5g – emf assessment

5G – EMF AssessmentExposure Scenarios

Mike Wood - ChairmanInternational Electrotechnical Commission

Technical Committee 106

Poland Ministry of Digital Affairs and National Institute of Telecommunications

Electromagnetic field and the future of telecommunications.Research. Monitoring. Domestic and foreign experience

3-4 December 2019

Debbie Wills - PrincipalGovernance & Compliance Telstra Wireless

Presentation Overview

5G Timeline

IEC 5G Standards

5G EMF Exposures – test results

3G, 4G, 5G EMF Exposures

Discussion

2025Mass 5G Adoption

2019Commercial

Launch

2017-19First 5G

Standards Finalised

2016-195G Trials

2012R&D projects

(numerous)

5G Timeline

| Konstantino Psinas 2017

Fixed wireless access for homes and enhanced mobile broadband first applications using new 5G.

5G & IoT applications will be widespread by 2025.

5G is here now

4

Vision“IEC everywhere for a safer, more efficient world.”

IEC Masterplan

International Electrotechnical Commission: (est1906)

International Standards and Conformity Assessment for all electrical, electronic and related technologies

IEC Overview

Presenter

Presentation Notes

See previous comments

https://www.iec.ch/about/brochures/pdf/strategy/masterplan.pdf

• IEC Strategic Business Plan – 5G focus • Ensure Standards and Technical Reports are developed

- Trials & early deployments in 2018 – 2019, Commercial Launch 2019 - 2020

StandardsIEC TR36170 Technical Report 6-100GHz – July 2018IEC / IEEE 62704-5 Int Std (Calc) 6-100GHz – Dec 2020IEC / IEEE 63195-1 Int Std (Meas) 6-100GHz – Dec 2020

StandardsIEC 62232-2 Int Std 110MHz -100GHz – Aug 2017IEC 62669-2 Tech Report 6GHz -100GHz – April 2019IEC 62232-3 Int Std 110MHz - 300GHz –June 2020

5G Base Stations 5G Devices

IEC - Preparing for 5G

Presenter

Presentation Notes

See previous comments

5G Base Station Antenna

Field Measurements

Lab Measurements

Measurements of 5G in Australia using IEC 62232Locating beam and observing level variation

Modelling actual power due to beam steering

6

IEC Standards - 5G Base Station Testing

IEC Standards - 5G Device Testing

7

Waveguide probeDevice under test placed here

IT’IS EUmmW Poynting vector probe

Art-Fi mmWave guide probe development APREL mmWave probe development

5G at 3.5GHz – existing SAR test systems are used5G at mmWave - test laboratories initiated development of new 5G mmWave device test systems

https://www.itis.ethz.ch/customized-research/exp-eval/5g-safety-evaluation/

http://www.art-fi.eu/

http://www.aprel.com/5g-solutions

EMF tests included• 27 GHz mmWave trial 5G network

- indoor- outdoor

• 3.5GHz Commercial 5G Network

- cafes- homes- schools- apartments- sporting fields- shopping centres

Telstra, Ericsson, Narda, & TRS have conducted extensive EMF testing of 5G on the trial 27GHz mmWave network in 2018 and the new 3.5GHz commercial network in 2019 in Australia

5G Measurements – Using the IEC Standards

Southport Radio Tower27GHz mmWave 5G antenna

Ericsson Display in Kista Sweden3.5GHz 5G antenna

5G Antennas – 3.5GHz & 27GHz

5G Device

5G 27GHzIndoor Antenna

5G Device

5G eSportsDemonstration

5G EME measurements – mmWave trial

10

• Line of sight along the boresight beam

Indoor:single antenna array under program controlsingle constant boresight beam, single polarisation, 800 MHz, 42 dBmW (15.8 W) EIRP

Outdoor: base station antenna 2x2 MIMO, 400 MHz, 45 dBmW (31.5 W) EIRP,vehicle mounted user equipment (UE) antenna connected to base station to ‘attract’ the beam

Broadband probe (< 1m from antenna), spectrum analyser and horn antenna (≥ 1m)

TDD downlink/uplink ratio 23:1, high downlink (dummy) traffic generating 1-2 Gbps

Massive MIMO antenna

EMF measurements - mmWave 5G base stationTransmitter configuration

Presenter

Presentation Notes

Telstra spectrum LTE 700 (20 MHz) 1800 (10/15 MHz) 2600 (40MHz) IBC LTE 900 3G 850 (5/10 MHz) 2100

5G Device

5G 27GHzIndoor Antenna

5G Device

5G eSportsDemonstration

5G EME measurements – mmWave trial

12

Notes• Measurements scaled to 63 W total EIRP• Uncertainties: precise measurement location

with respect to boresight, field scattering, calibration.

