Satellites for 5G Colloquium

5G Terrestrial and Satellite

Barry Evans and Yogaratnam Rahulan

University of Surrey-5G Innovation Centre

2018 Ka band satellite conference –Niagara Falls –October 2018

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1.Introduction to 5G and Satellites

Vision of 5G is to create a new ecosystem that will assimilate everything and achieve full convergence of BB, Broadcast and mobile. –not just faster down loads in small cells!

Provide links to the VERTICALS – Media and entertainment, Automobiles, Energy, Health, Manufacturing etc.—its an ecosystem not just a mobile service.

Incorperate higher rates(eMBB) with small dense cells, IoT lower rates (mMTC), and reliable/secure services (uRLLC)—nb initially defining eMBB/uRLLC)

Provide lower latency for some services.—not 1mS for all!

Reduce energy by 90% from today.—perhaps the biggest challenge.

Provide rapid set up for new services.—this is slicing-see later2

What is 5G?

1.Introduction to 5G and Satellites

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5G Architecture

§ Separation of hardware and software

§ Software model-nodes- run as cloud networks

§ Orchestration sets up functions—SDN/NFV

§ Split of the Control (C) and Data (U) planes

§ Network slices that can be set up to address the user cases (verticals) at the cloud edge node.

1.Introduction to 5G and Satellites

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5G slicing

• Slices can be set up according to new service requirements.

• The RAT’s can integrate satellite and terrestrial delivery.

• Functions are stored in the cloud and called to produce the required set up.

• Networks can be satellite alone or mixed satellite plus terrestrial.

1.Introduction to 5G and Satellites

v June 2018 –3GPP Rel 15 standard fixed for initial roll out.

(Note satellite not part of this standard)

v First 5G complete demo’s by end of 2018.

v Commercial equipment available by end 2019

v First network roll out’s 2020

v Unlikely to be pervasive before 2025

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Timescales for 5G terrestrial:

1.Introduction to 5G and Satellites

Ø Work started in 3GPP on Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) 2018-due end 2019

Ø SA1-WI –Normalisation phase of satellite integration

SA2-SI—Satellites in 5G 5G system architecture

RAN1/2/3-SI-—Solutions for New Radio(NR) to support NTN

Ø Key that satellite industry supports these or they will be dropped.

Ø Early satellite Demo’s—EU project SaT5G and ESA project SATIS5 by end 2019.

Ø Satellite terminal manufacturers are incorperating 5G techniques and maybe available 2021

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Timescales for 5G satellite

3GPP 5G System Architecture

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NG-RAN Next Generation RANSMF Service Management FunctionUPF User Plane Function

23.501, 5G System ArchitectureFull non-roaming ref. pts

5GS 5G System5GC 5G Core networkAMF Access and mobility FunctionD-NG-RAN Distributed NG-RAN

NSSF Network Slice Selection FunctionAUSF Authentication Server FunctionUDM Unified Data ManagementPCF Policy Control FunctionAF Application Function

3GPP 5G Service Based Architecture (SBA)

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PCF Policy Control FunctionUDM User Data Management (c.f. HLR/HSS) (Subs, AuC, PCF data)AF Application Function

23.501, 5G System Architecture, SBA (Services Based Architecture)

NEF Network Exposure FunctionNRF Network Resource FunctionNSSF Network Slicing Selection Function

3GPP Roaming Architectures (#1 of 2)

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23.501, 5G System Architecture, Roaming

H- Home NodeV- Visited Node

3GPP Roaming Architectures (#2 of 2)

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23.501, 5G System Architecture, Roaming

H- Home NodeSEPP Security Edge Protection Proxy

(Secures boundary & hides topology)V- Visited Node

3GPP 5GS->EPS Interworking Architecture

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Secondary Node connected UPF cannot handover unless via a UPF that is connected to the PGWu, but can make/break, just not seamless handover

3GPP NG-RAN (SA 1 of 2)

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38.401, 5G, NG-RAN Architecture

- NG-C is NG-AP based towards AMF as (N2 inc. NAS over N1).- NG-U is GTP-U based towards UPF as (N3).

37.340, 5G, MR-DC-RAN Architecture

- Dual Connectivity (DC) would see either gNB as Master Node (MN)or Slave (SN) depending on Cell status w.r.t 5G-UE.

NG-DC configuration

3GPP NG-RAN (SA 2 of 2)

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37.340, 5G, MR-DC-RAN Architecture

- ng-eNB connects to 5GC as MN, with gNB as SN

37.340, 5G, MR-DC-RAN Architecture

- gNB connects to 5GC as MN, with ng-eNB as SN

NE-DC configuration NGEN-DC configuration

3GPP Distributed NG-RAN

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38.401, 5G, NG-RAN Architecture

- NG-C is NG-AP based towards AMF as (N2 inc. NAS over N1).- NG-U is GTP-U based towards UPF as (N3).

37.340, 5G, MR-DC-RAN Architecture

- Dual Connectivity (DC) would see either gNB as Master Node (MN)or Slave (SN) depending on Cell status w.r.t 5G-UE.

Simplified Architecture Detailed Architecture (logical gNB/en-gNB deployment)

5G End to End network Slicing

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eMBB Enhanced mobile broadband MIoT/MTC Massive Internet of Thing / Machine type communicationURLLC Ultra realisable low latency communicationCP Control planeUP User plane

5G End to End Network Slicing high level Architecture

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3. 5G Non Terrestrial Networks

Work on NTN is currently progressing within 3GPP in both SA and RAN groups.

NTN applies to satellites, HAPS and other aerial vehicles.

The rational is to start from the existing 5G terrestrial standards and only modify where necessary

SA is concerned with the Use Case scenarios and how satellite can be integrated into the 5G Core network for these.

RAN is concerned with the air interface and higher level protocols.

Note that the physical waveform adopted in 5G is NR-New Radio which uses a filtered –OFDM format

Work on Integration has started in the following; ETSI SES - "DTR/SES-00405 - TR 103 611: Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Seamless integration of satellite and/or HAPS (High Altitude Platform Station)

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Introduction:

3. 5G Non Terrestrial Networks

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q Direct access: satellite-capable UE has a direct access to the 5G network through a satellite link

q Indirect access or backhaul: UE accesses to (R)AN via 3GPP or non-3GPP access technologies. (R)AN is connected to the 5G core through a satellite link

Satellite positioning

ETSI 5G Satellite System Architecture Option 1: Direct access with Bent-Pipe Satellite

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ETSI 5G Satellite System Architecture Option 2: Indirect 3GPP access with Bent-Pipe Satellite

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ETSI 5G Satellite System Architecture Option 3: Indirect 3GPP-like access with Bent-Pipe Satellite

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ETSI 5G Satellite System Architecture Option 4: Backhaul with Bent-Pipe Satellite

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ETSI 5G Satellite System Architecture Option 5: Indirect non-3GPP access with Bent-Pipe Satellite

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5G and Satellites

The 3GPP Rel 15 standards have now been fixed—2018

Work has started on NTN Rel 16 standards involving satellites—finish end 2019

First demonstrations of integrated satellite/terrestrial systems due in 2019

Key that satellite industry engages in the 3GPP NTN Rel 16 standards process.

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Conclusions