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, 2011 - : , 83-84. 2) , , , , ,

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, , 21(2010), 453-483; Id., ,, 72(2013), 385-407. , , ,

, ( : , 2008). , , , , , , 25(2012), 5-34; , , , 102(2013), 10-40.

, , ,, 18(1996), 69-77; , , ,

18(1996), 50-68; , , , 18(1996), 29-49; , , , 9(1998), 162-187.

. H. Carrier, “From the class war to the culture of solidarity: a fundamental theme of the church’s social teaching”, in Vatican II: assessment and perspectives, ed., R. Latourelle, (NJ: Paulist, 1989), 466-481; Njoku Uzochukwa Jude, “Re-thinking solidarity as a principle of Catholic social teaching”, Political Theology, 9(2008), 525-544; M. Eichinger, “Solidarität als soteriologische Kategorie auf dem II Vatikanum”, in Kirche und Theologie im kulturellen Dialog, (Freiburg: Herder, 1994), 311-326.

. , Vincent Mulago gwa Cikala Musharhamina, “Solidarité africanie et coresponsabilité chrétienne à la lumière de Vatican II”, in Foi Chrétienne et langage humain, (Kinshasa, Zaire: Faculté Théologie Catholique, 1978), 86-134. , Gregory Baum, “The Church in solidarity with the world religions”, Ecumenism, 151(2003), 5-8.

3) : 2013. 5. 18. , , : http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/it/speeches/2013/may/documents/papa-francesco_20130518_veglia-pentecoste.html(

: 2013. 5. 30); 2013. 9. 10. (Astali) : http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/it/speeches/2013/september/documents/papa-francesco_20130910_centro-astalli.html( : 2013. 9. 12); 18 (2 7 (58.65.68.71.75.87), 4 2

9 (187.188(2 ).189(2 ).190.196.203), 4 3 1 (228), 4 1 (240)); Laudato, si’, http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/it/encyclicals/documents/papa-francesco_20150524_enciclica-laudato-si.html( : 2015. 8. 1).

, .

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4) , (2013. 9. 22), nn. 14, 58, 142, 158, 159, 162(2 ), 172, 210, 227, 232, 240. http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/it/speeches/2013/september/documents/papa-francesco_20130922_emarginati-cagliari.html( : 2013. 10. 1).

5) 12 , Summi Pontificatus(1939. 10. 20), AAS 31(1939), 413-453: 23 , Mater et Magistra(1961. 5. 15), AAS 53(1961), 101-463; , nn. 31, 32, 57, 81;

, nn. 8, 14, 16, 21; , nn. 21, 36; 6 Populorum Progressio(1967. 3. 26), AAS 59(1967), 257-299; , Instruzione sulla libertà cristiana e la liberazione Libertatis conscientia(1986. 3. 22). AAS 79(1987), 554-599; 2 , Sollicitudo Rei Socialis(1987. 12. 30), AAS 80(1988), 513-586.

, , ,

. . 9a ‘ ’

. LG 9a2

. LG 9a

.

1 2 “ ”.

, ( 10,35 ).

, (LG 9a).

2 . , , , “

” . 2(9-12 ), , -

(13-17 ).

LG 9a ‘De Ecclesia(schema I)’.6)

23, (mons. Philips)

(schema II).7) 2 (1963. 9. 29) ,

. 3 ‘ , ’ (10.16-25)

, , .

10 2 ‘ ’ , (Suenens) .8) (Silva

Henriquez) 44 ,9) (Schroeffer) 69

. ( 2 ).10)

, .

, , ,

6) ‘ (Sottocommissione de Ecclesia)’ (1960. 11. 26) 14 ‘De Ecclesia’ , 11(AS, I/4, 12-91) , (1962. 11. 23), 2 1 7 .

7) , F. Gil Hellín, Concilii Vaticani II synopsis, (Città del Vaticano, 1995), 694-714. , Leger , Browne , Garrone, Parente, Charue, Schroeffer

. I) , II) , III) , IV) . AS II/I, 215-281.

