6th grade ela · 2020. 4. 21. · scientist and inventor. the nobel peace prize is more important...

6th grade

ELA

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The Nobel Prize

Freckle Level: 6A

Each year the Nobel Prize is awarded to those who have made the greatest contributions in chemistry, physics, medicine, literature, peace, and economics. It is the most prestigious award in these fields. Nobel Prize winners are called laureates. They have included Albert Einstein, Mother Teresa, and Martin Luther King, Jr. With a list like that, it is no surprise that the Nobel Prize is such a big deal.

The prize is named after Alfred Nobel. He was a famous scientist and inventor. Nobel was responsible for 355 inventions. His most notable invention is dynamite. In 1895, Nobel used the money from these inventions to establish a set of prizes in his will. These prizes were to be given to those whose inventions and discoveries have "conferred the greatest benefit to mankind." Originally, the prizes were intended for advances in chemistry, physics, medicine, literature, and peace. Economics was added many years later. The first prizes were awarded in 1901.

Alfred Nobel

The Nobel Foundation is based in Stockholm. Sweden. It manages the finances and nomination process. Meanwhile, separate commiccees for each award determine the winners. Each committee is composed of academics in the field of the given prize. All committees are located in Sweden, except for the Norwegian Nobel Committee responsible for awarding the Nobel Peace Prize. The Royal Swedish Academy for Sciences decides the prize in chemistry, physics, and economic sciences. The Swedish Academy chooses the prize in literature. The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska lnstitutec picks the prize in medicine. However, the Nobel Foundation muse first select 300 nominees out of all those nominated. The nominees are never named or even told they are being considered.

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Writing

Skills: Narrative, Writing Conventions • You have been awarded a Nobel

Prize. Write the speech you will

give to accept your award.

Vocab

• contributions

• invention

• conferred

• process• composed• nominated

• considered• customized

Reading

Skills:

• Rl.2: Summarizing & Main Ideas

• Rl.8: Claims & Evidence

Rl.2: Summarizing & Main Ideas

What is the central idea of the text?

Alfred Nobel was a famous scientist and invencor.

The Nobel Prize is an impressive award.

Albert Einstein, Mother Teresa, and Martin Luther King, Jr. were all very important people.

1/4

As soon as the committee comes to an agreement, the prize is announced. This usually occurs in early October. Each committee may select up to three individuals to share a prize, with a maximum of two different works. It is up to the selection committee to decide how the prize should be divided. Entire organizations, such as the Red Cross, can also win a Nobel Prize. Awards are only given to those who are still living at the time of the selection. Although the prize was originally intended for discoveries and works from the previous year, laureates are now often awarded only once their discoveries have endured the test of time.

Each December, an awards ceremony is held in Oslo, Norway for the Nobel Peace Prize and in Stockholm, Sweden for all other prizes. During the week leading up to the ceremony, each of the laureates gives a lecture related to the topic of their prize. At the ceremony on the 10th of December, laureates are awarded amedal, a diploma, and a sum of money. All of the gold-coated medals feature the picture of Alfred Nobel on the front, with a picture according to the specific prize on the reverse. The diplomas are a customized certificate, featuring a description of the reason the prize was awarded. The monetary award varies from year co year, but is typically worth $1 million. Laureates often donate much of their prize money. The honor of receiving a Nobel Prize is priceless.

Barack Obama wich his Nobel Prize

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The Nobel Prize spreads peace worldwide.


Which of the following details support the central idea?

Nominees are not named or even told that they are being considered for a Nobel Prize.

--------

Nobel's most notable invention is dynamite.

The Nobel Prize is for inventions and discoveries that have "conferred the greatest benefit to mankind."

Nobel laureates often donate much of their prize money.


Which of the following is an opinion that should not be included in a summary of the text?

There are six Nobel Prize categories.

Alfred Nobel left money in his will to start the Nobel Prize.

Nobel Prizes are meant for the greatest inventions and discoveries.

A f\lobel Prizes is priceless.

Rl.8: Claims & Evidence

2/4

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Which of the following claims is made in the first paragraph?

The Nobel Prize is a very significant award.

Martin Luther King, Jr. won the very first Nobel Prizes.

Alfred Nobel was a famous scientist and inventor.

The Nobel Peace Prize is more important than any other Nobel Prizes.

RJ.8: Claims & Evidence

What evidence proves that Alfred Nobel was a famous inventor? Select all that apply.

Nobel was responsible for 355 inventions.

The Nobel Prize was to be given the greatest inventions and discoveries.

····--· ··----·------·-·"·- -------

Economics was added as a Nobel Prize many years later.

Nobel invented dynamite.


Why are prizes no longer given the year after a discovery is made?

to give the Nobel Foundation time to review the nominations

3/4

to give the winners time to make a speech

to make sure the discovery is lasting

to make sure the winners have patience

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Ballet Dancer

Freckle Level: 6B

After seeing Tchaikovsky's Nutcracker for the first time, I knew I wanted to be a ballet dancer. Watching the dancers float effortlessly across the stage left me begging my parents to sign me up for ballet classes. I knew this would be my career.

Learning the Craft

I started classes shortly after that. I started with ballet twice a week, then I entered a more advanced program at my local dance studio, taking classes several hours each day.

A young girl in ballet class

As with any sport, ballet places a great physical demand on your body. Sore muscles and injuries were a part of life. I trained in a Russian method of ballet called the Vaganova Method, which is incense and for the serious student.

At age 12, I began ballet "en pointe." This type of ballet done using pointe shoes. The female ballerina's shoes allow her to stand completely on her toes. I had visions of looking like one of those beautiful dancers in the Nutcracker, but it was much more difficult than I imagined. Pointe shoes often left my toes bloody and sore. This is che price you pay to look graceful.

My Big Break

At age 15, I auditioned for the American Ballet Theacre·s PreProfessional Division. I was thrilled to be accepted into the program because it significantly increased my chances of becoming a professional ballet dancer. The program ran from 4pm to 8pm every day after school.

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Writing

Skills: Argument, Writing Conventions • Would you like a career as a ballet

dancer? Use evidence from thetext to support your decision.

Vocab

• intense

Reading

Skills:

• Rl.1: Explicit Information

• Rl.2: Summarizing & Main ideas

Rl.1: Explicit Information

Which details support the author's statement that the life of a ballet dancer is tough on your body? Select all that apply.

Pointe shoes often leave a dancer's toes sore and bloody.

Working with a partner can be more difficult than dancing a solo.

Ballet dancers practice eight to ten hours on a typical day.

Dancers work on weekends.

[ Rl.1: Explicit Information

1/3

The world of dance is not an easy place. It's very competitive. I had to step out of my comfort zone, but I knew if I was going to have the career I wanted, I needed to take this leap.

My time at the American Ballet Theatre was an incredible experience. It gave me the confidence to audition for my first job with a dance company. While I did not get the job, I learned the valuable lesson that all dancers deal with rejection at some point.

But, if you don't put yourself out there and audition, you'll never get the job.

Pointe shoes

Becoming a Professional

I landed my first job at age 18 with a professional dance company. I was hired as an apprentice dancer. It's an entry-level

role within a dance company. I was not guaranteed to dance in each performance, but I had to be ready just in case I was needed.

I spent six months as an apprentice before moving to a core position. My salary went from S25,000 a year to $40,000 with the

promotion. What I love the most about my job is that I get to tour the country doing what I love the most ... performing.

The life of a ballet dancer is tough on your body. On a typical day, I arrive at the dance studio at 1 0am to warm-up and begin eight to ten hours of dance classes, conditioning, and rehearsals. Practice sessions focus on perfecting the basics. We work on individual moves and also on partnering. Working with a partner can be a lot more difficult that dancing a solo. You are not only responsible for knowing your role. but you must also be in sync with your partner.

We practice different kinds of ballet turns. We spend hours on piroueftes and fouettes. Pirouettes are a type of spin that is done standing on one foot while the other foot is raised up to knee height. A fouerte turn is a pirouette combined with one leg making a quick circular motion co the side co add momentum. This gives the dancer speed to do several turns in a row. The important thing to remember about ballet turns is ro spot something with your eyes and only move your head to re-find your gaze at the last second. This prevents you from getting dizzy.

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What can you infer based on this detail:

''All dancers deal with rejection at

some point. H

A professional dancer will not get every role he or she auditions for.

Sometimes show directors are mean.

Dancers should stop auditioning if they get a rejection.

Dancers who don't get a role they want, should not accept any other role in a show.


Which best describes the central idea of the text?

You must train in the Vaganova Method if you wane to dance professionally.

Dancers have short careers.

Dancers perform on most weekends.

Being a professional baller dancer is only attainable through hard work and dedication.


How do the details about ballet en

pointe convey a central idea of the text?

2/3

Dancers from Swan Lake Performance

The schedule is rigorous. There are not a lot of days off. I don't have my weekends free, like many working adults. My weekends are filled with performances. Some of my favorite performances have included Swan Lake, Giselle, and Sleeping Beauty. All I have ever wanted to be is a ballet dancer. I wouldn't trade it for the world.

I know I won't be able to keep up the pace of touring with aprofessional company forever. The average age of retirement for ballet dancers in the U.S. is 34. I still have a few years ahead of me, but when I reach that point. I will use my talent and experience co teach ballet to the next generation of young dancers. No matter how old I am, ballet will always be a part of my career.

With hard work, dancers make ballet look much easier than it is.

Dancers are not ready for pointe shoes until age 1 2.

Pointe is the most important part of a ballet.

Dancers spend hours practicing standing on their toes.

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Video Game Developer

Freckle Level: 6C

Have you ever thought of turning your video game hobby into a career? Creating and resting video games may not sound like work, but the video game industry is booming. With platforms like Xbox and PlayStation, and an endless selection of mobile games, there is no shortage of work for game developers.

A photo of a video game conrro/ler

Video game developers design and write computer code. This code is used to create storylines, graphics, and every aspect of a video game. Teamwork is essential in this field as animators, designers, and programmers collaborate on storylines, mechanics, characters, graphics, and everything else that makes a game nor just good, but great!

From Idea to Game

A video game begins with an idea. A proposal is made by either a computer game developer or a team of game designers. The proposal covers the target age range for players, requirements, deadlines, ond the project's budget. It may include sample plots and storylines, characters, and methods for winning or losing at the game. It also features information on the interface used to create the game.

If the idea 1s approved, it is created through computer software. During this phase the developer inputs computer scripting. The scripts generate the commands, objects, and characrers that the players will use during the game.

