5.water losses & summary
TRANSCRIPT
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COSTS OF WATER
RAW WATER COSTS PUMPING
PRETREATMENT
DEMINERALISATION BOILER CHEMICALS
HEAT
PUMPING OUT WASTE WATER
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SOURCES OF WATERLOSSES
BOILER
BLOW DOWN
SOOT BLOWING INCLUDINGDRAINAGE
SAMPLERS
PASSING DRAINS OR VENTS
ATOMISING STEAM FOR OIL BURNERS DRAINS FROM OIL HEATERS
DRAIN DURING START UP
BOILER EMPTYING OPERATIONS
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SOURCES OF WATERLOSSES
FEED SYSTEM
PUMP GLANDS
DRAIN VESSEL OVER FLOW/DRAINS
START UP-DRAINAGE VENTING
WATER TREATMENT PLANT
REGENERATION LOSSES
LEAKS IN PIPE LINES
PUMP GLANDS
DE SLUDGING
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SOOT BLOWING LOSSST LOW T = 4500 g
ST LOW BLOW = 4500*84 3600= 105 g
NT L O STT 25 g cm2 .& 3500 = 745 cal g
T LOSS WITST BLOW = 10
= 74025 cal
NU B O BLOW S = 56TOT L T LOSS OON BLOWING L = 74025*56
= 41,45,400 cal
W T LOSS O ON BLOWING L = 5.88 TON
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STEAM LOSS FROM TUBEPUNCTURES
DIA.OF HOLEIN
STEAM LEAK RATE K /HrAT
K / 1K /
1. 6. 13 6
. 13
6 1161 38 1
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61 31
3
6
89
1
INCREASED D.M.WATER MAKE UP %
LOSS DUE TO HIGH WATER MAKE UP
1% INCREASE IN MAKE UP WATER LEADS TO AN
ANNUAL LOSS OF Rs .83 LAKHS FOR A 1 MW UNIT
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EFFECT OF THERMAL
INSULATIONTEMP.DIFF.BETWEENSURFACE AMBIENT
C
HEAT LOSSK l/ /Hr
6
1 1 1
1 1
3
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Conditions usin Poor
Perfor n e of Boiler Non-Opti u Rehe t or Superhe t
ste te per tures.
Hi her th n desi n e ono izerexit s te per ture or furn eexit s te per ture used by
poor o bustion. Hi her th n desi n Re he ter or
Super he ter De-Superhe tin
spr y flows.
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Conditions usin Poor
Perfor n e of Boiler Fly sh Unburned C rbon or Loss
on I nition re ter th n % for
Bitu inous Co ls or re ter th n1% for Li nite.
Hi h Botto Ash Loss on I nition.
Non-Opti u utiliz tion ordistribution of pri ry ir,se ond ry ir nd over fire ir, if
ppli ble.
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Con t ons us n oorPerfor n e of Boiler
In re sed uxili ry horsepoweronsu ption by o l pulverizers nd
f ns
Redu tions in p ity f tors due toex essive furn e or onve tion p sssl in or foulin .
Ex essive boiler settin ir in-le k e.
Ex essive ir he ter le k e. In re sed y le losses with in re sed
sootblowin due to non-opti u
o bustion.
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Con t ons us n oorPerfor n e of Boiler
Ex essive pulverizer spill e onverti l spindle, roll nd r e ndb ll be rin type pulverizers.
Redu tions in p ity f tors dueto pulverizer or f n p ityli it tions.
Redu tions in p ity f tors dueto Superhe ter or Rehe ter tubeoverhe tin nd/or o l- shorrosion.
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Require ents For A hievinOpti u Conditions
Furn e exit ust be oxidizin ,prefer bly 3% ex ess O .
Mini l ir in-le k e between the
furn e exit nd e ono izer exit.
Pulverizer fineness of > %p ssin Mesh nd < .3%
re inin on Mesh. Se ond ry ( o bustion) ir
b l n ed to within % betweenburners
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Require ents For A hievinOpti u Conditions
Opti u windbox to furn edifferenti l, typi lly " w. . tfull lo d.
Opti u Pulverizer Pri ry Airto Fuel R tio. In ost ses, irto fuel r tio of 1.8 to 1 on roll
nd r e nd b ll be rin typepulverizers, nd 1. to 1 on
ttrition nd b ll tube
pulverizers.
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Require ents For A hievinOpti u Conditions
Fuel b l n ed between e hpulverizers fuel lines to within1 % devi tion fro the e n.
Pulverized o l line dirty irflowb l n ed between e h pulverizersfuel lines within %.
Pulverized o l line le n irvelo ities b l n ed to % of thee n.
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Require ents For A hievinOpti u Conditions
Co l line ini u velo ities of33 Fp .
Burner e h ni l toler n eswith " ( ir ul r burners),burner bu kets stroked ndsyn hronized to within
(t n enti lly fired).
Pri ry irflow etered ndontrolled to 3% ur y.