6.1 Aryan InvasionEssential Question: How does religion shape society? Standard 6.24 and 6.25

Success Criteria:

1. The caste system emerged, or began, in India under which group of people?

2. Which is true about the Aryan invasion?

a. They bring religious beliefs

b. They bring new farming techniques

c. They bring a new language

d. They bring a social hierarchy

3. Label the castes …

4. What was their religion first called? What is it called today?

VocabularyBrahmanism

Brahmans

Sacred songs

The Vedas

Hymns

Caste System

Reincarnation

Hinduism

Roll a ResponseDirections:

Group randomly draws dice dots in the boxes.

Chunk the ppt and onesheet, reading aloud with your group.

Fill out onesheet until the lights go out.

When lights go out, 12:00 person rolls the dice. Whole group discusses or does what was rolled.

Present: Be ready to share and learn from each group.

When lights go on, continue chunking and reading.

Compare an event from this

lesson to something that’s happened in another civilization.

Retell what has happened so far.

Describe the most important

people in this lesson with 3 good details.

Summarize the latest chunk into

your words.

Quick draw a significant event

from this lesson.

Provide evidence for one of the

success criteria.

BrahmanismRemember? Aryans were not a race or ethnic group. They were part of a language family-group of similar languages. They had lived in central Asia, but migrated to India c. 2000 – 500 BC.

Nomads

1. Expert horse riders that herded their cattle and sheep

2. Cattle was wealth

3. Brought religious beliefs, new farming techniques, new social structure (hierarchy), and a new language

Sum it UpMixed with people from India

Aryans were Polytheistic

Lived in tribes◦ Tribes led by raja or prince

◦ Early religion was called Brahmanism, but the religion would change because they would question how the world began and how it works.

◦ Had no written language

◦ Brahmans/priests developed a written language called Sanskrit. Brahmans wrote down their sacred stories of their gods into The Vedas

◦ Gave people a way to record sales, trade, land ownership, poems, hymns, stories, prayers

Brahmanism Changes into Hinduism

Harappans, meanwhile, learned ancient Aryan songs about how the world works. These songs, believed to be holy, were passed down by oral tradition. Around 600 B.C. the sacred songs were finally collected. The books containing them were called the Vedas, or “Books of Knowledge.”

The Vedas

The Vedas were the first building blocks of Hinduism. They told Hindus how they should live, and explained life.

The oldest Veda has more than 1,000 hymns (songs).

It says that the world is run by many gods and goddesses.

Which Hindu goddess does the above hymn praise?

What are her “twinkling eyes”?

Song from the Rig Veda, first written down in

about 1000 B.C.

Goddess Night, with all her twinkling eyes,

To different points in splendor she comes.

Immortal, she broods over the high and low; The

Goddess, with her faze, lightens the dark. In her

trail, her sister Dawn follows, And with her the

darkness vanishes… The villagers, all that files and

walks

Are closed in their homes. Even vultures ignore

their prey. O Night, fence off the wolf and its mate;

Fence off the thief. Be easy for us to pass. Bright,

she has come near me, the darkness subdued

With light’s promise. Dawn, cancel darkness.

Aryans brought this new system of social hierarchyIndia is divided into four social classes called varnas or castes

People were members of the caste into which they were born

Brahmins-priests

Kshatriyas-warriors

Vaisyas-commoners

Sudra-manual workers

Hinduism and Culture

The Vedas explain the castes

The Caste System

Gods

◦ People remain in caste for life

◦ Untouchables◦ Lowest level of society

◦ They did work that Indians would not do

◦ Collecting trash

◦ Skinning animals

◦ Carrying dead bodies

Untouchables click for video~ 4 mins

Reincarnation

Explain how this image represents reincarnation.

6.1 Aryan InvasionEssential Question: How does religion shape society? Standard 6.24 and 6.25

Success Criteria:

1. The caste system emerged, or began, in India under which group of people?

2. Which is true about the Aryan invasion?

a. They bring religious beliefs

b. They bring new farming techniques

c. They bring a new language

d. They bring a social hierarchy

3. Label the castes …

4. What was their religion first called? What is it called today?

Back of Aryan Invasion OnesheetImportance of Duty

Essential Question: How does religion shape society? Standard 6.24 and 6.25

Success Criteria:

1. What does dharma mean? In what sacred text is one’s dharma described?

2. Describe a law/duty of each caste of society. (Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Sudras, Untouchables)

3. The Bhagavad Gita, another important Hindu book, describes the roles of specific Hindu deities.

A. Which god is the one universal spirit and Creator (not goddess)?

B. Which god is the Destroyer?

VocabDharma

Bhagavad Gita

Vishnu

Shiva

Devi

Brahman

Importance of Duty

धर्मः तस्र्ाद्धर्ामत ्परं नास््य ्अथो अबलीयान ्बलीयााँसर्ाशाँसते धरे्ण यथा राज्ञैवर् ्।यो वै स धर्मः स्यं वै तत ्तस्र्ा्स्यं वदन्तर्ाहुर ्धर् ंवदतीतत धर् ंवा वदन्ताँ स्यं वदती्य ्एतद्ध्येवैतदभुयं भवतत ।।Nothing is higher than Dharma. The weak overcomes the stronger by Dharma, as over a king. Truly that Dharma is the Truth (Satya); Therefore, when a man speaks the Truth, they say, "He speaks the Dharma"; and if he speaks Dharma, they say, "He speaks the Truth!" For both are one.

— Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, 1.4.xiv

Dharma

Many Paths to Truth

Bhagavad Gita – another important Hindu book, describes the roles of deities

Brahman - Creator god andUniversal Spirit

Shiva – god of Time and DestructionVishnu – god of AllDevi – Mother of All Creation

Back of Aryan Invasion OnesheetImportance of Duty

Essential Question: How does religion shape society? Standard 6.24 and 6.25

Success Criteria:

1. What does dharma mean? In what sacred text is one’s dharma described?

2. Describe a law/duty of each caste of society. (Brahmans, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas, Sudras, Untouchables)

3. The Bhagavad Gita, another important Hindu book, describes the roles of specific Hindu deities.

A. Which god is the one universal spirit and Creator (not goddess)?

B. Which god is the Destroyer?