The developer then needs co tesc every aspecc of the game. They test it hundreds of times looking for glitches in the program. The ultimate goal is co fix any problems before the game is released.

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Writing

Skills: Argument, Writing Conventions

• Do you think you would like to be

a video game developer? Use

evidence from the text to explain

why or why not.

Vocab

• industry

• process

• potential

Reading

Skills:


• Rl.3: Analyzing Connections


Which detail best supports the inference that a degree is not the most important qualification to be a video game developer?

Serious gamers know the industry and often have great ideas for games.

Most people who choose to go into this field are video gamers themselves.

A person who has created their own games might impress a porencial employer even without a degree.

1/3

During this process, the game usually goes through a series of changes and improvements. The developers use feedback and suggestions to improve the game.

A photo of computer scripts

Workplace

Video game developers most often work for companies in an office or studio setting. While developers can work alone, they very often work in teams. Being a video game developer is a 9 to 5 job. It can have stressful times where longer hours are necessary. Developers work with tight deadlines and must fix all problems before a game's release.

Education

Most video game developers earn a bachelor's degree. The degrees can be in multimedia arts, game development, software development, or game design. Some designers go on to earn a Master's degree. While degrees are helpful in this field, what most companies are looking for is experience. A person who has created their own games working with high-tech levels of scripting and code might impress a potential employer more than a degree.

A good work ethic and a love of the video game industry is a must. Most people who choose this field are video gamers themselves. Serious gamers know the industry and often have great ideas for games. If you combine chat passion with the knowledge to create the programs, this could be an exciting career path.

Video game developers have starting salaries of around $45,000, but they can grow to well over $120,000 for senior programmers and team leaders.

Not All Fun and Games

Being a video game developer is not all fun and games. In this career, people work very hard. Gamers are often casked with making games chat might not be of interest to them. They still have to put 100 percent of their effort into every project.

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A good 11vork ethic and a love of the video game industry is a must.


Which details support the inference that a history of playing video games can be very helpful in this career? Select all that apply.

Employers look for people with experience writing scripts for video games.

A history of playing video games is not important in this career.

Most people who choose to go into this field are video gamers themselves.

A great creator must know and understand video games.

Rl.3: Analyzing Connections

Which details describe the process of creating a video game? Select all that apply.

A proposal is made by either a computer game developer or a team of game designers.

The computer games developer first needs to hand draw images that will be used in the game.

The computer games developer inputs computer scripting.

The computer games developer then needs to test every aspect of the game.

213

There are also times that developers spend weeks creating a full proposal and the project does not go forward. They need to have a thick skin because not all of their projects will come to fruition. At the end of the day, the company has the final say in what projects move forward.

A photo from a video game

Industry

People working in the video game industry need to stay on the cutting-edge of technology and trends. They need to keep a step ahead with the latest and greatest graphics and game capabilities. This means that video game developers are always learning. They need to learn new programs and programming languages. They must also keep an eye on what the competition is doing.

In this industry, playing video games is very helpful, but it's also important to know how the industry itself works. It helps to have opinions on what works and what doesn't. A great creator must know the material.

Video game developers create exciting worlds that allow players the immerse themselves in the details of a game. They get to become a character. Video game developers bring those worlds to life for people everywhere.


What is the relationship between testing the games and releasing the final product?

The game goes through many rounds of testing after the final product is released.

A developer is not responsible for testing the video games they create.

Developers test games hundreds of times finding and fixing glitches before releasing the products.

Testing the games gives customers a chance co cry the games before they are released to the public.

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Sifting Through the Sands of Time

Freckle Level: 6A

The only word to describe the archaeological dig so far was "pathetic." Dr. Werner and his team of archaeologists had traveled from American to the Sahara Desert in Egypt in hopes of uncovering a new artifact. They wanted to find something that would rewrite ancient history. But so far, they kept digging through sand that just flew into their mouths instead of revealing ancient items.

After digging for several hours, Dr. Werner coughed out, "If we don't find anything by sunset, we will stop our dig, and go back home empty-handed. I hope we don't look like fools without any new material for our book."

'Why don't we divide up into pairs and cover more ground?" Dr. Astorino suggested, and Dr. Werner nodded in agreement.

Dr. Werner directed, ''You should go with Dr. Kwame and see what you can find."

The two co-workers headed west. "I've learned that there many secrets in this desert," Dr. Kwame, who grew up in Sudan, shared. He continued to encourage Dr. Astorino, 'We must not give up because Africa is a f��U� land with much history. There is muchto discover, and it will probably surprise you."

Dr. Astorino felt like she was baking under the sun. She combed the earth and saw nothing but grain after grain of sand. She became more and more frustrated by the moment. She wanted to drink from her canteen, but needed conserve the water with the beating sun.

"Look over here, Dr. Astorino," Dr. Kwame pointed suddenly to a small mound in the sand. "Researchers have been talking about old pyramids being buried under these mounds. This might be one of them."

Dr. Astorino smirked, thinking that Dr. Kwame had just tried to make her believe an old myth was actually true. "The buried pyramids are a myth, just like the Easter Bunny and most fairy tales," Dr. Astorino insisted.

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Writing

Skills: Narrative, Writing Conventions

• Imagine the team of archeologists

just made the greatest discovery

of their careers. Narrate the next

part of the story as they reveal the

truth!

Vocab

• artifact

• fertile

• distinct

Reading

Skills:

• RL.2: Messages & Themes

• RL.3: Plot & Characters

RL2: Messages & Themes

How do Dr. Kwame's actions contribute to the development of the theme?

Dr. Kwame's faith in the Egyptian pyramids leads the team on a foolish pursuit.

Dr. Kwame's suspension of disbelief encourages the team to explore further, leading to success.

Dr. Kwame's criticism of the dig eventually leads them to abort their research.

1/3

Dr. Kwame lowered his voice, knowing that if he shouted his beliefs, the visiting doctor would believe him even less. "Listen," he said calmly, ''This land is my home, and I am just asking you to consider the possibility. What do you have to lose?"

The African archeologist stopped speaking and started digging, while Dr. Astorino caught his enthusiasm and reluctantly joined in. Within minutes, Dr. Kwame had a good reason to raise his voice. He shouted for the group to come over. His voice echoed through the open space. Dr. Werner and the rest of the team were soon working together. They unearthed a distinct pointed shape that resembled a triangle.

"Could it really be?" Dr. Astorino breathed in amazement.

''There could be a whole civilization buried under this sand, washed away from the Great Flood," Dr. Werner said, rubbing his hands together.

"I told you that Africa is a place of fascinating secrets," Dr. Kwame grinned, his voice once again level, and satisfied.

The group worked until sundown, uncovering the remains of a pyramid inch by inch. At the end of the day, the team returned to their campsite for one final night under the desert stars. The archeologists knew their book would be fascinating. It might even become a bestseller.

Inside her tent that night, Dr. Astorino opened a novel, a paranormal ghost story. She had bought it by accident at the airport in Cairo-or perhaps, it was no accident at all.

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Dr. Kwame's criticism of their expectation of discovering a pyramid highlights the team's foolishness.

RL.2: Messages & Themes

Which quote helps develop the theme?

"Dr. Astorino felt like she was baking under the sun."

"Frustrated, she combed the earth and saw nothing but grain after grain of sand."

"I told you that Africa is a place of fascinating secrets that defy reason."

"So far, all they had found was endless sand that that flew into their mouths with every breeze."

RL.3: Plot & Characters

Which sentence best describes how Dr. Astorino changes over the course of the story?

Dr. Astorino changes from doubtful to hopeful.

Dr. Astorino changes from hopeful to pessimistic.

Dr. Astorino changes from helpful to antagonistic.

Dr. Astorino changes from loyal to faithless

'l/3


How does the conflict resolve over the

course of the story?

The team of archaeologists band together to defeat the evil Egyptian spirit they unearth.

The team of archaeologists run out of funds for their dig, and must return home.

The team of archaeologists eventually kick out the main antagonist from their research project.

The frustrated team of archaeologists continue their dig against their better judgment, and eventually find something remarkable.


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Police Officer

Freckle Level: 6B

I am a police officer. I took an oath to protect and serve our town. When I was a child, police officers were my heroes. They kept people safe and made the world a better place. So, naturally, when I grew up, this is the career path I chose to follow.

After high school, I attended a four-year college. I earned a degree in criminal l':J.��!�� .. Having this degree helped prepare me for my job at the police station. I had a solid understanding of the criminal j':)_��!�� system, which provided a good foundation for my career.

Before I could apply to be an officer, I had to pass a pass physical fitness test. There were also medical, vision, and hearing requirements. As part of the hiring process, I had many interviews. They also did a background check. Police officers are not allowed to have a felony record, so the background check is a very important part of the process. There was also a written exam, a drug test, and a psychological evaluation. All of these tests made sure that I was really ready to be a police officer.

A police officer stands near his car

The Police Academy

I was hired as a police officer in my hometown. Before I could start the job, I needed to go to the police training academy. A training academy is where new recruits train to be police officers. My training at the academy lasted six months. It was very intense.

Every morning we woke up at SAM and did physical training. This included running, sit-ups, push-ups, and many other kinds of drills. Then we did academic classes. We trained our bodies and our minds to become police officers. I learned self-defense tactics to help protect myself in different situations. Learning

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Writing


• Would you enjoy being a police

officer? Use evidence from the

text to support your position.

Vocab

• justice

• process

• intense

• academic

• tactics

• primary

Reading

Skills:




Which details show the main idea that police officers keep people safe? Select all that apply.

Police officers don't work a normal 9-to-5 workday

Police officers take an oath to protect and serve the town.

Policer officers respond to 911 calls.

1/3

how to use a firearm was also an important part of my training. I hope I never need to use it in the line of duty, but all police officers must be fully trained to use a gun when necessary. Recruits must pass target tests with accuracy to complete their training.

After completing my training at the police academy, I was ready to start my career as a police officer.

A police car

A Day on the Job

On my first day as an officer, my primary job was traffic duty. When I saw someone speeding, I would give them a ticket. I would also pull drivers over if they didn't completely stop at stop signs, as well as for other traffic violations. Another part of my traffic duty was directing cars around work zones. If a road only had one lane open, I would alternate traffic back and forth across the lane.

Now that I'm more experienced, I can go out on emergency calls. If someone dials 911, I can respond to the call. Depending on what kind of help is needed, I either go alone or with a partner. We often get 911 calls for robberies. It is my job to go to the scene and interview any witnesses.

