6 shikhok sohaika pre primary

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv

m~wPcÎ

welq c„ôv

f‚wgKv 1

jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ 2

g~jbxwZ 3

wkïi weKvk I weKv‡ki †ÿÎ 5

AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv 6

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi wewfbœ KvR 7

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi wkLb-‡kLv‡bv mvgMÖxi ZvwjKv I e¨envi wb‡`©kbv 8

mvßvwnK K¬vm iæwUb 10

evrmwiK cwiKíbv †_‡K mvßvwnK iæwUb Abyhvwq •`wbK cvV

cwiKíbv •Zwi

11

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi •ewkó¨ 11

wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ Z_¨ I wb‡`©kvewj 13

cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek 19

cwiwPwZ 20

wb‡Ri cwiwPwZ 20

we`¨vjq cwiwPwZ 20

mncvVx I we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK‡`i mv‡_ cwiwPwZ 21

wkLb mvgMÖxi cwiwPwZ 22

•bwK mgv‡ek 23

Kzkj wewbgq 23

RvZxq msMxZ 23

fve wewbgq 24

cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv 24

e¨vqvg 26

f‚wgKv 27

wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ wb‡`©kbv 27

e¨vqvg I e¨vqg Ki‡bvi wb‡`©kbv 28

m„Rbkxj KvR 47

Qov 48

Mv 61

Mí 71

Awfbq 88

Pviæ KvR 89

Kviæ KvR| 93

wkÿK mnvwqKv

welq c„ôv

fvlvi KvR 99

†kvbv- ejv 100

cov ( cÖvK-MVb) 104

†jLv (cÖvK-wjLb) 110

MwY‡Zi KvR 113

cÖvK-MvwbwZK aviYv 114

msL¨vi aviYv 121

†hv‡Mi aviYv 124

we‡qv‡Mi aviYv 125

†jLv 127

f‚wgKv 128

B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv 128

B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv cwiPvjbvi wbqg 128

B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljvq wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq 129

B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljvi DcKiY 132

wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv 135

wb‡`©kbvi †Ljvi (Guided play) ZvwjKv 135

wb‡`©kbvi †Ljvi gva¨‡g wkïi Kvw•LZ `ÿZvmg~n 135

wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv cwiPvjbvq wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq 136

†Ljv cwiPvjbvi wbqg 137

Ab¨vb¨ KvR 157

cwi‡ek 158

weÁvb 164

cÖhyw³ 168

¯v ’¨ 171

wbivcËv 179

mgvcbx 185

cÖ‡R± IqvK© 186

AwffveK mfv I g~j¨vqb 190

AwffveK mfv 191

g~j¨vqb 197

evrmwiK cvV cwiKíbv 202

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv 1

f‚wgKv

jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨

g~jbxwZ

wkïi weKvk I weKv‡ki †ÿÎ

AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi wewfbœ KvR

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi wkLb-†kLv‡bv mvgMÖxi

ZvwjKv I e¨envi wb‡`©kbv

mvßvwnK K¬vm iæwUb

evrmwiK cwiKíbv †_‡K mvßvwnK iæwUb

Abyhvwq •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi •ewkó¨

wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ Z_¨ I wb‡`©kvewj

wkÿK mnvwqKv 2

1. jÿ I D‡Ïk¨

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv ev wcÖ-¯‥zj n‡jv AvbyôvwbK cÖv_wgK wkÿvi c~e©eZx© GK eQi †gqvw` wkÿv Íi †hLv‡b

wkïi mvwe©K weKvk wbwðZ Kivi cvkvcvwk AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi wkïi ¯Ztù‚Z© Awf‡lK NUv‡bvi Rb¨

cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖ ‧wZi eë¯v wbwðZ Kiv nq| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv g~jZ 5-6 eQi eqmx wkï‡ì kvixwiK,

gvbwmK, eyw×e„wËK, fvlvMZ I mvgvwRK weKv‡ki gReyZ wfwË •Zwi K‡i _v‡K| GB wfwË wkï‡ì cÖv_wgK

wkÿvi Rb¨ cÖ ‧wZ‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L|

1.1 jÿ¨

Avb›`gq I wkïevÜe cwi‡e‡k cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi eqmx wkï‡ì (5+ eQi) eqm I mvg_©¨ Abyhvqx

kvixwiK, gvbwmK, Av‡ewMK, mvgvwRK, bv›`wbK, eyw×e„Ëxq I fvlve„Ëxq Z_v mvwe©K weKv‡k mnvqZv w`‡q

AvRxeb wkL‡bi wfwË iPbv Kiv Ges cÖv_wgK wkÿvi A½‡b Zv‡ì mvb›` I ¯Ztù‚Z© Awf‡lK NUv‡bv|

1.2 D‡Ïk¨

K) Avb›`gq I wkïevÜe cwi‡e‡k wewfbœ †Ljv I Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g wkïi mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM m„wó Kiv:

L) †kLvi cÖwZ BwZevPK g‡bvfve m„wó Kiv;

M) wkïi †m․›`h„, bv›`wbKZv‡eva I myKzgvie„wË weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv;

N) wkï‡K cvwievwiK, mvgvwRK I cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb Kiv;

O) wbR¯ mvs ‥…wZK AvPvi, K…wó, gyw³hy‡×i †PZbv I HwZ‡nï m‡½ cwiP‡qi cvkvcvwk Gi PP©vq DrmvwnZ

Ki|

P) •bwZKZv, g~j¨‡eva I mvgvwRK ixwZbxwZ weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv;

Q) wkïi ~j I m~²‡cwk Z_v Pjbkw³i weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv;

R) ¯v¯ m‡PZbZv I wbivcËv weav‡b mnvqZv Kiv;

S) wkïi fvlv I †hvMv‡hvM `ÿZv weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv;

T) cÖviw¤¢K MvwYwZK aviYv, †h․w³K wPšÍv I mgm¨v mgvav‡bi †hvM¨Zv AR©‡b mnvqZv Kiv`

U) cwi‡e‡ki wbZ¨‣bwgwËK NUbv ch©‡eÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g KviY I djvdj m¤úK© Abyave‡b mnvqZv Kiv;

V) wkïi ¯Ztù‚Z© Kíbv, m„RbkxjZv I D™¢vebx kw³ weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv;

W) wkïi AvZ¥wek¦vm I AvZ¥gh©`v weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv Geswb‡Ri KvR wb‡R Ki‡Z DØy× Kiv;

X) Av‡e` eyS‡Z cv‡i I Zvi h_vh_ cÖKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv;

Y) wkï‡K cvi¯úwiK mg‡SvZv, mn‡hvwMZv, mngwg©Zv I fvMvfvwM Ki‡Z mnvqZv I DØy× Kiv;

Z) wkï‡K cÖkœ Ki‡Z AvMÖnx K‡i †Zvjv I gZvgZ cÖKv‡k DrmvwnZ Kiv;

_) wkï‡K weÁvbgb¯‥ K‡i M‡o †Zvjv


2. g~jbxwZ

wkïi e„w×, weKvk I †kLv Zvi cwievi, Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek I mgvR Øviv e¨vcKfv‡e cÖfvweZ nq| ZvQvov

mvgvwRK, mvs¯‥…wZK I agx©q g~j¨‡eva Ges wkïi weKvk I †kLvi Abb¨ •ewkó¨mg~n G‡ÿ‡Î D‡jøL‡hvM¨

f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| wkï‡K cwic~Y©fv‡e ey‡S Ges Zvi •ewkó¨mg~‡ni cÖwZ h_vh_ ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc K‡i

mgwšZfv‡e cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv ev Íevqb I •`bw›`b wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡j e¨w³MZ

I cÖvwZôvwbZK ch©v‡q wKQz aviYv, bxwZ I wek¦vm AbymiY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges mKj Kvh©µ‡g Zvi cÖwZdjb

_vK‡Z n‡e| Z‡eB wkïi myß m¤¢vebvi mvwe©K weKv‡k mnvqZv Kivi cvkvcvwk Zvi cieZx© Rxe‡bi wkÿvi

Rb¨ k³ wfZ iPbv Kiv m¤¢e n‡e| ZvB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvµg cÖYq‡b I ev¯Íevq‡b wb‡¤œv³ aviYv, bxwZ I

wek¦vmmg~nK‡K †g․wjK bxwZgvjv wn‡m‡e AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

wkï‡Kw› ªKZv (Child centeredness)

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi GKwU Ab¨Zg bxwZ n‡jv wkï‡K †evSv, Zvi ÿgZvq Av¯v ivLv Ges Zvi ¯fve, cÖK…wZ,

e¨w³Z¡ I gZvg‡Zi cÖwZ m¤§vb cÖ`k©b Kiv| wkïi e„w×, weKvk I †kLv cÖavbZ cwievi, we`¨vjq Ges mgvR

Øviv cÖfvweZ| cwievi, we`¨vjq Ges mgvR-GB wZbwU ch©v‡qB mgwš^Zfv‡eKvh©µg Mn«Y Kiv n‡j Zv wkïi

myß I AdzišÍ m¤¢vebv weKv‡k Ges mg„× Rxeb hvc‡bi w`‡K Zv‡K GwM‡q wb‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e| d‡j †kLvi

gvbwmKZv I †kLvi cÖwZ AvMÖn m„wói gva¨‡g wkï AvRxeb wkL‡bi (Life long learning) Rb¨ cÖ ‧Z nq|

mwµq wkLb (Children as active learner)

wkïiv mnRvZfv‡eB R‡b¥ici †_‡K AbvbyôvwbKfv‡e †k‡L| R‡b¥i ci †_‡K cÖwZwbqZ †h AwfÁZv I

cwieZ©‡bi ga¨ w`q wkï eo nq, †mLv‡b mwµq I mnRvZ AskMÖnYB Zvi wkL‡bi g~j wfwË| Pvicv‡ki

gvbyl I cwi‡ek m¤ú‡K© Rvbvi ywb©evi AvMÖn I cixÿv-wbixÿv K‡i †`Lvi mnRvZ gvbwmKZvi Kvi‡Y wkïi

cÖ_g Pvwn`v n‡Q mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM| †Kbbv wkï ¯fveMZfv‡eB mwµq wkÿv_x©| Avi Zv‡ì weKvk

I wkLb-cÖwµqv †h‡nZz evwo, we`¨vjq I Pvicv‡ki mvgvwRK cwi‡ek Øviv cÖwZwbqZ cÖfvweZ nq †m‡nZz

mKj ch©v‡q Zvi mwµq wkL‡bi my‡hvM m„wóB wkïi weKvk I wkL‡bi g~jgš¿|

cwiev‡ii m¤ú„³Zv (Family involvement)

cvwievwiK †cÖÿvcU I cwi‡ek h_vh_fv‡e wkïi M‡o IVvi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †ÿÎ| wkïi e¨w³Z¡,wb‡Ri

m¤ú‡K© aviYv, g~j¨‡eva I „wófw½i weKvk gvZvwcZv I cwiev‡ii Ab¨ m`m¨‡ì Øviv fxlYfv‡e cÖfvweZ

nq| wkïi hZœ m¤ú‡K© gvZvwcZvi Ávb, cÖZ¨vkv I mšÍvb jvjb-cvj‡bi aib wkïi cieZx© Rxe‡bi bvbv

w`‡Ki Dci cÖfve †d‡j| Gi g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wkïi wb‡Ri hZœ †bIqvi ÿgZv, mvgvwRK „wófw½, we`¨vj‡q Zvi

†kLvi cÖwµqv Ges mgv‡R Ab¨v‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k _vKvi cÖeYZv BZ¨vw`| G‡ÿ‡Î gvZvwcZv n‡jb

GKvav‡i wkïi cÖ_g wkÿK Ges wkïi cwic~Y© weKvk mva‡b we`¨vj‡qi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© AskxRb| myZivs wkïi

weKv‡k cwievi GKwU AZ¨šÍ ¸iZ¡c~Y© wbqvgK Ges cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvq wkïi mvd‡jï Rb¨ cwiev‡ii

m¤ú„³Zv AZ¨šÍ Riæwi|

¯‹zj-mwµq mvgvwRK cÖwZôvb (School as responsive social institute)

we`¨vjq e„nËi mgv‡RiB GKwU ÿz ª ms¯‥iY Ges GwU cwiev‡i I mgv‡Ri †mZzeÜb wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv cÖ`v‡bi †ÿ‡Î ¯‥zj‡K Ggb wKQz wel‡q ¸iæZ¡ cÖ`vb Ki‡Z nq hv wkïi Rvbvi AvMÖ‡n

wkÿK mnvwqKv 4

DÏwcbv w`‡Z, bZzb cwi‡e‡ki m‡½ Lvc LvIqv‡Z I kvixwiK, gvbwmK, eyw×e„wËK, •bwZK I bv›`wbK Z_v

mvwe©K weKvk wbwðZ Ki‡Z AZ¨šÍ Riæwi| welqmg~n n‡jv:

• wkïi cvwievwiK †cÖÿvcU †evSv Ges evev-gv I cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© m`‡mï mv‡_

Askx`vwiZ¡ I m¤úK© ¯vcb Kiv|

• mvgvwRK †cÖÿvcU I cÖ‡qvRb †evSv Ges h_vh_fv‡e mvgvwRK kw³ I m¤ú`‡K Kv‡R jvMv‡bv;

• RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK cÖeYZv †evSv Ges †m Abyhvqx Kg©m~Px ev Íevqb Kiv|

G‡ÿ‡Î ¯‥zj‡K mwµq mvgvwRK cÖwZôv‡bi f~wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e| wkïi cÖ ‧wZi m‡½ †h‡nZz cwievi I

¯‥z‡ji cÖ ‧wZ A½vw½fv‡e RwoZ †m‡nZz wkÿvµg cÖYqb I ev Íevq‡b ¯‥z‡ji f~wgKv ¸iæ‡Z¡i m‡½ we‡ePbv

Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GKxf‚ZZv (Inclusiveness)

G‡ÿ‡Î GKxf‚ZZv gv‡b wfbœZv‡K m¤§vb K‡i Ges †g‡b wb‡q mKj wkïi AskMÖn‡Yi my‡hvM I mdjZvi K_v

wPšÍv K‡i h_vh_ D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kiv| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvµg Ges wkLb-‡kLv‡bv c×wZ I DcKiY RvwZ, ag©,

eY©, wj½, mÿgZv, A_©‣bwZK Ae v wbwe©‡k‡l me ai‡bi wkï Ges Zv‡ì cwiev‡ii Pvwn`v I my‡hv‡Mi K_v

g‡b †i‡L cÖYqb Kiv Riæwi| wkLb- †kLv‡bv c×wZ I cwi‡ek h‡_ó bgbxq Ges wkïi ¯Zš¿ Pvwn`v I wkLb

Dcv‡qi m‡½ mvgÄm¨c~Y© n‡Z n‡e †hb mKj wkïi †kLvi AvMÖn eRvq _v‡K Ges wkLb Pvwn`v c~i‡Yi my‡hvM

_v‡K| ZvB wkÿvµg cÖYqb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i ¯‥zj I cwievi ch©v‡q ev Íevq‡bi mKj av‡c GKxf‚ZZv‡K

g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e AYymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

†`kxq ms¯‹…wZ, K…wó I HwZnvwmK wkLb (Local culture and heritage)

AvZ¥m¤§vb I AvZ¥gh©v`v‡eva RvMÖZ Kivi Rb¨ wkï‡ì wbR¯ ms¯‥…wZ, K…wó I HwZ‡nï m‡½ cwiPq Kwi‡q

wb‡Ri ¯KxqZv m¤ú‡K© AvZ¥wek¦vmx K‡i M‡o †Zvjv Riæwi| cvkvcvwk A‡bï ms¯‥…wZ I K…wó‡K m¤§vb Kivi

Af¨vm M‡o †ZvjvI ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkL‡bi mKj †ÿ‡Î eo‡ì mnvqZvq evwo‡Z, ¯‥z‡j Ges mgv‡R ms¯‥…wZ,K…wó

I HwZn¨wbf©i wkÿvcwi‡ek wbwðZ Ki‡Z wkÿvµg cÖYq‡b I ev Íevq‡b †`kxq ms¯‥…wZ I K…wówbf©i wkLb‡K

g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

m¤úK© (Relationship)

wkïi weKvk I †kLv eû¸‡Y †eo hvq hw` Zvi m‡OM& Ab¨ wkïi, wkÿ‡Ki wKsev eo‡ì mym¤úK© M‡o I‡V|

Avevi hLb cwiev‡ii m`m¨ wKsev mgv‡Ri cÖwZwbwa‡ì m‡½ wkÿ‡Ki m¤úK© M‡o I‡V ZLb mvwe©Kfv‡e

GKwU cÖvK cÖv_wgK wkÿv D‡`¨v‡Mi gvbI †e‡o hvq A‡bKvs‡k| m¤úK© cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv eë vq AZ¨šÍ

¸iæZ¡c~Y© Dcv`vb|| cieZx©‡Z e„nËi cwim‡i mvgvwRK I gvbweK ¸Yvewjm¤úbœ gvbyl wn‡m‡e wkï‡ì M‡o

Zzj‡Z AvbyôvwbK wkÿvi cÖ_g av‡c m¤úK© •Zwii welqwU‡K ¸iæ‡Z¡i m‡½ we‡ePbvi g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e AbymiY

Kiv n‡q‡Q|

cvwicvwk¦©K cwi‡ek (Immediate environment)

cvwicvwk¦©K cwi‡ek wkïi weKvk I wkLb‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i| †Zgwb mvwe©K mvgvwRK cwi‡ek cÖvK-cÖv_wgK

wkÿvi bxwZ-wb‡ ©kbv‡K cÖfvweZ K‡i| Avevi mvgvwRK K…wó I ms¯‥…wZ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv m¤ú‡K©


gvZvwcZvi cÖZ¨vkv‡K cÖfvweZK‡i| wkïi mvwe©K weKvk I wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡Z ZvB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv‡K

Aek¨B Zvi cvwicvwk¦©K I mvgvwRK cwi‡e‡ki cÖwZ ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e| wbKU cwi‡ek I Pvicv‡k wkïi †kLvi

ch©vß Dcv`vb i‡q‡Q| ZvB wkïi cwic~Y© weKv‡k cwievi, mgvR I we`¨vj‡qi mgwš^Z I mw¤§wjZ cÖ‡Póvi

cÖ‡qvRb Acwinvh©|

cwi‡ek evÜeZv (Environment friendliness)

cÖK…wZI cwi‡ek gvby‡li AK…wÎg eÜz| cwieZ©b cwiw wZ‡Z GB `k©‡bi wePz¨wZ cy‡iv c„w_ex‡K gnv wech©‡qi

w`‡K †V‡j w`‡q‡Q| Avi Zvi wkKvi n‡Q A‡cÿvK…Z myweavewÂZiv| GKwU cwi‡ek evÜe cÖRb¥ GB wech©q

†VKv‡Z Abb¨ f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avi GB aviYvi jvjb Ki‡Z n‡e Rxe‡bi ïiæ †_‡KB| †mB j‡ÿ¨

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvµ‡g cwi‡ek evÜeZvi welqwU ¸iæ‡Z¡i m‡½ we‡ePbv K‡i Gi Dbœqb I ev¯Íevq‡bi mKj

av‡c g~jbxwZ wn‡m‡e AbymiY Kiv n‡q‡Q|

3. wkïi weKvk I weKv‡ki †ÿÎ

wkïi weKvk n‡Q Ae¨vnZ I mgwóMZ cÖwµqv| Rb¥MZfv‡e gvbe kixi Zvi Bw› ªq I A½-cÖZ‡½i gva¨‡g

Pvicvk †_‡K bZzb wKQz MÖnY I AbymÜv‡bi Rb¨ cÖ ‧Z _v‡K| d‡j gw¯Í®‥ I kixi µgvMZ cwiYZ n‡Z

_v‡K| Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek I hZœKvixi mv‡_ µgvMZ cvi¯úwiK wµqvi gva¨‡g wkïi cÂ-Bw› ªq I A½-cÖZ½

eënv‡i µgk `ÿ n‡q M‡o IVvi cÖwµqvB g~jZ weKvk| ZvB wkï Zvi hZœKvix I Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek †_‡K

eqm Dc‡hvMx cvi¯úwiK wµqvg~jK h‡Zœi gva¨‡g DÏxcbv †c‡j Zvi mvgwMÖK weKvk Z¡ivwšZ nq| wkïi

mylg I mgwšZ weKvk wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡j wewfbœ Dcv‡q, Zvi cÂ-Bw› ªq I A½-cÖZ¨½ eënv‡ii my‡hvM †i‡L

Zvi m‡½ cvi¯úwiK wµqv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| G‡ÿ‡Î cwi‡ek-cwiw wZ Ges wkï‡ì g‡a¨ weivRgvb cv_©K¨

we‡ePbv K‡i h‡_ó bgbxq Dcv‡q wkïi m‡½ cvi¯úwiK †hvMv‡hvM Kivi wb‡ ©kbv wµqAµg ev¯Íevq‡b

wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi| GKwU K‡Vvi iæwUb AbymiYbv K‡i wkï‡ì †kLvi Kg©KvÛ †hb Zvi wkLb-AwfÁZv I

Pvwn`vi wfwË‡Z weKv‡ki ¯Íi Abyhvqx cwiPvjbv Kiv hvq Giƒc my‡hvM m„wó KivB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j

D‡Ïk¨|

wkïi mvwe©K weKvk‡K evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖÿvc‡U 4wU Domain ev †ÿ‡Î fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK

wkÿvµg cÖYq‡bi †ÿ‡Î wkÿvµ‡gi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx 4wU weKv‡ki †ÿÎ we‡ePbvi cvkvcvwk weKv‡ki †ÿÎ‡K

8wU Learnign Area ev wkLb‡ÿ‡Î wefvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZwU wkLY‡ÿÎ‡K GKvwaK AR©‡bvc‡hvMx

†hvM¨Zv I cÖwZwU AR©b‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv‡K GKvwaK wkLbd‡j wbw ©ó Kiv n‡q‡Q| cieZx©‡Z cÖwZwU

wkLYdj AR©‡bi Rb¨ cwiKwíZ KvR ev wkLY- †kLv‡bv †K․kj cÖYqb K‡i wkÿK mnvwqKvmn Ab¨vb¨ wkÿv

DcKiY cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 6

4. AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv

cÖvK cÖv_wgK wkÿvµg cÖYq‡bi †ÿ‡Î wkÿvµ‡gi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx weKv‡ki 4wU †ÿÎ‡K 8wU Learning Area ev wkLb‡ÿ‡Î wefvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZwU wkÿY‡ÿ‡Îi Rb¨ GKvwaK AR©‡bvc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv wba©viY

Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK Kvh©µ‡gi wkÿY- †kLv‡bv cÖwµqvq AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g wkïiv †h AR©b Dc‡hvMx

`ÿZvmg~n AR©b Ki‡Z mÿg n‡e †m¸‡jv wkÿb‡ÿÎ Abyhvqx †`Iqv n‡jv|


wkÿb‡ÿÎ AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv

1. kvixwiK I

PjbÿgZv

wbqwgZ nvUvPjv, †`․ov‡bv, †Ljv, kvixwiK KmiZ I wewfbœ Kv‡R AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cvi|

wewfbœ wRwbm ai‡Z, AvuK‡Z I •Zwi Ki‡Z cviv|

wewfbœ Bw›`ª‡qi eënvi I mgš^q K‡i KvR Ki‡Z cviv|

2. mvgvwRK I

Av‡ewMK

mvgvwRK ixwZ †g‡b eo‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM I AvPiY Ki‡Z cviv|

eÜz I mgeqmx‡ì mv‡_ †gjv‡gkv Ki‡Z cviv|

mvgvwRK ¸Yvewj AR©‡bi gva¨‡g wg‡jwg‡k _vK‡Z cviv|

AvZ¥m‡PZb nIqv, AvZ¥wbqš¿Y Kiv I Av‡eM cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv|

•bwZKZv I g~j¨‡eva m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb nIqv

evsjv‡`‡ki ms¯‥…wZ I HwZ‡nï PP©v Kiv|

3. fvlv I

†hvMv‡hvM

fve MÖnY ( †`Lv Ges †kvbv) I cÖKvk (ejv ev kvixwiK A½fw½) Ki‡Z cviv|

co‡Z cviv (cÖvK-cVb)

wjL‡Z cviv (cÖvK wjLb)

4. cÖviw¤¢K

MwYZ

cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv AR©b Kiv|

msL¨vi aviYv AR©b Kiv|

msL¨v wjL‡Z cviv|

msL¨vi Zzjbv Ki‡Z cviv|

†hv‡Mi aviYv AR©b Kiv|

we‡qv‡Mi aviYv AR©b Kiv|

5. m„RbkxjZv

I bv›`wbKZv

Pviæ I Kviæ Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g m„RbkxjZv I bv›`wbKZv cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv

Qov, bvP, Mvb, Mí I Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g m„RbkxjZv I bv›`wbKZv cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv|

•`bw›`b wewfbœ Kv‡R bv›`wbKZvi cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv|

6. cwi‡ek cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ e¯‧ I NUbv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cviv|

cwi‡ek msiÿY Ki‡Z cviv|

7. weÁvb I

cÖhyw³

weÁvbgb¯‥ nIqv|

Ro, Rxe, Dw™¢` I cÖvYx m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cviv|

wbZëënvh© cÖhyw³ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cviv|

Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³ m¤ú‡K© cÖv_wgK aviYv jvf Kiv|

wewfbœ cÖKvi hvbevnb m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cviv|

8. ¯v¯ I

wbivcËv

¯v¯ m¤úwK©Z •`bw›`b KvR Ki‡Z Ges Lvevi I wekÖv‡gi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z cviv|

wbivc` I SzuwKgy³ _vKvi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z cviv|

5. cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi wewfbœ KvR

wkïi mvwe©K weKv‡ki Rb¨ cÖZ¨vwkZ AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv Ges wkLb d‡ji cÖwZ jÿ †i‡L wcÖ-¯‥z‡j wewfbœ

ai‡bi welqwfwËK KvR wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G mKj Kv‡Ri g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q wkï‡ì kvixwiK I PjbÿgZvi

weKvk, mvgvwRK I Av‡ewMK `ÿZvi weKvk, fvlv I †hvMv‡hvM `ÿZvi weKvk Ges eyw×e„wËK weKvk

m¤úwK©Z KvR| GQvov wkïiv †hb mvgvwRKfv‡e AvKl©Yxq e¨w³‡Z¡i AwaKvix n‡q M‡o

wkÿK mnvwqKv 8

I‡V ZvI cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi welq I KvR wba©vi‡Y ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| wcÖ-¯‥z‡ji welq ev

KvRmg~n wb‡P D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv

• •`wbK mgv‡ek I ï‡fQv

• e¨vqvg

• m„Rbkxj KvR ( Qov, Mvb, bvP, Mí, Pviæ, Kviæ I Awfbq)

• fvlvi KvR ( †kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb)

• MwY‡Zi KvR (cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv, msL¨vi avibv I †jLv, †hvM-we‡qvM)

• †Ljv (B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljv I wb‡ ©kbvi †Ljv)

• Ab¨vb¨ KvR (cwi‡ek, weÁvb, cÖhyw³, ¯v¯ , wbivcËv I mgvcbx)

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi cÖZ¨vwkZ AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv I wkLbdjmg~n AR©‡b Dc‡i ewY©Z KvRmg~n

mymsMwVZfv‡e †kÖwYK‡ÿ Kivi Rb¨ GKwU iæwUb Kiv n‡q‡Q| wb‡¤œ ewY©Z K¬vm iæwUb Abyhvqx wkÿK †kÖwY

K‡ÿ wkï‡ì m‡½ wba©vwiZ KvRmg~n ev Íevqb Ki‡eb|

iæwUb Abyhvqx •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwii Rb¨ we ÍvwiZ Kvh©µg wb‡q GKwU evrmwiK cvV cwiKíbv cÖYqb

Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK gvm wfwËK G cwiKíbv AbymiY K‡i •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi Ki‡eb Ges cÖvK-

cÖv_wgK †kÖwY cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

6. cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi wkLb- †kLv‡bv mvgMÖxi ZvwjKv I eënvi wb‡ ©kbv

wkLb-†kLv‡bv

mvgMÖxi bvg

†h eënvi

Ki‡eb

gšÍe¨

wkÿK

mnvwqKv

wkÿ‡Ki

eënv‡ii Rb¨

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv we`¨vjq ch©v‡q ev Íevqb msµvšÍ wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨

mKj Z_¨ wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z mwbœ‡ewkZ Kiv Av‡Q| wkÿK mnvwqKv

n‡jv cÖvK-cÖv_wg‡Ki g~j wkLb- †kLv‡bv mvgMÖx| wkÿK g~jZ wkÿK

mnvwqKv AbymiY K‡i we`¨vj‡q cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

Avgvi eB wkÿv_x©i Rb¨ Avgvi eB g~jZ wkï‡ì Rb¨ IqvK©eyK| cÖwZwU wkïi Rb¨ GKwU K‡i

Avgvi eB mieivn Kiv n‡e| wkÿK mnvwqKvi wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx

cÖ‡qvRbxq †ÿ‡Î wkïiv Avgvi eB- †Z KvR Ki‡e I Abykxjb Ki‡e|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi mKj wkLbdj Avgvi eB‡Z cÖwZdjb NUv‡bv

nqwb| myZivs Avgvi eB Gi eënvi m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wkÿK mnvwqKvi

wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx wkï‡ì w`‡q Kiv‡Z n‡e|

¯ieY© PvU© I

e¨ÄbeY© PvU©

wkÿK I

wkÿv_x©

¯ieY© I e¨ÄbeY© Pv‡U© Qovq-Q‡›` ¯ieY© I e¨ÄbeY© cwiwPZ Kiv‡bv

n‡q‡| GwU †kÖwYK‡ÿi †Ìqv‡j memgq Szjv‡bv _vK‡e| KLb

Kxfv‡e eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Zvi wb‡ ©kbv wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z D‡jøL Kiv

n‡q‡Q|


wd¬cPvU© wkÿK I

wkÿv_x©

cwi‡ek, weÁvb, cÖhyw³, ¯v¯ I wbivcËvi wewfbœ welq wd¬cPv‡U©

AšÍf~©³ Kiv Av‡Q| wd¬cPv‡U© †gvU 13wU cvZv i‡q‡Q 13wU wfbœ wfbœ

wel‡q Dc¯vcb Kivi Rb¨| wkÿK mnvwqKvi wb‡ ©kbv †gvZv‡eK

wkÿK cÖ‡qvRbxq †ÿ‡Î wd¬cPvU© eënvi Ki‡eb| GwU †kÖwYK‡ÿi

†Ìqv‡j memgq Szjv‡bv _vK‡e|

d¬vmKvW©

(70wU Kv‡W©i

GKwU †mU)

wkÿv_x©‡ì Rb¨ GK †m‡U †gvU 70wU d¬vmKvW© i‡q‡Q| ¯ieY© I e¨Äbe‡Y©i 50wU

e‡Y©i Rb¨ 50wU eY© KvW© Ges 1 †_‡K 20 ch©šÍ msL¨vi Rb¨ 20wU

msL¨v KvW© cÖwZ †mU d¬vmKv‡W© i‡q‡Q| GQvov eY© I msL¨v Kv‡W©i eY©

I msL¨vi wcQ‡b wewfbœ wPÎ mwbœ‡ewkZ i‡q‡Q| wPÎ¸‡jvi wewfbœ

wel‡qi mv‡_ mswkøó ( †hgb-weÁvb, cÖhyw³, †Ljv, ¯v¯ I wbivcËv

BZ¨vw`) Z‡e G †ÿ‡Î g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, eY© I msL¨v Kv‡W©i

wcQ‡bi wP‡Îi mv‡_ eY© I msL¨v †Kv‡bv m¤úK© †bB| eY©, msL¨v I

wcQ‡bi wPÎ wfbœ wfbœ cÖ‡qvR‡b wkÿK mnvwqKvi wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx

wkÿKMY eënvi Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU we`¨vj‡q 6 †mU d¬vmKvW© mieivn

Kiv n‡e|

M‡íi eB

(10wU M‡íi

eB Gi GKwU

†mU)

wkÿv_x©‡ì Rb¨ M‡íi eB Gi GK †m‡U cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi wkï‡ì Dc‡hvMx 0wU

wfbœ wfbœ M‡íi eB i‡q‡Q| M‡íi eB eënv‡ii c×wZ I wb‡ ©kbv

wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK mnvwqKvi wb‡ ©kbv I

c×wZ Abyhvqx wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q M‡íi eB w`‡q wewfbœ Kvh©µg

Pvjv‡eb| cÖwZwU we`¨vj‡q 3 †mU M‡íi eB mieivn Kiv n‡e|

G‡mv wjL‡Z

wkwL

wkÿv_x©i Rb¨ G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv wkï‡ì †jLAi Abykxj‡bi Rb¨ cÖYqb Kiv

n‡q‡Q| GwU eënv‡ii wb‡ ©kbv wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q|

fvlvi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ LvZvwU eënvi Kiv n‡e| cÖwZwU wkïi Rb¨ GKwU

K‡i LvZv mieivn Kiv n‡e|

†Ljvi mvgMÖx

I Ab¨vb¨

DcKiY

wkÿv_x©‡ì Rb¨ cÖwZwU cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z 4wU K‡i KY©vi _vK‡e| KY©vi 4wU n‡jv-

Kíbvi Kb©vi, eøK I bvovPvovi Kb©vi, eB I AvuKvi Kb©vi Ges evwj

I cvwbi Kb©vi| GB 4wU KY©v‡i †hme †LLvi mvgMÖx I DcKiY _vK‡e

Zvi ZvwjKv 133-134 b¤i c„ôvq mshy³ Kiv i‡q‡Q| †Ljvi mvgMÖx

I DcKiYmg~n we`¨vjq‡K ¯vbxqfv‡e mMÖn Ki‡Z n‡e| †Ljvi mvgMÖx

I DcKiYmg~n B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Kv‡Ri cvkvcvwk Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡Ri

†ÿ‡ÎI eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb-gyKvwfbq, Awfbq, m„Rbkxj

KvR, MwY‡Zi KvR, fvlvi KvR BZ¨vw`|

nvwRiv LvZv

I wkÿv_x©

g~j¨vqb

wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ nvwRiv LvZvq wkÿv_x©‡ì Dcw wZi †iKW© Kivi cvkvcvwk wkÿK

mnvwqKvi 200 c„ôvq DwjøwLZ mKj wkÿv_x©i Rb¨ Avjv`v Avjv`v

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv_x©i eQie¨vcx g~j¨vqb QK mshy³ Ki‡Z n‡e|

Ab¨vb¨

DcKiY

wkÿK I

wkÿv_x©‡ì Rb¨

KvMR KvUvi KuvwPU, is †cwÝj, is †cwÝj, kvc©bvi, ivevi, mv`v

KvMR BZ¨vw`|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 10

7. mvß

vwnK

K¬vm

iæwUb

•`bw›`b K

vh©µ

g

mgvc

Yx

(5wg

)

mgvc

Yx K

vR

mgvc

Yx K

vR

mgvc

Yx K

vR

mgvc

Yx K

vR

mgvc

Yx K

vR

mgvc

Yx K

vR

cÖwZ

gv‡mi †

kl e

„n¯úwZ

evi

Awf

bq K

¬v‡mi c

wie‡Z

© mvs¯‥…wZ

K A

byôvb

Av‡qvwR

Z n

‡e| wkïiv H

gv‡mi Q

ov, b

vP, Mí I

Awf

bq, Pvi

æ I K

viæ K

vR †

_‡K

wbe©vwPZ

Ask

wb‡q

G A

byôv‡bi A

v‡qvR

b K

i‡e

| wkÿ

K c

Ö_‡g

Av‡qvR

‡bi `

vwqZ

¡ wb‡j

I

wkïiv `‡j

ch©vµ

‡g G

Abyôv‡bi `

vwqZ

¡ wb‡e

|

cÖwZ

e„n¯úwZ

evi

weÁ

vb I

e¨w³

MZ

wbivc

Ëv K

¬v‡mi c

Ö_g Q

q g

vm weÁ

vb G

es

cieZ

x© Qq g

vm e

¨w³

MZ

wbivc

Ëv we

lqK

KvR

cwi

PvwjZ

n‡e

|

B‡”

Qg‡Z

v

†Ljv

(20 wg)

B‡

Qg‡Z

v †L

jv

B‡

Qg‡Z

v †L

jv

B‡

Qg‡Z

v †L

jv

B‡

Qg‡Z

v †L

jv

B‡

Qg‡Z

v †L

jv

B‡

Qg‡Z

v †L

jv

MwY

Z

weÁ

vb

wbivc

Ëv

(25 wg)

MwY

Z

MwY

Z

MwY

Z

MwY

Z

MwY

Z

weÁ

vb

wbivc

Ëv

†Ljv

(20 wg)

wb‡

©kbv †L

jv

wb‡

©kbv †L

jv

wb‡

©kbv †L

jv

wb‡

©kbv †L

jv

wb‡

©kbv †L

jv

wb‡

©kbv †L

jv

m„R

bkxj

KvR

(Pvi

æ, K

viæ,

Awf

bq) c

wi‡e

k

¯^v

’¨, c

Öhyw³

(20 wg)

Pvi

æ

cwi

‡ek

Kvi

æ

cÖhyw³

¯^v

¨

Awf

bq (

GK

K,

cwi

wwZ

, Mí)

fvl

vi K

vR

(25wg

)

†kvb

v-ejv cÖvK

cVb I

cÖvK

wjLb

†kvb

v-ejv cÖvK

cVb I

cÖvK

wjLb

†kvb

v-ejv cÖvK

cVb I

cÖvK

wjLb

†kvb

v-ejv cÖvK

cVb I

cÖvK

wjLb

†kvb

v-ejv cÖvK

cVb I

cÖvK

wjLb

†kvb

v-ejv cÖvK

cVb I

cÖvK

wjLb

m„R

bkxj

KvR

(Qov,

Mvb

, bvP

I

Mí)

(20wg

)

Qov-

bvP

Qov-

bvP

Qov-

bvP

Qov-

bvP

Mí

Mí

e¨vqvg

(5wg

)

e¨vqvg

e¨vqvg

e¨vqvg

e¨vqvg

e¨vqvg

e¨vqvg

•`wb

K m

gv‡ek

(10 wg)

•`wb

K m

gv‡ek

•`wb

K m

gv‡ek

•`wb

K m

gv‡ek

•`wb

K m

gv‡ek

•`wb

K m

gv‡ek

•`wb

K m

gv‡ek

w`b

mgq

kwb

evi

iwe

evi

†mvg

evi

g½jevi

eyaevi

e„n¯úwZ

evi


8. evrmwiK cwiKíbv †_‡K mvßvwnK iæwUb Abyhvwq •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi Rb¨ wbe©vwPZ KvRmg~n cwiKwíZfv‡e wkï‡ì wb‡q Kivi Rb¨ mvßvwnK K¬vm iæwUb

(c„ôv-10) Ges evrmwiK cvV cwiKíbv (c„ôv-202206) wkÿK mnvwqKv‡Z mwbœ‡ek Kiv n‡q‡Q| evrmwiK

cwiKíbv †_‡K KvR Abyhvwq †h †Kvb gv‡mi ewY©Z welqmg~n wb‡q mvßvwnK iæwU‡b •`wbK eivÏK…Z mgq

Abyhvwq mßvnwfwËK GKwU cwiKíbv cÖYqb KivB n‡Q iæwUb Abyhvwq cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi| †hgb, m„Rbkxj

KvR (Qov, Mvb bvP I Mí) Gi 1g gv‡mi Qov Kv‡R †gvU 2wU Qov ivLv n‡q‡Q, evK evKzg cvqiv Ges Avq

Avq Puv` gvgv| mvßvwnK K¬vm iæwU‡b Qovi KvR Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ mßv‡n 20 wgwbU K‡i yB w`b A_©vr gv‡m †gvU

8 w`b eivÏ Av‡Q| †m †n‡m‡e GKwU Qov Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿK †gvU Pvi w`b mgq cv‡eb| Gevi wkÿK

mnvwqKvq Qov PP©v Kiv‡bvi c×wZ Abyhvwh GKwU Qov c~Y©v½ fv‡e PP©vi Rb¨ †h avcmg~n Av‡Q †m¸‡jv

AbymiY K‡i evK evKzg cvqiv QovwU Pvi w`b m¤úbœ Kivi cwiKíbv cÖYqb KivB n‡Q •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv

•Zwi Kiv| Gfv‡e Avq Avq Puv` gvgv QovwUi Rb¨ Pviw`‡bi cwiKíbv •Zwi Ki‡jB 1g gv‡mi Qov Kv‡Ri

Rb¨ •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi n‡q hv‡e|

GBK c×wZ AYymiY K‡i mKj wel‡qi Rb¨ •`wbK cvV cwiKíbv •Zwi Ki‡Z n‡e|

9. cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi •ewkl¨

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi jÿ¨ I D‡Ïk¨ AR©‡b Ges wkï‡ì gv‡S m‡e©vP KvwOÿZ djvdj †c‡Z Gi h_vh_

ev¯Íevq‡b wbw ©ó wKQz •ewkó¨, †f․Z myweavw` Ges ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welqmg~n we‡ePbv Kiv Riæwi| ev¯Íevq‡bi ¸YMZ

gvb‡K GKwU KvwOÿZ j‡ÿ¨ wb‡q †h‡Z Ges eZ©gvb †cÖÿvcU we‡ePbvq Ggbfv‡e GB •ewkó¨, myweavw` I

wel‡qi K_v wPšÍv Kiv n‡q‡Q †hb eZ…gv‡b mgfv‡e wbwðZ Kiv bv †M‡jI mg‡qi m‡½ m‡½ Zv ch©vqµ‡g

AR©b Kiv hvq| wb‡¤œ •ewkó¨, myweavw` I welqmg~‡ni mswÿß weeiY Zz‡j aiv n‡jv|

†kÖwY‡Z wkïi msL¨v

GKwU cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z m‡e©vP 30 Rb wkïi Dcw¯wZ wPšÍv K‡i wkÿvµ‡gi jÿ¨ AR©‡b wba©vwiZ wkLb-

†kLv‡bv cÖwµqv wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î 30 R‡bi AwaK wkï GKwU †kÖwY‡Z _vK‡j wkLb- †kLv‡bv

cÖwµqv cwiPvjbvq †hgb wkÿK cÖwZeÜKZvi m¤§yLxb n‡eb, †Zgwb cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKi‡Yi ¯íZv wkïi

h_vh_ wkL‡bi AšÍivq n‡e| myZivs GKwU cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z m‡e©vP 30 Rb wkï _vKv evÄbxq| eZ©gvb

†cÖÿvc‡U G wbqg †g‡b Pjv m¤¢e bv n‡j ch©vqµ‡g hv‡Z Zv AR©b Kiv hvq †mw`‡K jKl ivL‡Z n‡e|

†kÖwY‡Z wkÿ‡Ki msL¨v

30 Rb wkïi GKwU cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z Kgc‡ÿ GKRb wkÿK mve©ÿwYK Dcw Z _vK‡eb| Z‡e

h_vh_fv‡e wkLb- †kLv‡bv cÖwµqv cwiPvjbv Ges wkL‡bi ¸YMZ gv‡bi Dbœqb NUv‡Z GK †_‡K yB Rb

†¯^Qv‡mex wkÿK/ AwffveK Gi mnvqZv †bIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡ÿ‡Î †¯Qv‡mex wkÿK/ AwffveK‡ì

Dchy³ cÖwkÿ‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv i‡q‡Q|

†kÖwYKÿ

30 Rb wkï wb‡q b~¨bZg gvb eRvq †i‡L wkÿvµ‡gi wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ AšÍZ 250

eM©dzU gv‡ci GKwU †kÖwYK‡ÿi cÖ‡qvRb| †kÖwYKÿvU †Lviv‡gjv I Av‡jv-evZvmc~Y© nIqv evÄbxq|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 12

†kÖwYKÿ wKsev †kÖwYKÿ msjMœ nvZ †avqvi RvqMv Ges wkï‡ì eënvi Dc‡hvMx Uq‡jU _vK‡Z n‡e| wkLb-

†kLv‡bv Kvh©µ‡gi Ask wn‡m‡e KvR I †Ljv cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡i †Lvjv RvqMv _vKv AZ¨šÍ

¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

cÖ‡qvRbxq AvmevecÎ I wbqwgZ †÷kbvwi mieivn

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi †kÖwYKÿ h_vm¤¢e †Lviv ev Db¥y³ ivLv cÖ‡qvRb †hb wkïiv Pjv‡divi h‡_ó RvqMv cvq|

wkï‡ì emvi Rb¨ gv`yi _vK‡Z cv‡i †hb wkï B‡Qg‡Zv wb‡Ri Ae vb cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges Avivg

K‡i em‡Z cv‡i| †W¯‥ Iqv‡K©i Rb¨ m¤¢e n‡j wkï‡ì emvi Dc‡hvMx wKQz †QvU †Pqvi I †Uwej _vK‡Z

cv‡i| GQvov wkï‡ì DPZvi mv‡_ wg‡j †i‡L GKwU PK‡evW© Ges wkï‡ì KvR, AvuKv Qwe Ges †jLv

cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ wWm‡cø †evW©, †kjd, ZvK I n¨v½vi ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i| †kÖwYK‡ÿi Rb¨ G mKj vqw m¤ú`

QvovI wKQz wbqwgZ eënvh© wRwb‡mi ( †÷kbvwi) cÖ‡qvRb c‡o hv wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ LyeB

¸iæZ¡c~Y© †hgb-iwOb KvMR, PK, Wv÷vi, KuvwP, AvVv, †cv÷vi †ccvi, eøy U¨vK BZ¨vw`| GQvov wkLb-

†kLv‡bv mvgMÖx †h¸‡jv eënv‡ii ci wKsev bó n‡q †M‡q cwieZ©‡bi cÖ‡qvRb c‡o †m¸‡jv wbqwgZ

cwieZ©‡bi eë¯v _vKv Riæwi|

wkLb-†kLb mvgMÖx I DcKiY

wkÿvµ‡gi Pvwn`v Abyhvqx †h mg Í wkLY- †kLv‡bv mvgMÖx I DcKiY †kÖwY ch©v‡q †cu․Qv‡bv cª‡qvRb

h_vmg‡q h_vh_fv‡e Zvi mieivn wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi| wkÿvµ‡gi mdj ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ AbycyL

we‡kølYc~e©K G mvgMÖx I DcKiY Dbœqb Kiv n‡q‡Q weavq G¸‡jv h_vmg‡q mieivn I Kvh©Ki eënvi

wewNœZ n‡j KvwOÿZ djvdj AR©b m¤¢e bq| GQvov wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µ‡gi wb‡ ©kbv †gvZv‡eK wewfbœ

mg‡q †h ai‡bi mvgMÖx/ DcKiY ¯vbxqfv‡e •Zwi, msMÖn, eënvi I msiÿ‡Yi K_v ejv n‡q‡Q †kÖwY ch©v‡q

ZvI wbwðZ Kiv Riæwi|

wkLY mgq

cÖwZw`b †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkLb- †kLv‡bv mgq n‡e AvovB NÈv| mßv‡n 6 Kvh©wèm a‡i mKj ai‡bi miKvwi

QzwU,AbvKvwÿZ QzwU, Drme Ges cÖvK…wZK wech©‡qi †cÖÿvcU we‡ePbv K‡i †kÖwYK‡ÿi Rbª eQ‡i †gvU 185

Kvh©wèm a‡i cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvµg web¨ Í Kiv n‡q‡Q| myZivs †kÖwYi Rb¨ wba©vwiZ 185 wU Kvh©wè‡m

cÖwZw`b AvovB NÈv K‡i †kÖwY Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Ki‡j GB wkÿvµ‡gi mKj cwiKwíZ Kvh©µg h_vmg‡q

m¤úbœ Kiv hv‡e|

cwievi‡K AvbyôvwbKfv‡e wkLY- †kLb Kv‡R m¤ú„³KiY

cÖvK-cÖ_wgK wkÿvi jÿ¨ AR©‡b wkÿvµg cÖYq‡bi mgq wbw ©ó wkLbdj AR©‡b ïay †kÖwYK‡ÿi wkLb-

†kLv‡bv Kv‡Ri DciB wbf©i Kiv nqwb eis evwo ev cwiev‡ii m‡½ wbweo †hvMv‡hvM ¯vc‡bi gva¨‡g wkïi

weKvk I wkLb Z¡ivwšZ Kivi Dci ¸iæZ¡ Av‡ivc Kiv n‡q‡Q| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿvµ‡gi KvwOÿZ jÿ¨ AR©‡b ¯‥zj

ch©v‡q ev¯Íevq‡bi †ÿ‡Î AvbyôvwbKfv‡e cwievi‡K m¤ú„³ Kiv Riæwi| †h‡nZz weKvk I wkL‡bi †ekwKQz

wel‡q cwiev‡ii Dci wbf©iZv i‡q‡Q †m‡nZz cwievi‡K h_vh_fv‡e m¤ú„³ bv Ki‡j wkÿvµ‡gi mdj

ev¯Íevqb wbwðZ Kiv hv‡e bv|


10. wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ Z_¨ I wb‡ ©kvewj

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv ev¯Íevq‡bi g~j PvwjKv kw³ n‡Q wkÿK| wkÿK cwiKíbv Abyhvqx mKj Kvh©µg †kÖwY‡Z

h_vh_fv‡e ev Íevqb Ki‡jB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j jÿ¨ AwR©b n‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î wkï‡ì m‡½ h_vh_fv‡e

wba©vwiZ KvR Kivi Rb¨ Zv‡ì mv‡_ mwVKfv‡e †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Dcvq wKsev Zviv Kxfv‡e †k‡L Giƒc ZË¡xq

welq †hgb wkÿK‡K Rvb‡Z n‡e †Zgwb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY cwiPvjbvq Zvi `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨ m¤ú‡K© I Zv‡K

m‡PZb n‡Z n‡e| wb‡¤œ yBwU As‡k wkÿK‡ì Rb¨ we¯ÍvwiZ Z_¨ I wb‡ ©kvewj Zz‡j aiv n‡jv-

10-K. wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wKQz Z_¨

wkïi •ewkó¨

wkï‡ì wbR¯ wKQz mvaviY •ewkó¨ i‡q‡Q| Gme •ewkó¨ we‡ePbvq †i‡L cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z wkï‡ì Rb¨

Kvh©µg MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| †hgb-

• me wkï GKiKg bq| cÖwZwU wkïB Aci wkï †_‡K Avjv`v, Zvi wbR¯ GKwU mËv i‡q‡Q|

• wkïiv wb‡R‡ì g‡Zv K‡i c„w_ex †`‡L, eo‡ì g‡Zv K‡i bq|

• wkïiv †Kv‡bv wKQz‡Z †ewkÿY g‡bv‡hvM a‡i ivL‡Z cv‡i bv|

• wkïiv †Ljvi gva¨‡g I bvbviKg KvR K‡i †k‡L|

• wkïiv AvZ¥‡Kw› ªK nq|

• wkï‡ì cÖavb yBwU Pvwn`v n‡jv-

• fv‡jvevmv cvIqv I eo‡ì Kv‡Q MÖnYxq nIqv|

• AbymÜvb Kiv, bvbv iKg KvR Kiv I wbR¯ mËv‡K cÖKvk Kiv|

wkï‡ì mv‡_ mdj †hvMv‡hv‡Mi Dcvq

wkïi •ewkó¨¸‡jv ey‡S †m Abyhvqx Zv‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z n‡e| cv‡Vi mdjZv wbf©i K‡i wkïi mv‡_

wkÿ‡Ki mnR I mvejxj fve wewbg‡qi Ici| fve wewbgq yBfv‡e n‡Z cv‡i| †g․wLK Ges A‡g․wLK|

†g․wLK fve wewbg‡qi mg‡q wKQz wel‡qi w`‡K jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e| †hgbÑ

• Lye DPz ¯‡i K_v bv ejv:

• Lye wbP ¯‡i K_v bv ejv:

• mnR fvlvq mivmwi I ax‡i ax‡i K_v ejv;

• K_vi fv‡ei mv‡_ wgj †i‡L KÉ¯‡ii IVvbvgv wVK ivLv;

• wkï‡ì K_v ejvi gvSLv‡b K_v bv ejv;

• wkï‡ì Ggb cÖkœ Kiv †hLv‡b wPšÍv Kivi my‡hvM _v‡K|

• •bwZevPK K_v ejv †_‡K weiZ _vKv;

A‡g․wLK fve wewbg‡qi jÿYxq w`K¸‡jv n‡jv:-

• wkï‡ì mv‡_ †Pv‡L †Pv‡L †hvMv‡hvM ivLv;

• wkï‡ì mv‡_ nvwmLywk _vKv;

wkÿK mnvwqKv 14

• wkï‡ì mvg‡b AvšÍwiKfv‡e emv;

• wkï‡ì KvQvKvwQ hvIqv;

• nvZ-gv_v-gyL bvovPvovi g‡a¨ GKwU mgšq iÿv Kiv

• K_vi fv‡ei mv‡_ A½fw½ wVK ivLv|

wkï‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ev fve wewbg‡qi †ÿ‡Î cÖkœ Kiv Ges cÖ‡kœi DËi †kvbv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkï‡ì‡K

Ggb cÖkœ Ki‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Zvi wPšÍv Kivi my‡hvM cvq| cÖkœ mvaviYZ wZb ai‡bi n‡q _v‡K| †hgb-

1. Agy³ cÖkœ

G ai‡bi cÖ‡kœi DËi mvaviYZ Ônu¨vÕ ev ÔbvÕ nq A_ev LyeB mswÿß nq| Gme cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z wkï‡ì wPšÍv

Kivi ev †ewk K_v ejvi my‡hvM _v‡K bv| †hgb- Ô G RvqMvUv wK †Zvgvi fv‡jv jv‡M?Õ G ai‡bi cÖkœ wkïi

fvlv weKv‡k †Zgb GKUv mnvqZv K‡i bv|

2. gy³ cÖkœ

G ai‡bi cÖkœ wkï‡K wPšÍv Ki‡Z Ges Zvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i DËi w`‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| G‡Z †m Zvi aAiYv,

AwfÁZv cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡i| †hgb- ÔGB RvqMvUv †Zvgvi fv‡jv jv‡M †Kb?Õ

3. cÖfvweZ cÖkœ:

G ai‡bi cÖ‡kœi DË‡i cÖkœKZ©v Zvi cQ‡›ì DËi Avkv K‡i A_©vr wkï ev DËi`vZv cÖ‡kœi MwZ cÖfvweZ nq|

†hgb- Ô G RvqMvUv Lye my›ì, ZvB bv?Õ G ai‡bi cÖkœ Ki‡j wkïiv Zv‡ì wbR¯ gZvgZ cÖKv‡ki my‡hvM

cvq bv| eis cÖkœKZ©vi BQv-AwbQvbyhvqx DËi †`q|

wkï‡ì me ai‡bi cÖkœB Kiv DwPZ n‡e Z‡e gy³ cÖ‡kœi eënvi †ewk _vK‡Z n‡e|

wkïiv Kxfv‡e †k‡L

wkïiv wewfbœfA‡e †k‡L| †KD †`‡L †k‡L, †KD ï‡b †k‡L, †KD K_vi gva¨‡g †k‡L| Avevi †h †`‡L

†k‡L, †m ï‡b ev Ab¨fv‡e †h †k‡L bv Zv wKš‧ bq| †Zgwb †h †kvbvi gva¨‡g †k‡L, †m Ab¨fv‡eI wkL‡Z

cv‡i| cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi †kLvi ai‡bB GKUv wbR¯Zv _v‡K| Z‡e g~jK_v n‡jv, wkïiv GKfv‡e †k‡L bv|

Rxe‡b Pjvi c‡_ Zvi wewfbœfv‡e wk‡L _v‡K| wkïiv mvaviYZ †hfv‡e †k‡L Zv n‡jv:

• †`‡L • ch©‡eÿY K‡i • AbyKiY K‡i

• MÜ wb‡q • ï‡b • ¯v` wb‡q

• Kíbv K‡i • Abyfe K‡i • Dcjwä K‡i

• Zzjbv K‡i • GKvKx wPšÍv K‡i • cÖkœ K‡i

• AskMÖnY K‡i • wb‡ ©kbv _v‡K • bvovPvov K‡i

• `‡j KvR K‡i • Mvb K‡i • Qovi gva¨‡g

• M‡íi gva¨‡g • AbymÜvb K‡i • evi evi †Póv K‡i

• eB c‡o • bv‡Pi gva¨‡g • Awfb‡qi gva¨‡g


wkï ZLbB me‡P‡q †ewk †k‡L hLb †m AvMÖn wb‡q †Kv‡bv Kv‡R mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY K‡i| cwiev‡i,

we`¨vj‡q I mgv‡R wewfbœ ev¯Íe AwfÁZv Zv‡ì wkL‡bi g~j wfwË| †Kv‡bv aviYv ev Z_¨ hLb wkïi c~e©eZx©

AwR©Z Ávb ev avi‡Yi wfwË‡Z Zvi Kv‡Q A_©c~Y© g‡b nq, ZLbB wkï Zvi wkL‡bi cieZx© av‡c cÖ‡ek K‡i|

wgïiv mgwš^Zfv‡e †k‡L Ges Zviv Zv‡ì wkLY‡K †Kv‡bv welq ev kvLvq wef³ K‡i bv| †h Kvi‡Y †Ljv

n‡Q wkïi †kLvi Ab¨Zg gva¨g|

wkïi †kLvi †ÿ‡Î g~jgš¿ n‡Q:

• wkï Ki‡Z Ki‡Z Ges †Lj‡Z †Lj‡Z †k‡L;

• AvMÖn n‡jv wkL‡bi g~j PvwjKvkw³;

• †Ljv n‡jv myLKi wkLb-AwfÁZv;

• Bw› ªqMÖvn¨ wewfbœ KvR n‡jv wkL‡bi gva¨g;

• ch©‡eÿY, AbymÜvb, wPšÍv I Kíbv n‡jv †kLvi KZ¸‡jv AZ¨vek¨Kxq Dcvq|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi cÖZ¨vwkZ djvdj AR©‡b wkÿK †kÖwY‡Z Ggbfv‡e cvVv`vb cÖwµqv Pvjv‡eb †hb wkïiv

Dc‡i D‡jøwLZ wewfbœ Dcv‡q †kLvi my‡hvM cvq|

10-L. wkÿ‡Ki `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨

†kÖwYK‡ÿ GKwU wkïevÜe cwi‡ek •Zwi K‡i I eRvq †i‡L h_vh_fv‡e wkLb- †kLv‡bv cÖwµqv cwiPvjbv

Kiv GKRb wkÿ‡Ki cÖavb `vwqZ¡| wkÿK‡K ZvB n‡Z n‡e wkïi eÜz| wkïi mv‡_ wZwb Ggbfv‡e wg‡k

hv‡eb, K_v ej‡eb A_ev †hvMv‡hvM I wg_wµq Ki‡eb hv‡Z wkï cig Av vi mv‡_ Zvi Ici wbf©i Ki‡Z

cv‡i, †hgbfv‡e †m wbf©i K‡i Zvi evev-gv ev cwiev‡ii Ab¨vb¨ wbKUvZ¥ªx‡qi Dci| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ¯Í‡ii

wkLb- †kLv‡bv cÖwµqvq wkÿ‡Ki fzwgKv n‡e ZvB mnvqZvKvixi (Facilitator) whwb wkLbevÜe cwi‡ek

•Zwi K‡i c‡` c‡` wkï‡K bvbv Kv‡R m¤ú„³ nIqvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡q Zv‡K bvbvfv‡e wkL‡Z mnvqZv

Ki‡eb| wb‡P GKRb Av`k© wkÿ‡Ki cÖavb wKQz ¸‡Yi D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv-

• wkïi mv‡_ memgq nvwmLywk _vKv;

• •ah©kxj nIqv;

• wewfbœ Kv‡R wkï‡ì mnvqZv Kiv;

• wkïi K_v †kvbv I gZvg‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ †Ìqv;

• wkïi mv‡_ wkïmyjf AvPiY Kiv;

• wkïevÜe cwi‡ek •Zwi Kiv;

• wkï‡ì gvZ…‡¯œ‡n wkÿv †Ìqv ;

• wkïi Kv‡Q wb‡R‡K Av`k© (Role Model) wn‡m‡e Zz‡j aiv;

• wkïi AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ mym¤úK© iÿv Kiv|

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z GKRb wkÿK wkï‡ì cvV`vb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i †kÖwY cwiPvjbvi mvwe©K `vwqZ¡ cvjb

Ki‡eb| Kv‡Ri aiY Abymv‡i wkÿ‡Ki KvR¸‡jv‡K K‡qKwU fv‡M fvM Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb-

• †kÖwY eë¯vcbv

• cvV cwiPvjbv

wkÿK mnvwqKv 16

• DcKiY msMÖn I msiÿY

• wewfbœ ch©v‡q †hvMv‡hvM

• mvgvwRK m‡PZbZv m„wó

10-L.1 †kÖwY eë ’vcbv

cÖvK-cÖvKwgK ¯‥z‡ji †kÖwY eë¯vcbvi mvwe©K cvjb Ki‡eb wkÿK| †kÖwY eë vcbvq Zvi †h mKj `vwqZ¡

i‡q‡Q †m¸‡jv wb¤œiƒc:

†kÖwYKÿ Avl©Yxq K‡i mvRv‡bv

GKwU mvRv‡bv-‡MvQv‡bv †kÖwYKÿ wkï‡ì gbbkxjZv weKv‡ki Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwYKÿ

mvRv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿK wewfbœ c`‡ÿc wb‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb-

• †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkï Dc‡hvMx wewfbœ †cv÷vi, PvU© BZ¨vw` Uvwb‡q ivLv| Z‡e G¸‡jv wkïi „wó mxgvi g‡a¨

Uvbv‡Z n‡e|

• wkï‡ì AuvKv Qwe Ges wewYœ nv‡Zi KvR w`‡q †kÖwYKÿ mvRv‡bv| Z‡e Qwe¸‡jv wKQzw`b cici

cwieZ©b Ki‡Z n‡e| gvwU, cvZv ev KvM‡Ri •Zwi DcKiY¸‡jv †kÖwYK‡ÿi †`qv‡j my›ì K‡i

jvwM‡q ev Szwj‡q ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ wewfbœ Kb©v‡ii DcKiY¸‡jv wba©vwiZ Kb©v‡i my›ìfv‡e mvwR‡q ivLv|

• †`qv‡ji gvSvgvwS RvqMvq GKUz wb‡P eø¨vK‡evW© jvMv‡bv †hb †kÖwYK‡ÿi me‡P‡q †QvU wkïwUI Zv

†`L‡Z I eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡i|

wewfbœ KvR Abyhvqx wkï‡ì emv‡bv

Kv‡Ri aib Abyhvqx wkï‡ì KL‡bv eo `‡j Avevi KK‡bv †QvU `‡j emv‡Z n‡e| eo `‡ji mgq U AvK…wZ‡Z emv‡Z n‡e †hb wkïiv G‡K Aci‡K †`L‡Z cvq| †QvU `‡ji mgq wkïiv ¸Q AvKv‡i duvKv duvKv

n‡q Ggb yi‡Z¡ em‡e †hb cÖwZwU `‡ji Kv‡Q mn‡RB hvIqv hvq| Avevi Mí ejvi mgq wkï‡ì M‡íi

Avm‡ei g‡Zv (KvQvKvwQ R‡ov K‡i) emv‡Z n‡e|

†kÖwYK‡ÿi wfZi I Avkcvk cwi®‹vi cwi”Qbœ ivLv

†kÖwYKÿ memgq cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ ivL‡Z n‡e| GRb¨ KiYxq KvR¸‡jv n‡jv- wbqwgZ Svo †Ìqv I Szj

cwi®‥vi Kiv, DcKiY¸‡iv gy‡Q I ¸wQ‡q ivLv| ZvQvov †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii PvicvkI cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ ivL‡Z

n‡e| G mKj Kv‡R wkï‡ì m¤ú„³ Ki‡Z n‡e| Z‡e †m‡ÿ‡Î Aek¨B wkÿK wb‡R Dcw Z †_‡K KvRwU

ZË¡veavb Ki‡eb|

evB‡i †Ljvi RvqMv

†kÖwYK‡ÿi Av‡kcv‡k wbivc` I Db¥y³ RvqMvq (†hgb gvV, Mv‡Qi Qvqv BZ¨vw`) `jxq †Ljvi Av‡qvRb

Ki‡Z wkÿK D‡`¨vMx n‡eb| wkÿK mnvwqKvq ewY©Z †Ljv QvovI vbxqfv‡e cÖPwjZ †Ljv (†hgb †MvjøvQzU)

G‡ÿ‡Î Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e vbxq †Ljv wbe©vPb I †Ljvi mgq wkï‡ì wbivcËv I myiÿvi

welqwU m‡e©vP we‡ePbvq ivL‡Z n‡e|


10- L. 2 cvV cwiPvjbv

wkÿK mvßvwnK iæwUb I cÖwZw`‡bi cvV cwiKíbv Abyhvqx cÖwµqv AbymiY K‡i wba©vwiZ KvRmg~n cwiPvjbv

Ki‡eb| Kv‡Ri Ici wfwË K‡i wkÿK‡K cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖ ‧wZ wb‡Z n‡e| cvV cwiPvjbvq wkï‡ì BQv-

AwbQv‡K ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e| cÖ‡qvR‡b iæwU‡b wKQz cwieZ©b Avbv †h‡Z cv‡i|

10- L.3 DcKiY msMÖn I msiÿY

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì Rb¨ wbw ©ó wKQz KvR Ki‡Z vbxqfv‡e wKQz DcKiY msMÖ‡ni cÖ‡qvRb

co‡e| †hgb- cvZv, KvwV, KvMR, †evZvg, †QvU B‡Ui UzKiv ev cv_i BZ¨vw`| cvV cwiPvjbvi iæwUb AbymiY

K‡i wkÿK K¬vm ïiæi c~‡e©B cÖ‡qvRbxq DKiYmg~n msMÖn K‡i ivL‡eb|

B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ PviwU Kb©v‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi DcKi‡Yi ZvwiKv †Ìqv Av‡Q †hLv‡b vbxqfv‡e msMÖn

Kiv hvq Ggb A‡bK DcKiYi‡q‡Q| wkÿK wbR D‡`¨v‡M Ges Ab¨‡ì mnvqZvq Gme DcKiY msMÖ‡ni

D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡eb| †kÖwY‡Z wewfbœ Kv‡Ri mgq wkïiv †h me †Ljbv •Zwi Ki‡e wkÿK †m¸‡jv‡KI Kb©v‡i

†Ìqvi Rb¨ msiÿY Ki‡eb| GQvov wkÿK wkï‡ì wcZvgvZv I vbxq AwffveK‡ì mnvqZvq wewfbœ

†Ljbv msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡ib Z‡e Zv n‡Z n‡e wkï evÜe Ges wbivc`|

msM„nxZ DcKiY¸‡jv `xN©w`b AvKl©Yxq I †UKmB ivLvi Rb¨ h_vh_ msiÿY Kiv ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| DciKiY

msiÿ‡Y wkÿK wb‡Pi c`‡ÿç‡jv MÖnb Ki‡Z cv‡ib-

• cÖwZw`b Kv‡Ri ïiæi‡Z †hLv‡b †h DcKiY cÖ‡qvRb, †m Abyhvqx DcKiY¸‡jv mvwR‡q ivL‡eb|

• cÖwZw`b KvR †k‡l DcKiY¸‡jv cwi®‥vi K‡i ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î wkï‡ì‡K m¤ú„w³ K‡i

`vwqZ¡ †Ìqv hvq| Z‡e †Kvb †Kvb `vwqZ¡ †K †K cvjb Ki‡e Zv w`‡bi ïiæ‡Z wkï‡ì Rvwb‡q w`‡Z

n‡e|

10- L. 4 wewfbœ †ÿ‡Î †hvMv‡hvM

cÖvK cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µg myôz I mvejxjfv‡e cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wewfbœ ch©v‡q †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Kiv cÖ‡qvRb|

wkÿK‡K G‡ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx wkï, AwffveK, cÖavb wkÿKmn Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK, we`¨vjq eë¯vcbv KwgwU

Ges mswkøó Awd‡mi mv‡_ cÖ‡qvRbxq †hvMv‡hvM iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|

10- L.5 mvgvwRK m‡PZbZv •Zwi

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µg mdjfv‡e m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ mvgvwRK m‡PZbZvi welqwU AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖavb

wkÿK I AwffveKMY hw` cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwYi Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K© Rv‡bb Ges Kv‡Ri ¸iæZ¡ †ev‡Sb, Zvn‡j

Zuv‡ì KvQ †_‡K memgq mn‡hvwMZv cvIqv hv‡e| mvgvwRK m‡PZbZv •Zwi‡Z wkÿK wb‡Pi c`‡ÿç‡jv

MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ cÖwZ gv‡m GKwU K‡i mfv Kiv| mfvq cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx wewfbœ welqe¯‧ wb‡q

Av‡jvPbv Kiv|

• wewfbœ mg‡q wkï‡ì evwo‡Z cvIqv Ges Zv‡ì fv‡jvg›` wb‡q AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv

• wewfbœ mvgvwRK I agx©q Abyôvbvw`‡Z wb‡R D‡`¨vMx n‡q AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ K_v ejv Ges Kzkj

wewbgq Kiv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 18

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi Rb¨ wkÿ‡Ki •`bw›`b KiYxq

• cvV`v‡bi ïiæ‡Z wkÿK †K‡› ª Dcw Z wkï‡ì m‡½ Kzkj wewbgq Ki‡eb Ges Zv‡ì myweav-

Amyweavi K_v Rvb‡Z I ~i Ki‡Z m‡Pó n‡eb| GRb¨ †Kv‡bv auvav, NUbv, Mvb ev M‡í gva¨‡g

Avb›``vqK cwi‡ek m„wó Ki‡eb|

• RvZxq msMxZ Ges e¨vqv‡gi gva¨‡g cÖwZw`‡bi KvR ïiæ Ki‡eb|

• cvV`v‡bi myweav‡_© cÖwZwU welq iæwUb Abyhvqx wkï‡ì Kiv‡eb|

• wkÿK cÖwZw`b †h †h welq cov‡eb Zvi Av‡Mi w`b Aek¨B H welq Abyhvqx cÖ ‧wZ †b‡eb| G‡Z

K¬vm cwiPvjbv mnR I Avb›``vqK n‡e|

• welqe ‧ Dc¯vc‡bi mgq DcKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j ( †hgb- dzj, wewP, KvV BZ¨vw`) wkÿK †mB

welqe ‧ Dc¯vc‡bi c~‡e©i w`b wkï‡ì‡K Kx Kx DcKiY wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e Zv e‡j †`‡eb|

• cÖwZwU KvRB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| wkïiv cÖwZwU KvR eyS‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv Ges mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv

wkÿK Aek¨B †mw`‡K bRi ivL‡eb|

• cÖwZwU welq Dc vc‡bi mgq wkï‡ì‡K AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• mßv‡ni †kl w`‡b hZUzKz m¤¢e wba©vwiZ welq¸‡jv wb‡q cybiv‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡i RvtqMv _vK‡j †mLv‡b †Ljv I e¨vqvg Kiv‡eb| hw` evB‡i RvqMv bv _v‡K Zvn‡j

†K‡› ªi †fZ‡i Kiv‡eb|

• wbR wbR eB, LvZv, †Ljbv BZ¨vw` ¸wQ‡q ivLvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| mKj ai‡bi PvU©

Ges DcKiY K¬v‡m eënv‡ii ci wkÿK †m¸‡jv fv‡jvfv‡e ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì cvwievwiK wewfbœ NUbv ev AwfÁZv wewbg‡qi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡eb| we‡kl K‡i Mí

ejvi mgq M‡íi PwiÎ ev NUbv wkï‡ì AwfR&nZvi mv‡_ †gjv‡Z m‡Pó n‡e|

• wg‡jwg‡k _vKv, cvi¯úwiK m¤úªxwZ eRvh ivLvi wel‡q wkÿK wkï‡ì wbKU wewfbœ Mí, D`vniY

Dc vcb Ki‡eb|

• †QvU-Lv‡Uv SMov weev` gb KlvKwl wbim‡b wkÿK m‡PZb _vK‡eb|

• wewebœ cÖKvi fv‡jvjvMv, LvivcjvMv I myL- yt‡Li Abyf‚wZ †kqvi Ki‡Z wkÿK wkï‡ì DØy× Ki‡eb|

• eo‡ì m¤§vb Kiv, †QvU‡ì †¯œn Kiv, mK‡j wg‡k _vKv BZ¨vw` welq wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K wbqwgZ

ej‡eb Ges eënvwiK Rxe‡b Kv‡R jvMv‡Z m‡Pó Ki‡eb|

• wg_¨v ejv Ges A‡bï wRwbm bv e‡j †bqv Ab¨vq, mZ¨ K_v ejv BZ¨vw` welq †QvU †QvU gRvi Mí

ev NUbvi wkÿK wkï‡ì wbKU Dc¯vcb Ki‡eb|

• cvV`vb †k‡l wkï‡ì‡K cieZx© w`‡b AveviI Avmvi Rb¨ AvKl©Yxq wKQz e‡j abëv`/ï‡fQv

Rvwb‡q K¬vm †k‡l Ki‡eb|


cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek

cwiwPwZ •`wbK mgv‡ek

wb‡Ri cwiwPwZ

we`¨vjq cwiwPwZ

mncvVx I we`¨vj‡qi

wkÿK‡`i mv‡_ cwiwPwZ

wkLb mvgMÖxi cwiwPwZ

Kzkj wewbgq

RvZxq msMxZ

fve wewbgq

cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZv

wkÿK mnvwqKv 20

cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwYi wkï‡ì Rb¨ cwiwPwZ I •`wbK mgv‡ek I KvR ivLv n‡q‡Q| cwiwPwZi KvR¸‡jv wkÿK

cÖ_g gv‡m Kiv‡eb| cieZx©‡Z mviv eQie¨vcx •`wbK mgv‡e‡ki KvR¸‡jv Kiv‡eb|

K. cwiwPwZ

wkLbdj : 2.1.2: ï‡fQv wewbgq Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

2.1.3: wkÿK I eo‡ì mv‡_ fve wewbgq (K_v ejv, Abyf‚wZ cÖKvk Kiv) Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

K- 1. wb‡Ri cwiwPwZ

c×wZ

• wkÿK cÖ_‡g wb‡Pi cwiPq wkï‡ì †`‡eb Ges ¯úó K‡i wb‡Ri bvg ej‡eb|

• Gevi cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e Zv‡ì bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb|

• cieZx©‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K wb‡Ri bvg e‡j Zvi c‡ii wkïi bvg wR‡Ám Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Avgvi

bvg....., †Zvgvi bvg wK?

