5b session 1b - putrajaya termizi
TRANSCRIPT
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SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTUREPLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT
IN PUTRAJAYA
by
Azizi Ahmad TermiziSenior Deputy Director (City Planning)
Putrajaya Corporation2ndAsia-Pacific Mayors Forum
On Environmentally Sustainable Urban InfrastructureUlsan Metropolitan City, Korea
27 - 29 October 2009
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The Vision for Putrajaya
PUTRAJAYA:
Malaysias new Federal GovernmentAdministrative Centre
City in a Garden
Intelligent City
..a city thatcharacterizes the spirit of
Malaysia in its fullestsense in the 21st
centurya city tosymbolize the nationsaspirations
(Tun Dr. Mahathir MohamedMalaysias Fourth Prime Minister)
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To relieve the pressure on Kuala Lumpurs over-stretchedinfrastructure
Scarcity of Government land in Kuala Lumpur to cater forGovernment office expansion
Well-planned administrative centre with modern facilities andtechnology to enhance the government efficiency and productivity
RATIONALE FOR THE CREATION OFNEW ADMISTRATIVE CENTRE
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LOCATION OF PUTRAJAYA
25 KM
20 KM
KLCC
KLIA
PUTRAJAYA
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BASIC FACTS AND FIGURES
Area : 4,931 Planned Population : 320,000
Daytime Population : 500,000
Government : 3.8 million sq.m
Commercial : 3.4 m
Housing Units : 67,000 units(55% Government)
(32% Public)
(13% AffordableHomes)
Roads (major) : 94.87km Rail line : 18.87km
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CURRENT STATUS OF DEVELOPMENT
Resident Population : 70,000 population
Govt. Office Workers : 40,939 workers
Government Office : 2.2 million sq.m. (completed)0.5 million sq.m. (under construction)
Commercial Space : 383,000 sq.m. (completed)260,000 sq.m. (under construction)
Residential Units : 16,624 units (completed)10,717 units (under construction)
The Prime Ministers Office:the first building to beconstructed
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PLANNING CONCEPT
GARDEN CITY CONCEPT
BUILD WITH NATURE
CONCEPT
ELEVATED
LINEAR CITY
CONCEPT
SUB-URBAN
CONCEPT
CRESCENT
CONCEPT
Development basedon the Garden CityConcept
Underlying themeand emphasis is onsustainabledevelopment
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THE PUTRAJAYA MASTER PLAN
Main features of the Putrajaya
Master Plan
Large proportion of the city areadesignated as green open space
Man-made lake and wetlandscreated to bring in nature
38km of the waterfront
City divided into 20 precincts; withmain employment and commercialprecincts located on the Core Island
Residential areas in the peripheralprecincts
A 4.2km long Boulevard forms thecentral spine of the city
LAND USE %
GOVERNMENT USE 4.57
RESIDENTIAL 14.42
KOMERSIAL 2.83
MIXED USE 0.83
SPECIAL USE 2.80
SERVICE INDUSTRY 0.23
PUBLIC AMENITIES 6.98
PARKS & O PEN SPACE 3 9.15
INFRAS & UTILITIES 9.79
ROAD 18.40
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TWO SUSTAINABLE INFRASTRUCTURE
1. PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
2. PUTRAJAYA WETLANDS
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PUTRAJAYA PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM
1. Environment free from trafficcongestion and pollutionemissions
2. 70% of travelling in Core Area isby public transport (70:30 modal)
3. Give emphasis to public transport
usage with the development ofPark and Ride facilities
Objectives of Putrajaya
Transportation Master Plan
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1. Urban rail system as the backbone for the publictransport infrastructure
2. Provision of bus services as support/feederservice to rail stations/transport terminals
3. Development of 7 Park and Ride facilities
4. Exercise strict control over the total number ofparking spaces
TRANSPORT STRATEGIESPutrajaya Transport Action Plan (PTAP)
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Future monorail
RAIL-BASED TRANSPORT SYSTEM
1. Minimum emission of greenhousegases and other pollutants
2. Reduce dependency on non-renewable energy
3. Higher transport efficiency
4. Less traffic noise
Backbone for urban transport:
why electric powered rail transitsystem?