8) : I) De Ecclesiae mysterio, II) de Populo Dei in genere, III) de constitutione hierarchica Ecclesiae, IV) de laicis in specie, V) de vocatione ad sanctitatem in Ecclesia. AS II/I, 324-329 . 1 2 3 2

, LG 9 . , , Candidus Padin (AS II/III, 27).

9) AS II/I, 366.10) Schroeffer (50 , 1963. 10. 17), AS II/III, 70; Carol Wojtyla (52 ,

1963. 10. 21), AS II/III, 154.

.11) ‘ ’‘ ’

, , - .12) 2 1964 6

,13) 1963 10 2(Sottocommisisone centrale), 10 24 11

8 , 2‘ 2 (Sottocommissio II)’ .

(Schema III) 1964 7 , 31964 9 15 80 ,

.14) 2,15) 1 ‘

11) , Schroeffer : AS II/III, 70-72.12) Marcellus M. Dubois ‘ ’ .

, , ,

, . : AS II/III, 24-25. (Schema III 2 : AS III/I, 208), LG 13( ), 14( ), 15( - ), 16( ), 17( )

. 13) 8 (Commissione particolare) ,

, , Commissione coordinamento, . 2

2 ‘ ’ , 32 . , U.

Betti, “Cronistoria della Costituzione”, in La Chiesa del Vaticano II, ed., G. Baraúna, (Firenze: Vallecchi, 1965), 131-154. Charles Moeller, “Il fermento delle idee nella elaborazione della Costituzione”, in La Chiesa del Vaticano II, ed., G. Baraúna, (Firenze: Vallecchi, 1965), 155-189; Otto Hermann Pesch, Il Concilio Vaticano II, prehistoria, svolgimento, risultati, sotira post-conciliari, (Brescia: Queriniana, 2005), 127-143.

14) 2 ‘Subcommissio II’ , Santos, Garrone, Dearden, Griffiths, Congar, Rerrigan, Naud, Reuter, Sauras, Witte .

Congar, Sauras, Witte . : AS III/I, 208.15) AS III/I, 208. ‘ ’

. 1) , - ‘ ’

. 2) ,

’ .16)

. ‘ ’

, 1.

, ‘ (de Populo Dei)’ , .

. 1 1 .,

, .

, .17) (in sua totalite) ,

, .

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. 3) ‘ populus’ ,

. 4) . 5)

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16) AS III/I, 209-210.17) ,

. Charles moeller, “Il fermento delle idee nella elavorazione della Costituzione”, 155-189, 175 .

, , . , , . .

, 1. 2

, (inter tempora) . 2

, (sacerdotium universale, ) , , .

, , , , , . ,

, . , , - ,

, .

‘ ’ 2 (1964. 9. 17) (Garrone)

.18)

‘ ’ 39 , 16 1172 2

. ?

?

18) 82 , AS III/I, 500-501. , ,

, (inter tempora, ad finem beatum progrediens, in statu nempe historico) .

‘ ’ 21961 1 2 J. Backes ‘

’ , “De Corpore Christi mystico et de Populo Dei(1 24)”, “De Ecclesia secundum quod consideratur tamquam populus Dei Novo

Testamento constitutus(2 25 )” . .

(3 3 ), ,19) 3 .

II,

‘ ’ . , (Leo Arturus Elchinger) 2

.20) . , ,

,

.21) ,

, ,

. , (GS 30) .22)

19) Y. Congar, “D’une ‘Ecclésiologie en gestion’ à Lumen Gentium chap. I et II”, in Kirche im Wachstum des Glaubens, ed., O. H. Pesch H-.D. Langer, (Freiburg, 1971), 371.

20) 3 50 (1963. 10, 17), AS II/III, 30-33.21) AS II/III, 31.22) (Henry David Thoreau, 1817-1862), (Ayn Rand, 1935-1982)

, 60 . ,

, .

. , , .

2 ,

. II.

