following averages is not ameasure of central tendency ?(A) Harmonic mean(B) Geographic mean centre(C) Geometric mean(D) Arithmetic mean

48. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer using the codes given below—List-I List-II(Satellites) (Counteries)(a) IRS 1. India(b) SPOT 2. Europe(c) ENCISAT 3. U.S.A.(d) IKONOS 4. FranceCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 4 3 2(B) 1 3 4 2(C) 2 1 3 4(D) 4 3 1 2

49. Which one of the following diagrams is mostsuitable for depicting the distribution of urbanland-use types of spatially spread urbancentres ?(A) Histogram (B) Sphere(C) Bar (D) Pie

50. A map with the scale of 1

50,000 is enlarged to

5-times, which one of the following scales iscorrect for the enlarged map ?

(A)1

250,000(B)

1100,000

(C)1

10,000(D)

12,500

Answers with Hints1. (B) Active layer is the top layer of soil in a

Perma trost zone-subject to seasonal freezingand thawing and which during the meltseason becomes very mobile.

2. (A)

3. (B) Hydertaion is one of the major processesof mechanical weathering, invalving the


addition of water to a mineral, causing it toexpand and therety initiage stress with in therock, once mineral have exprienced hyderationthey become more suspectible to the effect ofchemical weathering especially those ofcarbonation and oxidiation.

4. (C) Basaltic ocean crust has an averagedensity 2·90/g/cm3 (As it is composed ofSima).

5. (A) During the summer, the shifting of windbelts take place towards the Nanu i . e.polewards, that causes summers to dry inMediterranean Regions.

6. (D) Altitude, temperature and watervapouraffects the atmospheric pressure, but rainfalldoes not effects.

7. (B)8. (C) Rain-fed and Rain-shadow areas are

associated with orographic rainfall.9. (B)

10. (C) Tropical Monsoon rain is associated withSahyadri Ganga Delta rather than Kashmirand Ladakh Region which have very seantyrain from monsoon winds.

11. (B) 12. (A)13. (A) Wave-cut platform is a characteristic of

California-Coast.14. (B) Average depth of the equatorial counter

current is 100 meter.15. (A) It is due to Western intersification that

Gulf stream and Kuroshio current moreforcefully northward.

16. (A) ‘The Principles of Human Geography’was written by E. Huntington.

17. (B) While dealing with the subject matter ofGeography Humbolt coined the termCosmography and divided it into Uranog-raphy and Geography.

18. (C)19. (B) The idea of Backwash originated in the

international trade theory in a book byGunnar Myrdal.

20. (C) Existentialism is a philosophical view thatman is responsible for making his own nature,it lays stress an personal freedom, personaldecision and personal commitment.

21. (A) 22. (C)

23. (A) The deeded growth rate in the given statesduring 2001-11 was as follows—Karela—4·92%Rajasthan—21·38%West Bengal—13·78%Bihar—20·60%

24. (A)25. (B) The decadal growth rate during 1991–

2001 was 21·34% (finally 21·5%).26. (B) Land with productive value, provided

more livelihood to the people.27. (C) It is Irrigation which is more crucial for

agriculture.28. (D) 29. (C)30. (D) L. D. Stamp in his landuse survey of

Great Britain developed the techniuqe ofmeasurement of agriculture efficiency.

31. (C)32. (A) It was Alfred Mackinder who profounded

the Heartland theory.33. (B) In 1897, Ratzel wrote Political Geography

in which he compared state to an organism.He emphasized the fect that a state, like somesimple organism, must either grow or die andcan never standstill. It was his Philosophy ofLebensraum living space-which created thecontroversy of superior and interior.

34. (B) At present the voting behaviour of peoplein India is affected by caste system.

35. (A) 36. (B) 37. (D)38. (B) Eardkunde, a monumental work of Carl

Ritter Science, Eardkunde is a comprehensivecommon word which stands for science ofearth in relation to nature and history.

39. (A) 40. (C)41. (D) Pir Panjal Range lies in Middle

Himalayas.42. (C)43. (D) Policentric city is the organisation of a

region around several political, social andfinancial centres (Down towns).

44. (C) Bihar, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, MadhyaPradesh, Odisha, Rajastha, Uttaranchal andU.P. are the eight Empowered Action GroupStates.

45. (B) 46. (C) 47. (B) 48. (B) 49. (B)50. (C)


UGC-NET/JRF Exam.(December 2014)

Solved Paper


(Paper–III)

Directions—This paper contains Seventy five(75) obective type questions of two (2) markseach. All questions are compulsory.61. The most fundamental principle of Earth

Science ‘Uniformitarianism’ for the first timepresented in the book entitled—(A) Principles of Geology(B) Geomorphology from the Earth(C) Unstable Earth(D) Theory of the Earth

62. Which of the following phrased the concept“Landscape is function of process, structureand stage” ?(A) W.M. Davis (B) L. C. King(C) A.N. Strahler (D) Thornbury

63. What are the evidences in favour of theContinental Drift Theory ?I. Zig-Saw fitII. Trans current faultsIII. Fossils in different areasIV. Convection in mantleCodes :(A) I and IV (B) II and IV(C) I and III (D) I and II

64. The theory of sea-floor spreading wasproposed by—(A) Holmes and Davis(B) Airry and Pratts(C) Hess and Dietz(D) Wenger and Ratzel

65. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—

List-I (Agents of Erosion)(a) Running water (b) Moving ice

(c) Blowing wind (d) Dashing wave

List-II (Erosional Features)I. Hanging valley II. Incised meanderIII. Head and Bay IV. BarchanCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 1 2 4 3(D) 2 1 3 4

66. The net results of water inputs and wateroutputs in Earth’s hydrosphere is in a—(A) Steady-state equilibrium(B) Dynamic equilibrium(C) Quasi-steady-state equilibrium(D) Quasi-dynamic equilibrium

67. Which of the following condition is notessential for a limestone landscape to developinto karst topography ?(A) The limestone formation must contain

100% calcium carbonate for solutionprocesses

(B) Complex patterns of joints in the other-wise impermeable limestone

(C) There must be an aerated zone betweenthe ground surface and the water table

(D) Good vegetation cover

68. Identify the correct sequence of terminologyused for denoting different parts along asloping ground from top to bottom—

I. Debris slope

II. Waning slope

III. Waxing slope

IV. Free face

(A) II, III, I, IV (B) III, II, IV, I

(C) III, IV, II, I (D) III, IV, I, II

4 | Geography-III (U.G.C.) D-14

69. Which one of the following places on theearth is the hottest ?(A) Quetta (B) At Aziza(C) Jacobabad (D) Jaisalmer

10. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I(a) Westerlies (b) Doldrum(c) Horse latitudes (d) MonsoonList-II1. Between trade wind and westerlies2. Seasonal wind3. Roaring forties4. Equatorial beltCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 2 3 4 1(D) 4 2 1 3

11. Find the sequence of the onset of South-Westmonsoon of the following areas from theearlier to later dates—I. KeralaII. MumbaiIII. Andaman-NicobarIV. Odisha(A) I, II, III, IV (B) III, I, II, IV(C) II, III, IV, I (D) IV, II, I, III

12. Find the incorrect statement from thefollowing—(A) Equatorial regions receive heavy convec-

tional rain(B) High rainfall totals are linked to

westerlies in both hemispheres(C) There is an increase of precipitation at an

altitude above 2 kms(D) On the eastern side of the ocean in the

sub-tropical region are dry regions

13. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Trans-humane type of popu-lation movement is noticed in Kashmir valley.