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Rail Transit System
Total length = 20.0 km
Line 1 = 13.2 km
Line 2 = 6.8 km
Total No. of Stations = 26
Completed Tunnel = 7.4 km
Stations strategically located toserve users
RAIL-BASEDTRANSPORT SYSTEM
Project deferred in
2004
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Park & Ride facility in Precinct 7,
completed in 2008 (partially utilized)
Monorail crossing bridge completed in 2004(not utilized)
RAIL SYSTEM-RELATED FACILITIES ALREADY COMPLETED
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Public highlydependent on private
vehicles(85% of traveling)
Traffic congestion
during peak hours
The delay in rail transitsystem development
has resulted in:
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Demand for parking space far outstrips supply atGovernment office complexes
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Bus Fleet Expansion
Current number of buses (2009) = 70
Number of buses by year 2010 = 170
Number of buses by year 2012 = 270
Local bus service run by Putrajaya Corporation
All buses are environmentally-friendly NGVs
CITY BUS SYSTEM
NGV buses:Clean air, less contamination of lake and rivers, less noise
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JUMLAH PENUMPANG 2005 HINGGA 2008
Year No. of Passengers
Adult Children Pass Total
2005 935,705 85,342 0 1,021,047
2006 871,608 27,905 0 899,513
2007 1,788,285 58,913 0 1,847,198
2008 2,356,022 133,586 55,494 2,545,102
TOTAL BUS RIDERSHIP
Note: The total ridership for 2009 is targeted to reach 3 million
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FURTHER IMPROVEMENTS TOTHE BUS SERVICES
Purchase of more buses
The use of fleet management system (FMS)
Electronic ticketing and payment system
Development of bus lanes
Development of more bus stop shelters
Use of Automatic Vehicle Locator System(AVLS)
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PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES
1. The bus system has been a savior to the public transport servicein Putrajaya whilst waiting for the urban rail system to beimplemented
2. With further improvement efforts to the bus system, it can onlycontribute positively towards fulfilling the promise of an
environment-friendly public transport infrastructure
3. But the future lies with urban rail system if public transport is toefficiently serve Putrajayas targeted population of 320,000 andcommuters and visitors to the city
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600 hectares man-made lake
Create unique urban image and characterfor Putrajaya
Nature in the urban fabric
Quality and prime waterfront development
Recreation, sports and tourismopportunities
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PUTRAJAYA LAKE AND WETLANDS SYSTEM
The Putrajaya Lake
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PUTRAJAYA LAKE AND WETLANDS SYSTEM
So how do you maintain the
lake water quality?
Build an artificialwetland!
The kidney for the lake
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Largest man-made wetlands in
the tropics: 200 hectares
Sustainable city-related objectives:
As a filtering mechanism to cleanse the
rivers water which feed the lake
To bring nature into the city
To provide for flood detention
To enhance the landscape andrecreational opportunities
The Putrajaya Wetlands
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WETLAND COMPONENTS AND ITS FUNCTIONS
Wetland Components Function
Sediment Forebays trap sediment from water flowing into the wetlands
Fringing vegetation(Littoral vegetation)
diversifies the habitat along the shoreline for invertebrates,waterfowl and other fauna
slows down overland water flows, promotes sedimentation andcleanses the waterl
inks the macrophyte and open water zones of the cells to theswamp forest zone
Islands separate out water flows and lengthen flow paths for betterwater cleansing
provide isolated habitat for birds
provide buffering for cells from the surrounding land andimprove water quality removing sediment and nutrients
provide fauna a refuge from developed areas
Wetland Cells traps sediments, filtration of pollutants and nutrients
creates a diverse range of habitats
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NITROGENGAS
PLANTUPTAKE
PHOSPHORUS
METALS
SEDIMENTATION &PRECIPITATION
UPTAKE/ RELEASE BY
MICROBES
UPTAKE BY PLANTS ANDMICROBES
SEDIMENTATION
ABSORPTION TO ORGANICMATERIALS
NUTRIENTS,SEDIMENTMETALS
TOXICANTS
MARSH
WETLANDSCELL
NITROGENGAS
PLANT UPTAKE
PHOSPHORUS
METALS
SEDIMENTATION &PRECIPITATION
UPTAKE/ RELEASE BY
MICROBES
UPTAKE BY PLANTS ANDMICROBES
FILTRATION
ABSORPTION TO ORGANIC
MATERIALS
NUTRIENTS, SEDIMENTMETALS TOXICANTS
MARSH
WETLANDCELLS
MARSH
PROCESSES IN THE WETLANDS CELLS
P t j W tl d C ll
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Putrajaya - Wetland Cells
The lower East Wetland consists
of two cells, and is the smallestwetland with an area of 14.3hectares