We also get 911 calls for car accidents. When an accident happens, I often arrive first at the scene. I make sure everyone is okay. If anyone is hurt, I call for an ambulance. Once the people and the scene are safe, I determine how the accident happened and who is at fault.

An officer directing traffic

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Police officers wake up at SAM to do physical training.



Police officers stay in shape.

Police officers keep people safe and serve the community.

Police officers have to pass many tests.

Police officers work long hours.


Which statements can be inferred from the passage as a whole? Select all that apply.

Witnesses always know who comitted the crime.

Training both your body and mind is very important for police officers.

There are a lot of requirements to meet before you can become a police officer.

Traffic duty is always the first job for a police officer.


What can you infer based on this detail: "Depending on what kind of help is needed, I either go alone or with a partner." Select all that apply.

2/3

NotYourAverageJob

Being a police officer is not your average job. I don't work a normal 9-to-5 workday. In fact, sometimes I work the night shift

and other times I work during the day. Police departments are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This means we need to work

all different shifts to cover the hours.

I knew this career would not be easy. Being a police officer can

be stressful and dangerous. Keeping crime off the streets puts

me in some scary situations. But, I'm doing my part to help stop

crime in my town. The most important part of my job is serving

my community. I love being a police officer.

If an officer is responding to a call that sounds exciting, they can bring a partner.

If the officer is responding to a non-dangerous call, they can respond alone.

If the 911 is dangerous, the officer will go with a partner.

Officers go alone on 911 calls if everyone else is busy.


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Jimmy Carter

Freckle Level: 6C

Jimmy Carter was the 39th President of the United States. He is also known as a great humanitarian. Since leaving office, he has devoted his life to peace and and improving the welfare of people.

A photo of President jimmy Carter

Early Life

Jimmy was born on October 1, 1924, in Plains, Georgia. His father, James Sr., was a peanut farmer, while his mother, Bessie, was a nurse. He grew up in a rural town and began working at his father's store at just 10 years old.

In 1941, Jimmy was the first person on his father's side of the family to graduate from high school. He went on to study at Georgia Southwestern Junior College and then joined the Naval Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. Jimmy was skilled in electronics and naval tactics. After graduation, he married his long-time friend Rosalynn Smith.

The Carters spent the early years of their marriage frequently moving with Jimmy's naval assignments, where he worked on the nation's first nuclear-powered submarines. During this time, the Carters had four children: John, James, Donnel, and Amy.

After the death of his father, Jimmy moved back home to take over the family farm. He also got involved in local politics beginning with the local Board of Education.

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Writing


• In your opinion, what was the

most important decision

President Carter made during his

political career?

Vocab

• devoted

• tactics

• politics

• ensure

• landslide

• reputation

• controversial

• progressive

• democratic

• integrity

• establishment

• established

Reading

Skills:





President Carter knew that politicians could not always show integrity.

1/3

A photo of President Carter having a conversation

A New South

In 1962, the Supreme Court required that voting districts be redrawn to ensure that all candidates had a fair chance at election. Jimmy wanted to bring change to the region, so he took this opportunity to run for the Senate. His opponent, Homer Moore, won in a landslide victory, but it became apparent that the win was the result of voter fraud. Jimmy appealed the election and a judge ordered that the votes be recounted. Jimmy was the real winner of the election.

Carter earned the reputation as a conservative, independent politician. He cut wasteful spending and vehemently supported civil rights.

In 1966, Carter ran for governor of Georgia. He lost to Lester Maddox, a supporter of the old South and segregation. At the time, Georgia's governors had a one-term limit. Jimmy immediately began his campaign for the 1970 election. He targeted the rural white voters who thought he was too liberal in the previous election. In a controversial move, Jimmy publicly opposed busing as a method of integrating public schools. He limited public appearances with black leaders and actively sought the endorsements of noted supporters of segregation.

This change in his commitment to civil rights drew harsh criticism. Nevertheless, the strategy worked, and he won the 1970 election. Upon becoming governor, Jimmy returned to his progressive values and called for an end to segregation. He also increased the number of black officials in the state government by 25 percent.

New Goals

In the 1970s, national P.<.?l!�i_c_� was in disarray. The Watergate scandal shattered the American people's confidence in the government. Jimmy felt the nation's next president needed to be a Washington outsider to win back America's trust. He was up to the task.

Jimmy was one of 10 candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1976. Although he was the least well-known, Carter used this to his advantage. People were frustrated with

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Without his childhood struggles, Carter could have not understood the troubles millions of Americans face.

President Carter has strong personal values that he upholds.

President Carter knew he could enact positive change by starting his career in politics.


What can you infer based on this detail: "He also got involved in local politics beginning with the local Board of Education."

President Carter started to realize that he could uphold some of his values and make positive change.

President Carter was interested in becoming a teacher.

President Carter was experienced in running for political office.

Without the Board of Education, Carter would have had no impact in politics.


Why does the author include examples of President Carter's accomplishments after his presidency?

To make the reader realize President Carter has not been properly recognized for his successes

213

politicians, and Jimmy was relatively unknown in big government. He campaigned on the platforms of reducing government waste, balancing the budget, and helping the poor. What appealed most to people, however, was Carter's integrity.

He secured the Democratic nomination to challenge Gerald Ford, who had taken over the presidency after President Nixon resigned. He won the election by a narrow margin, becoming the 39th President of the United States.

Presidency

Carter brought a new kind of leadership to the presidency. He served in the position from 1977 to 1981. His administration saw many significant accomplishments. They include the Panama Canal treaties, the treaty of peace between Egypt and Israel, and the establishment of U.S. diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China.


Other Accomplishments

Jimmy Carter has authored more than 30 books. He established The Carter Center in 1982, which is a nonpartisan and nonprofit organization that addresses national and international issues of public policy. The Center helps resolve international conflict, promotes democracy, and protects human rights.

On December 10, 2002, President Carter received the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts in finding peaceful solutions to international conflicts and advancing democracy and human rights.

President Carter and his wife also volunteer for each year for Habitat for Humanity, an organization that helps people build homes. Even in his 90s, he actively participates in building houses, as well as teaches Sunday school.

To show how President Carter is still involved in politics

To demonstrate his long-lasting impact and committment to improving our world

To explain the reasons why President Carter was a successful politician


Which detail best illustrates that President Carter is a virtuous leader?

"He limited public appearances with black leaders and actively sought the endorsements of noted supporters of segregation."

"He cut wasteful spending and vehemently supported civil rights."

"He secured the Democratic nomination to challenge Gerald Ford, who had taken over the presidency after President Nixon resigned."

"Carter brought a new kind of leadership to the presidency."


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Teachings of Confucius

Freckle Level: 6A

What is Confucianist thought and when did it originate? Born in the sixth century BCE, Confucius shared ideas that still influence China today. Throughout his life in China's Zhou Dynasty, Confucius served roles including teacher and politician. The most important role he played was philosopher. His teachings reflect universal ideas and have been shared since ancient times.

.& ;IC, JI.. 11-

. .

- .

Painting of Confucius, 1770

The Five Classics

The Five Classics are the basis of Confucianist philosophy yet were not written by Confucius himself. Rather, the books are a collection of thoughts, sayings and history compiled and edited by Confucius.

The first book, Classic of Poetry, is an anthology of poems, hymns, songs, and eulogies. The next is called the Book of Documents, which contains speeches and other political writings. Some historians claim the book is the oldest Chinese narrative as it was written around the sixth century BCE. The Book of Rites tells of ancient Chinese ceremonies. The Book of Changes is concerned with the divine. Finally, the Spring and Autumn Annals provide a historical record of the State of Lu where Confucius was born.

Translated into virtually every modern language, the Five Classics are studied at universities worldwide.

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Writing

Skills: Informative, Writing Conventions

• Explain the idea of meritocracy

and where you see examples of

meritocracy today in your school

or country.

Vocab

• philosopher

• classic

• politics

• scholar

• equality

• impact

• poverty

• diverse

• approximately

Reading

Skills:


• Rl.4: Word Meaning & Choice


Which of the following statements are true about the imperial examination system? Select all that apply.

Only the wealthy were eligible for the imperial examination system.

1/4

The Book of Rites, one of the Five Classics

Confucianist Theology & Ethics

Theology was not the main concern of Confucius who was more focused on politics and ethics. However, Confucius did contribute several theological ideas to Chinese culture.

Modern scholar Huang Yong has discussed Confucianist theology in terms of a transcendent God. This transcendent God is everywhere. Since God is everywhere, he never abandons people. Secondly, Yong claims that Confucianist thought presents God as the ultimate reality in the world. Both interpretations are a positive theology that place God in a loving light.

Confucianist ethics are straightforward and similar to the Golden Rule of the Christian bible: Do unto others as you would have others do unto you. Confucius tried to live an ethical life based on kindness, equality, and harmony.

Confucius also identified relationships that he believed made society successful. Called The Five Bonds, these relationships were: ruler to ruled, father to son, husband to wife, elder brother to younger brother, and friend to friend. Each relationship had its own set of duties.

Overall, Confucius's ideas were more practical than theological, but he had an impact in both areas.

Writings of Confucius translated into Latin

Meritocracy

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Anybody was eligible to submit to the imperial examination system.

It was based on the Confucianist ideal of fairness and began during the Han Dynasty.

It was created during the Zhou Dynasty and focused on royalty.


Which detail from the text supports the claim that speaking a kind word could be interpreted as practicing Confucianism?

Both interpretations are a positive theology that place God in a loving light.

Approximately six million people practice Confucianism, but that number may not be accurate when one considers how universal Confucius's teachings were.

Confucius tried to live an ethical life based on kindness, equality, and harmony.

Confucius also identified relationships that he believed made society successful.


Which of the following inferences could be made from the text? Select all that apply.

Confucius believed in and taught about the core values of capitalism and material wealth.

2/4

In politics, meritocracy is the belief that power should be assigned to talented individuals. Meritocracy is a contrast to royal political structures in which power is automatically given at birth. Confucius was a supporter of meritocracy and his influence in this area changed China.

Based on meritocracy, the imperial examination system began during the Han Dynasty. Although Confucius had died centuries before the Han Dynasty formed in 206 BCE, his ideas provided the foundation. Under this new system, any individual who passed an examination would be eligible to become a government official. It did not matter whether this individual had been born into wealth or poverty. The only assessment would be merit.