• Gevi wkï‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K‡K GKwU K‡i Avgvi eB w`‡eb|

• mevB‡K Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv 2 Ly‡j ÔAvgvi QweÕ †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Avgvi Qwei e‡¯‥ Zvi wb‡Ri Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb|

• AuvKv †kl n‡j cÖ‡Z¨K‡Ki eB‡q Avgvi Qwei bx‡P wkïwUi bvg wj‡L eywS‡q w`‡eb †h GLv‡b

Zv‡ì bvg †jLv n‡q‡Q| GLb †_‡K GB eBwU Zvi| cieZx©‡Z Avgvi eB‡qi †h †Kvb Kv‡R wkï

†hb Zvi eBwUB cvq wkÿK Zv wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

• cieZx©‡Z wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K Zv‡ì wb‡Ri Qwe (m¤¢e n‡j) Avb‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib Ges Qwe †c‡j

Avgvi Qwei e‡· Zv jvwM‡q w`‡Z cv‡ib|

K- 2. we`¨vjq cwiwPwZ

wkLbdj : 6.1.4: wb‡Ri evwo Ges we`¨vj‡qi wRwbmcÎ wPb‡e Ges G¸‡jvi cÖwZ hZœkxj n‡e|

c×wZ

wkÿK wkï‡ì mvg‡b we`¨vj‡qj cwi‡ekwU Ggb mnR I Avcb K‡i Dc vcb Ki‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv mn‡R

we`¨vj‡qi bZzb cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ avc LvB‡q wb‡Z cv‡i| wkïiv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q Avmvi 1g gv‡m

wkÿK Zv‡ì‡K we`¨vj‡qi wewfbœ my‡hvM-myweav I AeKvVv‡gvi mv‡_ cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡eb| GQvovI

we`¨vj‡qi Avkcvk ev wbKU cÖwZ‡e‡ki mv‡_ wkï‡ì cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡eb| GRb¨ wkÿK wb‡Pi KvR¸‡jv

Ki‡eb|

• •e`wbK mgv‡e‡k wkÿK cÖwZw`b wkï‡ì wbKU we`¨vjq cwiwPwZ Zz‡j ai‡eb| †hgb- we`¨vj‡qi

bvg, we`¨vj‡qi Ae vb (wVKvbv), wkïiv †Kvb †kÖwY‡Z c‡o BZ¨vw` ej‡eb Ges wkï‡ì wbKU

†_‡K cieZx©‡Z ïb‡eb|


• •`wbK mgv‡ek I RvZxq msMx‡Zi ci wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡jb| Zvi ej‡eb- ÒAvR

Avgiv Avgv‡ì we`¨vjq m¤ú‡K© RvbeÓ| †Zvgiv wK ej‡Z cvi‡e Avgv‡ì we`¨vj‡qi bvg Kx?

gv‡V Kx Av‡Q? cyKziwU †Kv_vq? we`¨vj‡qi wcQ‡b Kx Kx MvQ Av‡Q? bjK‚cwU †Kv_vh? wkï‡ì

DËi w`‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| Zvici wkÿK wb‡R wkï‡ì we`¨vjq m¤ú‡K© ej‡eb|

• Gici wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q jvBb K‡i we`¨vj‡qi Pvicvk Ny‡i Ny‡i †Kv_vq Kx Av‡Q Zv †`Lv‡eb|

†hgb- Uq‡jU †Kv_vq, Kxfv‡e Zv eënvi Ki‡Z nq; Lvevi cvwb †Kv_vq cvIqv hv‡e; jvB‡eªwi,

we`¨vj‡qi Ab¨vb¨ feb, cÖavb wkÿK I Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK‡ì emvi RvqMv I Ab¨vb¨ my‡hvM-myweavw`

Ny‡i Ny‡i †`wL‡q w`‡eb|

• cyKzi ev Rjvkq _vK‡j wkï‡ì †mUv †`wL‡q w`‡eb Ges mvZvi Rvbvi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvi wewfbœ w`K

Zz‡j ai‡eb| bjK‚‡ci Kv‡Q wM‡q bjK‚c Pvc w`‡q Zv eënvi †kLv‡eb| eo iv¯Ívq GKv GKv

hvIqv hv‡e bv| †M‡j yN©Ubv NU‡Z cv‡i G welq wkï‡ì ej‡eb|

• G KvRwU 15/20 Kg© wèm a‡i Pj‡Z cv‡i| mvgwMÖK cwiwPwZg~jK KvRwU †hb AZ¨šÍ cÖvYešÍ I

AvKl©Yxq nq †mw`‡K wkÿK †Lqvj Ki‡eb| cwi`k©‡bi mgq welq mswkøó gRvi AwfÁZv ev Mí

eY©bv Ki‡eb|

• GB c‡e©i †k‡li w`‡K wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †kÖwYK‡ÿ †ivj †cøÕi gva¨‡g ¯‥z‡ji g¨vc •Zwi

Ki‡eb| cy‡iv †kÖwYKÿ‡K ¯‥z‡ji cÖv½Y we‡ePbv K‡i wkÿK wb‡R cÖ_‡g Ae vb wb‡q ej‡eb Avwg

¯‥z‡ji †MU| Gevi b¨ KvD‡K ¯‥z‡ji bjK‚c n‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK jÿ Ki‡eb wkïiv Ae vb

Abyhvqx uvov‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv| cÖ_‡g wkÿK e¨vL¨v K‡i wb‡R †MU †_‡K Ae vb wKfv‡e †h‡Z n‡e

Zv †`wL‡q †`‡eb| Zvici wkï‡ì Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

K. 3. mncvVx I we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK‡ì mv‡_ cwiwPwZ

wkLbdj : 6.1.5: cwiev‡ii m`m¨ I wbKU AvZ¥xq‡ì m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e|

c×wZ

wkï‡ì we`¨vj‡q AvMg‡bi w`b †_‡KB wkÿK Zv‡ì cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki bvg, evev-gv‡qi bvg I Zvi wcÖq eÜz‡ì

bvg Rvbvi Rb¨ †QvU †QvU cÖkœ Ki‡eb| cÖkœ¸‡jv Ggbfv‡e Ki‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv gRv cvq Ges AvMÖ‡ni mv‡_

DËi †`q| Avjv‡ci g‡Zv K‡i avivevwnKfv‡e G Kvh©µgwU Pj‡Z _vK‡e| GQvov cÖwZw`‡bi wewfbœ †Ljvi

†h Kvh©µg _vK‡e Zvi wfZi w`‡qI wkïiv mncvVx‡ì mv‡_ cwiwPwZ n‡e|

• wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkï‡ì bvg a‡i WvK‡eb|

• wkïiv Zvi mncvVx‡ì bvg Rvb‡e| Zvi eÜz‡ì bvg ej‡e|

• wkÿK gv‡S gv‡S wkï‡ì wb‡q eQ‡ii ïiæi w`‡K bv‡gi †Ljv Ki‡eb| †hgb- GKRb wkï ej‡e,

Avgvi bvg wjgv| cv‡ki eÜz‡K wb‡ ©kK‡i ej‡e, Avgvi eÜzi bvg wgjb| Avevi wgjb ej‡e, Avgvi

bvg wgjb Avi Avgvi cv‡ki eÜzi bvg ivwL| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g wkïiv bv‡gi †LjvwU eQ‡ii ïiæi

gv‡m †Lj‡e|

• wkïi wb‡Ri bvg, evev-gv, fvB‡ev‡bi bvg ej‡Z wkÿK DØy× Ges mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 22

• cwiev‡ii wbKU AvZ¥xq `v`v, `vw`, bv-bvwb, gvgv-gvwg, PvPv-PvwP, Lvjv-Lvjy, dzcy-dzcv m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z

mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡Ri evwo/gnjøv/iv Ív/MÖv‡gi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb Ges ej‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wb‡Ri bvg wkï‡ì wbKU ej‡eb Ges Ab¨vb¨ wkÿK‡ì †kÖwYK‡ÿ wb‡q G‡m wkï‡ì mv‡_

cwiPq Kiv‡eb Ges cÖwZwU wkï‡K wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb|

K- 4. wkLb mvgMÖx cwiwPwZ

c×wZ

• wkï‡ì wb‡q U AvK…wZ‡Z em‡eb|

• Avgvi eB, G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv I d¬vk KvW©¸‡jv wkï‡ì mvg‡b ivL‡eb|

• wkï‡ì GKwU K‡i Avgvi eB I G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv wb‡q wb‡Ri RvqMvq em‡Z ej‡eb|

• eB I LvZv †`Lvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì wKQz mgq w`b| eB I LvZv m¤‡Ü †KD †Kv‡bv wKQz Rvb‡Z

PvB‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• Gevi d¬vk Kv‡W©i c¨v‡KU †_‡K d¬vk KvW©¸‡jv †ei K‡i wkï‡ì mvg‡b ivLyb| wkï‡ì KvW©¸‡jv

†b‡o‡P‡o †`Lvi my‡hvM w`‡eb|

• ¯ieY©-e¨ÄbeY© PvU© I wd¬c PvU© wkï‡ì †`Lv‡eb|

• †Ljbv mvgMÖxmg~n wkï‡ì †`Lv‡bv Ges ej‡eb Gme †Ljbv w`‡q Zviv †Lj‡e|

• wkLb mvgMÖx¸‡jv hZœ mnKv‡i eënv‡ii wel‡q wkï‡ì m‡PZb Kivi Rb¨ wb¤œwjwLZ welq wb‡q

wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• wkLb mvgMÖxmg~n eQie¨vcx eënvi Kiv n‡e|

• Kxfv‡e eënvi Kiv n‡j wkLb mvgMÖxmg~n cwicvwU ivLv hvq|

• Kx Kx Dcv‡q wkLb mvgMÖx hZœ †bIqv hvq|


L. •`wbK mgv‡ek

L-1. Kzkj wewbgq

wkLbdj : 2.2.2 : mncvVx Ges mgeqmx‡ì cÖwZ mn‡hvwMZvi g‡bvfve cÖ`kb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

c×wZ

ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ Kzkj wewbg‡qi gva¨‡g wkïiv ax‡i ax‡i mvgvwRK n‡q DV‡e Ges Zv‡ì GKR‡bi cÖwZ

Av‡iKR‡bi ggZ¡‡eva I eÜzZ¡ •Zwi n‡e| wkÿK wkï‡ì mv‡_ Kzkj wewbg‡qi KvRwU wb‡Pi wbq‡g

cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q nvZ a‡i †Mvj n‡q uvov‡eb|

• wkï‡ì ej‡eb, Ò†Zvgiv mevB †Kgb AvQ? †Zvgv‡ì Kv‡iv wK bZzb †Kvb Lei/NUbv Av‡Q hv

Avgv‡ì mevB‡K Rvbv‡Z cv‡iv?Ó Gici •`wbK ¾ Rb wkï‡K ejvi my‡hvM w`‡eb| Gfv‡e

ch©vqµ‡g mKj wkï‡K ej‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK‡K jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z cÖwZw`b wkïiv GKB NUbv/Lei bv e‡j G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿK wkï‡ì

MvBW Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì fv‡jv jvMv/`vivc jvMv/myL- ytL Abyf‚wZ cÖKvk BZ¨vw` we‡q fve wewbg‡qi h_vh_

cwi‡ek •Zwi K‡i Av‡jvPbvi m~ÎcvZ NUv‡eb|

• hw` wec`¾bK †Kv‡bv NUbv (cvwb‡Z cov, KzKzi Kvgov‡bv) N‡U Z‡e wkÿK wkï‡ì mZK© K‡i

†`‡eb hv‡Z Ggb Ae vq Avi bv co‡Z nq|

• fv‡jv NUbv‡K cÖksmv Ki‡eb hv‡Z mevB fv‡jv wKQz wkL‡Z I Ki‡Z AvMÖnx nq| •bwZKZv ev

Av`k© wbf©i NUbv/Lei Dc¯vc‡b wkÿK wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• wkïiv hv‡Z ev Í‡e hv N‡U‡Q ZvB e‡j †mw`‡K jÿ¨ ivL‡eb|

• wkÿK G mgq jÿ¨ ivL‡eb wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †Kvb g‡bvgvwjb¨ n‡q‡Q wKbv? n‡j Zv wbimb Kiv‡eb,

GB e‡j †h, Avgiv mevB eÜz, mevB wg‡jwg‡k †Ljvayjv Kie Ges wkLe|

L-2. RvZxq msMxZ

wkLbdj : 5.2.6 : RvZxq msMxZ MvB‡Z cvi‡e|

2.6.2 : RvZxq cZvKvi cÖwZ m¤§vb I fv‡jvevmv cÖ`k©b Ki‡e|

2.6.3: RvZxq msMx‡Zi cÖwZ kÖ×v I fv‡jvevmv cÖ`k©b Ki‡e|

c×wZ

wkÿK mKj wkï‡K †mvRv n‡q uvov‡Z ej‡eb Ges RvZxq msMxZ †kl bv nIqv ch©šÍ †mvRv n‡q bxi‡e

uvwo‡q _vK‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖ_‡g wkÿK wb‡R cy‡iv RvZxq msMxZ myi K‡i MvB‡eb|

• RvZxq msMxZ MvIqvi mgq uvwo‡q m¤§vb cÖ`‡Yi welqwU mKj wkï‡K eywS‡q/†`wL‡q w`‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 24

• wkïiv cÖwZw`b wkÿ‡Ki m‡½ RvZxq msMxZ †M‡q w`‡bi K¬vm ïiæ Ki‡e|

• Z‡e wkÿK wkï‡ì cÖwZ mßv‡n Pvi jvBb K‡i RvZxq msMx‡Zi K_v I myi †kLv‡eb|

• Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g mKj wkï †hb cy‡iv RvZxq msMxZ myi K‡i MvB‡Z cv‡i wkÿK Zv wbwðZ

Ki‡eb|

• RvZxq msMxZ †kl Kivi ci wkï‡ì RvZxq cZvKv‡K m¨vjyU cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

L-3. fve wewbgq

wkLbdj : 2.6. : gyw³hy× m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡e Ges RvwZi Rb‡Ki cÖwZ kÖ×v I m¤§vb cÖ`k©b Ki‡e|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK wkï‡ì ej‡eb Avgv‡ì RvZxq cZvKv Avgiv gnvb gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡g AR©b K‡iwQ| 1971

mv‡j Avgv‡ì gnvb gyw³hy× msNwUZ n‡qwQj| wkÿK RvwZi RbK e½eÜzi Qwe †`Lv‡eb Ges Zvi

Ae`vb m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• wb‡Pi m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z ej‡eb|

• Avgv‡ì wewfbœ wDrme ev wèm m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡eb, Avgiv we`¨vjq eÜ ev C‡ì mgq †Kv_vq †Kv_vq †eo‡Z hvB?

• wkïiv A‡bK RvqMvi bvg ej‡e wKš‧ wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb †hb wkïiv `v`v evwo I bvbvevwo †eov‡Z

hvB G kã¸‡jv e‡j|

• wkïiv hLb `v`vevwo ej‡e, ZLb wkÿK ej‡e `v`vevwo‡Z †K †K Av‡Q| `v`v-`vw`, dzdz/dzdv

dzdv‡Zv fvB †evb I AviI A‡b‡K Av‡Q|

• Avevi wkïiv hLb bvbv evwo ej‡e ZLb bvbv evwo‡Z †K †K _v‡K| †hgb- bvbv, bvwb, gvgv gvwg,

gvgv‡Zv fvB‡evb I AviI A‡b‡K Av‡Q|

• GQvov wkÿK wewfbœ Drme I wèm wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

L- 4. cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZv

wkLbdj : 6.2.1 : evow I we`¨vj‡qi cwi‡ek cwiQbœ ivL‡e|

c×wZ

• cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwYKÿ memgq cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ ivL‡Z n‡e|

• GRb¨ KiYxq KvR¸‡jv n‡jv-wbqwgZ Svo †Ìqv, wbqwgZ Szj cwi®‥vi Kiv I DcKiY¸‡jv gy‡Q

ivLv|

• †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii Pvicvk Svo w`‡q cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ ivLv|

• G mKj Kv‡R wkÿK, wkÿv_x©‡ì ch©vµ‡g `vwqZ¡ w`‡eb Ges wkÿK wb‡RI G mKj KvR Ki‡eb|


• G wkÿv_x©‡ì cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZvi KvR¸‡jv wkÿK ZË¡veavb Ki‡eb| wkïiv KvM‡Ri UzKiv,

Lvev‡ii DwQó hv‡Z wbw ©ó RvqMvq †d‡j Ges wbw ©ó RvqMv bv †c‡j wb‡R msiÿY K‡i cieZx©‡Z

wbw ©ó RvqMvq †d‡j G wel‡q wkÿK m‡PZb Ki‡eb| wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q wb¤œwjwLZ Mvb MvB‡Z

MvB‡Z we`¨vj‡qi gvV eviv›`v I AvwObvq cwiQbœZvi KvR Ki‡eb Ges evwo‡ZI †hb wkïiv

Gfv‡e K‡i Zv ej‡eb|

KvM‡Ri UzKiv KvM‡Ri UzKiv

c‡o Av‡Q H c‡o Av‡Q H

RvqMv K‡i †bvsiv RvqMv K‡i †bvsiv

Zz‡j †bB, we‡b †d‡j †`B|

• KvM‡Ri UzKivi RvqMvq wewfbœ iKg Ab¨vb¨ c‡i _vKv wRwb‡mi bvg D‡jøL K‡i wkÿK cwiQbœZvi

KvR K‡i wkï‡ì †kLv‡eb|

• wkÿv_x©‡ì e¨w³MZ cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZv †hgb- †cvkvK, RyZv cv‡q ¯‥z‡j Avmv, †Mvmj, nvZ †avqv,

Pzj, bL, `vZ cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ ivLv BZ¨vw` welq¸‡jv Z`viK Ki‡eb|

• †Ljv Aa¨v‡q e¨w³MZ cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZv wel‡q †ek wKQz †Ljv i‡q‡Q hv GLv‡bI †Ljv †hZ

cv‡i|

• wkï‡ì e‡j w`‡eb cÖwZwU K¬vm †k‡l LvZv, Kjg, †Ljbv h_v¯v‡b ¸wQ‡q ivL‡Z|

• `vwqZ¡cÖvß `j‡K Kx KvR Ki‡Z n‡e Zv eywS‡q e‡j w`‡eb| (†hgb- m¨v‡Ûj evB‡i ivLv, †Ljbv

DcKiY †hLv‡b †mLv‡b †d‡j bv ivLv, KvM‡Ri UzKiv Lvev‡ii eR©¨ †d‡j †bvsiv bv Kiv)

• wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb `vqZ¡cÖvß `‡ji KvR¸‡jv wkïiv mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Q wKbv?

• wkï GKK ev `jxq `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z cvi‡j mevi mvg‡b nvZZvwj w`‡q Kv‡Ri cÖksmv Ki‡eb

hv‡Z cieZ©x‡Z Ab¨ `j Kv‡R DrmvwnZ nq|

we‡kl ªóe¨

†kÖwYKÿ cwiQbœ ivLv we`¨vj‡qi Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvi Ab¨Zg Ask| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv eë vcbvq

wkï‡ì w`‡q †kÖwYKÿ cwiQbœ ivLvi †K․kjwU Kvh©Ki| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q wewfbœ `j MVb

Ki‡eb Ges `j‡bZv‡ì ch©vqµ‡g †kÖwY cwiQbœZvi `vwqZ¡ w`‡eb| †kÖwYKÿ cwiQbœZv ej‡Z

DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivLv, †evW© †gvQv, KvM‡Ri UzKiv, Lvev‡ii eR©¨ †d‡j †bvsiv bv Kiv, m¨v‡Ûj evB‡i

ivLv BZ¨vw`| cÖ‡Z¨‡KB †hb `j‡bZv nIqvi my‡hvM cvq †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|

wkÿK cÖwZ mßv‡ni Rb¨ `j‡bZv wbe©vPbmn `j MVb K‡i cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZvi wel‡q Zv‡ì `vwqZ¡

eywS‡q w`‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 26

e¨vqvg

f‚wgKv

wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ we‡kl wb‡ ©kbv

e¨vqvg Kiv‡bvi wb‡`©kbv


f~wgKv

GKwU Kg©ÿg, nvwm-Lywk, myLx I Avb›`gq Rxe‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi my¯ †`n I my¯ gb cÖ‡qvRb| my¯ †`n

I my¯ gb wbwðZKi‡Yi Rb¨ e¨vqvg Ab¨Zg Dcvq| e¨vqvg wkï‡ì †cwk mÂvj‡bi `ÿZv Ges gw¯Í‡®‥i

Kvh©ÿgZv e„w× Kivi †ÿ‡Î mnvqK f‚wgKv iv‡L| GQvovI wkï‡ì kvixwiK RoZv wbimb, Avb›`jvf I

we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ e¨vqvg GKwU Kvh©Ki gva¨g| Gme welq Ges cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì eqm we‡ePbv K‡i

cvV¨m~wP‡Z e¨vqg AšÍf©~³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

GLv‡b †gvU 10wU e¨vqv‡gi wPÎmn wbqgvewj †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| cÖwZw`b wbqwgZfv‡e Ab¨ Kvh©µg ïiæ c~‡e©

ch©vqµ‡g e¨vqg¸‡jv Kiv‡Z n‡e| e¨vqvg Kivi mgq avç‡jv h_vh_fv‡e †g‡b Pjv AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

GRb¨ wkÿK wkïi Af¨ nIqvi AvM ch©šÍ Aek¨B wb‡R e¨vqvg¸‡jv K‡i †`Lv‡eb|

wkLbdj : 1.1.4: wewfbœ kvixwiK KmiZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

wbqwgZ G e¨vqvg¸‡jv Kiv n‡j wkï‡ì-

• nvZ I cv‡qi †cwk mej n‡e|

• kix‡ii wewfbœ A½-cÖZ¨½ (†hgb- nvZ, cv, Nvo, †Kvgi) mÂvwjZ n‡e|

• gw¯Í‡®‥i Kvh©ÿgZv evo‡e|

• AjmZv ~i n‡e I m‡ZRZv e„w× cv‡e|

• kix‡ii fvimvg¨ iÿvi `ÿZv e„w× cv‡e|

Gme kvixwiK DcKvwiZvi cvkvcvwk wkï‡ì-

• k„|Ljv‡eva evo‡e

• g‡bv‡hvM evo‡e|

• wb‡ ©kbv AbymiY Ki‡Z Af¨¯ n‡e|

• cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvi g‡bvfve I †bZ…‡Z¡i ¸Yvewj weKwkZ n‡e|

wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ we‡kl wb‡ ©kbv

• e¨vqvg Kiv‡bvi mgq wkïi kix‡ii †Kvb As‡k e¨_v ev Ab¨ †Kvb iKg mgm¨v †eva n‡Q wKbv

wkÿK Zv Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡eb|

• cÖwZwU e¨vqv‡gi ci wkï‡ì wKQz mgq wekÖvg (Relax) w`‡eb|

• evwl©K cvV cwiKíbvq gvmIqvwi e¨vqv‡gi ZvwjKvi wel‡q wb‡ ©kbv i‡q‡Q| †hgb- Rvbyqvwi I

†deªæqvwi gv‡m cÖ_g 5wU e¨vqvg, gvP© I GwcÖj gv‡m cÖ_g 5wU e¨vqv‡gi mv‡_ bZzb GKwU

e¨vqvg mshy³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g e¨vqv‡gi msL¨v evov‡bv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK †mB

Abymv‡i e¨vqv‡gi msL¨v e„w× Ki‡eb|

• wkïiv Af¨ Í n‡q †M‡j Zv‡ì‡K evwo‡ZI wbqwgZ e¨vqvg¸‡jv Kivi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

Ge¨vcv‡i AwffveK mfvi mgq AwffveK‡ì‡K wblqwU eywS‡q ej‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 28

e¨vqvg Ñ 1 : nuvUv

wb‡Pi avc Abyhvqx wkÿK e¨vqvgwU Kiv‡eb|

avc- 1: wkïiv Kuv‡a nvZ ivLvi cwigvY ~iZ¡ †i‡L GKRb Av‡iKR‡bi wcQ‡b †_‡K †Mvj n‡q uvov‡e|

avc- 2: ÔGKÕ ejvi ci †giæ`Ð †mvRv †i‡L kixi mvgvb¨ Szu‡K Av‡ Í Av‡¯Í nuvUv ïiæ Ki‡e|

avc- 3 : Ô`yBÕ ejvi ci wkïiv Av‡Mi †P‡q GKUz †Rv‡i nuvU‡e|

avc- 4: ÔwZbÕ ejvi ci wkïiv cybivq Av‡ Í nuvUv ïiæ Ki‡e|

avc- 5: ÔPviÕ ejvi ci wkïiv †_‡g hv‡e|

cieZx©‡Z wkïiv cÖ‡Z¨KwU e¨vqv‡gi ci G e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|


e¨vqvg- 2: nv‡Zi e¨vqvg- dzjKwj


avc KiYxq wPÎ

1 wkïiv yB ev wZb mvwi‡Z †mvRv n‡q

`vov‡e|

2

ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv yB nvZ gv_vi

Dci AvovAvwofA‡e Zzj‡e Ges

e¨vqv‡gi Rb¨ cÖ ‧wZ wb‡e|

3 ÔKwjÕ ej‡j wkïiv nv‡Zi Av½yj¸‡jv

GKmv‡_ dz‡ji Kwji g‡Zv Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 30

avc KiYxq wPÎ

4

ÔdzjÕ ej‡j Av½yj¸‡jv Ly‡j dz‡ji

g‡Zv Ki‡e| Gfv‡e wZbevi ÔKwjÕ

Ges wZbevi ÔdzjÕ Gi g‡Zv Ki‡e|

5 Ô`yBÕ ej‡j wkïiv nvZ bvwg‡q

†dj‡e|

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvwU wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e |


e¨vqvg- 3: nv‡Zi e¨vqvg- nvZ bvov‡bv


avc KiYxq wPÎ

1 wkïiv yB ev wZb mvwi‡Z †mvRv n‡q

uvov‡e|

2 ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv yB cv‡k nvZ

cÖmvwiZ Ki‡e|

3 Ô`yBÕ ej‡j gv_vi Dc‡i nvZ Zz‡j

Zvwj w`‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 32

avc KiYxq wPÎ

4 ÔwZbÕ ej‡j wkïiv Avevi nvZ

cÖmvwiZ Ki‡e|

5 ÔPviÕ ej‡j wkïiv nvZ wb‡P bvgv‡e|

Gfv‡e wkïiv GK †_‡K Pvi MYbv K‡i e¨vqvgwU wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|


e¨vqvg- 4: nvZ I Nv‡oi e¨vqvg - cu¨vPv


avc KiYxq wPÎ

1 wkïiv †mvRv n‡q yB ev wZb jvB‡b

†mvRv n‡q uvov‡e|

2 ÔGKÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Wvb nvZ w`‡q

evg Kuva †P‡c ai‡e|

3

Ô`yBÕ ejvi mi Kuva aiv Ae¯vq ax‡i

ax‡i evg w`‡Z hZ yi m¤¢e gv_v

Nwi‡q wcQ‡bi w`‡K ZvKv‡e Ges H

Ae v‡b yB/wZb evi k¦vm wb‡e I

†dj‡e|

4 ÔwZbÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ 1 bs wP‡Îi

g‡Zv nvZ †mvRv K‡i uvov‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 34

avc KiYxq wPÎ

5 ÔPviÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ evg nvZ w`‡q

Wvb Kuva †P‡c ai‡e|

6

ÔcuvPÕ ej‡j Av‡Mi g‡Zv Wvb hZ`~i

m¤¢e gv_v Nywi‡q wcQ‡bi w`‡K

ZvKv‡e Ges H Ae v‡b yB/ wZb

evi k¦vm wb‡e I †dj‡e|

7

ÔQqÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ ax‡i ax‡i gv_v

c~‡e©i Ae¯v‡b wdwi‡q Avb‡e Ges

nvZ †Q‡o w`‡e|

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU wZb evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|


e¨vqvg- 5: Nv‡oi e¨vqvg - Nvo bvov‡bv


avc KiYxq wPÎ

1 wkïiv yB ev wZb jvB‡b †Kvg‡i nvZ

†i‡L †mvRv n‡q uvov‡e|

2 ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv gv_v evg w`‡K

euvKv‡e|

3 Ô`yBÕ ej‡j gv_v †mvRv Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 36

avc KiYxq wPÎ

4 ÔwZbÕ ej‡j gv_v Wvb w`‡K euvKv‡e|

5 ÔPviÕ ej‡j gv_v †mvRv Ki‡e|

6 ÔcuvPÕ ej‡j wkïiv gv_v mvg‡bi

w`‡K SzuKv‡e|


avc KiYxq wPÎ

7 ÔQqÕ ej‡j gv_v †mvRv Ki‡e|

8 ÔmvZÕ ej‡j gv_v †cQ‡bi w`‡K

euvKv‡e|

9 ÔAvUÕ ej‡j gv_v †mvRv Ki‡e|


mZK©Zv: Nvo KvZ Kiv ev euvKv‡bvi mgq Lye Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í Ki‡Z n‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 38

e¨vqvg- 6 : †Kvg‡ii e¨vqvg - †Kvgi †`vjv‡bv


avc KiYxq wPÎ

1 wkïiv †Kvg‡i yBnvZ †i‡L yB ev

wZb jvB‡b †mvRv n‡q uvov‡e|

2 ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv †Kvg‡ii Dc‡ii

Ask Wvb w`‡K euvKv Ki‡e|

3 Ô`yBÕ ej‡j †mvRv n‡e|


avc KiYxq wPÎ

4 ÔwZbÕ ej‡j evg w`‡K euvKv Ki‡e|

5 ÔPviÕ ej‡j †mvRv n‡e|

6 Gici wkïiv †Kvgi †_‡K nvZ

bvwg‡q †mvRv n‡q uvov‡q|


wkÿK mnvwqKv 40

e¨vqvg- 7 : nuvUzi e¨vqvg


avc KiYxq wPÎ

1 wkïiv yB ev wZb jvB‡b †mvRv n‡q

uvov‡e|

2

ÔGKÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ mevB Wvb

nv‡Zi Zvjy w`‡q evg nvUz Dc‡i

DwV‡q ¯úk© Ki‡e Ges evg nvZ

kix‡ii evg cv‡k †mvRv K‡i ivL‡e|

3 Ô`yBÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avevi †mvRv

n‡q uvov‡e|


avc KiYxq wPÎ

4

ÔwZbÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ mevB evg

nv‡Zi

Zvjy w`‡q Wvb nvUz Dc‡i DwV‡q ¯úk©

Ki‡e Ges Wvb nvZ kix‡ii Wvb

cv‡k

†mvRv K‡i ivL‡e|

5

ÔPviÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avevi


Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU Kgc‡ÿ Pvi evi Abykxjb Ki‡e|

Gi ÔGKÕ b¤i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 42

e¨vqvg- 8 : nvZ I cv‡qi e¨vqvg- Zvwj evRv‡bv


avc KiYxq wPÎ

1

wkïiv yB ev wZb jvB‡b


2

ÔGKÕ ej‡j wkïiv yB nvZ yBw`‡K

cÖmvwiZ Ki‡e|

3

Ô`yBÕ ej‡j wkïiv Dc‡ii w`‡K jvd

w`‡q yB nvZ Dc‡i Zz‡j Zvwj

evwR‡q

yB cv duvK K‡i uvov‡e|

4

ÔwZbÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avevi cÖ_g

Ae v‡b wd‡i Avm‡e|

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU Pvi evi Ki‡e| Gici ÔGKÕ b¤i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|


e¨vqvg- 9 : nvZ-cv I wc‡Vi e¨vqvg : Wvb-evg „wó


avc KiYxq wPÎ

1

wkïiv yB ev wZb jvB‡b †Kvg‡i nvZ

w`‡q yB cv GKUz †ewk duvK K‡i

uvov‡e|

2

Ôev‡g †Nv‡ivÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ mevB

evg cv‡qi cvZv evg w`‡K Nywi‡q „wó

evgw`‡K †i‡L Ny‡i uvov‡e|

3 ÔGKÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ evg cv‡qi

Dci fi K‡i mvg‡b SzuK‡e|

4

Ô`yBÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ 1bs wP‡Îi

g‡Zv †Kvg‡i nvZ †i‡L yB cv dvK

K‡i uvov‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 44

avc KiYxq wPÎ

5

Gevi ÔWv‡b †Nv‡ivÕ eivi mv‡_ mv‡_

mevB Wvb cv‡qi cvZv Wvb w`‡K

Nywi‡q „wó Wvbw`‡K †i‡L Ny‡i

uvov‡e|

6

ÔGKÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Wvb cv‡qi

Dci fi K‡i mvg‡b SzuK‡e|

7

Ô`yBÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ 1 bs wP‡Îi

g‡Zv †Kvg‡i nvZ †i‡L yB cv dvK

K‡i uvov‡e|

Gfv‡e wkïiv e¨vqvgwU Wv‡b wZb evi I ev‡q wZb evi Ki‡e|

Gici ÔGKÕ b¤i e¨vqvgwU Ki‡e|


e¨vqvg- 10 : nvZ I wc‡Vi e¨vqvg- nvwZ


avc KiYxq wPÎ

1

wkïiv GKRb Av‡iKR‡bi wcQ‡b

Kuv‡a nvZ †i‡L RvqMv †b‡e Ges

†mvRv n‡q yB ev wZb jvB‡b

uvov‡e|

2

ÔGKÕ ejvi ci wkïiv evû gv_vi

mv‡_ jvwM‡q yB nvZ †mvRv Dc‡i

Zz‡j cÖ ‧Z n‡e|

3

Ô`yBÕ ejvi ci wkïiv nvZ cÖmvwiZ

†i‡L mvg‡b SzuK‡e| Zv‡`i „wó me

mgq nv‡Zi w`‡K _vK‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 46

avc KiYxq wPÎ

4

ÔwZbÕ ej‡j nvZ DuPz †i‡L cybivq


5

Pvi ej‡j wkïiv †mvRv n‡q uvov‡e|



m„Rbkxj KvR

(Qov, Mvb, Mí, Awfbq, Pviæ I Kviæ)

Qvo

Mvb

Mí

Awfbq

Pviæ

Kviæ

wkÿK mnvwqKv 48

m„Rbkxj KvR (Qov, Mvb I bP, Mí, Awfbq, Pviæ I Kviæ)

K) Qov

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì Rb¨ 26wU Qov cvV¨m~wP‡Z ivLv‡Z n‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ 24wU evsjv Ges 2wU Bs‡iwR

Qov| wkïiv evrmwiK cvV cwiKíbv Abyhvqx ch©vqµ‡g me¸‡jv Qov PP©v Ki‡e|

wkÿbdj : 3.1.7 : Qov, Mvb, Mí ej‡Z cvi‡e|

5.2.2 : Awfbq I A½fw½i gva¨‡g Qov, KweZv, Mí Dc vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

5.2.5 : ¯vbxq, †jvKR I Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡Zvl Qov I KweZv Ave„w³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY : wkÿK mnvwqKv|

Qov †kLv‡bvi wbqg

• wkï‡ì Qov †kLv‡bvi Av‡M wkÿK cÖwZwU Qov fv‡jvfv‡e wb‡R AvqZ¡ K‡i wb‡eb|

• cÖ_‡g cy‡iv QovwU wkï‡ì mvg‡b ï× DPvi‡Y A½fw½i gva¨‡g AvKl©Yxqfv‡e K‡qKevi Ave„wË

Ki‡eb Ges Lye mnRfv‡e Qov Abymv‡i K_v e‡j cwi‡ek •Zwi Ki‡eb hv‡Z QovwUi cÖwZ wkï‡ì

AvMÖn •Zwi nq|

• AZ:ci QovwUi yB jvBb wkÿK wb‡R my›ìfv‡e Ave„wË Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡ì‡KI Ki‡Z ej‡eb

cÖ_g yB jvBb mevi AvqZ¡ n‡j c‡ii yÕjvBb †kLv‡eb|

• Gfv‡e yB jvBb yB jvBb K‡i cy‡iv QovwU †kLv‡Z n‡e|

• ‡hme wkï Av‡M QovwU AvqZ¡ Ki‡Z cvi‡e Zv‡ì‡K Ab¨ wkï‡ì mvg‡b uvo Kwi‡q Ave„wË Ki‡Z

Drmvn w`‡eb|

• QovwU me wkïi †kLv n‡q hvIqvi ci Zviv nvZZvwj w`‡q, A½fw½ K‡i, †b‡P †b‡P, wewfbœfv‡e

QovwU Ave„wË Ki‡e|

jÿYxq

ewY©Z Qovmg~n QvovI wkÿK ¯vbxqfv‡e msM„nxZ Qov GKB wbq‡g wkï‡ì †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib|

we‡kl ªeóe¨ :

GB Kvh©µ‡gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wkïiv †hb Drmvn I Avb‡›ì gva¨‡g wewfbœ A½fw½ I gRv K‡i Qov

PP©v Ki‡Z cv‡i Zv wbwðZ Kiv|


wbe©vwPZ Qovi ZvwjKv

1. evK evKzg cvqiv

2. Avq Avq Puv` gvgv

3. nvwÆgv wUg wUg

4. †LvKb †LvKb WvK cvwo

5. Avg cvZv †Rvov †Rvov

6. †bvUb †bvUb cvqiv

7. wmsn gvgv wmsn gvgv

8. Bu`yi Qvbvi Qov

9. H †`Lv hvq Zvj MvQ

10. AvZv Mv‡Q †ZvZv cvwL

11. †LvKv Nygv‡jv cvov Ryov‡jv

12. †LvKb †LvKb gqbv

13. †LvKv hv‡e gvQ ai‡Z

14. Avq‡i Avq wU‡q

15. †Mvj K‡ivbv

16. mKv‡j DwVqv Avwg

17. Twinkle Twinkle 18. †fvi n‡jv †`vi †Lv‡jv

19. Iqvb †Mj gvQ ai‡Z

20. ABCDEFG 21. wcucov wcucov KqUv

22. Rvg Rvgiæj K`‡ej

23. bL KvwU Pzj KvwU

24. jvj kvK KPz kvK

25. Kgjvdzwj Kgjvdzwj

26. Po B Wv‡K wKwPi wgwPi

wkÿK mnvwqKv 50

Qov-2

Avq Avq Puv` gvgv

wUc w`‡q hv|

Puv‡ì Kcv‡j Puv`

wUc w`‡q hv|

avb fvb‡j Kzu‡ov †è,

gvQ KvU‡j gy‡ov †è,

Kv‡jv Mv‡qi `ya †è,

`ya Lvevi evwU †è


wUc w`‡q hv|

Qov- 1

evK evKzg cvqiv

gv_vq w`‡q Uvqiv

†e․ mvR‡e KvjwK

Po‡e †mvbvi cvjwK|


Qov-3

nvwÆgv wUg& wUg&

Zviv gv‡V cv‡o wWg

Zv‡`i Lvov `y‡Uv wks

Zviv nvwÆgv wUg& wUg&

Qov-4

†LvKb †LvKb WvK cvwo

†LvKb †gv‡`i Kvi evwo?

Avq‡i †LvKb N‡i Avq,

`ya gvLv fvZ Kv‡K Lvq|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 52

Qov- 5

Avg cvZv †Rvov †Rvov

gvie PveyK Poe †Nvov

I‡i eyey m‡i `uvov

Avm‡Q Avgvi cvMjv †Nvov

cvMjv †Nvov †ÿ‡c‡Q

PveyK Qzu‡o †g‡i‡Q|

Qov-6

†bvUb †bvUb cvqiv¸‡jv

†SvUb †eu‡a‡Q,

Icv‡o‡Z †Q‡j‡g‡q

bvB‡Z †b‡g‡Q

`yB av‡i `yB iæB KvZjv

†f‡m D‡V‡Q!

†K †`‡L‡Q? †K †`‡L‡Q?

`v`v †`‡L‡Q|

`v`vi nv‡Z Kjg wQj

Qzu‡o †g‡i‡Q,

Dnt eÇ †j‡M‡Q|


Qov- 7

wmsngvgv wmsngvgv

KiQ Zzwg wK

GB †`Lbv †Kgb †Zvgvi

Qwe Gu‡KwQ|

Qov- 8

GK `yB wZb

gv‡qi mv‡_ Bu`yi Qvbv bv‡Q Zv wab wab

Pvi cuvP Qq

weovj G‡jv, QzUj mevB †c‡q fxlY fq|

mvZ AvU bq

GKwU Qvov AvU‡K †M‡Q wK nq! wK nq!

AvU bq `k

Bu`yi Qvbv cvwj‡q †M‡Q

weov‡ji Avd‡mvm&! Qov- 9

H †`Lv hvq Zvj MvQ

H Avgv‡`i Muv,

H Lv‡b‡Z evm K‡i

Kvbv ewMi Qv|

I ewM ZzB Lvm& wK?

cvšÍv fvZ Pvm& wK?

cvšÍv Avwg LvB bv

cyuwU gvQ cvB bv,

GKUv hw` cvB

Agwb a‡i Mvcym ¸cym LvB|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 54

Qov- 11

†LvKv Nygv‡jv cvov Ryov‡jv

ewM© G‡jv †`‡k,

eyjeywj‡Z avb †L‡q‡Q

LvRbv †`e wK‡m?

avb dziv‡jv cvb dziv‡jv

LvRbvi Dcvq wK?

Avi KUv w`b meyi K‡iv

imyb ey‡bwQ|

Qov- 10

AvZv Mv‡Q †ZvZv cvwL

Wvwjg Mv‡Q †g․

GZ WvwK Zey †Kb

KIbv K_v eD|

Qov- 12

†LvKb †LvKb gqbv

cwi‡q †`e Mqbv

†LvKb hv‡e k¦ïi evwo

Avi †h †`wi mqbv|


Qov- 13

†LvKv hv‡e gvQ Ki‡Z

ÿxi b`xi K‚‡j,

wQc wb‡q †Mj †Kvjv e¨v‡O

gvQ wb‡q †Mj wP‡j|

Qov- 14

Avq‡i Avq wU‡q

bv‡q fiv w`‡q,

bv wb‡q †Mj †evqvj gv‡Q

ZvBbv †`‡L †fuv`i bv‡P|

I‡i †fuv`i wd‡i Pv

†LvKvi bvPb †`‡L hv|

Qov- 15

†Mvj K‡ivbv †Mvj K‡ivbv

†QvUb Nygvq Lv‡U,

GB N yg‡K wKb‡Z n‡jv

bIqve evwoi nv‡U|

†mvbv bq iƒcv bq

w`jvg †gvwZi gvjv,

ZvB‡Zv †QvUb Nywg‡q Av‡Q

Ni K‡i DRvjv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 56

Qov- 16

mKv‡j DwVqv Avwg g‡b g‡b ewj

mvivw`b Avwg †hb fv‡jv n‡q Pwj

Av‡`k K‡ib hvnv †gvi ¸iæR‡b

Avwg †hb †mB KvR Kwi fv‡jv g‡b|

Qov- 17

Twinkle Twinkle Little Star How I wonder what you are? Up above the world so high Like a diamond in the sky.


Qov- 18

†fvi n‡jv †`vi †Lv‡jv

LyKzgwb DV †i,

H Wv‡K RyuB kv‡L

dzj LywK †QvU‡i|

Lywj nvj Zzwj cvj

H Zix Pjj,

GBevi GB evi

LyKz †PvL Lyjj|

Avj‡m bq †m

D‡V †ivR mKv‡j,

†ivR ZvB Pv`v fvB

wUc †`q Kcv‡j|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 58

Qov- 19

Iqvb †Mj gvQ ai‡Z

Uz †Mj Zvi mv‡_,

w_ª e‡m †b․Kv Pvjvq

•eVv wb‡q nv‡Z|

†dvi coj MvQ †_‡K

dvBf e‡m Kuv‡`,

wm· e‡m i‡KU Pvjvq

cywY©gviB Puv‡`|

†m‡fb R‡j muvZvi Kv‡U

GBP Kv‡U avb,

bvBb e‡m Zejv evRvq

†Ub a‡i‡Q Mvb|

Qov- 20

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Now, I know my ABC Won’t you come And sing with me.

Qov- 21

wcucov wcucov KqUv wWg?

GKUv, `yBUv wZbUv wWg|

wcucov wcucov KqUv QvI?

PviUv, cuvPUv, QqUv QvI,

wcucov wcucov KqUv bvI?

mvZUv, AvUUv, bqUv bvI,

wcucov wcucov KqUv jvD?

GK, k~b¨, `kUv jvD|


Qov- 23

bL KuvwU Pzj QvwU

_vKe †gviv cwicvwU

fv‡jv K‡i `uvZ gvwR

Rvgv Kvco c‡i mvwR

nvZ ay‡q Lvevi LvB

RyZv c‡i ¯‥z‡j hvB|

Qov- 22

Rvg, Rvgiæj, K`‡ej

AvZv, KuvVvj, bvi‡Kj

Zvj, ZigyR, Avgov

KvgivOv, †ej, †cqviv

†c‡c, Wvwjg, RjcvB

eoB w`jvg Avi wK PvB|

Qov- 24

jvj kvK KPzkvK

dzj Kwc LvB,

jvD Avi wmg †L‡q

eo gRv cvB|

wgwó Kzgov LvB

Av‡iv LvB kmv,

UzKUz‡K jvj MvRi

†L‡Z fvwi gRv|

Kijv †Zu‡Zv jv‡M

Zey †L‡Z nq,

U‡g‡Uvi KZ¸Y

Rv‡bv wbðq!

wkÿK mnvwqKv 60

Qov- 25

Kgjvdzwj Kgjvdzwj

Kgjv †jeyi dzj,

Kgjvdzwji we‡q n‡e

Kv‡b gwZi `yj|

Kgjv dzwji we‡q,

†`L‡Z hv‡e djvi Lv‡e

P›`bv Avq wU‡q|

Qov- 26

Po B Wv‡K wKwPi wgwPi

nj‡` cvwLi we‡q

†kqvj gvgv ei †m‡R‡Q

†Uvci gv_vq w`‡q|

gqbv e‡j Mqbv KB?

kvwjK e‡j Avqbv KB?

†cuPv e‡j _vg‡i Gevi

Mvb †kvbv‡e wU‡q|


L) Mvb

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì Rb¨ cvV¨m~wP‡Z 14wU Mvb ivLv n‡q‡Q| Zvi g‡a¨ Qov Mvb, †`kvZ¡‡evaK I AvÂwjK

Mvb i‡q‡Q|

wkLbdj : 3.1.7: Qov, Mvb, Mí ej‡Z cvi‡e|

5.2.4: Q‡›ì Zv‡j Zv‡j ¯vbxq †jvKR I Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡Zvl Mvb MvB‡Z cvi‡e|

5.2.7: vbxq mvaviY ev`¨hš¿ wPb‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: wkÿK mnvwqKv, NyOzi, Zejv, nvigwbqvg, wRcwm Ges ¯vbxq ev`¨hš¿|

Mvb †kLv‡bvi wbqg

• wkï‡ì Mvb †kLv‡bvi Av‡M wkÿK cÖwZwU Mvb wb‡R fv‡jvfv‡e AvqZ¡ K‡i wb‡eb|

• cÖ_‡g cy‡iv MvbwU wkï‡ì mvg‡b MvB‡eb Ges Zvici wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb †h MvbwU Zv‡ì

fv‡jv jvM‡Q wKbv A_ev Zviv MvB‡Z Pvq wKbv|

• wkïiv AvMÖnx n‡j Zv‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb Ges wkÿK MvbwUi cÖ_g Ask wkï‡ì wb‡q

MvB‡eb| GKwU Ask wkïiv fv‡jvfv‡e AvqZ¡ Kivi ci cieZx© Ask MvB‡eb|

• wkï‡ì wb‡q nvZZvwj w`‡q Mvb MvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡Z wkïiv Zv‡j I Q‡›` MvB‡e|

• Gfv‡e cy‡iv MvbwU wkï‡ì wb‡q MvB‡eb|

• cy‡iv MvbwU †kLv n‡j wkï‡ì‡K GKvKx Ges `‡j MvB‡Z Drmvn I mnvqZv w`‡eb|

• Mvb MvIqvi `jxq cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

jÿYxq

mnvwqKvq ewY©Z Mvb Qvov wkÿK vbxqfv‡e msM„nxZ AvÂwjK MvbI GKB wbq‡g wkï‡ì †kLv‡Z

cv‡ib|

we‡kl ªeóe¨ :

GB Kvh©µ‡gi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv wkïiv †hb Drmvn I Avb‡›ì gva¨‡g gRv K‡i Mvb MvB‡Z cv‡i Zv

wbwðZ Kiv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 62

Mv‡bi ZvwjKv

1. So G‡jv G‡jv So

2. gv_v, Kuva, nuvUz, cv‡qi cvZv

3. jvj SzwU KvKvZzqv

4. Avq Avq Puv` gvgv

5. Ggb gRv nq bv

6. Avgv‡`i †`kUv ¯^cœcyix

7. Avgiv mevB ivR

8. Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq

9. †`vj †`vj †`vjwb

10. GKw`b QzwU n‡e

11. †g‡Ni †Kv‡j †iv` †n‡m‡Q

12. GK wQj †Uvbv

13. cÖRvcwZ

14. K G Kjv L G LvB


Mvb- 1

So G‡jv G‡jv So

Avg co Avg co

KuvPv Avg cvKv Avg

UK UK wgwó

GB hv! G‡jv eywS e„wó|

Mvb- 2

gv_v, Kuva, nuvUz cv‡qi cvZv

‡PvL Avi Kvb Avi gyL Avi bvK|

gv_v, Kuva, nuvUz cv‡qi gvZv,

nuvUz cv‡qi cvZv| (2 evi)

†PvL Avi Kvb Avi gyL Avi bvK|

Mvb- 3

jvj SzuwU KvKvZzqv a‡i‡Q †h evqbv

PvB Zvi jvj wd‡Z wPiæwb Avi Avqbv

‡R` eo jvj †c‡q wUqv is kvwo PvB

gb fiv ivM wb‡q n‡jv gyL fvix ZvB

evUv fiv cvb †`e gvb †Kb hvqbv

jvj SzuwU KvKvZzqv a‡i‡Q †h evqbv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 64

Mvb- 4

Avq Avq Puv` gvgv

wUc w`‡q hv,


wUc w`‡q hvq|

avb fvb‡j Kz‡ov †è,

gvQ KvU‡j gy‡ov †è,

Kv‡jv MvB‡qi `ya †è,

`ya Lvevi evwU †è


wUc w`‡q hvq|

Mvb- 5

Ggb gRv nqbv Mv‡q †mvbvi Mqbv

eyey gwbi we‡q n‡e evR‡e KZ evRbv

AvR‡K eyeyi gy‡L nvwm Kvj‡K eyeyi we‡q

ei Avm‡e cvjwK P‡o eKzj Ziv w`‡q

ei Avm‡Z †è bv, eyeyi Kv‡Q †be bv

I eyey †Zvi ei‡K ewjm Avb‡Z Avgvi LvRbv

Ggb gRv nqbv Mv‡q †mvbvi Mqbv|

Mvb- 6

Avgv‡ì †`kUv ¯^cœcyix

mvw_ †gv‡ì dzjcwi

jvjcwi bxjcwi bxjcwi jvjcwi

mvevi mv‡_ fve Kwi

mevi mv‡_ fve Kwi

Avgv‡ì †`kUv ¯^cœcyix

GBLv‡b wg_¨v K_v †KD e‡j bv

GKB Lv‡b Amr c‡_ †KD P‡j bv

†bB †Kvb wg_¨v Acgvb

†QvU eo mevB mgvb

fvjevmv w`‡q Rxeb cwo Rxeb Mwo

Avgv‡ì †`kUv ¯^cœcyix|


Mvb- 7

Avgiv mevB ivRv

Avgiv mevB ivRv

Avgv‡ì GB ivRvi ivR‡Z¡

bB‡i †gv‡ì ivRvi m‡b

wje wK ¯^‡Z¡

Avgiv mevB ivRv.........|

Avgiv hv Lywk ZvB Kwi,

Zey Zvi Lywk‡Z Pwi (2)

Avgiv bB euvav bB

`v‡mi ivRvi Îv‡mi `vm‡Z¡

bB‡j †gv‡ì ivRvi m‡b|

wgje wK m‡Z¡

Avgiv mevB ivRv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 66

Mvb- 8

Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq

Avgiv Ki‡ev Rq GKw`b|

I †nv ey‡Ki Mfx‡i, Avgiv †R‡bwQ †h,


Avgv‡ì ‡bB †bv fq, Avgv‡ì †bB †Kvb fq,

Avgv‡ì †bB †Kvb fq AvR‡K|



Avgiv bB GKv Aviv bB GKv,

Avgiv bB GKv AvR‡K,


Avgiv bB GKv AvR‡K|

kvwšÍi n‡e Rq, kvwšÍi n‡e Rq,

kvwšÍi n‡e Rq GKw`b|


kvwšÍi n‡e Rq wbðq| H


Mvb- 9

†`vj †`vj †`vjwb, ivOv gv_vq wPiæwb,

G‡b †`e nvU †_‡K, gvb Zzwg K‡iv bv|

bZzb bZzb †LuvcvwU, Zz‡j G‡b †`vcvwU,

ivOv wdZvq †eu‡a †`‡ev, gvb Zzwg K‡iv bv\

†P‡q †`L Wvwjg dz‡j, IB R‡g‡Q †g․,

†e․ K_v KI, WvK‡Q cvwL Kqbv K_v †e․|

SzgSzwg gj cv‡q‡Z Mqbv †mvbvi Mv‡q‡Z,

AviI †`e bv‡Ki †bvjK gvb Zzwg K‡iv bv\

Mvb- 10

GKw`b QzwU n‡e, A‡bK `~‡i hve,

bxj AvKv‡k meyR Nv‡m Lywk‡Z

nviv‡ev||

†hLv‡b _vK‡e bv †Kvb kvmb,

_vK‡e bv wbq‡gi †Kvb euvab, I I I|

cvwL n‡q Do‡ev, dzj n‡q dzU‡ev

cvZvq cvZvq wkwki n‡q nvwm Qov‡ev|

GKw`b QzwU.................

wkÿK mnvwqKv 68

Mvb- 11

†g‡Ni †Kv‡j †iv` †n‡m‡Q

ev`j †M‡Q UzwU, Av nv nv nv nv

AvR Avgv‡ì QzwU I fvB

AvR Avgv‡ì QzwU, Av nv nv nv nv

wK Kwi AvR †f‡e bv cvB,

c_ nvwi‡q †Kvb e‡b hvB,

†Kvb gv‡V †h Qz‡U †eovB

mKj †Q‡j RywU, Av nv nv nv nv|

†g‡Ni †Kv‡j--------

†Kqv cvZvi †b․Kv M‡o

mvwR‡q †è dz‡j

Zvj w`wN‡Z fvwm‡q †è

Pj‡e y‡i y‡j|

ivLvj †Q‡ji m‡½ †aby

Pove AvR evwR‡q †eYy

gvLe Mv‡q dz‡ji †iYy

Puvcv e‡b jywU, Av nv nv nv nv

†g‡Ni †Kv‡j--------

Av nv nv nv nv|

Mvb- 12

GK wQj †Uvbv Avi GK wQj Uzwb

†Uvbv e‡j I‡i Uzwb wcVv Ki (2 evi)

†Uvbv Uzwb‡K e‡j, Pvj Avb, Wvj Avb

Z‡e †Zv wcVv


†Uvbv e‡j I‡i Uzwb wcVv Ki

†Uvbv evRv‡i †Mj, Pvj Avcwbj Wvj

Avwbj

†Uvbv Uzwb‡K w`j

Uzwb wcVv evbvj

†Uvbv‡K †L‡Z w`j

(Ggb mgq) yóz †Q‡jiv me wXj Qzwoj


†Uvbv e‡j I‡i Uzwb wcVv Ki|


Mvb- 13

cÖRvcwZ cÖRvcwZ

†Kv_vq †c‡j fvB, Ggb iwOb cvLv

UzKUz‡K jvj bxj wSwjwgwj AuvKve7vKv


Zzwg UzjUz‡j ebdz‡j gay `vI

IB cvLv `vI †mvbvwj iƒcvwi civM gvLv

†Kv_vq †c‡j fvB..........|

†gvi gb †h‡Z Pvq bv cvVkvjv‡Z

cÖRvcwZ! Zzwg wb‡q hvI mvw_ K‡i,

†Zvgvi mv‡_ cÖRvwZ!

