5g integrations of services and technologies · end to end quality number of devices various...

5G Integrations of Services and Technologies

Yuichi Nakamura, PhD.

Vice President, R&D, NEC Corp.

2 © NEC Corporation 2019

History of NEC's Technology

Submarine Optical Cable

World 1st TV broadcast among US and Japan provided J.F. Kennedy assassination(1963)TV broadcasts of 18thOlympiad in Tokyo (1964)

Semiconductor

World top share(1985~1991)Terminated(2010)

“The Earth Simulator”, the world‘s fastest super computer(2002～2004)

NEC is one of top3.More than half Submarine cableson Pacific ocean

NEC discovered a unique graphite crystal(1991)

Super ComputerCarbon-nanotube

Satellite Communication

Biometrics

NEC's NeoFace® Facial Recognition Technology Ranks First in NIST Testing for 4th Consecutive Time (2017)

http://www.nec.com/en/global/solutions/safety/face_recognition/NeoFaceWatch.htmhttp://showa.mainichi.jp/news/1963/11/post-aa6e.htmll

SX-ACE(2014)

NEC in EU


NO1 Face Recognition : Success Story

▌South Wales Police UK (2017 final @Millennium Stadium)Real time face matching of image taken from camera-equipped police car

Camera

Deployed in foot ball game at national stadium: Helped orderly game by spotting “people need to watch”

From The Telegraph http://bit.ly/NeoFaceCase1

http://bit.ly/NeoFaceCase1


Social EnvironmentAnd Technology Outlook


Global Megatrends: Urban Life is Very Good!, but


Connected THINGS

53billion

Future Outlook – Connectivity

Number of IoT devices connected to the Internet (2020)

Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan

World Population

7.7billionWorld population outlook (2020)Source: 2014 Revision of World

Urbanization Prospects, UN

6

>>


Connected Change the World : Simple but Sophisticated Waste Collection Service

▌Spanish waste collection service ASCAN pioneered smart waste collection service in Santander, Spain

▌The solution enables the cleaning team to optimize collection intervals and routes, and lowers operation costs and CO2 emission

Sensors in the trash boxes collect and send real-time data.

The management center decides optimal routes and collection timing

Sensors at the trash boxes in the city of Santander, Spain

Collect sensor information via network

Optimize collection intervals

and routesTrash Boxes

Monitor

Sensor


Other Smart City Projects Enabled by IoT PF

City Mobility

Surveillance

Public safety

Mobile operation center

City PerformanceTraffic, air quality, noise

levels, crowd levels, etc. are provided.

Fire station

Hospital

Environment Agency

Police

Transport agency

CityMagnifier:KPI of a City

Crowd Density &BehaviourAnalysis

Utility agency

Police

Dpt

Fire

Dpt

Transport

Dpt

Inter-AgencyCollaboration

Smart Edge Processing:fusion of video and sensor information

Adv. MobilityMeasurement

EU FIESTA-IoT

EU FIESTA-IoT

NZSingapore

Singapore Singapore


IoT on Industory(Society 5.0 and Healthcare)

Mobile Health(M-Health)

cost saving and efficiency gain

applicable in the field

IoT/Fitness APPs: increase average Life Expectancy by 0.5 year worldwide

Society 5.0:

NEXT Industrial Revolution: massive Impact on Society Mass Customization, Direct Client-to-Factory, ... AI hardware and AI applications Security Hi efficiency network

Information

Product

Services

Product

Services

Product

Valu

e G

en

erati

on

(~1920s-1980s) (~1980s-2010s) (~2010s - 20??)


AI and ICT Platform

AI cannot create new social value without high efficiency ICT platform

Cyber world

AI（data science)

Real world

Analysis PrescriptionVisualization

ICT Platform

Security

NetworkingComputing

Broadening of connections

Source of value enhancement

Social valueBroadening of connections

People Physical things

Environment

EX: ICT can contribute transmit huge data, process huge data, or etc.


Social Value Creation and SDGs

NEC’s 7 Themes forSocial Value Creation

SDGsSustainable Development Goals

Sustainable Earth

Safer Cities & Public Services

Lifeline Infrastructure

Communication

IndustryEco-System

Work Style

Quality of Life

AI and ICT can support !