2. LG 9a .

Schema II, n. 2 Schema III, n. 9Filium autem Pater suum ad hoc praedestinavit (cf. Rom. 1,4), ut de populo / electo secundum carnem natus, omnes sua morte redimeret, fratresque suos in filios Patris constitueret,

eosque non tantum singulatim, quavis mutua connexione seclusa, sanctificaret, sed in Populum Dei, novum genus electum, regale sacerdotium, gentem / sanctam (1Pt. 2,9)

Omnes autem electos pater ante saecula “praescivit et praedestinavit conformes fieri imagines / Filii sui, ut sit Ipse primogenitus in multis fratribus(Rom 8,29)” [--> LG 2]

Placuit tamen Deo homines non singulatim, quavis mutua connexione seclusa, sanctificare et salvare, sed eos in populum constituere, qui in veritate Ipsum agnosceret Ipsique sancte serviret [-->LG 9a]

LG 9a II 1 ( ) 2. 2

Henry David Thoreau, , ( : , 1988); Ayn Rand, The Fountainhead, (Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1943).

. ,

. , ,

. 1960 (Milton Friedman, 1912-2006). : Laurent

Alain, , , ( : , 2001), 119-139.

, ,

.23) ‘ ’ .

, ‘’ . 2 , 2 1

‘ ’ . LG 9a 1 ‘’ .

. , ( 4,11-16; 1

12,26 ) . 19, 1940

, .

4,24) 20

.25) ,

.26)

23) AS II/I, 229-231.24) ,

, . Otto Hermann Pesch, Il

Concilio Vaticano secondo, (Brescia: Queriniana, 2005), 127-134; Otto Semmelroth, “La Chiesa, nuovo popolo di Dio”, in La Chiesa del Vaticano II, ed., G. Baraúna (Firenze: Vallecchi, 1965), 440-441.

25) M.D. Koster, Volk Gottes im Werden, 1940. 26) . ,

(Gonzalez, archep. Caesaraugustanus), AS II/III, 184-186; , AS II/III, 92. : G. Caprile, Il Concilio Vaticano II, III, (Roma: Civiltà cattolica, 166), 30. 117.

, -

, . : W. Kasper, Chiesa

“ ”- -

.27) ,

, 1 , .

2 (LG 9a) “” .

, ‘’ ‘ ’ .

II 2 ‘ , (1 2,9)’

cattolica, (Brescia: Queriniana, 2012), 197; P. Rodríguez, “Verso una considerazione cristologica e pneumatologica del Popolo di Dio” in L’Ecclesiologia trent’anni dopo la “Lumen Gentium”, Id., ed., (Roma: Armando Editore, 1995), 153.1985 , 2 ‘ ’

. , ,

. A. Dulles (P. Rodríguez, “Verso una considerazione cristologica e pneumatologica del Popolo di Dio”, 177).

, 1 . 2 9. : S. Pié-Ninot, Credere Chiesa,

(Milano: San Paolo, 2002), 12-16; J. A. Komonchak, “Concepts of Communion. Past and Presents”, Cristianesimo nella Storia, 16(1995), 321-340.

27) P. Rodríguez, “Verso una considerazione cristologica e pneumatologica del Popolo di Dio”, 149-178.

. ‘ (Communitas sacerdotalis, LG 11)’.

II 3 242 10 .

.28) , ‘

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, .29)

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( ),

.30)

‘ ’ ‘ ’ ‘ , (basi,leion iera,teuma), , ’

1 2,9 . ‘ ’

28) II (Silva Henriquez) 44 , , (

38 (1963. 10. 1), AS II/I, 366). 50 (1963. 10. 17) (Compagnone)(AS II/III, 43), (Schroeffer) 69 (AS II/III, 70-72), (AS II/III, 9), (Jaramillo, )(AS II/III, 213-215)

.29) 50 (1963. 10. 17), (Rastouil, ep. Lemovicencis) , AS II/III, 11-14.30) AS II/III, 43.

(1 2,4-10) ,

. “ , ” 70 , “ ( ) , basi,leion iera,teuma kai e,qnoj a,gion” ,

‘ basi,leion iera,teuma’ . . ,

, . ‘ iera,teuma’ ,31)

(organismo sacerdotale) .32) , ,

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“”

31) iera,teuma 1 2,5.9 . H. Goldstein, “ iera,teuma”, in Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament, II, ed., Horst Balz-Gerhard Schneider, 173-174.