The imperial examination system, which lasted until 1905, is rooted in the Confucianist ideal of fairness.

The world's largest Confucius statue in Japan

Confucianism Today

In 2017, Confucianism is not only practiced in China but also in other East Asian countries, such as Korea and Vietnam. Furthermore, Confucianism has spread throughout the world. Adherents may be found in such diverse places as North America and Europe.

Aeproximately six million people practice Confucianism, but that number may not be accurate when one considers how universal Confucius's teachings were. One could argue that someone practices Confucianism simply by speaking a kind word or working as a cooperative member of a team.

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Confucius believed in and taught about the core values of competition and democracy.

Although Confucius believed in kindness and fairness, he also taught about how to use the system to succeed.

Confucius' ideas did not become part of mainstream political thought in China until centuries after his death.

Rl.4: Word Meaning & Choice

In what ways did the imperial examination system implement a meritocracy? Select all that apply.

The system granted power to those who were part of the royal family by birth.

--------

The system focused on the wealth of the individual as well as their merit by examination.

The system focused solely on the merit of an individual based on an examination.

The system was focused on fairness and assigning power to those with talent.


How does the word "virtually" affect the meaning of the sentence ''Translated into virtually every modern language, the Five Classics are studied at universities worldwide."?

3/4

It means that the Five Classics have been translated into almost every modern language.

It means that the Five Classics have been translated into a few of the modern languages.

It means that the Five Classics have been translated into a digital format.

It means that the Five Classics have been translated into every single modern language.


What does the word "imperial" mean

as used in the phrase 11imperial

examination system11?

the policy of extending the country's power through military force

put into place by the king or emperor

the system was used to find the next king

having to do with a measurement system for distances and quantities


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Real World

Freckle Level: 6A

For our 8th-grade field trip, my class went on a camping adventure to the Blue Ridge Mountains. Most of us were excited because we live in Atlanta, and camping is not an activity anyone can do in the big city. So, I packed my camping gear along with a rain jacket, extra blanket, and my smartphone, of course. But one of those things would be useless to me by the time we reached the campsite. I almost wanted to turn back when I found out what this "adventure" was really all about.

The bus jerked to a stop at the edge of the woods where mountains shimmered in the background. It was twilight, and I felt like I could reach out and touch both the mountaintops and the stars that were never visible in the artificial light of Atlanta. The view was amazing, but a text message from my sister back home soon stole my attention.

As I was scrolling through my messages, our class leader, Jared, made an announcement: "From this point on, all electronics are forbidden, so turn off your phones and don't turn them on again until we board this bus to return to Atlanta. Anyone who disobeys the rule will have their phones immediately confiscated and held until the end of the trip."

The bus erupted in grumbles and complaints. I hesitantly shut my phone down, wondering how I was going to live without a connection to the outside world. Jared went on, ''This camping trip is an opportunity for us to get back to nature. We're leaving the virtual world behind and rejoining the real world!"

The students were still whining as we trudged off the bus, and I think I may have heard a sigh come from my own mouth. This little experiment was going to be an exercise in torture. I already missed the familiarity of the city.

About an hour later, I unrolled my sleeping bag and settled in, automatically reaching for my phone. I remembered the rules for the camping trip and rolled my eyes. My fingers itched to turn on the phone. What if I had missed a message from someone? What if there was an email announcing the results of the art contest I had entered? Not using my phone was really hard.

The next morning, I awoke and again automatically reached for my phone, gritting my teeth as Jared's voice replayed in my mind. Fighting the temptation to break the rules, I got dressed. Our first

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Writing


• Do you think the narrator of the

story will use the phone less after

coming back from the trip? Why

or why not?

Vocab

• visible

Reading

Skills:




Which of these is a good summary sentence for the story?

On a school camping trip, a student misses her electronic devices so much that she leaves early.

On a class camping trip, a student finds out that electronics are not as important as she thought.

Students on a bus complain about their class leader and his "no electronics" policy.

1/3

activity of the trip was a team-building exercise climbing ropes in the forest. To my surprise, the rope-climbing took all my mental

concentration and physical strength. I gripped the ropes until the palms of my hands burned and my shoulder muscles ached. Soon, I forgot about my phone back in the cabin.

In the afternoon, our science teacher led us to a stream to explain the different types of flora and fauna. Then, we went on a nature walk trying to identify species of flowers and plants. By

sunset, I was exhausted from the day's activities, but there was still more to do. We each prepared our own dinner of beans and corn and then sat in a circle on the ground to tell funny stories. When my head finally hit the pillow, I realized that I hadn't thought about my phone since I woke up.

The rest of the camping trip passed in a whirlwind and I no longer reached for my phone. The other campers didn't seem to be missing their phones either. We were all too busy exploring the forest, spotting butterflies and gathering wild berries to eat

with our fire-cooked meals. By the last day of the trip, I didn't want to go back to Atlanta. When we boarded the bus, no one turned on their phones. As the bus wound through the woods and out onto the paved road, I looked back at the real world, sad to leave it behind.

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Students learn how to cook their own meals and discover flora and fauna in the woods.


How does the following detail develop a theme about growth?

"The rest of the camping trip passed

in a whirlwind and I no longer reached

for my phone. The other campers

didn't seem to be missing their phones

either'.

The characters in the story grew to understand that living without electronics for a couple of days was torture.

The characters grew to understand that electronics are bad and that no one should use them.

The characters in the story grew to understand that electronics are not as important as they thought.

The characters grew to understand that camping is the only way to get an appreciation for nature.


What is the major conflict in the passage?

The narrator does not want to turn off her phone during a camping trip.

2/3

The narrator gets lost in the woods and relies on her phone to find her way.

Students go on a field trip to a wooded area where they hike, climb ropes, and cook.

Students go on a camping trip and leave all their electronics at home.


Which detail shows the turning point

in the story?

''The next morning, I awoke and again automatically reached for my phone, gritting my teeth as Jared's voice replayed in my mind."

"About an hour later, I unrolled my sleeping bag and settled in, automatically reaching for my phone."

'When my head finally hit the pillow, I realized that I hadn't thought about my phone since I woke up."

"In the afternoon, our science teacher led us to a stream to explain the different types of flora and fauna."


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Composer

Freckle Level: 6C

A composer is someone who writes and directs original music. Composers produce music for orchestras and musicians. Their work is used in movies, television shows, commercials, and even video games. A composer's job is to help tell the story of a film or other project through music. Composers work either at home or in studios to arrange and compose music. Typically, they are proficient at more than one instrument.

Composers of the Past

Musical composers date all the way back to 200 BCE. Ancient Greek scholars found the Seikilos epitaph, which is the oldest example of a musical composition in the world. Musical composition styles have gone through many changes since then.

In the 1600s, composers like Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel were among the most famous in the world. This time period was referred to as the Baroque Era. This era of music provided contrast as a dramatic element. In other words, the use of loud versus soft played an important role.

Later in the 1800s, composers entered the Classical Era. Melodies were lighter and people took an interest in composers like Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludvig van Beethoven. One of the biggest changes in the Classical Era was that composers would have public concerts, which brought their music to a wider audience.

A picture of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Today's Role of a Composer

Times have changed in the way we share music since then. Composers no longer rely on public concerts to share their work. Music can be easily shared through the Internet. But, the role of a

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Writing

Skills: Argument, Writing Conventions • Do you feel you would make a

good composer? Use evidencefrom the test to support youranswer.

Vocab

• composition

• process• composed

Reading

Skills:




Which claim is not supported by evidence in the text?

Times have changed in the way we share music.

Most composers write music just for movies.

A composer needs a good understanding of modern equipment.

The use of the "click-track" helps the composer synchronize the music to the movie.

1/3

composer in today's society has also changed with today's technology.

While some composers write music for a general audience, most write for specific projects. They are often used for writing music for movies. Every movie in the theater has a musical score. If you take that music away, the movie would be drastically different. The music helps tell the story in a subtle way.

Directors ask composers to bring different moods to scenes of a movie through music. Think about the movie Jaws. When the shark is about to appear, how do you know it's coming? The music is giving the clues! Composers use music throughout films to help convey the director's vision for each scene.

The Music Composition Process

Being a composer today is not as simple as sitting down to write music at a piano, like Mozart or Beethoven may have done. A composer needs a good understanding of the modern equipment needed to compose and record their music. Composers work with advanced sound equipment to create digital recordings.

Today, the composer must be able to both write and produce the end product. A computer is often used as a base for a composer to work from. Computers offer a large variety of both hardware and software options. Other equipment can include synthesizers, drum samplers, and an effects board.

Composing music typically involves creating musical notation, such as sheet music. Once the music has been written, the composer must arrange it so it can be performed. This process is called orchestration. During orchestration, the composer takes the music, line by line, and arranges it for each member of the orchestra. Some instruments will play the main melody. Others will play the harmony or only come in for different effects.

When the music has been composed and orchestrated, it is performed by an orchestra or ensemble. The orchestra often performs in front of a large screen that is playing the film. The conductor and musicians wear headphones that play a series of clicks called a "click-track." The click-track gives audio cues to the composer and musicians that help synchronize the music with the movie.

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Is the following claim supported in the

text?

"Composers use music throughout

films to help convey the director's

vision for each scene."

Yes, because the author explains how directors ask composers to evoke different moods.

No, because the director plans all music for the movie.

Yes, because composers create a different arrangement for every member of the orchestra.

No, because composers write music for a general audience.


Which statements can be inferred

from the passage as a whole? Select all that apply.

Writing music for movies is a detailed process.

Composers do not have to understand the movie to write music for it.

The composer writes music to help tell a story.

The musical score is the most important part of a movie.

Rl.1: Expllclt Information

2/3

A music synthesizer

Listen to the Music

The next time you sit down to watch Harry Potter, Jaws, or Star

Wars, take a moment to notice the music by John Williams in the background. Composers do an amazing job of blending the music so it doesn't distract from the film.

Today's composers travel all over the world to work on different projects. The average lower budget film pays composers between $20,000 to $40,000. Larger projects can pay more than $1 million per film. If you have strong interests in music and technology, a career as a composer might be a good fit.

Which detail supports the author's statement that

"Times have changed in the way we

share music'?

Concerts are the best way to share your music with an audience.

Composers use high-quality sound equipment to share music.

Composers write and produce the end product of music.

Music can be easily shared through the Internet.