Zzwg nvIqvq †b‡P †b‡P hvI

Avi †Zvgvi g‡Zv K‡i Avb›` `vI

GB Rvgv fv‡jv jv‡M bv

`vI Rvgv Qwe AuvKv


cÖRcwZ cÖRvcwZ

†Kv_vq †c‡j fvB, Ggb iwOb cvLv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 70

Mvb- 14

K G Kjv L G LvB

GZ †ewk †L‡Z bvB

M G Miæ N G Nvm

KZ Mvm †L‡Z Pvm?

O e‡j †Kvjv e¨vO

K L M N O

P G †PvL Q G Qj

†PvL y‡Uv QjQj

R G Rj S G wSj

KZ Rj wSjwgj

T e‡j wgTv fvB

fq bvB fq bvB

P Q R S T

U G Uzwc V G wUK

†n‡i †M‡j wV wVK

W †Wvj X G †Xvj

Xv‡K †Xv‡j †kvi‡Mvj

Zvjy Avi wR‡f wg‡j g~a©Y¨ Y

U V W X Y

Z G Zzwg _ G _vwg

_vg‡ev bv Zzwg Avwg

` G uvZ a G avi

Kvi uv‡Z KZ avi

`uv‡Z Avi wR‡f wg‡j n‡jv `šÍ¨ b

Z _ a b

c G cvKv d G dj

ivRv †Mj imvZj

e G †evb f G fvB

KZ †evb KZ fvB

g G gvwU g G gv

gvwU Avgvi gv

c d e f g

h G hv‡e i G i_

i_ hv‡e Qv‡ov c_

j G jvj e G evwZ

R¡j‡Q †i jvj evwZ

Zvje¨ k G e‡j

†ewk †ewk †Kb wb‡j

h i j e k

Zvjy Avi wR‡f wg‡j g~a©Y¨ l

`uv‡Z Avi wR‡f wg‡j nq `šÍ¨ m

l G luvo G G mvc

cvjv mvc I‡i evc

n G nvwZ o G eo

nvwZ †`L KZ eo

X G †dvUv w`‡j p

gay eo Mvp

r G Kz‡cvKvr dU

K‡i evwRgvZ

s t u


M) Mí

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkïi Rb¨ †gvU 23wU Mí wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨ 13wU Mí GB wkÿK mnvwqKvq †`qv

n‡q‡Q| evKx 10wU M‡íi cÖwZwUi Rb¨ GKwU K‡i †gvU 10wU M‡íi eB cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| Mí¸‡jvi ZvwjKv

cieZx© c„ôvq †Ìqv n‡jv|

wkLbbdj: 3.1.3: †QvU †QvU Mí ï‡bi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i ej‡Z cvi‡e|

3.1.12: Am¤ú~Y© Mí wb‡R m¤ú~Y© K‡i ej‡Z cvi‡e|

5.2.1 : `‡j avivevwnK Mí •Zwi Ki‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY : wkÿK mnvwqKv, M‡íi eB|

Mí ejvi wbqg

wkÿv_x©‡ì Mí ejvi mgq wkK &lK wb‡Pi wbqg¸‡jvi AbymiY Ki‡eb-

• Mí ejvi mgq wkï‡ì wb‡q KvQvKvwQ †Mvj n‡q em‡eb Ges M‡íi cwi‡ek/Avmi •Zwi Ki‡eb

hv‡Z Mí ïb‡Z mevB AvMÖnx nq|

• Mí ejvi mgq wkÿK GKUy DuPz RvqMvq em‡eb ev eBwU GKUz DuPz K‡i ai‡eb hv‡Z me wkï eBwU

†`L‡Z cv‡i|

• wkÿK Mí ejvi c~‡e© MíwU fv‡jv K‡i c‡o I ey‡S wb‡eb| Zvici †jLvi wb‡P Av½y‡j w`‡q MíwU

ïiæ †_‡K †kl ch©šÍ c‡o †kvbv‡eb| (wkÿK mnvwqKvi Mí¸‡jvi †ÿ‡Î †jLvi wb‡Pi Av½yj †èvi

cÖ‡qvRb †bB|)

• M‡íi evB‡qi †ÿ‡Î cÖwZwU MíB Qwe a‡i a‡i wkïiv wK †`L‡Q, wK eyS‡Z cvi‡Q Zvi wfwË ej‡eb|

• Mí ejvi mgq M‡íi ev‡e mv‡_ wgj †i‡L Mjvi ¯‡ii DVvbvgv, gy‡Li I †Pv‡Li Awfe¨w³ I

A½fw½ Ki‡eb|

• Mí ejvi mgq wkïiv MíwU KZUzKz eyS‡Z †c‡i‡Q Zv †QvU †QvU cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wb‡eb| bv ey‡S

_vK‡j H tAskwU‡K cybivq ej‡eb|

• Mí ejvi mgq DcKiY (Qwe/cv‡cU/cyZzj/gy‡Lvm BZ¨vw`) eënvi K‡i M‡íi welqe ‧ dzwU‡q †Zvjvi

†Póv Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì Mí¸‡jv Zv‡ì wb‡Ri fvlvh ej‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• AvqZ¡K…Z GKwU Mí‡K wkï‡ì‡K w`‡q Awfbq Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• M‡íi eY©bvK…Z PwiÎ¸‡jv wkï‡ì w`‡q Awfbq Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| Mí¸‡jvi wkï‡ì fv‡jvfv‡e

AvqZ¡ Kiv n‡j `jxqfv‡e Zv‡ì w`‡q Awfbq Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

wkÿK mnvwqKvi Mí¸‡jv wkÿK wb‡R AvqZ¡ K‡i wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Dc¯vcb Ki‡j

wkïiv †ewg Avb›` cv‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 72

M‡íi ZvwjKv

wkÿK mnvwqKvi Mí

1. KQc I Li‡Mvk

2. †kqvj I KvK

3. c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv

4. cvZv I gvwUi †Xjv

5. wbSzg e‡b Mv‡bi Avmi

6. †QvÆ †Q‡j †ejvi

7. †QvU jvj gyiwMwU

8. AvRe RyZv

9. ÿz‡` dwos dziær

10. wZbwU ÿzavZ© QvMj

11. ev yo

12. Rv¤^y bv‡gi GKwU nvwZ

13. Avjy †Luv‡R

M‡íi eB

14. Acyi weovj

15. wU Us Gi KvÐ

16. †Kv_vq Avgvi gv

17. jvj †cvKvi Mí

18. Lywk GKw`b Kzmygcy‡i

19. †eov‡bvi GKw`b

20. dzj †dvUvi Avb›`

21. gRvi gvgv

22. PvPv evRv‡i hvb

23 eM©ivRv I wÎfzRivwb


Mí- 1 : K”Qc I Li‡Mvk

GK wQj eb| †mB e‡b wQj A‡bK cï cvwL| evN, nwiY, fvjyK, Li‡Mvk, KQc......Avi wQj KvK| GKw`b

H e‡b †`․o †Ljvi Av‡qvRb n‡jv| Z‡e †m †Ljvq mevB †Ljj bv| ïay KQc I Li‡Mvk ivRx n‡jv|

Li‡Mvk I KQc yÕRb B †`․o †`Iqvi Rb¨ cy ‧Z n‡jv| Gw`‡K fvjyK I •Zwi wQj| fvjyK wc Í‡j Vvm& K‡i

¸wj Qzuo‡ZB ïiæ n‡jv †`․o|

Li‡Mvk Lye ev‡jv †`․ov‡Z cv‡i wKš‧ KQc Lye Av‡ Í Av‡ Í †`․ovq| ZvB Li‡Mvk KQc‡K GK`g cvËv w`j

bv| Li‡Mvk Lye Aí mg‡q A‡bK ~i P‡j †Mj| †m wcQ‡b ZvwK‡q †`Lj; KQcwU Zvi †_‡K A‡bK wcQ‡b|

†m Av‡iv wKQzÿY †`․ovj|

Li‡Mvk †`․ov‡Z †`․ov‡Z GK mgq wcQ‡b wd‡i †`Lj, KQc‡K G‡Kev‡iB †`Lv hvq bv| Li‡Mvk fvej,

KQc †Zv A‡bK ~‡i, GB duv‡K Avwg GKUz wRwi‡q †bB| †m GKwU Mv‡Qi wb‡P e‡m wekÖvg wb‡Z jvMj|

GKmgq Li‡Mvk Nywg‡q coj| Gw`‡K KQc †`․ov‡Z †`․ov‡Z Li‡Mv‡ki Kv‡Q P‡j G‡m‡Q| Li‡Mvk wKQzB

eyS‡Z cvij bv| †m ZL‡bv Ny‡gv‡Q|

KQc Li‡Mvk‡K AwZµg K‡i A‡bK ~i †Pj †Mj| KQc fve‡Q P‚ovšÍ RvqMvh bv hvIqv c©šÍ Zvi wekÖvg

†bB| KQc Rv‡b, †m Ggwb‡ZB Lye †Rv‡o †`․ov‡Z cv‡i bv, Zvici hw` Ae‡njv K‡i Z‡e †`․‡o wRZ‡Z

cvi‡e bv| ZvB K&Pc ïay †`․‡oB P‡j‡Q| Gw`‡K Li‡Mvk ïay Ny‡gv‡Q Avi Ny‡gv‡Q|

A‡bKÿY ci Li‡Mvk Nyg †_‡K DVj| wcQ‡b †`Lj KQc‡K ZL‡bv †`Lv hv‡Q bv| Mv‡Q wQj GK KvK|

Li‡Mvk Kv‡Ki mv‡_ Mí Kiv ïiæ Kij| KvK ejj Li‡Mvk fvB, Zzwg †Kgb AvQ? Li‡Mvk ejj Lye fv‡jv|

Li‡Mvk Zvi fv‡jv _vKvi KviYwU ejj| †m †`․‡oi NUbvwU KvK‡K ejj| †k‡l ejj, KQc GL‡bv

KZ ~‡i, ZvB †Zvgvi mv‡_ GKUz Mí K‡i wbwQ| GK_v ï‡bB KvK ejj, Zzwg KZ †evKv! Zzwg hLb Nywg‡q

wQ‡j †`Ljvg GKUv KQc †Zvgvi cvk w`‡q P‡j †M‡Q| GK_v ï‡b Li‡Mvk Pg‡K DVj! †m mvg‡bi w`‡K

ZvwK‡q †`Lj, KQc A‡bK ~‡i P‡j †M‡Q|

Li‡Mvk †Rv‡o †`․ov‡Z Avmj| wKš‧ ZZÿ‡Y KQc MšÍe¨ ¯v‡b †cu․‡Q †M‡Q| KQc †Ljvq wR‡Z †Mj|

Zvici ïiæ n‡jv cyiæ¯‥vi weZiYx mfv| mfvq A‡bK cïcvwL G‡jv: gqbv, wUqv, †`v‡qj, KQc, Li‡Mvk,

†kqvj, nwiY, evN, fvjyK, wmsn, KvK, gq~i I AviI A‡b‡K| gq~i KQ‡ci Mjvq †g‡Wj Szwj‡q w`j| mevB

KQ‡ci D‡Ï‡k¨ nvZZvwj w`j| Avi KQ‡ci cyi¯‥vi †bIhv †`‡L †ePviv Li‡Mvk g‡b Lye Kó †cj| †m

g‡b g‡b fvej, Avi KL‡bv †Kvb Kv‡R Ae‡njv Ki‡e bv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 74

Mí- 2 : †kqvj I KvK

GK KvK †`vKvb †_‡K GKUzKiv gvsm †Quv †g‡i wb‡q D‡U G‡m GKUv Mv‡Q Wv‡j emj| A‡bKw`b †m gvsm

Lvq bv| ZvB gvsm †c‡q g‡b g‡b A‡bK Lywk n‡jv| †m Kxfv‡e gRv K‡i GB gvsmUv Lv‡e ZvB fvewQj|

Ggb mgq GKUv †kqvj Mv‡Qi wb‡P w`‡q hvwQj| nVvr Dc‡ii w`‡K ZvKv‡ZB Zvi †PvL coj Kv‡K gy‡L

_vKv gvs‡mi Dci| gvsm †`‡L Zvi wR‡f cvwb P‡j Avmj| †m wPšÍv Ki‡Z jvMj Kxfv‡e G gvsmUv LvIqv

hvq|

nVvr †kqv‡ji gv_vq GKUv eyw× G‡jv| †m KvK‡K ejj, KvK fvB, Zzwg KZ my›`i! Kx my›`i wgPwg‡P Kv‡jv

is †Zvgvi| †Zvgvi Mjvi AvIqvRI Lye wgwó| KZw`b a‡i †Zvgvi wgwó Mjvi †Kv‡bv Mvb ïwb bv|

KvK †kqv‡ji cÖksmv ï‡b Lye Lywk n‡jv| Avevi †kqvj KvK‡K ejj, †Zvgvi gayi K‡Éi GKUv Mvb Avgvq

†kvbvI bv fvB?

KvK †kqv‡ji K_vh GZUvB Lywk n‡jv †h Mjv †Q‡o Kv-Kv ¯‡i MvB‡Z ïiæ Kij| Avi Kv-Kv K‡i WvK‡ZB

Kv‡Ki gyL †_‡K gvsmUv Szc K‡i M‡j †Mj wb‡P|

†kqvj †Zv wb‡P •ZwiB wQj| Lc K‡i gvsm wb‡q gy‡L cy‡i

g‡bi Avb‡›` †L‡Z †L‡Z P‡j †Mj| KvK Gevi Zvi fzj

eyS‡Z cvij| wKš‧ ZZÿ‡Y †kqvj gvsm wb‡q P‡j †M‡Q

A‡bK ~‡i|


Mí- 3 : c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv

†QvÆ †g‡q Uzwb| mvivw`b Lywkg‡bi †L‡j †eovq| GKw`b Uzwb ejj, Avwg c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv evbv‡ev|

wKš‧ GKv †Zv GZ eo wcVv evbv‡Z cvi‡ev bv| †m wVK Kij MÖv‡gi mevB‡K wb‡q c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv

evbv‡e|

Uzwb MÖv‡gi mevB‡K ejj, Avgiv wg‡j c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv evbv‡ev| Uzwbi K_vq MÖv‡gi mevB Lye Lywk

n‡jv|

GK †VjvMvwo fwZ© yBRb Pv‡ji uov wb‡q G‡jv| ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi m‡e‡P‡q eo wcVv evbv‡ev|

K‡qKRb SuvKvq ¸o Avb‡jv| ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi me‡P‡h eo wcVv evbv‡ev|

A‡b‡K wg‡j A‡bK¸‡jv bvwi‡Kj Avb‡jv| ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi me‡P‡h eo wcVv evbv‡ev|

GKRb we-iv-U GK nuvwo‡Z Pv‡ji uov gvLv‡jv| ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi me‡P‡h eo wcVv evbv‡ev|

wcVv evbv‡bv n‡q †Mj| wcVvi myNªv‡Y Pviw`K †g․ †g․ Ki‡Z jvMj| Lei †c‡q Pvicv‡ki MÖvg †_‡K A‡bK

†jvK Avm‡jv| mevB GZ eo wcVv †`‡L Lye AevK n‡jv| GZ eo wcVv! ejj, Avgiv c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo

wcVv gRv K‡i Lv‡ev|

ZLb yBRb weivU GK KivZ Avb‡jv| †KD ejj-`viæY! †KD ejj-Kx gRvi wcVv! †KD ejj- gb f‡i †Mj

†Mv! †KD ejj-Avn!

Gfv‡e Uzwb mevB‡K wb‡q c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo wcVv evbv‡jv Avi mevB wg‡j gRv K‡i †Lj| mevB wg‡j

GKmv‡_ KvR Ki‡j KwVb KvRI mnR n‡q hvq| Avi Kv‡R A‡bK gRvI cvIqv hvq|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 76

Mí- 4 : cvZv I gvwUi †Xjv

iv¯Ívi av‡i GKUv Mv‡Q meyR cvZv wQj| cvZv¸‡jv evZvm G‡j Lye gRv †c‡Zv, Avi †n‡j y‡j †Ljv KiZ|

GKw`b nVvr Lye †Rv‡i evZvm G‡jv| †Lj‡Z †Lj‡Z GUv cvZv Uzc K‡i wQu‡o wb‡P c‡o †Mj| evZvm Lye

†Rv‡i eBwQj ZvB cvZvUv †Kvbfv‡eB Mv‡Qi wb‡P _vK‡Z cviwQj bv| †m g‡b g‡b fvej, AvR evZvm

Avgv‡K Dwo‡qB wb‡q hv‡e|

Mv‡Qi wb‡Pi c‡o wQj GKUv gvwUi †Xjv| †m cvZvi g‡bi K_v eyS‡Z cvij| †m ax‡i ax‡i cvZvi Kv‡Q

G‡m ejj, ÒZzwg fq †c‡qv bv| evZvm †Zvgv‡K Dwo‡q wb‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avwg †Zvgvi Dci e‡m †Zvgvq a‡i

ivL‡ev|Ó

gvwUi †Xjvi K_vq cvZvi fq wKQzUv ~i n‡jv| gvwUi †Xjv cvZvi Dci emj ZvB evZvm Avi cvZv‡K Dwo‡q

wb‡Z cvij bv|

GKUz c‡iB †Xjvi g‡bi K_v eyS‡Z cvij| †m gvwUi †Xjv‡K ejj, ÒZzwg GKUzI wPšÍv K‡iv bv| e„wó †Zvgvi

wKQzB Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| Avwg †Zvgv‡K †X‡K ivLe|Ó

Agwb cvZv wM‡q gvwUi †Xjv‡K e„wó †_‡K Avovj K‡i ivLj| e„wó gvwUi †Xjv‡K Mjv‡Z cvij bv|

Gevi gvwUi †Xjv cvZv‡K ejj AvR †_‡K Avgiv eÜz| Avgiv GKRb Ab¨Rb‡K mvnvh¨ K‡iwQ e‡jB AvR

Avgiv yÕR‡bB †eu‡P AvwQ| GLb †_‡K Avgiv memgq G‡K Aci‡K mvnvh¨ Kie|

cvZv gvwUi †Xjvi K_v ï‡b Lye Lywk n‡jv| †mB †_‡K Zviv yÕRb eÜz Ges memg‡q G‡K Ab¨‡K mvnvh¨

K‡i|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 78

weovj Qvbv mvnm wb‡h GwM‡q G‡m gyiwM‡K ejj,

ÒgyiwM Avcy Zzwg GKUz WvK `vI †Zv!Ó

gyiwM WvK‡jv- KK&, KK&, KK&, KK&

weovj WvKj- wgD wgD

Avevi gyiwM WvKj- KK&, KK&, KK&, KK&

weov WvKj- wgD...

gyiwM- KK&, KK&, KK&, KK&

Miæ-nvgev.......


weovj- wgD


†kqvj-û°v ûqv


†KvwKj-Kzû,

e‡bi mevB AevK n‡q †`Lj weovj Qvbv mevB‡K wb‡q my›`i Mvb evwb‡q †d‡j‡Q| weovj Qvbvi eyw×‡Z mevB

Lye Lywk n‡jv| Zviv mK‡jB weovj Qvbvi m‡½ Mvb MvB‡Z PvBj| †m Kx RgRgvU †Kvivm Mvb!

weovj Qvbv wkwL‡q †`evi ci mevB †b‡P †b‡P Mvb MvB‡Z jvM‡jv|

nuvm- c uvK, c uvK, c uvK c uvK

e¨vO- NvOi N¨vO.......


QvMj- gu¨v.....


†Nvov- wPwn.....


†fov- f¨v......

nVvr CMj cvwL Wvbv SvcUv‡Z SvcUv‡Z †mLv‡b G‡m nvwRi n‡jv, ejj- ÒevNgvgv, evNgvgv, wmsnivRvi

mw © †j‡M R¡i n‡q‡Q| wmsnivR Avm‡eb bv|Ó CMj cvwLi K_v ï‡b evNgvgvmn mevi gb Lvivc n‡jv| evN

gvgv D`vm n‡q Mv‡Qi wb‡P e‡m iBj| nVv mevB wg‡j nvZ aivawb K‡i evNgvgv‡K wN‡i †b‡P †b‡P Mvb

MvB‡Z ïiæ Ki‡jv| mv‡_ mv‡_ evNgvgvi gb fv‡jv n‡q †Mj| evNgvgv nvjyg nvjyg e‡j Zv‡j Zv‡j †b‡P

Mv‡b †hvM w`j|

†mB †_‡K evNgvgv Mvb Lye fv‡jvev‡m|

AvB B wW eª¨vK wek¦we`¨vjq KZ©„K cÖKvwkZ BKevj †nv‡m‡bi Mí Aej¤^‡b

wkÿK mnvwqKv 80

Mí- 7 : †QvU jvj gyiwMwU

GKw`b GK †QvÆ jvj gyiwM gv‡Vi ga¨ w`‡q nuvUwQj| nVvr †m gv‡Vi g‡a¨ wKQz M‡gi `vbv †`L‡Z †cj|

Mv‡gi `vbv¸‡iv Kzwo‡q wb‡q †m eyb‡Z iIqvbv n‡jv| c‡_ KzKz‡ii m‡½ †`Lv| †m KzKzi‡K ejj; Zzwg wK Mg

eyb‡Z Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e?

KzKzi ejj, bv, Avgvi mgq †bB|

jvj gyiwM M‡gi `vbv wb‡q GwM‡q Pjj| Gevi Zvi †eov‡ji m‡½ †`Lv n‡jv| †m †eovj‡K ejj, Zzwg wK

Mg Mg eyb‡Z Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e?

†eovj ejj, bv...bv...Avwg e¨ Í|

Zvici Zv ¸iæ m‡½ †`Lv| Miæ‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡ZB Miæ ejj

Avgvi A‡bK KvR, Avwg mvnvh¨ Ki‡Z cvie bv|

†QvU jvj gyiwMwU ZLb wb‡RB Mg eybj|

Kw`b ci †L‡Z A‡bK Mg n‡jv| GeviI jvj gyiwM KzKzi,

weovj I Miæ‡K ejj, †Zvgiv wK Avgv‡K †LZ †_‡K Mg †K‡U Avb‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e?

KzKzi ejj, bv| †eovj ejj, bv| MiæI ejj, bv|

ZLb jvj gyiwM wb‡RB †L‡Z wM‡q †mB Mg KvUj|

Gevi Mg wc‡l AvUv evbv‡bvi cvjv| jvj gyiwM Avev‡i KzKzi, weovj Ges Miæ‡K wR‡Ám Kij; †Zvgiv wK

Avgv‡K M‡gi `vbv wc‡l AvUv evbv‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e?

KzKzi ejj, bv...bv...Avgvi A‡bK KvR| †eovj ejj, bv...bv....Avwg evRv‡i hvwQ| Miæ ejj, Avwg gv‡V

hvwQ, Avgvi GK`g mgq †bB|

†QvU jvj gyiwM GKv GKvB AvUv •Zwi Kij|

iæwU evbv‡bvi mgqI †QvU jvj gyiwM Zv‡`i mnvqZv PvBj,

KzKzi ejj, bv| weovj ejj, bv| MiæI ejj, bv| jvj gyiwM iæwU evbv‡jv wb‡R wb‡RB|

†QvU jvj gyiwM me‡k‡l KzKzi, †eovj I Miæ‡K wR‡Ám Kjj, †Zvgiv wK iæwU †L‡Z Avgv‡K mvnvh¨ Ki‡e?

Gevi m‡½ m‡½B KzKzi ejj, nu¨v....wbðqB! †eovj ejj, nu¨v nu¨v wbðqB mvnvh¨ Kie| Miæ ejj, nu¨v nu¨v

AvwgI Kie|

ZLb †QvU jvj gyiwMwU ejj, bv, Zv n‡Q bv| †Zvgiv Kv‡Ri mgq †KD Avmwb| ZvB Gevi Avwg Avgvi wZb

Qvbv‡K wb‡q gRv K‡i iæwU Lve|

Gici jvj gyiwMwU Zvi wZb Qvbv‡K wb‡q iæwU †L‡Z emj|

wW wc B I BDwb‡md KZ©„K cÖKvwkZ ¯‥z‡j fwZ©i cÖ¯‧wZ; wkï †_‡K wkïi †kLv Kg©m~Pxi Mí Aej¤^‡b

wkÿK mnvwqKv 82

Mí Ñ 9 : ÿz‡` dwos dziær

ÿz‡` dwos dziær †L‡Z Lye fv‡jvev‡m| eo GKUv evMv‡bi Mv‡Q †m _vKZ Zvi gv‡qi mv‡_| †m bvbv ai‡Yi

dzj, dj, cvZv, wkg, Kjv BZ¨vw` †L‡Z PvBZ| wKš‧ Zvi gv Zv‡K ïay KwP WvjcvjvB LvIqv‡Zv| mKv‡j

†L‡Z w`Z KwP Wvjcvjv, ycy‡iI KwP Wvj cvjv Avevi iv‡ZI †mB GKB KwP Wvjcvjv|

ZvB GK †mvgev‡i dziær PzwcPzwc evMv‡b wM‡q GKUv Kjv †L‡q †dj|

g½jev‡i dziær Avevi evMv‡b †Mj| Gevi †m †L‡jv yBUv Kv‡jvRvg|

eyaevi PzwcPzwc evMv‡b wM‡q †m †L‡jv wZbwU njy` dzj| e„n¯úwZev‡i evMv‡b GKv GKv wM‡q †m †L‡jv PviwU

imv‡jv cvZv|

ïµeviI †m ev` w`j bv| Gevi †L‡jv cuvPwU meyR mxg| G‡Z wK dziær Gi †cU fij? bv, fij bv!

kwbevi †m Pzwc Pzwc gv‡V wM‡q GKmv‡_ †L‡jv GKwU Kjv, y‡Uv Rvc, wZb‡U njy` dzj, PviwU imv‡jv cvZv

Ges cuvPwU meyR mxg!

GZwKQz †L‡q Zvi †cU dz‡j n‡q †M‡jv †Xvj!

dziær Avi Do‡Z cvij bv| Mv‡Qi wb‡P e‡m coj Ges Kuv`‡Z jvMj|

gv dziær‡K Kuv`‡Z †`‡L GwM‡q G‡jv| gv ZvovZvwo dziær‡K cvwb LvIqv‡jv Ges Nywg‡q bv cov ch©šÍ ey‡K

Rwo‡q a‡i ivLj|

†iveevi dziær A‡bKUv my¯‡eva Kij|

Gici †_‡K diær ïay gv‡qi †`Iqv KwP WvjcvjvB Lvq|

wW wc B I BDwb‡md KZ©„K cÖKvwkZ ¯‥z‡j fwZ©i cÖ ‧wZ: wkï †_‡K wkïi †kLv Kg©m~Pxi Mí Aej¤‡b


Mí Ñ 10 : wZbwU ÿzavZ© QvMj

GK b`xi av‡i wZbwU QvMj evm KiZ| eo QvMj, gvSvwi QvMj Avi †QvU QvMj| Zviv b`xi †h cv‡k evm

KiZ †mLv‡b †Kvb Nvm wQj bv| ZvB Zviv me mgq ÿzavZ© _vKZ| b`xi Ab¨ cv‡k wQj A‡bK meyR Nvm|

Avi b`xi Dci GKwU muv‡KvI wQj| wKš‧ ZeyI ÿzavZ© QvMjiv muv‡Kv w`‡q †cwi‡q Icv‡i wM‡q Nvm †L‡Z

cviZ bv| †Kb Rvb!

KviY muv‡Kvi wb‡P evm KiZ GK fqvbK ivÿm| GKw`b †QvU QvMj g‡b g‡b wVK Kij †m muv‡Kv cvi n‡q

Icv‡i wM‡q Nvm Lv‡e| †hB fvev †mB KvR| †m cv wU‡c wU‡c muv‡Kv cvi n‡Z jvMj| Ggb mgq fqvbK

ivÿmwU †PuwP‡q e‡j DVj, ÒPzwcPzwc Avgvi muv‡Kvi Dci w`‡q †K hvq †i? Avwg †Zv‡K GÿzwY †L‡q †dje!Ó

†QvU QvMjwU fq †c‡jI eyw× K‡i ejj, Ò`qv K‡i Avgv‡K †L‡qv bv| GLbB Avgvi †g‡Sv fvB Avm‡e, †m

A‡bK bv ymby ym|Ó

ÒwVK Av‡Q, ZzB †h‡Z cvwimÓ e‡j ivÿm †QvU QvMjwU‡K †Q‡o w`j| †m b`x †cwi‡q Icv‡i wM‡q g‡bi my‡L

Nvm †L‡Z jvMj|

Gici gvSvwi QvMj cv wU‡c wU‡c muv‡Kv cvi n‡Z †Mj, GeviI ivÿm fzm K‡i cvwbi wbP †_‡K †ewi‡q

wPrKvi K‡i ejj, ÒPzwcPzwc Avgvi muv‡Kvi Dci w`‡q †K hvq †i? uvov AvmwQ Avwg| AvR †Zv‡K LveB|Ó

gvSvwi QvMj fq †c‡q Kuvc‡Z Kuvc‡Z ejj, †`vnvB †Zvgvi, Avgv‡K †L‡qv bv| wcQ‡b Avgvi eo fvB

Avm‡Q| I A‡bK eo Ges †gvUv‡mvUv|

ivÿm ï‡b wKQzÿY wPšÍv K‡i ejj, ÒwVK Av‡Q, Zvn‡j ZzB hvÓ gvSvwi QvMjwUI †QvU QvM‡ji m‡½ wM‡q

g‡bi my‡L Nvm †L‡Z jvMj|

Gevi eo QvMj cv wU‡c wU‡c muv‡Kv cvi n‡Z †Mj| †Ui †c‡q ivÿm cvwb †_‡K jvd w`‡q muv‡Kvi Dci eo

QvM‡ji mvg‡b uvovj|

ÒZzBI PzwcPzwc P‡j hvwQm? wKš‧ †Zv‡K †Zv Avwg Lve|Ó

eo QvMj †i‡M w`‡q ejj, wK? Avgv‡K Lvwe? Z‡e †i.... Avq Zvn‡j.... ÒAvq Zvn‡j....Ó eo QvMj GKUz

~‡i wM‡q † u․‡o G‡m Zvi wks w`‡q ivÿ‡mi †c‡U w`‡jv GK u‡Zv| wks Gi u‡Zv †L‡q Scvm K‡i ivÿmwU

b`x‡Z c‡o †Mj| c‡i †mB †h cvwj‡q †Mj ivÿmwU, Zv‡K Avi †Kvb w`b †`Lv hvqwb| Gici †_‡K eo

QvMj, gvSvwi QvMj Avi †QvU QvMj cÖwZw`b muv‡K †cwo‡q b`xi Icv‡i wM‡q Nvm †L‡Zv|

Zviv Avi KL‡bv ÿzavZ© _v‡Kwb|


wkÿK mnvwqKv 84

Mí Ñ 11 : ev yo

GK R½‡j cïcvwLiv me g‡bi my‡L emevm KiwQj| Zv‡ì mevi g‡a¨ wQj Lye wgj| Zviv GK m‡½ †LjZ

gRv KiZ| cvwLiv me D‡o D‡o A‡bK ~‡i wM‡q Lvevi AvbZ Avi cïiv R½j †_‡K wbZ A‡bK gRvi

gRvi Lvevi| Zvici mevB wg‡jwg‡k fvM K‡i †LZ| Zv‡ì GB wg‡jwg‡k _vKvUv †ewkw`b wUKj bv|

GKw`b GK evbi gyL †fs‡P GK KvV †VvKiv‡K fq †`wL‡qwQj| KvV‡VvKiv ZvB †i‡M wM‡q Zvi j¤v †VuvU

w`‡q evb‡ii gv_vq w`‡jv y‡Uv †VKi| e¨vm&, m‡½ m‡½B †j‡M †M‡jv SMov| e‡bi me cï G‡K G‡K P‡j

†M‡jv evb‡ii w`‡K Avi me cvwL P‡j †M‡jv KvV‡VvKivi w`‡K| ïiæ n‡jv Zzgyj hy×| ïay ev yo †Kvb c‡ÿ

bv wM‡q yB `‡ji hy× †`L‡Z jvMj|

ev yo jÿ¨ Kij cvwLiv hy‡× wR‡Z hv‡Q| Gevi †m cvwL‡ì `‡j wM‡q ejj, GB †`‡Lv Avgvi cvLv Av‡Q,

Avwg Do‡Z cvwi, Avwg‡Zv cvwL, Avwg †Zvgv‡ìB `‡j|

ev yo ejj e‡U wKš‧ †m cï‡ì m‡½ hy‡× bvgj bv|

cïiv me GKÎ n‡q Gevi Suvwc‡q coj cvwL‡ì Ici| Zzgyj hy‡× g‡b n‡jv Gevi eywS cïivB wRZ‡e|

ev yo GKUz wPšÍv K‡i nVvr K‡iB `j e`‡j †djj| cvwL‡ì `j †_‡K †ewi‡q †m cï‡ì Kv‡Q wM‡q ejj

Avgvi †Zv uvZ Av‡Q, GB †`L, ZvQvov Avgvi _vevI Av‡Q, Avwg †Zv Avm‡j cï| AvR †_‡K Avwg

†Zvgv‡ìB `‡j|

ev yo cï‡ì `‡j †hvM w`j wVKB wKš‧ †Kvb hy‡× Ask wbj bv|

Gici cvwLiv D‡o D‡o bL w`‡q Lvg‡P, †VuvU w`‡q VzK‡i cï‡ì Kvey K‡i †djj| hy× †kl n‡jv| cvwLiv

hy‡× Rqx n‡jv| ev yo m‡½ m‡½ cvwL‡ì Kv‡Q wM‡q ejj, ÒAvgvi Avm‡j fzj n‡q †M‡Q, Avwg †Zv cvwL,

Avwg †Zv Do‡Z cvwi, Avwg †Zvgv‡ìB `‡j|Ó

Gevi cvwLiv Zv‡K wQ wQ K‡i Zvwo‡q w`j| ev yo cï‡ì Kv‡Q †Mj| GK_v ï‡b cïivI Zv‡K `‡j wbj bv|

†ek wKQzw`b c‡i e‡bi cï I cvwL‡ì g‡a¨ Avevi wgj n‡q †Mj| Zviv Avevi GKm‡½ †L‡j, Lvevi Lvq,

wKš‧ †KD ev yo‡K cQ›` K‡i bv, †Lj‡ZI †bq bv|

†mB †_‡K ev yo GKv GKv Mv‡Q Sz‡j _v‡K Avi ïay iv‡Zi †ejv GKvwK D‡o †eovq|


Mí Ñ 12 : Rv¤y bv‡gi GKwU nvwZ

GK R½‡j GK nvwZi Qvbv wQj| bvg Zvi Rv¤^y| Rv¤^yi cy‡iv kixi QvB i‡Oi| Kvb, ïuo, cv, †jR me QvB

i‡Oi| wKš‧ Rv¤^y Zvi GB QvB is wb‡q †gv‡UI Lywk bq|

ZvB †m gb Lvivc K‡i †Reªvi Kv‡Q †Mj| †Reªv me ï‡b ejj, wVK Av‡Q, Avwg Avgvi mv`v Avi Kv‡jv †Wviv

KvUv `vM †_‡K †Zvgvi kix‡ii Rb¨ mv`v I Kv‡jv is †è|

ï‡b Rv¤^y Lye Lywk n‡q †Reªv‡K ejj, †Zvgv‡K A‡bK abëv`|

Gici Rv¤y †ZvZv cvwLi Kv‡Q Zvi yt‡Li K_v ejj| †ZvZv cvwL me ï‡b ejj, wVK Av‡Q, Avwg †Zvgvi

ïu‡oi Rb¨ †Zvgv‡K Avgvi jvj isUv †è|

Rv¤^y Lywk n‡q †ZvZv cvwL‡KI abëv` Rvbv‡jv|

Gevi Rv¤yi †`Lv n‡jv gq~‡ii m‡½| gq~i me ï‡b †cLg Zz‡j †b‡P †b‡P ejj, Ò†Zvgvi gv_v Avi Kv‡bi

Rb¨ Avgvi bxj isUv wb‡Z cv‡ivÓ

Rv¤^y gq~i‡K abëv` w`‡q is¸‡jv wbj|

ax‡i ax‡i nuvU‡Z nuvU‡Z Rv¤y Gevi †cu․‡Q †Mj nwi‡Yi evwoi Kv‡Q| nwiY‡K g‡bi ytL ej‡ZB nwiY Rv¤yi

cv‡qi Rb¨ Zvi ev`vgx isUv w`‡q w`j|

Ò†Zvgv‡K A‡bK A‡bK abëv`Ó e‡j Rv¤y mvg‡bi w`‡K G‡Mvj| c‡_ †`Lv n‡jv ev‡Ni Qvbvi m‡½| ev‡Ni

Qvbvi KvQ †_‡K Rv¤y Zvi †j‡Ri Rb¨ †c‡jv njy` is| Rv¤^y GLb Lye Lywk| †m A‡bK¸‡jv is †c‡jv|

Kv‡jv, mv`v, jvj, meyR, bxj, ev`vwg Avi njy`| †gvU mvZwU is|

ciw`b me is Mv‡q †g‡L Rv¤^y †eov‡Z †ei n‡jv| Rv¤y AevK n‡q jÿ¨ Kij, Zvi eÜziv mevB Zv‡K †`L‡Q

wKš‧ †KD wPb‡Z cvi‡Q bv|

†Reªv ejj, GUv †Zv Avgv‡ì Rv¤^y bv| †ZvZv cvwL ejj, Avgv‡ì Rv¤y †Zv Ggb bv| gq~i ejj, bv, G

Avgv‡ì Rv¤y bv| nwiY ejj, Avgv‡ì Rv¤^y †Kv_vq? ev‡Ni Qvbv ejj, Avgv‡ì Rv¤^y Zvn‡j †Kv_vq †Mj?

Zviv †KD Rv¤yi w`‡K wd‡iI ZvKvj bv|

Rv¤^y Lye ytL †c‡jv| †m cyKz‡i †Mj Ges Zvi kixi †_‡K me is ay‡q †djj|

Rv¤^y Avevi Av‡Mi g‡Zv QvB i‡Oi n‡q †Mj|

Gevi †m Avgvi †eov‡Z †ei n‡jv|

eÜziv Zv‡K †`‡L mK‡j GK‡Î wPrKvi K‡i DVj,

ÒGB‡Zv Avgv‡ì eÜz Rv¤^yÓ

Zviv Rv¤yi m‡½ mvivw`b †Ljvayjv Kij| Rv¤^yI Lye Lywk|

Gici †_‡K QvB isUvB Rv¤yi cQ›`|



Iiv mewRUv `vwì Kv‡Q wb‡q Gj| `vw` ej‡jb, evn! Kx my›ì g~jv! abëv` †Zvgv‡ì‡K| Z‡e Gevi

Aek¨B Avjy G‡bv|

ivbv Avi wgZz gb Lvivc K‡i ejj, `vw`, KZ mewRB †Zv Avbjvg, wKš‧ Avjy †Zv Lyu‡R cvwQ bv| ej †`wL

Avjy †Kv_vq nq? `vw` ej‡jb, eyw× LvUvI| g~jv †Kv_vq †c‡q‡Qv? ivbv ejj, gvwUi wb‡P| Avi m‡½ m‡½B

wgZz Avi ivbv wPrKvi K‡i DVj, ey‡SwQ! AvjyI Z‡e gvwUi wb‡P! Iiv †`․‡o †Mj mewR †L‡Z| yB nvZ w`‡q

gvwU miv‡ZB †ewo‡q coj Avjy! wgZz Avi ivbv Lywk‡Z jvdv‡Z jvMj Avi nvZZvwj w`‡Z jvMj| Kx KvÐ!

Avjy nq gvwUi wb‡P, ZvB‡Zv Avgiv GZÿY Avjy Lyu‡R cvBwb|

wmwmgcyi cÖKvwkZ Mí Aej¤‡b

wkÿK mnvwqKv 88

N) Awfbq

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì m„RbkxjZv‡K DrmvwnZ Kivi Rb¨ Awfbq Kivi my‡hvM ivLv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK

wkï‡ì‡K w`‡q cÖ‡Z¨K mßv‡ni †kl e„n¯úwZevi (1 w`b) 20 wgwbU wewfbœ wel‡qi Dci Awfbq Kiv‡eb|

†h †Kv‡bv Mí cov †kl n‡q †M‡j †mB M‡íi wewfbœ PwiÎ wb‡q wkïiv `‡j/GKKfv‡e Awfbq Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

Avevi wkÿK †h †Kvb welq †hgb: C‡ì w`b, nvU evRvi, †gjv, ¯‥zj, Rb¥w`b, we‡q, moK yN©Ubv,

nvmcvZvj, dvqvi dvBwUs BZ¨vw` wb‡q Awfbq Kiv‡Z cv‡ib|

wkLbdj: 5.2.2 Awfbq I A½fw½i gva‡g Qov, KweZv, Mí Dc vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: M‡íi eB I cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx PwiÎ mvRv‡bvi Rb¨ ¯vbxq DcKiY|

Awfbq Kivi Rb¨ wkÿK‡ì hv KiYxq Zv n‡jv

• cÖ_‡g wkï‡ì cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx `‡j fvM K‡i w`‡eb|

• Awfb‡qi Rb¨ M‡íi eB †_‡K †h †Kvb GKwU Mí A_ev †Kvb _xg ev welq evQvB K‡i wkï‡ì‡K

eywS‡q w`‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K welqwU wb‡q wPšÍv Ki‡Z ej‡eb, cÖ‡qvR‡b NUbvUv mnR fvlvq eywS‡q w`‡eb| Kx DcKiY

jvM‡e, †h †Kvb Pwi‡Î Awfbq Ki‡e Zv wkï‡ì Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z w`‡eb Ges cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx

mnvqZv w`‡eb|

• wkï‡ì msjvç‡jv •Zwi Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| wkïiv wb‡R‡ì fvlvq msjvc ej‡e| msjvc gyL Í

Kiv‡bvi cÖ‡qvRb bvB|

• wkï‡ì cÖ ‧wZi Rb¨ mgq eivÏ Ki‡eb|

• Awfb‡qi Rb¨ DcKiY msMÖ‡n wkÿK mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

• winv‡m©j ev gnov Kiv‡eb| Z‡e ¯Ztù~Z© Awfb‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• Gici wkÿK G‡KK `j‡K Awfbq Kivi Rb¨ AvnŸvb Rvbv‡eb|

• gy³ Awfbq‡K DrmvwnZ Kiv Ges ch©vqµ‡g P¨v‡jwÄs Kivi Rb¨ Awfb‡qi welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv

Ki‡eb|

• wewfbœ ai‡Yi Awfe¨w³ wb‡q gyKvwfb‡qi Av‡qvRb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• meB‡K Drmvn w`‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb|


O) Pviæ KvR

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì m„RbkxjZv weKv‡ki Rb¨ bvbv ai‡bi Pviæi KvR ivLv n‡q‡Q| Qwe AvuKv me wkïiB

cQ‡›ì KvR hvi gva¨‡g wkï Zvi fv‡jv jvMv, cQ›`-AcQ›`, wPšÍv- †PZbv cÖKvk K‡i _v‡K| G‡ÿ‡Î cÖwZwU

wkïi Qwe AvuKvi KvR‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡j wkïi wkL‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ `ÿZviI weKvk wbwðZ n‡e|

GRb¨ evwl©K cvV cwiKíbv Abyhvqx ch©vqµ‡g Pviæi KvR¸‡jv Kiv‡eb|

wkLbdj: 1.2.1 †cwÝj, mvc©bvi, Zzwj, PK BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e ai‡Z cvi‡e|

1.2.2 †µqb, †cwÝj, Zzwji mvnv‡h¨ AvuK‡Z I is Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.3.1 B‡Qg‡Zv AvuwK eywK Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.3.3 B‡Qg‡Zv Qwe AvuK‡Z I is Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.3.4 Qwe/wPÎ/e¯‧ I `„k¨ †`‡L AvuK‡Z cvi‡e|

5.1.1 cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ Dcv`v‡bi „k¨cUmn Qwe AvuK‡Z I is Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

OÑ1. is †Pbv‡bv

DcKiY: wewfbœ i‡Oi KvMR (jvj, bxj, meyR, njy` BZ¨vw`)|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK wkï‡ì is m¤ú‡K© aviYv w`‡eb|

• G‡KKwU K‡i is wb‡eb Ges wkï‡ì‡K wR‡Ám Kiv‡eb GUv Kx is?

• Gfv‡e mKj wkï‡K ejvi Ges †`Lvi my‡hvM w`‡eb|

• wewfbœ i‡Oi bvg ej‡eb Ges wkï‡ì ej‡eb K¬v‡mi g‡a¨ †mB is wPwýZ Ki‡Z A_ev †mB is Gi

wRwbm Qzu‡q Avm‡Z|

• wkÿK mKj wkï is wPb‡Z †c‡iQ wK bv Zv †Ljvi gva¨‡g g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| mKj wkï‡K

†kÖwYK‡ÿi wfZ‡i nvUvnvwU Ki‡Z ej‡eb| fv‡jvK‡i wkï‡ì eywS‡q w`b †h hLb jvj is †`Lv‡eb,

ZLb Zv‡ì _vg‡Z n‡e| Avevi hLb meyR †`Lv‡eb ZLb nvUv ïiæ Ki‡Z n‡e| GLv‡b njy` †`Lv‡j

nvZ DVv‡Z n‡e, bxj †`Lv‡j e‡m †h‡Z n‡e ch©vqµ‡g †Ljvq †hvM K‡i †LjvwU‡K AvKl©Yxq Ki‡Z

cv‡ib|

• †kÖwYK‡ÿi wZb †KvYvq wZbwU i‡Oi (jvj, meyR, bxj) KvW© †i‡L GKevi wkï‡ì cQ›` Abyhvqx

i‡Oi w`‡K †h‡Z ej‡eb| Av‡iKevi hvi Rvgvq †h is †ewk †m Kb©v‡i †h‡Z ej‡eb| †Kvb wkï hw`

fzj K‡i Zv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

• wewfbœ i‡Oi KvM‡Ri UzK‡iv GK‡Î wgwk‡q wkï‡ì w`‡q is Abyhvqx †kÖwkKiY Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

cieZx©‡Z d¬vm KvW© eënvi K‡i is Abyhvqx †kÖwkKi‡Yi KvR Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 90

OÑ2. AvuwKeywKi wewfbœ DcKiY cwiwPwZ I eënvi

DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, mvc©bvi, B‡iRvi, †µqb, is, †cwÝj, KvMR BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì‡K ∪ AvK…wZ K‡i emv‡eb|

• wkÿK DcKiY¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e wkï‡ì mvg‡b Zz‡j ai‡eb Ges cwiwPZ Kiv‡eb|

• cÖwZwU DcKiY Gi eënvi K‡i †`Lv‡eb Ges wkï‡ì w`‡q Kiv‡eb|

• wkÿK KvM‡R GKwU Qwe AvuK‡eb Ges K‡qKRb wkï‡K w`‡q is Kiv‡eb|

• wkï‡ì †W‡K Gfv‡e cÖwZwU DcKiY eënvi Kiv‡eb Ges cÖkœ K‡i Gi eënvi m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡eb|

wkïiv bv ej‡Z cvi‡j wkÿK e‡j wèb|

• KvM †k‡l mevB‡K nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

OÑ3. B‡”Qg‡Zv AvuKv

DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, PK, †evW©, PK, is‡cwÝj, †cwÝj, Wv÷vi BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK Kv‡Ri c~‡e© DcKiY¸‡jv †RvMvo K‡i ivL‡eb Ges †evW© gy‡Q cwi®‥vi K‡i ivL‡eb|

• wkï‡ì nv‡Z PK w`‡eb|

• Zv‡ì hv Lywk †ev‡W© AvuK‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g †ev‡W© 2/3 w`b AvuKvAvuwK Kivi ci LvZvq B‡Qg‡Zv AvuK‡Z w`‡eb|

• wkïi Kv‡Q wM‡q wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv Kx Gu‡K‡Q?

• cÖwZwU AvuKv‡Z Ges AvuKv wel‡q wkï‡ì cÖkœ K‡i K_v ej‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

OÑ4. AvuKv Qwe is Kiv

DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, KvMR, is †cwÝj BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK cÖwZwU wkï‡K Zv‡ì LvZv ev †Kvb KvM‡R eo AvKv‡i †Kvb Qwe ev AvK…wZ AvuK‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì `‡j ewm‡q is †cwÝj weZiY Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì is Ki‡Z ej‡eb, †Lqvj ivL‡Z ej‡eb, hv‡Z is †iLvw¼Z mxgvbvi evwn‡i P‡j bv hvq|

• Gfv‡e wewfbœ AvKvi, AvK…wZ, Qwe wkï‡ì w`‡q is Kiv‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î wkï‡ì cÖPzi Abykxjb Kiv‡Z

n‡e|

OÑ5. Qwe/wPÎ/e ‘/ „k¨ †`‡L AvuKv I is Kiv

DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, †µqb, is †cwÝj BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• gRvi GKB KvRwU Kivi Rb¨ wkÿK mevB‡K ¯vMZ Rvbv‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K K¬v‡mi evB‡i A_ev K¬v‡mi wfZ‡i Kx Kx wRwbm Av‡Q Zv jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|


• wkïiv wK‡mi Qwe AvuK‡e Zv cÖ‡K¨K‡K wVK Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì LvZv, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj ev †µqb weZiY Ki‡eb|

• cÖwZwU wkï‡K Gevi †cwÝj w`‡q AvuK‡Z Ges is Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvi AvuKvi KvR‡K Dc vcb/eY©bv Kivi my‡hvM w`‡eb|

• mevB‡K Drmvn w`‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb|

• Gfv‡e wewfbœ wRwbm AvuKvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

OÑ6. AwfÁZv/wPšÍv‡K AvuKvi gva¨‡g cÖKvk

DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj, †µqb I KvMR|

c×wZ:

wkÿK wkï‡ì AwfÁZv/wPšÍv‡K AvuKvi gva¨‡g cÖKvk Kivi welq m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡ì LvZv,

†cwÝj, is †cwÝj weZiY Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K †PvL eÜ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì †`Lv wewfbœ Qwe/AwfÁZv †PvL eÜ K‡i Kíbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• KwíZ Qwe/AwfÁZvwU wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K †cwÝj w`‡q AvuK‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi is †cwÝj w`‡q Zv‡ì g‡bi g‡Zv is Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì AvuKv wPÎ m¤ú‡K© wewfbœ cÖkœ Ki‡eb Ges wkïi cÖ‡Z¨KwU AvuKvi cÖksmv K‡i KvR

†kl Ki‡eb|

• Gfv‡e wkï‡ì‡K w`‡q Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

OÑ7. wb‡ ©kbv Abymv‡i AvuKv

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì m„Rbkxj `ÿZv e„w×i Rb¨ wKQz wb‡ ©kbvg~jK AvuKvi Kv‡Ri eë¯v ivLv

n‡q‡Q| wkïiv B‡Qg‡Zv AvuKv, wewfbœ Qwe †`‡L AvuKvi mv‡_ mv‡_ cvZv, m~h©, dj, cZvKv, kvcjv, Nywo,

gvQ, Ni, †b․Kv Ges Zv‡ì cQ›`gZ „k¨ AvuK‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿK GKwU welq wb‡q 2/3 w`b AvuKvi KvR

Kiv‡Z cv‡ib|

DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj, †µqb I Avgvi eB|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK cÖ_‡g PK †ev‡W© GKwU mnR wPÎ AvuK‡eb|

• wkÿK av‡c av‡c wPÎwU AvuK‡eb †hb wkïiv eyS‡Z cv‡i|

• wkï‡ì 2/1 Rb‡K †ev‡W© †W‡K G‡b AvuKv wPÎwUi Dci nvZ Nyiv‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi wkï‡ì †ev‡W© PK w`‡q wPÎwU AvuK‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gici cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K LvZv/‡cwÝj weZiY Ki‡eb|

• ch©vqµ‡g cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡ì LvZvq wPÎ AvuK‡Z ej‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 92

• AvuKv †kl n‡j is Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkïi KvM‡R AvuKv wPÎ¸‡jvi wb‡P wkïi bvg wj‡L K¬v‡m cÖ`k©b Ki‡eb Ges †`qv‡j Szwj‡q

ivL‡eb|

• KvR †k‡l mevB‡K nvZnvwj w`‡q Drmvn w`‡eb|

• Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g wkÿK m~h©, Ni, †b․Kv BZ¨vw` wPÎ GKB wbq‡g Kiv‡eb|

• Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv 4-8 ch©šÍ †`qv wPÎ¸‡jv Gevi wkï‡`i w`‡q ch©vµ‡g is Kiv‡eb|


P) Kviæ KvR

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì Rb¨ m„RbkxjZv Ges m~² †cwki `ÿZv e„w×i j‡ÿ¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi Kviæ KvR ivLv

n‡q‡Q| Kviæ KvR¸‡jv n‡jv:

KvMR fuvR Kiv, KvMR KvUv, KvMR †K‡U AvVv jvMv‡bv, †Kvjv‡Ri KvR, wewfbœ mewR †K‡U Qvc •Zwi Kiv,

cÖvK…wZK Dcv`vb w`‡q is •Zwi Kiv, KvV w`‡q wewfbœ AvKvi AvK…wZ •Zwi, cvZv, KvMR, gvwU w`‡q wewfbœ

wRwbm •Zwi BZ¨vw`|

Kviæ KvR Kivi mgq wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K KuvwP eënvi †`wL‡q w`‡eb Ges jÿ ivL‡eb wkïiv †hb †Kv‡bv

yN©Ubv bv NUvq| wkÿK Aek¨B Kviæ Kv‡Ri Av‡M I c‡i mg Í DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb Ges wkï‡ì Kiv

nv‡Zi KvR K¬v‡m mvwR‡q ivL‡eb|

wkLbdj: 1.3.1 †PvL I nv‡Zi mgšq K‡i wewfbœ KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

1.2.4 Kuv`v, gvwU, KvMR, cvZv BZ¨vw` mnRjf¨ DcKiY w`‡q B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljbv •Zwi

Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

5.1.2 cwi‡e‡ki mnRjf¨ Dcv`vb w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

P Ñ 1. KvMR fvR

DcKiY: Le‡ii KvMR, †d‡j †Ìqv KvMR wKsev eëüZ †cv÷vi KvMR|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK K¬vm ïiæi Av‡M Le‡ii KvMR, A_ev eëüZ KvMR msMÖn K‡i ivL‡eb|

• msM„nxZ KvMR wkï‡ì gv‡S weZiY Ki‡eb|

• Gici wkï‡ì GKBfv‡e KvMRwU fvR Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges jÿ Ki‡eb wkïiv cvi‡Q wK-bv, bv

cvi‡j mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

• Gfv‡e wkÿK wkï‡ì wewfbœ iKg fvR †kLv‡eb Ges fvR Abyhvqx KvMR wQuo‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì nvZZvwj w`‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb|

P Ñ 2. KvMR KvUv

DcKiY: eëüZ KvMR, iwOb KvMR, †QvU KuvwP BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB wewfbœ i‡Oi KvMR Ges †QvU KuvwP (wkï Dc‡hvMx- mvg‡bi Ask m~Pv‡jv bq, Kg

aviv‡jv) ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb|

• wkï‡ì `‡j emv‡eb|

• mZK©Zvi mv‡_ Ges wbivc‡` KuvwPi eënvi †kLv‡eb hv‡Z †Kv‡bv yN©Ubv bv N‡U|

• cÖwZwU `‡j KvMR Ges KuvwP w`‡eb|

• wkï‡ì B‡Qg‡Zv †QvU, eo, gvSvwi wewfbœ AvK…wZ‡Z KvMR KvU‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ K‡i Kv‡Ri mgvwß Uvb‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 94

P Ñ 3. KvMR †K‡U wewfbœ AvK…wZ evbv‡bv

DcKiY: iwOb KvMR, mv`v/eªvDb †ccvi, †QvU KuvwP, Mvg BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK K¬vm ïiæi c~‡e©B wewfbœ i‡Oi KvMR Ges KuvwP ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K 4/5wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K †Mvj, wZb‡KvYv, Pvi‡KvYv AvK…wZ‡Z KvMR KvU‡Z ej‡eb|

• jÿ ivL‡eb, wkïiv †hb KuvwP w`‡q †Kvb yN©Ubv bv NUvq|

• KvR †k‡l wkï‡ì‡K KvMR, KuvwP wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q Rgv w`‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ K‡i Kv‡Ri mgvwß Uvb‡eb|

P Ñ 4. KvUv KvMR AvVv w`‡q jvMv‡bv

DcKiY: iwOb KvMR, Mvg, †QvU KuvwP, mv`v/eªvDb †ccvi BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK K¬vm ïiæi Av‡MB KvMR, AvVv, KuvwP ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb|


• wkï‡ì‡K AvVv, KuvwP, KvMR weZiY Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K KuvwP w`‡q wewfbœ AvKvi, AvK…wZ‡Z KvMR KvU‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gici GKwU mv`v KvMR wb‡Z ej‡eb|

• KvUv KvM‡Ri Ask¸‡jv‡Z AvVv jvwM‡q mv`v KvM‡R jvMv‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖ‡Z¨K `‡ji KvR¸‡jv Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb Ges jÿ ivL‡eb †hb KvUv KvMR¸‡jv GKwUi Dci

Av‡iKwU bv jv‡M|

• cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv wK ai‡bi KvMR †K‡U‡Q?

• wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb †hb KuvwP w`‡q †Kvb yN©Ubv bv N‡U|

• mevB‡K nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

P Ñ 5. cÖvK…wZK is •Zwi

DcKiY: cyuB kv‡Ki wewP, Pzb, KvVv‡ji Mv‡Qi njy` ¸ov, mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì‡K evwo ev Av‡k cv‡ki evMvb/MvQ †_‡K KuvVvj Mv‡Qi Pvgov wb‡Pi njy` ¸ov/cyuB kv‡Ki

cuvKv wewP Avb‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkÿK GKwU †QvU cv‡Î cyuB kv‡Ki wewP wP‡c im Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK njy` ¸ovi mv‡_ Pzb cvwb wgkv‡eb|

• wkï‡ì jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb|


• jÿ¨ ivL‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv Pzb †Pv‡L gy‡L bv †`q Ges nvZ ay‡q wb‡Z ej‡eb|

• c‡ii K¬v‡m i‡Oi eënvi Ki‡eb|

P Ñ 6. me&wR †K‡U Qvc •Zwi

DcKiY: KvgivOv, †Xuom, mv`v KvMR, Zij is (cÖvK…wZK ev †Kbv)|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK G KvRwU Kivi Av‡Mi w`b 4/5 Rb wkï‡K evwo †_‡K KvgivOv I †Xuom Avb‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkÿK wb‡RI Avb‡eb|

• wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB is •Zwi K‡i ivL‡eb|

• wkÿK, Kvgiv½v, †Xo‡mi wKQz Ask †K‡U †`Lv‡eb|

• Gici KvUv Ask wkï‡ì‡K w`‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K KvUv Ask c~‡e© •Zwi Kiv cÖvK…wZK i‡O Pzwe‡q wb‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gici mv`v KvM‡R A‡bK¸‡jv Qvc w`‡Z ej‡eb|

• KvR †k‡l ïwK‡q †Mvj K¬v‡m AvVv w`‡q jvwM‡q ev Szwj‡q ivL‡eb|

P Ñ 7. KwVi KvR

DcKiY: Avgvi eB, wewfbœ AvK…wZi KvwV, KwÂ, mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK KvwVi KvR Kiv‡bvi c~‡e© wkï‡ì‡K evwo †_‡K mgvb AvKv‡ii †ek wKQz KvwV msMÖn K‡i

Avb‡Z ej‡eb| †hgb: cv‡Vi KvwV, euv‡ki KwÂ, AvBmwµ‡gi KvwV|

• wkÿK wb‡RI wewfbœ ai‡bi KvwV msMÖn K‡i Avb‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K 4/5 wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb|

• `‡j 20-30 wU KvwV weZiY Ki‡eb|

• Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv b¤i 13-14 †ei K‡i Zv †`‡L wkï‡ì‡K KvwV w`‡q wewfbœ AvKvi AvK…wZ evbv‡Z

ej‡eb|

• wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`‡L cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv mnvqZv w`‡eb|

• cieZx©‡Z `‡j wkï‡ì‡K KvwV w`‡q B‡Qg‡Zv wewfbœ wRwbm, AvKvi AvK…wZ •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K Zv‡ì Kv‡Ri weeiY w`‡Z ej‡eb|

• Ab¨vb¨ `j‡K evwK `j¸‡jvi KvR Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì KvwV¸‡jv ¸wQ‡q wkÿ‡Ki wbKU Rgv w`‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gfv‡e Avgvi eB‡qi †`qv bgybv Abyhvqx KvwV w`‡q wewfbœ ai‡bi KvR Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• KvR †k‡l mevB‡K DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 96

P Ñ 8. cvZvi KvR

DcKiY: Avgvi eB, wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv|

c×wZ:

• cvZvi KvR Kiv‡bvi c~‡e© wkÿK 4/5 Rb wkï‡K wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv msMÖn K‡i Avb‡Z ej‡eb|

†hgb: bvi‡Kj, Avg, Rvg, mycvwii cvZv, Ab¨vb¨ mnRjf¨ cvZv BZ¨vw`|

• wkÿK wb‡RI wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv Avb‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K `‡j fvM Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wb‡R cvZv wb‡eb Ges cvZv w`‡q Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv b¤i 9-12 †`‡L GKUv wKQz evbv‡eb|

evbv‡bvi mgq wkï‡ì‡K cÖwZwU avc jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gici wkï‡ì‡K cvZv weZiY Ki‡eb|

• Avgvi eB‡qi mswkøó cvZv Ly‡j mvg‡b †i‡L wkÿK hv •Zwi K‡i‡Qb Zv wkï‡ì‡KI Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb me wkï mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv|

• bv cvi‡j wkï‡ì‡K mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

• GQvov wkÿK cvZv w`‡q Nwo, Pzwo, cvwU, Pkgv, Kvc BZ¨vw` •Zwi Kiv wkï‡ì †kLv‡eb Ges cÖwZ

eviB wkï‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

• KvR †k‡l mevB‡K nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

P Ñ 9. Kuv`v/gvwUi KvR

DcKiY: Kuv`v, gvwU, cvwb, cøvw÷K Mvgjv, Ab¨vb¨ mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK c~e© †_‡KB gvwU Ges cvwbi Av‡qvRb K‡i ivL‡eb|


• wkï‡ì‡K ¯‥z‡ji eviv›`v/gv‡V wb‡q hv‡eb|

• gvwU Ges cvwb weZiY Ki‡eb|

• Gevi gvwUi mv‡_ cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv cvwb †g‡L gÐ •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• gÐ w`‡q wkï‡ì cQ›` g‡Zv gv‡e©j, Mvwo, †gvevBj, cyZzj BZ¨vw` evbv‡Z ej‡eb|

• KvR †k‡m wkï‡ì Kv‡Ri RvqMv cwi®‥vi K‡i mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q cwi®‥vi n‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì Drmvn w`‡eb|

• cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZv I KvR †MvQv‡bvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì abëv` w`‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì KvR¸‡jv †iv‡` ïwK‡q wb‡eb|

• Gici wkï‡ì nv‡Zi KvR¸‡jv Zv‡K/Kb©v‡i cÖ`k©‡bi Rb¨ msiÿY Ki‡eb|


P Ñ 10. KvMR w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi Kiv

DcKiY: KvMR, Mvg, mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K KvMR weZiY Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wb‡RI GK UzKiv KvMR wb‡eb|

• wkÿK Ggbfv‡e uvov‡eb hv‡Z wkÿ‡Ki nv‡Zi Kv‡Ri cÖ‡Z¨KwU avc wkïiv †`L‡Z cv‡i|

• wkÿK †h wRwbm •Zwi Ki‡eb Zvi bvg ej‡eb Ges av‡c av‡c Zvi KvR jÿ¨ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkÿK Av‡¯Í Av‡ Í KvM‡Ri fuvR w`‡eb Ges wkï‡ì‡K c~Y©v½ wRwbm bv nIqv ch©šÍ jÿ¨ Ki‡Z

ej‡eb|

• cÖ_‡g mnR KvR w`‡q ïiæ Ki‡eb|

• Gevi wkï‡ì‡K KvRwU Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• Ny‡i Ny‡i wkï‡ì KvR ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb|

• hv‡ì mnvqZv ìKvi †mLv‡b mnvqZv wèb|

• Gfv‡e KvMR w`‡q cvLv, D‡ovRvnvR, PowK, dzj, Uzwc, †b․Kv BZ¨vw` •Zwi Kiv‡eb|

• GKwU Kv‡Ri Rb¨ 2/3 w`b mgq e¨q Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

P Ñ 11. †Kvjv‡Ri KvR

DcKiY: iwOb cvZjv KvMR, Mvg, †QvU KvwP, mv`v KvMR, ivevi, mvc©bvi, eªvDb †ccvi BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK ev wkïiv KvM‡R eo AvKv‡ii wewfbœ Qwe (†hgb: Avg, KuvVvj, †cu‡c, Ni, †b․Kv) AvuK‡e|

• AvuKv Qwe Dci wkïiv AvVv jvMv‡e|

• wkïiv wewfbœ i‡Oi KvMR †QvU K‡i wQ‡o/†K‡U †b‡e|

• AvVv jvMv‡bv Qwei Dci wewfbœ i‡Oi †QvU KvMR Qwo‡q w`‡e|

• KvR †k‡l wkï‡ì †KvjvR †`qv‡j cÖ`k©b K‡i ivL‡eb|

• wkïiv †QvU Qwe Gu‡K is K‡i, KuvwP w`‡q †K‡U Zvici Qwe¸‡jvi †cQ‡b AvVv jvwM‡q GKwU eo mv`v

KvM‡R jvMv‡eb| Gfv‡e „k¨c‡Ui †KvjvR •Zwi Ki‡eb| wkÿK cy‡iv wel‡q wkï‡ì mnvqZv

Ki‡eb|

P Ñ 12. mnRjf¨ e¯‘ w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi

DcKiY: wewP, cv_i, Lo, myZv, wSbyK, kvgyK, bvi‡K‡ji gvjv, mycvwii †Lvj, wW‡gi †Nvmv, Zzwj, †cB›U

Mvg, mv`v KvMR, mnRjf¨ DcKiY BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

wkÿK mnvwqKv 98

• wkï‡ì‡K evwo †_‡K ev Av‡k cv‡ki cwi‡ek †_‡K wewfbœ ai‡bi wewP, cv_i, Lo, myZv, wSbyK,

kvgyK, bvwi‡K‡ji gvjv, mycwii †Lvj, wW‡gi †Lvmv BZ¨vw` Avb‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì 4/5wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K GKwU KvR D`vniY wn‡m‡e †`Lv‡eb| †hgb: wW‡gi †Lvmvi Dci is w`‡q †PvL,

bvK, gyL G‡K gyLgÐ‡ji Aeqe •Zwi Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì wkÿ‡Ki KvR jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì KvR †k‡l DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivL‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gev‡e cv_‡i gy‡Li Aeqe •Zwi, Qwe G‡K AvVv Qwo‡q wewP/avb w`‡q Ni I dzj, bvwi‡K‡ji gvjv

w`‡q `vwocvjøv Ges wSbyK w`‡q wewfbœ wRwbm •Zwi Kiv‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K KvR †k‡l DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivL‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• evwo‡Z gv evevi mnvqZvq KvR Kivi Rb¨ wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

P Ñ 13. †d‡j †`qv wRwbm w`‡q †Ljbv evbv‡bv

DcKiY: cøvw÷‡Ki †evZj, †evZ‡ji wQwc, cvDWvi ev † œv Gi †K․Uv, wUmy¨ †ccvi e·, Jl‡ai e·, Mvg

BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK †d‡j †`qv wRwbmcÎ †hgb: †evZj, cvDWv‡ii ev †¯œv Gi †K․Uv, †evZ‡ji wQwc BZ¨vw`

msMÖn Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wb‡R wewfbœ wRwbm †hgb †evZj w`‡q SzbSzwb, Mvwo BZ¨vw` evbv‡eb Ges cÖwZwU avc wkï‡ì

jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• GKBfv‡e †d‡j †`qv DcKiY w`‡q wkï‡ì wRwbm evbv‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkÿ‡Ki AbyKi‡Y wkï‡ì‡K Zv •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i wkï‡ì KvR¸‡jv jÿ Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì ch©vß mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK KvR †k‡l wkï‡ì DcKiY ¸wQ‡q ivL‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g †d‡j †`qv wRwbm †_‡K SzbSzwb, WzMWzwM, MvwZ •Zwi Kiv‡eb|

• wkïiv †hb gv evevi mnvqZvq evwo †_‡K wewfbœ wRwbm evwb‡q wb‡q Av‡m Zv ej‡eb|


fvlvi KvR

(†kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb)

†kvbv I ejv cÖvK-cVb cÖvK-wjLb

K‡_vcK_b

AwfÁZvi Mí

cïcvwLi WvK

cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã

bvg †_‡K aŸwb

aŸwbi PP©v I aŸwb

w`‡q kã evbv‡bv

kã w`‡q evK¨ •Zwi

avivevwnK Mí ejv

Qwei Mí cov

bvg cov

†`‡L cv_©K¨ †ei Kiv

eY©gvjv cwiwPwZ I

cVb

kã cVb

cÖZxK cov

B‡Qg‡Zv AvuKv

c¨vUvb© AvuKv

eY©vsk wjLb

eY© wjLb

kã wjLb

wkÿK mnvwqKv 100

fvlvi KvR (†kvbv-ejv, cÖvK-cVb, cÖvK-wjLb)

fvlv fv‡ei evnb, †hvMv‡hv‡Mi gva¨g| wkï hLb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q Av‡m ZLb †m B‡Zvg‡a¨ fvlvi

†ek wKQz `ÿZv AR©b K‡i Av‡m| †hgb- gvZ…fvlvq †Kv‡bv wKQz ï‡b eyS‡Z cviv I K_v ejvi gva¨‡g Zvi

Av‡eM-Abyf~wZ-cÖ‡qvRb cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv| Zvi GB †kvbv I ejvi `ÿZv‡K AviI kw³kvjx Kiv †hgb

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi wkÿ‡Ki Ab¨Zg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© KvR, †Zgwb eY©gvjvi AvbyôvwbK aviYv cÖ`v‡bi gva¨‡g

wkï‡K co‡Z I wjL‡Z †kLvi †g․wjK `ÿZv AR©‡bi †ÿÎ cÖ ‧Z KivI Zuvi `vwqZ¡| Zvi gv‡b GB bq †h,

wkï cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡ZB mvejxjfv‡e co‡Z I wjL‡Z wk‡L hv‡e| eis GB †kÖwY‡Z wkÿ‡Ki KvR n‡e

Avb‡›ì mv‡_ A_©c~Y©fv‡e †kvbv-ejv-cov-†jLvi bvbv Kv‡R wkï‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i wkïi fvlv-`ÿZv weKv‡ki

cÖv_wgK m~Pbv NUv‡bv| wkï GB `ÿZv¸‡jv hZ fv‡jvfv‡e AR©b Ki‡e, ZZB Zvi Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î mdj

nIqvi m¤¢vebv evov‡Z _vK‡e|

fvlv-`ÿZv weKv‡ki j‡ÿ¨ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kÖwY‡Z wkïiv cÖwZw`b fvlv-msµvšÍ bvbviKg Kv‡R AskMÖnY

Ki‡e| GRb¨ cÖwZw`b K¬vm iæwU‡b 25 wgwbU mgq eivÏ _vK‡e| GB 25 wgwbU mg‡q wkÿK †kvbv, ejv,

cov I †jLvi bvbviKg Kv‡R wkï‡ì m¤ú„³ Ki‡eb| wb‡P GB KvR¸‡jvi cÖwµqv ewY©Z n‡jv|

1. †kvbv I ejv

wkïi †kvbv I ejvi `ÿZvi cwic~Y© weKv‡ki Ici wbf©i K‡i cieZx©Kv‡j Zvi cov I †jLvi `ÿZvi

weKvk| GRb¨ eQ‡ii ïiæi w`‡K hLb wkïiv we`¨vj‡q Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i ZLb wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †kvbv I

ejvi KvR Ki‡eb| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i Zv‡ì‡K cov I †jLvi Kv‡Ri w`‡K wb‡q hv‡eb|

1.1 K‡_vcK_b

wkLbdj: 3.1.10 K‡_vcK_b I `jxq Av‡jvPbvq mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡e|

3.1.2 cÖkœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z cvi‡e|

3.1.8 ¯úó I kÖeY‡hvM¨fv‡e K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e|

3.2.2 evK¨ †_‡K kã Avjv`v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.2.3 GKB iKg kã kYv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK wewfbœ welq wb‡q wkï‡ì K‡_vcK_‡bi my‡hvM K‡i †`‡eb| cÖwZw`b 5 wgwbU wkïiv wb‡R‡ì

g‡a¨ K‡_vcK_‡bi Ki‡e|

• K‡_vcK_‡bi Rb¨ wkÿK wkï‡ì KL‡bv yBRb yBRb K‡i RywU K‡i †èb, KL‡bv †QvU `‡j e‡m

K‡_vcK_b Ki‡Z ej‡eb| K‡_vcK_‡bi welq wkÿK wbe©vPb K‡i †`‡eb| †hgb- wkïiv wb‡R‡ì

cwiPq †`‡e, wb‡Ri m¤ú‡K© ej‡e, wb‡Ri cwievi, wcÖq †Ljv, wcÖq eÜz BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© ej‡e|

• wkÿK RywU‡Z ev `‡j wM‡q K‡_vcK_‡b AskMÖnY Ki‡eb, K‡_vcK_b mwVKfv‡e cwiPvjbvq

mnvqZv Ki‡eb Ges wkïiv mwµqfv‡e AskMÖnY Ki‡Q wK bv Zv hvPvB I wbwðZ Ki‡eb|


1.2 AwfÁZvi Mí

wkLbdj: 3.1.6 cwiwPZ e¯‧, Qwe ev „k¨cU m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e|

3.1.8. ¯úó I kÖeY‡hvM¨fv‡e K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e|

3.1.9 Kvj (AZxZ, eZ©kvb I fwel¨r) Abyhvqx fve cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB

c×wZ :

• wkï‡ì Pvicv‡k cwiPwZ RMr †_‡K Zv‡ì cwiwPZ wRwb‡mi GKwU ZvwjKv †Ìqv n‡jv|

wkÿK GB ZvwjKv †_‡K GKwU welq wbe©vPb Ki‡eb| †hgb-AvR‡Ki welq n‡Z cv‡i

ÔNywoÕ|

• Zvici ÔNywoÕ wel‡q Drmvnx 3/4 Rb wkÿv_©x‡K Zv‡ì AwfÁZvi Mí ej‡Z ej‡eb| hLb GKRb

wkï Zvi Mí ej‡e, ZLb Ab¨viv ïb‡e| wkÿK Mí ejvi mgq cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb I

Mí ejv †k‡l nvZZvwj w`‡q Drmvn †`‡eb|

• GKwU wkïi AwfÁZvi Mí ejv †k‡l H M‡íi wfwË‡Z wkÿK cÖkœ Ki‡eb I Ab¨ wkïiv MíwU

ïb‡Q wKbv Ges ï‡b ey‡Q‡Q wK bv Zv hvPvB Ki‡eb|

welq ZvwjKv

Nywo

cyKzi

dzj

nvZcvLv

Mvwo

wiKmv

†Uªb

gv/evev

dzUej

QvMj

m‡›`k/evZvmv

†gjv

C`/c~Rv

bZzb Rvgv

jvwUg

cyZzj

b`x

gvgv

wcÖq eÜz

weovj

e„wó

†b․Kv

†Ljbv

dwos

cÖRvcwZ

bvMi‡`vjv

Puv`

bvbv/`v`v/bvwb/`vw`

Avgvi ¯‥zj

KzKzi

†`vjbv

nuvwo-cvwZj

dj

nvIqvB-wgVvB

AvBmwKªg

PK‡jU

fvB‡evb

cvwL

Avgv‡ì evwo

gvQ

• jÿYxq †h GwU GKwU bgybv ZvwjKv gvÎ, ZvwjKvi me¸‡jv welq wb‡q AwfÁZvi Mí ejvi

cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

• ZvwjKvi evB‡iI mgq I ¯vbxqfv‡e cÖvmw½K welh wkÿK wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb- kxZKv‡j

wcVvcywj, MÖx®§Kv‡j Avg-KuvVvj-wjPz, MÖvgxY cwi‡e‡k avb gvovB ev gvQ aiv, kû‡i cwi‡e‡k wkï

cvK© ev KvU©yb Qwe, cvnvwo GjvKvq SY©v BZ¨vw`|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 102

1.3 cïcvwLi WvK

wkLbdj: 3.2.1 cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.1.4 †`‡L ev ï‡b †Kv‡bv wKQz kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.1.8 ¯úó I kÖeY‡hvM¨fv‡e K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e|


c×wZ:

• cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì m‡PZb K‡i Zzj‡Z Zv‡ì cwiwPZ wewfbœ cï-cvwL Kxfv‡e

Wv‡K Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• Gevi wkï‡ì Mjvi ¯i cwieZ©b K‡i wewfbœ cï-cvwLi WvK WvK‡Z ej‡eb, †hgb- Miæ, QvMj,

†fov, †Nvov, evN, weovj, KzKzi, †KvwKj, KvK, †gviM, wUKwUwK BZ¨vwì WvK| cÖwZw`b yBwU K‡i

cÖvYxi WvK PP©v Kiv‡eb| WvK PP©v Kiv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î ¯‡ii IVvbvgv, †Rv‡i I Av‡ Í BZ¨vw` bvbvfv‡e

WvK PP©v Kiv‡eb| cÖ_‡g mKj wkï wg‡j WvK‡Z cv‡i, cieZ©x‡Z `‡j Ges GKKfv‡eI Zv‡ì

Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• D‡ëvfv‡e †Kv‡bv GKwU WvK w`‡q †mwU †Kvb cÖvYxi Zv wkï‡ì kbv³ Ki‡Z ejyb| Gfv‡e wkïiv

ax‡i ax‡i aŸwb m‡PZb n‡q DV‡e|

1.4 cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã

wkLbdj: 1.3.6. kã ï‡b Gi Drm wPb‡Z cvi‡e|

3.2.1 cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.1.4. †`‡L ev ï‡b †Kv‡bv wKQz kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|


c×wZ :

• wewfbœ ai‡bi cï-cvwLi Wv‡Ki g‡Zv cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ kã wb‡qI GKB iKg †Ljv wkÿK wkï‡ì

mv‡_ †Lj‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb- QzwUi NÈv, Nwoi KuvUvi kã, cvwbi kã, †g‡Ni WvK, †ijMvwoi kã,

e„wói kã, evZv‡mi kã BZ¨vw`|

• Gme wRwb‡mi kã †Kgb Zv wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb| wkïiv G¸‡jv DPviY K‡i †kvbv‡e|

Gfv‡e Zv‡ì g‡a¨ aŸwb m‡PZbZv M‡o DV‡e|

• Avevi D‡ëvfv‡e wewfbœ kã K‡i kã¸‡jvi Drm Kx Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| †hgb- SbSb, wUswUs, Kz-

wSK-wSK BZ¨vw`|

1.5 bvg †_‡K aŸwb

wkLbdj: 3.2.5 kã †_‡K aŸwb Avjv`v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.2.6 GKB iKg aŸwb kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.2.7 GKB iKg aŸwb eënvi K‡i wfbœ wfbœ kã •_wi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|



c×wZ :

• bvg †_‡K aŸwb kbv³ Kivi †Ljvq wkÿK cÖ_‡g wb‡Ri bvg e‡j bvgwU †Kvb aŸwb w`‡q ïiæ n‡q‡Q

Zv wkï‡ì ej‡eb|

• Gici mevB‡K Zv‡ì bvg e‡j †Kvb aŸwb w`‡q Zv‡ì bvg ïiæ n‡q‡Q Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK

mevi bv‡gi aŸwb ïb‡e| eyj n‡j ïa‡i w`‡eb|

• Gici wkï‡ì Kvi Kvi bvg GKB aŸwb w`‡q ïiæ n‡q‡Q Zv Lyu‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb| †hgb-

ÔwjwcÕ I ÔwjgbÕ ïiæ n‡q‡Q wj w`‡q| Gfv‡e wKQzÿY †LjvwU †Lj‡eb|

• Gevi wkÿK wb‡Ri bv‡gi aŸwb w`‡q Avi Kx Kx kã nq Zvi 2/1wU D`vniY w`‡eb| Abyi~cfv‡e

wkï‡ì‡KI Zv‡ì bv‡gi cÖ_g aŸwb w`‡q bZzb kã ej‡Z ej‡eb|

1.6 aŸwbi PP©v aŸwb w`‡q kã evbv‡bv

wkLbdj: 3.2.6. GKB iKg aŸwb kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.2.7. GKB iKg aŸwb eënvi K‡i wfbœ wfbœ kã •Zwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|


c×wZ :

• evsjv eY©gvjvi aŸwb¸‡jvi mv‡_ wkÿK wkï‡ì cwiPq Kiv‡eb| GRb¨ wkÿK wb‡R †h‡Kv‡bv

GKwU aŸwb DPviY Ki‡eb| †hgb-K&| aŸwbwU wkï‡ì w`‡qI K‡qKevi DPviY Kiv‡eb|

• GB aŸwb w`‡q Kx Kx kã nq Zv wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K ïb‡eb| †hgb- Kjv, Kjg, Kjm BZ¨vw`|

cÖ‡qvR‡b wb‡R K‡qKwU D`vniY w`‡q eywS‡q w`‡eb| wkïiv hLb kã ej‡e ZLb Zviv k‡ãi †k‡l

K-hy³ kã ej‡Z cv‡i (eK), K Gi mv‡_ Ab¨ ¯iaŸwb wgwj‡q ej‡Z cv‡i (KvK, wKbviv)|

G¸‡jvI K-aŸwbhy³ kã| Gfv‡e aŸwb I aŸwb w`‡q kã evbv‡bv PvP©v Kiv‡eb|

• wkÿK cÖ‡qvRbg‡Zv eY©gvjvi wewfbœ aŸwb w`‡q GB KvRwU Kiv‡eb| me aŸwb wb‡q KvRwU Kivi

cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ †h wkïiv G mgq eY©gvjv m¤ú‡K© wKQzB Rvb‡e bv| wkÿK ïaygvÎ aŸwb wb‡q KvR Ki‡eb|

eY© ev eY©gvjv m¤úwK©Z †Kvb Av‡jvPbvq hv‡eb bv|

1.7 kã w`‡q evK¨ •Zwi

wkLbdj: 3.2.4. GKB iKg kã eënvi K‡i wewfbœ evK¨ •Zwi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.1.11. bZzb cwiwPZ kã w`‡q evK¨ ej‡Z cvi‡e|

6.1.1 Pvicv‡ki Pvicv‡ki wewfbœ Dcv`vb (†hgb: dzj, dj, gvQ, cvwL, cï, m~h©, Puv`,

MvQ, hvbevnb, gvwU, cvwb BZ¨vw`) wPb‡Z I bvg ej‡Z cvi‡e|


wkÿK mnvwqKv 104

c×wZ :

• wkï‡ì cwiwPZ wewfbœ mnR kã w`‡q gy‡L gy‡L evK¨ •Zwi PP©v Kiv‡eb| †hgb- Avg, eB, cvwb,

ej, Miæ, gvQ Ni, †b․Kv, cvwL, dzj BZ¨vw`|

• GRb¨ cÖ_‡g kãwU ¯úó K‡i DPviY Ki‡eb¨| †hgb- Avg| mv‡_ mv‡_ wkï‡ìI kãwU DPviY

Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi kãwU eënvi K‡i wkÿK Ggb wKQz K_v wkï‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ ej‡eb| †hLv‡b cÖwZwU ev‡K¨ Avg

kãwU _v‡K| †hgb- Avg †L‡Z Lye gRv| Avg mvaviYZ MigKv‡j cvIqv hvq| Avgv‡ì evwo‡Z

bvbv ai‡bi Avg MvQ Av‡Q| Gme Mv‡Q bvbv iKg Avg nq, †hgb- †jsov Avg, dRwj Avg,

wngmvMi BZ¨vw`|

• Gevi wkï‡ì‡K Avg wb‡q K_v ej‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• Gevi wkÿK Avg wb‡q GKwU evK¨ ej‡eb| Gici wkï‡ì‡KI Avg w`‡q GKwU K‡i evK¨ ej‡Z

ej‡eb| fzj n‡j ïa‡i w`‡eb, cÖ‡qvR‡b evK¨ •Zwi‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

1.8 avivevwnK Mí ejv

wkLbdj: 3.1.12.Am¤ú~Y© Mí wb‡R m¤ú~Y© K‡i ej‡Z cvi‡e|

5.2.1. `‡j avivevwnK Mí •Zwi Ki‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e|


c×wZ :

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb| mevB‡K ej‡eb, ÔAvgiv mevB wg‡j AvR GKwU Mí •Zwi

Kie| cÖ_‡g Avwg Mí ejv ïiæ Kie| Zvici †h RvqMvq Avwg †_‡g hve, †mLvb †_‡K Avgvi

c‡ii Rb ïiæ Ki‡e| Gfv‡e GK G‡K mevB wg‡j MíwU Pvwj‡q hv‡e|Õ

• Gevi wkÿK gRv K‡i GKwU Mëc ejv ïiæ Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î MíwU wkÿK wb‡RB •_wi K‡i ej‡Z

cv‡ib ev Zvi Rvbv †Kvb Mí ej‡Z cv‡ib| (†hgb- GKwU †Wvevi cv‡k _vK‡Zv GKwU e¨vO| Zvi

wQj GKwU Qvbv| Qvbvi bvg †e› y| gv Avi Qvbv yR‡b wg‡j mvivw`b Wv‡K- N¨vOi N¨vOi N¨vO

[wkï‡ì‡K mv‡_ wb‡q ej‡eb N¨vOi N¨vOi N¨vO...]| nVvr GKw`b †e› y †Mj nvwi‡q|...

• Gevi wkï‡ì G‡K G‡K MíwU Pvwj‡q †h‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq Drmvn w`‡eb| KviI ej‡Z Amyweav n‡j

mnvqZv Ki‡eb| MíwU †Kv_vI †_‡g †M‡j wkÿK wb‡R †PB‡b AskMÖnY K‡i MíwU‡Z bZzb †gvo

ev AvKl©Y †hvM Ki‡eb| Gfv‡e wkïiv hZÿY Avb›` cvq ZZÿY ch©šÍ wkÿK KvRwU Ki‡eb|

2. cov

covi `ÿZv Ggb GKwU †g․wjK `ÿZv hv eënvi K‡i wkïiv we`¨vj‡q mKj wel‡qi wkLb-wkÿY

cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i| GB `ÿZvwU mdjfv‡e AR©b Kivi †cQ‡b Zvi cieZ©x wkÿv

Rxe‡bi mvdj¨ A‡bKvs‡kB wb©fi K‡i| Z‡e cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡qi wkï‡ì Rb¨ covi KvRwU n‡Z

n‡e Avb›``vqK, fxwZnxb Ges G‡Kev‡iB eq‡mvc‡hvMx| †mRb¨ gRvi gRvi M‡íi eB wkï‡ì

ai‡Z, †b‡o‡P‡o †`L‡Z I co‡Z w`‡Z n‡e| Avi AvbyôvwbKfv‡e eY©gvjvi mv‡_ cwiP‡qi KvRwU

GB †kÖwY‡Z ïiæ n‡jI Zv n‡e A‡bK¸‡jv wkï-evÜe Kv‡Ri †fZi w`‡q, †h¸‡jv‡K cÖvK-cVb

KvR ejv nq| cÖvK-cVb KvR wn‡m‡e wkÿK wb‡Pi KvR¸‡iv Ki‡eb|


2.1 Qwei Mí cov

Qwei Mí covi Kv‡Ri g~j jÿ¨ n‡jv wkï‡ì‡K GKwU Qwe fv‡jvfv‡e ch©‡eÿY Kiv I Qwei †fZ‡ii wewfbœ

Dcv`vb/Ask kbv³ Kivi `ÿZv AR©Y Kiv‡bv| GRb¨ Avgvi eB‡qi 15 †_‡K 24 c„ôvq wKQz Qwe †Ìqv

Av‡Q| cÖ_‡g GKK Qwe, Zvici ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³ GKvwaK Qwe i‡q‡Q| GKK Qwe covi ci wkïiæ GKvwaK

ci¯úi m¤úK©hy³ Qwe covi KvR Ki‡e|

wkLbdj: 3.2.11. Qwe/wPÎwfwËK avivevwnK Kvwnwb ev Mí ej‡Z (co‡Z) cvi‡e|r

3.1.6 cwiwPZ e ‧, Qwe ev „k¨cU m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB

c×wZ :

• wkÿK cÖ_‡g wkï‡ì 4wU †QvU `‡j em‡Z ej‡eb|

• Zvici Avgvi eB‡qi wbw ©ó c„ôv (c„ôv 16-17) Lyj‡Z ej‡eb| QwewU/Qwe¸‡jv fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z

ej‡eb I Qwe‡Z Kx Kx Av‡Q Zv wb‡q `‡j Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e wkïi gv‡S Qwe

covi/†evSvi `ÿZv •Zwi n‡e|

• Qwe‡Z M‡íi †ÿ‡Î (c„ôv 18-20 I 21-24) wkïiv Qwe †`‡L NUbv ci¤úiv †evSvi †Póv Ki‡e

Ges Qwe¸‡jv w`‡q GKwU Mí •Zwi Kivi †Póv Ki‡e| Mí¸‡jv n‡jv-nuvm I gyiwM Ges Bu`yi Qvbvi

†jR|

• Gici wkÿK wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K MíwU ïb‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| A‡bK mgq wkïiv

MíwU g~j M‡íi †_‡K wfbœfv‡eI ej‡Z cv‡i| wkÿK GB wfbœZv‡K euvavMÖ Í bv K‡i eis DrmvwnZ

Ki‡eb|

2.2 bvg cov

wkLbdj: 3.2.13. wb‡Ri †jLv bvg wPb‡Z cvi‡e|

3.3.5 wb‡Ri bvg †`‡L wjL‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: mv`v KvMR I Kjg|

c×wZ :

• bvg KvW© evbv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿK GKwU c„ôv‡K 4 fvM K‡i wQu‡o cÖ‡qvRbxq msL¨K KvW© evwb‡q

wb‡eb| KvW©¸‡jv‡Z GKwU K‡i wkïi bvg wj‡L cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi bvg KvW© •Zwi Ki‡eb|

• ciw`b †kÖwY‡Z G‡m GK GK K‡i wkï‡K bvg a‡i mvg‡b WvK‡eb, Zvi bv‡gi KvW©wU †ev‡W© a‡i

bvgwU ¯úó K‡i ax‡i ax‡i Av½yj wb‡ ©k K‡i c‡o †kvbv‡eb (k-ix-dv) Ges Zvici Zvi bv‡gi

KvW©wU Zv‡K †`‡eb|

• me wkï‡K Zv‡ì bvg KvW© †Ìqvi ci ej‡eb, Ô†Zvgiv mevB fv‡jv K‡i hvi hvi bv‡gi KvW©wU

†`L Ges bvgwU †`‡L †`‡L wbR wbR LvZvq †jLvi PP©v Ki|Õ Gfv‡e wKQzw`b wkïiv wbR wbR bvg

†jLvi PP©v Ki‡e| wkÿK cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb|

jÿYxq †h, wkïiv Zv‡ì bvgwU G‡ÿ‡Î Qwe wn‡m‡e †`L‡e I AuvK‡e, †Kbbv meai‡bi eY© I KviwP‡ýi

mv‡_ GL‡bv Zviv cwiwPZ bq|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 106

• wKQzw`b ci wkÿK mK‡ji bv‡gi KvW© GKmv‡_ K‡i †Uwe‡j wewQ‡q ivL‡eb Ges GKRb GKRb

K‡i wkï‡K Zvi bv‡gi KvW©wU †e‡Q wb‡Z ej‡eb| bv cvi‡j mnvqZv Ki‡eb| Gfv‡e ax‡i ax‡i

wkïiv Zv‡ì bvg wPb‡Z wkL‡e|

2.3 †`‡L cv_©K¨ †ei Kiv

evsjv eY©gvjvi wKQz wKQz e‡Y©i AvKvi-AvK…wZi cv_©K¨ LyeB m~²| †hgb- e I i| eY© †kLvi Av‡M GB ai‡bi

cv_©K¨¸‡jv wkï‡ì eyS‡Z n‡e| GB w`K we‡ePbv K‡i †`L‡Z cÖvq GKB iKg Qwe, eY© I k‡ãi cv_©K¨ †ei

Kivi wKQz KvR Avgvi eB‡q ivLv n‡q‡Q| (c„ôv 26-28)

wkLbdj: 3.2.8. aŸwbi cÖZxK (eY©) kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

3.2.9. kã †_‡K eY© kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB

c×wZ :

• KvRwU Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖ_‡g GKB ai‡bi wKQz Qwe ev wPý wkÿK †ev‡W© wjL‡eb| †hgb ≠ = ≠

wkï‡ì fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb- me¸‡jv Qwe/wPý GKB iKg wK bv? †Kv‡bv wkï bv-†evaK DËi

w`‡j Zv‡K Ab¨ iKgwU Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Avjv`v †`L‡Z QwewU/wPýwU †Kb Avjv`v wR‡Ám

Ki‡eb| wkïiv Avjv`v †`L‡Z †jLvwU Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z bv cvi‡j Zv‡ì‡K wewfbœ ms‡KZ w`‡q

wkÿK mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb|

• Gici Avgvi eB‡qi 26 I 27 c„ôvq KvRwU wkï‡ì Ki‡Z w`‡eb| cÖ_‡g GKB iKg †`L‡Z Qwe

†_‡K †KvbwU Avjv`v Zv Ly‡R †ei Ki‡e| c‡i Qwei wgj-Awgj †ei Kivi KvR Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• me‡k‡l Avgvi eB‡qi 28 c„ôvi wgj-Awgj †ei Kivi KvR Kiv‡eb| (GLv‡b D‡jøL¨ wkïiv eY© I

k‡ãi Awgj LuyR‡Z wM‡q G¸‡jv‡K Qwe wn‡m‡e †`L‡e eY© ev kã wn‡m‡e bq| ZvB wkÿKI wK

†jLv Av‡Q Zv bv e‡j ïay Awgj †LvRvq g‡bv‡hvMx n‡eb)|

2.4 eY©gvj cwiwPwZ I cVb

evsjv eY©gvjvi mv‡_ wkï‡ì cwiPq Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ ywU PvU© i‡q‡Q- ¯ie‡Y©i PvU© I e¨Äbe‡Y©i PvU©| GQvov

Avgvi eB Ges eY© Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g wkï‡ì e‡Y©i mv‡_ cwiPq Kiv‡bvi Rb¨ wewfbœ KvR i‡q‡Q|


3.2.9. kã †_‡K eY© kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

6.1.1. Pvicv‡ki cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ Dcv`vb (†hgb: dzj, dj, gvQ, cvwL, cï, m~h©, Puv`,

MvQ, hvbevnb, gvwU, cvwb BZ¨vw`) wPb‡Z I bvg ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: ¯ie‡Y©i PvU©, e¨Äbe‡Y©i PvU©, Avgvi eB, eY© KvW©|


c×wZ :

• cÖ_‡g PvU©wU wkÿK †`qv‡j Ggbfv‡e Szjv‡eb hv‡Z mLj wkï fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z cvq|

• PvU© †_‡K wkÿK cÖwZw`b 2wU K‡i eY© cov‡eb| †h ywU eY© cov‡eb †mB e‡Y©i Qwe ywU wb‡q cÖ_‡g

Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e| †hgb- ÔAÕ Gi Rb¨ ARMi I ÔAvÕ Gi Rb¨ Av‡gi Qwe|

• Gevi Qwe 2wUi wb‡P †jLv QovwU wb‡R GKevi c‡o †kvbv‡e, Zvici wkï‡ì wb‡q GKmv‡_ yB-

wZbevi co‡eb| †hgb-AMRi H Avm‡Q †Z‡o, AvgwU Avwg Lve †c‡o|

• Gici ÔARMi H Avm‡Q †Z‡oÕ evK¨ †_‡K ÔARMiÕ kãwU wb‡ ©k K‡i †`Lv‡eb| Zvici ej‡eb

ÔARMiÕ ej‡Z ïiæ‡Z ÔAÕ aŸwbi ìKvi nq| GLv‡b wkÿK aŸwbi Kv‡Ri K_v wkï‡ì g‡b

Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| Gev‡i ÔAÕ aŸwbwUi Qwe wn‡m‡e ÔAÕ †K wkï‡ì gv‡S Dc vcb Ki‡eb| GKBfv‡e

ÔAvÕ e‡Y©i KvR Ki‡eb|

• Pv‡U©i gva¨‡g Abykxj‡bi ci wkï‡ì Avgvi eB‡qi 30-75 c„ôv eënv‡ii gva¨‡g GKwU K‡i eY©

ch©vqµ‡g PP©v Kiv‡eb| G‡ÿ‡ÎI wkÿK cÖ_‡g e‡Y©i wb‡Pi Qwe Abyhvqx †jLv kãwU wkï‡ì

D‡Ïk¨ K‡i ej‡eb I mv‡_ wb‡q co‡eb| Gi ci eY© wb‡ ©k K‡i co‡eb I wkï‡ì co‡Z

ej‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î e©YwU wkï‡ì fvjfv‡e †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨ GLv‡b eY© KvW© I eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• GQvov Avgvi eB‡q eY© cVb QvovI Qwe I kã wgjv‡bv, eY© I kã wgjv‡bv, LvwjNi c~iY BZ¨vw`

bvbv ai‡bi KvR i‡q‡Q| GB KvR¸‡jv Avgvi eB‡q †Ìqv wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx Kiv‡eb|

• K‡qKwU K‡i eY© cwiwPZ Kivi ci Avgvi eB‡q K‡qKwU eY© GKmv‡_ (Qwe I kã Qvov ïay eY©)

Ges †k‡l cy‡iv eY©gvjv (¯ieY© I e¨ÄbeY©) GKmv‡_ †Ìqv Av‡Q| hLY wkïiv K‡qKwU K‡i eY©

wP‡b hv‡e, ZLb Qwe I kã QvovB ïay eY©¸‡jv co‡e|

• me ¯ieY© cov‡bv †k‡l Avgvi eB‡q ¯ie‡Y©i gRvi QovwU wkï‡ì cov‡eb| e¨Äbe‡Y©i Rb¨ I

GKwU gRvi Qov Av‡Q|

• eB‡qi KvR †k‡l PvU© I eY© Kv‡W©i gva¨‡g wkïiv cov‡bv eY©¸‡jv wP‡b/ co‡Z cv‡i wK bv Zv

hvPvB Ki‡eb| †hgb- PvU© †_‡K †Kv‡bv eY© co‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib, †Kv‡bv GKwU eY© KvW© †`wL‡q

eY©wU co‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib, wKQz eY© KvW© G‡jv‡g‡jv K‡i w`‡q mvRv‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib, M‡íi eB ev

Ab¨ †Kvb eB-cwÎKv †_‡K cwiwPZ eY© Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib|

2.5 kã cVb


DcKiY: Avgvi eB

wkÿK mnvwqKv 108

c×wZ :

• Avgvi eB‡qi 76-77 c„ôvq KZ¸‡jv kã †Ìqv Av‡Q| wkÿK H wbw ©ó cvVwU Lyj‡eb Ges

wkgy‡ìI H cvZvwU Lyj‡Z ej‡eb|

• Zvici Qwe †`wL‡q Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb GKwU wK‡mi Qwe| ej‡Z bv cvi‡j wkÿK mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

wkÿ‡Ki mv‡_ mKj wkï 2/3 evi H Qwei bvg ej‡e| †hgb- ej, ej, ej|

• wkÿK Gevi ÔejÕ kãwUi eY© wb‡ ©k K‡i Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb eY©¸‡jv Kx| Zvici evbvb K‡i co‡eb|

†hgb- e+j = ej| wkïivI mv‡_ mv‡_ co‡e|

• Zvici wkïiv wKQzÿY GKv GKv wb‡R co‡e| cov †kl n‡j wkïiv ï×fv‡e co‡Z cv‡i wK bv Zv

wkÿK hvPvB Ki‡eb| GKBfv‡e eB‡Z Ab¨vb¨ †h mKj kã †Ìqv Av‡Q †m¸‡jvI cov‡eb|

• Gici eY© KvW©¸‡jv wkï‡ì w`‡eb| eY©KvW©¸‡jv w`‡q kãwU wkï‡ì evbv‡Z ej‡eb|

• GQvovI eY© KvW©¸‡jv w`‡q wkï‡ì bZzb mnR kã (Kvi wPýwenxb) evbv‡Z ej‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb-

eb, Kg, me, Ue, Kj, Rj, bj, Kjm, big, Mig, eo, Ni, eiB, gb, KZ, hZ, gZ BZ¨vw`| kã

evbv‡bvi ci kãwU wkï‡ì c‡o †kvbv‡Z ej‡eb|

• Avgvi eB‡q 78 †_‡K 81 c„ôvq †h Abykxjb¸‡jv Av‡Q Zv Kiv‡eb|

2.6 cÖZxK cov

eY© cwiwPwZi cvkvcvw_ wkï‡ì‡K wKQz cÖZxK wP‡ýi mv‡_I cwiPq Kiv‡Z n‡e, †hgb- Zxi wPý, †Reªv

µwms/iv Ív cvivcvi, UªvwdK wmMb¨vj, wec¾bK wPý, mvg‡b nvmcvZvj, mvg‡b ¯‥zj BZ¨vw`| GB cÖZxK

wPý¸‡jvi A_© Kx Zv wb‡Pi ZvwjKvq †Ìqv Av‡Q|

wkLbdj: 3.2.14 wewfbœ ms‡KZ/ cÖZxK wPb‡Z/ co‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: mv`v KvMR, Kjg ev is †cwÝj, d¬vm KvW©, Avgvi eB|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK cÖ_‡g mv`v KvM‡R Kjg w`‡q GB cÖZxK wPý¸‡jv Gu‡K cÖZxK wP‡ýi KvW© •Zwi K‡i

wb‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î d¬vm Kv‡W©i cÖZxK wPý I eënvi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|


cÖZxK wPý A_© Kx Ki‡Z n‡e

Zxi wPý w`K wb‡ ©k K‡i| †Kv‡bv RvqMvq †h‡Z n‡j †hw`‡K Zxi

wP‡ýi gyL i‡q‡Q †mw`‡K †h‡Z n‡e|

Gi bvg †Reªv µwms| GLvb w`‡q

iv¯Ív cvivcvi Ki‡Z nq|

iv¯Ív cvi nIqvi mgq memgq †Reªv

µwms w`‡q iv Ív cvi n‡Z nq|

iv¯Ívq Mvwo PjvPj wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z

UªvwdK wmMb¨v‡ji cÖ‡qvRb c‡o|

UªvwdK wmMb¨v‡j wZb i‡Oi evwZ

_v‡K| jvj evwZ R¡j‡j me Mvwo

†_‡g hv‡e, njy` evwZ R¡j‡j Mvwo

Pjvi Rb¨ cÖ ‧Z n‡e, meyR evwZ

R¡j‡j Mvwo Pj‡Z ïiæ Ki‡e|

UªvwdK wmMb¨v‡ji jvj, njy` I meyR

evwZi A_© Abyhvqx iv¯Ívq Mvwo Pvjv‡Z

n‡e I iv Ív cvivcvi n‡Z n‡e|

GB wPý hLb †Kv‡bv wKQz‡Z †Ìqv

_v‡K Zvi gv‡b n‡jv wRwbmwU

wec¾bK Ges GwU †_‡K ~‡i

_vK‡Z n‡e| GwU ai‡j wce` n‡Z

cv‡i|

wec¾bK wPýhy³ †Kv‡bv wRwbm †`L‡j

Zvi †_‡K ~‡i _vK‡Z n‡e|

GB wP‡ýi A_© n‡jv mvg‡b

nvmcvZvj

nvmcvZv‡j †h‡nZz Amy¯ †ivMxiv _v‡Kb,

ZvB †hLv‡b GB wPý _vK‡e †mLv‡b

Mvwoi nb© evRv‡bv ev †Kvjvnj Kiv

DwPZ bq|

GB wP‡ýi A_© n‡jv mvg‡b ¯‥zj| ¯‥z‡j †h‡nZz †QvU †QvU wkïiv Av‡m, ZvB

†hLv‡b GB wPý _vK‡e †mLv‡b Mvwoi

nb© evRv‡bv ev †Kvjvnj Kiv DwPZ bq|

GLv‡b MvwoI ax‡i ax‡i Pvjv‡Z n‡e|

• Gici GKwU cÖZxK wb‡q GKw`b wkÿK wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cÖ_‡g cÖZxK KvW©wU

wkï‡ì‡K †`Lv‡eb, Zvici GB cÖZxKwUi A_© Kx Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| Gici cÖZxKwU †Kv_vI

†`L‡j Kx Ki‡Z n‡e Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• Gici f~wgKvwfb‡qi gva¨‡g cÖZx‡Ki eënvi wkïiv eyS‡jv wK bv Zv hvPvB Ki‡eb| †hgb- UªvwdK

wmMb¨v‡ji †ÿ‡Î wkïiv Mvwo n‡q Pj‡Z _vK‡e Ges wkÿK jvj evwZ †`Lv‡j wkïiv †_‡g hv‡e,

njy` evwZ †`Lv‡j Pjvi Rb¨ cÖ ‧Z n‡e, meyR evwZ †`Lv‡j Pj‡Z ïiæ Ki‡e|

• Gfv‡e GKvwaK wPý cwiPq Kiv‡bvi ci f~wgKvwfb‡q welq¸‡jv wkÿK AšÍf~©³ Ki‡Z _vK‡eb|

†hgb- wKQz wkï‡K Mvwo Pvjv‡bvi Awfbq Ki‡Z ej‡eb, wKQz wkï‡K c_Pvix n‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi

wkÿK GKwU ZxiwPý Mvwo ev c_Pvix‡ì †`Lv‡eb| Mvwo ev c_Pvixiv †mw`‡K Pj‡Z _vK‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 110

jvj evwZ/meyR evwZ †`Lv‡j Zviv wbqk Abyhvqx _vg‡e ev Pj‡e| †Reªv µwms †`L‡j c_Pvixiv

†mLvb w`‡q iv Ív cvi n‡e| mvg‡b ¯‥zj ev mvg‡b nvmcvZvj wPý †`L‡j Mvwo ax‡i ax‡i hv‡e, nb©

evRv‡e bv; c_Pvixiv †Kvjvnj Ki‡e bv BZ¨vw`|

3. †jLv

covi g‡Zv †jLvi `ÿZvI GKwU †g․wjK `ÿZv hv eënvi K‡i wkïiv we`¨vj‡q mKj wel‡qi wkLb- wkÿY

cÖwµqvq AskMÖnY Ki‡e| †jKvi gva¨‡gB wkï cieZ©x‡Z Zvi wPšÍv-†PZbv I wkLb‡K cÖKvk Ki‡e| ZvB GB

`ÿZvwU fv‡jvfv‡e AR©b Kiv AZ¨šÍ Riæwi| Z‡e cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q †jLvi KvRwU ïiæ n‡e B‡Qg‡Zv

AuvKv, wnwRwewR A7vKv w`‡q| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i c¨vUvb© I eY©vsk AuvKvi ga¨ w`‡q wkïiv me©‡k‡l eY© †jLvi

KvR Ki‡e| mwVK Ges my× AvKv‡i eY© †jLv †hgb wkïiv wkL‡e, †Zgwb wkïiv GI Rvb‡e †h †jLvi

(cÖv_wgKfv‡e AuvKvi) KvRwU g~j_ Kiv nq †Kvb wPšÍv ev fve‡K cÖKvk Kiv I Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ Zv †hvMv‡hvM

Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨| ZvB †h‡Kvb †jLvi KvR wkïi Rb¨ n‡Z n‡e Avb›``vqK I A_©c~Y©| wkÿKI yB w`‡KB

mgvb ¸iæZ¡ w`‡eb-mwVKfv‡e wjL‡Z cvivi Rb¨ wkïi m~² †cwki weKvk NUv‡bv, Gi cvkvcvwk A_©c~Y©

†hvMv‡hv‡Mi Rb¨ wkïiv wPšÍb `ÿZvi weKvk NUv‡bv|

3.1 B‡”Qg‡Zv AuvKv

wkLbdj: 3.3.1 B‡Qg‡Zv AuvwKeywK Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

1.2.1 †cwÝj mvc©bvi, ivevi, Zzwj, PK BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e ai‡Z cvi‡e|

3.3.3 B‡Qg‡Zv Qwe AuvK‡Z I is Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: KvMR/LvZv, †cwÝj, †µqb, G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì †jLvi `ÿZv weKv‡ki cÖv_wgK avc wn‡m‡e wkï‡ì B‡Qg‡Zv AuvK‡Z w`‡eb| Gi gva¨‡g

Zv‡ì wVKfv‡e †cwÝj aivi `ÿZv †hgb evo‡e, †Zgwb Zv‡ì gy³wPšÍv Kivi `ÿZvI evo‡e|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv I †cwÝj w`‡eb| wkïiv G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvi 1-14

c„ôvq B‡Qg‡Zv Qwe AuvK‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î wkÿK †Lqvj ivL‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv ¯vaxbfv‡e bZzb bZzb

AuvKvi welq wbe©vPb Ki‡Z cv‡i, LvZvi cvZv e‡i A7v‡K Ges wVqKfv‡e †cwÝj ai‡Z cv‡i| G

cÖwµqvq wkÿK wkï‡ì cÖ‡qvRbxq mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb| hw` wkï B‡Qg‡Zv A7vKvi welq wb‡R

wb‡R wbe©vPb Ki‡Z bv cv‡i, Z‡e Zv‡K †QvU †QvU civgk© w`‡Z cv‡ib, †hgb- Zzwg dzj AuvK‡Z

cvi, cvwL AuvK‡Z cvi, †Zvgvi ¯‥zj ev evwoi Qwe AuvK‡Z cvi BZ¨vw`|

g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e dzj-cvwL BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e AuvKv g~j jÿ¨ bq, g~j jÿ¨ n‡jv wkï‡ì Zv‡ì B‡Qg‡Zv

AuvK‡Z mnvq_v Kiv|

• wKQzw`b ci wkï‡ì LvZv, †cwÝ‡ji m‡½ is I w`‡eb| wkïiv LvZvq B‡Qg‡Zv Qwe AuvK‡e I is

Ki‡e|


• wkï Qwe AuvKvi ci wkÿK QwewU †`L‡eb, Qwe m¤ú‡K© cÖkœ Ki‡eb (†hgb - Zzwg wK Gu‡K‡Qv?),

Zvici wkï‡K QwewUi GKwU bvg w`‡Z ej‡eb, wkÿK bvgwU Qwei wb‡P wj‡L w`‡eb| ch©vqµ‡g

mKj wkïi Qwe †`‡L Qwei bvg †`qvi KvRwU wbwðZ Ki‡eb (GKw`‡b bq)|

• ax‡i ax‡i Qwei bvg †`qv I †jLvi KvRwU wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| GLv‡b

D‡jøL¨ †h, wkï Zvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i Qwei bvg w`‡e I AuvwKeywK K‡i wjL‡e, wkÿK G cÖwµqv‡K

DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

3.2 †hgb Av‡Q †Zgb AuvwK (c¨vUvb© AuvKv)

wkïi nv‡Zi RoZv KvUv‡bvi Rb¨ wkÿK wkï‡ì c¨vUvb© AuvKvi PP©v Kiv‡eb| mnR wKQz c¨vUvb© w`‡q ïiæ

K‡i wkïiv µ‡g eY©vsk †jKvi c¨vUv‡b©i w`‡K AMÖmi n‡e| GRb¨ †gvU 20 ai‡bi c¨vUvb© G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL

LvZvq †Ìqv n‡q‡Q|

wkLbdj: 3.3.2 c¨vUvb©/ AvK…wZ AuvK‡Z cvi‡e|

1.2.1 †cwÝj, mvc©bvi, ivevi, Zzwj, PK BZ¨vw` mwVKfv‡e ai‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: †cwÝj, G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv|

c×wZ :

• wkÿK G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvi 15.34 c„ôvq †`qv Ô†hgb Av‡Q †Zgb AuvwKÕ †_‡K 1wU K‡i c¨vUvb©

†ev‡W© Gu‡K †`Lv‡eb| wkïiv Zv‡ì G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvq wbw ©ó c¨vUvb©wU AuvK‡e| wkïiv

wVKg‡Zv AuvK‡Z cvi‡Q wK bv Zv wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b mn‡hvMxZv Ki‡eb|

• Gfv‡e wkïiv cÖwZw`b 2wU K‡i c¨vUvb© AuvK‡e|

3.3 eY©vsk wjLb

wkLbdj: 3.3.2 c¨vUvb©/AvK…wZ AuvK‡Z cvi‡e|


3.3.6 aŸwbi cÖZxK (eY©) wjL‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY : G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, †cwÝj|

c×wZ :

• ÔeY©vsk †_‡K eY©Õ †jKvi Rb¨ G‡mv wjK‡Z wkwL LvZvq 35-74 c„ôvq Abykxjb i‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv

PP©v Kivi gva¨‡g wkïiv eY© †jLvi Rb¨ cÖ ‧Z n‡q DV‡e|

• †hw`Mb †h c„ôv Kiv‡bv n‡e wkÿK wkï‡ì †mB c„ôvwU Lyj‡Z ej‡eb Ges bv cvi‡j wkï‡ì

mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

• cÖwZwU c„ôvq eY© †jLvi K‡qKwU avc i‡q‡Q| wkÿK avç‡jv †ev‡W© Gu‡K †`Lv‡eb Ges Kxfv‡e

AuvK‡Z n‡e Zv wkï‡ì eywS‡q w`‡eb| wkÿK‡K AbymiY K‡i wkïiv LvZvq AuvK‡e| eY© wjLvi

cÖwZwU avc wkïiv Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 112

• wkïiv wVKg‡Zv nvZ Nyiv‡Q wK bv Zv wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g me¸‡jv c„ôv wkï‡ì

w`‡q AuvKv‡eb|

3.4 eY© wjLb

wkLbdj: 3.3.6 aŸwbi cÖZxK (eY©) wjL‡Z cvi‡e|


DcKiY: †cwÝj, G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv|

c×wZ :

• wkÿK †Kv‡bv GKwU eY© cov‡bv †k‡l †m eY© wkï‡ì w`‡q †jLv‡eb| wkÿK cÖ_‡g eY©wU eo I

¯úó K‡i †ev‡W© wjL‡eb, wkïiv †`L‡e|

• ch©vqµ‡g K‡qKRb wkï †ev‡W© G‡m eY©wU wjL‡e, Ab¨vbïv †`L‡e|

• Gici me wkï G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvi mswkøó c„ôvq eY©wU wjL‡e| wkÿK Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb| jÿ

ivL‡Z n‡e wkïiv hv‡Z mwVKfv‡e LvZv I †cwÝj a‡i wj‡L| cÖ‡qvR‡b nvZ a‡i †`wL‡q w`‡eb|

me wkï eY©wU wjL‡Z cv‡i wK bv Zv wkÿK wbwðZ Ki‡eb| G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZvi 75-141

c„ôvi wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx wkïiv c„ôv f‡i wbw ©ó eY©wU wjL‡e|

• Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g me¸‡jv eY© †jLv Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

3.5 kã wjLb

wkLbdj: 3.3.7 yB ev wZb e‡Y©i cwiwPZ mij kã wjL‡Z cvi‡e|


DcKiY: G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL LvZv, Abykxjb LvZv, †cwÝj, Avgvi eB|

c×wZ :

• wkÿK Avgvi eB Gi 76 I 77c„ôvi kã cV‡bi KvR †k‡l wjL‡bi KvRwU Kiv‡eb| wkÿK cÖ_‡g

kãwU eo I ¯úó K‡i †ev‡W© wjL‡eb, wkïiv evbvb K‡i co‡e|

• ch©vqµ‡g K‡qKRb wkï †ev‡W© G‡m kãwU wjL‡e, Ab¨vbïv †`L‡e|

• Gici me wkï G‡mv wjL‡Z wkwL (c„ôv bs- 142-144) Ges Abykxjb LvZvq kãwU wjL‡e| wkÿK

Ny‡i Ny‡i †`L‡eb Ges mevB wj‡L‡Q wK bv Zv wkÿK wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

• Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g me¸‡jv kã †jLv‡eb|

• GQvov Avgvi eB Gi 78-81 c„ôvq wKQz kã †jLvi KvR i‡q‡Q| GB KvR¸‡jv Avgvi eB‡q †Ìhv

wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx Kiv‡eb|

• GQvovI Kvi wPý Qvov wewfbœ k‡ã wkï‡ì w`‡q †jLvi Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb- eb,

Kg, he, Ue, Kj, Rj, bj, big, Mig, eo BZ¨vw`|


MwY‡Zi KvR

cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv

msL¨vi aviYv

†hv‡Mi aviYv

we‡qv‡Mi aviYv

wkÿK mnvwqKv 114

K) cÖvK-MvwYwZK aviYv

wkLbdj: 4.1.1 Wvb-evg, †QvU-eo, Kg-†ewk, j¤v-Lv‡Uv, †gvU-wPKb, fvwi-nvjKv wPwýZ Ki‡Z

cvi‡e|

4.1.2 evwni-wfZi, Dci-wbP, mvg‡b-wcQ‡b, DuPz-wbPz, Kv‡Q- ~‡i wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

4.1.3 wewfbœ AvKvi-AvK…wZ (eo, †QvU, gvSvwi) †QvU †_‡K eo ev eo †_‡K †QvU mvRv‡Z

cvi‡e|

4.1.4 is, AvKvi-AvK…wZ (†Mvj, wZb‡KvYv, Pvi‡KvYv) Abyhvqx wewfbœ e¯‧ †kÖwYKiY Ki‡Z

cvi‡e|

4.1.5 ev¯Íe DcKiY e¨fnvi K‡i Abygvb I cwigvc Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

4.1.6 ev¯Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i eÈb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

1. welqe¯‘: Wvb-evg


c×wZ :

• wkïiv †h nvZ w`‡q fvZ Lvq †m nvZ Zz‡j †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb|

• GKRb wkï‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb †m †h nvZ Zz‡j‡Q †mwU †Kvb nvZ| †m bv cvi‡j Ab¨‡ì wR‡Ám

Ki‡eb|

• Gevi K¬v‡mi mKj wkï‡K †Mvj n‡q uvov‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì Wvb ej‡j Wvb nvZ I evg ej‡j

evg nvZ DuPz Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e 8 †_‡K 10 evi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| wkï‡ì w`‡qI GKB

cÖwµqvq AbykxjbwU cwiPvjbv Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e G‡ÿ‡Î jÿ¨ Ki‡eb †KD Wvb ej‡j evg

nvZ ev evg ej‡j Wvb nvZ Zz‡j wKbv| †m‡ÿ‡Î wkï‡ì mwVK nvZ DuPz Ki‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb|

• yBRb yBRb K‡i wkï‡K gy‡LvgywL uvov‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb, Zvi mvg‡b uvov‡bv

eÜzwUi Wvb nvZ I evg nvZ †KvbwU| mvg‡b uvov‡bv eÜzi Wvb I evg nvZ †KvbwU, G wel‡q

cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki aviYv cwi®‥vi nIqvi ci, Wvb ej‡j mvg‡bi eÜzi Wvb nvZ I evg ej‡j evg nvZ ai‡Z

ej‡eb| Gf‡e 8 †_‡K 10 evi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| wkï‡ì w`‡qI GKB cÖwµqvq AbykxjbwU

cwiPvjbv Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• wkïi w`K cwieZ©‡b Wvb I evg cwieZ©‡bi welqwU eY©bv Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi Kvh©µgwU

cwiPvjbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i-

• yBRb wkï‡K cvkvcvwk uvov‡Z ej‡eb| †h‡Kv‡bv GKRb wkï‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb- Zvi

eÜzwU Zvi †Kvb cv‡k uvwo‡q Av‡Q| Gevi H wkï‡K D‡ë Ny‡i uvov‡Z ej‡eb| Avevi

wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zvi eÜzwU GLb Zvi †Kvb cv‡k uvwo‡q Av‡Q| Gfv‡e wkï‡ì w`K

cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y evg I Wvb cvk cwieZ©‡bi welqwU Dc vcb Ki‡eb| GKBfv‡e Ab¨

wkï‡ì w`‡qI Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

g~j¨vqb : Abykxjb cÖwµqvq wkï‡ì AskMÖnY ch©‡eÿY K‡i wkLb AMÖMwZ hvPvB Ki‡eb|


2. welqe¯‘ : †gvUv-wPK‡bi aviYv

DcKiY : Avgvi eB, ¯vbxqfv‡e msM„nxZ DcKiY- †gvU I wPKb Zvi, `wo, †evZj BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ :

• wkï‡ì mvg‡b yBwU K‡i wewfbœ Dcv`vb †hgb- Zvi, `wo, †evZj (†gvUv I wPKb) Avjv`v

Avjv`vfv‡e †`wL‡q wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †KvbwU †gvUv I †KvbwU wPKb|

• wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q uvov‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZevi yBRb K‡i wkï‡K gvSLv‡b †W‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †K

†gvUv I †K wPKb| Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K eënvi K‡i †gvUv-wPK‡bi aviYvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

• Avgvi eB Gi 97-98 c„ôvi wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx wkï‡ì wPÎ¸‡jv is Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

g~j¨vqb: `jxq Kv‡R AskMÖnY ch©‡eÿY I Avgvi eB hvPvB K‡i wkï‡ì g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq

djveZ©b cÖ`vb K‡i cÖwZwU wkïi wkLbdj AR©Y wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

3. welqe¯‘: fwi-nvjKv

DcKiY : †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ Dcv`vb, B‡Ui UzKiv, cv_i BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ :

• wkï‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB wb‡Ri GKwU eB I GKwU †cwÝj yB nv‡Z wb‡Z ej‡eb| cÖkœ Ki‡eb eBwU

nvjKv bv †cwÝjwU nvjKv| wkï‡ì DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K fvwi I nvjKv Gi aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

• †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY/ Dcv`vb Zzjbv K‡i wkï‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

• †Rvqvo-†Rvovq ev `‡j-`‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿi ev we`¨vj‡qi wewfbœ wRwb‡mi g‡a¨ nvjKv-fvwi e¯‧i g‡a¨

Zzjbv Kivi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• AvKv‡i eo wKš‧ nvjKv ¦s AvKv‡i †QvU wKš‧ fvwi e¯‧i g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡Z w`b †hgb- dzjv‡bv †ejyb-

†QvU cv_i, Zzjv-eB, cøvw÷‡Ki Møvm-Kuv‡Pi Møvm BZ¨vw`|

g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì AskMÖnY ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i wkï‡ì g~j¨vqb Kiv‡eb|

4. welqe¯‘: Kg-†ewk

DcKiY : cv_i, wewP, Kv‡Vi UzKiv, GKwU †cqviv I GKwU Kjvi wPÎ|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb| Gici †g‡Si Dci GKRvqnMvq wKQz Kg cwigvb wewP/

cv_i Ges Ab¨ RvqMvq †ewk cwigv‡Y wewP/ cv_i ivL‡eb Ges wkï‡ì‡K †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb †Kv_vq

Kg ev †ewk cwigvb wewP/ cv_i Av‡Q| wkïiv ej‡Z cvi‡j wkÿK ej‡eb AvR‡K Avgiv Kg ev

†ewk wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev| Gfv‡e yB wZb ai‡bi ev¯Íe DcKiY e¨fnvi K‡i wkï‡ì Kg-†ewki

aviYv w`‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 116

• wkï‡ì GKwU †cqviv I GKwU Kjvi wPÎ †`Lv‡eb| †cqviv I Kjvi wPÎ yBwU †`qv‡j ev PK

†ev‡W© AvVv w`‡q cvkvcvwk jvwM‡q w`b| Gevi hviv †cqviv cQ›` K‡i Zv‡ì †cqvivi wPÎ Ges

hviv Kjv cQ›` K‡i Zv‡ì Kjv eivei jvBb K‡i uvov‡Z ej‡eb| jvBb ch©‡eÿY K‡i †Kvb dj

†ewk wkï cQ›` K‡i Avi †Kvb dj Kg wkï cQ›` K‡i Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb| Gi gva¨‡g Kg-†ewki

aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

• PK‡ev‡W©i mvnv‡h¨ Kg dzj- †ewk dzj, Kg cvZv- †ewk cvZv, Kg cvwLÑ †ewk cvwL, Kg dj- †ewk

dj BZ¨vw` †`wL‡q Kg wRwb‡mi Ici †Mvj `vM Ges †ewk wRwb‡mi Ici wUK wPý w`‡Z ej‡eb|

g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ KvR ch©‡eÿY Ges †Mvj `vM I wUK wP‡ýi mwVKZv hvPvB K‡i g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb Ges h_vh_

†ÿ‡Î djveZ©b cÖ`vb K‡i wkïi wkLb AR©b wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

5. welqe¯‘: j¤^v-Lv‡Uv

DcKiY: Avgvi eB, yBwU jvwV (j¤v GeO Lv‡Uv), †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY|

c×wZ :

• GKwU j¤v jvwV Ges GKwU Lv‡Uv jvwV †`wL‡q Gi g‡a¨ †KvbwU j¤v Ges †KvbwU Lv‡Uv ej‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K GKwU j¤v I GKwU Lv‡Uv wRwb‡mi wPÎ w`‡q †KvbwU j¤v †KvbwU Lv‡Uv Zv wPýZ

Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q uvov‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZevi yBRb K‡i wkï‡K gvSLv‡b †W‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †K

j¤v I †K Lv‡Uv| Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K eënvi K‡i j¤v I Lv‡Uvi aviYvi Abykxjb Ki‡eb|

Avevi GKB wkï‡K yBRb wfbœ wkïi cv‡k uvo Kiv‡eb †hLv‡b GKR‡bi Zzjbvq j¤v I Aci

R‡bi Zzjbvq Lv‡Uv nq|

• †Rvovq †Rvovq ev `‡j `‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿi ev we`¨vj‡qi wewfbœ wRwb‡mi g‡a¨ j¤v-Lv‡Uv e ‧i g‡a¨

Zzjbv Kivi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek †_‡K †gvUv wKš‧ Lv‡Uv Ges wPKb wKš‧ j¤v e ‧i g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡Z w`b|

• Avgvi eB Gi 99-100 c„ôvi wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx wkï‡ì wPÎ¸‡jv is Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g gva¨‡g wkïiv mwVKfv‡e Lv‡Uv-j¤v wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i Ges

Avgvi eB‡qi KvR g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb I cÖ‡qvRbxq djveZ©b cÖ`vb K‡i mKj wkïi wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

6. welqe¯‘ : †QvU-eo

DcKiY : Avgvi eB, wewfbœ †QvU-eo AvK…wZi cvZv, dzj, cv_i, Kv‡Vi UzKiv, K¬vm iæ‡gi Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY|

c×wZ :

• wkÿK Av‡kcv‡ki cwi‡ek A_ev †kÖwYKÿ †_‡K †QvU-eo AvK…wZi cvZv, dzj, cv_i, Kv‡Vi UzKiv,

eB BZ¨vw` wb‡q Avm‡eb| wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q e‡m †QvU Ges eo DcKiY¸‡jv wkï‡ì

†`Lv‡eb Ges †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb †KvbUv QvU Ges †KvbUv eo| wkï‡ì w`‡qI ev Íe DcKiY e¨fnvi

K‡i eo-†QvU mgm¨v •Zwi Kiv‡Z cv‡ib|


• wkï‡ì g‡a¨ eo I †QvU wbY©q Kivi cÖwZ‡hvwMZv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• wkÿK PK †ev‡W© †QvU eo wewfbœ ai‡bi Qwe Gu‡K wkï‡ì cÖkœ K‡i †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb †KvbwU

eo, †KvbwU †QvU|

• Avgvi eB Gi 101-102 c„ôvi wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx wkï‡ì †QvU-eo wPÎ¸‡jv is Kiv‡eb|

g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g gva¨‡g wkïiv mwVKfv‡e †QvU-eo wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB Ges Avgvi

eB Gi KvR g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvRbxq djveZ©b cÖ`vb K‡i mKj wkïi wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

7. welqe¯‘ : evwni-wfZi

DcKiY : †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY|

c×wZ :

• †kªwYK‡ÿi gvSvgvwS GKwU †Mvj e„Ë AuvK‡eb| wkï‡ì e„‡Ëi Pviw`‡K uvov‡Z ej‡eb| wKQz e ‧

e„‡Ëi evB‡i I wKQz e¯‧ e„‡Ëi wfZ‡i ivL‡eb| e„‡Ëi wfZ‡i ev evB‡i ivLv †h †Kv‡bv e ‧i bvg

e‡j wkï‡ì we‡Ám Ki‡eb Zv e„‡Ëi wfZ‡i ev evB‡i Aew¯Z|

• wkï‡ì 5/6wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì w`‡q `j Abyhvqx e„Ë •Zwi Ki‡eb| †kÖwYK‡ÿi ev

we`¨vj‡qi wewfbœ Dcv`vb cÖwZwU †Mvj e„‡Ëi wfZ‡i ev evB‡i ivL‡eb| Dc‡i DwjøwLZ †LjvwU

wkï‡ì w`‡q cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

• GKB ai‡bi †Ljv e„‡Ëi e`‡j †Svjv, e¨vM, ev·, Ni BZ¨vw` w`‡q †Ljv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• †kÖwYKÿ ev we`¨vj‡qi gv‡V wkï‡ì w`‡q †Mvj e„Ë AuvK‡eb| mKj‡K e„‡Ëi Pviw`‡K †Mvj n‡q

uvov‡Z ej‡eb| e„‡Ëi †K‡› ª uvov‡eb| wkï‡ì ej‡eb- Avcwb wfZi ej‡j jvd w`‡q wfZ‡i

Ges evB‡i ej‡j jvd w`‡q evB‡i †ei n‡e| †LjvwU K‡qKevi wkÿ‡Ki †bZ…‡Z¡ †Ljvi ci wkï‡ì

w`‡q cwiPvjbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

g~j¨vqb : wewfbœ GKwUwfwU I †Ljvq wkï‡ì AskMÖnY I `ÿZv hvPvB K‡i wkï‡ì g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

cÖ‡qvRbxq †ÿ‡Î djveZ©b cÖ`vb Kivi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì wkLb wbwðZ Kiv‡eb|

8. welqe¯‘ : mvg‡b-†cQ‡bi aviYv

DcKiY : †kÖwYKÿ I †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii wewfbœ DcKiY|

c×wZ :

• wZb Rb wkï‡K jvB‡b uvo Kiv‡eb| Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì Kv‡Q wR‡Ám Ki‡eb- Kvi mvg‡b †K uvov‡bv

Ges Kvi †cQ‡b †K uvov‡bv|

• †kÖwYKÿ I †kÖwYKÿi evB‡ii wewfbœ DcKiY mvg‡b- wcQ‡b †i‡L mvg‡b- wcQ‡i Ae vb m¤ú‡K©

wkï‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| Abykxj‡bi †ÿ‡Î mivmwi mvg‡b ev wcQ‡b QvovI GKUz Wv‡e ev ev‡gi

mvg‡b ev wcQ‡bi DcKiY eënvi Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

g~j¨vqb : `jM` KvR ch©‡eÿY K‡i wkï‡ì g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb I cÖ‡qvRbxq djveZ©b cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 118

9. welqe¯‘: Dci-wbP m¤ú‡K© aviYv

DcKiY: †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY|

c×wZ :

• †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY †Uwe‡ji Dc‡i I wb‡P B‡Q g‡Zv ivL‡eb|

• wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb- †Kvb wRwbm¸‡jv †Uwe‡ji Dc‡i Av‡Q ¦s †Kvb wRwbm¸‡jv wb‡P Av‡Q|

• Gevi †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ wRwb‡mi †ÿ‡Î GKBfv‡e wkï‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| †hgb- Mv‡Qi wb‡P

Kx Kx Av‡Q ev Dc‡i Kx Kx Av‡Q?