32) Albert Vanhoye, Il sacerdozio comune dei cristiani, (Roma: AdP, 2011), 15.33) W. Kasper, Chiesa Cattolica, 321; “ iera,teuma”, in TDNT, II, 249. tekni,teuma

“ iera,teuma” . ‘ ’‘ ’ ‘ priesty fellowship’

.

. ‘ ’ ‘ ’, ‘ ’, ‘’ . ‘ ’

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(testimonium) .36) “

34) Albert Vanhoye, Il sacerdozio comune dei cristiani, 15-21.35) Albert Vanhoye, Il sacerdozio comune dei cristiani, 20-25. ,

( : LG 40). 36) “ ”, in TDNT, II, 251.

.” ,

, LG 9a. “ [ ]

.”

. 2

, . II

.37)

. “ ,

” .38)

, ‘ (Sacerdotium universale)’. (quod universa complectitur) ,

, .39) ,

37) , . : AS II/III, 194.

38) AS II/III, 70-72.39) Bacci (AS II/II, 637),

(generico, improprio) . , , ,

sacerdotio universale . AS III/I, 194.

‘ (spirituale) ’, ‘ (interius) ’,

‘ (commune) ’, ‘(inchoativum) ’, ‘ (quoddam) ’ .40)

‘ ’ , ‘ ’

, ‘ sacerdotio commune’ .41) ‘

’ .

(LG 10-11) .42) .

“ (essentia non grado tantum gradu different)” ( II n. 24; LG 10).

, ‘gradus’ ‘ ( ), grado/grade’ .

“ , ” .43)

40) ‘sacerdotio inchoativum’ Caggiano (AS II/III, 174), ‘sacerdotium commune’ Draugin Nezic(AS II/II, 511), ‘Spirituale’ Câmara(AS II/III, 57), ‘quoddam sacerdotium’ Sepinski(AS II/III. 545) . ‘sacerdotio interius’(Pars II, cap.7, n. 284)

.41) ‘ ( )’ ‘ ’ sacerdotium commune

. ‘ ’, Sacerdotium universalis

. sacerdotium communesacerdotium commune .

Sacerdotium universalis , . (

) , . .

sacerdotium universale , .

. W. Kasper, Chiesa Cattolica, : 323-325.42) : (Lefebre) , AS II/III, 220.

, (efformat ac regit),

. , (concorrono), , ,

(LG 10b). , , , ,

. , ,

. , ,

.44) (primacy) , ,

.45)

,

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.48)

43) Commissione Teologica Internazionale, “Temi scelti d'Ecclesiologia”, 313.44) : W. Kasper, Chiesa Cattolica, 385. gradus , ,

, ‘ ’ . ‘ ( )’

‘ ( ), ’ , .

45) : Commissione Teologica Internazionale, “Temi scelti d'Ecclesiologia”, 313.46) AS II/III, 14, “Ista trama est sacerdotium”.47) Alfonsus Uribe Jaramillo , AS II/III, 213-214.

, ,

.

‘ ’ (2,17; 3,1; 4,11.15; 5,10; 6,20, ) . ‘ ’

.49) ,

‘ ’ .50) “.

, .” ( 2,17) “

(ovmoio,w)” . , , .51)

, . “(sumpaqh/sai) ,

, ( 4,15).”. sumpaqh/sai

‘ ’ , ‘ ’, ‘ (compatire)’, ( ),

48) (Jaeger) , AS II/III, 93. 49) 15,16 ‘ ’ .

“ , (~ierourgou/nta) .

.” 50) : Albert Vanhoye, Il Sacerdozio comune dei cristiani, 26-30. 51) : Hans Urs von Balthasar, Mysterium Salutis, (San Francisco: Ignatius Press, 2000), 20-23.

“ , .”

(fellow-feeling) .52) , ‘ ’

. ‘ ’ .53) 2 32. 1 2

. . (humanae consortionis particeps), , . ,

, , , .