Reason (R) : Rainfall in Kashmir valleyduring winter is due to Westerly disturbances.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is

the reason of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is

not reason of (A)(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is incorrect(D) (A) is not correct, but (R) is correct

14. Which of the two following cyclones didoccur in India in 2014 ?I. Hudhud II. PhailinIII. Nilopher IV. Lehar(A) I and II (B) I and III(C) II and III (D) III and IV

15. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I List-II(a) North America 1. The Steppes(b) South America 2. The Velds(c) Africa 3. The Prairies(d) Europe 4. The PampasCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 3 4 1 2(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 2 3 4 1(D) 3 4 2 1

16. Which of the following is a cold current ?(A) Brazil current(B) Gulf stream(C) Benguela current(D) Agualhas current

17. The term ‘brine’ is applicable to—(A) Arabian Sea (B) Baltic Sea(C) China Sea (D) Sargasso Sea

18. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : The Sahara desert enjoys adry climate.Reason (R) : The eastern side of ocean insub-tropics along with cold oceanic current.

Geography-III (U.G.C.) D-14 | 5




19. The Challenger Expedition of 1874 washeaded by the country—(A) United States of America(B) United Kingdom(C) U.S.S.R.(D) India

20. Which of the following group of statementsare correct ?I. Tropical grassland located in Brazil are

known as Llanos and Campose.II. Savanna is a type of equatorial rainy

forest in Africa.III. Temperate grassland in Argentina is

known as Pampas.IV. Selva is a coniferous of Europe and Asia.(A) I and II (B) II and III(C) III and IV (D) I and III


List-I (Region) List-II (Animals)(a) Tundra 1. Kangaroo(b) Savanna 2. Penguin(c) Australia 3. Zebra(d) Antarctica 4. Reinder


(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 4 3 1 2

(C) 3 4 2 1

(D) 2 1 4 3

22. Which one of the following marine ecosystems has the highest primary production ?

(A) Open seas

(B) Tidal estuaries

(C) Continental shelves

(D) Algae beds and reefs

23. Hekistothermal plants are found in—(A) Mediterranean climate(B) Hot desert(C) Equatorial climate(D) Cold desert

24. Who wrote the book ‘Civilization andClimate’ ?(A) Jafferson (B) Semple(C) Trewartha (D) Huntington

25. The term ‘anthropogeographic’ was coined byRatzel and was used by him for the—(A) Geography of man in terms of individuals

and races(B) Geography of man and his works in

relation to earth’s surface(C) Organic theory of society and state(D) Study of harmonious reciprocal relation

of man and nature

26. Find the sequence of the following contribu-tions by geographers—I. The origin of speciesII. CosmosIII. AnthropogeographicIV. Erd Knude(A) I, II, III, IV (B) III, IV, II, I(C) II, I, IV, III (D) IV, III, I, II

27. Who among the following is the protagonistof Neo-Determinism ?(A) Blache (B) Griffith Taylor(C) Bruhnes (D) Saur

28. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I List-II(Modern name of (Name of River inRiver) Rigveda)(a) Sutlej 1. Lauhitya(b) Brahmaputra 2. Sindhu(c) Indus 3. Vitasta(d) Jhelum 4. SutudriCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 2 3 1(B) 4 1 2 3(C) 2 3 4 1(D) 4 2 1 3


29. Who was the author of Cosmos ?(A) Ritter (B) Humbolt(C) Ratzel (D) Bruhnes

30. Which of the following region does have thehighest population density as per 2011Census ?(A) Punjab Plain (B) Upper Ganga Plain(C) Ganga Delta (D) Brahmputra Valley

31. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I List-II(Ackerman-Population (Name of theResource Region) Countries)(a) U.S. type 1. India(b) Europe type 2. Malaysia(c) Brazilian type 3. Australia(d) Egyptian type 4. South KoreaCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 3 4 2 1(C) 2 1 4 3(D) 4 3 2 1

32. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Amazon basin has very lowdensity of population.

Reason (R) : The Amazon basin is endowedwith hot and humid climate that led toluxuriant selvas.

Codes :(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is false

(B) (A) is false, but (R) is true

(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R)explains the (A)

(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct, but (R)does not explain (A)

33. Which one of the following is the correctsequence of stages of urban development aspostulated by Lewis Mumford ?I. Polis II. EcopolisIII. Megalopolis IV. Metropolis

(A) II, I, IV, III(B) I, II, III, IV(C) III, IV, II, I(D) IV, III, I, II

34. What is the trend of Urbanization in India ?(A) Urban population is rising slowly(B) Urban population is rising rapidly(C) Growth rate of urban population is lower

than total(D) Urban population is falling

35. Which one of the following densely populatedareas of the world does not rely basically onagriculture ?(A) The Nile Valley of Egypt(B) The Plains of Mainland China(C) The Island of Java(D) The North Eastren U.S.A.

36. Both Ulanbator in Mongolia and Lagos inNigeria are example of—

(A) Primate cities(B) World cities(C) Enclaves(D) Edge cities

37. Which of the following is an example of aquinary-sector of economic activity ?

(A) Working at a cash register McDonald’s

(B) Serving as a researcher for humancloning

(C) Serving on the U.S. President’s Cabinet

(D) Converting crude oil into gasoline

38. In which country of the world petroleum istreated as ‘source of power not the economy ?

(A) United States of America

(B) Saudi Arabia

(C) Iraq

(D) Kuwait

39. With one of the following types of agricultureof India is classified in the world agriculturesystem by D. Whittellesey ?

(A) Nomadic Herding

(B) Livestock Ranching

(C) Intensive Subsistence Agriculture

(D) Commercial Agriculture


40. On the map of Mexico given below at whichpoint ‘maquiladra’ is most likely to be found?

8004000400

kms.

(A) Point A (B) Point B

(C) Point C (D) Point D

41. Consider the following costs and revenuelines of four firms located in a region—

Location

RevenueCosts

a b c d

Select the best location of maximizing theprofit of a firm.(A) b (B) a(C) d (D) c

42. All of the following have been consideredgrowing industrial countries except—(A) India (B) Indonesia(C) Brazil (D) China

43. Consider the following road network diagramof an area—

a

b

c

d

e

f

Select the correct connectivity matrix for theabove network—(A) a b c d e f

a 0 1 1 0 0 0b 1 01 0 0 1 0c 1 0 0 1 1 0d 0 0 1 1 0 1e 0 1 1 1 0 1f 0 0 0 0 1 0

(B) a b c d e fa 0 1 1 0 0 0b 1 1 0 0 1 0c 1 0 0 1 1 0d 0 0 1 1 0 1e 0 1 1 1 0 1f 0 0 0 0 1 0

(C) a b c d e f

a 0 1 1 0 0 0

b 1 0 0 0 1 0

c 0 0 0 1 1 0

d 0 0 1 0 1 0

e 0 1 1 0 0 1

f 0 0 0 0 1 0

(D) a b c d e f

a 0 1 0 0 0 0

b 1 0 1 1 0 0

c 1 0 0 1 0 0

d 0 0 1 0 1 0

e 0 1 1 1 0 1

f 0 0 0 0 1 0

44. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select your answer from thecodes given below—Assertion (A) : Air transport is a very usefulmeans of transport in mountainous and hillyregions.Reason (R) : It is very difficult to constructroads and railways in mountainous regions.


correct explains of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is notthe correct explains of (A)



45. Which of the following significantly weakenthe strength of Mackinder’s geopoliticalheartland theory ?(A) Ascendance of the United States interna-

tional influence after World War II(B) Existence of a pivot area


(C) Growth of Soviet power in EasternEurope

(D) Rise of Nazi Germany

46. The relationship among power structures, theenvironment and economic inequalities istermed as—(A) Political ecology(B) Gerrymandering(C) Ecoterrorism(D) Cultural diffusion

47. A primary differentiation between a state anda nation is that a State is a—(A) Political abstract, whereas a nation is a

human group(B) Mutable concept, whereas a nation is

permanent(C) Fixed geographical item, whereas a

nation is not liked to a territory(D) Product of history, whereas a nation is a

product of people

48. The following question, consist of twostatements, one labelled as Assertion (A) andthe other labelled as a Reason (R). Examinethe two statements and select the correctanswer using the codes given below—

Assertion (A) : There is hardly any pure raceeven in the remotest and isolated areas of theworld.

