Green Cities: Towards a Sustainable Urban Future

Sonia Chand Sandhu Senior Environmental Specialist

SEUW

Eco-Cities and Integrated Planning

Ramola Singru Urban Development Consultant

RSID

GREEN CITIES - A paradigm shift

Urban Renewal linked to LED Economic development & Innovative

finance mechanisms

Demand driven change Education and skills development

GREEN CITIES for IMT-GT Region

Malaysia :

• Green Commitment on Carbon reduction

– Melaka Blueprint 2020 : Green Technology City State

– City of Melaka: Towards a low carbon green City 2020

Thailand :

• 11th National Economic and Social Development Plan for a “Peaceful society under equitability, justice, and resilience towards changes”

– Songkhla Province Green Initiative Plan.

– Songkhla Municipality Green Projects

ADB Urban Operational Plan 2012

Integrated Urban Sustainability Assessments (IUSAs)

3E Approach - Environment, Economy, Equity

Adoption of Green Technologies and Options

Steinberg, F and Lindfield, M (2012), Green Cities, ADB

Green Cities Toolkit

PHASE 1: SETTING THE URBAN CONTEXT - CITY PROFILING

PHASE 2: PRIORITIZATION AND OPTIONS PHASE 3: PROJECTS / PROGRAMS

Strategic Investments

Integrated Sustainable

Urban Development

Sustainable Transport

Energy Efficiency

What are Intelligent Systems?

Integrated Planning

and Implementation

Green Policies

Smart Technology

INTEGRATED PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTATION

GREEN POLICIES

CLEAN AND SMART TECHNOLOGIES

GREEN FINANCING

INSTITUTIONAL STRUCTURES AND CAPACITY

Institutional Structure

Green Finance

Green Cities Indicators

• Green City Index

• Sector wise indicators – Urban Planning and

management

– Built Infrastructure

– Water

– Sanitation, Storm water

– Solid Waste Management

– Transport

– Energy

– Disaster Risk Management

– DMF indicators in each sector

• Green Cities Score Card – Monitoring quality of life

indicators

– Performance based reporting

Asian Green City Index

Transport

CO2

emissions

(tons/person)

Energy

consumption

per US$ GDP

Popn density

(persons/km2)

Green spaces

per person

(m2/person)

Superior public

transport network

(km/km2)

% of waste collected

and adequately

disposed

Waste

generated

(kg/person/year)

Water

consumption

(liters/person/day)

Water

system

leakages (%)

Population

with access to

sanitation (%)

Share of

wastewater

treated (%)

