8th Grade Core Review

1. What are the reactants for photosynthesis?

A. Carbon dioxide and waterB. Carbon dioxide and nitrogenC. Oxygen and waterD. Oxygen and light

2. How many chemicals are products of photosynthesis?

• A. one• B. two• C. three• D. It depends on the amount of

light present

3. Which of the following is an inference about photosynthesis.

A. Water is needed to conduct photosynthesis.

B. The energy for photosynthesis comes from light.

C. Without photosynthesis, we would not have life on earth.

D. Plants like to conduct photosynthesis.

4. If scientists wanted to create a new system for producing oxygen in deep-sea exploration submarines, which system would be most effective?

A. Use plants under artificial lights to produce oxygen through photosynthesis.

B. Use plants under artificial lights to produce oxygen through respiration.

C. Use carbon from charcoal to filter the air inside the submarine.

D. Use bacteria to filter the air through symbiosis.

5. Why is coal not classified as a rock?

A. Because it can be burned for fuel.

B. Because it is made of compacted plant material – not minerals

C. Both A and B are correct

D. Coal IS classified as a rock

6. Where does the energy come from that changes sedimentary rock to metamorphic rock?

A. the sunB. sedimentsC. the Earth’s interiorD. the Earth’s magnetic field

7. What are the products of respiration?

A. sugar and oxygenB. oxygen and carbon dioxideC. carbon dioxide and waterD. carbon dioxide and sugar

8. Does photosynthesis involve a change in energy?

A. Yes, because light energy is converted to chemical energy

B. Yes, because chemical energy is converted to light energy.

C. No, because there is no movement involved.

D. No, because no physical changes can be seen during photosynthesis.

9. While digging a deep posthole along the Ben Lomond trail, you notice fossils of seashells and fish. This is evidence that

A. Sea creatures thrived in Utah deserts.

B. Utah’s surface was covered by water at one time.

C. Fossils were deposited here through sedimentation.

D. Utah’s climate was once a rainforest.

10. Acid rain is most likely to affect

A. Deer populations in Utah’s mountains.

B. Amphibian populations near a coal-burning factory

C. Parrot populations in Brazillian rain forests.

D. Duck populations in Montana.

11. If the temperature of a liquid is 20o C before a solid is added, and decreases to 15oC afterward, what conclusion can be

made?

A. The solid caused a physical change.

B. The solid caused a chemical change.

C. The liquid caused a physical change.

D. This data must be inaccurate.

12. Many television stations broadcast from Salt Lake City. Why would some TV channels have poor reception at Flaming Gorge or Lake Powell?

A. Being near water causes a decrease in the signal.

B. TV stations don’t want these locations to receive their broadcasts.

C. There is interference from radio stations in the area.

D. The TV signal loses energy as it moves away from the source.

13. What type of rock would contain fossils?

A. Metamorphic rock

B. Igneous rock

C. Sedimentary rock

D. It depends on the location

14. What two “ingredients” does your body need to conduct cellular respiration?

A. water and sugar

B. water and energy

C. sugar and oxygen

D. oxygen and water

15. Sometimes car tires react to changes in temperature. When will the tire look the “flattest”?

A. at -10o C

B. at 30o C

C. at 50oC

D. When frost is on the ground

16. When a geologist took a core sample in a Park City mining shaft, she determined that older layers were on top of younger layers. How could this be explained?

A. There was an extrusion in the layers.

B. The layers were re-mixed during the drilling process.

C. This could never happen, the sample must be upside down.

D. The layers were overturned by faulting and folding.

17. If oxygen is a product of photosynthesis, what would you expect to happen to oxygen levels inside a terrarium during daylight hours?

A. The oxygen level will increase

B. The oxygen level will decrease

C. The oxygen level will remain constant

D. It depends on the number of plants in the terrarium

18. If water is a reactant for photosynthesis, what would you expect to happen to the water level of the soil in a closed terrarium during daylight hours?

A. The water level will increase.

B. The water level will decrease.

C. The water level will not change.

D. The water level depends on the number of plants in the terrarium.

19. Which of these result from energy from the core of the earth transferring to the surface of the earth?

A. Wind and weather

B. Geysers and earthquakes

C. Eclipses and the tides

D. Weathering and sedimentation

20. If a mineral can be scratched by a nail (hardness 7), but not by a copper penny (hardness 3.5), what do you know about the mineral?

A. It is apatite (hardness 5)

B. It is fluorite (hardness 4)

C. Its hardness is between 3.5 and 7

D. Its hardness can’t be determined

21. A student has 50 ml of an unknown liquid in a beaker. She adds vinegar and yeast to the liquid, and bubbles begin to form. What caused this change?

A. The vinegarB. The yeastC. The combination of vinegar and

yeastD. It cannot be determined

22. Why is the process of photosynthesis so important to life on earth?A. Energy from the sun would burn us if plants

didn’t use it up.

B. The chemicals produced by plants during photosynthesis are used to make fossil fuels.

C. Plants must recycle carbon dioxide or the atmosphere would dissolve.

D. Nearly all living things depend on the energy converted from light energy to chemical energy by plants.

23. An astronaut weighs 200 lbs on the earth with a mass of 90 kg. His weight on the moon is 40 lbs. What would be his mass on the moon?