Reason (R) : All human being comprise asingle species, they manifest differences incertain physical traits, and being from onespecies all members are mutually fertile.


correct explains of (A)

(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is notthe correct explains of (A)



49. Match List-I with List-II and select the correctanswer using the codes given below the list—

List-I List-II(a) Caucasoid 1. European

(b) Negroid 2. African

(c) Mongoloid 3. Oriental

(d) Indic 4. Hindu


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 4 3 2 1(C) 3 2 4 1(D) 1 4 3 2

50. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select the correct answer usingthe codes given below—Assertion (A) : Central Asia has a number ofgroup such as Mongols, Kazakhs, Uzbeks andKirghiz.Reason (R) : Most of these people are herdersand great horsemen.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



51. Which Arab geographer served in the Courtof Muhammad Bin Tughlaq ?(A) Al-Beruni(B) Ibn-e-Khaldun(C) Ibn-Batuta(D) Al-Idrisi

52. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I (Planners)(a) Howard (b) Perry(c) Geddes (d) Corbuser

List-II (Contributions)1. Neighbourhood idea

2. Conurbation

3. Radiant city

4. Garden cityCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 4 3 2 1(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 4 1 2 3(D) 3 2 1 4


53. Who did bring spatial dimension to theconcept of growth ?(A) Perraux (B) Myrdal(C) Bouldville (D) Losch

54. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I (Planning Programmes)(a) Metropolitan Planning(b) Tribal Area Planning(c) J.N.U.R.M.(d) River Basin PlanningList-II (Associated Features)1. Command area2. Upgradation of urban infrastructure3. Social and cultural sensibility4. Green beltCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 4 3 1 2(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 4 3 2 1

55. Which one of the following suggested newmethod to measure regional imbalances indevelopment and allocation of funds todifferent states of India ?(A) A. Mitra (B) Ashok Dutta(C) Raghu Rajan (D) A. Kundu

56. The Community Development Programmewas initiated primarily to—(A) bring in development among people by

raising the literacy level(B) increase the control of the masses over

the locally available resources(C) bring out overall development of the

villages through self-help(D) bring out development of urban facilities

57. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I (Mountain Range)(a) The Western Ghats(b) The Eastern Ghats(c) The Nilgiris(d) The Aravalis

List-II (Highest Peak)1. Doddabetta2. Gurusikhar3. Annamudai4. DeomaliCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 4 2 1 3(C) 2 3 4 1(D) 3 4 1 2

58. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select the correct answer fromthe codes given below—Assertion (A) : Bangaluru has grown into thehub of information technology and ITES.Reason (R) : City is provided with worldclass infrastructure, power supply andsecurity.




59. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select the correct answer fromthe codes given below—

Assertion (A) : The Golden QuadrilateralExpress Highway is the visionary project tofacilitate India joining the group of DevelopedCountries of the World.

Reason (R) : GQEH greatly reduced timedistance in flow of transport and commoditiesand boosted urban growth and non-primaryactivities.







60. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I (Linguist Mosaic Family)(a) The Austric(b) The Dravidian(c) The Sino-Tibetan(d) The Indo-AryanList-II (Language)1. Lepcha 2. Sanskrit3. Santhali 4. MalayalamCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 4 3 2 1

61. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select the correct answer fromthe codes given below—Assertion (A) : Indus and Ganges are theantecedent rivers.Reason (R) : These rivers pass through thevery narrow and deep gorges in the Himalayanmoutain region.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is



62. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I (Rivers) List-II (Origin)(a) Chenab 1. Great Himalaya(b) Beas 2. Kullu Hills(c) Ganga 3. Gangotri(d) Brahmaputra 4. Kailas RangeCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 1 3 2 4(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 4 3 1 2

63. Main cause of difference between shiftingcultivation and contour farming in India, is—(A) Environmental effect(B) Technological development(C) Availability of land(D) Population density

64. Match the following List-I with List-II andselect the correct answer from the codesgiven—List-I (Plateau) List-II (States)(a) Bhander 1. Chhatisgarh(b) Ranchi 2. Madhya Pradesh(c) Bastar 3. Jharkhand(d) Shillong 4. MeghalayaCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 1 3 4 2(C) 2 3 1 4(D) 2 1 3 4

65. Which one of the North-Eastern states has thehighest concentration of tribal population ?(A) Meghalaya (B) Assam(C) Mizoram (D) Nagaland

66. Arrange the cities from the higher to lowertemperature—I. Jaipur II. MubaiIII. Bengaluru IV. Jaisaler(A) IV, I, II, III (B) I, II, III, IV(C) II, III, I, IV (D) III, II, IV, I

67. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and the other labelled asReason (R). Select the correct answer fromthe codes given below—Assertion (A) : Women status in the North-Eastern States of India is encouraging.Reason (R) : Participation of women ineconomic activities in these States is quitegood.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) is




68. Which of the following thematic maps iscombined with complex themes ? Select thecorrect combination of complex-thematic mapfrom the codes given below—1. Soil spread2. Forest cover3. Crop combination4. Rainfall potentialCodes :(A) 1 and 2 (B) 2 and 3(C) 3 and 4 (D) 2 and 4

69. Which one of the following number ofParallels with one degree interval can bedrawn between the poles on a globe ?(A) 180 (B) 178(C) 179 (D) 181

70. Which one of the following symbols does notrepresents a point data ?(A) Spot heights(B) Bench marks(C) Contours(D) Triangulation stations

71. The image of which satellite data product isused as substitute of cadastral map—(A) Landstate TM (B) SPOT Xs(C) INSAT 1B (D) IKONOS

72. Which one of the following Digital numbersis correctly matched with its byte value ?

Bytes Digital Value(A) 6 — 128(B) 8 — 512(C) 7 — 256(D) 5 — 32

73. Which one of the following locations iscorrect with reference to Ground controlpoints ?(A) Satellite control station(B) Co-ordinates of places i.e., latitudes and

longitudes(C) Places with established co-ordinates and

height above MSL(D) Height of places above MSL

74. Which one of the following is not an outcomeof GIS modelling ?(A) Binary model

(B) Index model(C) Regression model(D) Iconic model

75. Which one of the following circumstancesPearson’s coefficient of Correlation is used ?(A) when the data set is positively skewed(B) when the data set is negatively skewed(C) when the data is normally distributed(D) when the data is abnormally distributed

Answers with Hints1. (D) Uniformitarianism, the fundamental

principle of modern Geology was profoundedby Hutton (1785). It was first presented in thebook theory of Earth by Whel-Well in 1832.

2. (A) The phase Landscape is function ofprocess structure and function was given byW.M. Davis in his Cycle of erosion.

3. (C) The Zig-Sawfit as well as fossils indifferent areas are the two evidences in thefavour of continental Drift Theory.

4. (C) The theory of sea-floor-spreading wasproposed by Hess and Dietz in 1960.

5. (B)6. (A) The net result of water inputs and water

out puts in Earth’s hydrosphere is in a steadystate equilibrium.

7. (D) Good vegetation cover is not an essentialfeature in limestone landscape developmentin karst topography.

8. (D) 9. (B) 10. (B) 11. (A)12. (C) The statement that there is an increase-

ment of precipitation at the atitude about 2 kmis wrong.

13. (C) In winter season the Kashmir valleyexperiences snowfall rather than rain hence Ais correct and R is wrong.

14. (B) Hudhud (Odisha coast) and Nilopher(Gujrat) are the two cyclones that occur inIndia in 2014.

15. (D)16. (C) Benguela current is a cold current which

flows towards the North along the westerncoast of South Africa.

17. (D) The word ‘brine’ means salty water canbe used for Sargasso sea.

18. (B) In sub tropics zone the eastern side theoceans have cold currents (cannaries current).


19. (B) Challenger expedition of 1874 washeaded by united kingdom.