, . ‘ ’ , ,

. ‘ ’, ‘ ’, ‘ ’, ‘ ’ .

. ,

(descendit ad inferna) ‘ ’, ‘ ’.54)

‘ ’ ‘ ’, ‘ ’.

52) sumpaqh/sai sympathy fellow-feeling . sympathy

. sumpaqh/saifellow-feeling( )

, ‘ ’ . sympathie , , , ( : , 2006).

, , , , , , 25(2012), : 5-34.

53) , W. Kasper, , 385-407; B. Sesboüé, Gesù Cristo l’unico mediatore- sulla redenzione e la salvezza, I, (Milano: Edizioni Paoline, 1991), 405-427; Hans Urs von Balthasar, Mysterium Salutis, 20-23, 94-95, 101-105.

54) W. Kasper, , 404; Hans Urs von Balthasar, Mysterium Salutis, 148-165.

, , . ( 2,6-11),

‘ ’ (15,18), ‘ ’ ‘ ’ (2 8,9).

. (inferna), .

, ,

.55) 2 “

, ”.56)

.

. . ‘ ’

.

,

. (substitute)‘ (vicarius) .57) ‘ ’ ‘ ’

,

55) B. Sesboüé, Gesù Christo l’unico medatore- sulla redenzione e la salvezza, I, 416.56) 2 , Sollicitudo rei socialis (1987. 12. 30), n. 38: AAS 80(1988), 565-566.57) : W. Kasper, , 385-407.

.58) , .

.

. .59) ‘ , ’

-, , , ,

. -,

. , , ,

.60) ,

. .

, .

( 2,17; 4,14-16). . A. Vanhoye 5

.61) ,

58) : W. Kasper, , 401.59) : B. Sesboüé, “Solidarity”, in Encyclopedia of Christian Theology, III, (New York: Routledge,

2005) 1490; W. Kasper, , 398.60) : W, Kasper, , 404-407.61) Albert Vanhoye, Il sacerdozio comune dei cristiani, 29-50.

, 12, ,

,

. .

, .

. ‘ ’ ( 5,9), “ ,

” ( 10,14). A. Vanhoye ‘’ ‘ ’ ,

, . (consacrare),

, .62) ,

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.63)

62) Albert Vanhoye, Il sacerdozio comune dei cristiani, 32-3363) 10,19, “ ( ) .”

Vanhoye,

‘ ’ . ,

.

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.

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. . . ( 10,22-24).

, , ,

. “ , ”

9a .

‘ ’. Albert Vanhoye, Il sacerdozio comune dei cristiani, 35.

64) Albert Vanhoye, Il sacerdozio comune dei cristiani, 32.

“ ” 2 .65)

1 , .

,

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65) Commissione teologica internazionale, “Temi Scelti d'Ecclesiologia”, in Documenti 1969-2004, (Bologna: ESD, 2006), 287-289.

. , , .

, , .

. , ,

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.

(LG 9 ). ‘ ’ (LG 8a).

,

. .66) ‘ ’ ‘ ’

‘ ’ , .67) (LG 5)

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. , (friendship)

66) D. Vitali, Esistenza Cristiana, (Brescia: Querinaia, 2001), 211-243. 67) J. Ratzinger, “Sources and transmission of the faith”, Communio(Washinton), 10(1983), 17-34. 68) : S. Dianich, “‘De caritate Ecclesia’, Introduzione ad una tema inconsueto”, 27-107.

. , .

, .

, .

. ,

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‘ ’ (LG 9).70) ,

. , ,

, , , , , ‘ ’

. “ , ”

(GS 1). , ,

(LG 31 ).

69) Raú Berzosa Martínez, “Sacerdocio bautismal”, in Diccionario del Sacerdocio, ed., Profesores de la facultad de Teolgía de Burgos, (Madrid: BAC, 2005), 710. 2

( , Ecclesia ad intra)(Ecclesia ad extra) .

