8 th grade science 10/28/2014 essential question: how does carbon dioxide emission affect global...
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8th Grade Science 10/28/2014 • Essential Question: How does
carbon dioxide emission affect global warming?
• Objectives – I can…• explain what the green house
effect is and how it causes global warming
• Bell Ringer – Take out your bell ringer paper for week 11. Copy the prompt down and answer it in a complete sentence.
• Write at least three questions about the diagram/picture.
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Agenda for today:
1. Complete presentations
2. 4th – 7th periods ONLY
1. Grade quizzes
3. Start notes on the Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
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The Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming8th Grade Science
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What is global warming?
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How Global Warming Works
Fossil fuels (coal, oil, natural gas)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
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The Sun’s energy passes through the car’s windshield.
This energy (heat) is trapped inside the car and cannot pass back through the windshield, causing the inside of the car to warm up.
Example of the Greenhouse Effect
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What’s the difference between “global warming” and “climate
change”?
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DifferenceGLOBAL WARMING
is the increase of the Earth’s average surface temperature due to a build-up of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
CLIMATE CHANGE is a broader term that
refers to long-term changes in climate, including average temperature and precipitation.
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Effects of Global WarmingIncreased Temperature
Habitat Damage and
Species Affected
Changes in Water Supply
Rising Sea Level
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What’s the proof that global warming is taking place?
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Portage Glacier
1914 2004
• Alaska
Photos: NOAA Photo Collection and Gary Braasch – WorldViewOfGlobalWarming.org
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Colorado River
• Arizona
June 2002 Dec 2003
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Why is global warming happening?
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Burning of Fossil Fuels
Pollution from coal, natural gas, and oilPollution from coal, natural gas, and oilPollution from coal, natural gas, and oil
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When did global warming start?
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Global Atmospheric Concentration of CO2
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What is carbon dioxide and how is it discovered?
Joseph Black, a Scottish chemist and physician, first identified carbon dioxide in the 1750s. At room temperatures (20-25 oC), carbon dioxide is an odourless, colorless gas, which is faintly acidic and non-flammable. Carbon dioxide is a molecule with the molecular formula CO2. The linear molecule consists of a carbon atom that is doubly bonded to two oxygen atoms, O=C=O.
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Applications of carbon dioxide by humans
Humans use carbon dioxide in many different ways. The most familiar example is its use in soft drinks and rootbeer, to make them fizzy. Carbon dioxide released by baking powder or yeast makes cake batter rise. Some fire extinguishers use carbon dioxide because it is denser than air. Carbon dioxide can blanket a fire, because of its heaviness.
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The part carbon dioxide plays in environmental processes
• Carbon dioxide plays an important part in vital plant and animal process, such as photosynthesis and respiration.
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Environmental problems - the greenhouse effect
• Greenhouse gasses absorb some of the heat and trap it near the earth's surface, so that the earth is warmed up.
• This process, commonly known as the greenhouse effect.• The amount of heat in the troposphere depends on
concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gasses and the amount of time these gasses remain in the atmosphere.
• The most important greenhouse gasses are carbon dioxide, CFC's (Chlor-Fluoro-Carbons), nitrogen oxides and methane.
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Carbon dioxide and health
The primary health dangers of carbon dioxide are:- Asphyxiation. Caused by the release of carbon dioxide in a confined or unventilated area. This can lower the concentration of oxygen to a level that is immediately dangerous for human health.- Frostbite. Solid carbon dioxide is always below -78 oC at regular atmospheric pressure, regardless of the air temperature. Handling this material for more than a second or two without proper protection can cause serious blisters, and other unwanted effects. Carbon dioxide gas released from a steel cylinder, such as a fire extinguisher, causes similar effects.- Kidney damage or coma. This is caused by a disturbance in chemical equilibrium of the carbonate buffer. When carbon dioxide concentrations increase or decrease, causing the equilibrium to be disturbed, a life threatening situation may occur.
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How is global warming measured?
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Ice Core DataIce Core Data
COCO22 Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica Measurements Before 1958 - Antarctica
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CO2 Atmospheric Measurements
CO2 Measurements Since 1958 – Mauna Loa, Hawaii
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Temperature (Northern Hemisphere) CO2 Concentrations
1000 Years of CO2 and Global Warming
De
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e
Ce
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Pa
rts
Pe
r M
illi
on
Year Year
10
00
1200
1400
1600
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2000
1000
1200
1400
1600
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2000
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Global Warming:Global Warming:
Shifting GearsShifting Gears
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2007
Goal: Reductions in CO2 Per Year
Bill
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2007Reductions
in CO2
Per Year
Gig
ato
n C
arb
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Produce electricity efficientlyUse electricity efficientlyVehicle efficiencySolar and Wind PowerBiofuelsCarbon capture and storage
Bill
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Our Goal
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What’s being done now to reduce our emissions?
Solar Power Wind Power Fuel-Efficiency
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We can stop global warming!
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What can you do to help solve the What can you do to help solve the problem?problem?
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Simple Things To Do
Turn off your computer or the TV when you’re not using it.
Take shorter showers. Heating water uses energy.
Keep rooms cool by closing the blinds, shades, or curtains.
Turn off the lights when you leave a room.
Use compact fluorescent bulbs.
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Be Bulb Smart—Use CFLs
IncandescentCompact
Fluorescent
500 lbs. of coal
What’s the difference?
•1,430 lbs. CO2 pollution avoided •$30 saved
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Simple Things To Do
Dress lightly when it’s hot instead of turning up
the air conditioning. Or use a fan.
Dress warmly when it’s cold instead of turning up the heat.
Offer to help your parents keep the air filters on
your AC and furnace clean.
Walk short distances instead of asking for a ride in the car.
Plant a tree. Recycle.