20. (D) 21. (B) 22. (D)23. (D) Hekisto thermal plants are those plants

which can exists in regions with very lowtemperature i.e. and desert climate, which hasmean low temperature of warmest month10°C.

24. (D) The book civilization and climate waswritten by Huntington.

25. (B) The main focus an ‘Anthropogeographic’of Ratzel was ‘the effects of different physicalfeatures and location on the style of life ofmean.

26. (C) The correct sequence is II, I, IV, III—Cosmos—1845The Origin of Species—1859Erd Knude—1861–62Anthropogeographic—1872

27. (B) Griffith Taylor was the proof against ofNeo-determinism.

28. (B)29. (B) Humbolt was the author of Cosmos which

was published in 1845.30. (C) Ganga Delta (West Bengal 1028, Bihar

1106) has the highest density of Population.31. (B)32. (C) It is due to the luxuriant vegetation along

with hot & humid climate, the region(Amazon basin) is sparsely populated.

33. (A)34. (B) In urban population is rising rapidly. Now

it is at present more than 30%.

35. (D) The North Eastern U.S.A. is industriallydeveloped.

36. (A)37. (C) Quarternary sector of Economic activity

includes the education, technologies etc. ThusServing on the U.S. Presidents Cabinet comesunder this category.

38. (A)39. (C) In India, due to large population and

limited land resource intensive subsistencetype of agriculture is done.

40. (A) 41. (C) 42. (B) 43. (A)44. (A) Both A and R are correct, because Air

transport is very useful means of transport inmountains and hilly regions, as it is verydifficult to construct reads or Railways there.

45. (A) Mackinder’s heartland theory ofcommanding waved was weakened due to theemergency of USA as a supreme power afterthe world war II.

46. (A) 47. (A) 48. (A) 49. (A) 50. (B)51. (C) 52. (C) 53. (C) 54. (D) 55. (C)56. (C) 57. (D) 58. (A) 59. (A) 60. (C)61. (D) 62. (A) 63. (B) 64. (C)65. (B) The concentration of tribal population in

the given states as per 2011 census is asfollows—Meghalaya—25,25,861Assam—38,84,331Mizoram—10,36,315Nagaland—17,10,973

66. (A) 67. (A) 68. (C) 69. (B) 70. (C)71. (D) 72. (D) 73. (C) 74. (D) 75. (C)


UGC-NET/JRF Exam.(June 2015)

Solved Paper

June 2015Geography

(Paper–II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objectivetype questions of two (2) marks each. Allquestions are compulsory.

1. Match the List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the given codes—List-I (Concept)(a) Peneplain(b) Uniformitarianism(c) Tetrahedral hypothesis(d) Convectional Current TheoryList-II (Proposer)1. Holmes 2. W.M. Davis3. Hutton 4. Lothian GreenCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 2 3 4 1

(B) 3 1 2 4

(C) 1 2 4 3

(D) 4 2 3 1

2. Ria is an example of—(A) Deposited land features(B) Submerged upland shorelines(C) Emerged upland shorelines(D) Eroded land forms

3. Who postulated the ‘Progressive Wave Theoryof Tides’ ?(A) C. Darwin (B) William Whewill(C) R.A. Haris (D) Daly

4. Who wrote the book ‘Illustration of theHuttonian Theory of the Earth’ ?

(A) James Hutton(B) John Playfair(C) Vidal de la Blache(D) W.M. Davis

5. Who postulated the concept of Base level ?(A) Walther Penck (B) W.M. Davis(C) J.W. Powell (D) James Hutton

6. According to single-cell circulation modelproposed by George Hadley the mostimportant factor causing the globalatmospheric circulation is—(A) The rotation of the earth(B) The jet stream(C) Subsidence at the equator

(D) Temperature contrast between equatorand pole

7. The westerlies and trade winds are exampleof ‘……… winds.’(A) mesoscale (B) toposcale(C) macroscale (D) microscale

8. When water evaporates the energy that wasused to evaporate the water—(A) heats up the surrounding air as evapora-

tion takes place(B) will never be available again(C) is stored as latent heat in the evaporated

water molecule(D) is destroyed

9. Meteorologists group tropical cyclones intothree main categories according to—(A) barometric pressure in the eye of storm(B) precipitation(C) diameter of the storm(D) wind velocity

10. A given volume of air holds 20 grams ofwater vapor. At that temperature, the airwould saturated with 80 grams of watervapor. What is the relative humidity ?(A) 40% (B) 100%(C) 25% (D) 80%

4 | Geography-II (U.G.C.) J-15

11. Surface circulation of ocean water is drivenby—(A) Resisting force(B) Tidal force(C) Gravitational force(D) Blowing wind

12. For coastal sand dune formation, the idealgrain size diameter is—(A) 0·15 mm (B) 0·50 mm(C) 0·25 mm (D) 0·75 mm

13. Coastal area greatly affected by storm surgeis—(A) Andhra coast (B) West Bengal coast(C) Chennai coast (D) Kerala coast

14. How many essential nutrients are required byplants to fulfil their growth requirements ?(A) 24 (B) 22(C) 20 (D) 18

15. Mesophytes are predominated in—(A) Tropical region(B) Sub-polar region(C) Temperate region(D) Polar region

16. Who is regarded as the father of HumanGeography ?(A) Ratzel (B) Blache(C) Trewartha (D) Vallaux

17. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below—List-I (Approaches)(a) Neo-Determinism(b) Welfare(c) Behavioral(d) Modern HumanistList-II (Contributors)1. D.M. Smith 2. Guman Olsson3. Griffith Taylor 4. William Kirk

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 3 1 4 2

(C) 4 3 2 1

(D) 2 4 1 3

18. Who is the pioneer in CommericalGeography ?(A) H.J. Mackinder (B) G.G. Chisholm(C) Patrick Geddes (D) A.J. Herbertson

19. Which one of the following philosophers didpropagate the principle of Unity in Diversity ?(A) Carl Ritter(B) Immanuel Kant(C) Alexander Von Humboldt(D) O.H.K. Spate

20. To which school of Geography does E.C.Semple belong ?(A) American School of Geography(B) Russian School of Geography(C) British School of Geography(D) French School of Geography

21. Which one of the following states recordedthe lowest decadal growth rate of populationaccording to the 2011 census ?(A) Arunachal Pradesh(B) Madhya Pradesh(C) Punjab(D) Nagaland

22. According to 2011 census, which staterecorded the highest child sex-ratio (0-6years) ?(A) Manipur (B) Mizoram(C) Meghalaya (D) Arunachal Pradesh

23. Out of total population of 121 crore, what wasthe level of urbanisation in 2011 census ?(A) 33·16% (B) 32·16%(C) 30·16% (D) 31·16%

24. In which one of the cities first city improve-ment trust was set up ?(A) Bombay (B) Calcutta(C) Hyderabad (D) Lucknow

25. Horwood and Boyce described which termepigrammatically as “Devoted to people,paper work and parcels” ?

(A) Frame (B) Core

(C) Periphery (D) Fringe

26. Consider the following statements—

1. Nearly 30% of the petroleum productionin the world is from the off shore areas.

Geography-II (U.G.C.) J-15 | 5

2. The exclusive economic zone in theocean extends upto 100 nautical milesfrom the coast.

3. Only less than 1% of marine area isdeclared as protected area.

4. The largest marine protected area is theGreat Barrier Reef.

Which of these statements are correct ?(A) 1 and 2 (B) 1, 3 and 4(C) 1 and 4 (D) 2 and 3

27. Which one of the following groups ofcountries represents the flow of food grains tofood deficit regions of the world ?(A) North America, Argentina, Indian Sub

continent and China to Western Europe,Middle East and Japan

(B) Australia, South, Africa, India to MiddleEast, Western Europe and North Africa

(C) North America, Argentina, South Africaand Australia to Japan, Russia andWestern Europe