5G : From Roadmap to Integration


Customers Trends are Changed

What are CS/Customer Satisfaction and CX/Customer Experience

▌Customers were surprised with technical words.

▌Customers recognize new technologies via their satisfaction and experience

They have no interest in mechanism or technologies.

Amazing, Cool, Lovely, Sakusaku(Japanese),

Impressive technologies are good!

Up to AI, 100Mbps, LTE, super, hyper, and etc.

Technologies are going to complicated.

Some cases, they cannot feel them


Technologies Trends are also Changed.

In roadmap age, we can easy to present “Impressive”, but

Roadmap Integration• Silicon Process

(130nm,28nm,…,7nm)• Clock Speed

(100MHz, …,1GHz,…3GHz)• Speed of Optical Fiber

(1Gbps, 10Gbps…, 400G)• Speed of Wireless

(256Kbps,…, 150Mbps)

• Using AcceleratorGPGPU, FPGA,…

• Estimation of real performance• MIMO / Beam Forming

• Focusing resources to terminals• Machine Learning

• A good result is good!

Key Words : Integration all technologies for customer experiences


Computing : Integration of Heterogeneous Cores

Heat at Chips makes “Heterogeneous Domain Specific Computing”

Limit of Moor's low

http://www.gotw.ca/publications/concurrency-ddj.htm

Digital Accelerator(GPGPU, FPGA, Vector)

Quantumcomputing

BrainMorphic

Heterogynous Domain Specific Computing

Hot plate

Atomic ReactorRocket Nozzle

Deep LearningRecognitionStatistical Learning

Combinational OptimizationSecurity

Human likedecision


Operation

System

5G : From Radio Technologies to System Architecture

Technological development is important to improve a performance of an entire system and “customer experiences/CX or CS”.

Time

En

d to

En

d Q

uality

End to End QualityNumber of DevicesVarious applications

Hi SpeedAccess

4G

Paradigm Sift

Radio Radio

5G

5GMF White Paperhttps://5gmf.jp/wp/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/5GMF-White-Paper-v1_1-All.pdf


5G network

5G Works as Bridge among IoT devices

What is CX/CS on IoT systems by using 5G?-> communication between sensing and acutuation

Real world (IoT devices)

Cyber world – projecting real world in real-time

Analysis Control / GuidanceVisualize

Prediction / reasoning

Planning /Optimization

Recognize / understanding

human Things

Sensin

g

Actu

atio

n


5G TechnologiesWhat are different points from 3G/LTE


Ultra-fastHigh capacityMassive connectivityUltra low latencyLarge volume

DataVoice andDataDigital

Voice, SMSanalogvoice

5G

Mobile Network Evolution toward 5G

1980’s 1990’s 2000’s 2010’s 2020’s

4G3G

2G1G

Communication forhumans

E-mailPhotos

Text

Video

LTE throughput is enoughfor normal smartphone use Scaling of

Communication Speed

New Paradigm

Communication forhumans and machines

5G is network forCommunication

Human and Machine


5G Trend Mobile Access Evolution

Person-to-Person communication + IOT communication


Requirements for “2020 Network”

Source: ITU-R M.2083-0 (09/2015)

Hi-Speed

Massive connections Low latency

Data Rate 10Mbps100Mbps~

1Gbps

Number of Terminals 100 10000 10ms 1ms

Latency（Access）

4GIMT-A

5GIMT-2020

We cannot realize all max specification at the same time


Operation

System

Technology Trends for 5G (System)

Technological development is important to improve a performance of an entire system

Time

En

d to

En

d Q

uality

End to End QualityNumber of DevicesVarious applications

Hi SpeedAccess

4G

Paradigm Sift

Radio Radio

5G

Tech area Technology

Operation ・Automatic design・Failure analysis

System ・MEC・Network Slicing・SDN/NFV・IoT Service Enabler・C-RAN

Radio ・Massive MIMO・Multi-RAT/Multi-band

Coordination


5GNow

Technical case1 : Radio: Massive MIMO

▌High speed & Capacity

M-MIMO

Individual beam is allocated to each device to send multiple high resolution videos at the same time.

