793 - monastery on lindisfarne island (ne england) is raided

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- monastery on Lindisfarne island (NE England) is raided

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793 - monastery on Lindisfarne island (NE England) is raided . - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

793 - monastery on Lindisfarne island (NE England) is raided

Page 2: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

“In this year fierce, foreboding omens came over the land of Northumbria. There were excessive whirlwinds, lightning storms, and fiery dragons were seen flying in the sky. These signs were followed by great famine, and on January 8th the ravaging of heathen men destroyed God's church at Lindisfarne.”

Anglo-Saxon Chronicle, 793

Doomsday, as imagined by those under constant threat of Viking raids (remind you of anything?)

Page 3: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

793 - monastery on Lindisfarne island (NE England) is raided

840-841 - Norwegians overwintered in British Isles; continue to do so increasinglythrough the 850s

865 - “Great Heathen Army” (Danish) led by Ivar the Boneless, Halfdan and Guthrum, arrive in East Anglia and set up winter quarters; cross to Northumbriaand capture Jorvik / York

Page 4: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

Codex Aureus(mid 8th c gospel book)

added inscription (OE)telling how the book was purchased from a Viking army‘because we were not willingthat these holy books shouldremain any longer in heathen hands’

Page 5: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

793 - monastery on Lindisfarne island (NE England) is raided

840-841 - Norwegians overwintered in British Isles; continue to do so increasinglythrough the 850s

865 - “Great Heathen Army” (Danish) led by Ivar the Boneless, Halfdan and Guthrum, arrive in East Anglia and set up winter quarters; cross to Northumbriaand capture Jorvik / York

876 - AS Chronicle says warriors “proceeded to plough and support themselves”

878- Alfred defeats the Danes at Edington; as a term of the surrender, Alfred insists Guthrum be baptized and serves as his Godfather

Page 6: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

the Gosforth crossCumbria

14’ 6” tall

scenes from the Bibleand Scandinavian mythology

ca. 900-950

Page 7: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

793 - monastery on Lindisfarne island (NE England) is raided

840-841 - Norwegians overwintered in British Isles; continue to do so increasinglythrough the 850s

865 - “Great Heathen Army” (Danish) led by Ivar the Boneless, Halfdan and Guthrum, arrive in East Anglia and set up winter quarters; cross to Northumbriaand capture Jorvik / York

876 - AS Chronicle says warriors “proceeded to plough and support themselves”

878- Alfred defeats the Danes at Edington; as a term of the surrender, Alfred insists Guthrum be baptized and serves as his Godfather

886- Treaty of Alfred the Great and Guthrum creates (what will be known as) theDanelaw

Page 8: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided
Page 9: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

793 - monastery on Lindisfarne island (NE England) is raided

840-841 - Norwegians overwintered in British Isles; continue to do so increasinglythrough the 850s

865 - “Great Heathen Army” (Danish) led by Ivar the Boneless, Halfdan and Guthrum, arrive in East Anglia and set up winter quarters; cross to

Northumbriaand capture Jorvik / York

876 - AS Chronicle says warriors “proceeded to plough and support themselves”

878- Alfred defeats the Danes at Edington; as a term of the surrender, Alfred insists Guthrum be baptized and serves as his Godfather

886 - Treaty of Alfred the Great and Guthrum creates (what will be known as) theDanelaw

892 – The Great Danish Army (250 ship) encamps in Kent; moment of crisis for the English, but they defend themselves respectably and the

Vikingseventually break up

Page 10: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

910 s – Edward the Elder and his sister Aethelflaed conquer Danish territories inthe Midlands and East Anglia (but some Danes allowed to keep their lands)

917- Viking invaders from Ireland take Jorvik

947 - a new wave of Danish Vikings take Jorvik, led by Erik Bloodaxe

954- Erik Bloodaxe driven out of Northumbria, ending Viking rule

980s - raids on England which were likely originating in Ireland

990s – raiding again picks up, attraction of England greater than ever as commercethrives (silver especially) – but raiders often just bought off

994 – Vikings hired as mercenaries by the English king for the first time – to protect against other Vikings

Page 11: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

Scandinavian place-namesin England

concentrated in the North-East

Page 12: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

910 s – Edward the Elder and his sister Aethelflaed conquer Danish territories inthe Midlands and East Anglia (but some Danes allowed to keep their lands)

917- Viking invaders from Ireland take Jorvik

947 - a new wave of Danish Vikings take Jorvik, led by Erik Bloodaxe

954- Erik Bloodaxe driven out of Northumbria, ending Viking rule

980s - raids on England which were likely originating in Ireland

990s – raiding again picks up, attraction of England greater than ever as commercethrives (silver especially) – but raiders often just bought off

994 – Vikings hired as mercenaries by the English king for the first time – to protect against other Vikings

1013- after returning several times to collect tribute, Sven Forkbeard conquers England

1013 -1035 - reign of Sven Forkbeard’s son, Cnut the Great of Denmark, Norway,part of Sweden and England

Page 13: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

The extent of Cnut of Denmark’s rule = The North Sea Empire

Page 14: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

1042 - English king of England again, Edward the Confessor; Norwegians who had settled all over England rebel in support of Magnus (the newNorwegian king) (but they fail)

Page 15: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

Scandinavian place-namesin England

concentrated in the North-East

Page 16: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

1042 - English king of England again, Edward the Confessor; Norwegians who had settled all over England rebel in support of Magnus (the newNorwegian king) and then his uncle Harold Hardrada (but they fail)

1066- Edward the Confessor dies, Harold Godwinson takes over English throne;Harald Hardrada invades (with the help of HG’s brother) but isdefeated at the Battle of Stamford Bridge= the end of the Viking era in England … ?

3 weeks later, Battle of Hastings puts William the Conqueror andthe Normans in control of England (Normandy had been settled by Vikings)

Page 17: 793   -   monastery on  Lindisfarne  island (NE England) is raided

Jorvik excavationCoppergate imagined

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Viking village reconstructed

belt fasteners disc brooches