(D) North America, Australia, Russia toChina, Japan and Middle East

28. Which one of the following groups ofcountries requires import of iron to sustaintheir demand ?

(A) Western Europe, Brazil and Canada(B) Japan, Western Europe and U.S.A.(C) India, China and South Africa(D) U.S.A., Western Europe and Mexico

29. Which one of the following is the busiestoceanic trade route ?

(A) Panama

(B) North Atlantic route

(C) Suez Canal

(D) Cape route

30. Balance of Trade of India is always negativewith the Middle Eastern Countries due to theimport of—

(A) Food Material (B) Cotton Textile

(C) Coal and Iron (D) Petroleum

31. Which one of the following authors hasclassified Indian Races ?

(A) R.L. Singh (B) Sir Herbert Risley

(C) Huntigton (D) Trewartha

32. Heart land theory is postulated by—(A) P.E. James (B) H.J. Mackinder(C) G.G. Chisholm (D) H.R. Mill

33. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow—Assertion (A) : Cuba and U.S.A. are nearerto each other in geographical space, but theyare not friendly neighbours.Reason (R) : There is strong differences inpolitical philosophy.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the



34. Which one of the following authors hasdefined the phrase “Culture is that complexwho which includes knowledge, belief, art,moral, law, customs acquired by a man asmember society” ?(A) E.B. Taylor (B) R.H. Lowie(C) Kroeber (D) Goldenweiser

35. Indian people elect their representatives toHouse of People by—(A) Single preference ballot(B) People’s choice in Gram Sabha(C) Nomination by a panel of experts(D) Election through state legislature

36. Whose theory did propagate that ‘an area ispoor because it is poor’ ?(A) Myrdal (B) Berry(C) Hirschman (D) Boudeville

37. In which one of the following concept theterm ‘Triple Bottom Line’ (TBL) reflectingthe importance of environmental, social andeconomic factors in decision making isdefined ?(A) Inclusivity (B) Sustainability(C) Poly-centricity (D) Mono-centric

38. Which one of the following Regions ischaracterised by communication networksflowing upwards and downwards through a


succession of service centres of varyingsignificance ?(A) Heterogenous (B) Homogenous(C) Nodal (D) Administrative

39. Which one of the following planning regionsdevelops along transportation line orirrigations channels ?(A) Transitional Regions(B) River Valley Regions(C) Axial development Regions(D) City Regions

40. Who has designed the plan of ChandigarhCity ?(A) Ernst May(B) Le Corbusier(C) Soria Y Matte(D) Charles Edward Jeanneret

41. In which part of India Dandakaranaya issituated ?(A) North Eastern (B) South Eastern(C) Central (D) Northern

42. Teesta river is a tributary of—(A) Subansiri (B) Meghna(C) Ganga (D) Brahmapurtra

43. Which one of the following states has themaximum area under teak forest of India ?(A) Uttar Pradesh (B) Bihar(C) Karnataka (D) Madhya Pradesh

44. In which one of the following rocks almost allworkable oil deposits of India is located ?(A) Ancient granites(B) Ancient sedimentaries(C) Metamorphic formations(D) Tertiary sedimentaries

45. Which one of the following coastal areas ofIndia was affected by ‘Hudhud’ cyclone ?(A) Chennai coast(B) Kerala coast(C) Andhra Pradesh coast(D) Bengal coast

46. Which one of the following is correct ?(A) Arithmetic mean is a numerical value(B) Arithmetic mean is not affected by the

variability in the data sets

(C) Arithmetic mean is always a positivenumber

(D) Arithmetic mean is not useful for anyfurther statistical analysis of the data

47. Which one of the following central tendenciesis the appropriate method for the study ofdispersion ?(A) Arithmetic mean(B) Median(C) Mode(D) Geometric mean

48. Which one of the following cartographictechniques is suitable for measuring spatialassociation among different attributes of theregional economy ?(A) Bar diagram(B) Pie diagram(C) Choropleth(D) Isopleth


List-I (Method)(a) Isopleth(b) Dot maps(c) Scatter diagrams(d) Star diagrams

List-II (Uses)1. Natural groupings2. Distribution of population3. Wind direction4. Changes which are relatively gradual

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 4 2 3 1

(B) 2 4 3 1

(C) 4 2 1 3

(D) 2 4 1 3

50. Which one of the following is shown with thehelp of Isobaths ?

(A) Salinity of sea water

(B) Depth of ocean water

(C) Altitude of oceanic ridge

(D) Amplitude of wave

Geography-II (U.G.C.) J-15 | 7

Answers with Hints1. (A)

2. (B) ‘Ria’ is a spanish term widely adopted todescribe a submerged coastal valley ofestuarly resulting from a rise of sea level.

3. (B) Progressive Wave Theory of Tides waspostulated by William Whewill.

4. (B) ‘Illustration of the Huttonian Theory ofthe Earth’ was written by John Playfair in1802.

5. (C) It was J.W. Powell who under theexploration of Colorado river of the west saidthat the erosion done by river reaches to itslast stage. Thereafter no erosion takes placeand this last stage of erosion is known as Baselevel.

6. (D) Single Cell Circulation Model given byGeorge Hadley is based on temperaturecontrast between equator and pole ward inwhich warm air moves towards pole wards orcold air moves toward equator in the samehorizontal plane.

7. (C) Planetary winds like westerlies and tradewinds synoptic : Cyclones and anti cyclones,Hurricanes are macroscale winds whilethunder storm tornadoes mesoscole winds,gust or dust devils are microscale winds.

8. (C) Latent heat is an amount of energyemitted or absorbed when a body changes itstate or phase without any change oftemperature with in that body. It is veryimportant in atmospheric, processes wherewater can exists as a vapour, it is emittedduring the process of condensation.

9. (D) Tropical cyclones are classified inaccordance with the world meteorologists onthe bases of wind speed near the centre.

10. (C) R.H. =A.H. × 100

H.C.

R.H. = Relative Humidity

A.H. = Absolute Humidity

H.C. = Humidity Capacity at that temperature

Hence, =20 × 100

80 = 25%

11. (D) It is due to the blowing winds (Prevaitingwinds) that the surface circulation of oceanwater takes place.

12. (C)

13. (B) Generally West Bengal coast is affectedby storm surge.

14. (D)

15. (C) Mesophytes are generally predominate inneither hot or cold areas i.e., it predominatesat temperate regions i.e., temperate meadows.

16. (A) Ratzel is known as the founder or fatherof Human Geography. He was essentially ascholar of classical languages.

17. (B) 18. (B)

19. (A) The fundamental principle evolved byRitter was Unity in diversity. According tohim, there is a fundemental unity in the bioticand abiotic components of habitat in whichman sculptures his cultural environment.

20. (A)

21. (D) Decadal growth rate in given states is asfollows : 1. Nagaland : 0·6%; 2. Punjab :13·9%; 3. Madhya Pradsh : 20·3%; 4. Aruna-chal Pradesh : 26·0 (Final data).

22. (D) Following is the child sex ratio as percensus 2011 (final data) in the gives states :1. Arunachal Pradesh : 972; 2. Mizoram :970; 3. Meghalaya : 970; 4. Manipur : 936.

23. (D) As per 2011 census final data the Urbanratio is 31·16% and Rural ratio is 68·84%.

24. (A) Bombay improvement trust, first set up in1898 in response to the Mumbai plaugeepidemic.

25. (B) 26. (B) 27. (C) 28. (B)

29. (B) North Atlantic route joining the westEuropean and east American trade centres isthe busiest oceanic route.

30. (D) Trade balance of India with MiddleEastern Countries in negative due to import ofpetroleum.

31. (B) Herbert Risley classified the tribes ofBengal.


32. (B) The heart land concept was postulaed byH.J. Mackinder who in 1913 used this wordin Geography and World Politics.

33. (A) 34. (A) 35. (A) 36. (A)

37. (B) The term ‘Triple Bottom Live’ or ‘3BL’ is an acounting framework with threeparts Social, Environmental (Ecology) andfinance. These three divisions are also calledthree PS people, planet and profit or the threepillar of sustainability.

