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6.12CD Classification of Organisms

Picture Vocabulary

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Taxonomy

The branch of science that formally names and classifies organisms by

their structure, function, and relationships.


Structure

The arrangement of parts to form a living thing.


Eukaryotic

A cell containing a membrane-enclosed nucleus and organelles.


Prokaryotic

A cell lacking a nucleus or any other membrane-enclosed organelle.


Unicellular

An organism made up of one cell.

Shown is one type of unicellular organism

Another type of unicellular organism

Yet another type of unicellular organism


Multicellular

An organism made up of more than one, often different, cells.


Function

The special activity of a part.


A butterfly sucks up nectar through its proboscis, a hollow mouthpart.

Autotrophic

An organism that is able to make its own food.


Heterotrophic

An organism that cannot make its own food.


Reproduction

The process of an organism producing more of its own kind.

Hydra budding


Sexual

A method of reproduction that requires both a male and female parent.


Asexual

A method of reproduction that requires only one parent.


Domains

The primary or highest rank of organisms which includes three groups: Archaea,

Bacteria, and Eukarya.


Domain Bacteria

One of the three taxonomic domains; includes prokaryotic, single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus and

can be classified by shape.


Domain Archaea

One of the three taxonomic domains; includes unicellular organisms that are

prokaryotic like bacteria, but also share characteristics with eukaryotes.


Domain Eukarya

One of the three taxonomic domains of organisms; cells contain a membrane-enclosed nucleus.


Kingdoms

A taxonomic rank below domain composed of smaller groups: Archaea, Bacteria,

Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.


Kingdom Bacteria

Prokaryotic, single-celled organisms that lack a membrane-enclosed nucleus and

can be classified by shape.


Bacteria Colonies in Petri Dishes Bacteria Colony

Kingdom Protista

Single-celled and simple multiple-celled eukaryotic organisms.


Kingdom Fungi

Heterotrophic eukaryotes that reproduce through asexual spores and have chitin in their cell walls.


Kingdom Plantae

Autotrophic eukaryotes that includes all plants.


Kingdom Animalia

Heterotrophic eukaryotes that includes all animals.


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