70) Y. Congar, Un peuple messianique, (Brescia: Queiriana, 1976), 83; Id., “D’une ‘Ecclésiologie en gestion’ à Lumen Gentium chap. I et II”, in Kirche im Wachstum des Glaubens, ed., O. H. Pesch

H. D. Langer, (Freiburg, 1971), 366-377, 376.

“ ” (LG 8 ). ,

, ,

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‘ ’, ‘(LG 9a)’ ‘ ’ .

. , , ( )

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(GS 30) , , , .

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71) , 2015. 5. 18. , , , , http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/it/speeches/2013/may/documents/papa-francesco_2

0130518_veglia-pentecoste.html( : 2015. 6. 30); Id., Laudato, si’, n. 58 .

. ,

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23 2

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72) 23 , 2 Humanae salutis (1961. 6. 25), EV 7 .73) : W. Kasper, Chiesa cattolica, 116.

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74) : W. Kasper, Chiesa Cattolica, 116, 194.75) 23 1 (1962. 12. 8), EV, 119*; , 2013. 6. 13. ,

http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/it/audiences/2013/documents/papa-francesco_20130612_udienza-generale.html( : 2015. 7. 12).

2 , (abbr. DV). , (abbr. LG). , (abbr. GS). , (abbr. AA). , (abbr. AG).Acta Synodalia Sacrosanti Concilii Oecumenici Vaticani II, Civitas Vaticana,

1970-1978(abbr. AS).Acta Apostolicae Sedis, Roma, 1909ss(abbr. AAS).Enchiridion Vaticanum, v. 1, Bologna: EDB, 1993(abbr. EV).

12 , Summi Pontificatus(1939. 10. 20), AAS 31(1939), 413-453. 23 , Mater et Magistra(1961. 5. 15), AAS 53(1961), 101-463.

, Humanae salutis(1961. 6. 25), EV, 2*-19*. , 1 (1962. 12. 8), EV, 71*-83*.

6 , Populorum Progressio(1967. 3. 26), AAS 59(1967), 257-299. 2 , Sollicitudo Rei Socialis(1987. 12. 30), AAS 80(1988), 513-586.

, Sollicitudo rei socialis(1987. 12. 30), AAS 80(1988), 565-566., 2013. 5. 18. , ,

: http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/it/speeches/2013/ may/documents/papa-francesco_20130518_veglia-pentecoste.html, ( : 2013. 5. 30).

, 2013. 6. 13. : http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/it/audiences/2013/

documents/papa-francesco_20130612_udienza-generale.html, ( : 2015. 7. 12).

. 9. 10. Astali : http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco

/it/speeches/2013/september/documents/papa-francesco_20130910_centro-astalli.html, ( : 2013. 9. 12).

, (2013. 9. 22): http://w2.vatican.va/ ontent/rancescoit/speeches/2013/september/documents/papa-francesco_20130922_ marginati-cagliari.html, ( : 2013. 10. 1).

, , , 2014. , Laudato, si’: http://w2.vatican.va/content/francesco/it/encyclicals/documents/papa-

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, , , 18(1996), 50-68.

, , , 18(1996), 29-49.

, , , 21(2010), 453-483. , , , 72(2013), 385-407.

, , , : , 2006. , , , 18(1996),

69-77., , , 9(1998), 162-187. , , , , , 25(2012), 5-34.

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Choi, Hyeon Soon

Considering solidarity as one of the values necessary in our time, this research wanted to clarify the theological meaning of solidarity in LG 9a. The Second Vatican Council comprehends the Church as the People of God. This People is the priestly community that participates in the priesthood of Christ. He is the High Priest, redeemed the world by the vicarious expiation and in the double solidarity, that is solidarity with God and that with humanity. Like Christ, the People of God exercises his priesthood, making the triple solidarity, that is, with God, among community members, and with the world. This solidarity which must be that of Christ, “being with”, “fellow-feeling”, “overcoming their difficulties with”, “leaving space and freedom for others”, and “leading to another solidarity with others.” Therefore, solidarity in the theological meaning grows community members, the community itself, and other communities. In this sense, this solidarity is the constituent value of a human community.

Key Words: People of God, Common Priesthood, Solidarity, Community, Lumen Gentium