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6th grade

ELA

Answer sheet

The Nobel Prize

Freckle Level: 6A

Each year the Nobel Prize is awarded to those who have made the greatest contributions in chemistry, physics, medicine, literature, peace, and economics. It is the most prestigious award in these fields. Nobel Prize winners are called laureates. They have included Albert Einstein, Mother Teresa, and Martin Luther King, Jr. With a list like that. it is no surprise that the Nobel Prize is such a big deal.

The prize is named after Alfred Nobel. He was a famous scientist and inventor. Nobel was responsible for 355 inventions. His most notable invention is dynamite. In 1895, Nobel used the money from these inventions to establish a set of prizes in his will. These prizes were co be given to those whose inventions and discoveries have "conferred the greatest benefit to mankind." Originally, the prizes were intended for advances in chemistry, physics, medicine, literature, and peace. Economics was added many years later. The first prizes were awarded in 1901.

Alfred Nobel

The Nobel Foundation is based in Stockholm, Sweden. It manages the finances and nomination process. Meanwhile, separate committees for each award determine the winners. Each committee is composed of academics in the field of the given prize. All committees are located in Sweden, except for the Norwegian Nobel Committee responsible for awarding the Nobel Peace Prize. The Royal Swedish Academy for Sciences decides the prize in chemistry, physics, and economic sciences. The Swedish Academy chooses the prize in literature. The Nobel Assembly at Karolinska lnstitutet picks the prize in medicine. However, the Nobel Foundation must first select 300 nominees out of all those nominated. The nominees are never named or even told they are being considered.

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Writing


• You have been awarded a Nobel

Prize. Write the speech you will

give to accept your award.

Vocab

• contributions

• invention

• conferred

• process

• composed

• nominated

• considered

• customized

Reading

Skills:




What is the central idea of the text?


v' The Nobel Prize is an impressive award.

Albert Einstein, Mocher Teresa, and Martin Luther King, Jr. were all very important people.

1/4

As soon as the committee comes to an agreement, the prize is announced. This usually occurs in early October. Each committee may select up to three individuals to share a prize, with a maximum of two different works. It is up to the selection committee to decide how the prize should be divided. Entire organizations, such as the Red Cross, can also win a Nobel Prize. Awards are only given to those who are still living at the time of the selection. Although the prize was originally intended for discoveries and works from the previous year, laureates are now often awarded only once their discoveries have endured the test of time.

Each December, an awards ceremony is held in Oslo, Norway for the Nobel Peace Prize and in Stockholm, Sweden for all other prizes. During the week leading up to the ceremony, each of the laureates gives a lecture related to the topic of their prize. At the ceremony on the 10th of December, laureates are awarded a medal, a diploma, and a sum of money. All of the gold-coated medals feature the picture of Alfred Nobel on the front, with a picture according to the specific prize on the reverse. The diplomas are a customized certificate, featuring a description of the reason the prize was awarded. The monetary award varies from year to year, but is typically worth $1 million. Laureates often donate much of their prize money. The honor of receiving a Nobel Prize is priceless.

Barack Obama with his Nobel Prize

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The Nobel Prize spreads peace worldwide.


Which of the following details support the central idea?

Nominees are not named or even told that they are being considered for a Nobel Prize.

Nobel's most notable invention is dynamite.

� The Nobel Prize is for inventions and discoveries that have "conferred the greatest benefit to mankind."

Nobel laureates often donate much of their prize money.


Which of the following is an opinion that should not be included in a summary of the text?

There are six Nobel Prize categories.

Alfred Nobel left money in his will to start the Nobel Prize.

Nobel Prizes are meant for the greatest inventions and discoveries.

v' A Nobel Prizes is priceless.


2/4

https://classroom.freckle.com/#/ela/artlcles/1853135c-b6f9-4596-84ab-41432md358

Which of the following claims is made in the first paragraph?

., The Nobel Prize is a very significant award.

Martin Luther King,Jr. won the very first Nobel Prizes.


The Nobel Peace Prize is more important than any other Nobel Prizes.


What evidence proves that Alfred Nobel was a famous inventor? Select all that apply •

., Nobel was responsible for 355 inventions.

The Nobel Prize was to be given the greatest inventions and discoveries.

Economics was added as a Nobel Prize many years later .

., Nobel invented dynamite.

Rl.8: Clalms & Evidence

Why are prizes no longer given the year after a discovery is made?

to give the Nobel Foundation time to review the nominations

3/4

to give the winners time to make a speech

.----- --· -------····--------

� to make sure the discovery is lasting

to make sure the winners have patience

Copyright© Freckle Education -2020

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Ballet Dancer

Freckle Level: 6B

After seeing Tchaikovsky's Nutcracker for the first time, I knew I wanted to be a ballet dancer. Watching the dancers float effortlessly across the stage left me begging my parents to sign me up for ballet classes. I knew this would be my career.

Learning the Craft

I started classes shortly after that. I started with ballet twice a week, then I entered a more advanced program at my local dance studio, taking classes several hours each day.

A young girl in baller class

As with any sport. ballet places a great physical demand on your body. Sore muscles and injuries were a part of life. I trained in aRussian method of ballet called the Vaganova Method, which is intense and for the serious student.

At age 12, I began ballet "en poince." This type of ballet done using pointe shoes. The female ballerina's shoes allow her to stand completely on her toes. I had visions of looking like one of those beautiful dancers in the Nutcracker, but it was much more difficult than I imagined. Pointe shoes often left my toes bloody and sore. This is the price you pay to look graceful.

My Big Break

At age 1 5. I auditioned for the American Ballet Theatre's PreProfessional Division. I was thrilled to be accepted into the program because it significantly increased my chances of becoming a professional ballet dancer. The program ran from 4pm to 8pm every day after school.

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Writing

Skills: Argument, Writing Conventions • Would you like a career as a ballet

dancer? Use evidence from thetext to support your decision.

Vocab

• intense

Reading

Skills:




Which details support the author's statement that the life of a ballet dancer is tough on your body? Select all that apply.

� Pointe shoes often leave a dancer's toes sore and bloody.

Working with a partner can b e more difficult than dancing a solo.

� Ballet dancers practice eight to ten hours on a typical day.

Dancers work on weekends.

r Rl.1: Explicit Information

1/3

The world of dance is not an easy place. It's very competitive. I had to step out of my comfort zone, but I knew if I was going to have the career I wanted, I needed to rake this leap.

My time at the American Ballet Theatre was an incredible experience. It gave me the confidence to audition for my firscjob

with a dance company. While I did not get the job, I learned the valuable lesson that all dancers deal with rejection at some point. But, if you don't put yourself out there and audition, you'll never get the job.

Pointe shoes

Becoming a Professional

I landed my firsr job at age 18 with a professional dance company. I was hired as an apprentice dancer. It's an entry-level role within a dance company. I was not guaranteed to dance in each performance, but I had to be ready just in case I was needed.

I spent six months as an apprentice before moving to a core position. My salary went from $25,000 a year to $40,000 with the promotion. What I love the most about my job is that I get to tour the country doing what I love the most. .. performing.

The life of a ballet dancer is tough on your body. On a typical day, I arrive at the dance studio at 1 0am to warm-up and begin eight to ten hours of dance classes, conditioning, and rehearsals. Practice sessions focus on perfecting the basics. We work on

individual moves and also on partnering. Working with a partner can be a lor more difficult that dancing a solo. You are not only responsible for knowing your role, but you must also be in sync with your partner.

We practice different kinds of bailee turns. We spend hours on pirouettes and fouetres. Pirouettes are a type of spin that is done standing on one foot while the other foot is raised up to knee height. A fouerte turn is a pirouette combined with one leg making a quick circular morion to the side to add momentum. This gives the dancer speed to do several turns in a row. The important thing co remember about ballet turns is co spot something with your eyes and only move your head co re-find your gaze at the lase second. This prevents you from getting dizzy.

https ://cla ssroorn. freckle. co mi #/e la/article s/64 bOf 53a-5c6d--4 f07 -a58e-2 4 a 2 f d6b28 5 5

What can you infer based on this detail:

''All dancers deal with rejection at

some point.·

.., A professional dancer will not get every role he or she auditions for.

Sometimes show directors are mean.

Dancers should stop auditioning if they get a rejection.

Dancers who don't get a role they want, should not accept any other role in a show.

--- - -----



You must train in the Vaganova Method if you want to dance professionally.

Dancers have short careers.

Dancers perform on most weekends.

v Being a professional ballet dancer is only attainable through hard work and dedication.


How do the details about ballet en

pointe convey a central idea of the text?

2/3

Dancers from Swan Lake Performance

The schedule is rigorous. There are not a lot of days off. I don't have my weekends free, like many working adults. My weekends are filled with performances. Some of my favorite performances have included Swan Lake, Giselle, and Sleeping Beauty. All I have ever wanted to be is a ballet dancer. I wouldn't trade it for the world.

I know I won't be able to keep up the pace of touring with a professional company forever. The average age of retirement for ballet dancers in the U.S. is 34. I still have a few years ahead of me, but when I reach that point, I will use my talent and experience co teach ballet to the next generation of young dancers. No matter how old I am, ballet will always be a part of my career.

� With hard work, dancers make ballet look much easier than it is.

Dancers are not ready for pointe shoes until age 12.

Pointe is the most important part of a ballet.

Dancers spend hours practicing standing on their toes.


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Video Game Developer

Freckle Level: 6C

Have you ever thought of turning your video game hobby into a career? Creating and testing video games may not sound like work, but the video game indust!Y is booming. With platforms like Xbox and PlayScation, and an endless selection of mobile games, there is no shortage of work for game developers.

A photo of a video game controller

Video game developers design and write computer code. This code is used to create storylines, graphics, and every aspect of a video game. Teamwork is essential in this field as animators, designers, and programmers collaborate on storylines, mechanics. characters, graphics, and everything else that makes a game not just good, but great!

From Idea to Game

A video game begins with an idea. A proposal is made by either a computer game developer or a team of game designers. The proposal covers the target age range for players, requirements, deadlines, and the project's budget. It may include sample plots and storylines, characters, and methods for winning or losing at the game. It also features information on the interface used to create the game.

If the idea is approved, it is created through computer software. During this phase the developer inputs computer scripting. The scripts generate the commands, objects, and characters that the players will use during the game.

The developer then needs to test every aspect of the game. They test it hundreds of times looking for glitches in the program. The ultimate goal is to fix any problems before the game is released.

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Writing


• Do you think you would like to be

a video game developer? Use

evidence from the text to explain

why or why not.