The Central Wetlands is one large 50.9 hectare cell,where water form the four wetlands (Upper Bisaexcluded) is collected before being discharged into
the lake
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Cost-effective treatment of non-point-source of pollution
Enhancement of wildlifehabitats, biodiversityrevitalization
Lower operation andmaintenance costs relative toconventional water treatmentplants
Clean/healthy water for
irrigation purposes
BENEFITS OF CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS
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Reduction of flood hazards anderosion
Opportunities for enhancement ofrecreation amenities and tourism
Opportunities for academicresearch and public education
BENEFITS OF CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS
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Putrajaya Wetlands: Habitat of diversified Flora and Fauna
Kinta Weed Vanda
hookeriana
Urban Ecology : Nature in the urban fabric
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Putrajaya Lake and WetlandsPutrajaya Wetlands: Habitat of diversified Flora and Fauna
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AVIFAUNA (June 2009)
35 Families
77 Species
Bird Categories
Terrestrial Bird
Water Bird
Raptor
Migratory Bird
TERRESTRIAL FAUNA(survey conducted twice a year)
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Putrajaya Wetlands is a home for storks
This is a good sign that
Putrajaya is capable ofrecreating a natural habitat forthese birds says Cheong WengChun, a licensed nature guide & birdwatching enthusiast
The Star,August 18th, 2009
Benefit of wetlands optimum use the
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AN ASSET FOR WATER SPORTS, RECREATION & TOURISM
Benefit of wetlands optimum use thePutrajaya Lake
International F1Powerboat
Internationalwater ski competition
International dragon boat competition
Sailing Regatta
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LAKE ACTIVITIES & ATTRACTIONS
AN ASSET FOR WATER SPORTS, RECREATION & TOURISM
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Biggest challenge:catchment management and control
About 30% of the upstream areas of thePutrajaya Lake Catchment lies outsidePutrajaya in the State of Selangor,where the level of enforcement is not as
integrated and focused as withinPutrajayas boundary
Need to enhance enforcement andmonitoring within this part of thecatchment
A study was started in 2008 to identifynew institutional and legislativearrangements with neighbouring StateGovernment of Selangor
PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES
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CONCLUDING REMARKS
1. Putrajaya was planned right from the
beginning to be a sustainable urbancentre based on the `city in the gardenconcept
2. An environment-friendly public transportinfrastructure ( with rail transit systemas the backbone) is central to thisobjective
3. The deferring of urban rail transportdevelopment has delayed theachievement of this objective.Fortunately, the role of the city bus
system has brought a positivecontribution
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CONCLUDING REMARKS
4. The innovative use of wetlands as a
means for keeping the Putrajaya lakewater clean and up to the standard hasproven to be a great success
5. Further improvements are necessary(and is underway) to strengthen theinstitutional arrangement and legislativeframework for a more effectivemanagement of the lake catchments
6. Through these two efforts and othersimilar sustainable infrastructuresinitiatives, it is hoped that Putrajaya will
successfully develop into a sustainablecity, offering quality urban livingenvironment for its citizens
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www.ppj.gov.my
Kamsa hamnidaThank you
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Additional Slides
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Re-delineation of a contiguous Putrajaya Lake Catchment
boundary, encompassing the areas in Putrajaya and state ofSelangor.
Gazettement of a comprehensive Special Area Plan (SAP).The SAP will focus on improvement and conservation of theidentified Putrajaya Lake Catchment area in state ofSelangor.
The monitoring requirement and regulatory control of thewater bodies and the catchment area, including mitigationmeasures shall be included in the SAP.
Selangor Water Management Board (LUAS) shall continueto pursue consultations with relevant stakeholder on the
possibility of gazetting a protected area SAP.
Proposed Legislative Arrangement
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3. Joint Management Authority (JMA)
JMA is a legal solution - requires a fixed legislation, anda complex arrangement & most likely difficult toimplement. It will take a long time to take effect, fromdrafting to gazettement
JMAs focus is on regulating the implementation of thelegislative provisions of each Party
Proposed Institutional Arrangement