• †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii wewfbœ wRwbm wb‡q GKBfv‡e wkï‡ì Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| †hgb- Mv‡Qi wb‡P Kx

Kx Av‡Q ev Dc‡i Kx Kx Av‡Q?

• GKB wRwbm KL‡bv †Kv‡bv wKQzi Dc‡i Avevi Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQzi wb‡P _vK‡Z cv‡i Zvi Abykxjb

Kiv‡eb|

• mKj wkï‡K †Mvj n‡q uvo‡Z ej‡eb| Avcwb Dc‡i ej‡j wkïiv nvZ DuPz Ki‡e, wb‡P ej‡j wb‡P

nvZ bvwg‡q Avb‡e| ejvi mgq memgq Dc‡i-wb‡P bv e‡j KL‡bv KL‡bv GKvwaKevi cici

Dc‡i ev wb‡P ej‡eb|

g~j¨vqY : wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì AskMÖnY ch©v‡jvPbv K‡i g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb, cÖ‡qvRbxq †ÿ‡Î h_vh_

djveZ©b cÖ`vb Kivi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì wkLb wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

10. welqe¯‘ : DuPz-wbPzi aviYv

DcKiY : wd¬c PvU©|

c×wZ :

• wd¬c PvU© Gi cvnvo I eb (c„ô-4) Ges dm‡ji gvV, b`w I mvMi (c„ôv-5) Gi wPÎ †`wL‡q

wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †KvbwU DuPz I †KvbwU wbPz|

• GKRb wkï‡K DuPz RvqNvi Dci I GKRb‡K wb‡P uvo Kwi‡q wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb †K DuPz‡Z

uvwo‡q|

• PvU© ev KvW© ev Avgvi eB Gi eëüZ wewfbœ wPÎ (cvnvo, mgZj BZ¨vw`) †_‡K DuPz-wbPy welqwU

wkï‡ì mv‡_ Abykxjb Ki‡eb|

11. welqe¯‘ : Kv‡Q `~‡ii aviYv

DcKiY : cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

c×wZ :

• wkï‡ì ej‡eb Avgiv Kv‡Q I ~‡ii †Ljv †Lje| wZbRb wkï‡K WvK‡eb| Zv‡ì GKUz ~i‡Z¡

cvkvcvwk uvov‡Z ej‡eb|


• Gevi cÖ_g wkï‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †Zvgvi †_‡K Kv‡Q †h uvwo‡q Av‡Q Zvi bvg Kx? wkïi DËi

mwVK Av‡Q wKbv Zv †kÖwYi Ab¨vb¨ wkïiv jÿ¨ Ki‡e| GKBfv‡e Zvi †_‡K ~‡i †K uvwo‡q Av‡Q

Zvi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb| Gi gva¨‡g Kv‡Q Ges ~‡ii aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

• GKB Kvh©µg Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì gva¨‡g cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb Ges †kÖwYi †Kvb wRwbmwU Zv‡ì Kv‡Q

Ges †Kvb wRwbmwU Zv‡ì †_‡K ~‡i Zv wPwýZ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• †kÖwYKÿ I †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡ii wewfbœ ¯v‡bi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Kivi Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

g~j¨vqb : †kÖwY Kvh©µ‡gi mgq wkïi DË‡i Av‡jv‡K Zvi wkLb AMÖMwZ hvPvB Ki‡eb|

12. welqe¯‘ wewfbœ iKg AvK…Z

DcKiY : wewfbœ AvK…wZi cv_i, wewP Ges †kÖwYK‡ÿi Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY|

c×wZ :

• cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Zvi wb‡Ri eB, LvZv, †cwÝj wb‡Ri mvg‡b ivL‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi wkï‡ì Zvi eënvi Kiv me‡P‡q eo wRwbm Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb| GKBfv‡e me‡P‡q

†QvU wRwbmwU Luy‡R †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi ejyb, †Zvgiv Ggb GKwU wRwbm †`LvI hv me‡P‡q †QvUI bq Avevi me‡P‡q eoI bq|

wb‡ ©kbv Abyhvqx wkïiv KvRwU Ki‡Z cv‡i wKbv jÿ¨ Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b wb‡R †QvU, eo, gvSvwi

wRwb †`wL‡q wkïi wkL‡b mnvq_v Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K wewfbœ AvK…wZi †QvU AvKv‡ii wRwbm w`‡q †QvU

†_‡K eo AvKv‡i mvRv‡Z ej‡eb| mvRv‡bv m¤úbœ n‡j cÖwZwU `‡ji KvR g~j¨vqb Kiæb| cÖksmv

Kiæb| cÖ‡qvR‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

g~j¨vqb : `jxq Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb| g~j¨vq‡bi ci cÖ‡qvRbxq wdWe¨v‡Ki gva¨‡g †kÖwY Kvh©µg

m¤úbœ Ki‡eb|

13. welqe¯‘: wewfbœ iKg AvK…wZ

DcKiY : †MvjvKvi †cøU I wÎfzR AvK…wZi e¯‧, eB Ges Avgvi eB|

c×wZ :

• wkï‡ì wZbwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| GKwU `j‡K †cøU, GKwU `j‡K eB I GKwU `j‡K wÎfzR

AvK…wZi e¯‧ w`‡eb| cÖwZwU `j Zv‡ì †Ìqv e¯‧wUi AvK…wZ wb‡q `‡j Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e|

Av‡jvPbvi ci `jxqfv‡e e¯‧wUi AvK…wZ LvZvq AsKb Ki‡e Ges Dc vcb Kie| wkïiv

†g․wLKfv‡e e ‧wUi AvK…wZ KviYmn ej‡e| Ab¨`j Zv‡ì Dc vcbv jÿ¨ Ki‡e Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b

AvK…wZ wPb‡Z mnvq_v Ki‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 120

• Gevi `jxqfv‡e wkïiv wb‡R‡ì nvZ aivawi K‡i wZbwU AvK…wZ cÖ`k©b Ki‡e| G Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì

cÖ‡qvRbxq mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

• Kviæi KvR wn‡m‡e wkï‡ì w`‡q KvMR I gvwU w`‡q †Mvj, wZb‡KvYv I Pvi‡KvYv AvK…wZ •Zwii

Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

• †Ljv b¤i 20 : AvK…wZ evbvB Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• Gevi bZzb K‡i wZbwU `j MVb Ki‡eb| GK`j‡K †kÖwYi †MvjvKvi wRwbm, GK`j‡K wÎ‡KvYvKvi

wRwbm I Av‡iK`j‡K Pvi‡KvYvKvi wRwbm ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z ej‡eb| `‡j Av‡jvPbv K‡i †kÖwY‡Z

†Kvb¸‡jv †MvjvKvi, †Kvb¸‡jv wÎ‡KvYvKvi I †Kvb¸‡jv Pvi‡KvYvKvi e ‧ Av‡Q Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb|

hw` †Kvb AvK…wZi e¯‧ bv _v‡K Zvn‡j KvMR †K‡U wewfbœ AvK…wZ •_wi K‡i G KvRwU Kiv †h‡Z

cv‡i| Gfv‡e †MvjvKvi, wÎ‡KvYvKvi I Pvi‡KvYvKvi AvK…wZ m¤ú‡K© wkïi aviYv my „p Ki‡eb|

• Avgvi eB Gi 103-104 c„ôv Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

g~j¨vqb : `jxq Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

14. welqe¯‘ : Abygvb I cwigvc

DcKiY : wewfbœ iKg wewP, †QvU †QvU cv_i I Mv‡Qi Siv cvZv| eo I †QvU cvV‡kvjv ev KvwV, eo I †QvU

†evZj, Kvc|

c×wZ :

• wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZwU `‡j cwigvY g‡Zv cv_i, wewP ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv

myweavRbK e¯‧ w`‡eb| Gevi wewfbœfv‡e cv_i, wewP ev Ab¨ e ‧mg~n yBfvM K‡i wkï‡ì Abygvb

Ki‡Z ej‡eb †Kvbfv‡M †ewk ev Kg i‡q‡Q| GKUv GKUv K‡i yBfvM †_‡K e¯‧ wb‡q wgwj‡q

†`Lv‡Z cv‡ib Avm‡j †Kvbfv‡M Kg ev †Kvb fv‡M †ewk i‡q‡Q|

• wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| mevi mvg‡b GKwU j¤v KvwV I A‡cÿvK…Z Lv‡Uv GKwU KvwV

ivL‡eb| †QvU KvwVwU †hb wkïi eënvi Kiv †cwÝ‡ji †P‡q eo nq|

• cÖkœ Kiæb, †Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †K ej‡Z cvi‡e KvwV yBwUi g‡a¨ †KvbwU j¤v †KvbwU Lv‡Uv? wkï‡ì

DËi †R‡b AvMÖnx †h †Kv‡bv GKRb wkï‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb eo KvwVwU †Zvgvi eënvi Kiv KqwU

†cwÝ‡ji mgvb| GKBfv‡e wR‡Ám Kiæb Lv‡Uv KvwVwU KqwU †cwÝ‡ji mgvb|

• wkï nv‡Z Kj‡g KvRwU K‡i †`Lv‡e| hw` mg_© nq Z‡e Zvi cÖksmv Kiæb| bv cvi‡j Av‡iKRb

wkï‡K w`‡q KvRwU m¤úbœ Kiv‡eb| Gi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì cwigvc m¤úwK©Z aviYv mymsnZ Ki‡eb|

• GKwU eo I GKwU †QvU †evZj wbb| †evZj wbb| †evZj ywU cvwb w`‡q fwZ© Ki‡eb| Gevi Kvc

w`‡q eo I †QvU †evZ‡ji cvwb cwigvc K‡i †KvbwU‡Z †ewk cvwb AvQ Avi †KvbwU‡Z Kg cvwb

Av‡Q Zv cwigvc Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e †kÖwYi mevB‡K abëv` w`‡q †kÖwYi Kvh©µg mgvß

Ki‡eb|

g~j¨vqb : †kÖwY Kvh©µ‡g wkïi AskMÖnY hvPvB K‡i g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|


15. welqe¯‘ : G‡mv fvM Kwi

wkLbdj : 4.1.6 ev¯Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i eÈb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY : wewfbœ iKg wewP, †QvU †QvU cv_i I Mv‡Qi Siv cvZv|

c×wZ :

• wkï‡ì †Rvovq †Rvovq em‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K †Rvovq 6wU K‡i wewP ev cv_i w`b| wewP¸‡jv

wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ mgvbfv‡M fvM K‡i wb‡Z ej‡eb|

• Ny‡i Ny‡i ch©‡eÿY Kiæb wkïiv fvM K‡i wb‡Z cvi‡Q Kxbv| cÖ‡qvR‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb|

• Gevi wZb Rb K‡i GKwU `j MVb Ki‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K `‡j 9wU K‡i wewP cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| `‡ji

cÖ‡Z¨K m`m¨‡K wewP¸‡jv fvM K‡i wb‡Z ej‡eb| Ny‡i Ny‡i `xq KvR ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb|

• Gevi Pvi R‡bi GKwU `j K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K `j‡K †Uwe‡j iwÿZ Mv‡Qi Siv cvZv B‡Qg‡Zv wb‡Z

ej‡eb| cvZv¸‡jv wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ fvM K‡i wb‡Z ej‡eb| jÿ Ki‡eb `‡ji mevB †hb mgvb

msL¨K cvZv cvq| hw` bv †cq _v‡K Z‡e †Kb †c‡jv bv Zv `jxqfv‡e ej‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e

wewfbœ `‡j wewfbœ msL¨K DcKiY w`‡q Zv‡ì fvMvfvwM m¤úwK©Z aviYv mymsnZ Ki‡eb Ges †kÖwY

Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb|

g~j¨vqb : `jxq Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

L. msL¨vq aviYv

welqe¯‘ : msL¨v 1 †_‡K 20

wkLbdj: 4.2.1 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ ev¯Íe DcKiY Nbvbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

4.2.2 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ Qwe †`‡L MYbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

4.2.3 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ msL¨v MYbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†QvU †_‡K eo, eo †_‡K †QvU)|

4.2.4 Ô1-9Õ ch©šÍ msL¨v cÖZxK wPb‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e|

4.2.5 Ô1-9Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨K ev Íe DcKi‡Yi m‡½ Zvi msL¨v cÖZxK wgjv‡Z

cvi‡e|

4.2.6 Ô1-9Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨K Aa©ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi (Qwei) m‡½ Zvi msL¨v cÖZxK

wgjv‡Z cvi‡e|

4.2.8 Ô10-20Õ ch©šÍ msL¨v wPb‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e|

4.2.9 Ô10-20Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨K ev Íe DcKi‡Yi m‡½ Zvi msL¨v wgjv‡Z cvi‡e|

4.2.10 Ô10-20Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨K Aa©ev Íe DcKi‡Yi (Qwei) m‡½ Zvi msL¨v wgjv‡Z

cvi‡e|

4.3.1 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ msL¨v wjL‡Z cvi‡e|

4.3.2 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ †h‡Kv‡bv msL¨v wjL‡Z cvi‡e|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 122

c×wZ :

avc- 1: msL¨v Qov

• wkï‡ì mv‡_ wb‡q cÖ_‡g Avgvi eB‡qi 106 c„ôvq msL¨v Qovi 1-5 ch©šÍ Ask Ave„wË Ki‡eb|

wewfbœfv‡e QovwU Ave„wË K‡i wkïiv msLvi bvg¸‡jv Rvb‡e Ges msL¨vi avivevwnKZv wkL‡e|

• wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q e‡m †h †Kv‡bv wkï †_‡K cÖ_‡g 1, c‡ii wkï 2 Zvic‡ii wkï 3 Gfv‡M 5

ch©šÍ MYYv Kivi ci c‡ii wkï Avevi 1 †_‡K ïiæ Ki‡e| Gfv‡e avivevwnKfv‡e 1-5 msL¨v evi

evi MYbv Ki‡Z w`‡eb|

avc-2: ev Íe DcKiY Mbbv

• wkï‡ì ev¯Íe DcKiY (5wU) †hgb-wewP, cv_i, cvZv BZ¨vw` bvov Pvov Ki‡Z w`‡eb Ges ¸Y‡Z

ej‡eb| cÖwZwU wkï hv‡Z wewfbœ iKg ev¯Íe DcKiY MYbv Kivi my‡hvM cvq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

• Avcwb hLb †hB msL¨v ej‡eb, wkïiv †mB msL¨K DcKiY MYbv K‡i mvg‡b ivL‡e|

• †Ljv b¤i- 3 †b․Kv wb‡q †LjvwU GLv‡b 1-5 ch©šÍ msL¨v eënvi K‡i †Ljv †h‡Z cv‡i|

avc-3: Aa©-ev Íe DcKiY MYbv

• Aa©ev Íe DcKiY (Avgvi eB I msL¨v KvW©) Gi mvnv‡h¨ msL¨vi aviYv w`‡eb| ev¯Íe I Aa©ev¯Íe

DcKiY wgj Ki‡Z w`‡eb| †hgb- Avgvi eB ev Kv‡W© 4wU dzj ZvK‡j wkï‡ì mgvb msL¨K ev Íe

DcKiY wgj Ki‡Z w`‡eb| msL¨v Kv‡W©i wcQ‡bi Qwei mv‡_ mgvb msL¨K ev¯Íe DcKiY wgj

Ki‡Z w`‡eb|

• msL¨v Kv‡W©i †cQ‡bi Qwe eënvi K‡i †b․Kv wb‡q †LjvwU †Ljv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

avc-4: msL¨v MYbv

• hLb †h msL¨v ev msL¨v¸‡jv †kLv‡bv n‡e †m msL¨vwU †ev‡W© wjL‡eb| †h msL¨vwU †ev‡W© †jLv

n‡q‡Q ZZwU ev Íe DcKiY †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb| GKBfv‡e Avgvi eB ev msL¨v Kv‡W©i H msL¨K e ‧i

Qwe wgjv‡Z ej‡eb|

• msL¨v KvW© eënvi K‡i ev¯Íe I Aa©ev Íe DcKiY wgjv‡bvi wewfbœ Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv †h‡Z

cv‡i|

• 1-5 msL¨v †kLv‡bvi ci †mB msL¨vi KvW©¸‡jv wb‡qs cuvPRb wkï‡K WvK‡eb| GK GK K‡i

wkï‡K GKwU KvW© Uvb‡Z ej‡eb| wbw ©ó msL¨K ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi mv‡_ wkï‡ì msL¨v KvW© wgjv‡Z

ej‡eb| Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g 1-20 ch©YÍ msL¨v wb‡q G KvRwU Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• Aa©ev Íe DcKiY †hgb- Kv‡W©i wPÎ, Avgvi eB‡q eëüZ wP‡Îi mv‡_ msL¨v KvW© wgjv‡Z w`‡eb|

• msL¨v KvW© †`wL‡q Ò†b․Kv wb‡q †LjvÓ †Lj‡Z w`‡eb|

• Avgvi eB Abykxjb Ki‡eb|

• PK‡ev‡W© †QvU †QvU e„Ë A7vK‡eb| GKRb GKRb K‡i wkï‡K †W‡K wewfbœ msL¨v KvW© †`wL‡q

†mB msL¨K e„Ë fivU Ki‡Z ev †K‡U w`‡Z ej‡eb|

• Avgvi eB Abyhvqx †jKvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

we ª: GKB c×wZ‡Z 6-10, 11-15 I 16-20 ch©šÍ msL¨v wkï‡ì wbKU cwiwPZ Kiv‡Z n‡e| Z‡e 10

Gi c‡i ï‡bï aviYv w`‡Z n‡e| 6-10 Gi aviYvi Rb¨ msL¨v Qov Avgvi eB c„ôv 106 Ges wkÿK

mnvwqKv Qov bs 8 Abykxjb Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|


avc-5: k~‡bï aviYv

wkLbdj : 4.2.7 k~‡bï mnR aviYv w`‡Z cvi‡e I cÖZxK wPb‡Z I ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY : Avgvi eB, wewP, cv_i BZ¨vw` ev Íe DcKiY|

c×wZ

• †Uwe‡ji Dci K‡qKwU vbxqfv‡e msM„nxZ Dcv`vb †hgb- wewP, cv_i ev cvZv ivLyb hv‡Z mK‡j

†`L‡Z cv‡i|

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †Uwe‡ji Dci KqwU cv_i i‡q‡Q| Gevi GK GKwU wkï‡K †W‡K 1wU K‡i

cv_i wb‡q †h‡Z ej‡eb Ges evwK wkï‡ì wRÁvmv Ki‡eb GLb KqwU cv_i iq‡Q| Gfv‡e †kl

cv_iwU wb‡q hvIqvi ci GKBfv‡e wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb GLb KqwU cv_i i‡q‡Q| wkï‡ì

wewfbœ iKg DËi †kvbvi ci †ev‡W© k~b¨ wj‡L k~‡bï aAiYv w`‡eb| wkï‡ì k~b¨ wb‡q GKB iKg

NUbv •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges Zv mK‡ji mvg‡b Dc vcb Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv-127 Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

• mKj‡K k~b¨ wjLvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

welqe ‘ : Kg †ewki aviYv

wkLbdj: 4.4.1 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ ev¯Íe I Aa©ev¯Íe DcKiY Nbvbv K‡i Kg-†ewk wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

4.4.2 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ yBwU msL¨vi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

4.4.3 Ô1-20Õ ch©šÍ †h †Kv‡bv 5wU msL¨v †QvU †_‡K eo, eo †_‡K †QvU mvRv‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY : Avgvi eB, msL¨v KvW©|

c×wZ :

wewfbœ iKg KvR Abykxjb K‡i wkï‡ì g‡a¨ msL¨vi Zzjbvg~jK aviYv †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| wb¤œwjwLZ wewfbœ

†K․kj/Kvh©µg Abykxjb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i-

KvR- 1

• mKj wkï‡K 2wU mgvb `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| `j yBwU‡K y‡Uv wfbœ wfbœ msL¨v †`Lv‡eb| Gevi †h

`j‡K †h msL¨v †`Lv‡eb †mB `‡ji Z‡Zv msL¨K wkï wg‡j GKwU jvBb •Zwi Ki‡e| cvkvcvwk

Ab¨ `jI Zv‡ì †`Lv‡bv msL¨v KvW© Abyqvqx jvBb Zwi Ki‡e| 1g `j‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb †Kvb

msL¨wU eo, bv cvi‡j wØZxq `j‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb|

• Avgvi eB c„ôv b¤i 129 Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

KvR- 2

4-7 Rb wkï‡K wb‡q wewfbœ `j MVb Ki‡eb| `j MV‡bi †ÿ‡Î KvR-1 Abyhvqx wkï‡ì w`‡q 1 †_‡K 5

ch©šÍ ¸‡Y cieZ©x wkï †_‡K Avevi 1 †_‡K 5 ch©šÍ Gfv‡e †kl wkïwU ch©šÍ MYbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi †h

wkÿK mnvwqKv 124

†h wkï 1 e‡j‡Q Zv‡ì‡K GKmv‡_ uvov‡Z ej‡eb| GwU n‡e GKwU `j| GKBfv‡e 2, 3, 4 I 5Gi Rb¨

GKBfv‡e `j MVb Ki‡eb|

• cÖwZwU `‡j G‡jv‡g‡jvfv‡e h‡Zv msL¨v ch©šÍ wkïiv Rv‡b Zvi g‡a¨ †h †Kv‡bv yBwU K‡i msL¨v

KvW© w`b| KvW© yBwUi †a¨ †QvU eo wba©viY Ki‡Z-

• cÖ_‡g msL¨v yBwUi mgvb msL¨K ev Íe DcKiY MYbv K‡i cvkvcvwk ivL‡Z ej‡eb|

ev¯Íe DcKiY Zzjbv K‡i msL¨v yBwUi g‡a¨ †QvU-eo wba©viY Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• cieZ©x‡Z msL¨v Kv‡W©i D‡ëvw`‡Ki Qwe MYbv K‡i yBwU Kv‡W©i g‡a¨ †QvU eo wba©viY

Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖwZwU `‡j G‡jv‡g‡jvfv‡e †h †Kv‡bv 3wU msL¨v KvW© w`‡eb| msL¨v KvW©¸‡jv †QvU †_‡K eo µ‡g

ev eo †_‡K †QAU µ‡g mvRv‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖwZwU `‡j 3wUi cwie‡Z© 4wU ev 5wU ch©šÍ KvW© cÖ`vb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• Avgvi eB‡qi 145-149 c„ôv AbykxjY Kiv‡eb|

M) †hv‡Mi aviYv

wewfbœ Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g †hv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì cÖ_‡g ev Íe

DcKiY, c‡i Aa©ev Íe DcKiY Zvic‡i msL¨vi mvnv‡h¨ †hv‡Mi avibv †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i|

wkLbdj: 4.5.1 ev¯Íe I Aa©ev¯Íe DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ †hvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†hvMdj 9 Gi †ewk n‡e

bv)

4.5.2 GK A‡¼i yBwU msL¨vi †hvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†hvMdj 9 Gi †ewk n‡e bv)|

4.5.3 †hvM msLªvšÍ mnR mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†hvMdj 9 Gi †ewk n‡e bv)|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB, †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY, wewP, Siv, cvZv BZ¨vw`|

KvR:

ev¯Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i Abykxjb-

• †hvM msµvšÍ GKwU mgm¨v wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| †hgb-†Zvgvi Kv‡Q 3wU †cwÝj Av‡Q| †Zvgvi

PvPv †Zvgv‡K Av‡iv 2wU †cwÝi Dcnvi w`j| GLb †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †gvU KZwU †cwÝj n‡jv? wkïiv

mwVK DËi w`‡Z cvi‡j cÖksmv Ki‡eb Ges wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv Kxfv‡e mgvavb K‡i‡Q|

• wkï‡ì w`‡q mgm¨vwU ev Í‡e Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| †hgb- GKwU wkï‡K 3wU †cwÝj w`b| Gevi Ab¨

GKRb wkï‡K ejyb Zv‡K AviI 2wU †cwÝj w`‡Z| †gvU KZwU †cwÝj n‡jv Zv ¸‡Y DËi †ei

Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wewfbœ iKg †hvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e AbykxjY Kiv‡eb| wkï‡ì‡KI

†hvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`b|


Aa©ev Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i Abykxjb-

• Dc‡i ewY©Z mgm¨v mgvav‡b 3wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 3wU †Mvj `vM, 2wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 2wU †Mvj `vM

w`‡q wkï‡ì we‡Ám Ki‡eb †gvU KqwU †Mvj `vM n‡jv| Gici 5wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM

†ev‡W© A7vK‡eb| GKB c×wZ‡Z wkï‡ì LvZvq Abykxjb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

• wewfbœ iKg †hvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì‡KI

†hvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

msL¨v eënvi K‡i Abykxjb-

• Dc‡i ewY©Z mgm¨v mgvav‡b 3wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 3wU †Mvj `vM, 2wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 2wU †Mvj `vM

w`‡q wkï‡ì we‡Ám Ki‡eb †gvU KqwU †Mvj `vM n‡jv| Gici 5wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM

†ev‡W© AuvK‡eb| Gevi 3wU †Mvj `v‡Mi wb‡P msL¨v Kv‡W©i 3 Ges 2wU †Mvj `v‡Mi Rb¨ msL¨v

Kv‡W©i 2 AvUwK‡q w`‡eb| †hvMd‡ji Rb¨ †Kvb msL¨v KvW©wU eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wkï‡ì

wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| bv cvi‡j Avcwb †`wL‡q w`‡eb| GKB c×wZ‡Z wkï‡ì LvZvq Abykxjb Ki‡Z

Drmvn w`‡eb|

• wewfbœ iKg †hvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì‡KI

†hvMmsµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`b|

• Avgvi eB Gi 150, 151, 152, 155 I 157 c„ôv wkï‡ì w`‡q Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

wewfbœ iKg †hvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i DcwiD³ Dcv‡q ev¯Íe, Aa©ev¯Íe I msL¨v eënvi K‡i Abykxjb

Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

N) we‡qv‡Mi aviYv

wewfbœ Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g we‡qv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i| we‡qv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì cÖ_‡g ev Íe

DcKiY, c‡i Aa©ev Íe DcKiY Zvic‡i msL¨vi mvnv‡h¨ we‡qv‡Mi aviYv †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i|

wkLbdj: 4.6.1 ev¯Íe I Aa©ev Íe DcKi‡Yi mvnv‡h¨ we‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†Kv‡bv msL¨vB 9 Gi †ewk

n‡e bv)|

4.6.2 GK A‡¼i yBwU msL¨vi (†Kv‡bv msL¨vB 9 Gi †ewk n‡e bv) we‡qvM Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

4.6.3 we‡qvM msµvšÍ ev¯Íe mgm¨vi mgvavb Ki‡Z cvi‡e (†Kv‡bv msL¨vB 9Gi †ewk n‡e bv)|

DcKiY : Avgvi eB, †kÖwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ DcKiY, wewP, Siv cvZv BZ¨vw`|

KvR :

ev¯Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i Abykxjb-

• we‡qvM msµvšÍ GKwU mgm¨v wkï‡ì we‡Ám Ki‡eb| †hgb- †Zvgvi Kv‡Q 5wU eB wQj| †Zvgvi

eÜz Zv †_‡K 2wU eB covi Rb¨ wbj| GLb †Zvgvi Kv‡Q †gvU KZwU eB iBj? wkïiv mwVK DËi

w`‡Z cvi‡j cÖksmv Ki‡eb Ges wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv Kxfv‡e mgvavb K‡i‡Q|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 126

• wkï‡ì w`‡q mgm¨vwU ev Í‡e Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| †hgb- GKwU wkï‡K 5wU eB w`‡eb| Gevi Ab¨

GKRb wkï‡K ejyb Zv †_‡K 2wU eB wb‡q wb‡Z| GLb †gvU KZwU eB iBj Zv ¸‡Y wkï‡ì DËi

†ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wewfbœ iKg we‡qvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

wkï‡ì‡KI we‡qvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`b|

Aa©ev Íe DcKiY eënvi K‡i Abykxjb-

• Dc‡i ewY©Z mgm¨v mgvav‡b 5wU eB Gi Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM, 2wU eB Gi Rb¨ 2wU †Mvj `vM

cvkvcvwk †ev‡W© AuvK‡eb| Gevi c‡ii 2wU †Mvj `v‡Mi Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM †_‡K 2wU †Mvj `vM

†K‡U w`‡eb| wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb GLb †gvU KqwU †Mvj `vM Av‡Q| wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K mwVK

DËi wb‡q Avevi wZbwU †Mvj `vM †ev‡W© AuvK‡eb| GKB c×wZ‡Z wkï‡ì LvZvq Abykxjb Ki‡Z

Drmvn w`‡eb|

• wewfbœ iKg we‡qvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡eb|

wkï‡ì‡KI we‡qvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`b|

msL¨v eënvi K‡i Abykxjb-

• Dc‡i ewY©Z mgm¨v mgvav‡b 5wU eB Gi Rb¨ 5wU †Mvj `vM, 2wU †cwÝ‡ji Rb¨ 2wU †Mvj `vM

cvkvcvwk †ev‡W© AuvK‡eb| Gevi 5wU †Mvj `v‡Mi wb‡P msL¨v Kv‡W©i 5 Ges 2wU †Mvj `v‡Mi Rb¨

msL¨v Kv‡W©i 2 AvUwK‡q w`‡eb| we‡qvMd‡ji Rb¨ †Kvb msL¨v KvW©wU eënvi Ki‡Z n‡e Zv

wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| bv cvi‡j Avcwb †`wL‡q w`‡eb| GKB c×wZ‡Z wkï‡ì LvZvq Abykxjb

Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

• wewfbœ iKg we‡qvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì w`‡q GKBfv‡e Abykxjb Ki‡eb|

wkï‡ì‡KI we‡qvM msµvšÍ wewfbœ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i Zv GKBfv‡e mgvavb Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

• Avgvi eB Gi 153, 154 156 I 158 c„ôv wkï‡ì w`‡q Abykxjb Ki‡eb|

wewfbœ iKg we‡qvM msµvšÍ mgm¨v •Zwi K‡i DcwiD³ Dcv‡q ev¯Íe, Aa©ev Íe I msL¨v eënvi K‡i Abykxjb

Kiv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|


†Ljv

f~wgKv

B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv

wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv

wkÿK mnvwqKv 128

†Ljv

fywgKv

†Ljv wkïi •`bw›`b cQ›`bxq Kv‡Ri ga¨ Ab¨Zg KvR| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q wkïi Rb¨ †Ljv n‡jv †kLvi

Ab¨Zg Dcvq| wewfbœ wel‡q †kLv QvovI wkï‡ì Avb›`jvf I we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ †Ljvi f~wgKv Acwimxg|

wkïiv †hgb GKv GKv B‡Qg‡Zv †Lj‡Z cQ›` K‡i †ZgbB Ab¨ wkï‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k †QvU ev eo `‡j

†Lj‡ZI Zv‡ì fv‡jvjv‡M| Gme welq Ges cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkï‡ì eqm we‡ePbv K‡i cÖvK-cÖv_wgK

cvV¨m~wP‡Z †Ljv AšÍfz„³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gme †Ljv‡K cÖvK-cÖv_wgK cvV¨m~wP‡Z yB fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q, h_v:

(K) B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljv (Free Play) I (L) wb‡ ©kbvi †Ljv (Guided Play)

K) B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv : GQvov wkïiv hv‡Z Zv‡ì B‡Qg‡Zv †Lj‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ 127 †_‡K 133 c„ôvq ewY©Z

wbqgvbymv‡i B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljv AšÍfz©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

(L) wb‡ ©kbvi †Ljv : 134 †_‡K 155 c„ôv ch©šÍ †Ljv¸‡jv wkÿ‡Ki wb‡ ©kbvq wkïiv †Lj‡e A_©vr G¸‡jv

wb‡ ©kbvi †Ljv|

†Ljv †h‡nZz wkÿvµ‡gi cÖvq mKj AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv AR©‡bB mnvqZv K‡i †m‡nZz †Ljvi †ÿ‡Î

Avjv`vfv‡e wkLbdj eY©bv Kiv nqwb|

K) B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv

wewfbœ wel‡q †kLv QvovI wkï‡ì Avb›`jvf I we‡bv`‡bi Rb¨ †Ljvi f~wgKv Acwimxg| cÖ‡Z¨K wkïiB

¯xKxqZv I †kLvi wbR¯ aib Av‡Q| B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljv wkïi ¯KxqZv eRvq †i‡L m„RbkxjZv cÖKv‡ki

GKwU Ab¨Zg c×wZ| G ai‡bi †Ljvi gva¨‡g wkï GKvKx wKsev Ab¨ wkïi m‡½ wewfbœ DcKiY w`‡q

wbR¯ cQ›` Abyhvqx hv wKQz Ki‡Z Pvq ev †Lj‡Z Pvq ZvB Kivi my‡hvM cvq| B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi gva¨‡g

wkïiv G‡K Aci‡K mn‡hvwMZv Kivi gva¨‡g mgm¨v mgvavb Kivi cÖwµqv †k‡L| GQvov wkïiv wb‡R

wb‡R A_ev A‡bï mvnv‡h¨ KvR Ki‡Z †k‡L| Gfv‡e wkïiv Zv‡ì cQ›`g‡Zv †Ljvi gva¨‡g AbymÜvb,

Av‡eM I Abyf~wZ cÖKv‡ki my‡hvM cvq| B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvq wkïi †hme `ÿ_v AR©‡b cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e f~wgKv

iv‡L †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

m„RbkxjZv, wb‡R wb‡R cQ›` Kivi ÿgZv

Kíbvkw³ wm×všÍ MÖnY,

AvZ¥wek¦vm, a¨vb aviYvi cÖKvk,

AvZ¥m‡PZbZv, mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZv Kivi gvbwmKZv|

¯KxqZv,

B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljv cwiPvjbvi wbqg

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK cvV¨m~wP‡Z †Ljv GKwU •`bw›`b KvR| B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi mgq wkïiv 4wU fv‡M fvM n‡q 4

Kb©v‡i mvwR‡q ivLv DcKiY wb‡q Ny‡i Ny‡i 4wU Kb©v‡iB †Lj‡e| wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K ïay 4wU Kb©v‡ii bvg

ej‡eb| wkïiv Zv‡ì cQ›`g‡Zv Kb©v‡i wM‡q †mLv‡b ivLv DcKiY wb‡q Zv‡ì D‡Qg‡Zv †Lj‡e| Z‡e

†KD B‡Q Ki‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿi wfZ‡i †h †Kvb RvqNvq †Lj‡Z cvi‡e| ZvQvov †Ljvi mgq wkïiv GK


Kb©v‡ii DcKiY Ab¨ Kb©v‡i wb‡q †h‡ZI cvi‡e| wkïiv hv‡Z GKKfv‡e, †Rvovq †Rvovq ev †QvU `‡j

Zv‡ì cQ›` Abyhvqx gy³fv‡e †Lj‡Z cv‡i †mUvB B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi gyL¨ welq| 4wU Kb©vi wewfbœ DcKiY

w`‡q cwiKwíZfv‡e mvwR‡q ivLv n‡jI wkïiv Zv‡ì B‡Qg‡Zv †h †Kvb DcKiY wb‡q †Lj‡Z cvi‡e Ges

Zv‡ì cQ›`g‡Zv wKQz •Zwi ev MVb Ki‡Z cvi‡e| G gq wkÿK Zv‡ì‡K †Kvb ai‡bi wb‡ ©kbv bv w`‡q Ny‡i

Ny‡i wkï‡ì KvR †`L‡eb, cÖksmv I Drmvn cÖ`vb Ki‡eb| GB welq¸‡jv‡K we‡ePbvq †i‡LB B‡Qg‡Zv

†Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljvq wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq

B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljv mwVKfv‡e cwiPvjbv Kivi Rb¨ wkÿ‡Ki KvR g~jZ: wZbwU fv‡M fvM Kiv n‡q‡Q|

• cÖ ‧wZg~jK KvR

• †Ljv PjvKvjxb mg‡q KvR

• wkï‡ì we‡kl AvPi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î KvR

cÖ ‘wZg~jK KvR

• PviwU Kb©vi‡K DKciY w`‡q mvRv‡eb|

• Kb©v‡ii me DcKiY GKmv‡_ bv w`‡q wKQz DcKiY †i‡L w`‡eb| c‡i evwK DcKiY w`‡q Avevi

wKQz DcKiY Zz‡j ivL‡eb| Gfv‡e Kb©v‡ii DcKi‡Y •ewPÎ¨ Avb‡eb|

• cÖwZwU Kb©v‡ii aib Abyhvqx DcKiY¸‡jv GK RvqNvq ivL‡eb, †hgb-eo eøK¸‡jv GK RvqMvq,

wKDe¸‡jv GK RvqNvq, wZb‡KvYv¸‡jv GK RvqMvq|

• DcKiY¸‡jv †Kv‡bv wbw ©ó wWRvB‡b mvwR‡q ivL‡eb bv, G‡Z wkïiv g‡b Ki‡Z cv‡i G

DcKiY¸‡jv w`‡q Gfv‡eB wWRvBb Ki‡Z nq|

• PviwU KY©vi m¤ú‡K© mKj wkï‡ì eywS‡q ej‡eb|

• †Kv‡bv Kb©v‡i bZzb DcKiY †hvM n‡j Zv wkï‡ì Rvbv‡eb|

• Awfbqg~jK †Ljvi mgq †cvkvK ev gy‡Lvk wbe©vP‡bi †ÿ‡Î mnvq_v Ki‡eb|

†Ljv PjvKvjxb KvR

• wkï‡ì‡K Zv‡ì cQ›` Abyhvqx 4wU fv‡M fvM n‡Z ej‡eb|

• †K Kx †Lj‡e ev Kvi mv‡_ †Lj‡e Zvi cwiKíbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkï‡ì mvw_ wb‡q †Lj‡Z

DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì B‡Qg‡Zv KY©v‡i wM‡q †Lj‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K Ny‡i Ny‡i 4wU Kb©v‡iB †Lj‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• †Kv‡bv wbw ©ó Kb©v‡i hw` †ewk wfo nq, Zvn‡j Lvwj Kb©v‡i wM‡q wkÿK wb‡RB †Lj‡eb| wkÿK‡K

†Lj‡Z †`‡L 2/1 Rb wkï Zvi mv‡_ †Lj‡Z Drmvnx n‡e| hw` †Kv‡bv wkï Lvwj Kb©v‡i †Lj‡Z

Drmvnx bv nq Zvn‡j †Rvi Ki‡eb bv|

• wkïiv hw` †Kv‡bv DcKiY wb‡q KvovKvwo K‡i, †m †ÿ‡Î Zv‡ì †Kv‡bv GKwU AvKl©Yxq DcKiY

w`‡q AvK…ó K‡i KvovKvwo _vgv‡eb|

• †Kv‡bv wkï †Lj‡Z DrmvwnZ bv n‡j Zv‡KI AskMÖnY Ki‡Z mnvq_v Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 130

• wkïiv hv †Lj‡Q ev •Zwi Ki‡Q Zv Zvi eÜz‡ì ev wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q ej‡Z ev cÖKvk Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ

Ki‡eb|

• wkïiv †hb Ab¨ mvw_ g‡Zv GKB ai‡bi †Ljv bv K‡i wbR¯ wKQzK‡i, Zv‡ì †Ljvq †hb

m„RbkxjZv _v‡K †mw`‡K †Ljvq ivL‡eb|

• wkïiv †hb GKB †Ljv evievi ev cÖwZw`b bv K‡i †mw`KwU‡Z we‡kl „wó w`‡eb|

• wkï‡ì Awfbqg~jK †Ljvq DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• eB I Qwei eb©v‡i †hme eB _v‡K wkïiv eB¸‡jv †b‡o-†P‡o †`Lvi mgq Zviv hw` Pvq wkÿK

Zv‡ì Mí c‡o †kvbv‡eb|

• Kb©v‡i †Ljvi mgq wkïiv †h me Qwe Auv‡K †mB Qwe‡Z Zv‡ì bvg I ZvwiL wj‡L w`‡q, †m¸‡jv

†kÖwYK‡ÿi †`qv‡j UvOv‡bvi eë¯v Ki‡eb|

we‡kl ªóe¨

B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi mgq wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K †Kvb ai‡bi wb‡ ©kbv bv w`‡q Ny‡i Ny‡i Zv‡ì KvR †`L‡eb|

Z‡e †Ljvi mgq wkï‡ì‡K GKB DcKiY wewfbœfv‡e eëni Kivi Rb¨ Awb‡ ©kbvg~jKfv‡e Ges gy³

cÖkœ K‡i DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| †hgb:-

• †Kv‡bv wkï †evZvg w`‡q †Lj‡j, Zv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡eb, GLv‡b Kx Kx is Av‡Q, Kvi nv‡Z

†evZvg †ewk i‡q‡Q, wkï‡ì †evZvg ¸‡Y †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb|

• GKBfv‡e cvwb ev evwji Kb©v‡i wkïiv †Lj‡j, Zv‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb, eo cvwbi †evZjwU

fi‡Z Kq Kvc cvwb jvM‡e| GUv Zv‡ì cixÿv K‡i †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb|

• †Kv‡bv wkï wKQz AuvK‡j Zvi Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z PvB‡Z cv‡ib, Kx AuvK‡Qv, †Zvgvi AuvKv N‡ii g‡a¨

†K †K Av‡Q, Zviv Kx Ki‡Q, N‡ii g‡a¨ Zzwg _vK‡j Kx Ki‡Z?

†Kv‡bv wkï eøK w`‡q UvIqvi evbv‡j Zv‡K wRÁvmv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, †Zvgvi UvIqviUv G‡Zv j¤v nIqvi

ciI c‡o hv‡Q bv †Kb? eøK w`‡q Zzwg Avi Kx Kx evbv‡Z cvi?

B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljv †k‡l wkïi hv‡Z DcKiY¸‡jv wewfbœ Kb©v‡i ¸wQ‡q iv‡L Ges Zviv †hb cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ

_v‡K †m wel‡q wkÿK jÿ ivL‡eb|

wkï‡ì we‡kl AvPi‡Yi †ÿ‡Î wkÿ‡Ki KvR

B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi mgq AwaKvsk wkïB ¯cÖ‡bvw`Z I ¯ZtùZ© n‡q bvbvfv‡e wewfbœ ai‡bi †Ljv ev Kv‡R

AskMÖnY K‡i| wKš‧ wKQz wkï Ab¨ ai‡bi AvPiY Ki‡Z cv‡i| Ge AvPiY‡K †Ljv ewnf~©Z ev A‡L‡jvqvo

myjf (Non Play Behaviour) ejv nq| B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi mgq wkïiv †Ljv ewnf©~Z ev A‡L‡jvqvo myjf

Kx Kx AvPiY Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges †m †ÿ‡Î wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq wb‡Pi Q‡K †Ìqv n‡jv:


wkky‡ì A‡L‡jvqvi myjf AvPiY wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq

1. D‡ØMc~Y© AvPiY| wKQz wkky ywðšÍvhy³,

gbfvivµvšÍ n‡q _v‡K, Ah_vB KvbœvKvwU

K‡i|

1. GB ai‡bi wkky/wkky‡ì Avjv`vfv‡e mgq w`‡q

(†hgb- †Zvgvi wK gb Lvivc ? †Zvgvi †Kgb

jvM‡Q ? Zzwg Kv‡K eÜz †c‡j Lywk n‡e? Zzwg Kx

†Lj‡Z ev Ki‡Z PvI ? BZ¨vw`) Ab¨‡ì mv‡_

†Ljvq AskMÖnY Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| Ab¨

wkky‡ì‡KI GB ai‡bi wkky‡K mv‡_ wb‡q †Lj‡Z

ej‡eb|

2. D‡Ïk¨nxb AvPiY : wKQz wkky wb‡R †L‡j

bv, Ab¨ wkky‡ì †Ljv †`‡K bv,

D‡Ïk¨nxb ev Ab¨gb®‥fv‡e Ny‡i †eovq|

2. GB ai‡bi wkky/wkky‡ì‡K Awb‡ ©kbvg~jK K_vi (

†hgb- Zzwg Kx KiQ? mevB †Zv †Lj‡Q Zzwg Kx

†Lj‡Z PvI ? Kvi mv‡_ †Lj‡Z PvI ? Kx wb‡q

†Lj‡Z PvI ? BZ¨vw`) gva¨‡g †Ljvq AskMÖnY

Kiv‡eb|

3. `k©Kmyjf AvPiY : wKQz wkky/wkkyiv wb‡R

bvbviKg KvR ev †Ljvq AskMÖnY bv

K‡i A‡bï †Ljv/KvR †`‡L ev A‡bï

K_v ky‡b mgq KvUv‡Z cQ›` K‡i|

A‡bï †Ljv †`‡L Giv †ewk gRv cvq|

GB wkky‡ì AvZ¥cÖZ¨q I AvZ¥vwek¦vm

Kg _v‡K|

3. GB ai‡bi wkky/wkky‡ì‡K Awb‡ ©kbvg~jK K_vi (

†hgb- ZzwgI I‡ì g‡Zv †Lj‡Z cvi, †Kvb

†LjvwU †Zvgvi me‡P‡q fvjv jv‡M ? P‡jv Avgiv

†mB †LjvwU †Lwj, BZ¨vw`) gva¨‡g †Ljvq

AskMÖnY Kiv‡eb|

4. AvMÖvmx AvPiY : †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv wkky

†Ljvi mgq A‡bï wRwbm †K‡o †bq ev

†f‡½ †d‡j, Ab¨ wkky‡K gv‡i, nVvr Ab¨

wkky‡ì mv‡_ SMov weev‡` Rwo‡q c‡o|

4. GB ai‡bi wkky/wkky‡ì Avjv`vfv‡e mgq w`‡q

Avì hZœ mnKv‡i K_v e‡j ( †hgb- Zzwg Kx wb‡q

†Lj‡Z PvI ? hviv my›ì K‡i †L‡j Avwg Zv‡ì

Lye cQ›` Kwi| Zzwg Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ †Lj‡Z PvB‡j

ZvivI †Zvgvi mv‡_ †Lj‡e| AvQv Zzwg †Kvb

Kb©v‡i †Lj‡Z PvI ? Kv‡K Zzwg mvw_ wn‡m‡e †c‡Z

PvI? BZ¨vw`) wbqš¿‡Y Avb‡eb Ges Ab¨ wkky‡ì

mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k †Lj‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| wkkyiv

fv‡jv w`KMy‡jv Rvbyb Ges †mMy‡jv‡K wfwË K‡i

Zvi cÖksmv Ki‡eb| Zv‡K GB wek¦vm w`‡Z n‡e

†h, †KD Zv‡K AcQ›` K‡i bv| Gfv‡e hZw`b

wkkyiv AvPiY cwieZ©b bv nq ZZw`b KvRwU

Ki‡eb| Ab¨ Kv‡iv mv‡_ †Lj‡Z bv PvB‡j cÖ_g

wKQzw`b wkÿK wb‡R wkkyi mv‡_ †Lj‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 132

B‡”Qg‡Zv †Ljvi DcKiY

B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ wkky‡ì‡K hZ‡ewk ai‡bi DcKiY †Ìqv hv‡e Zviv ZZ †ewkfv‡e Kíbv K‡i

m„Rbkxj KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e| GB DcKiYMy‡jv n‡Z n‡e AvKl©Yxq Ges •ewPÎ¨gq| B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨

cÖ‡Z¨KwU we`¨vj‡q ch©vß cwigv‡Y DcKiY _vK‡Z n‡e|

wkky‡ì myweav‡_© DcKiYMy‡jv PviwU Kb©v‡i mvRv‡bv _vKv evÃbxq| Kb©viMy‡jv n‡jv- Kíbvi Kb©vi, eøK I

bvovPvovi Kb©vi, cvwb I evwji Kb©vi, eB I AuvKvi Kb©vi| cieZ©x c„ôvq Kb©vi Abyhvqx wewfbœ DcKi‡Yi

bgybv ZvwjKv †Ìqv n‡jv|

DcKiY msMÖn

B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ DcKiYMy‡jv memgq evB‡i †_‡K bvI cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i ev AvswkKfv‡e cvIqv †h‡Z

cv‡i| †m †ÿ‡Î wkÿK AwffveK‡ì mnvqZvq vbxqfv‡e hv mnRjf¨ ev •Zwi Kiv m¤¢e †m me DcKiY

wewfbœ Kb©v‡i mieivn Kivi eë¯v Ki‡eb| †hgb- gvwU w`‡q •Zwi nuvwo, cvwZj, Pzjv, cyZzj, Kv‡Vi eøK,

euv‡ki UzKiv, cvZvi •Zwi wewfbœ euvwk, Pkgv, Nwo, cv_i, wewP, KvM‡Ri •Zwi gy‡Lvk, †evZ‡ji •Zwi SzbSzwb,

†evZvg, `wojvd †Ljvi `wo BZ¨vw`| wkÿK AwffveK mgv‡e‡k AwfevK‡ì †Ljvb evwb‡q wb‡q Avmvi

Aby‡iva K‡i wKsev mgv‡e‡k Zv‡ì w`‡q ¯vbxq DcKiY eënvi K‡i wewfbœ †Ljbv •Zwi Kwi‡q †K‡› ª

wkky‡ì †Ljvi Rb¨ ivL‡Z cv‡ib| ZvQvov wkkyiv Pviy I Kviy K¬v‡m †h me DcKiY •Zwi Ki‡e ZvI wkÿv

†K‡› ª B‡Qg‡Zv †Ljvi Rb¨ _vK‡Z cv‡i| wkÿK wb‡R D‡`¨vMx n‡q wewfbœ e¨w³‡K m¤ú„³ K‡i wkky‡ì

†Ljvi Rb¨ eøK, cyZzj, jyWz, †Ljbv gvQ BZ¨vw` msMÖn Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb- KvVwgw ¿i m‡½ wKsev Kv‡Vi

†`vKv‡bi m‡½ †hvMv‡hvM K‡i Kv‡Vi msMÖn K‡i eøK evbv‡bv wKsev e¨w³i KvQ †_‡K Aby`vb wn‡m‡e †Ljbv

†bIqv BZ¨vw`|


PviwU Kb©vi I DcKi‡Yi ZvwjKv

Kb©vi I Kb©viwfwËK DcKiY Kb©vi I Kb©viwfwËK DcKiY

Kíbvi Kb©vi

1. Gjywgwbqv‡gi/cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi ivbœv Kivi mvgMÖx

(nuvwo-cvwZj, KovB, Pzjv) 2 †mU

2. GjywgwbqA‡gi/cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi Lvevi cwi‡ekb

Kivi mvgMÖx (6wU _vjv, 6wU evwU, 6wU PvgP, 6wU

Møvm)

3. gvwUi/Kv‡Vi/KvM‡Ri •Zwi AvmevecÎ (LvU,

†Pqvi, †Uwej, Avjbv)- 2 †mU

4. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi †Uwj‡dvb 2wU, †gvevBj

†mU 2wU

5. Kvc‡oi •Zwi cyZzj 4wU (2wU eo, 2wU †QvU)

6. Kvc‡oii •Zwi †Uwbm ej (4wU)

7. gvwUi •Zwi wewfbœ dj (Avg, Rvg, KuvVvj, wjPz,

Kjv, Av‡cj, †cqviv, Kgjv, bvwi‡Kj, Zvj

8. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi wewfbœ †Ljbv (†Uwjwfkb,

Mvwo, cky-cvwL)

9. gvwUi •Zwi wewfbœ wgwó mvgMÖx

10. KvM‡Ri •Zwi iwOb dzj

11. cv‡Ui/L‡oi •Zwi wewfbœ †Ljbv (cyZzj, wkKv,

_‡j)

12. euvk/bvi‡Kj cvZv w`‡q •Zwi Szwo (4wU)

13. KvV/KvMR w`‡q †Ljbv ev`¨hš¿

14. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi ckycvwL (2 †mU)

15. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi gvQ (10wU)

16. †ZZz‡ji/wm‡gi wewP (1 •eqvg)

17. euv‡ki/cv‡Ui KvwV (6 BwÂ j¤^v-100wU)

18. cøvw÷‡Ki/Kv‡Vi •Zwi Mvwo- UªvK-4wU

19. cøvw÷‡Ki/Kv‡Vi/KvM‡Ri/gvwUi •Zwi †b․Kv-4wU

20. bvi‡Kj cvZv/cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi nvZ Nwo-4wU

21. jvdv‡bvi Rb¨ `wo/B¯‥wcs †ivc-3wU

22. euv‡ki •Zwi euvwk

eøK I bvovPvovi Kb©vi

1. Kv‡Vi/cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi wewfbœ AvK…wZi eøK:

• eM©vKvi- wewfbœ AvKv‡ii 30wU

• AvqZvKvi-40wU

• wÎfzRvKvi-20wU

• Kjvg-20wU

• wKDe-4 i‡Oi 400

• c¨vUvb© eøK-6 ai‡bi 6 i‡Oi 600 (eøK

w`‡q gRvi †Ljv eBmn)

2. cv‡Rj:

• 8 UzKiv cv‡Rj- 6wU

• 12 UzKiv cv‡Rj- 6wU

• 16 UzKiv cv‡Rj-6wU

3. web e¨vM- 5wU

4. †_ªwWs U‡qR (wewfbœ i‡Oi 40 wcQ)- 4wU

5. cøvw÷‡Ki/gvwUi •Zwi cky-cvwLi †mU-4 †mU

6. †evZvg- 1 •eqvg

7. †jBwms †evW© (wZb‡KvYv, Pvi‡KvYv, AvqZvKvi

Zviv)- 4wU

8. Wwg‡bv (WU I msL¨v)- 4 †mU wewfbœ i‡Oi

cv_i I wewP

wkÿK mnvwqKv 134

Kb©vi I Kb©viwfwËK DcKiY Kb©vi I Kb©viwfwËK DcKiY

eB I AuvKvi Kb©vi

1. M‡íi eB

• Acyi weovj

• †Kv_vq Avgvi gv

• wUs Us Gi KvÐ

• dzj †dvUvi Avb›`

• gRvi gvgv

• jvj †cvKvi Mí

• PvPv evRv‡i hvb

• eM©ivRv I wÎfzRivwb

• †eov‡bvi GKw`b

• Lywk GKw`b Kzmygcy‡i

Gai‡bi Av‡iv A‡bK Qwei gva¨‡g M‡íi eB ivLv

†h‡Z cv‡i

2. AuvKvi mvgMÖx

• †µqb (wewfbœ i‡Oi)

• †cwÝj- 30wU

• KvMR- cÖ‡qvRb Abyhvqx

3. Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY

• Qwe AuvKvi eB

• e‡Y©i KvW©

• msL¨vi KvW©

4. †gvUv KvM‡Ri •Zwi gy‡Lvk gyKzU Ges gy‡Lvk (4wU)

evwj I cvwbi Kb©vi

1. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi Mvgjv (24 wjUvi)- 2wU

2. cvwb- Avav Mvgjv

3. evwj- Avav Mvgjv

4. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi wewfbœ i‡Oi evwU- 6wU

5. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi gvQ- 10wU

6. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi wewfbœ AvKv‡ii †evZj-6wU

7. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi †b․Kv- 4wU

8. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi dv‡bj- 4wU

9. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi QuvKwb- 2wU

10. wewfbœ i‡Oi †QvU †QvU cv_i (30-40wU)

11. †cu‡c Mv‡Qi WvUv

12. cøvw÷‡Ki •Zwi cvwb gvcvi †K․Uv BZ¨vw`

13. fv‡m Ges †Wv‡e Ggb cÖvK…wZK DcKiY


L) wb‡`©kbvi †Ljv

wb‡ ©kbvi †Ljvi (Guided Play) ZvwjKv

†Ljvi Rb¨ eivÏK…Z mgq we‡ePbvq †i‡L †gvU 20wU †Ljv AšÍf©y³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| †LjvMy‡jv mnR †_‡K KwVb

(Easy to Complex) GB wbqg Abymv‡i ch©vqµ‡g mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

• †ijMvwo wSKwSK

• Kv‡K Zzwg eÜz PvI

• †b․Kv wb‡q †Ljv

• inm¨fiv _‡j

• BwPs wewPs wPwPs Pv

• cvwL D‡o

• ej‡Zv Kx fvewQ

• Avqbv

• iO †Quvqv

• I‡cbwU evB‡¯‥vc

• ¯§„wZi †Ljv

• hZ cv‡iv Zz‡j bvI

• dzj †UvKv

• G‡mv ej †Lwj

• †Zvgiv Kx me ej‡Z

cvi

• KvbvgvwQ †fuv †fuv

• Bu`yi-weovj

• mvZKvnb

• eb© †Pbvi †Ljv

• AvK…wZ evbvB

we‡kl ªóe¨

mnvwqKvq ewY©Z †Ljv Qvov wkÿK wewfbœ ¯vbxq †LjvI wkky‡ì wb‡q †Lj‡Z cv‡ib| Z‡e †Lqvj

ivL‡Z n‡e †LjvMy‡jv †hb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK Í‡ii wkky‡ì eqm Dc‡hvMx nq Ges wkkyiv †hb

mnvqK wbivc` cwi‡e‡k †Lj‡Z cv‡i|

wb‡ ©kbvi †Ljvi gva¨‡g wkkyi Kvw•ÿZ `ÿZvmg~n

wkÿK wb‡ ©wkKvq ewY©Z †Ljvi wbqgMy‡jv h_vh_fv‡e AbymiY K‡i †LjvMy‡jv wkky‡ì mwµq AskMÖn‡Y

Kiv‡Z cvi‡j cÖZ¨ÿ I c‡ivÿfv‡e wb¤œwjwLZ `ÿZvMy‡jv AR©‡b mnvqK n‡e|

1. wbqwgZ nuvUvPjv, †`․ovb, †Ljv, kvixwiK KmiZ, wewfbœ Kv‡R AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cviv|

2. wewfbœ wRwbm ¯~j ev m~²fv‡e ai‡Z, AuvK‡Z I •Zwi Ki‡Z cviv|

3. wewfbœ Bw›`ª‡qi eënvi I mgš^q K‡i KvR Ki‡Z cviv|

4. eÜz I mgeqmx‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k †Lj‡Z cviv|

5. eÜz I mgeqmx‡ì cÖwZ mn‡hvwMZvi g‡bvfve cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cviv|

6. †g․wLK wb‡ ©kbv (Av‡`k, Aby‡iva, Dc‡`k) AbymiY Ki‡Z cviv|

7. †Kv‡bv KvR kyiy Kivi c~‡e© g‡bv‡hvM I •`h© mnKv‡i cy‡iv wb‡ ©kbv ky‡b Ki‡Z cviv|

8. †Kv‡bv „k¨, e¯‧ ev NUbv ch©‡eÿY K‡i †Kv‡bv wKQz kbv³ I cÖKvk Ki‡Z cviv|

9. cÖkœ Ki‡Z cviv Ges cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z cviv|

10. fve MÖnY ( †`Lv Ges †kvbv) I cÖKvk (ejvi ev kvixwiK A½fw½) Ki‡Z cviv|

11. Awfbq I A½fw½i gva¨‡g †Kv‡bv wKQz Dc vcb Ki‡Z cviv|

12. Wvb-evg, †QvU-eo, Kg-†ewk, j¤v-Lv‡Uv, †gvUv-wPKb, fvwi-nvj&Kv wPwýZ Ki‡Z cviv|

13. 1-10 ch©šÍ ev¯Íe DcKiY MYbv Ki‡Z cviv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 136

14. is, AvKvi-AvK…wZ ( †Mvj, wZb‡KvYv, Pvi‡KvYv) Abyhvqx wewfbœ e¯‧ †kÖwYKiY Ki‡Z cviv|

15. †bZ…Z¡ †g‡b Pj‡Z cviv I fv‡jv Kv‡Ri cÖksmv Ki‡Z cviv|

16. ¯vbxq †Ljvq Drmv‡ni m‡½ AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cviv|

wb‡ ©kbvi †Ljv cwiPvjbvq wkÿ‡Ki KiYxq

evwl©K Ges mvßvwnK cvV cwiKíbv Abyhvqx wkÿK ch©vqµ‡g †LjvMy‡jv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| GB †LjvMy‡jv

†Ljvi Rb¨ wkkyiv hv‡Z ¯vQ‡›`¨ Pjv‡div- †QvUvQzwU Ki‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ ch©vß cwigvY RvqMvi cÖ‡qvRb

n‡e| ZvB †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡i wkkyiv †Lj‡Z cvi‡jB fv‡jv| Z‡e evB‡i RvqMvi Afve _vK‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿi

†fZ‡iB †LjvMy‡jv Kiv‡Z n‡e| †kÖwYK‡ÿi evB‡i †Ljv n‡j †Ljv †k‡l cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœ K‡i wkky‡ì

†kÖwYK‡ÿ wb‡q Avm‡Z n‡e| wkky‡ì mv‡_ wkÿK wb‡RI †Ljvq AskMÖnY Ki‡eb| GB AskMÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g

wkÿK I wkky‡ì g‡a¨ m¤úK© mnR, fxwZnxb I eÜzZ¡c~Y© n‡e| wb‡ ©wkKvq ewY©Z wbqgvbyhvqx wkÿK cÖwZwU

†Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| Z‡e me †Ljvi †ÿ‡Î wb‡¤œ ewY©Z wbqgmg~n wkÿK †g‡b Pj‡eb:

• †Ljv cwiPvjbv Kivi Av‡M †Ljvi wb‡ ©kbv c‡o †LjvwU cwiPvjbvi wbqg fv‡jvfv‡e AvqZ¡ K‡i

wb‡eb|

• DcKi‡Yi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j Av‡M †_‡KB msMÖn K‡i ivL‡eb|

• †Ljv kyiy Kivi Av‡M †Ljvi wbqgvewj wkky‡ì‡K cwi®‥vifv‡e eywS‡q ej‡eb Ges wb‡R †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q

†LjvwU wkky‡ì w`‡q †Ljv‡eb|

• †Ljvq me wkky hv‡Z AskMÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡eb|

• †h †Kv‡bv †Ljvi mgq wkky‡ì wbivcËvi wel‡q †Lqvj ivL‡eb|

• †Kv‡bv †Ljv wkky‡ì Avq‡Z¡ G‡j Zv‡ì w`‡q †Ljv cwiPvjbv Kiv‡eb| ch©vµ‡g hv‡Z cÖ‡Z¨K wkky

†Ljv cwiPvjbv Kivi my‡hvM cvq †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡eb|


†Ljv - 1 : †ijMvwo wSK& wSK&

†Ljvi wbqg

• wkkyiv jvB‡b uvwo‡q GKR‡bi Kuv‡` Av‡iKRb nvZ †i‡L j¤v †ijMvwo evbv‡eb|

• wkÿK gy‡L........... Òcuy-D-D-D-D-D-D wSK& wSK&Ó ej‡eb Ges †ijMvwo Pj‡Z _vK‡e| †ijMvwoi

mvg‡b †h wkkywU _vK‡e †m n‡e BwÄb| BwÄb †hfv‡e A½fw½ K‡i †ijMvwo Pvjv‡e Abïv mevB

GKB A½fw½ Ki‡e| wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q wewfbœ †÷k‡bi bvg †jLv KvW© _vK‡e, †hgb- bLcyi, Pzjcyi,

uvZcyi, Kvbcyi, †PvLcyi, bvKcyi BZ¨vw` bv‡gi †÷kb| wkÿK †ijMvwoi mvg‡b wM‡q GKwU KvW©

DuPz K‡i ai‡eb I Zv †Rv‡i †Rv‡i co‡eb| †hgb- bLcyi †÷kb| KvW© †`Lvi ci wkky‡ì •Zwi

†ijMvwo ax‡i ax‡i †÷k‡b G‡m _vg‡e|

• †÷k‡b _vgvi ci wkÿK GK GK K‡i me wkkyi bL cixÿv Ki‡eb| hv‡ì b‡L gqjv Av‡Q ev bL

eo Zv‡ì‡K †ijMvwo †_‡K †b‡g †h‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkkyiv jvBb †_‡K m‡i †÷k‡b uvwo‡q _vK‡e|

• Avevi wkÿK Òcuy-D-D-D-D-D-D wSK& wSK&Ó ej‡j †ijMvwo Avevi Pj‡Z kyiy Ki‡e|

• Gfv‡e wkÿK G‡K G‡K me KvW© †`Lv‡eb Ges GKBfv‡e Zv‡ì cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZv cixÿv Ki‡eb|

hviv †÷kb cvi n‡Z cvi‡e A_©vr cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZv ZvivB wRZ‡e|

• wkkyiv †LjvwU‡Z Af¨ Í n‡q †M‡j wkky‡ì ga¨ †_‡KB ch©vqµ‡g G‡KKRb‡K w`‡q †LjvwU

cwiPvjbvi eë v Ki‡eb|

• †h me wkky †÷kb cvi n‡Z cv‡iwb Zv‡ì‡K cieZ©x w`‡bB cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœ n‡q Avm‡Z DrmvwnZ