38. (C) Communication network flowing upwardsand downwards through the succession ofservice centres of varying significance ischaracterised by nodal region in which anarea organised round a not or a focal point

and is defined by interactions and connectionsof service centres.

39. (C) The axial region develops along transportlines or irrigation channels.

40. (B) The planner of Chandigarh city was LeCorbusier.

41. (C) Dandakaranaya region lies in CentralIndia (Chhattisgarh).

42. (D) 43. (D)

44. (B) Oil deposits are found in Ancientsedimentary rocks.

45. (C) 46. (A) 47. (B) 48. (A) 49. (C)

50. (B)


UGC-NET/JRF Exam.(June 2015)

Solved Paper

June 2015Geography

(Paper–III)

Note—This paper contains seventy five (75)objective type questions of two (2) marks each.All questions are compulsory.1. Which of the following is formed due to

tectonic forces ?(A) Rift valley(B) hanging valley(C) Super imposed valley(D) Antecedent valley

2. Drowned glaciated valleys in high latitudesregions are known as—(A) Ocean trenches(B) Submarine ridges(C) Fiords(D) Submarine canyons

3. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given :

List-I List-II(a) Basalt 1. Geneis(b) Granite 2. Quartzite(c) Sandstone 3. Schist(d) Shale 4. Slate


(A) 2 1 4 3(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 4 2 1 3(D) 3 1 2 4

4. Consider the following statements regardingkants view on the origin of the earth :

1. Kant introduced the Newtonian law ofgravitation in his theory.

2. Kant developed his theory accepting theprinciple of conservation of angularmomentum.

3. Though Laplace put forward the nebularhypothesis of origin of the earth, Kant isregarded by many as the real propounderof the nebular hypothesis.

Which of the statements are correct ?(A) 1 and 2 (B) 2 and 3(C) 1 and 3 (D) 1, 2 and 3

5. Excessive folding results in—(A) Reverse fault(B) Geosyncline(C) Nappe formation(D) Block disintegration

6. “All coral reefs begun as fringe reefs aroundan inland”. This was indicated in—(A) Day’s glacial control theory(B) Daly’s subsidence theory(C) Darwin’s glacial control theory(D) Darwin’s subsidence theory

7. Guttenberg discontinuity is found betweenthe—(A) Upper core and lower core(B) Mantle and the core(C) Crust and the mantle(D) Upper mantle and lower mantle

8. Who postulated the concept of Sea floorspreading ?

(A) W.J. Morgan (B) T.J. Wilson

(C) Le Pichon (D) Harry Hess

9. Mauna Loa, in Hawaii is famous for—

(A) Botanical garden

(B) Monitoring sea level rise since 1950

(C) Monitoring rainfall

(D) Continuous monitoring of atmosphericCO2 since 1957

4 | Geography-III (U.G.C.) J-15

10. Match the List-I and List-II select the correctanswer from the codes given below :List-I(a) Isohel (b) Isohaline(c) Isotach (d) IsonephList-II1. line joining places having same average

percentage of cloudiness.2. line joining the places having same

duration of sunshine.3. line joining the places having equal

salinity in the ocean.4. line joining places having equal wind

speed.Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 2 3 1 4(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 2 3 4 1(D) 4 3 1 2

11. The only truely continuous pressure belt onthe earth is—(A) Southern hemisphere subtropical high(B) Northern hemisphere subtropical high(C) Equatorial low(D) Southern hemisphere sub polar low

12. Which two global winds originate from thesubtropical highs ?(A) Polar easterlies and westerlies

(B) Trade winds and polar easterlies(C) Trade winds and westerlies(D) Chinook and Foehn

13. An aircraft is flying at an altitude of 10 km.At that altitude the temperature is –40°C.What is the ambient temperature on theground—(A) 24°C (B) 25°C(C) 30°C (D) 20°C

14. Which one of the following is not a necessarycondition for condensation ?(A) Saturation (B) Surface(C) High altitude (D) Water vapour

15. Given below are two statements. One labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R). Select your answer from the codes givenbelow :

Assertion (A) : Land surface is heated morequickly and to a greater extent than the watersurface when subject to an equal amount ofinsolation.Reason (R) : The specific heat of land ismore than that of water.Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the

correct explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not a

correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true but (R) is false(D) (A) is false but (R) is true

16. Which of the following does not enhance theinstability of air ?(A) radiation cooling of earth’s surface after

sun set(B) radiation cooling from cloud top(C) heating an air mass from below as it

passes over a warm surface(D) intense solar heating in the lowermost

atmosphere

17. The speed of a ocean current is about—(A) 2% of the speed of prevailing wind(B) 4% of the speed of prevailing wind

(C) 6% of the speed of prevailing wind

(D) 8% of the speed of prevailing wind

18. The ocean water was iceberg free during theera—

(A) Archaean (B) Paleozoic

(C) Cenozoic (D) Mesozoic

19. The salinity of sea ice ranges from—

(A) 0–3% (B) 3–10%

(C) 11–17% (D) 28–35%


List-I (River)(a) Ganga (b) Mekong

(c) Brahmputra (d) Yangtze

List-II(Sediment transported to ocean in 104

tons/y)1. 726 2. 500

3. 1600 4. 1000

Geography-III (U.G.C.) J-15 | 5


(A) 3 2 4 1(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 3 4 1 2(D) 4 3 1 2

21. The place where an organism or communityof organisms lives is called—(A) Environment (B) Atmosphere(C) Habitat (D) Society

22. Photosynthesis is the process by which—(A) Radiant energy converted into chemical

energy(B) Radiant energy converted into thermal

energy(C) Radiant energy converted into bio-

energy(D) Radiant energy converted into geo-

thermal energy

23. ‘Vadose water’ remain in between—(A) Crust and mantle(B) Mantle and core(C) Ground surface and water table(D) Ground surface and tropopause

24. Which one of the following is not a macro-nutrients to plants ?(A) Carbon (B) Iron(C) Nitrogen (D) Oxygen

25. The concept of the laws of ‘primate city’ wasgiven by—(A) E. Huntington (B) E. C. Semple(C) M. Jefferson (D) W. Christaller

26. To which school does Eratosthenes, the fatherof geography belongs to—(A) Roman (B) Arab(C) German (D) Greek

27. Von Thunen’s Agricultural Locational theoryis based on—(A) Empirical Approach(B) Normative Approach(C) Deductive Approach(D) Behavioral Approach

28. Who was greatly influenced by Le Play’striology of Place-Work-Folk and adopted

alternate triology of Environment-Function-Organism ?(A) Roxby (B) Geddes(C) Herbertsen (D) Chisholm

29. Which Indian geographer has written thebook ‘Geography of Purans’ ?(A) S.M. Ali (B) P.P. Karan(C) M. Shafi (D) B. Dubey

30. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below :List-I (Modern Indian Geographers)(a) R. L. Singh(b) G. S. Gosal(c) C. D. Despande(d) V. L. S. Prakash RaoList-II (Field of Specialisation)1. Urban geography2. Settlement geography3. Regional development and planning4. Population geographyCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 3 1 4 2(C) 2 4 1 3(D) 4 3 2 1

31. Who among the following scholars is notrelated with behavioural geography ?(A) W. K. Kirk (B) Peter Gould(C) Yi Fu Twan (D) Gilbert White

32. Which one of the following states in India hasthe lowest population density in the latestcensus ?(A) Arunachal Pradesh(B) Jammu and Kashmir(C) Sikkim(D) Mizoram

33. Which of the following stages of demographictransition indicate the state of under develop-ment ?

(A) High stationary stage

(B) Early expanding stage

(C) Late expanding stage

(D) Low stationary stage


34. Which one of the following districts in Indiahas recorded the highest sex ratio in 2011 ?(A) Mahe (Pondicherry)(B) Almora (Uttarakhand)(C) Alwar (Rajasthan)(D) Thanjavur (Tamil Nadu)

35. Which one of the following density iscalculated using following formula :

ED = NKSK

, where N is the number of

inhabitants, K is per capita quantity ofrequirement, S is area in square kilometers,and K′ is the quantity of resources producedper km2.