AVERAGE INDEX - - - 4.6 6.0 8228.8 38.6 0.17 82.8 325.2 277.6 22.2 70.1 59.9

BANGKOK 5.7 1,568.7 9095.4 6.7 6.1 3,607.4 3.3 0.04 62.9 534.8 340.2 35.0 51.0 12.2

BEIJING 17.6 16,410.5 10,136.7 8.2 12.3 1,069.4 88.4 0.02 95.4 394.7 218.1 12.5 70.4 80.3

BENGALURU 7.1 709.5 2,066.3 0.5 4.6 10,034.0 41.0 0.00 80.0 266.5 73.0 39.0 53.0 42.4

DELHI 17.4 1,483.0 2,004.1 1.1 7.7 11,733.0 18.8 0.08 93.6 146.8 208.7 40.0 54.0 55.0

GUANGZHOU 7.9 3,843.4 16,834.1 9.2 11.7 2,067.5 166.3 0.07 88.2 415.1 527.2 14.8 79.0 74.1

HANOI 6.5 3,344.6 1,739.60 1.9 9.5 1935.1 11.2 0.00 95.0 282.0 53.1 45.0 40.0 10.0

HONG KONG 7.0 1,104.4 29,990.5 5.4 1.5 6,363.3 105.3 0.24 100.0 434.3 371.2 21.0 93.0 98.0

JAKARTA 9.2 664.0 7,636.4 1.2 2.4 13,889.9 2.3 0.19 35.0 291.5 77.6 50.2 67.0 1.0

KARACHI 14.5 3,527.0 5,379.3 3.1 7.8 4,111.1 17.0 0.00 82.7 229.0 164.5 25.0 57.0 22.0

KOLKATA 15.6 1,851.0 1,414.1 1.5 4.0 8,451.6 1.8 0.05 80.0 282.0 137.8 35.0 52.0 20.0

KUALA LUMPUR 1.7 243.0 12,365.0 7.2 5.0 6811.1 43.9 0.27 57.5 815.7 497.2 37.0 70.0 0.0

MANILA 11.6 636.0 5365.3 1.6 4.0 18165.1 4.5 0.05 76.9 247.6 154.8 35.9 12.0 21.0

MUMBAI 12.7 468.0 2,184.3 1.0 6.5 27,136.8 6.6 0.00 32.4 209.0 250.0 13.6 42.0 67.6

NANJING 7.7 6,582.3 7,284.9 5.7 10.50 1,171.8 108.4 0.01 85.8 218.3 341.4 11.6 64.7 86.0

OSAKA 2.7 222.3 70,927.4 7.6 1.6 11,981.2 4.5 0.62 100.0 573.4 417.9 6.9 100.0 100.0

SEOUL 10.5 605.3 19,597.1 3.7 3.2 17,288.8 23.4 0.94 100.0 995.6 311.0 7.0 100.0 82.0

SHANGHAI 19.2 6,340.5 11,463.7 9.7 14.8 3,030.2 18.1 0.07 82.3 369.5 411.1 10.2 72.5 78.4

SINGAPORE 5 710.3 36,519.6 7.4 2.9 7,025.2 66.2 0.21 100.0 306.6 308.5 4.6 100.0 100.0

TAIPEI 2.7 271.8 48,400.0 4.2 1.4 9,789.9 49.6 0.55 100.0 304.0 342.0 22.0 99.0 77.4

TOKYO 13.0 2,187.7 70,759.6 4.8 1.2 5,946.9 10.6 0.14 100.0 375.1 320.2 3.1 99.4 100.0

WUHAN 8.4 8,494.4 8,093.9 5.1 10.0 983.6 20.9 0.00 74.0 262.9 281.0 14.2 66.5 90.4

Waste Water Sanitation

CITYTotal pop’n

(in million)

Administrative

area (km2)

GDP per person

(in US$)

Energy and CO2 Land use and buildings

Source: Asian Green City Index: Assessing the environmental performance of Asia's major cities (Economist Intelligence Unit, 2011)

• Resource utilization

• Environmental management

• Quality of life

• Urban planning

CHALLENGE

Sustainable Green City Integrated Urban Management

RESILIENT URBAN

SERVICES

SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORT

ENERGY EFFICIENCY

URBAN DENSIFICATION AND MIXED USES, GREEN INDUSTRIES

ENERGY EFFICIENCY – BUILDINGS, UTILITIES, APPLIANCES

PUBLIC SPACES – CITY GREENING, AIR QUALITY

RESILIENT URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE- WATSAN, WASTE

URBAN FORM – WALKABILITY, LIGHTING & SAFETY

PUBLIC & NON-MOTORISED TRANSPORT

CITY FOR ALL - QUALITY OF LIFE Image Source: CTS Mexico

SNAPSHOT: GREEN CITY ACTION PLAN

Green City System

Green Cities Initiative – Potential Projects N

ATIO

NAL

Green Growth Strategy and Policy

Clean Energy incentives

Energy Efficiency Codes and Certification

Resource Management

CIT

Y

Resilient Urban Infrastructure

Urban Renewal

Heritage Conservation

Energy efficient Buildings

Sustainable Transport

Clean Energy, Renewable Energy, Waste to Energy

CO

RPO

RATE

Green Technology

Integrated Land development

Green Industries

Energy Efficient construction

PPP’s in Transport, Land development, Utilities

RESID

EN

TIA

L

Energy Efficient homes and appliances

Passive cooling

Mixed Use Developments

Greenways

Neighbourhood Greening

Community Based Initiatives

Rainwater Harvesting

Achieving Sustainable Green Cities

INVESTMENTS

INTEGRATED URBAN PLANNING

RESILIENT URBAN SERVICES

TOURISM

SOCIAL CAPITAL

GREEN GROWTH &

NATURAL CAPITAL

SHORT TERM

Green City Action Plan

Non-revenue water,

Green Building Certification

Urban Renewal

Heritage Conservation

Vocational Training

Skills Development

Green Industry

Energy Efficiency

LONG TERM

Sustainable Green Cities

Improved quality of life

Regional Tourism circuits

Enhanced institutional capacity

Green Jobs

Implementation Framework Urban Management Partnership

Finance Facility for Urban Infrastructure

National and State

Government

ADB +

Global Funds

Private Sector

Learning Partnerships

Cities

States and

National Governments

ADB + Global

Institutions

National Government

• Viability Gap for PPPs

• Tax Incentives

• Enabling Laws & Regulations

• FX Cover

Green Financing for Cities

ADB + Global Funds

• Debt / Equity • Longer Tenor Funding • Project Financing

Refinanced with Private Sector

• Credit enhancement

• Partial Loss Guarantee • Political Risk

Guarantee

Co-Financing from Private Investors:

• Local private sector banks

• Pension funds

• Insurance funds

• Islamic investors

Specialist Green Investors /

Donors • Social impact

investors • NGOs • Corporations (CSR) Attractive Financing for Cities’

Green Infrastructure Projects

Green Urban Infrastructure

Partnership Financing

Facility

Sustainable Transport Example

Variation of Eco-Industrial Parks (EIP)

Smart Technologies for Energy Efficiency

Wuxi Suntech PV R&D Center

‘Ubiquitous’ city - New Songdo, Incheon,

South Korea

• Towards carbon neutral

cities:

• Future applications of

glass facades as solar

panels

Solar Panels at Tianjin Eco-City

Can we retrofit Asia’s cities into

a sustainable green future?

We look forward to working with you!

Starting now . . .