Ki‡eb hv‡Z mKj †÷kb cvi n‡Z cv‡i|

• GLv‡b K‡qKwU bgybv †÷k‡bi bvg †Ìqv n‡q‡Q| wkÿK wkky‡ì cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœZvi welqwU

we‡ePbvq G‡b AviI wewfbœ †÷k‡bi bvg eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

wbivcËv: wkkyiv †ijvMvwo evbv‡bvi I Pjvi

mgq G‡K A‡bï w`‡K Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡e

hv‡Z †KD AvNvZ bv cvq|

DcKiY: Kvbcyi, bLcyi, Pzjcyi, uvZcyi

BZ¨vw` †jLv KvW©|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 138

†Ljv - 2 : Kv‡K Zzwg eÜz PvI

†Ljvi wbqg

• wkky‡ì mevB‡K wb‡q nvZ aivawi K‡i †Mvj n‡q uvovb| †h †Kvb GKRb AvMÖnx wkky‡K e„‡Ëi gvSLv‡b

wM‡q em‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi e„‡Ë uvov‡bv wkky‡ì wb‡`q nvZ †`vjv‡Z †`vjv‡Z wb‡Pi QovwU myi K‡i ej‡eb| gv‡S emv wkkywU

Qovi mv‡_ wgj †i‡L Awfbq Ki‡e Ges K_v ej‡e|

gvjv †Mv gvjv

G‡mv Kwi †Ljv

GKwU †g‡q e‡m Av‡Q

Zvi †Kv‡bv eÜz †bB (gv‡Si wkkywU Kvbœvi fw½ Ki‡e)

I‡Vv †Mv I‡Vv (gv‡Si wkkywU D‡V uvov‡e)

†Pv‡Li cvwb †gvQ (wkkywU †Pv‡Li cvwb gyQ‡e)

nvZ w`‡q mvjvg K‡iv (wkkywU mevB‡K mvjvg Ki‡e)

nv‡Z Kx? (wkkywU GKwU e ‧i bvg ej‡e| †hgb: Kgjv)

ÔKgjviÕ is Kx (wkkywU ZLb kã ej‡e| †hgb: njy`)

GLb Kv‡K Zzwg eÜz PvI? (wkkywU Av‡iKRb wkky‡K †`wL‡q ej‡e- †Zvgv‡K)

• gv‡Si wkkywU hv‡K eÜz evbv‡jv Zv‡K Gevi gvSLv‡b wM‡q em‡Z ej‡eb Ges GKB wbq‡g †LjvwU Pvwj‡q

hvb| mevB hv‡Z gvSLv‡b hvIqvi my‡hvM cvq Ges wewfbœ dj ev dz‡ji bvg e‡j †mw`‡K jÿ ivL‡eb|

• wkkyiv Qov ej‡Z cvi‡j Ges †LjvwU‡Z Af¨¯Í n‡q †M‡j wkky‡ì‡K w`‡qB †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

we‡kl ªóe¨

wkkyiv hLb eY© ev Aÿ‡ii aviYv

cv‡e ZLb e ‧i cwie‡Z© eY© ev

Aÿi w`‡q †LjvwU Kiv‡eb| †hgb-

nv‡Z Kx ? (wkkywU GKwU eY© ev

Aÿ‡ii bvg ej‡e| †hgb: K) ÔKÕ

w`‡q Kx nq ? (wkkywU ZLb kã

ej‡e| †hgb: Kjv/Kgjv/Kjg)

wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡ ©kbv †bB| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|


†Ljv - 3 : †bŠKv wb‡q †Ljv

†Ljvi wbqg

• wkky‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q uvovb| Gevi Avcwb wkky‡ì ej‡eb †h- Òg‡b Ki Avgiv GKwU eo †b․Kvi

g‡a¨ AvwQ| ZLb nVvr So Avm‡Q| GLb Avgv‡ì euvP‡Z n‡j K‡qKRb K‡i GKmv‡_ n‡Z n‡e| Avwg

hZ msL¨v eje ZZRb K‡i †Zvgiv nvZ a‡i GKmv‡_ n‡e| hviv GKmv‡_ n‡Z cvi‡e bv Zviv Wz‡e

hv‡e A_©vr †Ljv †_‡K ev` hv‡eÓ|

• Gfv‡e wewfbœ msL¨v e‡j †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| wkkyiv hLb †LjvwUi mv‡_ Af¨ Í n‡q hv‡e, ZLb

Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K KvD‡K †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z w`b| ch©vqµ‡g cÖ‡Z¨K wkky‡K †LjvwU cwiPvjbv

Kivi my‡hvM w`‡eb|

wbivcËv: GKmv‡_ fvM nIqvi mgq wkkyiv G‡K

A‡bï w`‡K Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡e hv‡Z †KD e¨_v

bv cvq|


wkÿK mnvwqKv 140

†Ljv - 4 : inm¨fiv _‡j

†Ljvi wbqg

• nv‡Zi Kv‡Q _vKv wewfbœ DcKiY ( †hgb- †QvU ej, †Uwbm ej, wewP, PvgP, †QvU cv_i, eøK, KvwV,

B‡iRvi, †cwÝj BZ¨vw`) GKUv Kvc‡oi e¨vM ev _‡ji wfZi ivL‡eb| DcKiY wbe©vP‡bi mgq †Lqvj

ivL‡eb- GMy‡jv †hb •ewPÎ¨c~Y© I wewfbœ AvKvi-AvK…wZi nq|

• wkky‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q emyb| Gevi e„‡Ë emv †h †Kv‡bv GKRb wkkyi Kv‡Q wM‡q Zv‡K _‡ji g‡a¨

nvZ XzwK‡q GKwU wRwbm ai‡Z ej‡eb| jÿ ivL‡eb wkkywU †hb e ‧wU †`L‡Z bv cv‡i Ges nvZ _‡j

†_‡K bv †ei K‡i|

• wkkywU‡K cÖkœ Ki‡eb− ÔGwU w`‡q Kx K‡iÕ, Ôk³ bv bigÕ, ÔwK‡mi •ZwiÕ, Ô†Mvj bv j¤vÕ BZ¨vw`|

• DËi ejvi ci mevB‡K e¯‧wU †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb Ges mwVK n‡j nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K wkky‡K wewfbœ DcKi‡Yi gva¨‡g cÖkœ K‡i †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| Ges ch©vqµ‡g

cÖ‡Z¨K wkky‡K w`‡q †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

• cieZ©x‡Z _‡ji e¯‧ m¤ú‡K© Ab¨vb¨ wkky‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡Z w`‡eb|

wbivcËv: Ggb †Kvb DcKiY †Ìqv hv‡e bv †hUv

bv †`‡L bvovPvov Ki‡j/ ai‡j AvsMyj †K‡U

hvIqvi ev e¨_v cvIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K|

DcKiY: †QvU ej, †Uwbm ej, wewP, PvgP, †QvU

cv_i, eøK, KvwV, jvwUg, †cwÝj, B‡iRvimn

¯vbxqfv‡e msMÖn‡hvM¨ DcKiY|


†Ljv - 5 : BwPs wewPs wPwPs Pv

†Ljvi wbqg

• yB Rb wkky‡K G‡K Ac‡ii cv‡q cv jvwM‡q gy‡LvgywL em‡Z ej‡eb| • Ab¨ wkkyiv cÖ_‡g kyay cv‡qi Dci w`‡q jvwd‡q cvi n‡e| • Gici †Rvo cv‡qi Dci cÖ_g GKR‡bi GK nvZ, Zvici yB nvZ, Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g wZb Ges Pvi

nvZ mshy³ n‡e| cÖwZwU DPZv mshy³ Kivi ci Gi Dci w`‡q Ab¨‡ì jvwd‡q cvi n‡Z n‡e| • jvdv‡Z jvdv‡Z hvi cv †h av‡c ¯úk© Ki‡e †m †mLv‡b †_‡K AvDU n‡e| • GBfv‡e †klch©šÍ hvi cvi n‡Z cvi‡e Zviv mdj n‡e| • †h yBRb e‡m wQj Zv‡ì‡K Gevi G‡K Ac‡ii cv ¯úk© K‡i gvSLv‡b wKQzUv duvKv †i‡L em‡Z

ej‡eb| • mdjfv‡e cvi n‡Z cviv †L‡jvqvoiv ch©vqµ‡g †Rvo cv‡qi Dci w`‡q Ny‡i Ny‡i jvdv‡e Ges ej‡e-

ÔBwPs wewPs wPwPs Pv cÖRvcwZ D‡o hv|Õ • Gfv‡e †LjvwU Pj‡Z _vK‡e| Ges ch©vqµ‡g me wkkyi GKevi K‡i Qov ejvmn jvdv‡bv n‡j †LjvwU

†kl n‡e|

wbivcËv: jvdv‡bv mgq mZK© _vKv †hb AvNvZ bv jv‡M| yBRb

wkky‡K `xN©ÿY e‡m _vK‡Z nq e‡j Zv‡ì nvZ/ cv e¨_v n‡Z cv‡i|

ZvB wkkyiv Amyweav †eva Ki‡j cÖ_g yBRb‡K e`‡j Ab¨ yBRb

wkky‡K em‡Z ej‡Z n‡e|


wkÿK mnvwqKv 142

†Ljv - 6 : cvwL D‡o †Ljvi wbqg

• wkky‡ì wb‡q G‡K Ac‡ii nvZ a‡i †Mvj n‡q uvov‡eb|

• wkÿK hLb ej‡eb ÒKvK D‡oÓ ZLb wkkyiv yÕnvZ cvwL Dovi g‡Zv K‡i †`vjv‡e| hLb ej‡e ÒnvwZ

D‡oÓ ZLb nvZ bv DwV‡q uvwo‡q _vK‡e|

• †h me cÖvYx D‡o †mMy‡jvi bvg ejvi ci nvZ †`vjv‡e, †hgb- KeyZi, Po B, gqbv, KvK, wPj BZ¨vw`|

Avi †h me D‡o bv †mMy‡jvi bvg ejvi ci nvZ DVv‡j †Ljv †_‡K AvDU n‡q hv‡e| †hgb- nvwZ, Ni,

†Uwej, eB BZ¨vw`|

• Gfv‡e wewfbœ Rxe, Rš‧ wRwbm Ges cvwLi bvg e‡j †LjvwU †Lj‡e| †hme wkky mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z

cvi‡e Zv‡ì‡K Abïv nvZZvwj w`‡q DrmvwnZ Ki‡e|

• cÖ_g w`‡K wkÿK wb‡R †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| cieZ©x‡Z ch©vqµ‡g GKRb GKRb K‡i wkkyiv

†LjvwU GKBfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡e|



†Ljv - 7 : ej‡Zv Kx fvewQ ? †Ljvi wbqg

• mevB‡K †Mvj n‡q uvov‡Z ej‡eb| Avcwb wb‡R †Mv‡ji gvSLv‡b uvov‡eb|

• Avcwb g‡b g‡b †Kv‡bv e ‧‡K fveyb ( †hgb- †b․Kv)| Gevi mevB‡K ejyb- Avwg GKwU wRwb‡mi bvg

g‡b g‡b fvewQ| GUv cvwb‡Z _v‡K| Kv‡Vi •Zwi| Gfv‡e K¬z w`‡Z n‡e, hZÿY bv wkkyiv GwUi mwVK

DËi w`‡Z cv‡i|

• †h Av‡M ej‡Z cvi‡e Zv‡K Gevi Avcbvi RvqMvq Avm‡Z ej‡eb| GKBfv‡e †Kv‡bv wRwb‡mi K_v

fve‡Z Ges †m m¤ú‡K© wKQz cÖkœ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| GKvwaKRb mwVK DËi w`‡j †h Av‡M DËi w`‡q‡Q

Zv‡K gvSLv‡b Avmvi my‡hvM w`‡eb|

• cÖ_g w`‡b hviv gvSLv‡b Avmvi my‡hvM cvqwb, c‡ii w`b Zv‡`i mwVK DËi w`‡q gvSLv‡b Avm‡Z

DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

G †LjvwU Awfb‡qi gva¨‡gI Kiv hvq:

• †hgb- GKRb wkky‡K e„‡Ëi gvSLv‡b wb‡q Avm‡eb| Zv‡K ej‡jb †m †hb gy‡L †Kv‡bv K_v bv e‡j

Awfbq ev A½fw½ K‡i wKQz †evSv‡bvi †Póv K‡i- hv †m g‡b g‡b †f‡e‡Q| Ab¨iv Zvi mwVK DËi

w`‡Z †Póv Ki‡e|


wkÿK mnvwqKv 144

†Ljv - 8 : Avqbv †Ljvi wbqg

• wkky‡ì U AvK…wZ‡Z em‡Z A_ev uvov‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi ejyb- Avcwb hv Ki‡eb wkkyivI †hb ZvB

AbyKiY K‡i| A_©vr Avcwb hw` nvZ Zvwj †`b wkkyivI nvZ Zvwj w`‡e| Avcwb hw` nvZ bvovb

Zvn‡j wkkyivI nvZ bvov‡e|

• Gfv‡e Avcwb wKQzÿY †LjvwU K‡i †`Lv‡eb Gici †h †Kv‡bv GKRb wkky‡K Avcbvi RvqMvq wb‡q

Avm‡eb| wkkywU‡K Zvi B‡Qg‡Zv K‡i A½fw½ Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Abïv H wkkyi A½fw½ AbyKiY I

AbymiY Ki‡e|

• ch©vqµ‡g me wkky‡K †LjvwU‡K cwiPvjbv Kivi my‡hvM w`‡eb|

• †h wkky †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡e †m Ggb ¯v‡b uvov‡e †hb Ab¨ wkkyiv Zv‡K †`L‡Z cvq|

• cÖ‡Z¨K wkky‡K ch©‡eÿ‡Yi mgq Zvi Kv‡Ri cÖksmv Ki‡eb| GgbwK †h wkky †Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡e

Zv‡KI Ab¨ wkky‡ì Øviv cÖksmv Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

cÖ_gw`‡K Gfv‡eB †LjvwU Pj‡Z _vK‡e| wkkyiv Af¨ Í n‡q †M‡j wkÿK G †LjvwU‡K AviI P¨v‡jwÄs Kivi

Rb¨ GKUz wfbœfv‡e wb‡ ©kbv w`‡eb| †hgb−

• wkÿK wkky‡ì ej‡eb, Avwg gy‡L hv eje Zv †Zvgiv Ki‡e bv, Avwg Avm‡j hv Kie †Zvgiv Zv-B

Ki‡e|

• Gici wkÿK gy‡L ej‡eb, ÔnvZ ZvwjÕ wKš‧ wZwb ZLb Zzwo evRv‡eb| wkky‡ì‡K Zzwo evRv‡Z n‡e|

A_ev wkÿK gy‡L ej‡eb ÔbvK awiÕ wKš‧ wkÿK Pzj ai‡eb, wkky‡ì‡K Pzj ai‡Z n‡e| hviv

mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv Zviv AvDU n‡q qv‡e|

wbivcËv: wkky‡ì kix‡ii Rb¨ SuywKc~Y© †Kv‡bv

A½fw½ Kiv hv‡e bv|



†Ljv - 9 : iO †Quvqv †Ljvi wbqg

• `vM w`‡q gvwU‡Z eo GKUv e„Ë AuvK‡eb|

• wkky‡ì wb‡q e„‡Ëi gv‡S †Mvj n‡q uvov‡eb|

• wgDwRK ev evRbv evRv‡bvi mv‡_ mv‡_ mevB‡K e„‡Ëi gv‡S B‡Qg‡Zv nuvU‡Z ej‡eb| ev`¨h‡š¿i

eë¯v bv _vK‡j SzbSzwb A_ev Zv‡j Zv‡j nvZZvwji gva¨‡g KvRwU Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkÿ‡Ki

†gvevB‡j wgDwR‡Ki eë v _vK‡j †mwUI eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• wgDwRK ev evRbv _vgvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Avcwb GKUv i‡Oi bvg ejyb| Gevi cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Avjv`v

Avjv`vfv‡e H i‡Oi †h †Kvb wRwbm Quy‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB wewfbœ i‡Oi wRwbm Qwo‡q

wQwU‡q ivL‡eb| iO †Quvqvi Rb¨ GKUv mgq †eu‡a w`‡eb| hviv mg‡qi g‡a¨ Quy‡Z cvi‡e bv Zviv ev`

hv‡e|

• Avevi c~‡e©i g‡Zv evRbv evwR‡q †Ljv kyiy Ki‡eb Ges Ab¨ GKUv i‡Oi bvg ej‡eb|

• GKUv wRwbm GKR‡bi †ewk Quy‡Z cvi‡e bv Ggb wbqg †eu‡a †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| G‡Z †LjvwU

cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y© n‡e|

• cÖ_gw`‡K wkky‡ì Lye cwiwPZ is †hgb- mv`v, jvj BZ¨vw` bvg ej‡eb| ch©vqµ‡g me i‡Oi bvg

ej‡eb|

• cÖ_g cÖ_g K‡qKevi Avcwb wb‡R †Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| Gi ci Avcwb wkky‡ì‡K w`‡q †Ljv

cwiPvjbv Kiv‡eb|

wbivcËv: iO Quy‡Z wM‡q Zvovnyov K‡i wkkyiv †hb

e¨_v bv cvq †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|

DcKiY: ev`¨hš¿ ev SzbSywb I wewfbœ i‡Oi e¯‧|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 146

†Ljv - 10 : I‡cbwU evB‡¯‹vc †Ljvi wbqg

• †h †Kv‡bv yBRb wkky‡K WvK‡eb| Zviv gy‡LvgywL uvwo‡q nv‡Z nvZ jvwM‡q DuPz K‡i ai‡e| Ab¨iv

mvgvb¨ ~‡i Kuv‡` nvZ †i‡L jvB‡b uvov‡eb|

• nvZ DuPz K‡i aiv yÕRb wkky wb‡Pi QovwU Ave„wZ Ki‡Z _vKvi mg‡q jvB‡b uvov‡bv wkkyiv H yBRb

wkkyi gvS w`‡q Nyi‡Z _vK‡e|

I‡cbwU evB‡¯‥vc

bvBb †Ub †ZB‡¯‥vc

PzjUvbv weweqvbv

mv‡ne wewei •eVKLvbv|

mv‡ne e‡j‡Q †h‡Z,

cvb mycvwi †L‡Z

cv‡bi AvMvq †g․wi evUv,

Bw¯úwis- Gi Pvwe AuvUv|

hvi bvg †ibyevjv

Zv‡i w`jvg gy-³v-i gvjv|

• QovwU Ave„wZ †k‡l nvZ DuPz Kiv wkky yÕRb Ôgy-³v-i gvjvÕ ejvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †h nv‡Zi wfZ‡i Avm‡e

†mB wkkyi Mjvq gvjv civ‡bvi g‡Zv K‡i nvZ w`‡q AvUKv‡e|

• AvUKv‡bv wkkywU †Ljv †_‡K AvDU n‡e| AvDU nIqv wkky †MB‡Ui `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡e Ges †MB‡U

`vwqZ¡ cvjbiZ wkky jvBb/†PB‡b hy³ n‡e|

wbivcËv: nv‡Zi wfZi AvUKv‡bvi mgq hv‡Z †PvL

ev bv‡K e¨_v bv cvq|



†Ljv - 11 : ¯§„wZi †Ljv †Ljvi wbqg

• wkkyiv †Mvj n‡q em‡e|

• wkÿK e„‡Ëi gvSLv‡b 4/5 wU DcKiY mvwR‡q †i‡L wkky‡ì‡K fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi GKRb wkky‡K Ab¨ Av‡iKRb wkkyi †PvL nvZ w`‡q ai‡Z ejyb †hb †m †`L‡Z bv cvq|

(wkkywU‡K †PvL eÜ ivLvi wKsev Ab¨ w`‡K ZvwK‡q ZvKvi K_vI ejv †h‡Z cv‡i)| wkÿK Gici ªyZ

DcKiYMy‡jv yB GKUv RvqMv e`j K‡i mvRv‡eb A_ev yB GKUv ILvb †_‡K mwi‡q †dj‡eb|

• Gevi †PvL Ly‡j ILvb †_‡K †Kvb wRwbmMy‡jv miv‡bv n‡q‡Q wkkywU‡K †mMy‡jvi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb

A_ev DcKiYMy‡jv Av‡M †hfv‡e mvRv‡bv wQj †mfv‡e mvRv‡Z ej‡eb| GKBfv‡e K‡qKevi †LjvwU

†Ljv‡eb|

• wKQzUv Af¨ Í n‡q †M‡j wkky‡ì ga¨ †_‡KB ch©vqµ‡g †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| cÖwZw`b †hb

GKB DcKiY eënvi Kiv bv nq †m w`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡eb| nv‡Zi Kv‡Q me wRwbm‡K GLv‡b DcKiY

wn‡m‡e eënvi Kiv hv‡e|

wbivcËv: mZK©fv‡e wkky‡ì †PvL ai‡Z ejyb †hb

†Pv‡L e¨_v ev AvNvZ bv jv‡M|

DcKiY: nv‡Zi Kv‡Q †Pbv DcKiY; †hgb

†cbwmj, Kjg, Mv‡Qi cvZv, LvZv, eB BZ¨vw`|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 148

†Ljv - 12 : hZ cv‡iv Zz‡j bvI †Ljvi wbqg

• gvSLv‡b GKwU e„Ë Gu‡K Zv‡Z wewfbœ ai‡bi DcKiY/wRwbm ivL‡eb| †hgb- wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv,

KvW©, eY©, msL¨v, eøK, Q°v, †¯‥j, †cwÝj, PK BZ¨vw`|

• wkky‡`i msL¨v Abyhvqx K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb (3/4/5)|

• e„Ë n‡Z mgvb ~i‡Z¡ cÖ‡Z¨KwU `‡ji Rb¨ GKwU K‡i RvqMv wVK K‡i w`‡eb Ges †Ljv kyiæi c~‡e© ¯^-

¯ `j‡K †mLv‡b Ae vb/A‡cÿv Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkky‡`i‡K ej‡eb †h euvwk evRv‡bvi mv‡_ mv‡_ cÖwZwU `j †_‡K GKRb GKRb K‡i G‡m e„‡Ëi

wfZi ivLv †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU DcKiY/wRwbm Zz‡j wb‡q Zvi wb‡Ri `‡j wd‡i hv‡e?

• †h wkkywU DcKiY/wRwbm †bqvi Rb¨ Avm‡e †m wkkywU `‡j wd‡i bv Avmv ch©šÍ Ab¨Rb wbR Ni Z¨vM

Ki‡e bv|

• euvwk evRv‡bvi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Ljv kyiy n‡e|

• GKRb GKwUi †ewk DcKiY Avb‡Z cvi‡e bv| e„Ë †_‡K DcKiY †bIqv †kl nIqv ch©šÍ †Ljv

Pj‡e|

• Gevi GK GK K‡i meMy‡jv `‡ji KvQ †_‡K wkÿK kyb‡e †Kvb `j KZ ai‡bi I KZMy‡jv wRwbm ev

DcKiY wb‡q‡Q|

• wkkyiv MYbv Ki‡e Ges msM„nxZ DcKi‡Yi msL¨v I bvg ej‡e| wkÿK cÖ‡qvR‡b mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb|

†h `j hZ ai‡bi Ges hZ †ewk DcKiY/wRwbm Zz‡j‡Q †mB `jB weRqx n‡e|

wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡ ©kbv †bB| DcKiY: wewfbœ ai‡bi cvZv, KvW©, eY©, msL¨v,

eøK, Av‡kcv‡ki wewfbœ †QvU †QvU e¯‧|


†Ljv - 13 : dzj †UvKv †Ljvi wbqg

• wkkyiv yBwU `‡j fvM n‡q gy‡LvgywL yÕjvB‡b em‡e| yB jvB‡bi gvSLv‡b h‡_ó duvKv _vK‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K

`j wb‡Riv GKRb K‡i `j‡bZv wbe©vPb Ki‡e|

• `j‡bZvØq wbR wbR `‡ji cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki GKwU K‡i my›ì bvg ivL‡e †hgb GKRb ivL‡e cvwLi bv‡g

bvg, Avevi Ab¨`j dz‡ji bv‡g bvg BZ¨vw`| Z‡e GK`‡ji m`m¨‡ì bvg Ab¨`‡ji m`mïv Rvb‡Z

cvi‡e bv|

• GK`‡ji †bZv Ab¨ `‡ji †h †Kv‡bv GKR‡bi wcQ‡b uvwo‡q †Pv‡Li Dci nvZ Pvcv w`‡q ai‡e|

wb‡Ri `‡ji GKRb‡K bZzb †Ìqv bvg a‡i WvK‡e| †hgb, ÒAvq‡i Avgvi †Mvjvc dzjÓ| hvi bvg

a‡i WvK‡e †m G‡m hvi †Pv‡L nvZ Pvcv w`‡q aiv n‡q‡Q, Zvi Kcv‡j Av½yj w`‡q †UvKv (g„ y ¯úk©)

w`‡q wb‡Ri RvqMvq wM‡q em‡e| emvi ci `‡ji mevB nvZ Zvwj w`‡q|

• `j‡bZv †Pv‡Li Dci nvZ Pvcv †Q‡o w`‡q †K †UvKv w`‡q‡Q Zvi bvg ej‡Z ej‡e| hw` ej‡Z cv‡i

Z‡e †m yÕcv‡qi Dci fi K‡i GK jv‡d hZUzKz ~iZ¡ AwZµg Kiv hvq Zv AwZµg K‡i †mLv‡b

wM‡q em‡e| ej‡Z bv cvi‡j †h †UvKv w`‡q‡Q †m GKjv‡d hZUyKz ~iZ¡ AwZµg Kiv hvq jvd w`‡q

†mLv‡b wM‡q em‡e|

• cybivq Ab¨ `‡ji `j‡bZv GKB wbq‡g wecÿ `‡ji GKR‡bi †Pv‡L nvZ Pvcv w`‡q ai‡e| Gfv‡e

GKB wbq‡g †Ljv Pj‡e|

• †Lj‡Z †Lj‡Z †h `j Ab¨ `‡ji cÖ_g emvi v‡b wM‡q Av‡M †cu․Qv‡Z cvi‡e †m `jB †Ljvq weRqx

n‡e|

we‡kl ªóe¨: †h wkky‡K bvg ej‡Z ejv n‡q‡Q †mQvov Ab¨ wkkyiv hv‡Z bvg e‡j bv †`q wkÿK †mw`‡K

†Lqvj ivL‡eb|

wbivcËv: †PvL aiv, †UvKv †Ìqv Ges jvd †Ìqvi

†ÿ‡Î †hb e¨_v bv cvq †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|


wkÿK mnvwqKv 150

†Ljv - 14 : G‡mv ej †Lwj †Ljvi wbqg

• wkky‡`i‡K Lye KvQvKvwQ †Mvj n‡q uvov‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi Avcwb wb‡R †Mv‡ji (e„‡Ëi) gvSLv‡b

GKwU †QvU AvKv‡ii ej wb‡q uvov‡eb|

• Avcbvi wVK mvg‡bi Rb‡K ejwU Quy‡o (†_ªv Kiv) w`‡eb †hb †m mn‡RB K¨vP ai‡Z cv‡i|

• †h wkkywU K¨vP aij Zv‡K Zvi cv‡ki Rb‡K ejwU cvm w`‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e 2 ev 3 Rb‡K cvm

†`Iqvi ci Z…Zxq ev PZz_© Rb‡K Avevi ejwU Avcbvi Kv‡Q Quy‡o gvi‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi Avcwb Gi c‡ii R‡bi Kv‡Q ejwU †_ªv Ki‡eb| Gfv‡e †LjvwU‡K wKQzÿY Pvwj‡q wb‡eb|

• Gici ejwU Avcbvi Kv‡Q wbb| GKRb‡K wbw`©ó K‡i ev †W‡K Zvi Kv‡Q ejwU cv w`‡q gvwU‡Z

Mov‡bv cvm w`b| Zv‡K cv w`‡qB ejwU wiwmf Ki‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b Kxfv‡e Avj&‡Zv K‡i ej

wiwmf Ki‡Z nq Zv K‡qKevi mevB‡K †`wL‡q w`‡eb|

• ej wiwmf Kiv wkkywU‡K wVK GKBfv‡e Avcbvi Kv‡Q cvm w`‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gfv‡e wkkyi mv‡_ K‡qKevi ej cvm I wiwm‡fi †LjvwU †Lj‡eb|

• cÖ_gw`‡K e„ËwU †QvU K‡i Lye KvQvKvwQ uvov‡eb| GKUz Af¨ Í n‡q †M‡j e„Ë eo K‡i w`‡eb|

• †LjvwU‡K cÖwZ‡hvwMZvc~Y© Kivi Rb¨

†h K¨vP ai‡Z cvi‡e bv ev cvm

wiwmf Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv Zv‡K AvDU

†NvlYv Ki‡eb|

• Gevi e„‡Ëi gvSLv‡b GKwU cvÎ

(Szwi/evjwZ) ivLyb| Gici

mdUejwU‡K e„‡Ëi gv‡S _vKv

cvÎwU‡Z †dj‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖ_‡g Lye KvQ †_‡K Ges cieZ©x‡Z

ch©vµ‡g e„‡Ëi ~iZ¡ evwo‡q †LjvwU‡K

AvKl©Yxq K‡i Zzj‡eb|

wbivcËv: ej aivi mgq wkkyiv hv‡Z e¨_v bv cvq

†mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e|

DcKiY: mdUej/ †QvU AvKv‡ii dzUej|


†Ljv-15 : †Zvgiv Kx me ej‡Z cv‡iv?

†Ljvi wbqg

• wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q uvov‡eb| wkÿK mevB‡K †Ljvi wbqg e‡j w`‡eb| Gici Zvwj I Zzwo

evRv‡bvi ZvjwU K‡qKevi K‡i †`wL‡q w`‡eb|

• GKRb `j‡bZv n‡e| `j‡bZv 1, 2, 3, 4 e‡j †Ljv ïiæ Ki‡e| †Ljvi mgq mevB GKmv‡_ yBwU

K‡i Zvwj Ges yBwU K‡i Zzwo w`‡e| Zvwj †`qvi mgq †KD K_v ej‡Z cvi‡e bv| ïay Zzwo †Ìqvi

mgq ej‡e|

• `j‡bZv : †Zvgiv Kx me ( yB Zvwj)

ej‡Z cv‡iv (`yB Zvwj)

GKwU K‡i (`yB Zvwj)

dz‡ji bvg (`yB Zvwj)

†hgb a‡iv ( yB Zvwj)

†Mv ----- jv ----- c (`yB Zvwj)

†hgb a‡iv ( yB Zvwj)

Gevi Ab¨Rb ej‡e : e ----- Ky ------ j (`yB Zvwj)

`j‡bZv : †hgb a‡iv (`yB Zvwj)

c‡iiRb ej‡e: nvmbv -------- †nbv

• Gfv‡e †LjvwU Pj‡Z _vK‡e| Zv‡j Zv‡j ejvi mgq hw` †KD dz‡ji bvg ej‡Z fyj K‡i ZLb

`j‡bZv welq cwieZ©b K‡i dj, gvQ, mewR, cvwL wKsev cï BZ¨vw` †h‡Kv‡bv wel‡qi bvg Aš Ífy©³

Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• cÖ_‡g Avcwb `j‡bZv n‡q †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| wkïiv †LjvwU‡Z Af¨¯ Í n‡q hIqvi ci Zv‡ì

cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z w`‡eb|

wbivcËv : we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡ ©kbv †bB| DcKiY: cÖ‡qvRb †bB|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 152

†Ljv-16: KvbvgvwQ †fuv †fuv

†Ljvi wbqg

• cÖ_‡gB GKRb‡K KvbvgvwQ wbe©vPb Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î Av‡jvPbvi gva¨g A_ev jUvwi ev U‡mi gva¨‡g

KvbvgvwQ wbe©vPb Kiv hv‡e|

• †Ljv ïiæ‡Z iægvj w`‡q KvbvgvwQi †PvL eÜ K‡i w`‡eb| Ggbfv‡e †PvL eÜ Ki‡eb hv‡Z †m †`L‡Z

bv cvq| Zvici KvbvgvwQ‡K GK P°i Nywi‡q gv‡Vi gvSLv‡b †Q‡o w`‡eb| Gevi Ab¨ †L‡jvqvoiv

Pviw`K †_‡K KvbvgvwQ‡K †UvKv w`‡Z †Póv Ki‡e Avi ej‡Z _vK‡e

KvbvgvwQ †fuv †fuv

hv‡i cvm Zv‡i †Quv

• KvbvgvwQ KvD‡K ai‡Z A_ev Qzu‡Z cvi‡j Avi †PvL eÜ Ae vq Zvi bvg ej‡Z cvi‡j †mB

†L‡jvqvowU ZLb KvbvgvwQ n‡q hv‡e|

• Avi ej‡Z bv cvi‡j ev fyj ej‡j †m-B Avevi KvbvgvwQ n‡e| Gfv‡e †Ljv Pj‡Z _vK‡e|

wbivcËv: KvbvgvwQi †QvL euvav I †Quvqvi mgq †hb

AvNvZ bv cvq †mw`‡K „wó ivL‡Z n‡e|

DcKiY: iægvj, Iobv ev Kvco|


†Ljv-17: Bu yi-weovj

†Ljvi wbqg

• wkï‡ì nvZ aivawi K‡i GKwU e„Ë •Zwi Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì ga¨ †_‡K Um ev jUvwii gva¨‡g GKRb‡K Bu`yi I GKRb‡K weovj wbe©vPb Ki‡eb| evwKiv

nvZ aivawi K‡i †Mvj uvov‡e|

• Bu`yi †Mv‡ji gvSLv‡b Ges weovj e„‡Ëi evB‡i _vK‡e|

• Avcwb euvwk evwR‡q A_ev ÷vU© e‡j †Ljv ïiæi ms‡KZ w`‡eb| ms‡K‡Zi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Ljv Avi¤¢ n‡e|

• weovj Bu`yi‡K avIqv Ki‡e| Bu`yi wb‡R‡K iÿvi Rb¨ e„‡Ëi evB‡i Ges wfZ‡i hvIqv Avmv ev

†`․ov‡`․wo Ki‡e|

• Bu`yi wfZi evB‡i †`․ov‡`¨wo Kivi mgq e„‡Ëi †L‡jvqvoiv nvZ DuPz K‡i evB‡i hvIqvi I wfZ‡i

†XvKvi Rb¨ mvnvh¨ Ki‡e Ges weovj‡K evav †Ìqvi †Póv Ki‡e|

• cÖ‡Z¨K wkï GKevi weovj n‡e I GKevi Bu yi n‡e|

wbivcËv: weovj‡K evav †Ìqvi mgq mZK©

_vKv, †hb †KD e¨_v bv cvq|


wkÿK mnvwqKv 154

†Ljv-18: mvZKvnb

†Ljvi wbqg

• wkï‡ì‡K jUvwii gva¨‡g yB `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| cÖwZ `‡j mvZRb _vK‡e|

• wPÎ Abyhvqx yB `‡ji Rb¨ ywU eo e„ËvKvi Ni Ges eo e„ËvKvi N‡ii mvg‡b mgvb ~i‡Z¡ ci ci

mvZwU ¯úU (†QvU e„ËvKvi Ni) AuvK‡Z n‡e|

• cÖwZwU eo N‡i mvZwU K‡i ¸wU ivLv _vK‡e|

• yB `‡ji wkïiv Zv‡ì wbR wbR eo N‡ii †cQ‡b Ae vb Ki‡e|

• wkÿK‡ì †Ìqv ms‡K‡Zi m‡½ m‡½ yB`j GKm‡½ †Ljv ïiæ Ki‡e|

• eo Ni †_‡K GKwU GKwU K‡i ¸wU wb‡q †QvU Ni¸‡jv‡Z emv‡Z n‡e|

• ¸wU †bIqvi mgq Ges emv‡bvi mgq Aek¨B em‡Z n‡e|

• GKRb ¸wU wb‡q †QvU N‡i ewm‡q wd‡i Avmvi ci Ab¨Rb ¸wU emv‡Z †h‡Z cvi‡e|

• me¸‡jv N‡i ¸wU emv‡bv †kl n‡j GKB wbqg AbymiY K‡i †QvU Ni †_‡K eo N‡i ¸wU Avb‡Z n‡e|

• †hB `j Av‡M KvR †kl Ki‡Z cvi‡e †mB `j weRqx n‡e|

• ch©vqµ‡g `‡ji cÖwZwU m`m¨‡K AskMÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|

we‡kl ªóe¨: wkïiv msL¨v †ewk n‡j yB Gi AwaK `j evbv‡Z n‡e Ges GKBfv‡e eo I †QvU

e„ËvKvi Ni I ¸wUi eë¯v Ki‡Z n‡e|

wbivcËv: ywU `‡ji g‡a¨ ch©vß ~iZ¡ _vK‡e, †hb ci¯úi

av°v bv jv‡M|

DcKiY: PK cvDWvi, ¸wU|


†Ljv-19 : eY© †Pviv †Ljv

†Ljvi wbqg

• wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q uvov‡eb| mevB‡K GKwU K‡i e‡Y©i KvW© w`‡eb| eY© KvW© †Ìqvi mgq wkÿK

Aek¨B †Lqvj ivL‡eb †hb †h KvW©¸‡jv wkÿv_x©‡ì nv‡Z †Ìqv n‡q‡Q GB eY©¸wji mv‡_ B‡Zvg‡a¨

wkÿv_x©iv cwiwPZ n‡q‡Q|

• Gevi Avcwb GKwU cwiwPZ kã DPviY Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡ì g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q ïb‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b

kã KvW© •Zwi K‡i wkï‡ì †`Lv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| Gevi †h kãwU DPviY K‡i‡Qb †mB k‡ãi cÖ_g

eY©wU hv‡ì Kv‡Q Av‡Q Zv‡ì‡K nvZ Zzj‡Z ej‡eb|

• †hgb ej‡eb ÒKjgÓ| Gfv‡e wewfbœ cwiwPZ kã DPviY Ki‡eb I jÿ ivL‡eb hv‡Z wkïiv mevB eY©

kbv³ Kivi my‡hvM cvq|

• wkïiv hLb †Ljvi mv‡_ Af¨¯ Í n‡q hv‡e ZLb Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K KvD‡K †Ljv cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z w`‡eb|

wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡ ©kbv †bB| DcKiY: eY© KvW©|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 156

†Ljv-20 : AvK…wZ evbvB

†Ljvi wbqg

• wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb †hb cÖwZwU `‡j Kgc‡ÿ 8 Rb wkï _v‡K|

• wkÿK c~‡e©B †Mvj, Pvi‡KvYv Ges wZb‡KvY AvK…wZi KvW© •Zwi K‡i ivL‡eb|

• wkÿK hLb †mB KvW© †`Lv‡eb cÖwZwU `j nv‡Z nvZ †i‡L †mB AvK…wZ •Zwi Ki‡e|

• †hB `j Av‡M AvK…wZ •Zwi Ki‡e Zv‡ì cÖksmv Ki‡eb|

• KvW© QvovI †Mvj, Pvi‡KvY Ges wZb‡KvYv gy‡L e‡jI †LjvwU †Ljv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• wkïiv hLb †Ljvq Af¨ Í n‡e ZLb Zv‡ì ga¨ †_‡K ch©vqµ‡g †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z †Ìqv †h‡Z cv‡i|

wbivcËv: we‡kl wbivcËv wb‡ ©kbv †bB| DcKiY: wewfbœ AvK…wZi KvW©|


Ab¨vb¨ KvR I cÖ‡R± IqvK©

(cwi‡ek, weÁvb, cÖhyw³, ¯^v¯’¨, wbivcËv I mgvcbx)

cwi‡ek weÁvb cÖhyw³ ¯^v¯’¨ wbivcËv mgvcbx cÖ‡R± IqvK©

hv wb‡q

Avgv‡ì

cwi‡ek

wK n‡Q †Kb

n‡Q

mvaviY

miÄvgvw` I

hš¿cvwZ

Avgvi kixi wbivcËv D‡jøL‡hvM¨

KvR wb‡q

Av‡jvPbv

cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ

mßvn

Avgvi wcÖq

wRwbm¸‡jv

†i․ ª Qvqvi

†Ljv

Ny‡i †eovB

hvbevn‡b

•`bw›`b ¯v¯¨

welqK K_KZv

muvZvi wkï‡ì †_‡K

Rvbv

ex‡Ri

A¼z‡iv`Mg

cÖwµqv

dm‡ji gvV,

b`x, cvnvo,

eb, mvMi

fvmv †Wvevi

†Ljv

cÖPwjZ I

cwiwPZ cÖhyw³

n‡iK iKg

Lvevi `vevi

c_ Pwj wbqg

†g‡b

wkï‡ì nvwRiv Avgv‡ì cQ‡›ì

dzj, dj, mewR

I gvQ

Avgvi Kv‡Qi

gvbyl¸‡jv

evZv‡m cvZv

b‡o Ges †gN

†_‡K e„wó nq

Avgiv mevB

KvQvKvwQ

wbivc` cvwb iv Ív

cvivcv‡ii

†Ljv

†kªwYKÿ

¸wQ‡q ivLv

Avgvi wcÖq

cÖvYx

myBP wUc‡j

evwZ R¡‡j

Lvevi Av‡M I

c‡i wekªvg

wec‡` Avwg

fq Kwi bv

nvZ †avqv

Avgvi mviv

w`b: w`‡bi

wewfbœ Ask

Ro I Rxe Amy¯Zv nqivwb I

wbhv©Zbg~jK

AvPiY

we`vq Rvbv‡bv

MÖx®§, el©v Ges

kxZKvj

Dw™¢` I cÖvYx

e„wó, So, eb¨v,

f~wgK¤ú

evwo I

we`¨vjq

ivL‡ev cwiQbœ

MvQcvjv I

cïcvwL Avgvi

eÜz

wkÿK mnvwqKv 158

cwi‡ek

(K) hv wb‡q Avgv‡ì cwi‡ek

wkLbdj: 6.1.1 Pvicv‡ki cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ Dcv`vb (†hgb-gvwU, cvwb, evZvm, MvQ, dzj, dj, gvQ, cvwL,

cky, m~h©, Puv`, hvbevnb BZ¨vw`) wPb‡Z I bvg ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: wd¬c PvU©, Avgvi eB|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| AZtci Zv‡ì ej‡eb, ÒAvR Avgiv Avgv‡ì we`¨vj‡qi Av‡kcv‡k

Kx Kx wRwbm Av‡Q Zv †`Le|Ó

• GKv‡Ri Rb¨ wkï‡ì mevB‡K †kªwYK‡ÿi evB‡i wb‡q hv‡eb| †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e wkïiv †hb Lye †ewk

~‡i bv hvq Ges †QvUvQzwU bv K‡i| wkïiv cÖ‡Z¨‡K Av‡kcv‡k hv wKQz †`‡L‡Q Zv g‡b ivL‡Z ej‡eb|

†`Lv †kl n‡j †kªwYK‡ÿ wdwi‡q Avb‡eb|

• Gevi wkï‡ì ej‡eb †Zvgiv hv wKQz †`‡LQ Zv GKRb GKRb K‡i e‡jv| wkï‡ì DËi †ev‡W© wj‡L

GKwU ZvwjKv •Zwi Ki‡eb| ZvwjKvwU wkï‡ì D‡Ï‡k¨ c‡o †kvbv‡eb|

• Gevi cÖ_‡g Avgvi eB‡qi 83 c„ôvi wPÎ ÔAvgvi cwi‡ekÕ Ges c‡i PvU© Gi c„ôv 1, 2 I 3 cÖ`k©b K‡i

Av‡kcv‡ki MvQcvjvi cvkvcvwk gvQ, cïcvwL, m~h©, Puv`, hvbevnb, gvwU, cvwb I evZvm †m Av‡Q Zv gy‡L ej‡Z

ej‡eb|

• we ¨vj‡qi Av‡kcv‡k wkïiv hv † ‡L‡Q Zvi GKwU K‡i Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| AuvKv †k‡l Qwe †`qv‡j jvMv‡bv

KvM‡R AvVv w ‡q jvMv‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e GKwU eo †cv÷vi •Zwi Ki‡Z ej‡eb| †cv÷viwU †`qv‡j Szwj‡q

w ‡eb|

(L) Avgvi wcÖq wRwbm¸‡jv-

wkLbdj: 6.1.4 wb‡Ri evwoi Ges we`¨vj‡qi wRwbmcÎ wPb‡e Ges G¸‡jvi cÖwZ hZ¥kxj n‡e|

DcKiY: KvMR, †cwÝj, †µqb BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Zvi wb‡Ri eënvi Kiv me‡P‡q wcÖq wRwb‡mi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb| †ev‡W© wkïi bvg wj‡L Zvi

cv‡k wkïwUi wcÖq wRwb‡mi bvg wjL‡eb| mK‡ji ejv †kl nIqvi ci †ev‡W©i ZvwjKvwU wkï‡ì c‡o

ïbv‡eb| wRwbm¸‡jv †Kb Zv‡ì wcÖq Zv K‡qKRb wkï‡K cÖkœ K‡i Rvb‡Z Pvb| Kxfv‡e wRwbm¸‡jv‡K Zviv

hZœ K‡i ZvI Rvb‡Z Pvb| GKBfv‡e wkïi evwo‡Z Avi Kx Kx wRwbm Av‡Q Zvi GKwU ZvwjKv Ki‡eb|

yGKUv wRwbm ZvwjKv †_‡K wb‡q Zvi eënvi m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb| †hgb-†KD †Pqvi ej‡j

†Pqvi Avgiv Kx Kv‡R eënvi Kwi Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| wRwbm¸‡jv †h‡nZz Avgv‡ì A‡bK Kv‡R jv‡M ZvB

G¸‡jv‡K fv‡jvfv‡e hZœ Kivi wel‡q wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb Ges Kxfv‡e hZœ Ki‡Z nq Zv Av‡jvPbv

Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì‡K Zv‡ì wcÖq wRwbm¸‡jvi Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb|


we`¨vj‡q wkï‡ì eëüZ wewfbœ wRwbmcÎ ch©‡eÿY K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Kgc‡ÿ 2wU K‡i wRwbmc‡Î wPÎ

AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| wkïi AuvKv wPÎ¸‡jv †ev‡W© jvwM‡q w`‡q we`¨vj‡qi eëüZ wRwbmc‡Îi GKwU cÖ`k©bx

Ki‡eb| †Kvb wRwbm Kx Kv‡R eëüZ nq Zv wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb|

wewfbœ wRwbm †_‡K †Kvb GKwU wRwbm wb‡q Gevi wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb wRwbmwU Zvi wb‡Ri, evwoi bvwK

we`¨vj‡qi| Gfv‡e cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K w`‡q Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e †R‡b wbb wRwbm¸‡jv Zvi wb‡Ri bv evwoi bv

we`¨vj‡qi| wkïi DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Kiæb Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b wdWe¨vK w`‡eb| Gfv‡e †kªwYi Kvh©µg

mgvß Ki‡eb|

(M) dm‡ji gvV, b`x, cvnvo, eb, mvMi

wkLbdj: 6.1.2 dm‡ji gvV, b`x, cvnvo, eb, mgy ª wPb‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB, wd¬U PvU©, KvMR I †cwÝj|

c×wZ:

wkï‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvi LvZv KvM‡R †cwÝj †ei Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges b`xi wPÎ AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì

AuvKv b`xi wPÎ ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb| jÿ Ki‡eb wkïiv b`xi wPÎ A¼b K‡i‡Q wKbv| †Kv‡bv GKRb wkÿv_©xI

hw` b`x I Gi Av‡kcv‡k Ab¨ †Kv‡bv wKQz Gu‡K _v‡K Z‡e †m Kx Kx Gu‡K‡Q Zv cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wb‡eb|

PK †ev‡W© b`xi Qwe AuvK‡eb| b`xi Av‡kcv‡k Kx Kx _A‡K Zv wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K Rvb‡Z Pvb| wkïiv hv

e‡j Zv †ev‡W©i Qwe‡Z ch©vqµ‡g †hvM Ki‡Z _vK‡eb| hw` †Kvb wkïi dm‡ji gvV, eb, cvnvo ev mvM‡ii

K_v e‡j Zvn‡j Zvi Qwe AuvK‡eb Ges Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| hw` wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K bvI Av‡m wb‡R

Qwe Gu‡K G¸‡jvi m‡½ wkï‡ì cwiwPZ Kwi‡q w`‡eb|

Gfv‡e ch©vqµ‡g wkï‡ì dm‡ji gvV, eb, cvnvo I mvM‡ii m‡½ cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡eb| Gevi cÖ_‡g Pv‡U©i

c„ôv 4 I 5 dm‡ji gvV, b`x, cvnvo, eb, mvM‡ii Qwe †`wL‡q wkï‡ì e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Avgvi eB c„ôv

84 Gi Qwe †`Lv‡bvi mgq cvnvo †_‡K b`x dm‡ji †ÿZ Ges e‡bi ga¨ w`‡q mvM‡i wM‡q wg‡k welqwU

M‡íi g‡Zv K‡i wkï‡ì ej‡eb|

wkï‡ì‡K Zv‡ì B‡Qg‡Zv b`x, †LZ, eb, cvnvo I mvM‡ii Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb|

(N) Avgvi Kv‡Q gvbyl¸‡jv-

wkLbdj: 6.1.5 cwiev‡i m`m¨ I wbKU AvZ¥xq‡ì (gv, evev, fvB-†evb, `v`v-`vw`, bvbv-bvwb, gvgv-gvwg,

PvPv-PvwP, Lvjv-Lvjy, dzcv-dzcy) m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: KvMR, †cwÝj, †µqb/is †cwÝj BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

wkï‡ì cÖ‡Z¨K‡K Zvi cwiev‡ii wPÎ AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì AuvKv Qwe¸‡jv eY©bv Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Zv‡ì

AuvKv Qwe‡Z †K †K Av‡Q Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| fvB-†evb KZRb Ges †m Abyhvqx Qwe Gu‡K‡Q wKbv ZvI hvPvB

Ki‡eb| jÿ ivL‡Z n‡e †Kvb wkïi evev ev gv ev fvB-†evb bv _vK‡Z cv‡i †m‡ÿ‡Î wkï hv AuvK‡e

wkÿK mnvwqKv 160

ev hvi K_v ej‡e †mfv‡eB cwiev‡ii m`m¨ we‡ePbv Ki‡eb| GB cv‡Vi D‡Ïk¨ wkïi cwiev‡ii mwVK Z_¨

†ei Kiv bq eis wkï‡ì cwievi I wbKU AvZ¥x‡qi aviYv †Ìqv| evev, gv, fvB-†evb Qvov evwo‡Z `v`v-

`vw` ev Ab¨ †KD _vK‡j Zv‡ì m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb |

GKBfv‡e wkï‡ì m‡½ evwo‡Z _v‡K bv wKš Íy Zv‡ì evwo‡Z Av‡m Ges Zv‡K Avì K‡i Ggb Kv‡iv bvg

ej‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì aviYvi m‡½ wgj †i‡L ch©©vqµ‡g Ab¨vb¨ wbKU AvZ¥xq‡ì wkï‡ì m‡½ cwiPq

Kwi‡q w`‡eb|

wkï‡K Zvi evev-gv Qvov Avi †K †ewk Avì K‡i Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| Gevi wkï‡K Zvi wcÖq gvbylwU Qwe AuvK‡Z

ej‡eb|

(O) Avgvi wcÖq cÖvYx-

wkLbdj: 6.1.6 wbKU cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ cÖvYxi (3wU) mvaviY •ewkó¨ D‡j øL Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: wd¬c PvU©, KvMR, †cwÝj, †µqb/is †cwÝj|

c×wZ:

†kªwYi wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q uvov‡Z ej‡eb Ges ej‡eb AvR Avgiv Avgv‡ì Pvicv‡ki wewfbœ cÖvYx †hgb-nuvm,

gyiwM, Miæ, QvMj, gvQ BZ¨vw` wb‡q GKUv gRvi KvR Kie|

wkï‡ì wZbwU `‡j fvM Kiæb| wZbwU `j‡K wZbwU cÖvYx (Miæ, gyiwM I gvQ) wb‡q fve‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì

fvebvq mnvqZv Ki‡Z Zv‡ì †QvU †QvU cÖkœ Ki‡eb †hgb-Miæi KqwU cv? gvQ †Kv_vq _v‡K? gyiwM Kx Lvq?

BZ¨vw`| c‡i wkï‡ì Zv‡ì fvebv¸‡jv ej‡Z ej‡eb| G‡ÿ‡ÎI †QvU †QvU cÖkœ K‡i wkï‡ì mnvqZv

Ki‡eb|

wkï‡ì wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i GB wZbwU cÖvYxi Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb Ges Qwe m¤ú‡K© Zv‡ì ej‡Z ej‡eb|

wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv 6 Gi QwewU wkï‡ì †`Lvb| m¤¢e n‡j evB‡i wM‡q mwZ¨Kv‡ii cÖvYxI †`Lv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

Gevi Pv‡U©i Qwe Abyhvqx wkï‡ì wba©vwiZ cÖvYx m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z ej‡eb Ges wb‡R we¯ ÍvwiZ ejyb| †QvU †QvU

cÖkœ K‡i wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K Zv‡ì gZvgZ †R‡b wb‡eb|

GB cÖvYx¸‡jv Avgv‡ì Kx Kv‡R jv‡M ev wKfv‡e DcKvi K‡i Zv wkï‡ì ej‡Z ej‡eb Ges wb‡R

fv‡jvfv‡e eywS‡q w`‡eb|

(P) Avgvi mviv w`b: w`‡bi wewfbœ Ask-

wkLbdj: 6.1.8 w`‡bi wewfbœ Ask (mKvj, ycyi, weKvj, mÜ¨v, ivZ) Avjv`vfv‡e wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB|

c×wZ:

wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wb‡eb Zviv KLb Nyg †_‡K D‡V? DËi †R‡b wb‡q

wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K mKvj †ejv Zviv evwo‡Z Kx K‡i Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb| Gfv‡e wkïi AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K


mKvj m¤ú‡K© aviYv w`‡eb| Avgvi eB (c„ôv 85-86) G mgq m~‡h©i Ae¯vb †`Lv‡eb| wkï‡ì

†kªwYK‡ÿi evB‡i wb‡q hv‡eb (m~h© hLb wVK gv_vi Dci _v‡K) AZtci wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K †R‡b wb‡eb

Zv‡ì Lye Mig jvM‡Q bvwK VvÛv jvM‡Q| DËi †R‡b `ycyi m¤ú‡K© aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

wkï‡ì cÖkœ Kiæb w`‡bi †Kvb mgq †Zvgiv †Lj‡Z hvI? wkïi DËi I Avgvi eB‡q 86 c„ôvi Qwe‡Z m~‡h©i

Ae vb wPÎ †`wL‡q weKvj m¤ú‡K© aviYv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

GKBfv‡e Zviv KLb co‡Z e‡m Ges KLb Nygv‡Z hvq Zvi DËi †R‡b Ges m~‡h©i Ae vb Avgvi eB‡qi

c„ôv 86 †Z wP‡Îi gva¨‡g mÜ¨v Ges ivZ m¤ú‡K© aviYv mymsnZ Ki‡eb|

†kªwYi wkï‡ì wb‡q cuvPwU `j MVb Ki‡eb| GKwU `j‡K mKvj, GKwU `j‡K ycyi, GKwU `j‡K weKvj,

GKwU `j‡K mÜ¨v I GKwU `j‡K iv‡Z Zviv Kx Kx K‡i Zv Awfbq K‡i †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb|

(Q) MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKvj-

wkLbdj: 6.1.7 •ewk‡óï Av‡jv‡K MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKv‡ji cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB, †cwÝj, is, KvMR BZ¨vw`|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb Ges cÖkœ Ki‡eb-ÔnvZcvLv w`‡q Avgiv Kx Kwi? †Kvb

mg‡q Avgv‡ì †ewk Mig jv‡M? my‡qUvi ev D‡ji Rvgv Kvco Avgiv KLb cwi? †Kvb mgq

AvKv‡k †gN _v‡K?Õ cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi KvQ †_‡K DËi ïb‡eb Ges MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKvj wb‡q

mnR Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv 87 I 88 Gi wPÎ (MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKvj) wkï‡ì‡K †`L‡Z

ej‡eb| Qwe‡Z Kx †`L‡Z cv‡Q wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K Zv ïb‡eb|

• wkÿK MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKv‡j Avgiv Kx Kx †cvkvK cwi, Kx Kx we‡kl ai‡bi Lvevi LvB,

Avgv‡ì Av‡k-cv‡ki iv ÍvNvU, MvQcvjv, b`xbvjv †Kgb _v‡K Zv wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì KvQ

†_‡K †kvbvi ci bZzb †Kv‡bv welq ms‡hvRb Kivi _vK‡j wkÿK Zv Dc vcb K‡i Av‡jvPbv

†kl Ki‡eb|

• MÖx®§, el©v Ges kxZKv‡j wkïiv †Kvb Lvevi/djg~j/dzj †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zvi GKwU K‡i wPÎ

AuvK‡Z Ges is Ki‡Z ej‡eb| mevi Qwei eY©bv ï‡b abëv` Rvwb‡q †kl Kie‡b|

(R) e„wó, So, eb¨v, f~wgK¤ú-

wkLbdj: 6.2.3 cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡ki wewfbœ NUbv †hgb-e„wó, So, eb¨v, f~wgK¤ú BZ¨vw` m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z

cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB, KvMR, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj, wd¬c PvU©|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 162

c×wZ:

• wkÿK wkï‡ì ej‡eb AvR‡K Avgiv GKUv gRvi †Ljv †Lj‡ev|

• wkÿK hLb ej‡eb e„wó-wkïiv †_‡g hv‡e|

• wkÿK hLb ej‡eb So/eb¨v-wkïiv ZLb †`․ov‡`․wo Ki‡e|

• wkÿK hLb ej‡eb f~wgK¤ú-wkïiv ZLb †Ìqvj †Nu‡m uvov‡e|

• †Ljv †k‡l wkÿK nvZZvwj w`‡q wkï‡ì Awfb›`b Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK ch©vqµ‡g wkï‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡eb-e„wó, So ev eb¨v n‡j Kx Kx N‡U? Avgvi eB‡qi c„ôv 89 I 90

Gi wPÎ †`wL‡q Gmgq Zviv Kx Kx K‡i Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| wkïi KvQ †_‡K †kvbvi ci bZzb Z_¨

ms‡hvMRb K‡i Av‡jvPbv †kl Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡eb e„wó, So ev eb¨v n‡j Avgv‡ì Kx Kx DcKvi/ÿwZ nq? Zv‡ì KvQ †_‡K

gZvgZ ïb‡eb| Gici wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K ïb‡eb ÿwZ hv‡Z bv nq †mRb¨ Avgiv Kxfv‡e mveavb

n‡Z cvwi| mK‡ji KvQ †_‡K ï‡b wkÿK GB wel‡qi Dci mswÿß Av‡jvPbv K‡i †kl Ki‡eb|

• f~wgK¤ú n‡j Kx KiYxq Zv wd¬c PvU©-Gi c„ôv 13 †`wL‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡ì wb‡q Awfbq

Ki‡eb|

e„wó, So, eb¨v I f~wgK¤ú m¤úwK©Z aviYvi Av‡jv‡K cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Zvi cQ›` Abyhvqx e„wó, So,

eb¨vi wPÎ, f~wgK‡¤úi cieZ©x Ae vi wPÎ A¼b Ki‡Z ejyb| Gevi Avgvi eB‡qi 89 I 90 G †Ìqv

wPÎ †`L‡Z ej‡eb Ges wb‡Ri Aw¼Z wP‡Îi mv‡_ wgjv‡Z ej‡eb|

(S) evwo I we`¨vjq ivL‡ev cwi”Qbœ

wkLbdj: 6.2.1 evwo I we`¨vj‡qi cwi‡ek cwiQbœ ivL‡e|

DcKiY: AveR©bv †djvi cvÎ|

c×wZ: wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q uvov‡eb| wkï‡ì wb‡q wb‡Pi QovwU ej‡Z ej‡Z †bvsiv KvMR

BZ¨vw` Zz‡j web Szwo‡Z †dj‡eb|

KvM‡Ri UzK‡iv ----------------------- (2)

c‡o Av‡Q H ------------------------ (2)

RvqMv K‡i †bvsiv -------------------- (2)

Zz‡j †bB ---------------------------- (1)

e‡b †d‡j w`B ----------------------- (1)


wkï‡ì ej‡eb, Avgiv GLb Avgv‡ì †kªwY cwi®‥vi Kie| †Zvgiv mevB ivwR? ivwR nIqvi ci wkï‡ì KvQ

†_‡K †R‡b wbb Zviv Kxfv‡e †kªwYKÿ cwi®‥vi Ki‡e| cÖ‡qvR‡b wkï‡ì mnvqZv Ki‡eb| m¤¢e n‡j wkï‡ì

K‡qKwU `‡j fvM K‡i cÖZ¨ÿ `j‡K we`¨vj‡qi Av‡kcv‡k Qov‡bv wQUv‡bv gqjv AveR©bv GKwU wbw ©ó ¯v‡b

†dj‡Z ej‡eb|

GKB KvR †hb Zviv Zv‡ì evwo‡ZI K‡i †m Rb¨ wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb| AwffveK mfv‡ZI welqwU

Av‡jvPbv K‡i evwo cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ ivLvi welqwU wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

(T) MvQcvjv I cïcvwL Avgvi eÜz

wkLbdj: 6.2.2: cwi‡ek msiÿY Kvh©µ‡g AskMÖnY Ki‡e|

6.2.3 : MvQcvjv I cï cvwLi cÖwZ hZœkxj n‡e|

DcKiY: †QvU Mv‡Qi Pviv, jvD/mxg/Kzgov/cyuBkvK/†Qvjv/mwilvi wewP/wbovwb/euv‡ki KwÂ/cvUKvwV/cvwb

†Ìqvi cvÎ|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB wkï‡ì wKQz `vwqZ¡ †`‡eb| yB wZbRb wkï‡K †QvU cvwbi †evZj Avevi

K‡qKRb wkï‡K Pvi cuvPwU K‡i jvD, mxg, Kzg‡ov, cyuBkv‡Ki wewP evwo †_‡K Avb‡Z ej‡eb| wkÿK

Awffve‡Ki mnvqZvq cÖ‡qvR‡b wb‡RI wbovwb, KwÂ, cvUKvwV Avb‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K wb‡q ¯‥zj gv‡Vi Aí Ask wbovwb w`‡q gvwU Kzwc‡q big Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì w`‡q cvwb

w`‡q gvwU big K‡i ivL‡eb| Gici wkï‡ì w`‡q Zv‡ì evwo †_‡K Avbv wewfbœ ai‡bi wewP gvwU‡Z

†ivcY Kiv‡eb| †hLv‡b MvQ †ivc‡bi RvqMv †bB †mLv‡b †Kvb cv‡Î exR ecY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• 3/4 w`b ci wkï‡ì‡K wb‡q ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b cvwb w`‡Z ej‡eb| exR †_‡K Pviv MRv‡bvi

ci Pviv¸‡jv `vo Kwi‡q ivLvi Rb¨ KwÂ ev cvUKvwV w`‡q wN‡i ivLvi eë v Ki‡eb| jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e

†h evB‡ii †Kv‡bv cÖvYx †hb G¸‡jv bó Ki‡Z bv cv‡i| evwo‡Z †hme MvQcvjv, cïcvwL Av‡Q Zv‡ìI

hZœ wb‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb| cÖkœ Ki‡eb wkï‡ì evwo‡Z Kx Kx MvQcvjv, cïcvwL Av‡Q?