Single 4K Video Multiple 4K/8K Videos


Deployment Challenges of 5G Massive MIMO Radio Units

The installation location is restricteddue to the increased radio unit’s size

･RF chain generates a lot of heat･Large heat sink is required

Radio Unit

RF

RF

RF

RF

RF

RF

Heat

sin

k

heat

Heat

dis

sip

ati

on

Massive antenna

Circuit Heat dissipation mechanism

Radio Unit

Baseband Unit

Optical fiber →

Sub 6GHz band,more than 100 antenna elements

5G Base Station

Dig

ital

Part


New Concept: Heat Dissipation from Antenna

Conventional Radio Unit

Heat sink

heat

heat

Antenna cover

Heat dissipation

Antenna side

Antenna side cover open

New Radio Unit with Heat dissipation antenna

RF Chain

Antenna side

RF Chain

Heat sink

Antenna as a heat dissipation device

=> Downsizing of radio unit by reduction of heat sink length

Heat dissipation

from heat sink only


Heat Dissipation Antenna Array

▌The antenna element is configured as a 3-D form and used as a heat dissipation fin

▌Many metal plates with (Frequency-Selective Surface (FSS) structure are also added as heat dissipation fin on the reflector

AntennaElement

Heat dissipation FinFSS structure

32 elements（４×４×２pol.）

Reflector


5GNow

Technical case2 : System: Network Slicing

▌Service Diversity

With Network Slicing Each user/service use

dedicated network resource.

Sufficient network resource is allocated for each user/service by network slicing on virtualization base.

NO Network SlicingMultiple users/services share

network resource.


5G

Now

Technical case3 : System: Mobile Edge Computing

▌Low Latency

Data analysis at Central Cloud

Video

Data analysis at Network Edge (MEC)

Data analysis is performed at Network Edge (nearby data source) to realize low latency.

RAN BH CN Cloud

Analysis

Results of analysis

Analysis

Video

Results of analysis

RAN/MEC


5GNowPrioritized Control

Network resource allocation under unified service

No Priority ControlEqual network allocation under unified service

Technical case4 : System: IoT Service Enabler (ISE)

▌High Reliability

Best-effort connection even if lost child is found

Network Resource

More resources for urgent service

Necessary network resource can be secured by ISE when service priority is required by critical and urgent moments.

Found lost child!

Network Resource

Found lost child!


Technical case 5：Tampering detection of NW equipment

Ensure to keep clean status of mission critical systems (network equipment, devices, cloud) whole through during its operation

▌Tampering detection of equipment/devices by comparing initial status and operational status using TEE*.

▌Possible implementation to Actual network products

Application

OS

TEETamper

DetectionProgram

Initial status

NetworkEquipment

IoT Devices

TEE

TEE

TEE

TEETEE

*) TEE(Trusted Execution Environment)：an isolated secure hardware area to execute a program independently from the OS and applications.

Strength of NEC’s Technology: ①Small TEE implementation(4KB), ②High speed response(<10msec)

Operational status

Compare


5G Use Cases : Technical Case 2-4.


Requirements for “2020 Network”

Source: ITU(09/2015)

Hi-Speed

Massive connections Low latency

Data Rate 10Mbps100Mbps~

1Gbps

Number of Terminals 100 10000 10ms 1ms

Latency（Access）

4GIMT-A

5GIMT-2020


5G Use Cases： Overview

NEC HP For Telecom Operators:Accelerating DX with 5G:Use Cases https://www.nec.com/en/global/solutions/nsp/5g_vision/case.html?