Vocab

• industry

• process

• potential

Reading

Skills:




Which detail best supports the inference that a degree is not the most important qualification to be a video game developer?

Serious gamers know the industry and often have great ideas for games.

Mose people who choose to go into this field are video garners themselves.

v A person who has created their own games might impress a potential employer even without a degree.

1/3

During this process, the game usually goes through a series of changes and improvements. The developers use feedback and suggestions to improve the game.

A photo of computer scripts

Workplace

Video game developers most often work for companies in an office or studio setting. While developers can work alone, they very often work in teams. Being a video game developer is a 9 to 5 job. It can have stressful times where longer hours are necessary. Developers work with tight deadlines and must fix all problems before a game's release.

Education

Most video game developers earn a bachelor's degree. The degrees can be in multimedia arts, game development, software development. or game design. Some designers go on to earn a Master's degree. While degrees are helpful in this field, what most companies are looking for is experience. A person who has created their own games working with high-tech levels of scripting and code might impress a potential employer more than a degree.

A good work ethic and a love of the video game industry is a must. Most people who choose this field are video gamers themselves. Serious gamers know the industry and often have great ideas for games. If you combine that passion with the knowledge to create the programs, this could be an exciting career path.

Video game developers have starting salaries of around $45,000, but they can grow to well over S120,000 for senior programmers and team leaders.

Not All Fun and Games

Being a video game developer is not all fun and games. In this career, people work very hard. Gamers are often casked with making games that might nor be of interest to them. They still have to put 100 percent of their effort into every project.

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A good work ethic and a love of the video game industry is a must.


Which details support the inference that a history of playing video games can be very helpful in this career? Select all that apply.

Employers look for people with experience writing scripts for video games.

A history of playing video games is not important in this career.

-./ Most people who choose to go into this field are video gamers themselves.

� A great creator must knowand understand video games.


Which details describe the process of creating a video game? Select all that apply.

� A proposal is made by either a computer game developer or a team of game designers.

The computer games developer first needs to hand draw images that will be used in the game.

� The computer gamesdeveloper inputs computerscripting.

2/3

There are also times that developers spend weeks creating a full proposal and the project does not go forward. They need to have a chick skin because not all of their projects will come to fruition. At the end of the day, the company has the final say in what projects move forward.

A photo from a video game

Industry

People working in the video game industry need to stay on the cutting-edge of technology and trends. They need to keep a step ahead with the latest and greatest graphics and game capabilities. This means chat video game developers are always learning. They need to learn new programs and programming languages. They must also keep an eye on what the competition is doing.

In this industry, playing video games is very helpful, but it's also important to know how the industry itself works. It helps to have opinions on what works and what doesn't. A great creator must know the material.

Video game developers create exciting worlds that allow players the immerse themselves in the details of a game. They get to become a character. Video game developers bring chose worlds to life for people everywhere.

-./ The computer games developer then needs to test every aspect of the game.


What is the relationship between testing the games and releasing the final product?

The game goes through many rounds of testing after the final product is released.

A developer is not responsible for testing the video games they create.

- -- ----- ----

-./ Developers test games hundreds of times finding and fixing glitches before releasing the products.

Testing the games gives customers a chance to try the games before they are released to the public.


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Sifting Through the Sands of Time

Freckle Level: 6A

The only word to describe the archaeological dig so far was "pathetic." Dr. Werner and his team of archaeologists had traveled from American to the Sahara Desert in Egypt in hopes of uncovering a new artifact. They wanted to find something that would rewrite ancient history. But so far, they kept digging through sand that just flew into their mouths instead of revealing ancient items.

After digging for several hours, Dr. Werner coughed out, "lfwe don't find anything by sunset, we will stop our dig, and go back home empty-handed. I hope we don't look like fools without any new material for our book."

'Why don't we divide up into pairs and cover more ground?" Dr. Astorino suggested, and Dr. Werner nodded in agreement.

Dr. Werner directed, ''You should go with Dr. Kwame and see what you can find."

The two co-workers headed west. "I've learned that there many secrets in this desert," Dr. Kwame, who grew up in Sudan, shared. He continued to encourage Dr. Astorino, 'We must not give up because Africa is a f�r.!�� land with much history. There is much to discover, and it will probably surprise you."

Dr. Astorino felt like she was baking under the sun. She combed the earth and saw nothing but grain after grain of sand. She became more and more frustrated by the moment. She wanted to drink from her canteen, but needed conserve the water with the beating sun.

"Look over here, Dr. Astorino," Dr. Kwame pointed suddenly to a small mound in the sand. "Researchers have been talking about old pyramids being buried under these mounds. This might be one of them."

Dr. Astorino smirked, thinking that Dr. Kwame had just tried to make her believe an old myth was actually true. ''The buried pyramids are a myth, just like the Easter Bunny and most fairy tales," Dr. Astorino insisted.


Writing


• Imagine the team of archeologists

just made the greatest discovery

of their careers. Narrate the next

part of the story as they reveal the

truth!

Vocab

• artifact

• fertile

• distinct

Reading

Skills:




How do Dr. Kwame's actions contribute to the development of the theme?

Dr. Kwame's faith in the Egyptian pyramids leads the team on a foolish pursuit.

.,, Dr. Kwame's suspension of disbelief encourages the team to explore further, leading to success.

Dr. Kwame's criticism of the dig eventually leads them to abort their research.

1/3

Dr. Kwame lowered his voice, knowing that if he shouted his

beliefs, the visiting doctor would believe him even less. "Listen,"

he said calmly, "This land is my home, and I am just asking you to consider the possibility. What do you have to lose?"

The African archeologist stopped speaking and started digging, while Dr. Astorino caught his enthusiasm and reluctantly joined

in. Within minutes, Dr. Kwame had a good reason to raise his voice. He shouted for the group to come over. His voice echoed

through the open space. Dr. Werner and the rest of the team

were soon working together. They unearthed a distinct pointed

shape that resembled a triangle.

"Could it really be?" Dr. Astorino breathed in amazement.

''There could be a whole civilization buried under this sand, washed away from the Great Flood," Dr. Werner said, rubbing his hands together.

"I told you that Africa is a place of fascinating secrets," Dr. Kwame grinned, his voice once again level, and satisfied.

The group worked until sundown, uncovering the remains of a pyramid inch by inch. At the end of the day, the team returned to their campsite for one final night under the desert stars. The archeologists knew their book would be fascinating. It might even

become a bestseller.

Inside her tent that night, Dr. Astorino opened a novel, a

paranormal ghost story. She had bought it by accident at the

airport in Cairo-or perhaps, it was no accident at all.


Dr. Kwame's criticism of their expectation of discovering a pyramid highlights the team's foolishness.


Which quote helps develop the theme?

"Dr. Astorino felt like she was baking under the sun."

"Frustrated, she combed the earth and saw nothing but grain after grain of sand."

,., "I told you that Africa is a place of fascinating secrets that defy reason."

"So far, all they had found was endless sand that that flew into their mouths with every breeze."

RL3: Plot & Characters

Which sentence best describes how Dr. Astorino changes over the course of the story?

,., Dr. Astorino changes from doubtful to hopeful.

Dr. Astorino changes from hopeful to pessimistic.

Dr. Astorino changes from helpful to antagonistic.

Dr. Astorino changes from loyal to faithless

2/3


How does the conflict resolve over the

course of the story?

The team of archaeologists band together to defeat the evil Egyptian spirit they unearth.

The team of archaeologists run out of funds for their dig, and must return home.

The team of archaeologists eventually kick out the main antagonist from their research project

.,,,, The frustrated team of archaeologists continue their dig against their better judgment, and eventually find something remarkable.


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Police Officer

Freckle Level: 6B

I am a police officer. I took an oath to protect and serve our town. When I was a child, police officers were my heroes. They kept people safe and made the world a better place. So, naturally, when I grew up, this is the career path I chose to follow.

A�er high school, I attended a four-year college. I earned a degree in criminal l':-1.�!(�� .. Having this degree helped prepare me for my job at the police station. I had a solid understanding of the criminal J':-1.�!!�� system, which provided a good foundation for my career.

Before I could apply to be an officer, I had to pass a pass physical fitness test. There were also medical, vision, and hearing requirements. As part of the hiring process, I had many interviews. They also did a background check. Police officers are not allowed to have a felony record, so the background check is a very important part of the process. There was also a written exam, a drug test, and a psychological evaluation. All of these tests made sure that I was really ready to be a police officer.

A police officer stands near his car

The Police Academy

I was hired as a police officer in my hometown. Before I could start the job, I needed to go to the police training academy. A training academy is where new recruits train to be police officers. My training at the academy lasted six months. It was very intense.

Every morning we woke up at SAM and did physical training. This included running, sit-ups, push-ups, and many other kinds of drills. Then we did academic classes. We trained our bodies and our minds to become police officers. I learned self-defense tactics to help protect myself in different situations. Learning

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Writing

Skills: Argument, Writing Conventions • Would you enjoy being a police

officer? Use evidence from the text to support your position.

Vocab

• justice• process• intense• academic• tactics• primary

Reading

Skills:




Which details show the main idea that police officers keep people safe? Select all that apply.

Police officers don't work a normal 9-to-5 workday

� Police officers take an oath toprotect and serve the town.

� Policer officers respond to911 calls.

1/3

how to use a firearm was also an important part of my training. I hope I never need to use it in the line of duty, but all police officers must be fully trained to use a gun when necessary. Recruits must pass target tests with accuracy to complete their training.

After completing my training at the police academy, I was ready to start my career as a police officer.

A police car

A Day on the Job

On my first day as an officer, my primary job was traffic duty. When I saw someone speeding, I would give them a ticket. I would also pull drivers over if they didn't completely stop at stop signs, as well as for other traffic violations. Another part of my traffic duty was directing cars around work zones. If a road only had one lane open, I would alternate traffic back and forth across the lane.

Now that I'm more experienced, I can go out on emergency calls. If someone dials 911, I can respond to the call. Depending on what kind of help is needed, I either go alone or with a partner. We often get 911 calls for robberies. It is my job to go to the scene and interview any witnesses.

We also get 911 calls for car accidents. When an accident happens, I often arrive first at the scene. I make sure everyone is okay. If anyone is hurt, I call for an ambulance. Once the people and the scene are safe, I determine how the accident happened and who is at fault.

An officer directing traffic

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Police officers wake up at SAM to do physical training.



Police officers stay in shape.

_., Police officers keep people safe and serve the community.