G¸‡jv hZœ †bIqvi Rb¨ Zviv Kx Kx K‡i? MvQcvjv, cïcvwL Avgv‡ì Kx Kx DcKvi K‡i? cÖ‡Z¨K

wkïi Kv‡Q DËi ï‡b bZzb †Kv‡bv Z_¨ ms‡hvRb K‡i Av‡jvPbv †kl Ki‡eb| †QvÆ †Q‡j †ejvj (Mí

bs-6) MíwU GLv‡b wkï‡ì ïwb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 164

weÁvb

(K) welqe Íy: Kx n‡”Q †Kb n‡”Q-

wkLbdj:

7.1.3 AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K Abygvb, e¨vL¨v I wm×vš ÍMÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

7.1.4 †QvULvU wewfbœ NUbvi Kvh©KviY e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

1. †iŠ`ª Qvqvi †Ljv|


c×wZ: GKwU †i․ ª¾¡j w`‡b †kªwYK‡ÿi evwn‡i fv‡jvfv‡e †iv` c‡o Ggb GKwU v‡b wkï‡ì wb‡q uvov‡eb|

wkï‡ì ej‡eb Avgiv AvR GKwU gRvi wRwbm †`Le| `k ev K‡qKRb wkï‡K m~‡h©i w`‡K wcV w`‡q uvwo‡q

mvg‡b ZvKv‡Z ej‡eb| Zviv mvg‡b Kx †`L‡Z cv‡Q cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wb‡eb| AZtci Qvqv •Zwi nIqvi KviY

Rv‡b wKbv Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| wkïiv bv cvi‡j Zv‡ì DËi w`‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| Gevi wkï‡ì g‡a¨ Kvi

QvqvwU eo Ges Kvi QvqvwU †QvU Zv ch©‡eÿY K‡i Zvi KviY ej‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b wkï‡ì mnvqZv

Ki‡eb|

w`‡bi wewfbœ mgq (mKvj, ycyi, weKvj) wkï‡ì Zvi wb‡Ri Qvqv ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges Qvqvi

Kx ai‡bi cwieZ©b nq Zv wb‡q cieZ©x mg‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

g~j¨vqb: wkïi ch©‡eÿY I e³‡eï Av‡jv‡K g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

2. fvmv †Wvevi †Ljv:

DKiY: MvgjvfwZ© cvwb, GK UzKiv cv_i, GKwU KvM‡Ri UzKiv, GKwU cvZv, GKwU gv‡e©j I GK UzKiv

eid Ges wb‡P D‡j øwLZ vbxqfv‡e mnRjf¨ e¯ Íy|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb| GK Mvgjv cvwb, GKwU cv_i, GKwU KvM‡Ri UzKiv, GKwU cvZv I

GKwU gv‡e©j wb‡eb| GLv‡b cv_i, KvM‡Ri UzKiv, cvZv, KvMR I gv‡e©j †`wL‡q wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K

†R‡b wb‡eb †KvbwU fvm‡e| Gevi GKRb‡K cvwb‡Z cv_iwU †Q‡o w`‡Z ej‡eb| evwKiv cv_‡ii Kx

Ae v n‡jv Zv ej‡e| GKBfv‡e Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY wb‡qI G KvRwU Ki‡eb| wkïi aviYvi mv‡_ welqwU

wgj Ki‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi cÖkœ Kiæb, cv_i Ges gv‡e©j †Kb cvwb‡Z Wy‡e †Mj? cvZv Ges KvM‡Ri

UzKiv †Kb †f‡m iBj? wkï‡ì DËi ïb‡eb| cÖ‡qvR‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| ej‡eb, cv_i Ges gv‡e©j

fvwi e‡j cvwb‡Z Wy‡e †Mj Ges cvZv Ges KvMR nvév Ges Qov‡bv e‡j cvwb‡Z †f‡m iBj|

• wkÿK Av‡M †_‡KB Pvi cuvPwU K‡i B‡Ui UzK‡iv, Kv‡Vi UzK‡iv, †evZ‡ji wQwc, gvwUi †Xjv,

†kvjv, cvUKvwV, †QvU †QvU KwÂ, KvM‡Ri UzK‡iv, cvZv, gv‡e©j cv_i, wjPz/RjcvB -Gi wewP

msMÖn K‡i ivL‡eb A_ev wkï‡ì‡K evwo †_‡K wb‡q Avm‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì Pvi cuvPw U `‡j

fvM K‡i Dchy³ DcKiY¸‡jv wgwk‡q mgvbfv‡e weZiY Ki‡eb| Gici wkÿK wbw`©ó mg‡qi

g‡a¨ †h wRwbm¸‡jv fv‡m Ges †h¸‡jv Wy‡e hvq Zv Avjv`v Ki‡Z ej‡eb| ev¯ Í‡e Abykxj‡bi


eë¯v Ki‡eb Ges wkï‡ì c~e©aviYvi mv‡_ Zv wgjv‡Z w`‡eb| †h `j¸‡jv mwVKfv‡e Avjv`v Ki‡Z

cvi‡e Zv‡ì‡K weRqx 1g, 2q, 3q `j wn‡m‡e nvZZvwj w`‡q Awfbw›`Z Ki‡eb| hw` †Kv‡bv `j

G‡jv‡g‡jv K‡i †d‡j Zv mwVK K‡i w`‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb|

• Gevi GK UzKiv eid GKwU cv‡Îi Dci ivL‡eb| mevB‡K eidwU †`L‡Z ej‡eb| wKQzÿY

ci eid M‡j cvwb n‡q †M‡j wkï‡ì Kv‡Q cÖkœ Kiæb eid Kx n‡jv? wkï‡ì DËi ïb‡eb|

cÖ‡qvR‡b DËi cÖ`v‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| ej‡eb, Zv‡ci Kvi‡Y eid M‡j †Mj| GLv‡b ei‡di

cwie‡Z© AvBmwµg eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

3. evZv‡m cvZv b‡o Ges †gN †_‡K e„wó nq

DcKiY: KvM‡Ri cvLv I KvwV|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì †kªwYi evB‡i GKwU Mv‡Qi Kv‡Q wb‡q hv‡eb| Mv‡Qi cvZv bovPov Ki‡Q wKbv ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z

ej‡eb| Gevi cÖkœ Ki‡eb|

• †Zvgiv wK ej‡Z cv‡iv Mv‡Qi cvZv †Kb bo‡Q? wkï‡ì DËi¸‡jv ïb‡eb| wkïiv hvB DËi w`K Zvi

cÖksmv Ki‡eb| m¤¢e n‡j Zv‡K Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì ejv KviY wb‡q gš Íe¨ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gevi Mv‡Qi cvZv evZv‡m b‡o Zv mevB‡K ej‡eb|

• wKQz †QvU KvM‡Ri UzKiv †d¬v‡i ev †Uwe‡j †i‡L wkï‡ì dz w`‡Z ejyb| †Kb KvMR¸‡jv b‡o DVj Zv

Rvb‡Z Pvb|

• wkï‡ì KvMR w`‡q KvM‡Ri cvLv evbv‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡eb| KvM‡Ri cvLv w`‡q evZvm K‡i Mv‡Qi

cvZv ev †Kv‡bv nvév wRwbm bvov‡Z ej‡eb| †Kb boj Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• Gevi cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K †QvU †QvU KvMR eënvi K‡i PiwK evbv‡Z ej‡eb| Kxfv‡e PiwK evbv‡Z nq Zv

wkï‡ì †`wL‡q w`‡eb| PiwK evbv‡bv †kl n‡j cÖ‡Z¨K‡K PiwK wb‡q †`․o w`‡Z ej‡eb| PiwK †Kb

Ny‡i Zv wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb|

• Gfv‡e wewfbœ Kv‡Ri ga¨ w`‡q evZv‡m cvZv bovi welqwU wkïiv eyS‡e|

• wkï‡ì †kªwYi evB‡i †Lvjv AvKvk †`L‡Z w`‡eb| †Lvjv AvKv‡k mv`v Zzjvi g‡Zv †f‡m †eov‡bv

wRwbm¸‡jvi bvg wK Rvb‡Z Pvb| wkïi DË‡i mnvqZv K‡i ej‡eb-G¸‡jv †gN|

• Gevi Ab¨ Avi GKw`b e„wó ïiæi Av‡M AvKv‡k †gN †`L‡Z w`‡eb| †gN †`L‡Z †Kgb cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b

wbb| A_ev e„wó hLb nq ZLb AvKvk †Kgb _v‡K Zv wkï‡ì Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z Pvb| G †gN †Kb Kvj

n‡jv Zv ej‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì DËi cÖ`v‡b mnvqZv Ki‡eb| ej‡eb-mv`v †gN fvwi n‡j Kv‡jv n‡q

hvq| G Kv‡jv †gN †_‡K e„wó nq|

• wkï‡ì †gN †_‡K e„wó covi Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb|

• Gfv‡e †kªwY Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 166

4. myBP wUc‡j evwZ R¡‡j

DcKiY: UP©jvBU, †gvevBj †dvb|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| AZtci ejyb AvR Avgiv GKUv gRvi †Ljv †`Le| Gevi nv‡Zi UP©

jvBUwU †`wL‡q ej‡eb-GUvi bvg Kx? UP© bv _vK‡j †gvevBj †mU eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkï‡ì

DËi ïbyb| bv wPb‡j bvg e‡j w`b| Gevi ejyb-†Zvgv‡ì g‡a¨ †K GUv Pvjv‡Z cvi‡e? †h cvi‡e

Zv‡K Kv‡Q G‡m UP© jvBU R¡vjv‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi cÖkœ Ki‡eb, †Zvgiv wK ej‡Z cvi‡e evwZ †Kb R¡‡j

DVj? wkï‡ì DËi ïb‡eb Ges ej‡eb myBP Ab Ki‡j we y¨r evwZ‡Z hvq Ges evwZ R¡‡j D‡V|

• Gevi †kªwYK‡ÿi evwZ myBP wU‡c R¡vwj‡q Ges eÜ K‡i wkï‡ì welqwU †`Lvb| wbivcËv welqwU gv_vq

†i‡L wkï‡ì w`‡q evwZ R¡vjv‡eb bv| wkï‡ì ej‡eb, •e`y¨wZK myBP wec¾bK, Zviv †hb wb‡Riv

myBP bv wU‡c|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb Ges cÖkœ Ki‡eb, we y¨/Kv‡i›U w`‡q R¡‡j/P‡j GiKg wKQz

wRwb‡mi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb| mevi KvQ †_‡K ï‡b bZzb †Kv‡bv Z_¨ Rvwb‡q KvR †kl Ki‡eb|

• Ggb wZbU wRwb‡mi bvg ej‡Z ej‡eb hv myBP wU‡c Pvjy Kiv hvq| wkïi DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K Zvi wkLb

AMÖMwZ g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì Av‡kcv‡k msNwVZ cÖwZwU NUbvi †cQ‡b †h KviY Av‡Q Zv wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv

Ki‡eb|

(L) welqe Íy : Ro I Rxe

wkLbdj: 7.2.1 Ro I Rx‡ei cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: d¬vm KvW©|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì mevB‡K †kªwYi evB‡i wb‡q hv‡eb| we`¨vj‡qi Av‡k-cv‡k hv wKQz Av‡Q Zv ch©‡eÿY Ki‡Z

ej‡eb| wkïiv hv †`L‡e Zvi bvg ej‡e Ges wkÿK †m Abhvqx GKwU ZvwjKv •Zwi Ki‡e| Gevi

ZvwjKvi GKwU K‡i wRwb‡mi bvg ej‡eb| wkïiv ej‡e wRwbmwU GKv GKv bovPov Ki‡Z cv‡i wKbv?

wkï‡ì DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K RxeRo m¤ú‡K© aviYv mymsnZ Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU `‡j 1 †mU d¬vm KvW© w`b| `‡j e‡m Ro I Rx‡ei KvW©

Avjv`v Ki‡Z ej‡eb| mwVKfv‡e Ki‡Z cvi‡j cÖksmv Ki‡eb bv cvi‡j mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q GKUv †Ljv Ki‡eb| †Ljvi wb‡`k©bv wkï‡ì g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q ïb‡Z ej‡eb|

wkÿK hLb ej‡eb Rxe, ÔZLb wkïiv Gw`K-†mw`K nuvUvPjv, †Nviv‡div, K_vejv GKvR¸‡jv Ki‡e|

Avevi hLb ej‡e Ro, Ôwkïiv ZLb K¬v‡mi Ro †Kv‡bv e¯ Íy/†Ljbv/LvZv/eB/†cwÝj/e¨vM BZ¨vw` wb‡q

w i n‡q uvwo‡q _vK‡e| Gi e¨wZµg n‡j †Ljv †_‡K ev` c‡o hv‡e| †Ljv †k‡l mevB‡K Awfb›`b

Rvwb‡q wkÿK Zvi KvR †kl Ki‡eb|


(M) welqe Íy : Dw™¢` I cÖvYx

wkLbdj: 7.2.2 Dw™¢` I cÖvYx cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: d¬vm KvW©|

c×wZ:

• †kªwY Kvh©µ‡gi ïiæ‡ZB wkï‡ì ej‡eb-Avgiv AvR we`¨vj‡qi evB‡i wewfbœ MvQcvjv Ges cïcvwL

†`Le| wkï‡ì we`¨vj‡qi evB‡i wb‡q hvb| wewfbœ MvQcvjv †`Lv‡bvi ci GKwU Mv‡Qi Kv‡Q wb‡q

hvb| MvQwU fv‡jvfv‡e †`L‡Z w`‡q cÖkœ Ki‡eb|

MvQwU wK bovPov Ki‡Z cv‡i?

MvQ wK kã Ki‡Z cv‡i?

• Gevi KvQvKvwQ †Kv‡bv cÖvYx (Miæ, †Nvov, QvMj BZ¨vw`) †`L‡Z w`b| wkï‡ì cÖvYxwU fv‡jv K‡i

†`L‡Z w`‡q cÖkœ Ki‡eb|

cÖvYxwU wK bovPov Ki‡Z cv‡i?

cÖvwYwU wK kã Ki‡Z cv‡i?

• yB †ÿ‡ÎB wkïi DË‡ii Av‡jv‡K cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡ì g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ m¤ú‡K© avibv cÖ`vb Ki‡eb|

• †kªwY‡Z wd‡i G‡m cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K GKwU cÖvYx I GKwU Mv‡Qi wPÎ AuvK‡Z ej‡eb| †ev‡W© cÖvYx I

Dw™¢‡ì wPÎ¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e AvVv w`‡q jvwM‡q cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡ì GKwU PvU© •Zwi Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| d¬vm Kv‡W©i †mU †_‡K Dw™¢` I cÖvYxi KvW©¸‡jv Avjv`v Ki‡eb|

cÖwZwU `‡j cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡ì KvW© G‡jv‡g‡jvfv‡e wgwj‡q w`‡q wkï‡ì cÖvYx I Dw™¢‡ì KvW© Avjv`v

Ki‡Z w`‡eb|

g~j¨vqb: †kªwY Kvh©µ‡g wkï‡ì AskMÖnY ch©‡eÿY K‡i g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 168

cÖhyw³

(K) mvaviY hš¿cvwZ miÄvgvw`

wkLbdj: 7.3.2 cÖvZ¨wnK Rxe‡b eënvi nq Ggb mvaviY hš¿cvwZ miÄvgvw` wPb‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: wd¬cPvU©|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì U AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| wkï‡ì ej‡eb AvR Avgiv mevB wg‡j Avgv‡ì cÖwZw`b

eënvi nq Ggb hš¿cvwZ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kie|

• wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| GKwU `j‡K N‡i Av‡jvi Rb¨ Kx Kx eënvi nq Av‡jvPbv K‡i

Dc vcb Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• GKwU `j‡K e„wó n‡j Kx eënvi Kiv nq Ges Mig †_‡K euvPvi Rb¨ Kx eënvi Kiv nq I Kvco Bw ¿

Kivi Rb¨ Kx eënvi Kiv nq Zv kbv³ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• GKwU `j‡K mfv mwgwZ, we‡q evwo‡Z Mvb evRv‡bvi Rb¨ Kx Kx eënvi Kiv nq kbv³ Ki‡Z ej‡eb|

• cÖ‡qvR‡b wkÿK cÖwZwU `j‡K mnvqZv Ki‡e| `jxq KvR †k‡l cÖwZwU `j †_‡K GKRb‡K `jxq KvR

Dc vcb Ki‡Z ej‡eb| GK`j Dc¯vc‡bi mgq Ab¨ `j cÖ‡qvR‡b cÖkœ Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges cÖ‡qvR‡b

mnvqZv Ki‡e|

• Gevi wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv 10 eënvi K‡i cÖwZw`b eënvi Kiv hš¿cvwZ¸‡jvi wPÎ †`Lv‡eb| wb‡ ©kK

eënvi K‡i Pv‡U©i †Kvb h‡š¿i bvg Kx Ges Kx Kv‡R jv‡M Zv cÖkœ K‡i †R‡b wb‡eb| cvi‡j cÖksmv

Ki‡eb Ges bv cvi‡j e‡j w`‡eb| Gfv‡e †kªwY Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb|

(L) Ny‡i †eovB hvbevn‡b

wkLbdj: 7.5.1 : ¯jc‡_i hvbevnb m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e|

7.5.2 : Rjc‡_i hvbevnb m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e|

7.5.3 : AvKvkc‡_i hvbevnb m¤ú‡K© ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: wd¬c PvU©, d¬vm KvW©|

c×wZ:

• wkÿK cÖ‡Z¨K wkïi bvg a‡i wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-wkï‡ì bvbv/`v`v/gvgvi evwo †Kv_vq? †mLv‡b Zviv

wK‡m P‡o †eov‡Z hvq? wkï‡ì DËi¸‡jv ïbyb Ges †ev‡W© wjL‡eb|

• wkÿK ej‡eb-Gevi Avgiv GKUv gRvi Awfbq Kie| wkÿK hLb ej‡eb †ijMvwo P‡o gvgvi evwo hvB,

ZLb wkïiv ej‡e ûB‡m‡ji kã w`‡q Awfbq K‡i GK RvqMv †_‡K Ab¨ RvqMvq hv‡e| Gfv‡e †gvUi

mvB‡K‡j bvbv evwo hvB, †b․Kvq K‡i `v`vevwo hvB, wiKkvq P‡o PvPvevwo, mvB‡K‡j P‡o dzdzevwo, †c ø‡b

P‡o Lvjvevwo hvB ej‡e Ges wkïiv Awfbq Ki‡e| mevi Awfbq Gici wkÿK nv‡Z Zvwj w`‡q †kl

Ki‡eb|


• wd¬cPv‡U©i c„ôv 7 (hvbevnb) wkï‡ì wbKU Dc vcb Ki‡eb I Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì K‡qKwU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| wewfbœ hvbevn‡bi KvW©¸‡jv Av‡M †_‡K Avjv`v K‡i

ivL‡eb| `‡j e‡m ¯j, Rj I AvKvk c‡_i hvbevnb¸‡jv Avjv`v Ki‡Z w`‡eb| `‡ji Kv‡R

mn‡hvwMZv Kiæb I cÖksmv Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì‡K 4/5wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| wkÿK wkï‡ì `j‡bZv‡K KvMR Ges †cwÝj weZiY Ki‡Z

ej‡eb| wkï‡ì me‡P‡q cQ‡›ì hvbevn‡bi Qwe AuvK‡Z ej‡eb Ges is K‡i Dc vcb Ki‡Z

ej‡eb|

g~j¨vqb: `jxq KvR g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g wkïi wkLb AMÖMwZ hvPvB Ki‡eb|

(M) cÖPwjZ I cwiwPZ cÖhyw³

wkLbdj: 7.3.1 †`‡ki me©Î cÖPwjZ I cwiwPZ cÖhyw³i (Nwo, BwÄbPvwjZ †b․Kv, avb gvovB‡qi Kj,

†mPhš¿, Uªv±i) bvg I KvR ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì U AvK…wZ Abyhvqx em‡Z ej‡eb| nv‡Zi Nwo †`wL‡q cÖkœ Ki‡eb| GUvi bvg Kx? Nwoi

mvnv‡h¨ Avgiv Kx Rvwb? wkïi DËi ïbvi ci ejyb AvR Avgiv AviI wKQz hš¿cvwZi wPÎ †`Le|

Gevi Avgvi eB Gi 92 c„ôv n‡Z GK GK K‡i BwÄbPvwjZ †b․Kv, avb gvovB‡qi Kj, †mPhš¿, Uªv±i-

Gi wPÎ cÖ`k©b K‡i m¤¢e n‡j ev¯ Íe DcKiY †`wL‡q GKvRwU Kiv hvq| wkïiv G hš¿¸‡jv †R‡b wKbv

Zv †R‡b wb‡eb| hw` wkïiv hš¿¸‡jvi bvg Rv‡b Zvn‡j †h Rv‡b Zv‡K mevi mvg‡b G‡m hš¿wUi bvg

ej‡Z ej‡eb| Zvi AwfÁZvi Av‡jv‡K cÖ`wk©Z hš¿wUi KvR ej‡Z ej‡eb| hw` wkïiv bv cv‡i

Zvn‡j cÖwZwU h‡š¿i bvg I KvR e‡j w`‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q wewfbœ cÖhyw³i ch©‡eÿ‡Yi eë v Ki‡eb| ¯‥z‡ji KvQvKvwQ hw` †Kv‡bv cÖhyw³i

eënvi _v‡K Zv Av‡M †_‡KB wPwýZ K‡i ivL‡eb| †hgb-¯‥z‡ji KvQvKvwQ Uªv±i ev BwÄb PvwjZ †b․Kv

ev avb gvovB-Gi Kj, †mPhš¿| wkï‡ì wba©vwiZ RvqMvq wb‡q wM‡q hš¿wU jÿ Ki‡Z ej‡eb Ges cÖkœ

Ki‡eb G hš¿wU w`‡q Kx KvR Kiv nq? GUv Kxfv‡e P‡j? wkÿK hš¿wU Kxfv‡e P‡j Zv wkï‡ì ev¯Í‡e

Pvwj‡q †`Lv‡bvi eë v Ki‡eb| me wkïi Kv‡Q ïb‡eb, Avi evwK Z_¨ wkÿK ms‡hvRb Ki‡eb|

Gfv‡e wkÿK K‡qKwU cÖhyw³ K‡qKw`‡b cwiwPZ Kiv‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †Mvj n‡q em‡eb Ges hš¿¸‡jv‡Z Kx Kx †`‡L‡Q Zvi Dci cÖkœ K‡i Rvb‡Z

PvB‡eb| GB hš¿¸wj Avgv‡ì Kx Kx Kv‡R jv‡M †m m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| bv †R‡b hš¿cvwZ Pvjv‡j

wKsev Kv‡Q wM‡q ai‡Z PvB‡j Kx ai‡bi ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i †m m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì mveavb Ki‡eb|

g~j¨vqb: `jMZ Kv‡Ri g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb Ges †kªwY Kvh©µg mgvß Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 170

(N) Avgiv mevB KvQvKvwQ:

wkLbdj: 7.4.1 Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³i (†iwWI, †Uwjwfkb, Kw¤úDUvi, †gvevBj, †dvb) bvg Rvb‡e I

kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

7.4.2 Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hv‡Mi wewfbœ cÖhyw³i eënvi ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Kuv`vgvwU, Avgvi eB|

c×wZ:

• †kªwYi wkï‡ì U AvK…wZ n‡q em‡Z ej‡eb| Avgvi eB Gi 93 c„ôv eënvi K‡i †iwWI, †Uwjwfkb,

Kw¤úDUvi, †gvevBj †dvb cÖ`k©b Ki‡eb| cÖ‡kœvË‡ii gva¨‡g †KvbwUi Kx bvg Zv wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K

†R‡b wb‡eb| m¤¢e n‡j G‡ÿ‡Î ev Íe DcKiY eënvi Ki‡Z cvi‡eb|

• c~e© AwfÁZv I cÖ‡kœvË‡ii gva¨‡g hš¿cvwZ¸‡jvi †KvbwU Kxfv‡e eënvi Kiv nq Zv †R‡b wb‡eb|

• Kv`vgvwU eënvi K‡i wkï‡ì hš¿cvwZ¸‡jvi g‡Wj •Zwi Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• Gevi cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K Zv‡ì cQ‡›ì GKwU †hvMv‡hv‡Mi cÖhyw³i wPÎ AuvK‡Z ej‡eb|

g~j¨vqb: Z_¨ I †hvMv‡hvM cÖhyw³i bvg I KvR wVKfv‡e ej‡Z cvi‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i wkïi wkLb

g~j¨vqb Ki‡eb|


¯^v¯’¨

(K) Avgvi kixi

wkLbdj: 8.1.1-kix‡ii wewfbœ As‡ki bvg I KvR ej‡Z cvi‡e|


c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Kiæb Avgv‡ì †`‡n ev kix‡i Kx Kx A½ Av‡Q| wkï‡ì wR‡Ám K‡i wkï‡ì wbKU

†_‡KB kix‡ii wewfbœ A‡½i bvg I A½wU †`Lv‡Z ej‡eb †mB m‡½ A½wUi KvR ej‡Z ej‡eb|

• hw` †Kv‡bv A‡½i bvg ev` c‡o hvq Z‡e Avcwb wb‡RB †mB A½wU †`wL‡q wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb

A½wUi bvg I Zvi KvR Kx?

• wkï‡ì w`‡q Mvb-2 (gv_v, Kuva, nvUz I cv‡qi cvZv) Abykxjb Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì c~Y©v½ kix‡ii Qwe AuvK‡Z w`‡eb I my›ì Qwe AuvKvi Rb¨ Drmvn w`‡eb|

KvR:

• wkï‡ì †Mvj n‡q uvov‡Z ej‡eb|

• Avcwb hLb †hB A‡½i bvg ej‡eb wkïiv mK‡j GKm‡½ †mB A½ ¯úk© Ki‡e|

• Gfv‡e cÖwZwU A‡½i bvg ej‡eb|

• Gevi cÖwµqvwU D‡ëv K‡i Ki‡eb A_©vr Avcwb GKwU GKwU K‡i wb‡Ri A½ ¯úk© Ki‡eb Avi wkïiv

GKm‡½ mevB †mB A‡½i bvg ej‡e|

• A‡½i bvg ejv ev ¯úk© Kivi †ÿ‡Î GK GKevi GK GK iKg µwgK Abyhvqx †LjvwU cwiPvjbv

Ki‡eb|

• Avcbvi cwie‡Z© wkï‡ì w`‡qI †LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb|

(L) •`bw›`b ¯v¯’ welqK K_KZv-

wkLbdj: 8.1.2 wbqwgZ uvZ gvR‡Z, nvZ ay‡Z, Pzj AuvPov‡Z, nuvwU-Kvwki mgq gyL XvK‡Z I Uq‡jU

eënv‡ii ci mvevb ev QvB w`‡q nvZ †avqvi Af¨vm MVb Ki‡e|

DcKiY: uvZ gvRvi eªvk/wb‡gi Xvj, mvevb, wPiæwb, †bBjKvUvi, Avgvi eB, wd¬c PvU©|

c×wZ:

wkï‡ì †ijMvwo wSK wSK †LjvwU †Lj‡Z w`b| GB †Ljvi mv‡_ bL, nvZ, uvZ I Pzj hy³ K‡i

†LjvwU cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb (†Ljv-1: †ijMvwo wSK wSK)

wkÿK mnvwqKv 172

uvZ gvRv

†h mKj wkï cÖwZw`b ùvZ gv‡R Zv‡ì nvZ Zzj‡Z ej‡eb I cÖksmv Ki‡eb| wbqwgZ ùvZ bv

gvR‡j Kx nq Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì Av‡jvPbv †kl n‡j cybivq wbqwgZ ùvZ bv

gvRvi ÿwZKi w`K m¤ú‡K© ej‡eb| †hgb-gy‡L `yM©Ü, ùv‡Z e¨_v, ùvZ njy` I Kv‡jv n‡q Amy›ì

jvMv Ges Amg‡q ùvZ c‡o hvIqv|

• Avgvi eB Gi c„ôv 94 †`wL‡q mwVKfv‡e uvZ gvRvi c×wZ AbymiY K‡i wbgœwjwLZ Dcv‡q wkï‡ì

uvZ gvRvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb|

1 ej‡j wkïiv Dci-bx‡P uvZ gvRvi Awfbq Ki‡e;

2 ej‡j wkïiv cvkvcvwk uvZ gvRvi Awfbq Ki‡e;

3 ej‡j wkïiv wfZ‡ii w`‡K uvZ gvRvi Awfbq Ki‡e;

4 ej‡j cvwb wb‡q KzjKzwP Ki‡e;

5 ej‡j cvwb Kzwj K‡i evB‡i †ei K‡i w`‡e|

• wkï‡ì wbqwgZ uvZ gvR‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

• AwffveK mfvq Awffve‡Ki evwo‡Z wkï‡ì wbqwgZ uvZ gvRvi welqwU ch©‡eÿY K‡i Drmvn w`‡Z

ej‡eb Ges wkïiv wbqwgZ uvZ bv gvR‡j Zv wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb|

nvZ-gyL †avqv

c×wZ:

• K‡qKRb wkï‡K ev mKj‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb Zviv KLb nvZ-gyL †avq| wkï‡ì Av‡jvPbv †kl n‡j

mvaviY_ †h mgq¸‡jv‡Z nvZ-gyL †avqv cÖ‡qvRb Zv wb‡q wbgœwjwLZ welq¸‡jv Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡eb-

Nyg †_‡K D‡V

Lvev‡ii Av‡M I c‡i

cvqLvbv eënv‡ii c‡i

†Ljvayjv Kivi ci Ges evwoi evB‡i †_‡K wdi‡j|

• wd¬c PvU© Gi c„ôv 9 nvZ gyL †avqvi wPÎ †_‡K nvZ †avqvi wPÎ †`wL‡q mKj wkï‡K GKB mv‡_ ev `‡j

fvM n‡q av‡c av‡c mwVKfv‡e nvZ-gyL †avqvi f~wgKvwfbq Kiv‡Z cv‡ib| †hgb-

1 ej‡j mevB nv‡Z cvwb jvMv‡Z _vK‡e

2 ej‡j nv‡Z mvevb jvMv‡Z _vK‡e

3 ej‡j mvevb jvMv‡bv nvZ Nl‡Z _vK‡e

4 ej‡j nvZ cvwb w`‡q ay‡q †djvi f~wgKvwfbq Ki‡e

5 ej‡j gyL cvwb w`‡q ay‡Z _vK‡e


6 ej‡j nvZ-gyL Kvco w`‡q gy‡Q †dj‡e

7 ej‡j mevB Zvwj w`‡q f~wgKvwfbq †kl Ki‡e

• AwffveK mfvq evwo‡Z wkï‡ì wbqwgZ nvZ-gyL †avqvi welqwU ch©‡eÿY K‡i Drmvn w`‡Z ej‡eb

Ges wkïiv wbqwgZ nvZ-gyL bv ayB‡j Zv wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb|

Pzj AuvPov‡bv

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †K †K wbqwgZ Pyj AuvPovq Zv‡ì nvZ Zzj‡Z ej‡eb Ges cÖksmv Ki‡eb|

• Pzj wbqwgZ bv AuvPov‡j Kx Kx mgm¨v n‡Z cv‡i Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| †h welq¸‡jv wkïiv

Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡e bv Zv wkÿK wb‡R Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• K‡qKRb wkï‡K ev mKj‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb Zviv KLb Pzj AuvoPvq| wkï‡ì Av‡jvPbv †kl n‡q

mvaviYZ †h mgq¸‡jv‡Z Pzj AuvPov‡bv nq Zv wb‡q wbgœwjwLZ welq¸‡jv Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡eb-

Nyg †_‡K D‡V

†Mvm‡ji ci

we`¨vjq ev evB‡i hvIqvi Av‡M

Nygv‡Z hvIqvi c~‡e©

• mKj wkï‡K GKB mv‡_ ev `‡j fvM n‡q Pzj AuvPov‡bv f~wgKvwfbq Kiv‡Z cv‡ib|

• AwffveK mfvq evwo‡Z wkï‡ì wbqwgZ Pzj AuvPov‡bv ch©‡eÿY K‡i Drmvn w`‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkïiv

wbqwgZ Pzj bv AuvPov‡j Zv wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb|

nuvwP ev Kvwki mgq gyL XvKv

c×wZ:

• wkïiv nuvwP Kvwki mgq †K Kx K‡i Zv Rvb‡Z Pvb| †h mKj wkï nuvwP Kvwki mgq gyL Xv‡K Zv‡ì

cÖksmv Ki‡eb|

• mKj wkï‡K GKmv‡_ nuvwP Kvwki mgq gyL XvKvi f~wgKvwfbq Kiv‡eb|

• wkï‡ì we`¨vj‡q _vKvKvjxb Ae vq nuvwP Kvwk w`‡j gyL XvKvi Af¨vm Kiv‡eb| †hLv‡b †mLv‡b hv‡Z

_y _y bv †d‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

(M) n‡iK iKg Lvevi

wkLbdj: 8.1.3 wewfbœ cÖKvi cywóKi Lvevi wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

8.1.4 wewfbœ cÖKvi Lvevi (fvZ/iæwU/cvDiæwU, gvQ-gvsm/Wvj, kvK-mewR, djg~j) Avjv`v

Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

1.3.5 wewfbœ ¯v‡ì Lvevi kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e (wgwó, Svj, UK, †Z‡Zv, †bvb&Zv)|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 174

DcKiY: d¬vm KvW©, KvMR, †cwÝj, is †cwÝj|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Kiæb AvR Zviv Kx Kx †L‡q‡Q? wkï‡ì K_v ej‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

• Gevi wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| `j fvM Kivi mgq MwY‡Zi Kg-†ewki aviYvi KvR-2 Abyhvqx

`j MVb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| 4wU `‡ji bvgKiY Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖ_g `‡ji bvg mKvj, wØZxq `‡ji bvg

ycyi, Z…Zxq `‡ji bvg ivZ Ges †kl `‡ji bvg w`b-ivZ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• mKvj `‡ji KvR n‡jv cÖwZw`b mKv‡ji bv¯ Ívq Zviv hZ iK‡gi/ai‡bi Lvevi Lvq Zv Zviv cÖ_‡g `‡j

Av‡jvPbv K‡i †ei Ki‡e| Gici `‡ji cÖ‡Z¨K m`m¨ Avjv` Avjv`vfv‡e mKv‡ji Lvev‡ii GK ev

GKvwaK Qwe AuvK‡e| `‡j e‡m wm×vš Í †b‡e Zviv †K Kx Qwe AuvK‡e| cÖ‡Z¨K‡KB wfbœ wfbœ KvM‡R

Avjv`v Avjv`v Qwe AuvK‡e|

• Dc‡iv³ cÖwµqvq ycyi `j‡K ycy‡ii I ivZ `j‡K iv‡Zi Lvevi Qwe AuvK‡Z w`b Ges GKB c×wZ‡Z

w`b-ivZ `j‡K mKvj, ycyi I iv‡Zi Lvevi ev‡` w`‡bi Ab¨vb¨ mgq †h Lvevi Lvq, †mme Lvev‡ii

Qwe AuvK‡Z w`‡eb|

• Qwe AuvKvi mgq wkï‡ì Drmvn w`‡eb wkïiv Qwe wjL‡Z bv Rv‡b Z‡e Zv‡ì AuvKv Qwei wb‡P wb‡RB

Lv‡`ï bvg wj‡L w`‡eb| wkïiv Qwe AuvKv ïiæ Ki‡j wewfbœ `‡j †K †Kvb Qwe AuvK‡Q Zv jÿ Ki‡eb|

†Kv‡bv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Lvevi ev` c‡o †M‡j †mB `‡ji wkï‡ì w`‡q †mB Lvevi AuvKv‡bv wbwðZ Ki‡eb|

• Qwe AuvKv m¤úbœ n‡j PK †ev‡W©i Dc‡ii w`‡K cvkvcvwk mKvj, ycyi, ivZ I mviv w`b wj‡L Zvi wb‡P

Zvi Qwe jvwM‡q w`b ev wkï‡ì w`‡q jvwM‡q wb‡eb| mKj `j‡K Zv‡ì AuvKv Qwe¸‡jv wbR wbR

`‡ji bv‡gi wb‡P wb‡P AvU‡K w`‡Z ej‡eb|

• me wkï‡K Qwe¸‡jv †`Lvi my‡hvM w`‡eb| †ev‡W©i Avi GKcv‡k wb‡P wb‡P fvZ, gvQ, kvKmewR

(†h‡Kv‡bv GKwU), djg~j (†h‡Kv‡bv GKwU) I cvwbi Qwe AvU‡K w`‡eb| Gevi wkï‡ì ejyb Avgiv

cÖwZw`b †h Lvevi¸‡jv LvB Zv Dc‡iv³ 4 ai‡bi Lvev‡i fvM Ki‡Z cvwi| wkï‡ì‡K w`‡q Dc‡iv³

fvM Abyhvqx †ev‡W© GKB ai‡bi Lvevi¸‡jv cvkvcvwk AvUKv‡Z ej‡eb| †KD fyj Ki‡j Ab¨vb¨

wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i Zv wVK RvqMvq jvMv‡Z mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb (wPÎ cieZ©x c„ôvi PK‡evW©

eënv‡ii bgybv)|

• wkï‡ì mv‡_ wb‡Pi welq¸‡jv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• cÖwZw`b GKRb wkï‡K wewfbœ iKg Lvevi †L‡Z nq| GK-GK ai‡bi Lvev‡i GK-GK iK‡gi

DcKvi i‡q‡Q| †Kv‡bvwU kw³ †hvMvq, †Kv‡bvwU †ivM cÖwZ‡iva K‡i, †Kv‡bvwU ev Avevi kix‡ii

e„w×‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| cÖwZwU Lvev‡iB wKQz bv wKQz cywó i‡q‡Q| myZivs mKj‡K wfbœ wfbœ ai‡bi

Lvevi cÖwZw`bB †L‡Z n‡e|

• wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb-Lvev‡ii ¯^v` Kx Kx iKg nq? K‡qKwU wgwó Lvev‡ii bvg e‡jv?

†K †K wgwó Lvevi †L‡Z cQ›` K‡iv? GKBfv‡e UK, Svj, †Z‡Zv I †bvbZv Lvevi wb‡q wkï‡ì

mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb |


• wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU `‡j Lv`¨ ª‡eï KvW© †mU (KvW© †mU bv _vK‡j wkï‡ì AuvKv

Lv`¨ ª‡eï Qwe) weZiY Ki‡eb| Lvev‡ii ¯v` Abyhvqx KvW© ev wPÎ¸‡jv‡K fvM ev †kªwYKiY ej‡Z

ej‡eb| cÖwZ `j‡K Zv‡ì Lv‡`ï †kªwYKiY¸‡jv cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z ej‡eb| †h †Kv‡bv Lvev‡ii ¯v`

m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì fyj aviYv _vK‡j Zv Ab¨vb¨ wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i mgvavb Ki‡eb|

PK‡evW© eënv‡ii bgybv

Lvev‡ii wPÎ †ev‡W© AvUKv‡bvi eë v bv _vK‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î †g‡S‡ZI GKB c×wZ eënvi Kiv †h‡Z

cv‡i|

(N) wbivc` cvwb

wkLbdj: 8.1.12 wbivc` cvwbi Drm ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: wd¬cPvU© (wbivc` cvwb)|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-wccvmv †c‡j Avgiv Kx Kwi? K‡qKRb wkï‡K wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| wfbœ wfbœ DËi

Avm‡jI Zv mnRfv‡e MÖnY K‡i mwVK gš Íe¨ Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-GB cvwb Avgiv †Kv_v †_‡K msMÖn Kwi? wkï‡ì wbivc` cvwbi wewfbœ Dr‡mi bvg

ejvi Rb¨ Drmvn w`‡eb| fyj ej‡j Zv Lye mnRfv‡e eywS‡q ejyb †Kb Zv fyj Ges wbivc` cvwbi aviYv

w`‡eb|

mKvj

`ycyi

ivZ

w`b-ivZ

iwU

gywo

fvZ

wWg

-

-

-

-

-

fvZ

gvQ

gvsk

wWg

Avjy

†e¸b

wmg

kvK

fvZ

gvQ

gvsk

wWg

Wvj

Avjy

†e¸b

wmg

kvK

Avg

Rvg

wjPz

Kjv

ev`vg

-

-

-

-

fvZ, iwU, Avjy, gywo ..................................

gvQ, gvsk, wWg, Wvj ...................................

kvK, †e¸b, wmg, cUj, Kwc, jvj kvK ............

Avg, Rvg, wjPz, Kjv ...................................

cvwb, ya, Pvc .........................................

wkÿK mnvwqKv 176

• wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv-8 †_‡K wbivc` cvwbi wewfbœ Drmmg~n †`Lvb| wkï‡ì memgq wbivc` cvwb cvb

Kivi Rb¨ Drmvn w`‡eb|

(O) Lvevi Av‡M I c‡i nvZ †avqv:

wkLbdj: 8.1.5 LvIqvi Av‡M I c‡i mvevb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q wbqwgZ wb‡R wb‡R Lvevi †L‡Z cvi‡e|

8.1.6 Lvev‡ii Av‡M I c‡i †c øU wb‡R ay‡e|

8.1.7 cwi®‥vi cv‡Î Lvevi †X‡K ivL‡e|

8.1.8 djg~j ay‡q Lv‡e|

1.3.1 †PvL I nv‡Zi mgšq K‡i wewfbœ KvR Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: wd¬cPvU© (nvZ gyL †avqv)|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-Lvevi Av‡M I c‡i †Kvb KvRwU Kiv Aek¨B cÖ‡qvRb? wkï‡ì g‡a¨

†_‡KB nvZ †avqvi welqwU †ei K‡i Avbvi †Póv Ki‡Z n‡e| nvZ †avqvi DcKvwiZv I nvZ bv ay‡q

Lvevi †L‡j Kx ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i Zv wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• Lvev‡ii Av‡M wb‡Ri Lvevi †c øU wb‡R ay‡q †L‡Z emv Ges Lvevi †k‡l Zv wb‡RB cwi®‥vi K‡i

¸wQ‡q ivLv, cÖwZwU AvZ¥m¤§vb‡eva m¤úbœ gvby‡li Rb¨ Aek¨KiYxq| G wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ mnR

fvlvq Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb hv‡Z-cÖ‡Z¨‡KB evwo‡Z Lvevi Av‡M I c‡i wb‡Ri Lvevi †c øU I nvZ

wbqwgZ cwi®‥vi K‡i|

• wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv 9 †`wL‡q mwVKfv‡e nvZ †avqvi Abykxjb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• cwi®‥vi cv‡Î Lvevi †X‡K ivLvi wel‡q wkï‡ì DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• dj cvwb w`‡q ay‡q Lvevi wel‡q wkï‡ì gZvgZ wbb I DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM K‡i wfbœ wfbœ `‡j Lvevi Av‡M, Lvevi mgq I Lvevi c‡ii cy‡iv cÖwµqv †mB

m‡½ Lvevi Av‡M djg~j ay‡q LvIqv Ges LvIqvi c‡i AwZwi³ Lvevi cwi®‥vi cv‡Î †X‡K ivLvi

f~wgKvwfbq Kiv‡eb|

• AwffveK mfvq wkï‡ì evwo‡Z wbqwgZ Lvevi Av‡M I c‡i wb‡Ri Lvevi †c øU I nvZ cwi®‥vi

Kiv, Lvevi †X‡K ivLv, dj ay‡q ivLvi welqwU ch©‡eÿY K‡i Drmvn w`‡Z ej‡eb Ges wkïiv

wbqwgZ Zv bv Ki‡j wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb|

(P) wekªvg

wkLbdj: 8.1.9 wbw`©ó mg‡qi Rb¨ wekªvg †b‡e|


c×wZ:

• mKj wkï‡K †Mvj n‡q uvov‡Z ej‡eb| Gevi mKj‡K GKmv‡_ wb‡Ri RvqMvq uvwo‡q †`․ov‡Z

ej‡eb| †`․ov‡bv‡Z mK‡j hv‡Z AskMÖnY K‡i Zv wbwðZ Ki‡eb| mZKZ©vi mv‡_ †Lqvj Kiæb


hv‡Z †Kv‡bv wkï †ewk nvwc‡q bv I‡V| cÖvq 2-3 wgwbU wkï‡ì †`․ov‡Z ej‡eb| †`․ov‡bvi KvRwU

†kªwYK‡ÿi evwn‡iI Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• †`․ov‡bv †kl n‡j mKj wkï‡K Zvi RvqMvq em‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkÿK axi j‡q (Av‡¯ Í Av‡ Í) †Kvgjfv‡e Nyg cvovwb gvwm wcwm Qov MvbwU Kiv‡eb| Mv‡bi mgq

wkÿK GKRb wkïi bvg ej‡eb Ges †m wkï †cQ‡b hv _vK‡e Zvi mv‡_ w`‡K †njvb w`‡q ev †g‡S‡Z

ï‡q †PvL eÜ K‡i Ny‡gi fvb Ki‡e/wekªvg wb‡e| QovwU †hfv‡e MvB‡e-

Nyg cvovwb gvwm wcwm †gv‡ì evwo G‡mv

LvU †bB cvjs †bB †PvL †c‡Z e‡mv

evUv fiv cvb †`‡ev Mvj fiv †L‡qv

------ (wkïi bvg) †Pv‡L Nyg †bB

Nyg w`‡q †h‡qv|

• Gfv‡e me wkï‡ì wekªv‡gi my‡hvM w`‡eb|

• wbw ©ó mgq ci wkï‡ì †PvL Lyj‡Z ej‡eb|

• wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb-KLb KLb wekªvg †bIqvi cÖ‡qvRb? wekªvg †bIqvi DcKvwiZv Kx?

• we`¨vjq I †kªwYK‡ÿi wewfbœ Kvh©µ‡g wkïiv AskMÖnY Kivi ci Nyg-Nyg †Ljv ev wekªvg †bIqvi eë¯v

Ki‡eb|

• AwffveK mfvq wkï‡ì h_vmg‡q ch©vß wekªvg †bIqvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Kiv Ges wkïiv wbqwgZ Zv bv

Ki‡j wkÿK‡K AewnZ Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb|

(Q) Amy¯’Zv

wkLbdj: 8.1.10 mvaviY †ivM (R¡i, VvÛv jvMv, †c‡U e¨_v, gv_v e¨_v, Wvqwiqv BZ¨vw`) m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡e|

8.1.11 Amy¯’‡eva Ki‡j Zv ej‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: cÖv_wgK wPwKrmv wKU ev †Ljbv|

c×wZ:

• †Zvgiv mevB fv‡jv Av‡Qv? †Zvgv‡i` g‡a¨ kixi Lvivc ev Amy¯ †eva KiP Kx †KD?

- †KD Amy¯ n‡j Zv‡K wR‡Ám Kiæb-Kx ai‡bi mgm¨v n‡Q? †Kb Amy¯ n‡jv?

• hw` wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †KD Amy¯ bv _v‡K Z‡e wb‡Ri mvaviY GKwU Amy¯Zvi (†hgb-R¡i ev VvÛv jvMv

ev Wvqwiqv) AwfÁZv wkï‡ì e‡j Amy¯Zv welqK Av‡jvPbv ïiæ Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì ej‡eb Amy¯

nIqvi d‡j Kx ai‡bi mgm¨v Abyfe K‡i‡‡Q| †Kb Amy¯ n‡qwQ‡j e‡j Zzwg g‡b K‡iv| Kxfv‡e my¯

n‡j|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 178

• Gevi wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb- †Zvgv‡ì mvaviYZ Kx Kx ai‡bi AmyL nq? GKRb GKRb K‡i

wkï‡ì AwfÁZv ïb‡eb| Zv‡ì Kv‡Q Kx g‡b nq-Zviv †Kb Amy¯ n‡qwQj? Amy¯ n‡j Zviv Kx

K‡i? Amy¯ n‡j Zv‡ì Kv‡Q †Kgb jv‡M? Amy¯ n‡j Zviv Kvi Kv‡Q cÖ_g Rvbvq?

Gfv‡e wkï‡ì KvQ †_‡K R¡i, VvÛv jvMv, †cU e¨_v, gv_v e¨_v I Wvqwiqv RvZxq mvaviY

†ivMe¨wa m¤‡Ü m¤‡Ü cÖkœ K‡i wewfbœ welq Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb|

• Amy¯Zv wel‡q wkï‡ì g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv fyj aviYv _vK‡j Zv Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g cwi®‥vi Ki‡eb| †mB

mv‡_ evwo‡Z Amy¯ †eva Ki‡j ZrÿwYKfv‡e gvZv-wcZv ev AwffveK‡K Rvbv‡bv Ges we`¨vj‡q

Amy¯ n‡j †kªwY wkÿK‡K Rvbv‡bvi welqwU wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• wkÿK wkï‡ì cÖkœ Ki‡eb, mvaviY AmyL-wemyL (Wvqwiqv, †cU e¨_v, PzjKvwb, R¡i) Gov‡bvi Rb¨

Avgiv Kx Kx Ki‡Z cvwi? wkï‡ì mv‡L ïb‡eb Ges KiYxq c`‡ÿç‡jv Av‡jvPbv K‡i †kl

Ki‡eb|

Amy¯’Zvi f~wgKvwfbq

• wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| `j fvM Kivi mgq MwY‡Zi Kg-†ewki aviYvi KvR-2 Abyhvqx `j

MVb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• 4wU `‡ji bvgKiY Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖ_g `‡ji bvg R¡i, wØZxq `‡ji bvg gv_v e¨_v ev †cU e¨_v,

Z…Zxq `‡ji bvg mw ©-Kvwk Ges †kl `‡ji bvg Wvqwiqv ivLv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• cÖwZwU `j Zv‡ì `‡ji bvg Abyhvqx f~wgKvwfbq Ki‡e| GKRb †ivMx, GKRb Wv³vi Ges †KD

†KD AwffveK, fvB-†evb, AvZ¥xq-¯R‡bi f~wgKvq Awfbq Ki‡e|


wbivcËv

(K) wecRbK e Íy I wec‡ì Drm

wkLbdj: 8.2.1 wec¾bK e Íy ev wec‡ì Drm wPwýZ Ki‡Z cvi‡e, †hgb-Av¸b, •e`y¨wZK miÄvg, Jla,

KxUbvkK, fv½v Møvm, Qzwi, KuvwP, `v, †`qvkjvB, †Wvev, cyKzi, b`x-bvjv, Mv‡Q DVv BZ¨vw`|

DcKiY: wd¬c PvU© (wec¾bK e¯Íy I wec‡ì Drm)|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-†Zvgv‡ì Av‡kcv‡k Kx Kx wec¾bK e¯ Íy Av‡Q? wec¾bK e¯ Íy ej‡Z †hme

e Íy Øviv wb‡Ri ÿwZ ev AvnZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv Av‡Q Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

wkïiv †hme e Íyi bvg ej‡e Zv wj÷ Ki‡eb| GKBfv‡e wec‡ì Dr‡mi bvg wj÷ Ki‡eb|

wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †Kb e¯ Íy ev Drmmg~n wec¾bK?

• wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv 11-12 cÖ`k©b Ki‡eb Ges wkïiv †hme e¯ Íyi bvg e‡j‡Q Zvi mv‡Z wgjv‡Z ej‡eb|

†hme e Íyi bvg wkïiv e‡jwb †me e¯ Íy wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| wec¾bK e¯ Íy wb‡q wkï‡ì wb‡Ri ev

eÜzevÜ‡ei †Kv‡bv AwfÁZv _vK‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z Drmvn w`‡eb|

• Kxfv‡e wec¾bK e¯Íymg~n †_‡K wb‡R‡K iÿv Kiv hvq Zv wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| cÖwZwU

e Íy I Drm wb‡q Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• †Ljbv wec¾bK e Íy wb‡q f~wgKvwfb‡qi Av‡qvRb Ki‡eb|

• mKj wec¾bK e Íy I Drm m¤ú‡K© mveavb _vKv Ges Ab¨‡K mveavb Ki‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡eb|

(L) muvZvi

wkLbdj: 8.2.2 wbqgKvbyb †R‡b wbivc‡` muvZvi KvU‡Z DrmvwnZ n‡e|


c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb †K †K muvZvi Rv‡b| hviv muvZvi Rv‡b Zv‡ì‡K wewfbœ cÖkœ K‡i muvZvi m¤ú‡K©

Ab¨‡ì †K․Zznjx K‡i Zzj‡eb| †hgb-Kxfv‡e I Kvi KvQ †_‡K muvZvi wk‡L‡Q? muvZvi KvU‡Z †Kgb

jv‡M? muvZvi KvUvi cÖ‡qARbxqZv Kx?

• wkï‡ì wb‡q muvZvi †kLvi f~wgKvwfbq Ki‡eb|

• muvZvi wb‡q wb‡P D‡j øwLZ mvaviY mZK©Zv¸‡jv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

muvZvi †kLv ev muvZvi KvUvi mgq Aek¨B AwffveK ev eo †KD m‡½ _vK‡Z n‡e| AwffveK Qvov

†Kv‡bvfv‡eB †Kv‡bv wkïi cvwb‡Z bvgv wVK bv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 180

cwi®‥vi cvwb‡Z muvZvi KvUv DwPZ| AcwiQbœ, cuPv I yM©Ühy³ cvwb‡Z muvZvi KvUv AbywPZ|

cvwb‡Z †b‡g gvivgvwi ev yózwg Kiv DwPZ bq|

muvZvi KvUvi mgq nvév ai‡bi †cvkvK ci‡Z nq|

• AwffveK mfvq wkï‡ì muvZvi †kLv‡bvi D‡`¨vM MÖnY Kivi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡eb Ges cieZ©x‡Z

welqwU wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ cybt Aby‡iv` Ki‡eb|

(M) c_ Pwj wbqg †g‡b

wkLbdj: 8.2.3 wbivcËvRwbZ mvaviY wbqg-Kvbyb AbymiY Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges iv¯ Ív, Mvwo ev evB‡i

PjvP‡ji mgq Zv †g‡b Pj‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB, d¬vm KvW© (UªvwdK wmMbvj)|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-iv Ívq PjvP‡ji mgq Kx Kx ai‡bi wbqg †g‡b Pj‡Z nq?

• Avgvi eB Gi c„ôv bs 95 I d¬vm KvW© cÖ`k©b K‡i wewfbœ ai‡bi UªvwdK wmMbvj (†hgb-jvjevwZ, njy`

evwZ I meyRevwZ) I Ab¨vb¨ wPý (†hgb-†Reªv µwms, Zxi wPý, mvg‡b we`¨vjq, mvg‡b nvmcvZvj

BZ¨vw`) m¤ú‡K© wkï‡ì mv‡_ mvaviY Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Kiæb iv Ív w`‡q †n‡U Pjv‡div Kivi mgq Kx Kx wbqg †g‡b Pjv DwPZ? wkï‡ì

wewfbœ gZvgZ MÖnY Kivi ci wb‡P D‡j øwLZ welq¸‡jv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb-

iv Ív w`‡q nvUvi mgq evg ev Wvb w`K †N‡l nvU‡Z n‡e| dzUcvZ _vK‡j Aek¨B dzUcvZ w`‡q

PjvPj Ki‡Z nq|

iv Ívi Dci uvwo‡q MíKiv ev †Ljvayjv Kiv DwPZ bq| iv¯ Ívi Dci ev iv¯Ívi cv‡k e‡m Mí¸Re

Kiv wVK bq KviY †h‡Kv‡bv mgq Mvwo ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv hvbevnb Avm‡Z cv‡i|

iv Ív cvicv‡ii mgq †Reªv µwms w`‡q iv¯ Ív cvi n‡Z nq|

iv Ív cvivcv‡ii mgq cÖ_g Wvb w`‡K I c‡i evg w`‡K †Lqvj K‡i iv¯ Ív cvi n‡Z nq|

KLbB †`․o w`‡q iv Ív cvi nIqv DwPZ bq|

(N) iv¯Ív cvivcv‡ii †Ljv

wkLbdj: 8.2.3 wbivcËvRwbZ mvaviY wbqg-Kvbyb AbymiY Ki‡Z cvi‡e Ges iv¯ Ív, Mvwo ev evB‡i

PjvP‡ji mgq Zv †g‡b Pj‡Z cvi‡e|

DcKiY: Avgvi eB Ges d¬vm KvW© (UªvwdK wmMbvj)

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j †fvM Ki‡eb| `j fvM Kivi mgq MwY‡Zi Kg-†ewki aviYvi KvR-2 Abyhvqx `j

MVb Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| 4wU `‡ji bvgKiY Kivi †ÿ‡Î cÖ_g `‡ji bvg jvj, wØZxq `‡ji bvg meyR,

Z…Zxq `‡ji bvg mv`v Ges †kl `‡ji bvg njy` Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|


• wkï‡ì mn‡hvwMZv wb‡q mshy³ wPÎ Abyhvqx PK w`‡q †kªwYK‡ÿi †g‡S‡Z iv Ívi wPÎ AuvK‡eb|

• wewfbœ `‡ji Rb¨ wP‡Î wba©vwiZ ¯v‡b wkï‡ì mvwie×fv‡e uvo Kiv‡eb|

• `j¸‡jv‡K wb‡Pi Mš Íe¨ j Rvwb‡q w`‡eb-

jvj `j- nvmcvZvj

meyR `j - evm ÷vÛ

mv`v `j - evRvi

njy` `j - we`¨vjq

• wkïiv mvwie×fv‡e iv Ívi wbqg-Kvbyb †g‡b Zv‡ì Rb¨ wba©vwiZ vb †_‡K Mš Íe¨ ‡j hv‡e| cÖ_gevi

wkÿK UªvwdK cywj‡ki Awfbq Ki‡eb cieZ©x‡Z wkï‡ì w`‡q UªvwdK cywj‡ki Awfbq Kiv‡bv †h‡Z

cv‡i|

• GKK, †Rvovq ev `‡j †LjvwU †Ljv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| `‡ji MšÍe¨ j cwieZ©b K‡i †LjvwU

GKvwaKevi †Ljv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i|

wPÎ: iv Ív cvivcv‡ii †Ljv

wkÿK mnvwqKv 182

(O) wec‡` Avwg fq Kwibv

wkLbdj: 8.2.4 wec¾bK cwiw wZ‡Z Kvi KvQ †_‡K mnvqZv PvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i Zv kbv³ Ki‡Z cvi‡e

Ges mnvqZv PvB‡Z cvi‡e|

8.2.5 AcwiwPZ Kv‡iv KvQ †_‡K †Kv‡bv wKQz (PK‡jU, †Ljbv, UvKv BZ¨vw`) MÖnY Ki‡e bv I

AcwiwPZ Kv‡iv mv‡_ hv‡e bv|

8.2.6 cÖwZK~j cwiw wZ ey‡S †m Abyhvqx mZK©Zv Aej¤b Ki‡e|


c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb wewfbœ iKg wec¾bK cwiw wZ‡Z (†hgb-c_ nvwi‡q †djvb, nVvr K‡i eo‡ì

gvivgvwi ev MÛ‡Mv‡ji g‡a¨ cov, iv¯ Ívq K‡iv mv‡_ SMov ev gvivgvwi‡Z Rwo‡q cov) †KD c‡owQ‡jv

wKbv? wkï‡ì Zvi wb‡Ri ev Ab¨ Kv‡iv GiKg AwfÁZv n‡j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|

• wec¾bK cwiw wZ‡Z KvbœvKvwU bv K‡i Kxfv‡e wec¾bK cwiw wZ †gvKv‡ejv Kiv hvq, cÖwZwU

cwiw wZ wb‡q Avjv`v Avjvfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb †hgb-

cÖwZwU wkï‡K Zvi wVKvbv gyL¯ Kiv‡Z n‡e| wkï‡ì †Rvovq †Rvovq ev `‡j wb‡Ri wVKvbv

Ab¨‡ì ejvi Abykxjb Kiv‡eb| gv-evev ev †h‡Kv‡bv GKRb cwiwPZ e¨w³i Aš ÍZ GKwU

†gvevBj b¤i wkï‡ì w`‡q gyL evÂbxq|

†KD c_ nvwi‡d †dj‡j KvbœvKvwU bv K‡i cywjk ev †Kv‡bv eq¯‥ e¨w³‡K Rvbv‡e †h †m c_

nvwi‡d †d‡j‡Q| wb‡Ri wVKvbv Ges †gvevBj b¤i w`‡q cwiev‡ii ev cwiwPZ e¨w³i wbKU K_v

e‡j, †m †hLv‡b Av‡Q, †mLv‡b Avm‡Z ej‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv cwiw ‡ZB Kv‡iv mv‡_ Ab¨ †Kv‡bv

RvqMvq hvIqv wVK n‡e bv| †KD wKQz †L‡Z w`‡j LvIqv wVK n‡e bv| gv-evev ev cwiwPZ †KD

Avmvi ci mv‡_ evmvq wdi‡Z n‡e|

eo‡ì gvivgvwi ev MÛ‡Mv‡ji g‡a¨ †Kv‡bv wkï co‡j gv_v VvÛv †i‡L MÛ‡Mv‡ji ¯vb Z¨vM

Ki‡Z n‡e|

iv Ívq Kv‡iv mv‡_ SMov ev gvivgvwi‡Z †KD hv‡Z Rwo‡q bv c‡o, Zvi Rb¨ cÖwZwU wkï‡K mveavb

K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| Ab¨ †KD B‡Q K‡i SMov ev gvivgvwi Ki‡Z PvB‡j gv_v †Kv‡bvfv‡eB Mig Kiv

hv‡e bv| gv_v VvÛv †i‡L †mB vb Z¨vM Ki‡Z n‡e| evmv ev we`¨vj‡q wd‡i gv-evev ev wkÿK‡K

Aek¨B NUbvwU Rvbv‡Z n‡e|

• AcwiwPZ e¨w³i wbKU †_‡K wKQz MÖnY Ki‡j Kx Kx ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Kiæb|

Avcwb wb‡RI wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvq AskMÖnY Kiæb| AcwiwPZ e¨w³i mv‡_ †Kv_vI bv hvIqvi

wel‡q wkï‡ì mZK© K‡i w`‡eb|

• So, f~wgK¤ú, Av¸b jvMv ev mv‡ci gy‡LvgywL nIqv wel‡q wkï‡ì AwfÁZv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb|

GiKg cwiw wZ‡Z wK iKg Abyf~wZ nq Zv wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| Gme cwiw wZ‡Z Kx Kx n‡Z

cv‡i Zv wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| GiKg cwiw wZ‡Z co‡j Kx iKg mZK©Zv Aej¤b

Ki‡Z n‡e Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb †hgb-


evwo‡Z _vKv Ae vq So n‡j KvbœvKvwU bv K‡i evwoi eo‡ì K_vg‡Zv _vKv ch©š Í wbivc`

RvqMvq Ae vb Ki‡Z n‡e| So _vgvi Av‡M †Kv‡bv cwiw ‡ZB †`․ov‡`vwo Kiv hv‡e bv| evwoi

me‡P‡q gReyZ ev k³ RvqMvi wb‡P Ae¯vb Ki‡Z n‡e|

f~wgK¤ú n‡j mewKQz Kuvc‡Z _v‡K| Gmgq ye©j ev AvjMv †h‡K‡bv wKQz †f‡½ co‡Z cv‡i|

f~wgK¤ú ïiæ n‡j ZvrÿwYKfv‡e dvKv v‡b †h‡Z n‡e hvi Dc‡i ev Av‡kcv‡k Ggb wKQz †bB

hv †f‡½ co‡Z cv‡i| Av‡kcv‡k ZvrÿwYKfv‡e †Kv‡bv duvKv v‡b hvIqvi my‡hvM cvIqv bv

†M‡j f~wgK¤ú _vgv ch©š Í gReyZ †Uwej, kw³kvjx †Kv‡bv ¯vcbv ev wcjv‡ii wb‡P Ae vb Ki‡Z

n‡e| wd¬c Pv‡U©i c„ôv 13 †`wL‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

Av¸b Lye ªæZ Pvwiw`‡K Qwo‡q c‡o| myZivs Av¸b jvMvi mv‡_ mv‡_ Av¸b †_‡K ~‡i wbivc`

¯v‡b P‡j hvIqv we‡kl ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| evwo, we`¨vjq ev †hme v‡b cÖvq mgq Ae¯vb Ki‡Z nq,

†mme v‡b Av‡M †_‡KB †ei nIqvi wewfbœ iv¯ Ív mywbw ©ó K‡i ivL‡Z n‡e hv‡Z Av¸b jvM‡j Lye

mn‡R †ei nIqv hvq|

evsjv‡`‡k cÖwZ eQi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ msL¨K gvbyl mv‡ci Kvg‡o gviv hvq| hwÌ me mvc welv³

bq Zvic‡iI †h‡Kv‡bv ai‡bi mv‡ci KvQvKvwQ _vKv SyuywKc~Y©| myZivs mvc †_‡K ~‡i _vKv

wbivc`| mvc mvaviYZ AÜKvi, m¨vZ‡m‡Z I M‡Z© Ae vb K‡i| iv‡Z AÜKvi ¯v‡b †h‡Z n‡j

mveav‡b †h‡Z n‡e| †h‡Kv‡bv M‡Z© †Kv‡bv Ae v‡ZB nvZ †XvKv‡bv hv‡e bv| R½j ev †SvcSv‡o

kã Ki‡Z Ki‡Z XyK‡Z n‡e Ges m‡½ jvwURvZxq wKQz ivL‡Z n‡e|

KzKzi, Miæ, gwnl m¤ú‡K© mZK©Zv wel‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

• cÖwZwU cwiw wZ wb‡q `j MVb K‡i Avjv`vfv‡e f~wgKvwfbq Kiv‡Z n‡e|

(P) nqivwb I wbh©vZbg~jK AvPiY

wkLbdj: 8.2.7 nqivwb I wbh©vZbg~jK AvPiY eyS‡Z cvi‡e Ges gv-evev/AwffveK/wkÿK‡K Rvbv‡Z

cvi‡e|


wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ Z_¨

cÖvK&-cÖv_wgK Í‡ii wkïiv wbR cwievi, cÖwZ‡ekx, AvZ¥xq¯Rb, we`¨vj‡qi wkÿK, DuPz †kªwYi wkÿv_x© I

AcwiwPZ e¨w³eM© Øviv wewfbœ ai‡bi nqivwb I wbh©vZ‡bi wkKvi n‡Z cv‡i| GB eq‡mi wkï‡ì †h

wewfbœ iK‡gi wbh©vZb Kiv nq Zv wbgœiƒc:

• kvixwiKfv‡e kvw¯ Í cÖ`vb Kiv †hgb- nvZ w`‡q gviv, jvwV w`‡q gviv, av°v w`‡q †d‡j †Ìqv

BZ¨vw`|

• Am¤§vbRKfv‡e yB-ZzKvwi Kiv Ges †nq Ki|

• e¨v½vZ¥K bv‡g WvKv|

• cvwievwiK gh©v`v ev A_©‣bwZK Ae v we‡ePbv K‡i wewfbœ wkïi mv‡_ wfbœ wfbœ AvPiY Kiv †hgb

evev-gv ev cwiev‡ii Ae v we‡ePbv K‡i †Kv‡bv wkï‡K m¤§vb w`‡q K_v ejv Avevi Ab¨ wkïi

mv‡_ †nq K‡i K_v ejv ev Z_vKw_Z wbPz ai‡bi KvR wbw ©ó wKQz wkï‡ì w`‡q Kiv‡bv|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 184

• Mvwj-MvjvR Kiv|

• †Rvi K‡i AhvwPZ KvR Kiv‡bv †hgb-cvb ev wmMv‡iU G‡b †Ìqv, kixi gvwjk Kiv‡bv BZ¨vw`|

• AhvwPZfv‡e hLb-ZLb Avì Ki| Akvjxb KvR Kiv ev Zvi cÖ¯Íve †Ìqv|

wkï‡ì Ici wewfbœ iKg wbh©vZ‡bi ¯íKvjxb I `xN©Kvjxb cÖfve c‡o hv wkï‡K GKRb AvZ¥wek¦vmx,