▌NEC is collaborating with telecommunications carriers and companies to create new advanced services by the intelligent network that capitalize on 5G

Before（4G） After（5G）

①Security

guardsurveillance

Human check

Automatic analysis by camera

②Construction work

Field work Remote control work

③Medical examination

At hospital Home care

④Stadium

sports watching

Voice guidance

Visual support using AR

Hi-Speed

Massiveconnections

Low latency1

2

4

3

https://www.nec.com/en/global/solutions/nsp/5g_vision/case.html


5G Demo Video 1 ：Advanced Security Services

NEC HP：NEC, NTT DOCOMO, ALSOK, Field trial to achieve advanced security services ALSOC

https://www.nec.com/en/global/onlinetv/en/5gtrial2.html



5G Demo Video 1 ：Advanced security services

NEC HP：Trial to achieve advanced security services

leveraging 5Ghttps://www.nec.com/en/global/about/vision/case/20.html

This trial will verify the implementation of security for preventing crimes and accidents in combination with featuring image analysis and AI-based security, as well as the advantages of 5G.

Codec rate control

https://www.nec.com/en/global/about/vision/case/20.html


5G Demo Video 2 ：Remote-controlled Construction

NEC HP：NEC, KDDI, Obayashi conducts remote construction trial using 5G




5G Demo Video 2 ：Remote-controlled Construction

NEC HP：Remote construction trial leveraging 5G for ICT construction


This trial will undertake verification by combining 5G technology with an existing remote control system for construction machinery.

Synchronization of the delay ofmachine and video



5G Demo Video 3： Watching Sports via AR

NEC Watching Sports AR：

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3EZqhpfOMU

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R3EZqhpfOMU


5G Demo Video 3 ： Watching Sports via AR

It is possible to acquire competition information without changing your gaze while watching the game, while feeling the presence / intimateness of the venue

AR Device

・Player information・Rank・Time

NEC HP： 5G Watching Sports AR

https://wisdom.nec.com/ja/collaboration/2018103001/index.htmlLow latency broadcast

https://wisdom.nec.com/ja/collaboration/2018103001/index.html


5G Demo Video 4： Adaptive Network Control Technology by Mobile Edge Servers

▌NEC confirmed that its adaptive network control technology helps to improve the safety of automated driving in the experiment.

Developed based on NEC’s products

Core network Mobile edge servers CarsLTE


AI for Network Systems


NEC's AI-based network research technology

Research technology in a wide range of fields from wireless to applications（End to End）for customer’s C

Video

Sensors

Cars

RAN MECTransport

O&M

1)Intelligent DSP

3)AdaptiveNetworkControl

2) design automation 4) Secure 5G


AI for Network MEC＋RAN：Adaptive Network Control Technology

Radio resource priority control based on estimation of communication type and end time by machine learning

Understanding of blind site risk factors beforehand by sharing real-time peripheral information

After

93ms

Control

Avoiding danger was difficult due to latency in transmitting information

Before

MEC

Conventional method

Rate

of

su

ccessfu

l com

mu

nic

ati

on

(%

)

NEC

100

80

60

40

20

0

5times

260ms

Cloud Server100 Vehicles

100 Drivers

150ms

Degree of urgency

estimation

40ms 40ms97ms

Stop!

Stop!

Fluctuations in communication

delay

1.Communication prediction

2.Radio control

Satisfies communication requirements for vehicles

Adaptive Network Control Technology

200

100

10 20 300

300

400

0

Time [s]

Del

ay [

ms]

Deadline

200

100

010 20 300

Time [s]

Del

ay [

ms]

Deadline


AI for Network : Next Submarine Systems with Intelligent(AI) DSP

First successful compensation of nonlinear impairments with AI on Google submarine cable for 26Tbit/s capacity

▌DSP design = Define many parameters on DSP

▌Before : Design based on physics theory and formulation

▌After: Designed based on machine learning by real systems and simulation

Google Faster cable

DSP & AI

Compensation of nonlinear impairments using AI

Inputsignal

Output Signal

Accumulation of distortion over >10,000kmDistortion depends on the real cable

Signal distorted by fiber nonlinearity

Compensation of impairment enables higher capacity

Compensated signal


Conclusions

▌5G and Social Value Creation

Customer’s sense is changed. Technology trends is changed.

Roadmap style research cannot be adopted for IoT age.

▌5G = Integration of Various technologies

One point improvement cannot achieve

Diversity of technologies makes cool 5G

▌Use cases

Realize social value creations

▌Machine Learning can supportcool 5G systems

5g integrations of services and technologies · end to end quality number of devices various...

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