(A) Arithmetic (B) Agricultural

(C) Physiological (D) Economic

36. Which one of the following measures ofcentral tendency is used to indicate the ‘centreof population ?

(A) Median (B) Mode

(C) Mean (D) Harmonic mean

37. Which of the concept relates population sizeto the land area with a view to assess pressureof population upon the resources of the area ?

(A) Population Growth Rate

(B) Population Density

(C) Agriculture Density

(D) Physiological Density

38. Which one of the following religions hasmaximum territorial region of dominance inthe World ?(A) Budhism (B) Islam(C) Christianity (D) Hinduism

39. Which one of the following authors has giventhe concept of. ‘Demand cone’ as shown inthe diagram ?

(a) (b)

d

T

Q

Q

S

F

F

Price

a

RbP

P

O Quantity

(A) Pareto (B) August Losch(C) Christaller (D) Weber

40. Which of the following groups of crops canbe grown in the area having temperature 20°– 27°C and annual rainfall more than 150 cm ?

(A) Barley, Jute, Tea

(B) Rubber, Rice, Jute

(C) Tea, Coffee, Maize

(D) Rice, Wheat, Maize

41. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below :

List-I (Authors)(a) Weber

(b) Smith

(c) Hotelling

(d) Hoover

List-II (Theory)1. Minimum production cost

2. Maximum profit

3. Minimum transport cost

4. Market competition


(A) 3 2 4 1

(B) 1 2 3 4

(C) 3 4 1 2

(D) 1 2 4 3

42. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R) select your answer from the codes givenbelow :

Assertion (A) : All Japanese steel productionoccurs of coastal locations.

Reason (R) : The Japanese steel capacity hasa coastal exposure and direct access to deep-water ports.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are the true and (R) is


(B) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) as notthe correct explanation of (A)




43. Consider the following map of an area—

SchoolHospital

Railway station

Post office

21

3

4 5

67

8

0 500 km

Select the correct matrix for the above map—

1 1 1 1 1

2 0 1 1 0

3 1 1 1 0

(A) 4 1 1 0 0

5 1 1 0 1

6 1 1 1 1

7 1 1 0 1

8 1 1 1 0

1 1 1 1 1

2 0 1 1 0

3 1 0 1 1

(B) 4 1 1 0 0

5 1 1 0 1

6 1 1 1 1

7 0 1 1 0

8 1 1 1 0

1 1 1 1 1

2 0 1 1 0

3 1 1 0 1

(C) 4 1 1 0 0

5 1 1 0 1

6 1 1 1 1

7 0 0 1 0

8 1 1 1 0

1 1 1 1 1

2 0 1 1 0

3 1 1 0 1

(D) 4 1 1 0 0

5 1 1 0 1

6 1 1 1 0

7 0 0 1 0

8 1 1 0 1

44. Which one of the following is correctsequence of urban land uses in respect of ab,bc and cd as per given graph ?

0 4

a b c d

Eco

nom

ic r

ent

Commerical

Residential

Industrial

Distance (km.)

8 10 12 14

(A) Industrial, Residential and Commercial(B) Commercial, Residential and Industrial(C) Commercial, Industrial and Residential(D) Residential, Commercial and Industrial

45. Whittelessy classified agricultural systems ofthe world. How many agricultural systemwere identified by him ?(A) 10 (B) 19(C) 14 (D) 13

46. Which one of the following group ofcountries is leading total coal import countriesof the world in 2013 according to the worldcoal association ?(A) Bangladesh, South Africa and France,

India(B) Poland, South Africa, Japan and France(C) China, Japan, India, South Korea(D) Japan, South Korea, France, Canada

47. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from codes given below :List-I (Risely’s classification of IndianRace)(a) Indo-Aryans(b) Dravidians(c) Mongoloids(d) Mongolo-Dravidians


List-II (Representatives of the respectiveraces)

1. The Bhils of Rajasthan

2. The Brahmins of Odisha

3. The Jats of Haryana

4. The Bhutias of Utarakhand

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 4 3 2 1

(C) 2 4 1 3

(D) 3 1 4 2

48. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R), select your answer from the codes givenbelow :

Assertion (A) : Indian ocean has become themilitary bases by many super-powers.

Reason (R) : There is strong geo-politicalbenefits in Indian ocean and adjacentcountries.

Codes :






List-I (State) List-II (Tribes)(a) Gujarat 1. The gonds

(b) Madhya Pradesh 2. The Mikirs

(c) Assam 3. The Khonds

(d) Odisha 4. The Bhils

Codes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 3 4 1 2

(C) 4 1 2 3

(D) 2 3 4 1

50. Match List-I with List-II and select thecorrect answer from the codes given below :List-I (Countries)(a) U.S.A. (b) China(c) India (d) U.K.List-II (Party System Government)1. One party 2. Two party3. Three party 4. Multi partyCodes :

(a) (b) (c) (d)(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 1 4 3(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 4 3 1 2

51. Which of the following statements is the baseof the concept of caste region ?(A) Numerical strength of a caste(B) Social ranking of a caste in a region(C) Proportion of a caste in population(D) Share of a caste in land ownership

52. Which one of the following is the propounderof the shown model ?

MIGRANTS

ORIGIN−Negative factors +Positve factors

DESTINATIONInterveningobstacles

(A) Zelinsky’s Mobility Model(B) Rely’s Model of Migration(C) Gosal Model of Migration(D) Lee’s Model of Migration

53. Which one of the following regions is definedas “A contiguous geographical areacharacterised by cultural homogeneity …”.

(A) Population Region

(B) Geographical Region

(C) Cultural Realm

(D) Settlement zone

54. Which constitutional Amendment Act has12th schedule devolving functions tomunicipal bodies ?

(A) 73rd (B) 72nd

(C) 74th (D) 75th


55. Which of the urban structure models labelledthree areas : (1) the city of death, (2) the cityof need and (3) the city of superfluity ?(A) Exploitive model of urban structure(B) Multiple nuclei(C) Sector model(D) Social area analysis model

56. To study regional imbalances and regionaldisparities in India, which one of the followingmethods was applied ?(A) Unweighted Ranks(B) Composite Index(C) Principal Component Analysis(D) Input-Output Analysis

57. Which one of the following factors does notdetermine the kinds and amount of economicactivity in the region ?(A) Cost of Transportation(B) Inequality of Income(C) Technology of Production(D) Demand Side of the Equation

58. The main thrust of regional planning is—(A) To remove areal disparity(B) To initiate economic growth(C) To have industrial expansion(D) To increase per capita income

59. Regional growth model by Douglass C. Northemphasizes the role of ‘……… factors’ isregional growth.(A) Hexagenous (B) Endogenous(C) Indogenous (D) Exogenous


List-I (Concept)(a) Urban growth (b) Town group

(c) Urban (d) UrbanisationList-II (Definitions)1. relatively large and densely settled

populations engaged primarily in non-agricultural economic pursuits.

2. net population increase of towns andcities.

3. proportionate increase of the urbanpopulation in relation to total populationin a given country.

4. a group of towns which adjoined oneanother so closely as to form a singleinhabited urban locality.


(A) 4 1 3 2(B) 2 4 1 3(C) 3 2 4 1(D) 1 3 2 4

61. Where is Govind Sagar Lake located ?(A) Ranjit Sagar Dam(B) Hirakud Dam(C) Kosi Dam(D) Bhakra Nangal Dam

62. The maximum % share of irrigated area of thegross cultivated area is found in—(A) Jammu-Kashmir (B) Uttar Pradesh(C) Punjab (D) Haryana

63. Kakrapara irrigation project is on the river—

(A) Narmada (B) Godavari

(C) Tapti (D) Mahanadi

64. The river Indus Originates from—

(A) Mansarowar Lake

(B) Kailash range

(C) Loktak lake

(D) Tibet

65. Given below are two statements, one labelledas Assertion (A) and other labelled as Reason(R) select your answer from the codes givenbelow :

Assertaion (A) : Punjab, Haryana and UttarPradesh are major wheat producing states ofIndia.