A 18 kgB 40 lbsC 90 kgD 200 lbs

24. Which of the following are ways in which humans influence other life forms?

A Humans educate students about scientific concepts.

B Humans burn coal in factories and the smoke causes acid rain.

C Humans build homes and other buildings in areas that used to be natural and “wild.” (Urban sprawl)

D both B and C are correct

25. If a worker uses a lever with a mechanical advantage of 2, and the distance between the fulcrum and the load is 40 cm, what is the distance between the fulcrum and the other end of the lever?

A. 20 cmB. 40 cmC. 80 cmD. It can’t be determined

26. Which of these human activities attempts to restore a natural environment?

A. mining for metalsB. building nesting boxes for ducksC. farming for wheatD. setting fire to a forest

27. Where are changes to an environment most critical?

A. at the top levels of a food chainB. at the tertiary consumer levelC. at the primary consumer levelD. at the producer level

28. Why are scientists concerned about the destruction of rain forests?

A. Much of the wood harvested is going to waste.

B. Many species of plants and animals are lost.

C. People living nearby cannot grow enough food.

D. Tourists can’t see the natural beauty anymore.

29. How would hunting predators to extinction in an environment alter the food web?

A. Few changes would result since predators are at the top of the web.

B. More plants would be able to grow and get larger.

C. Producers would decline as numbers of consumers increased.

D. Imbalances in other populations would occur.

30. When land is cleared for paving a parking lot, what happens to the ability of that land to support living things?

• A. the number and kind of living things will be greatly reduced.

• B. The number and kind of living things will be greatly increased.

• C. The organisms that once lived there will go to another place.

• The organisms that once lived there will become extinct.

31. What effect does the building of homes in the foothills have on the environment?

• A. There is not as much surface area to absorb water runoff.

• B. Plant roots that would hold soil in place are removed.

• C. Vegetation that provide food for deer are removed.

• D. All of the above.

32. If an earthquake’s epicenter was in North Ogden, which city would receive the most seismic energy?

A. Pleasant ViewB. LaytonC. LoganD. Salt Lake

33. Scientists observe salt forming crystals at the edges of the Great Salt Lake. They believe that crystals of geodes have formed in a similar manner. What are the scientists assuming?

A. Natural laws can change for various places on earth.

B. Natural laws operate differently today than they did in the past.

C. Natural laws operate the same today as they did in the past.

D. Natural laws of today can’t be compared with the past

34. Using current technology, scientists have determined that the Hawaiian islands are located directly above a weak spot in the crust. They also know that the Hawaiian islands are formed from volcanoes. What should scientists infer from this evidence?

A. Energy from the sun formed the islands.

B. Energy from Earth’s interior formed the islands.

C. Changes on Earth’s surface are not related to energy.

D. Earth’s surface does not change

35. Which processes change metamorphic rock to sedimentary rock?

A. heating and compactionB. cooling and compactionC. erosion and depositionD. erosion and melting

36. Scientists have discovered that as magma cools, less dense minerals often cool first, and leave cracks or veins where more dense minerals fill in. If a geologist is looking for a vein of gold, which type of rock should be analyzed first?

A. IgneousB. ErodedC. SedimentaryD. Metamorphic

37. Which statement is an inference about the processes of rock formation?

A. Igneous rocks form when magma cools and hardens.

B. Igneous rocks are pretty.C. Igneous rocks form crystalsD. Igneous rocks can often be found in

the same location as volcanoes.

38. Which source supplies energy to plants for their growth?

A. SoilB. FertilizerC. WaterD. Sunlight

39. Which change would decrease the mechanical advantage of an inclined plane?

A. Decrease the height of the inclined plane

B. Decrease the length of the inclined plane

C. Decrease the weight of the load moving up the inclined plane

D. Decrease the friction

40. A 5 kg log is burned in a firepit. The ash left over has a mass of only 1 kg. What happened to the other 4 kg of mass?

A. Nothing, the ash is just less dense.

B. It escaped as a gas.C. It escaped as oxygen.D. The mass was used up.

41. Infrared cameras are sometimes used to locate lost hikers because they can detect heat energy. What else could these cameras be used for?

A. Finding fish underwaterB. Detecting bacteria on a cutting

boardC. Locating the lost TV remoteD. Locating a break in a steam pipe

42. What force keeps a polar bear from sliding on the ice?

A. frictionB. angular momentumC. gravityD. mass

43. Sometimes, Utah Fish and Game allows female deer and elk to be shot during hunting season to reduce the herd size. Based on a simple food chain model, how would vegetation be affected by these special hunts?

A. Amount of vegetation would increaseB. Amount of vegetation would decreaseC. Amount of vegetation would remain the

sameD. Amount of vegetation can’t be predicted

44. When Mt. St. Helens erupted, a huge cloud of ash and dust covered the sky for days, then settled on plant leaves, blocking out the sun. Which statement best explains why plants in this area died?

A. Plant seeds could not germinateB. Plant leaves could not withstand the

heatC. Plant stems were brokenD. Plants could not obtain the energy

they needed to grow

45. If a person paid for a trip on the space shuttle, how would Earth’s gravitational force on that person change while in the space shuttle?

A. It would increaseB. It would decreaseC. It would not changeD. It depends on the weight of the

space shuttle