Indoor Outdoor

5G EMF measurements along boresight beam

Presenter

Presentation Notes


Near (~0.45 m) Walkie Talkie

~0.3 m from 5G user equipment (UE)

• Measurements at different positions

ARPANSA / ICNIRP public limit

IBC IBC

4G inc laptopbaby monitor 5G levels inside

5G EMF Measurement Results – mmWave trial

5G

14

4G3G 4G4G 4G 4G

Highest exposure

Cumulative: 27MHz to 3GHz 1.34%

3G, 4G, Wi-Fi 0.025%

5G (near UE antenna) 0.032%

5G (general environment) 0.012%

Presenter

Presentation Notes


5G EMF Measurements – Gold Coast 2019


Insert pictures

5G EMF Measurements – Gold Coast 2019


5G Network configuration – Non Stand Alone

Ericsson NR6488Frequency = 3.5GHzBandwidth = 80MHzTransmit Power = 160Watts Time Domain Duplex Ratio TDD = 3:1Broadcast Beam Gain 17dBiTraffic Beam Gain = 24dBi

Note – Network currently operating 8 CSI RS in non beamforming mode

5G EMF Measurements – ProcedureChannel power measurement of 5G EME level at high NR utilisation


1. Identify the NR carrier centre frequency (e.g. 3.585 GHz)2. Identify the NR channel bandwidth (40, 60, 80 MHz)3. Configure the spectrum analyser to measure the full NR carrier – apply the settings in Table 14. Perform a speed test using a 5G UE to check NR activity and instrument setting.5. Adjust the spectrum analyser sensitivity to ensure the receive signal is a minimum of 10dB above the

noise floor6. Configure an iPerf session to run a continuous, downlink high bit rate UDP data stream (e.g. 1500

Mbps) from a network server to the 5G UE over the 5G network.7. If iPerf is not available, use a freely available, internet-based speed test application.8. Measure the channel power using the spectrum analyser – set the channel markers to either side of

the NR carrier9. Confirm that the contribution to measurement from UE is minimal.10.Run the measurement for a minimum of 1 minute to ensure the average is captured.Record the average received level. Example: The iPerf DL session is established between the network iPerf server and the 5G UE running an application such as ‘Magic iPerf.’ To initiate the iPerf DL session, the 5G UE IP address is obtained using an application running on the UE, such as ‘G-NetTrack Lite.’ A second UE (need not be 5G capable) running an application such as ‘Termius’, will be used to send a command line to the iPerf server, which will include the 5G UE’s IP address and a desired DL bit rate, to trigger a DL session. Before the command is sent to the iPerf server, the 5G UE is made ready for the session by launching the application ‘Magic iPerf.’

Draft under development at IEC

5G EMF Measurements – ProcedureChannel power measurement of 5G EME level under common user scenarios


1. Identify the NR carrier centre frequency (e.g. 3.585 GHz)2. Identify the NR channel bandwidth (40, 60, 80 MHz)3. Configure the spectrum analyser to measure the full NR carrier – apply the settings in Table 14. Perform a speed test using a 5G device to check NR activity and instrument setting.5. Adjust the spectrum analyser sensitivity to ensure the receive signal is a minimum of 10dB above the

noise floor.6. Common user scenarios: Speedtest, YouTube video (e.g. 4K HD), livestream TV, file download (e.g. 1

GB data file).7. Measure the channel power using the spectrum analyser – set the channel markers to either side of

the NR carrier8. Confirm that contribution to measurement from UE is minimal.9. Run measurements for a minimum of 6 minute – to ensure the average is captured over a number of

different usage scenarios.10.Record the average received level for each scenario.

Draft under development at IEC

5G EMF Measurements – Gold Coast Oct 2019


0

0.01

0.02

0.03

0.04

0.05

0.06

0.07

0.08

0.09

0.1

Miami Rugby club Musgrave Hill Labrador Hot Shot café Pacific Fair(fountain)

Pacific Fair (ThePatio)

0.107 0.099

0.029

0.064

0.00615 0.007540.015

0.033

0.044

0.011

0.022

0.003 0.00275 0.004250.00149 0.00082 0.0006 0.0004 0.00041 0.00007 0.00014

% IC

NIR

P RP

S3 G

ENER

AL P

UBL

IC L

IMIT

EMF exposure to 5G NR3500 (80MHz) Mobile BS- Gold Coast (October 2019)

iperf 1500 Mb/s iperf 200 Mb/s 1 x 4K Ultra HD YouTube video

5G Network configuration80MHz / 160Watts iPerf 1500 = near max pwriPerf 200 = 0.5 to 0.3 max pwr

1000 times below ICNIRP / ARPANSA safety limit

5G EMF Measurements – Main Beach


0

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.008

0.01

Hot Shot café

0.00615 0.006

0.003

0.0025

0.00041 0.00041

% IC

NIR

P RP

S3 G

ENER

AL P

UBL

IC L

IMIT

EMF exposure to 5G NR3500 (80MHz) Mobile BS- Gold Coast (October 2019)

iperf 1500 Mb/s (DL=800Mbps)

5 x speedtests

iperf 200 Mb/s (DL=200Mbps)

2 x speedtests

1 x 4K Ultra HD YouTube video

5 x 4K Ultra HD YouTube video


10,000 times below ICNIRP / ARPANSA Safety Limit



5 x 4K HD Videos streaming on 5G – short bursts of data enable high quality video on 5G

5G EMF Measurements – Gold Coast Oct 2019


5G Technology - uses radio frequency like existing mobile technologies and other radio services inc TV, FM, emergency and commercial services, microwave links & satellite

5G EMF testing standards - have been developed by the IEC / IEEE & ITU

5G EMF levels from base stations - are similar to 3G, 4G and Wi-Fi.

5G EMF levels were found to be well below the ICNIRP exposure limits - and in many cases over a thousand times lower.

5G & EMF – Conclusions & Observations

26

Thank you - Questions ?

5g – emf assessment

Documents