Reason (R) : The well drained fertile soil, 10to 15°C temperature at the time of sowing andabout 75 cm rainfall are necessary for goodwheat production.







66. Which of the canal has transformedagricultural activities of Sri Ganga Nagar,Bikaner and Jaisalmer districts ?(A) Kanhar Canal(B) Ram Ganga Canal(C) Sharada Sahayak Canal(D) Indira Gandhi Canal

67. Report published by UNDP which comparescountries based on education levels of people,their health status and per capita income is—(A) Human Education Report

(B) Human Population Report(C) Human Development Report(D) Human Quality Report

68. Spatial data is stored in computer by using—(A) Plotter digitizer and keyboard(B) Keyboard and plotter(C) Scanner, digitizer and keyboard(D) Digitizer and scanner

69. LANDSAT, SPOT and IRS are examplesof—(A) Sun-synchronous satellites(B) Geostationary satellites(C) Radars(D) Natural satellites

70. Which one of the following statistical methodis best suited for groundwater exploration byusing GIS tools ?(A) Standard deviation method(B) Principal component analysis method(C) Trial and error method(D) Index-overlay method

71. Which one of the following countries firstlaunched Operational Remote Sensingsatellite ?(A) USA (B) UK(C) USSR (D) Germany

72. Raster data start from—(A) Top-Right corner of the displayed

window(B) Top-Left corner of the displayed window(C) Bottom-Right corner of the displayed

window(D) Bottom-Let corner of the displayed

window

73. Which one of the following terms showsvariance of a particular distribution ?

(A) Σ(X – —X ) (B)

Σ(X – —X )

N

(C)Σ(X –

—X )2

N(D) ⎣⎢

⎢⎡

⎦⎥⎥⎤Σ(X –

—X )2

N

1/2

74. Assume their are four families in a country,The average per capita income of thesefamilies is 5,000. If the income of threefamilies is 3,000; 4,000 and 7,000respectively, what is the income of fourthfamily ?

(A) 7500 (B) 2000

(C) 3000 (D) 6000


List-I (Landsat 4 and 5 TM)(a) IFOV (b) Revisit

(c) Altitude (d) Swath width

List-II (System Characteristics)1. 185 km

2. 705 km

3. 16 days

4. 30 × 30 m for 1-5, 7 bands


(A) 1 2 3 4

(B) 2 3 1 4

(C) 4 3 2 1

(D) 4 3 1 2

Answers with Hints1. (A) Rift valley is formed due to tectonic

forces while hanging valley is the result ofGlaciation and Superimposed Valley andAntecedent Valley are the result of runningwater.

2. (C) Fiord, is a long narrow inlet of the seabounded by steep mountain slope which areof great height and extend to considerabledepth below sea level. It is formed by thesubmergence of glacially over deepenedvalley.

3. (D)


4. (D) Kant in his Hypothesis of Earth originwas of the view premordial matters collidedwith one another due to gravitation force,resenting rotation due to principle ofconservation of angular momentum

5. (C) Excessive folding is the result of Nappeformation (Nappe is a large scale tectonicover told in the earth crustal rocks which hasmoved forward as a recumbent fold.

6. (D) Charles Darwains (1837) in his theory oforigin of coral reefs said All corals are formedas a fringe reef till there is no difference in thelevel of sea and laud.

7. (B) Guttenberg discontinuity occurs at a depthof 2900 km and separates mantle from core

8. (D) The concept of sea floor spreading waspostulated by Harry Hess in 1960.

9. (D) Mauna Loa is a famous volcane forcontinuous monitoring of atmospheric CO2

since 1957 (As an active volcane).10. (C)11. (C) Equatorial low pressure beet is a truely

continuous pressure belf because here the sunrays fall vertically through out the flor,causing the area to be hot.

12. (C) Sub tropical high pressure belt lies 30°–35° N and South of the equator from this belttrade winds below towards equator andwesterlies below towards the sub polar lowpressure belt.

13. (B)14. (C) Condensation is a processes by which

vapour changes into the liquid or solid form.For this high altitude is not a necessarycondition.

15. (C) 16. (A)17. (A) Speed of the ocean current’s about 2% of

the speed of prevailing winds.18. (D) 19. (B) 20. (C)21. (C) A habitat is the place where a group of

organisms live.22. (A)23. (C) The term vadose is derived from the latine

vadosus, meaning shallow, vadose. Zoneextend from the surface to the water table, i.e.lowest water table if there is more than one.

24. (B)25. (C) The concept of Primate city was given by

M. Jefferson.

26. (D) 27. (B)28. (B) It was Patricls Geddes who was greatly

influenced by the Herbert Spanears theoryalong with the Le-play theory. He establishedthe spencer’s theory on Le-plays theory ofPlace-work-folk and alternate it usEnvironment (Place). Work (Function) folk(Organism).

29. (A) Geography of Puranas was written byS.M. Ali.

30. (C) 31. (C)

32. (A) Density of population as per 2011 censusof India in given states is as follows :

1. Arunachal Pradesh — 17 persons km2

2. Jammu Kashmir — 96 persons km2

3. Sikkim — 86 persons km2

4. Mizoram — 52 persons km2

33. (B)34. (A) Sex Ratio in the given states is as

follow :1. Mahe — 1184 women per 1000 men2. Almora — 1142 women per 1000 men3. Alwar — 895 women per 1000 men4. Thanjavur — 1035 women per 1000 men

35. (D) 36. (C) 37. (B)

38. (C) Christianity dominates the maximumterritorial regions.

39. (B) The concept of ‘demand cone’ was givenby August Loseh in his locational theory ofDemand.

40. (B) Rubber, rice and jute are three crops thatneed 20° to 27°C Temperature and more than150 cms rainfall.

41. (A)

42. (A) There is very little Iron production inJapan. But Japan is second hour steelproducing country in the world and Japan hasgot a coastal exposure and direct access to thedeep water Sea.

43. (C) 44. (B)

45. (D) Whittelessy’s classification is widelyaccepted one and is based on 1. Crop andlivestock association, 2. Labour and Capitalintensity, 3. Productivity, consumption patternof production, 5. Method and technique used.His scheme outlives thirteen types ofagricultural practices.


46. (C) As per world coal association report of2013. The countries that import coals wereChina (327 mt), Japan (196 mt), India (180mt), South Korea (126 mt).

47. (D) 48. (A) 49. (C) 50. (B)51. (C) The bases of Caste region is the

proportion of the caste in a region.52. (D)53. (C) A cultural region (Realm) refers to an

area over which the cultural traits of humangroup may be identified.

54. (C)55. (A) Explosive model of Urban structure

lebelled with these three areas—1. The city of death.2. The city of need and the city of superfluity.

56. (C) 57. (B) 58. (A) 59. (D) 60. (B)

61. (D) Govind Sagar an artificial lake is situatedat Bhakra Nangal Dam.

62. (C)63. (C) Kakrapara irrigation project is at River

Tapti.64. (A) River Indus Originates from Mansarover

lake in Tibet at the height of 5182 meters.65. (A)66. (D) It is Indira Gandhi canal formerly known

as Rajasthan canal has transformed theagriculture activities of Sri Ganganagar,Bikaner, Jaisalmer.

67. (C) It is HDI that is based on Literacy role lifeexpectancy per capita income, released byUNDP.

68. (D) 69. (A) 70. (D) 71. (A) 72. (B)

73. (C) 74. (D) 75. (C)

8.628 11.693 8.25 11

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