Police officers have to pass many tests.

Police officers work long hours.



Witnesses always know who comitted the crime.

_., Training both your body and mind is very important for police officers.

_., There are a lot of requirements to meet before you can become a police officer.

Traffic duty is always the first job for a police officer.


What can you infer based on this detail: "Depending on what kind of help is needed, I either go alone or with a partner." Select all that apply.

2/3

Not Your Average Job

Being a police officer is not your average job. I don't work a normal 9-to-5 workday. In fact, sometimes I work the night shift and other times I work during the day. Police departments are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. This means we need to work

all different shifts to cover the hours.

I knew this career would not be easy. Being a police officer can be stressful and dangerous. Keeping crime off the streets puts

me in some scary situations. But, I'm doing my part to help stop crime in my town. The most important part of my job is serving my community. I love being a police officer.

If an officer is responding to a call that sounds exciting, they can bring a partner.

� If the officer is responding to a non-dangerous call, they can respond alone.

� If the 911 is dangerous, the officer will go with a partner.

Officers go alone on 911 calls if everyone else is busy.


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Jimmy Carter

Freckle Level: 6C

Jimmy Carter was the 39th President of the United States. He is

also known as a great humanitarian. Since leaving office, he has

devoted his life to peace and and improving the welfare of people.


Early Life

Jimmy was born on October 1, 1924, in Plains, Georgia. His father,

James Sr., was a peanut farmer, while his mother, Bessie, was a nurse. He grew up in a rural town and began working at his

father's store at just 10 years old.

In 1941, Jimmy was the first person on his father's side of the family to graduate from high school. He went on to study at Georgia Southwestern Junior College and then joined the Naval

Academy in Annapolis, Maryland. Jimmy was skilled in electronics and naval tactics. After graduation, he married his long-time

friend Rosalynn Smith.

The Carters spent the early years of their marriage frequently

moving with Jimmy's naval assignments, where he worked on the nation's first nuclear-powered submarines. During this time, the Carters had four children: John, James, Donnel, and Amy.

After the death of his father, Jimmy moved back home to take over the family farm. He also got involved in local politics beginning with the local Board of Education.

https://classroom.freckle.com/#/ela/articles/c2f96649-1 d42-4bdc-90d 1-e 1 efc0704805

Writing


• In your opinion, what was the

most important decision

President Carter made during his

political career?

Vocab

• devoted

• tactics

• politics

• ensure

• landslide

• reputation

• controversial

• progressive

• democratic

• integrity

• establishment

• established

Reading

Skills:




Which statements can be inferred from the passage as a whole? Select

all that apply.

President Carter knew that politicians could not always show integrity.

1/3

A photo of President Carter having a conversation

A New South

In 1962, the Supreme Court required that voting districts be redrawn to ensure that all candidates had a fair chance at election. Jimmy wanted to bring change to the region, so he took this opportunity to run for the Senate. His opponent, Homer Moore, won in a landslide victory, but it became apparent that the win was the result of voter fraud. Jimmy appealed the election and a judge ordered that the votes be recounted. Jimmy was the real winner of the election.

Carter earned the reputation as a conservative, independent politician. He cut wasteful spending and vehemently supported civil rights.

In 1966, Carter ran for governor of Georgia. He lost to Lester Maddox, a supporter of the old South and segregation. At the time, Georgia's governors had a one-term limit. Jimmy immediately began his campaign for the 1970 election. He targeted the rural white voters who thought he was too liberal in the previous election. In a controversial move, Jimmy publicly opposed busing as a method of integrating public schools. He limited public appearances with black leaders and actively sought the endorsements of noted supporters of segregation.

This change in his commitment to civil rights drew harsh criticism. Nevertheless, the strategy worked, and he won the 1970 election. Upon becoming governor, Jimmy returned to his progressive values and called for an end to segregation. He also increased the number of black officials in the state government by 25 percent.

New Goals

In the 1970s, national e<?l(�i!=_� was in disarray. The Watergate scandal shattered the American people's confidence in the government. Jimmy felt the nation's next president needed to be a Washington outsider to win back America's trust. He was up to the task.

Jimmy was one of 10 candidates for the Democratic presidential nomination in 1976. Although he was the least well-known, Carter used this to his advantage. People were frustrated with

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Without his childhood struggles, Carter could have not understood the troubles millions of Americans face.

� President Carter has strong personal values that he upholds.

� President Carter knew he could enact positive change by starting his career in politics.


What can you infer based on this

detail: "He also got involved in local

politics beginning with the local Board

of Education."

� President Carter started to realize that he could uphold some of his values and make positive change.

President Carter was interested in becoming a teacher.

President Carter was experienced in running for political office.

Without the Board of Education, Carter would have had no impact in politics.


Why does the author include examples of President Carter's accomplishments after his presidency?

To make the reader realize President Carter has not been properly recognized for his successes

2/3

politicians, and Jimmy was relatively unknown in big government. He campaigned on the platforms of reducing government waste, balancing the budget, and helping the poor. What appealed most to people, however, was Carter's integr�ty.

He secured the Democratic nomination to challenge Gerald Ford, who had taken over the presidency a�er President Nixon resigned. He won the election by a narrow margin, becoming the 39th President of the United Scates.

Presidency

Carter brought a new kind of leadership to the presidency. He served in the position from 1977 to 1981. His administration saw many significant accomplishments. They include the Panama Canal treaties, the treaty of peace between Egypt and Israel, and the establishment of U.S. diplomatic relations with the People's Republic of China.


Other Accomplishments

Jimmy Carter has authored more than 30 books. He established The Carter Center in 1982, which is a nonpartisan and nonprofit organization that addresses national and international issues of public policy. The Center helps resolve international conflict, promotes democracy, and protects human rights.

On December 10, 2002, President Carter received the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts in finding peaceful solutions to international conflicts and advancing democracy and human rights.

President Carter and his wife also volunteer for each year for Habitat for Humanity, an organization that helps people build homes. Even in his 90s, he actively participates in building houses, as well as teaches Sunday school.

To show how President Carter is still involved in politics

� To demonstrate his longlasting impact and committment to improving our world

To explain the reasons why President Carter was a successful politician


Which detail best illustrates that President Carter is a virtuous leader?

"He limited public appearances with black leaders and actively sought the endorsements of noted supporters of segregation."

� "He cut wasteful spending and vehemently supported civil rights."

"He secured the Democratic nomination to challenge Gerald Ford, who had taken over the presidency after President Nixon resigned."

"Carter brought a new kind of leadership to the presidency."


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Teachings of Confucius

Freckle Level: 6A

What is Confucianist thought and when did it originate? Born in the sixth century BCE, Confucius shared ideas that still influence China today. Throughout his life in China's Zhou Dynasty, Confucius served roles including teacher and politician. The most important role he played was philosopher. His teachings reflect universal ideas and have been shared since ancient times.

Painting of Confucius, 1770

The Five Classics

The Five Classics are the basis of Confucianist philosophy yet were not written by Confucius himself. Rather, the books are a collection of thoughts, sayings and history compiled and edited by Confucius.

The first book, Classic of Poetry, is an anthology of poems, hymns, songs, and eulogies. The next is called the Book of Documents, which contains speeches and other political writings. Some historians claim the book is the oldest Chinese narrative as it was written around the sixth century BCE. The Book of Rices tells of ancient Chinese ceremonies. The Book of Changes is concerned with the divine. Finally, the Spring and Autumn Annals provide a historical record of the State of Lu where Confucius was born.

Translated into virtually every modern language, the Five Classics are studied at universities worldwide.

https://classroom. freckle. com/#/ela/articles/ 1 f ef67 dd-664 2-4 292-b6e 7 -ea66bd6bbe51

Writing

Skills: Informative, Writing Conventions

• Explain the idea of meritocracy

and where you see examples of

meritocracy today in your school

or country.

Vocab

• philosopher

• classic• politics

• scholar

• equality

• impact• poverty

• diverse• approximately

Reading

Skills:


• Rl.4: Word Meaning & Choice


Which of the following statements are true about the imperial examination system? Select all that apply.

Only the wealthy were eligible for the imperial examination system.

1/4

The Book of Rites, one of the Five Classics

Confucianist Theology & Ethics

Theology was not the main concern of Confucius who was more focused on politics and ethics. However, Confucius did contribute several theological ideas to Chinese culture.

Modern scholar Huang Yong has discussed Confucianist theology in terms of a transcendent God. This transcendent God is everywhere. Since God is everywhere, he never abandons people. Secondly, Yong claims that Confucianist thought presents God as the ultimate reality in the world. Both interpretations are a positive theology that place God in a loving light.

Confucianist ethics are straightforward and similar to the Golden Rule of the Christian bible: Do unto others as you would have others do unto you. Confucius tried to live an ethical life based on kindness, equality, and harmony.

Confucius also identified relationships that he believed made society successful. Called The Five Bonds, these relationships were: ruler to ruled, father to son, husband to wife, elder brother to younger brother, and friend to friend. Each relationship had its own set of duties.

Overall, Confucius's ideas were more practical than theological, but he had an !�R?_� in both areas.

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PRll'ICll•J�

CONFUCII VI T ,\

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��j Writings of Confucius translated into Latin

Meritocracy

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.., Anybody was eligible to submit to the imperial examination system .

.., It was based on the Confucianist ideal of fairness and began during the Han Dynasty.

It was created during the Zhou Dynasty and focused on royalty.


Which detail from the text supports the claim that speaking a kind word could be interpreted as practicing Confucianism?

Both interpretations are a positive theology that place God in a loving light.

Approximately six million people practice Confucianism, but that number may not be accurate when one considers how universal Confucius's teachings were.

.., Confucius tried to live an ethical life based on kindness, equality, and harmony.

Confucius also identified relationships that he believed made society successful.


Which of the following inferences could be made from the text? Select all that apply.

2/4

In politics, meritocracy is the belief that power should be assigned to talented individuals. Meritocracy is a contrast to royal political structures in which power is automatically given at birth. Confucius was a supporter of meritocracy and his influence in this area changed China.

Based on meritocracy, the imperial examination system began during the Han Dynasty. Although Confucius had died centuries before the Han Dynasty formed in 206 BCE, his ideas provided the foundation. Under this new system, any individual who passed an examination would be eligible to become a government official. It did not matter whether this individual had been born into wealth or p9_��-r:t_x. The only assessment would be merit.

The imperial examination system, which lasted until 1905, is rooted in the Confucianist ideal of fairness.