AvZ¥wbf©i, AvZ¥m‡PZbZv I `ÿ gvbyl wn‡m‡e M‡o DV‡Z evavi m„wó K‡i| wkï‡ì wb‡Ri cÖwZ wb‡Ri

wek¦vm bó n‡q hvq| d‡j A¼z‡iB wkï‡ì me m¤¢vebv bó n‡q hvq| GB cwi‡ek †_‡K wkï‡K cwiÎvY

†èvi Rb¨ wkïi g‡a¨ GB †eva •Zwi Ki‡Z n‡e †h Zv‡ì mv‡_ Kiv Gme AvPiY Ab¨vq| Gme

AvPi‡Yi cÖwZev` Kiv ev Dchy³ e¨w³i Kv‡Q Awf‡hvM Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| mKj wkïi g‡a¨B Acvi m¤¢vebv

i‡q‡Q| myZivs mKj wkï‡K mgvb my‡hvM w`‡q, GKB iKg AvPiY K‡i GB m¤¢vebv¸‡jvi jvjbcvjb

Ki‡Z n‡e| wkï‡K nqivwb I wbh©vZb †_‡K gy³ Ki‡Z n‡e|

c×wZ:

• wkï‡ì wewfbœiKg nqivwb I wbh©vZ‡bi D`vniY w`‡q wR‡Ám Ki‡eb-Zviv KL‡bv Gai‡bi nqivwb

ev wbhv©Z‡bi wkKvi n‡qwQj wK bv? wkï‡ì ev¯ Íe AwfÁZv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| wkïiv K_v ej‡Z

ev mK‡ji mv‡_ Zv‡ì AwfÁZv wewbgq Ki‡Z A¯xK…wZ ev Am¤§wZ Ávcb Ki‡j Avcwb wb‡RB

Avcbvi †Kv‡bv AwfÁZvi K_v e‡j Av‡jvPbv ïiæ Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• wfbœ wfbœ ai‡bi nqivwb I wbh©vZb wb‡q Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| mKj wkï‡K mgvb

my‡hvM w`b AwfÁZv wewbgq Kivi Rb¨|

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Kiæb-Zv‡ì †Kgb jv‡M hLb †KD Zv‡ì mv‡_ GiKg ev‡R eënvi K‡i? wkï‡ì

gZvgZ‡K mnvbyf~wZi mv‡_ ïb‡Z n‡e| wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g eywS‡q w`‡Z n‡e †h, †KD

hw` Zv‡ì mv‡_ GiKg ev‡R eënvi K‡i Z‡e Zv Ab¨vq|

• wkï‡ì wR‡Ám Ki‡eb| hLb †KD Zv‡ì mv‡_ Gme Ab¨vq AvPiY K‡i ZLb wkï‡ì Kx Kiv

DwPZ? wkï‡ì gZvZg ¸iæ‡Z¡i mv‡_ we‡ePbv Ki‡eb| wkï‡ì cÖwZ †KD hw` Ab¨vq AvPiY K‡i

ev †Kv‡bv KzcÖ¯ Íve †`q Z‡e wkïiv hv‡Z evwo‡Z gv-evevi Kv‡QI we`¨vj‡qi wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q welqwU

Rvbvq †m welqwU wkï‡ì m‡PZb Ki‡eb|

• AwffveK mfvq wkï‡ì cÖwZ nqivwb I wbh©vZbg~jK Kv‡Ri ¯iƒc Zz‡j ai‡eb| wkï‡ì mv‡_ †h

†Kv‡bv e¨w³ GiKg Ab¨vq AvPiY Ki‡j Zv AwffveK I wkÿK‡K Rvbvevi Rb¨ wkï‡ì Drmvn w`‡Z

ej‡eb| AwffveKMY wb‡RivI hv‡Z wkï‡ì †Kv‡bv nqivwb I wbh©vZbg~jK AvPiY bv K‡i Zv AewnZ

Ki‡eb| †mB m‡½ wkï‡ì mv‡_ hv‡Z †KD GiKg Ab¨vq AvPiY Ki‡Z bv cv‡i †mw`‡K †Lqvj ivL‡Z

ej‡eb| wkÿK wb‡RI hv‡Z wkï‡ì mv‡_ †Kv‡bv nqivwb ev wbh©vZbg~jK AvPiY bv K‡i †m wel‡q

mRvM _vK‡e|


mgvcbx

mgvcbx ce© cÖvK&-cÖv_wgK cvV¨m~wPi GKwU cÖwZw`‡bi KvR| GB ce© wkÿK wkï‡ì wb‡q †hme KvR

Ki‡eb †m¸‡jv n‡jv:

1. AvR‡Ki D‡jøL‡hvM¨ KvR wb‡q Av‡jvPbv

AvR ¯‥z‡j Kx Kx †kLv/Kiv n‡q‡Q wkï‡ì Kv‡Q wkÿK Zv Rvb‡Z PvB‡eb| wkï‡ì g‡b bv _vK‡j

wkÿK 2/1wU g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡eb| wkïiv †hb mywbw ©ófv‡e AvR‡Ki wel‡q ej‡Z cv‡i †m e¨vcv‡i

mnvqZv Ki‡eb| D`vniY¯iƒd AvR Avgiv Òdzj Kwj nv‡Zi e¨vqvgÓ K‡iwQ, ÒevK evKzg cvqivÓ

QovwU wk‡LwQ, Ò †ijMvwowSKwSKÓ †LjvwU †L‡jwQ Ges †QvU-eo, Kg-†ewk wPb‡Z wk‡LwQ BZ¨vw`|

2. wkï‡ì †_‡K Rvbv

AvR‡Ki w`bUv wkï‡ì †Kgb †j‡M‡Q Zv wkÿK Rvb‡eb| †Kv‡bv wKQz wkï‡ì fv‡jv bv jvM‡j c‡ii

w`b wK Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Zv †R‡b wb‡eb Ges †mfv‡e wkÿK eë v wb‡eb|

3. wkï‡ì nvwRiv

wkÿK nvwRiv LvZv †ei K‡i GKRb K‡i me wkïi bvg †W‡K Zv‡ì Dcw wZ †iKW© K‡i ivL‡eb|

4. †kªwYKÿ ¸wQ‡q ivLv

wkÿK wkï‡ì mn‡hvwMZvq †kªwYKÿ ¸wQ‡q ivL‡eb|

5. nvZ †avqv

†kªwYKÿ ¸wQ‡q ivLvi ci wkÿK wkï‡ì‡K mvevb cvwb w`‡q nvZ ay‡q Avm‡Z ej‡eb| cÖ_gw`‡K

wkÿK wb‡R mvevb cvwb w`‡q Kxfv‡e nvZ ay‡Z nq Zv Kwi‡q †`Lv‡eb Ges cieZ©x‡Z wkïiv †mBfv‡e

Ki‡Q wKbv Zv ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb|

6. we`vq Rvbv‡bv

nvZ ay‡q Avmvi ci wkÿK ¯‥z‡ji ìRvq uvwo‡q GKRb GKRb K‡i cÖ‡Z¨K wkï‡K we`vq Rvbv‡eb|

AvMvgxKvj (QzwU bv _vK‡j) cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœ n‡q ¯‥z‡j Avmvi K_vI g‡b Kwi‡q w`‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 186

cÖ‡R± IqvK©

1. cÖ‡R± bvg: cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ mßvn

wkLbdj: cwi‡ek msiÿY hvµ‡g AskMÖnY Ki‡e|

c×wZ:

• `j MVb: wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Ki‡eb| 4wU `j‡K bvgKiY Ki‡eb- †kªwYKÿ, eviv›`v, cÖv½Y 1 Ges

cÖv½Y 2| we`¨vj‡qi †kªwYKÿ, eviv›`v I we`¨vjq cÖv½Y‡K my¯úó ywU fv‡M fvM K‡i Dc‡iv³ 4wU

`j‡K Zv‡ì bvg Abyhvqx cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœ ivLvi `vwqZ¡ w`b|

• cwiKíbv cÖYqb: wkïiv `jMZ cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ki‡e| cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b †h welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Ki‡e

Zv n‡jv-cÖwZwU `‡ji GKRb `j‡bZv wbe©vPb|

- `‡ji Rb¨ wba©vwiZ vb cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ ivLvi c×wZ wba©viY

- `‡j wkï‡ì wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ `vwqZ¡ eÈb

- cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wbe©vPb Ges DcKiY msMÖ‡ni Dcvq I Drm wba©vib

• cÖ‡R± ev Íevqb:

- 1g w`b : mKj `j GKmv‡_ cÖ_‡g †kªwYKÿ cwi®‥vi Gici eviv›`v Ges Zvici we`¨vjq cÖv½Y

cwi®‥vi Ki‡e| cwi®‥vi Kivi KvRwU Avb‡›ì mv‡_ Kivi Rb¨ wkï‡ì Drmvn w`‡Z n‡e| cwi®‥vi Kiv

Kvwjb mgq mK‡j my‡i my‡i bx‡Pi MvbwU MvB‡e|

KvM‡Ri UzKiv, KvM‡Ri UzKiv

c‡o Av‡Q H, c‡o Av‡Q H

RvqMv K‡i †bvsiv, Rvqbv K‡i †bvsiv

Zz‡j †bB, we‡b †d‡j w`B|

hLb †hB †bvsiv mvg‡b co‡e KvM‡Ri UzKivi cwie‡Z© †mB †bvsivi bvg ejv †h‡Z cv‡i| †hgb cvZv

n‡j-

ÒMv‡Qi cvZv, Mv‡Qi cvZv, c‡o Av‡Q H, c‡o Av‡Q H.....Ó

A_ev Ab¨ †Kv‡bv ai‡bi †bvsiv n‡j-

Ò†bvsiv AveR©bv, †bvsiv AveR©bv, c‡o Av‡Q H, c‡o Av‡Q H .....Ó

†hme we`¨vj‡q GKvwaK †kªwY i‡q‡Q †mme we`¨vj‡q wewfbœ `j wfbœ wfbœ †kªwYK‡ÿ wM‡q AZ¨šÍ

web‡qi mv‡_ Ab¨vb¨ †kªwYi wkÿv_©x‡ì we`¨vjq cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœ ivLvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡e I mKj‡K

KvMR mn Ab¨vb¨ †bvsiv gqjv ivLvi Szwo ev we‡b †djvi Rb¨ Aby‡iva Ki‡e|

2q-7g w`b: `jMZfv‡e cÖwZwU `j Zv‡ì Rb¨ wba©vwiZ vb cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœ ivL‡e| K¬vm ïiæi

cÖ_‡g, gvSvgvwS mgq I †k‡l cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœ Awfhvb wkïiv cwiPvjbv Ki‡e| cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœ

Awfhvb PjvKvwjb mgq mK‡j my‡i my‡i Mvb MvB‡e|


• cÖ‡R± ch©v‡jvPbv:

cÖwZwU `j Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ cÖ‡R± wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e| `jxq AwfÁZv mK‡ji

mv‡_ wewbgq Ki‡e| KvRwU Kxfv‡e Av‡iv my›ìfv‡e Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i Zv wb‡q mK‡j Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e|

cÖ‡R±wU †_‡K wkïiv bZzb Kx Kx wk‡L‡Q?

cÖ‡R±wU ev Íevqb Ki‡Z †Kvb welq¸‡jv wkï‡ì fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q I †Kvb KvR¸‡jv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q

P¨v‡jwÄs g‡b n‡q‡Q? we`¨vjq, †kªwYKÿ, wbR evwo I Av‡kcv‡ki cwi‡ek memgq cwi®‥vi cwiQbœ

ivLvi Rb¨ wkï‡ì DØy× Ki‡Z n‡e|

2. cÖ‡R± bvg: ex‡Ri A¼z‡iv`Mg cÖwµqv

wkLbdj: MvQcvjv I cïcvwLi cÖwZ hZœkxj n‡e|

c×wZ:

• Av‡jvPbv: exR †_‡K A¼z‡iv`Mg cÖwµqv wel‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| cÖ‡R‡±i KvR wb‡q

wkï‡ì aviYv w`b|

• `j MVb: wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Kiæb| 4wU Dw™¢‡ì bv‡g `j¸‡jv bvgKiY Kiæb|

• cwiKíbv cÖYqb: wkïiv `jMZ cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ki‡e| cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b †h welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Ki‡e Zv

n‡jv-

cÖwZwU `‡ji GKRb `j‡bZv wbe©vPb

exR wbe©vPb, exR ec‡bi vb wba©viY, exR ec‡bi cwiKíbv cÖYqb (cÖ‡qvR‡b U‡e exR ecb Kiv

†h‡Z cv‡i)

`‡j wkï‡ì wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ `vwqZ¡eÈb

cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wbe©vPb Ges DcKiY msMÖ‡ni Dcvq I Drm wba©vib

• cÖ‡R± ev Íevqb:

wkïiv `‡j exR ec‡bi Rb¨ gvwU cÖ¯ ÍyZ Ki‡e| exR ecY Ki‡e I cÖ‡qvRbxq cwigvY cvwb

†`‡e| ¯vbwU msiÿ‡Yi eë¯v Ki‡e A_©vr m¤¢e n‡j exR ec‡bi ¯vbwU †Niv †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|

cÖwZw`b wkïiv exR ec‡bi ¯vb ch©‡eÿY Ki‡e| cÖ‡qvRbxq cwigvY cvwb †`‡e| †bvsiv

AveR©bv co‡j Zv cwi®‥vi Ki‡e|

cÖwZw`‡bi cwieZ©b¸‡jv wbweofv‡e jÿ¨ Ki‡e|

A¼z‡iv`Mg nevi ci wkïiv AsKzi wbweofv‡e ch©‡eÿY Ki‡e| A¼zi †_‡K Kxfv‡e cvZv nq Zv

cÖw`w`b jÿ¨ Ki‡e|

wkïiv exR ecb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cvZv nIqv ch©š Í wewfbœ av‡ci avivevwnK wPÎ AuvK‡e|

`jMZfv‡e Zv‡ì KvR Dc¯vcb Ki‡e|

cÖwZw`‡bi cwieZ©b¸‡jv wb‡q †kÖwYK‡ÿ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e|

• cÖ‡R± ch©v‡jvPbv:

Kxfv‡e GKwU exR †_‡K A¼yi nq †mLvb †_‡K cvZv nq Zv wb‡q wkïiv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡e|

Dw™¢` Avgv‡ì Kx Kx DcKv‡i Av‡m Zv wb‡q wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiæb|

Mv‡Qi hZœ wb‡Z wkï‡ì DØy× Ki‡Z n‡e|

cÖ‡R±wU †_‡K wkïiv bZzb Kx Kx wk‡L‡Q?

cÖ‡R±wU ev¯ Íevqb Ki‡Z †Kvb welq¸‡jv wkï‡ì fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q I †Kvb KvR¸‡jv Zv‡ì Kv‡Q

P¨v‡jwÄs g‡b n‡q‡Q?

wkÿK mnvwqKv 188

3. cÖ‡R± bvg: Avgv‡ì cQ‡›ì dzj, dj, mewR I gvQ |

wkLbdj:

• ch©‡eÿY I K‡_vcK_‡bi gva¨‡g Z_¨ msMÖn Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

• wewfbœ •ewk‡óï wfwË‡Z msM„nxZ Z_¨mg~‡ni †kªwYKiY, Zzjbv I Dc¯vcb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

avcmg~n:

• `jMVb: wkï‡ì 4wU `‡j fvM Ki‡Z n‡e| 4wU wfbœ wfbœ bv‡g `j¸‡jvi bvgKiY Ki‡Z n‡e| cÖ_g

`‡ji bvg dzj, wØZxq `‡ji bvg dj, Z…Zxq `‡ji bvg mewR Ges PZz_© `‡ji bvg gvQ|

• Av‡jvPbv: †Kvb `‡ji Kx `vwqZ¡ Zv wb‡q we¯ ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z n‡e|

• cÖ_g `j A_©vr dzj `‡ji KvR n‡jv †kªwY‡Z Dcw Z wkïiv 4wU dz‡ji (Muv`v, Rev, kvcjv, m~h©gywL)

g‡a¨ †Kvb dzj me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zv cÖwZwU wkïi mv‡_ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e K_v e‡j Rvbv,

Z_¨¸‡jv msMÖn Kiv I †kªwYK‡ÿi|

wØZxq `j A_©vr dj `‡ji KvR n‡jv †kªwY‡Z Dcw Z wkïiv 4wU d‡ji (KuvVvj, †cu‡c, †cqviv,

Kjv) g‡a¨ †Kvb dj me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zv cÖwZwU wkïi mv‡_ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e K_v

e‡j Rvbv, Z_¨¸‡jv msMÖn Kiv I Zv‡ì cQ‡›ì Zzjbv Kiv|

Z…Zxq `j A_©vr mewR `‡ji KvR n‡jv †kªwY‡Z Dcw Z wkïiv 4wU mewRi (wkg, jvD, †e¸b I

dzjKwc) g‡a¨ †Kvb mewR me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zv cÖwZwU wkïi mv‡_ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e

K_v e‡j Rvbv, Z_¨¸‡jv msMÖn Kiv I Zv‡ì cQ‡›ì Zzjbv Kiv|

PZz_© `j A_©vr gvQ `‡ji KvR n‡jv †kªwY‡Z Dcw Z wkïiv 4wU gv‡Qi (•K, wks, iæB, cv½vm)

g‡a¨ †Kvb gvQ me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i Zv cÖwZwU wkïi mv‡_ Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e K_v e‡j

Rvbv, Z_¨¸‡jv msMÖn Kiv I Zv‡ì cQ‡›ì Zzjbv Kiv|

dzj, dj, mewR I gv‡Qi bvg ¯vbxqwfwË‡Z cwieZ©b Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| wkï‡ì Kv‡Q cwiwPZ I wcÖq

dzj, dj, mewR I gv‡Qi bvg eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Z‡e †Mvjvc dzj, Avg I Bwjk gv‡Qi bvg

eënvi bv KivB DwPZ KviY †m‡ÿ‡Î mKj wkï ïaygvÎ †Mvjvc dzj, Avg I Bwjk gvQ cQ›` Ki‡Z

cv‡i d‡j GB cÖ‡R‡±i g~j D‡Ïk¨ e¨nZ n‡Z cv‡i|

• cwiKíbv cÖYqb: wkïiv `jMZ cwiKíbv cÖYqb Ki‡e| cwiKíbv cÖYq‡b †h welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Ki‡e

Zv n‡jv-


`‡j wkï‡ì wb‡R‡ì g‡a¨ `vwqZ¡ eÈb

cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY wbe©vPb Ges DcKiY msMÖ‡ni Dcvq I Drm wba©viY

KvRwU m¤ú~Y© Kivi Rb¨ cwiKíbv cÖYqb

• ev Íevqb:

wb‡gœ DwjøwLZ av‡c av‡c wkïiv cÖ‡R± ev¯ Íevqb Ki‡e-


Z_¨ msMÖ‡ni gva¨g: cÖwZwU `j cÖvK-cÖv_wgK †kªwYi wkï‡ì †gvU msL¨vi A‡a©K msL¨K GKB

gv‡ci KvMR (AvbygvwbK A-4 mvBR) msMÖn Ki‡e ev LvZv †_‡K †K‡U wb‡e|


KvMR¸‡jv mgvbfv‡e A‡a©K Ki‡e| `‡j e‡m cÖwZwU KvM‡R `j Abyhvqx wPÎ AuvK‡e| †hgb-dzj `j

cÖwZwU Kv‡W©B Muv`v, Rev, kvcjv I m~h©gywL dz‡ji wPÎ AuvK‡e| dj `j cÖwZwU Kv‡W©B KuvVvj, †cu‡c,

†cqviv I Kjvi wPÎ AuvK‡e| mewR `j cÖwZwU Kv‡W© wkg, jvD, †e¸b I dzjKwci wPÎ AuvK‡e| gvQ

`j cÖwZwU Kv‡W© •K, wks, iæB I cv½vm gv‡Qi wPÎ AuvK‡e| cÖwZwU `j‡KB †kªwY‡Z hZRb wkï i‡q‡Q

Zvi mgvb msL¨K KvW© evbv‡Z n‡e|

Z_¨ msMÖn: †kªwYi cÖwZwU wkïi Kv‡Q wb‡Ri `‡ji m`m¨`mn Rvb‡Z PvB‡e Zviv †KvbwU cQ›`

K‡i| cÖwZwU wkïi cQ›`‡K Avjv`v Kv‡W© wUK wPý w`‡q ivL‡Z n‡e|

Z_¨ †kªwYKiY: wUK wPý ev †Mvj `v‡Mi Dci wfwË K‡i KvW©¸‡jv Avjv`v Ki‡Z n‡e| A_©vr

dj `‡ji †ÿ‡Î KuvVvj, †cu‡c, †cqviv I kvcjv wUK wPý †`qv¸‡jv Avjv`v Avjv`v Ki‡Z n‡e|

Z_¨ Dc ’vcb: cÖwZwU `j Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e Zv‡ì msM„nxZ Z_¨ Dc vcb Ki‡e| Dc¯vc‡bi

†ÿ‡Î GKB ai‡bi wUK wPý †`qv KvW©¸‡jv GKUvi Dci GKUv AvVv w`‡q PK †ev‡W© jvMv‡Z

n‡e| wPÎ Abyhvqx dj `‡ji †ÿ‡Î KuvVvj, †cu‡c, †cqviv I Kjv wUK wPý †`qv KvW©¸‡jv

cvkvcvwk jvMv‡Z n‡e| cvkvcvwk Dc¯vwcZ KvW©¸‡jvi DPZv †`‡L wkïiv ej‡e Zv‡ì †kªwYi

wkïiv †Kvb dj me‡P‡q †ewk cQ›` K‡i| †Kvb dj me‡P‡q Kg wkï cQ›` K‡i| †Kvb d‡ji

†P‡q †Kvb dj †ewk cQ›` K‡i| Gfv‡e †ev‡W© Dc¯vwcZ KvW© †`‡L wkÿK ev Ab¨ `‡ji

m`mïv cÖkœ Ki‡e Avi Dc¯vcbKvix `j Zvi DËi †èvi †Póv Ki‡e|

ch©v‡jvPbv: mKj `‡ji Dc¯vcb †kl n‡j wkï‡ì wb‡q Zviv †h cÖ‡R± m¤ú~Y© K‡i‡Q Zv wb‡q

Av‡jvPbv Kiæb| Av‡jvPbvq wb‡P D‡jøwLZ welq¸‡jv we‡ePbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i-

* cÖ‡R±wU †_‡K wkïiv bZzb Kx Kx wk‡L‡Q?

* cÖ‡R±wU ev Íevqb Ki‡Z †Kvb welq¸‡jv wkï‡ì fv‡jv †j‡M‡Q I †Kvb KvR¸‡jv Zv‡ì

Kv‡Q P¨v‡jwÄs g‡b n‡q‡Q?

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wk¶v 189

wkÿK mnvwqKv 190

AwffveK mfv I g~j¨vqb

AwffveK mfv g~j¨vqb

AwffveK mfv I Gi D‡Ïk¨ g~j¨vq‡bi D‡Ïk

AwffveK mfv cwiPvjbv †K․kj g~j¨vq‡bi †ÿÎ

g~j¨vqb msµvš Í Av‡jvPbv g~j¨vq‡bi •ewkó¨

AwffveK mfvq Av‡jvPbvi welq g~j¨vqb †K․kj

g~j¨vqb Z_¨ we‡k ølY I

AwffveK‡K AewnZKiY


AwffveK mfv

(K) AwffveK mfv I Gi D‡Ïk¨

wkïi cÖ_g wkÿK n‡jb Zvi gvZvwcZv| R‡b¥i ci gvZvwcZvB Zv‡K †L‡Z †kLvb, nuvU‡Z †kLvb, K_v

ej‡Z †kLvb| Zvici ax‡i ax‡i wkï Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek I gvbyl¸‡jvi mv‡_ wg_w®…qv K‡i µgvMZ

AviI bZzb bZzb welq wkL‡Z _v‡K| Gici †m hLb cÖvK-cÖv_wgK we`¨vj‡q Av‡m, ZLbI †m cÖwZw`b †Kej

AvovB NÈv mgq we`¨vj‡q KvUvq| w`‡bi evwK mgqUzKz †m KvUvq cwiev‡i| myZivs wkïi weKvk I wkL‡b

wkÿ‡Ki cvkvcvwk gvZvwcZvi f~wgKvI AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|

GRb¨ wkïi mvwe©K weKvk wbwðZ Kivi j‡ÿ¨ gvZvwcZv‡K wkïi weKvk m¤ú‡K© m‡PZb I G cÖwµqvq

Zv‡ì‡K wbweofv‡e m¤ú„³ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| †m D‡Ï‡k¨B wkÿK cÖwZ gv‡m GKevi AwffveK mfvi Av‡qvRb

Ki‡eb|

(L) AwffveK mfv cwiPvjbv †KŠkj

AwffveK mfv cwiPvjbvi †ÿ‡Î Lye mywbw ©ó aiveuvav wbqg-Kvby‡bi cwie‡Z© A‡cÿvK…Z bgbxq †K․kj

Aej¤b Ki‡Z n‡e| wkÿK Zvi we`¨vjq I Gi Av‡kcv‡ki GjvKvi cwi‡ek-cwiw wZ, ms¯‥…wZ Abyhvqx

mfvi mgq I cwiPvjbv †K․kj wba©viY Ki‡eb| mfvi ZvwiL I mgq wVK Kivi mgq wkÿK AwffveK‡ì

mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i Zv‡ì myweavRbK mg‡q wVK Ki‡eb|

wkÿK gv‡m GKevi K¬vm †kl nIqvi c‡i GK NÈve¨vcx mfvi Av‡qvRb Ki‡eb| Av‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î wkÿK

wb¤œwjwLZ c`‡ÿç‡jv AbymiY Ki‡eb,

• mfvi ïiæ‡Z Kzkjvw` wewbgq K‡i wkÿK wkïiv †kÖwYK‡ÿ Kx Kx wkL‡Q, Zv‡ì Abyf~wZ, fv‡jv jvMv

g›` jvMv, BZ¨vw` wb‡q K_v ej‡eb| cÖwZ gv‡mB wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkï‡ì Pjgvb Kv‡Ri AMÖMwZ

m¤ú‡K© AwffveK‡ì mvaviYfv‡e AewnZ Ki‡eb| Gmgq wkÿK wkï‡ì nv‡Zi KvR †hgb-Qwe,

Kv`v gvwU w`‡q •ZwiK…Z KvR, †jLvi LvZv BZ¨vw` †`Lv‡Z cv‡ib| G‡ÿ‡Î cªvK-cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq

ïiæi w`‡K wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ eëüZ wkLb †kLv‡bv I †Ljbv DcKiY cÖ`k©b Ki‡Z cv‡ib|

• Gici wkÿK c~e©wba©vwiZ cÖ‡qvRbxq welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb, †hgb-mwVK mg‡q ¯‥z‡j Dcw wZ,

¯‥z‡ji cvkvcvwk evwo‡ZI cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZv †g‡b Pjv BZ¨vw`|

• me‡k‡l wkÿK AwffveK‡ì cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ‧‡ii g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡eb| GQvovI,

g~j¨vqb MvBWjvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K wkÿK wkïi AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© mswkøó AwffveK‡K AewnZ Ki‡eb|

cÖ‡qvRb mv‡c‡ÿ, AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i wkïi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨vw` msMÖn

Ki‡eb|

(M) g~j¨vqb msµvšÍ Av‡jvPbv

AwffveK mfvq wkÿK AwffveK‡ì cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ‧‡ii g~j¨vqb cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© AewnZ Ki‡eb| GQvovI,

g~j¨vb MvBWjvB‡bi Av‡jv‡K wkÿK wkïi AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© mswkøó AwffveK‡K AewnZ Ki‡eb| cÖ‡qvRb

mv‡c‡ÿ, AwffveK‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i wkïi g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨vw` msMÖn Ki‡eb|

wkÿK mnvwqKv 192

mfvq wkÿL wb‡R me K_v bv e‡j AwffveK‡ì †ewk K_v ejvi my‡hvM K‡i †`‡eb, Zv‡ì mKj‡ DrmvwnZ

Ki‡Z mfvq gv‡S gv‡S cÖavb wkÿK ev GmGgwmi mfvcwZ ev m`m¨ Dcw Z _vK‡j cvi‡j fv‡jv nq|

(N) AwffveK mfvq Av‡jvPbvi welq

mvaviYfv‡e AwffveK mfvq Av‡jvPbvi g~j welqe ‧ n‡Q wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkï‡ì mv‡_ Kx Kx KvR K‡ib

(†hgb-Qwe AuvKv, Mvb, Mí, Qov, †Ljv cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœZv, eY© I msL¨v †kLv BZ¨vw`), †Kb G¸‡jv K‡ib ev

G¸‡jvi D‡Ïk¨ Kx, Gme Kv‡R gvZvwcZv Kxfv‡e mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib (¯‥z‡j †kLv welq¸‡jv evwo‡Z wkïi

mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv Kiv, †Ljbv •Zwi K‡i †Ìqv), wkïi weKv‡k Zv‡ì f~wgKv Kx BZ¨vw`| wb‡P mfvq Av‡jvPbv

Kiv, †Ljbv •Zwi K‡i †Ìqv), wkïi weKv‡k Zv‡ì f~wgKv Kx BZ¨vw`| wb‡P mfvq Av‡jvPbvi Rb¨ KZ¸‡jv

m¤¢ve¨ welq Ges †mB m‡½ †mB wel‡q Kx Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb †m m¤úwK©Z Z_¨ cÖ`vb Kiv n‡jv| wkÿK G

welq¸‡jv †_‡K Zvi †cÖÿvc‡U cÖvmw½K Ggb welqe ‧ wbe©vPb Ki‡eb| wkÿK AwffveK mfv ïiæi Av‡MB

welqe ‧ mswkøó Z‡_¨ wfwË‡Z cÖ ‧wZ MÖnY Ki‡eb| g‡b ivLv cÖ‡qvRb, Av‡jvPbvi welq¸‡jv µg Abymv‡i

wba©viY Kiv bq| wkÿK †h‡Kv‡bv welq wb‡q †h‡Kv‡bv mgq Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z cv‡ib, KL‡bv KL‡bv GKB

mfvq GKvwaK wel‡qI Av‡jvKcvZ Ki‡Z cv‡ib| wb‡¤œv³ welq¸‡jv ïay wkÿK‡K mnvqZv Kivi Rb¨| Gi

evB‡iI †h‡Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRbxqI vbxqfv‡e cÖvmw½K welq Av‡jvPbvi welqe¯‧ n‡Z cv‡i|

1. wkïi weKvk I wkïi weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv:

mvaviYZ Avgiv mK‡jB wkïi my¯ I ¯vfvweK weKvk ej‡Z ïay Zvi kix‡ii e„w×‡KB eywS| ZvB wkïi

IRb, DPZv, ¯v¯¨ wVK Av‡Q wKbv, AmyL wemyL n‡jv wKbv †mw`‡K ¸iæZ¡ †`B| wkïi kvixwiK e„w×i Gme

w`K Aek¨B ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| Z‡e Gi cvkvcvwk Zvi gvbwmK, mvgvwRK, Av‡ewMK, •bwZK weKvkI Zvi cwic~Y©

weKv‡ki Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| †mRb¨ Zvi Lvevi-`vevi I h‡Zœi cvkvcvwk Zv‡K Avì-fv‡jvevmv †`qv,

wPšÍv I AbymÜvb Kivi my‡hvM K‡i †Ìqv, Ab¨ wkï‡ì mv‡_ †gjv‡gkv I †Ljvayjv Kiv, wb‡Ri KvR wb‡R

Kivi Af¨vm M‡o †Zvjv, m„Rbkxj KvR Ki‡Z Drmvn †Ìqv cÖ‡qvRb| Gfv‡e wkïi kixi, gb, eyw×gËv,

K_v ejv I Ab¨‡ì mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM, fv‡jv eënvi I Avè-Kvq`v, •bwZKZv BZ¨vw` mKj w`‡K Zvi weKvk

wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

myZvivs gvZvwcZviI ïay eBwbf©i covi w`‡K bv ZvwK‡q evwo‡Z wkïi †Ljvayjvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Zvi

mvg‡b evwoi eoiv fv‡jv KvR I Rxeb-hvc‡bi „óvšÍ ¯vcb Ki‡Z n‡e, †hgb-A‡bï gZvg‡Zi ¸iæZ¡ †`qv,

kÖ×v Kiv, mgqg‡Zv KvR Kiv, cwi®‥vi-cwiQbœ _vKv, mZ¨ I b¨v‡qi c‡_ Pjv, AmyweavMÖ Í‡ì mvnvh¨-

mn‡hvwMZv Kiv| evwoi eoiv G¸‡jv PP©v bv Ki‡j wkïivI G¸‡jv wkL‡e bv| †Kbbv wkïiv cÖwZwbqZ †`‡L,

ï‡b I AbyKiY K‡i †k‡L| myZivs wkïi mvwe©K weKv‡k gvZvwcZvi GKwU eo f~wgKv i‡q‡Q| GRb¨

gvZvwcZv wkïi mv‡_ wbqwgZ †h KvR¸‡jv Ki‡Z cv‡ib †m¸‡jv n‡jv-

• wkï‡K cywóKi Lvevi †Ìqv;

• wkï‡K h‡_ó Avì-hZœ I fv‡jvevmv †Ìqv;

• wkïi K_v g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q †kvbv, •ah©¨ a‡i Zvi mKj cÖ‡kœi DËi †Ìqv, wewfbœ wel‡q †hgb-

we`¨vj‡qi KvR wb‡q Zvi mv‡_ K_v ejv, Zvi eÜz‡ì m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z PvIqv;


• wkïi wbqwgZ I mgqg‡Zv ¯‥z‡i Dcw wZ wbwðZ Kiv;

• wkï‡K evwo‡Z eB c‡o †kvbv‡bv / Mí †kvbv‡bv, †Ljv Kiv;

• wkïi mv‡_ †Lvjv‡gjv eÜzZ¡c~Y© m¤úK© ivLv;

• wkïi Rb¨ eB, †Ljbv BZ¨vw` †RvMvo Kiv Ges evwo‡Z Zvi Rb¨ GKwU Avjv`v †Ljvi RvqMv ivLv;

• evwoi Ab¨ m`m¨‡ì g‡Zv wkïwU‡KI h‡_ó ¸iæZ¡ †Ìqv Ges wewfbœ wel‡q Zvi gZvgZ †kvbv

BZ¨vw`|

2. wkïi weKv‡k evevi f~wgKv

Avgv‡ì mgv‡R wkï Rb¥`vb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i Zvi jvjb-cvjb I h‡Zœ mvaviYZ gv‡q‡ì‡KB g~L¨ f~wgKv

cvjb Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| GgbwK Zvi †jLvcov I Ab¨vb¨ †ÿ‡Î weKv‡kI gv‡KB g~L¨ `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z nq|

eveviv wkïi †e‡o IVv I weKv‡k Lye KgB m¤ú„³ nb| †Kbbv mvaviYZ a‡i †bIqv n‡q †h, evevi `vwqZ ¡

Avq-DcvR©b Kiv, evRvi-m`vB Kiv I evwoi evB‡ii Ab¨vb¨ KvR m¤úv`b Kiv| wkïi weKv‡k evevi f~wgKv

Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e Kg| wKš‧ M‡elYvq †`Lv †M‡Q †hme †ÿ‡Î gv‡qi cvkvcvwk evevI wkïi e„w× I weKv‡k

mwµq f~wgKv †i‡L‡Qb, †mme †ÿ‡Î wkïi weKvk A‡bK †ewk Z¡ivwš^Z nq| wkïi Av`k© Zvi evev-gv

yBR‡bB| wkï yBR‡bi Kv‡Q †_‡K mgvb hZœ I g‡bv‡hvM cÖZ¨vkv nq| wkïi Av`k© Zvi evev-gv yBR‡bB|

wkï yBR‡bi KvQ †_‡KB mgvb hZœ I g‡bv‡hvM cÖZ¨vkv K‡i| ZvB hZUv m¤¢e evev‡KI wkïi jvjbcvjb I

weKv‡ki Kv‡R m¤ú„³ n‡Z n‡e| G‡Z K‡i cvwievwiK eÜb „p n‡e Ges wkïi cieZx© Rxe‡b GKRb fv‡jv

gvbyl wn‡m‡e M‡o IVvi m¤¢vebv e„w× cv‡e|

3. we`¨vj‡qi Kv‡R Awffve‡Ki KiYxq

wkïi weKvk wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ gvZvwcZv evwo‡Z †hgb bvbv ai‡bi KvR Ki‡eb, †Zgwb we`¨vj‡qI G `vwqZ¡

cvjb Ki‡Z cv‡ib| †hme Kv‡R Zviv we`¨vjq I wkÿK‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z cv‡ib †m¸‡jv n‡jv-

• wbqwgZ AwffveK mfvq Dcw Z _vKv;

• †kªwYi Kv‡R wkÿK‡K mnvqZv Kiv;

• ¯vbxqfv‡e cvIqv hvq Ggb †Ljbv, eB I Ab¨vb¨ DcKiY m¤¢e n‡j †kÖwYK‡ÿ mieivn Kiv ev

¯vbxq DcKiY eënvi K‡i wewfbœ DcKiY •Zwi K‡i †`qv;

• wkÿK‡ì mv‡_ mvgvwRK †hvMv‡hvM ivLv;

• we`¨vj‡qi Dbœqb Kv‡R mnvqZv cÖ`vb;

• ¯vbxq we‡`¨vrmvnx e¨w³‡ì mv‡_ we`¨vj‡qi Kvh©Ki †hvMv‡hvM vc‡b mnvqZv Kiv BZ¨vw`|

4. wkïi weKv‡k †Ljvi ¸iæZ¡

cÖwZwU wkïB mnRvZfv‡e †Ljvayiv Ki‡Z Pvq| Zviv GKv GKv ev `‡j Ab¨ wkï‡ì mv‡_ wg‡j bvbv ai‡bi

†Ljv †Lj‡Z fv‡jvev‡m| A‡bK mgq Avgiv eoiv a‡i †bB †h, wkï‡ì Gme †Ljvayjvi we‡kl †Kv‡bv g~j¨

†bB| G‡Z ïay ïay mgq bó nq, G‡Z wkïi †Kv‡bv DcKvi †Zv nqB bv, eis Zvi ÿwZ nq| †Ljvayjv K‡i

Af¨vm bó bv K‡i Zvi Avm‡j ¯‥z‡ji eB cov DwPr, hv‡Z †m fwel¨‡Z cixÿvq fv‡jv djvdj Ki‡Z cv‡i|

ZvB A‡bK †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB Avgiv Zvi Dci A‡bK cov‡jLvi †evSv Pvwc‡q †`B Ges Zvi fv‡jv bv

wkÿK mnvwqKv 194

jvM‡jI Zv‡K cov‡jLv Ki‡Z eva¨ Kwi| G‡Z Zvi covi cÖwZ †hgb weZ…òv •Zwi nq †Zgwb †m A‡bK

ai‡bi weKvk †_‡KI ewÂZ nq| wkï hLb †L‡j †m kvwiixK mvg_© AR©b K‡i, wbqg-Kvbyb AbymiY Ki‡Z

†k‡L, ¸Y‡ZI cwigvc Ki‡Z †k‡L, hyw³-eyw× cÖ‡qvM Ki‡Z †k‡L, mevi mv‡_ wg‡j Pj‡Z †k‡L, A‡bï

gZvg‡Zi g~j¨ w`‡Z †k‡L, †kqvwis Ki‡Z †k‡L, wm×všÍ MÖnY Ki‡Z †k‡L, †Ljvq †bZ…Z¡ †Ìqv I A‡bï

†bZ…Z¡ †g‡b wb‡Z †k‡L| Avm‡j †Ljvi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì †h KZ ai‡bi weKvk nq Zv e‡j †kl Kiv hv‡e bv|

ZvB wkï‡ì‡K †Ljvi Rb¨ my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Ges g‡b ivL‡Z n‡e †h, †Ljv wkïi AwaKvi| G AwaKvi

†_‡K Zv‡K ewÂZ Kiv Ab¨vq|

5. †Q‡j‡g‡q mevB mgvb

mvwe©K weKv‡ki Rb¨ †Q‡j-†g‡q Df‡qiB mgvb mnvqZv cÖ‡qvRb| †Q‡j-†g‡q Df‡qB gvbyl Ges mewKQz‡Z

yBR‡biB mgvb AwaKvi i‡q‡Q| myZivs evev-gv wn‡m‡e Avgv‡ì `vwqZ¡ n‡e †Q‡j-†g‡q Df‡qi mv‡_ GKB

iKg eënvi Kiv, Zv‡ì †jLvcov, †Ljvayjv I wPwKrmvi †ÿ‡Î mgvbfv‡e my‡hvM cÖ`vb Kiv, Ges †Kv‡bv

†ÿ‡ZB †Kv‡bv ai‡bi •elg¨ bv Kiv| GKRb mymšÍvb, †m †Q‡j †nvK ev †g‡q, †m gvZvwcZv, cwievi, mgvR

I RvwZi m¤ú`| myZivs mymšÍvb •Zwi‡Z gvZvwcZv wn‡m‡e Av`v‡ì `vwqZ¡UzKz Avgv‡ì cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e|

6. m„RbkxjZv‡K Drmvn †Ìqv

wkïiv GKBiKg KvR evievi bv K‡i bZzb bZzb KvR Ki‡Z Pvq, bZzb bZzb wRwbm wb‡q bZzb bZzb †Ljv

†Lj‡Z Pvq, bZzb bZzb wRwbm evbv‡Z Pvq| Zv‡ì G ai‡bi Kv‡R euvav bv w`‡q AviI Drmvn †Ìqv DwPZ|

G‡Z Zviv AviI m„Rbkxj n‡q I‡V| †hgb, †m hw` Zvi wb‡Ri g‡Zv K‡i Kíbv wgwk‡q dzj, cvwL, Ni

BZ¨vw` AuvK‡Z cv‡i, AvKv‡ki is bxj bv w`‡q meyR w`‡Z cv‡i| ZLb GUv nqwb bv e‡j eis †Kb †m

Gfv‡e AuvK‡jv ev GiKg is w`j Zv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Kiv DwPZ Ges Zvi hyw³‡Z kÖ×v Kiv DwPZ| GKRb

gvbyl hZ m„Rbkxj, †m ZZ mdj, AvZ¥wek¦vmx Ges eûgyLx cÖwZfvi AwaKvix| ZvB wkï‡K Zvi m¤¢vebvi

m‡e©vP weK‡k mnvqZv Ki‡Z, Zvi AvZ¥wek¦vm evov‡Z Zv‡K bvbv ai‡bi m„Rbkxj Kv‡R Drmvn w`‡Z n‡e|

wKš‧ m„RbkxjZv AvcbvAvcwb •Zwi nq bv| GwU PP©v I jvjb Ki‡Z nq| †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB m„RbkxjZvi PP©v

bv Ki‡j GB ¸Y weKwkZ nq bv| ZvB ïay eBwbf©i cv‡V wkï‡ì‡K Ave× bv †i‡L gvZvwcZvi DwPr

wkï‡ì‡K Qwe AuvKv, Mí ejv, Mvb MvIqv, bvP Kiv, Qov Ave„wË Kiv, Awfbq Kiv, gvwU, cvZv, KvwV, wewP

w`‡q bvbv iK‡gi wRwbm •Zwi Kiv BZ¨vw` Kv‡R DrmvwnZ Kiv|

7. nqivwb I wbh©vZbg~jK AvPiY †_‡K wkï‡K iÿv Kiv

Avgv‡ì mgv‡R eoiv wkï‡ì‡K kvmb K‡ib, K_v bv ïb‡j eKv †`b, A‡bK mgq gvi‡aviI K‡ib|

we`¨vj‡qi wkÿKivI bvbv mg‡q wkïiv Aeva¨ n‡j kvw Í †`b| GB PP©v¸‡jv Avgv‡ì mgv‡R `xN©`xb a‡i

cÖPwjZ Ges Avgiv GUv‡K †g‡b wb‡qwQ| wKš‧ Avgiv KL‡bv †f‡e †`wL bv- †h Kvi‡Y Avgiv wkï‡ì kvw Í

†`B, kvw Í †Ìqvi ci †m KviYwU cÖwZKvi nq wKbv| A_©vr wkï Aeva¨ n‡j kvw Í †Ìqv nq; wKš‧ kvw¯Í

†Ìqvi ci wK wkï eva¨ nq? Zv wKš‧ nq bv| †m ax‡i ax‡i AviI Aeva¨ I †eqvov n‡q I‡V| ïay ZvB bq,


Zvi mvgvwRK I Av‡ewM weKvkI gvivZ¥Kfv‡e ÿwZMÖ Í nq| †m cv‡V I Ab¨vb¨ Kv‡R AvMÖn nvwi‡q †d‡j,

nxbgb¨Zvq †fv‡M, A‡bK wkï fxZ-mš¿ Í I DwØMœ n‡q I‡V, Zvi AvZ¥wek¦vm I AvZ¥m¤§vb‡eva gvivZ¥Kfv‡e

ÿwZMÖ Í nq, A‡bK mgq wkï AviI Aeva¨, AvµgYvZ¥K I AvMÖvmx n‡q D‡V| myZivs wkïi fv‡jv Ki‡Z

wM‡q wb‡Ri ARv‡šÍB Avgiv Zvi ÿwZ K‡i †dwj| ZvB Avgv‡ì eyS‡Z n‡e †h, cÖwZwU wkïi wbR¯ fv‡jv

jvMv-g›` jvMv, AvMÖn, BQv, gZvgZ _vK‡Z cv‡i| Avgv‡ì Aek¨B wkïi BQv-AwbQv‡K g~j¨ w`‡Z n‡e|

hw` g‡b nq †Kv‡bv wkï K_v ïb‡Q bv ev AbvKvwLZ AvPiY Ki‡Q, Z‡e Zvi mv‡_ welqwU wb‡q Av‡jvPbv

Ki‡Z n‡e, Zv‡K eywS‡q ej‡Z n‡e †Kb GwU MÖnY‡hvM¨ bq Ges Kxfv‡e ax‡i ax‡i wkï Zvi AbvKvwLZ

AvPiY cwieZ©b Ki‡Z cv‡i †m Abyhvqx Zv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡Z n‡e| Aek¨B gvZvwcZv‡K wkïi eÜz I

wbf©i‡hvM¨ Avk¨q¯j n‡Z n‡e| kvw Í G‡ÿ‡Î †Kv‡bv mgvavb bq| †mB m‡½ nqivwb I wbh©vZbg~jK AvPi‡Y

wkÿ‡Ki Rb¨ 182-183 c„ôvq †Ìqv Z_¨ GLv‡b eënvi Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|

8. wkïiv cwi‡ek †_‡K †k‡L

wkï mnRvZfv‡eB †K․Z~njx| †m Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek‡K Rvbvi Acvi AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡i, AmsL¨ cÖkœ K‡i

Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek I RMr m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z Pvq| eoiv A‡bK mgq wkïi nvRv‡iv cÖ‡kœ wei³ nb Ges

Pvicv‡ki cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ wkï‡K wg_w®…qv Kivi my‡hvM K‡i †`b bv| GwU wVK bq, Aek¨B wkï‡ì‡K Zvi

Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek‡K Rvb‡Z DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z n‡e, Zv‡K AbymÜvb I cixÿv-wbixÿv Kivi my‡hvM w`‡Z n‡e|

wkï‡ì †kLvi Av‡iKwU kw³kvjx Dcvq n‡jv nv‡Z-Kj‡g K‡i †kLv| GRb¨ wkï‡ì‡K wb‡R wb‡R wewfbœ

KvR K‡i †kLvi my‡hvM K‡i w`‡Z n‡e| wkïiv ïay †h cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek †_‡K †k‡L ZvB bq, †m mvgvwRK

cwi‡ek †_‡KI A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wkLb AR©b K‡i| Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡e‡k eoiv Kx Ki‡Q Zv †m ch©‡eÿY

K‡i, Kv‡RB eo‡ìI DwPr bq Ggb AR©b K‡i| Zvi Pvicv‡ki cwi‡ek eoiv Kx Ki‡Q Zv †m ch©‡eÿY

K‡i, Kv‡RB eo‡ìI DwPr bq Ggb KvR Kiv hv †`‡L wkïiv †bwZevPK wKQz †k‡L| †hgb-†hLv‡b †mLv‡b

gqjv-AveR©bv †djv, KvD‡K Mvjg›` Kiv BZ¨vw`|

9. wkïi e¨w³MZ cwi®‹vi cwi”QbœZvi Af¨vm M‡o †Zvjv

Lye †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB wkïi gv‡S cwi®‥vi cwiQbœZvi Af¨vm M‡o Zzj‡Z n‡e| †hgb-wb‡R wb‡R LvIqvi

Af¨vm Kiv, LvIqvi Av‡M I c‡i mvevb w`‡q nvZ w`‡q †avqv, wb‡R wb‡R Uq‡jU eënvi Kiv, Uq‡jU

eënv‡ii mgq m¨v‡Ûj civ, Uq‡jU eënv‡ii ci mvevb w`‡q nvZ †avqv, wbqwgZ †Mvmj Kiv, †Ljvi c‡i

nvZ-gyL-cv †avqv, wbqwgZ uvZ gvRv, bL KvUv, Pzj AuvPov‡bv, wb‡Ri wRwbm wb‡R ¸wQ‡q ivLv BZ¨vw`| Gme

Af¨vm wkïiv hZ †QvU †_‡K PP©v Ki‡e Ges wb‡R wb‡R Ki‡Z wkL‡e, ZZ Zv‡ì Af¨vm fv‡jvfv‡e •Zwi

n‡e|

10. wkïi wbivcËv I hZœ

wbivcËv I hZœ cvIqv wkïi AwaKvi| evwo‡Z gvZvwcZv‡K wkïi h_vh_ wbivcËv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e|

GRb¨ aviv‡jv Qzwi, ewU, wec`RbK Jla, •e y¨wZK Zvi BZ¨vw` wkïi KvQ †_‡K ~‡i ivL‡Z n‡e|

GQvovI wkïiv hv‡Z Pzjvi Av¸‡bi Kv‡Q cyKz‡ii Kv‡Q bv hvq Zv wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| A‡bK mgq wkïiv

wbwl× wRwb‡mi cÖwZ AvMÖn cÖKvk K‡i| ZvB ïay G¸‡jvi Kv‡Q hvIqv ev ai‡Z wb‡la bv K‡i Gme wRwbm

†h wec¾bK Zv wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i eywR‡q w`‡Z n‡e| hwÌ †ewkifvM †ÿ‡Î AwffveK wkï‡ì

wkÿK mnvwqKv 196

¯‥z‡j †c․‡Q †`b I wb‡q Av‡mb, ZeyI iv Ív cvivcv‡ii wbqgvewj wkï‡ì mv‡_ Av‡jvPbv K‡i eywS‡q †Ìqv

fv‡jv, hv‡Z †m G e¨vcv‡i m‡PZb n‡q DV‡Z cv‡i| KL‡bv †Kv‡bv AcwiwPZ e¨w³i KvQ †_‡K wkïiv hv‡Z

†Kvb wKQz bv †bq †m e¨vcv‡iI Zv‡ì mveavb K‡i w`‡Z n‡e Ges G‡Z Kx wec` n‡Z cv‡i Zv Av‡jvPbv

K‡i eywS‡q w`‡Z ne‡| wkï‡ì wbivc` Dcv‡q muvZvi wkLv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i Awffve‡Ki D‡`¨vM MÖnY Ki‡Z

n‡e|

KwgDwbwUi m¤ú„³Zv

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv ev Íevq‡b Acwinvh© GKwU †ÿÎ n‡jv KwgDwbwU ev Rb mgv‡Ri m¤ú„³Zv| mgv‡Ri

wewfbœ ¯‧‡ii †jvK †hgb-BDwbqb cwil‡ì †Pqvig¨vb, †g¤vi, Dc‡Rjv wkÿv Awdmvi, †Rjv ¯v¯ Awdmvi,

GjvKvi MY¨gvb¨ e¨w³, ¯‥z‡ji cÖavb wkÿK GB mgv‡Ri AšÍfz©³| GKwU wkï †hgb Zvi cwiev‡ii GKRb

m`m¨ GKBmv‡_ mgv‡RiI| †m Kvi‡YB wkÿK‡K KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì wkïi mvwe©K weKv‡k ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv

cvj‡b AšÍfz©³ Ki‡Zn‡e| KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì mwµq AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ wkÿK wb¤œwjwLZ KvR Ki‡Z

cv‡ib|

• AwffveK mfvq Dcw Z _vKvi Rb¨ KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì Avnevb|

• GjvKvq we ªgvb Abvb¨ Dbœqbg~jK my‡hvM myweav (wfUvwgb G K¨vcmyj LvIqv‡bv, K…wgbvkK Kvh©µg

BZ¨vw`) mg~n wkï‡ì Rb¨ mnRjf¨ Kivi Rb¨ mswkøó e¨w³ ev cÖwZôv‡bi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM vcb|

• cªvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvq wkïi wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbvq eëüZ wewfbœ DcKiY msMÖn I

•Zwi‡Z KwgDwbwUi m`m¨‡ì AskMÖn‡Yi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq c`‡ÿc MÖnY|

• wkÿK KwgDwbwUi cÖwZwbwa †hgb-BDwbqb cwil‡ì †Pqvig¨vb, †g¤vi, cÖavb wkÿK, I gwbUwis

Kg©KZ©v (UEO/AUEO)-Gi mv‡_ cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv msµvšÍ wel‡q AvbyôvwbK ev

AbvbyôvwbKfv‡e gZ wewbgq Ki‡eb|

• cÖvK-cÖv_wgK K¬v‡mi wbivcËv I Abvb¨ mgvav‡bi Rb¨ wkÿK KwgDwbwUi mnvqZv PvB‡Z cv‡ib|


g~j¨vqb

g~j¨vq‡bi D‡Ïk¨

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi jÿ¨ n‡jv-Dchy³ cwi‡ek m„wói gva¨‡g 5+ eqmx wkï‡ì mvwe©K weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv

Ges cÖv_wgK wkÿvq ¯Ztù~Z© Awf‡lK NUv‡bv| GB jÿ¨ Ges mywbw ©ó wKQz D‡Ïk¨‡K mvg‡b †i‡L, GK eQi

†gqvw` cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi AvIZvq 8wU wkLb †ÿÎ, 30wU AR©b Dc‡hvMx †hvM¨Zv Ges KZ¸‡jv

wkLbdj wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Avi G¸‡jv ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ i‡q‡Q-cwiKwíZ KvR, wkLb †kLv‡bv †K․kj

Ges wkLb †kLv‡bv mvgMÖx Dbœq‡bi w`K wb‡ ©kbv|

Avgiv Rvwb, †h‡Kvb Kv‡Ri mdjZv ev ye©jZv hvPvB Kivi Rb¨ g~j¨vqb GKwU Awe‡Q`¨ Ask| cÖvK-

cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡gi wkÿv_x©iv GB cwiKwíZ wkLb †kLv‡bv c×wZ I †K․kj cwiPvjbvq KvwLZ

wkLbdj AR©‡b KZzUzKz mnvqZv cv‡Q g~jZ: †mwU hvPvB n‡jv cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv Kvh©µ‡g wkïi g~j¨vq‡bi

g~j D‡Ïk¨|

wkÿv_x©i wkLb AMÖMwZi cwigvc ev g~j¨vqbB e‡j †`‡e cvV cwiKíbvi wkLb †kLv‡bv c×wZ I †K․kj

KZUzKz h_vh_| myZivs wkÿv_x©, wba©vwiZ wkLbdj AR©b K‡i‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB Ki‡j GKw`‡K †hgb

wkÿv_x©i AMÖMwZ / mej w`K hvPvB nq Avevi Gi gva¨‡g Zvi wkLb NvUwZ m¤ú‡K©I GKwU aviYv cvIqv

hvq| hv c~i‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxq eë¯v MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g KvwLZ wkLbdj AR©b Kiv‡bv mnR nq| cvkvcvwk cvV

cwiKíbv, wkLb †kLv‡bv c×wZ I †K․kj AviI Kvh©Ki Kivi my‡hvM cvIqv hvq|

Gfv‡e cÖwZwbqZ wkÿv_x©‡ì wkLb AMÖMwZ hvPvB‡qi gva¨‡g Zv‡ì wkLb cÖwµqv‡K Z¡ivwšZ K‡i mvwe©K

weKvk‡K mnvqZv KivB cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j¨vq‡bi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨|

myZivs G ‧‡i wkï‡ì g~j¨vqb Kivi D‡Ïk¨ n‡jv-

• wba©vwiZ wkLbdj AR©b Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q wKbv Zv hvPvB K‡i cÖwZwU wkïi wkLb Ae¯v Rvbv Ges

• †m Abyhvqx Zv‡ì DË‡ivËi Dbœq‡bi j‡ÿ¨ cÖ‡qvRbxq mnvqZv cÖ`vb Kiv hv Zv‡ì mvwe©K weKvk‡K

mnvqZv K‡i|

D‡jøL¨ †h, GB g~j¨vqb wkÿv_x© Kx Kx cv‡i bv Zv †ei Kiv bq, eis Zvi wkLb I weKvk‡K mnvqZv Kivi

Rb¨ g~j¨vqb|

g~j¨vq‡bi †ÿÎ

cÖvZ-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j¨vq‡bi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ †h‡nZz wkï‡ì mvwe©K weKv‡k mnvqZv Kiv †m‡nZz, g~j¨vqb ïay

cov‡jLv msµvšÍ wel‡q mxgve× _vK‡e bv, Gi cvkvcvwk Zvi kvixwiK e„w×, gvbwmK I Av‡e‡Mi weKvk,

mvgvwRKZv I Ab¨vb¨‡ì mv‡_ wg‡jwg‡k KvR Kiv, m„RbkxjZv Gme cÖwZwU †ÿÎ‡KB ¸iæZ¡ w`‡Z n‡e|

GKwU wkïi cwic~Y© weKv‡ki Rb¨ †QvU‡ejv †_‡KB GB †ÿÎ¸‡jv‡Z Zvi Ae¨vnZ AMÖMwZ cÖ‡qvRb| ZvB

wkïi g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e wkÿvµ‡g D‡jøwLZ AvUwU wkLb‡ÿÎ Amgvß! G¸‡jv n‡jv-

1. kvixwiK I PjbÿgZv

2. mvgvwRK I Av‡ewMKweKvk

3. †hvMv‡hvM I fvlvi weKvk

wkÿK mnvwqKv 198

4. cÖviw¤¢K MwYZ

5. m„RbkxjZv I bv›`wbKZvi weKvk

6. weÁvb I cÖhyw³

7. ¯v¯ I wbivcËv Ges

8. cwi‡ek

g~j¨vq‡bi •ewkó¨

cÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿvi g~j¨vq‡bi D‡Ïk¨‡K mdj Ki‡Z GB Í‡i †Kvb AvbyôvwbK g~j¨vqb n‡e bv| A_©vr

g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ GKwU wbw ©ó w`b _vK‡e bv †hw`b wkïiv wbw ©ó KvR K‡i †`Lv‡e ev ïay g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨

wkï‡ì‡K †Kvb KvR Avjv`vfv‡e K‡i †`Lv‡Z n‡e| eis wkïiv hLb cÖwZw`b †kÖwYK‡ÿ I †kÖwY‡ÿi evB‡i

wewfbœ ai‡Yi Kg©Kv‡Û AskMÖnY Ki‡e ( †hgb-Mvb, Qov, †Ljv, Awfbq, nv‡Zi KvR, Qwe AuvKv, eB cov

BZ¨vw`) ZLb wkÿK Zv‡ì ch©‡eÿY Ki‡eb| wkÿK Zvi avivevwnK ch©‡eÿ‡Yi wfwË‡Z g~j¨vqb QK

eënvi Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î g~j¨vqb n‡e cy‡ivcywi AbvbyôvwbK Ges Zv avivevwnKfv‡e cwiPvwjZ n‡e|

MvVwbK g~j¨vq‡bi gva¨‡g (Formative Assessment) AbvbyôvwbKfv‡e cvV PjvKvjxb mgq ev cvV †k‡l

mswkøó wkLbdj wkïiv AR©b K‡i‡Q wK bv Zv hvPvB K‡i h_vh_ djveZ©b cÖ`vb Kivi gva¨‡g wkï‡ì wkLb

wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e| cªvK-cÖv_wgK ‧‡i g~j¨vq‡bi GwUB me©v‡cÿv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq|

†h‡nZz cÖwZwU wkïB me¸‡jv †hvM¨Zv AR©b Ki‡e Ggb cÖZ¨vkv ivLv n‡q‡Q, †m‡nZz cÖwZwU wkï‡KB

GKKfv‡e () g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki g~j¨vqb Z‡_ï Avjv`v Avjv`vfv‡e †iKW© ivL‡Z n‡e|

g~j¨vqb †KŠkj

†h‡nZz cªvK-cÖv_wgK ¯‧‡i eøK wUwPs c×wZ‡Z wkLb- †kLv‡bv Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡e myZivs GKRb

wkÿK cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ‧‡ii cÖwZw`‡bi mKj Kg©KvÛ cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| wkÿK mvaviYfv‡eB cÖwZwU wkÿv_x©

m¤ú‡K© †gvUvgywU GKwU aviYv iv‡Lb| wewfbœ `ÿZvi †ÿ‡ÎI wkÿv_x©‡ì Ae v m¤ú‡K© wZwbB me‡P‡q

fv‡jv Rv‡bb| cÖvK-cÖv_wgK ¯‧‡ii wkÿv_x©‡ì welqwU mnR I Kg Kómva¨ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

• AvUwU wkLb‡ÿ‡Îi Rb¨ †gvU 15wU wbw ©ó g~j¨vqb m~PK wb‡q g~j¨vqb QK Kiv n‡q‡Q| G¸‡jv

avivevwnKfv‡e mviv eQi a‡i g~j¨vqb K‡i nvwRiv eB‡q (Attendance Register) †`qv Q‡K cÖwZ

gv‡m †iKW© K‡i ivL‡Z n‡e|

• wKQz m~PK Av‡Q †h¸‡jv cÖwZgv‡m g~j¨vqb Kiv m¤¢e n‡e bv| †hgb-cov, †jLv, MvwYwZK `ÿZv

BZ¨vw`| GB ai‡Yi m~PK¸‡jv K¬v‡m Abykxjb n‡j Z‡eB g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z n‡e|

• cÖwZwU g~j¨vqb m~P‡Ki wecix‡Z wkÿv_x©‡ì g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e 3 †¯‥‡j|

K : fv‡jv

L : †gvUvgywU

M : DbœwZ cÖ‡qvRb


• wkÿv_x©i cÖwZw`‡bi Kv‡Ri wbweo Ôch©‡eÿYÕ K‡i gvwmK †¯‥j w`‡Z n‡e|

• cÖwZ Pvi gvm cici A_©vr eQ‡i wZbevi (GwcÖj gv‡m cÖ_gevi, AvM÷ gv‡m wØZxqevi Ges wW‡m¤i

gv‡m †klevi) †iKW©K…Z gvwmK †¯‥j we‡kølY K‡i cÖwZwU wkÿv_x©i AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© GKwU mvwe©K Ges

mswÿß gšÍe¨ g~j¨vqb Q‡Ki wbw ©ó ¯v‡b wVK wPý w`‡eb|

• eQi †k‡l wkÿv_x©i mviv eQ‡ii KvR Ges †iKW©K…Z gšÍ‡eï Av‡jv‡K ÔcÖvK-cÖv_wgK wkÿv mgvwß

cÖZ¨qbc‡ÎÕ wkïwUi D‡jøL‡hvM¨ GKwU mej I GKwU Dbœqb‡hvM¨ w`K (hw` _v‡K) Zz‡j ai‡eb| GB

¸YMZ gšÍe¨ wkïi weKvkMZ Ae vb m¤ú‡K© wcZvgvZv I cieZx© †kÖwYi wkÿK‡K eyS‡Z I †m

Abyhvqx mnvqZv w`‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡e|

g~j¨vqb Z_¨ we‡kølY I AwffveK‡K AewnZKiY

cÖwZwU wkïi AMÖMwZ wb‡q wkÿK gvwmK AwffveK mfvq Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| G‡ÿ‡Î Lye we ÍvwiZ eY©bvq bv

wM‡q ïay g~j Z_¨¸‡jv wcZvgvZv‡K AwenZ Ki‡eb| D`vniY¯iƒc, †Kvb Kv‡R †Kvb wkï cvi`kx© n‡j Zvi

cÖksmv Ki‡eb (†hgb, †KD nq‡Zv Lye fv‡jv Qwe Auv‡K ev PgrKvi Awfbq K‡i), AwffveK‡K evwo‡Z

wkï‡K H Kv‡R AviI Drmvn w`‡Z ej‡jb| Avevi †Kvb wkïi hw` AvPiwYK ev Ab¨vb¨ †Kvb mgm¨v _v‡K

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Ki‡eb Ges †m‡ÿ‡Î KiYxq Kx n‡Z cv‡i Zv Av‡jvPbv Ki‡eb| Z‡e †Kvb wkïi mgm¨v mK‡ji mvg‡b

Av‡jvPbv bv K‡i wbw ©ó wkïi wcZvgvZv‡K Avjv`v K‡i Rvbv‡Z n‡e Ges hZUv m¤¢e BwZevPKfv‡e mgm¨vwU

Zv‡ì mvg‡b Zz‡j ai‡Z n‡e| Gi gva¨‡g wgïi avivevwnK AMÖMwZ m¤ú‡K© wcZvgvZv m‡PZb _vK‡e Ges

wkÿK wb‡RI wkïi weKvk wbwðZKi‡b mwµq f~wgKv ivL‡eb|

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