Marini  bt  Abdul  Ghafar  Chemical  Safety  Consultant  

Registered  Chemical  Health  Risk  Assessor    

NRG  –  SHE  Seminar,  HUKM  21  Dec  2014  

CHEMICAL  SAFETY  � Overview  of  Chemical  Safety  aspect  in  SHO’s  duty  

Safety  &  Health  Officer’s  role  

Safety  issues   Environment  issues   Health  issues  

Flammable     Splash  /  Injury   Pollution     Scheduled  

waste   Monitoring   Occ  disease  

LAW  COMPLIANCE  MANAGEMENT  

What  is  CHRA?  �  “Chemical  Health  Risk  Assessment”  � An  assessment  program  in  the  scope  of  employees’  health  due  to  chemical  exposure  

� A  standard  method  is  used  under  DOSH  Gudelines  

Assessment    The  assessment  is  divided  into  3  phases:    � Preliminary  Visit  and  Document  Review            

�  Exposure  report,  training  record,  chemical  SOP,  chemical  accident  record,  equipment  inspection  record  

�  Review  of  chemical  inventories  and  CSDS  � On  Site  Assessment    

�  Field  observation  of  the  work  areas  and  job  tasks  �  Employee  interviews    

� CHRA  Report  Making  � CHRA  Result  Presentation  

Report  presenta;on-­‐recommenda;on  

CHRA  awareness  and  implementa;on  according  to  industrial  sectors    

2000  •  Oil  and  gas  industries  •  Chemical  plants  

2005  •  Manufacturing  •  Agriculture,  Utilities  

2010  •  Hotels/Banks/Hospitals  •  Building  owners/Utility  industries  

2015  •  Education  centres  •  Public  services  

What  law  says  about  pes;cide  risk…  

Occupational Safety & Health Act 1994, USECHH Regulations 2000  “An  employer  shall  not  carry  out  any  work  which  may  expose  or  is  likely  to  expose  any  employee  to  any  chemical  hazardous  to  health  unless  he  has  made  a  written  statement  of  the  risks  created  by  the  chemical  to  the  health  of  the  employee”,    

What  law  says  about  pes;cide  risk…  Pesticide Act 1974  “28.  (2)  Whenever  an  accident  that  occasions  loss  of  human  life  or  personal  injury  is  suffered  by  an  employee  as  a  result  of  the  handling,  use,  or  presence  of  or  contact  with  or  exposure  to  a  pesticide  in  the  course  of  his  employment,  his  employer  shall  forthwith  send  or  cause  to  be  sent  to  the  Minister  notice  of  the  accident  and  of  the  loss  of  human  life  or  personal  injury.    (3)  Whenever  a  registered  medical  practitioner  finds  or  has  reason  to  believe  that  a  person  has  died  or  suffered  personal  injury  as  a  result  of  the  handling,  use,  or  presence  of  or  contact  with  or  exposure  to  a  pesticide,  the  registered  medical  practitioner  shall  forthwith  send  or  cause  to  be  sent  to  the  Minister  notice  of  the  death  or  personal  injury.”  

Why  do  CHRA?  � To  let  the  management  aware  of  current  condition  of  chemical  risk.  

� To  verify  the  status  of  the  current  practice  in  terms  of  suitability,  effectiveness  and  maintenance.    

� Enable  management  to  make  decisions  on  appropriate  :  �  Control  measures  �  Training  requirement  �  Exposure  monitoring  and  health  surveillance  

Underes;mated  percep;on  of  common  retail  products  

Maintenance  chemicals  •  Paints  •  Thinners  •  Antirust  aerosols  

Pesticide  chemicals  •  Plantation  spray  •  Pest  control  

Housekeeping  chemicals  •  Degreasers  •  Common  cleaning  products  

A  pes;cide  risk  assessment  addresses  ques;ons  such  as:  � What  type  of  health  problems  may  be  caused  by  exposure  to  pesticides?  

� What  is  the  chance  that  people  will  experience  health  problems  from  exposure?  

�  Is  there  an  exposure  level  below  which  any  risk  to  health  is  negligible?  

� What  pesticides  are  people  exposed  to,  at  what  levels  and  for  how  long?  

�  Are  some  people  more  likely  to  be  susceptible  to  harm  because  of  age,  genetics,  pre-­‐existing  health  conditions,  gender  or  other  factors?  

Pes;cide  chemicals  

Why  should  I  worry  about  pes;cides?  