The world's largest Confucius statue in Japan

Confucianism Today

In 2017, Confucianism is not only practiced in China but also in other East Asian countries, such as Korea and Vietnam. Furthermore, Confucianism has spread throughout the world. Adherents may be found in such diverse places as North America and Europe.

Approximately six million people practice Confucianism, but that number may not be accurate when one considers how universal Confucius's teachings were. One could argue that someone practices Confucianism simply by speaking a kind word or working as a cooperative member of a team.

https://classroom .freckle. com/#/ela/a rticles/1 fef6 7 dd-664 2-4 292-b6e 7 -ea66 bd6bbe51

Confucius believed in and taught about the core values of capitalism and material wealth.

� Confucius believed in and taught about the core values of competition and democracy.

Although Confucius believed in kindness and fairness, he also taught about how to use the system to succeed.

� Confucius' ideas did not become part of mainstream political thought in China until centuries after his death.


In what ways did the imperial examination system implement a meritocracy? Select all that apply.

The system granted power to those who were part of the royal family by birth.

The system focused on the wealth of the individual as well as their merit by examination.

� The system focused solely on the merit of an individual based on an examination.

� The system was focused on fairness and assigning power to those with talent.


How does the word "virtually" affect the meaning of the sentence "Translated into virtually every modern language, the Five Classics are studied at universities worldwide."?

3/4

� It means that the Five Classics have been translated into almost every modern language.

It means that the Five Classics have been translated into a few of the modern languages.

It means that the Five Classics have been translated into a digital format.

It means that the Five Classics have been translated into every single modern language.


What does the word "imperial" mean as used in the phrase aimperial

examination system11?

the policy of extending the country's power through military force

� put into place by the king or emperor

the system was used to find the next king

having to do with a measurement system for distances and quantities


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Real World

Freckle Level: GA

For our 8th-grade field trip, my class went on a camping adventure to the Blue Ridge Mountains. Most of us were excited because we live in Atlanta, and camping is not an activity anyone can do in the big city. So, I packed my camping gear along with a rain jacket, extra blanket, and my smartphone, of course. But one of those things would be useless to me by the time we reached the campsite. I almost wanted to turn back when I found out what this "adventure" was really all about.

The bus jerked to a stop at the edge of the woods where mountains shimmered in the background. It was twilight, and I felt like I could reach out and touch both the mountaintops and the stars that were never visible in the artificial light of Atlanta. The view was amazing, bu-ta text message from my sister back home soon stole my attention.

As I was scrolling through my messages, our class leader, Jared, made an announcement: "From this point on, all electronics are forbidden, so turn off your phones and don't turn them on again until we board this bus to return to Atlanta. Anyone who disobeys the rule will have their phones immediately confiscated and held until the end of the trip.''

The bus erupted in grumbles and complaints. I hesitantly shut my phone down, wondering how I was going to live without a connection to the outside world. Jared went on, "This camping trip is an opportunity for us to get back to nature. We're leaving the virtual world behind and rejoining the real world!"

The students were still whining as we trudged off the bus, and I think I may have heard a sigh come from my own mouth. This little experiment was going to be an exercise in torture. I already missed the familiarity of the city.

About an hour later, I unrolled my sleeping bag and settled in, automatically reaching for my phone. I remembered the rules for the camping trip and rolled my eyes. My fingers itched to turn on the phone. What if I had missed a message from someone? What if there was an email announcing the results of the art contest I had entered? Not using my phone was really hard.

The next morning, I awoke and again automatically reached for my phone, gritting my teeth as Jared's voice replayed in my mind. Fighting the temptation to break the rules, I got dressed. Our first

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Writing

Skills: Argument, Writing Conventions • Do you think the narrator of the

story will use the phone less aftercoming back from the trip? Whyor why not?

Vocab

• visible

Reading

Skills:




Which of these is a good summary sentence for the story?

On a school camping trip, a student misses her electronic devices so much that she leaves early.

., On a class camping trip, a student finds out that electronics are not as important as she thought.

Students on a bus complain about their class leader and his "no electronics" policy.

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activity of the trip was a team-building exercise climbing ropes in

the forest. To my surprise, the rope-climbing took all my mental

concentration and physical strength. I gripped the ropes until the

palms of my hands burned and my shoulder muscles ached. Soon, I forgot about my phone back in the cabin.

In the afternoon, our science teacher led us to a stream to

explain the different types of flora and fauna. Then, we went on a

nature walk trying to identify species of flowers and plants. By

sunset, I was exhausted from the day's activities, but there was still more to do. We each prepared our own dinner of beans and

corn and then sat in a circle on the ground to tell funny stories.

When my head finally hit the pillow, I realized that I hadn't thought about my phone since I woke up.

The rest of the camping trip passed in a whirlwind and I no

longer reached for my phone. The other campers didn't seem to be missing their phones either. We were all too busy exploring

the forest, spotting butterflies and gathering wild berries to eat

with our fire-cooked meals. By the last day of the trip, I didn't want to go back to Atlanta. When we boarded the bus, no one

turned on their phones. As the bus wound through the woods and out onto the paved road, I looked back at the real world, sad

to leave it behind.

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Students learn how to cook their own meals and discover flora and fauna in the woods.


How does the following detail develop

a theme about growth?

"The rest of the camping trip passed

in a whirlwind and I no longer reached for my phone. The other campers

didn't seem to be missing their phones

either'.

The characters in the story grew to understand that living without electronics for a couple of days was torture.

The characters grew to understand that electronics are bad and that no one should use them

.,, The characters in the story grew to understand that electronics are not as important as they thought.

The characters grew to understand that camping is the only way to get an appreciation for nature.


What is the major conflict in the

passage?

.,, The narrator does not want to turn off her phone during a camping trip.

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The narrator gets lost in the woods and relies on her phone to find her way.

Students go on a field trip to a wooded area where they hike, climb ropes, and cook.

Students go on a camping trip and leave all their electronics at home.

RL3: Plot & Characters

Which detail shows the turning point in the story?

"The next morning, I awoke and again automatically reached for my phone, gritting my teeth as Jared's voice replayed in my mind."

"About an hour later, I unrolled my sleeping bag and settled in, automatically reaching for my phone."

.., "When my head finally hit the pillow, I realized that I hadn't thought about my phone since I woke up."

"In the afternoon, our science teacher led us to a stream to explain the different types of flora and fauna."


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Composer

Freckle Level: 6C

A composer is someone who writes and directs original music. Composers produce music for orchestras and musicians. Their work is used in movies, television shows, commercials, and even video games. A composer's job is to help tell the story of a film or other project through music. Composers work either at home or in studios to arrange and compose music. Typically, they are proficient at more than one instrument.

Composers of the Past

Musical composers date all the way back to 200 BCE. Ancient Greek scholars found the Seiki/as epitaph, which is the oldest example of a musical composition in the world. Musical composition styles have gone through many changes since then.

In the 1600s, composers like Johann Sebastian Bach and George Frideric Handel were among the most famous in the world. This time period was referred to as the Baroque Era. This era of music provided contrast as a dramatic element. In other words, the use of loud versus soft played an important role.

Later in the 1800s, composers entered the Classical Era. Melodies were lighter and people took an interest in composers like Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludvig van Beethoven. One of the biggest changes in the Classical Era was that composers would have public concerts, which brought their music to a wider audience.

A picture of Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

Today's Role of a Composer

Times have changed in the way we share music since then. Composers no longer rely on public concerts to share their work. Music can be easily shared through the Internet. But, the role of a

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Writing


• Do you feel you would make a

good composer? Use evidence

from the test to support your

answer.

Vocab

• composition

• process

• composed

Reading

Skills:




Which claim is not supported by evidence in the text?

Times have changed in the way we share music.

� Most composers write music just for movies.

A composer needs a good understanding of modern equipment.

� The use of the "click-track" helps the composer synchronize the music to the movie.

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composer in today's society has also changed with today's technology.

While some composers write music for a general audience, most write for specific projects. They are often used for writing music for movies. Every movie in the theater has a musical score. If you take that music away, the movie would be drastically different. The music helps tell the story in a subtle way.

Directors ask composers to bring different moods to scenes of a movie through music. Think about the movie Jaws. When the shark is about to appear, how do you know it's coming? The music is giving the clues! Composers use music throughout films to help convey the director's vision for each scene.

The Music Composition Process

Being a composer today is not as simple as sitting down to write music at a piano, like Mozart or Beethoven may have done. A composer needs a good understanding of the modern equipment needed to compose and record their music. Composers work with advanced sound equipment to create digital recordings.

Today, the composer must be able to both write and produce the end product. A computer is often used as a base for a composer to work from. Computers offer a large variety of both hardware and software options. Other equipment can include synthesizers, drum samplers, and an effects board.

Composing music typically involves creating musical notation,

such as sheet music. Once the music has been written, the composer must arrange it so it can be performed. This process is called orchestration. During orchestration, the composer takes the music, line by line, and arranges it for each member of the orchestra. Some instruments will play the main melody. Others will play the harmony or only come in for different effects.

When the music has been composed and orchestrated, it is performed by an orchestra or ensemble. The orchestra often performs in front of a large screen that is playing the film. The conductor and musicians wear headphones that play a series of clicks called a "click-track." The click-track gives audio cues to the composer and musicians that help synchronize the music with the movie.

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Is the following claim supported in the text?

"Composers use music throughout

films to help convey the director's

vision for each scene."

.., Yes, because the author explains how directors ask composers to evoke different moods.

No, because the director plans all music for the movie.

Yes, because composers create a different arrangement for every member of the orchestra.

No, because composers write music for a general audience.



.., Writing music for movies is a detailed process.

Composers do not have to understand the movie to write music for it.

.., The composer writes music to help tell a story.

The musical score is the most important part of a movie.


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A music synthesizer

Listen to the Music

The next time you sit down to watch Harry Potter.Jaws, or Star

Wars, take a moment to notice the music by John Williams in the background. Composers do an amazing job of blending the music so it doesn't distract from the film.

Today's composers travel all over the world to work on different projects. The average lower budget film pays composers between $20,000 to $40,000. Larger projects can pay more than $1 million per film. If you have strong interests in music and technology, a career as a composer might be a good fit.

Which detail supports the author's statement that

"Times have changed in the way we

share music'?

Concerts are the best way to share your music with an audience.

Composers use high-quality sound equipment to share music.

Composers write and produce the end product of music.

� Music can be easily shared through the Internet.

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