1.   Classifica*on  by  Usage    

•  Insect  repellents-­‐pes;cides  used  to  destroy  insects.  Examples:  mala;on  poison  and  Dichloro-­‐diphenyl-­‐trichloroethane  (DDT)  

•  Weed  Killers-­‐  pes;cides  use  to  destry  weeds.  Examples:  paraquat,  gramaxone  and  round-­‐up  

•  Rat  poison-­‐  poison  to  kill  rats.  Examples:  ma;ku,  ;kumin.  

•  Other  pes;cides:  fungus  poison,  snail  poison,  worm  poison,  etc.  

Pes*cides:  Specific  Characteris*cs    

Class  1a  –  Very  highly  toxic  and  dangerous  Class  1b  –  High  level  of  toxicity  Class  2      –  Medium  level  of  toxicity  Class  3      –  Low  level  of  toxicity  Class  4      –  Very  low  level  of  toxicity  

2.  Classifica*on  By  Toxicity  (numbers  and  leBers)  

Pes*cides:  Specific  Characteris*cs    

Toxic

Harmful

Corrosive

Irritant

Class  1a      –  Black  Class  1b      –  Red  Class  2      –  Yellow  Class  3      –  Blue  Class  4      –  White  

2.  Classifica*on  By  Toxicity  (Colour)  

Pes*cides:  Specific  Characteris*cs    

 1.  Inges;on  

2.  Inhala;on  

3.  Skin  Absorp;on  

Pes*cides:  Modes  of  Exposure  

 •  General  symptoms  •  Skin  and  nails  •  Eyes  •  Mouth,  stomach  and  colon  •  Respiratory  system  •  Central  nervous  system…    

Symptoms  Of  Poisoning-­‐Short  term  effects  

Pes*cides:  Health  Effects    

 •  Allergies  to  skin  and  nails  •  Cancer  •  Impotency  

Symptoms  Of  Poisoning-­‐Long  term  effects  

Pes*cides:  Health  Effects    

• Before  using  pes;cides  

• While  using  pes;cides  

• A^er  using  pes;cides  

Pes*cides:  Control  Measures  

•     Suitable  PPE  •     Read  and  follow  instruc;ons  on  label  •     Mix  the  pes;cide  as  recommended  •     Use  a  sprayer  suitable  to  the  pes;cide  being  used  •     PPE  and  spraying  equipment  in  good  condi;on  

Before  Using  Pes;cides  Pes*cides:  Control  Measures  

•     Refrain  from  smoking,  ea;ng  and  drinking    

•     Do  not  spray  against  the  wind    

•     Ensure  to  warn  passers-­‐by    

•     Refrain  from  blowing  the  sprayer  if  there            is  a  blockage  

While  Using  Pes;cides  

Pes*cides:  Control  Measures  

•     Equipment,  clothing  and  PPE  used  should  be  properly  cleaned  and  stored  in  good  condi;on    

•     Shower  using  ample  water  and  soap  immediately  a^er  use    

•     Record  the  usage  in  the  specified  log  book    

•     Equipment  used  must  be  stored  or  disposed  in  the  proper            places    

•     Know  the  first  aid  measures  and  procedures  

A^er  Using  Pes;cides  

Pes*cides:  Control  Measures  

HAZARD  MANAGEMENT  

CHEMICAL REGISTER It  is  a  duty  of  SHO  to  ensure  :  

�   availability  of  updated  chemical  register  �  Correct  format  used  by  users  �  Accurate  information  

Example  :  daftar  kimia  

   

   

 

CHEMICAL TRAINING

It  is  a  duty  of  SHO  to  ensure  :  �   Chemical  handlers  being  trained  on  chemicals  every  2  years  

�  Train  on  how  to  handle  chemical  safely  from  purchasing,  receiving,  storage,  usage  until  disposal  

�  Train  on  chemical  spill  and  potential  emergency  

�  Selection,  issuance,  correct  use,  care,  maintenance  CHEMICAL PPE

How  to  know  how  much  it  affects  me?    Re

qyuiremen

t  of  

mon

itoring   How  to  measure    the  chemical  exposed?  

How  to  measure  the  chemicals  absorbed?  

How  to  measure  the  chemical  effects?  

Get  the  status  of  current  prac;ce  

Chemical  exposure  monitoring  

Biological  monitoring  

Medical  surveillance  

For  further  information:    

MARINI  BT  ABDUL  GHAFAR  Email  :  marini_ghafar@yahoo.co.uk