58783176 the variety of resources on earth

8/2/2019 58783176 the Variety of Resources on Earth

1/24

THE VARIETY

OFRESOURCES

ON EARTH


2/24

THE VARIOUS RESOURCESON EARTH Water

needed by plants (photosynthesis,carry dissolved water), animals and

human beings (transport digestedfood, oxygen,body temperature,

excretion).

- Covers nearly 70% of earth surface- 60% - 95% of the body weight of living

organisms consists of water


3/24

Air

- Contains nitrogen, oxygen, carbondioxide, inert gases, water vapour.

- E.g : oxygen -> respiration, combustion

carbon dioxide -> fire fighting, dryice, carbonate drinks, photosynthesis


4/24

Soil

- Habitat for many plants and animals- Consists mixture of sand particles, humus,

minerals, water, air, microorganisms.

- Humus -> organic substance fromdecaying plants and animals.


5/24

Minerals

- Various kinds of metals are found and

made into useful products.- E.g : copper -> good conductor of heat and

electricity.

- Mercury -> used to coat mirrors,thermometer.

Iron -> coated with tin used to make foodcontainers.


6/24

Fossil fuel

- Fuel formed below the surface fromremains of living things that died

millions of years ago.- E.g : natural gas, petroleum, coal

- Products process from fossil fuels ->

plastic, ammonia, sulphur, wax


7/24

Living things

- Plants and animals are importanceand used to produce food, clothes,

building materials, fuels.


8/24

ELEMENTS, COMPOUNDSAND MIXTURE ELEMENT- Pure substance that cannot be broken

down into two or more simpler

substances.- One type of particles only

- ATOM -> the smallest particles in anelement

- May be solid, liquid or gases.

- Classified into two groupsmetals

Non-

metals


9/24

METAL PHYSICAL

PROPERTIES

NON-METAL

Shiny surface APPEARANCE OF

THE SURFACE

Dull surface

Malleable MALLEABILITY(ABILITY TO BESHAPED)

Not malleable

Ductile (can bepulled into wire)

DUCTILITY Not ductile

High density DENSITY Low density

High melting point MELTING POINT Low melting point

Good conductor CONDUCTIVITY OFHEAT

Poor conductor

Good conductor CONDUCTIVITY OF

ELECTRICITY

Poor conductor

(except carbon andsilicone)


10/24

COMPOUND

- Formed when two or more elementscombine chemically through a chemicalreaction

- Molecule -> a group of two or more atoms

which are chemically combined.


11/24

MIXTURE

- Made up of two or more substances which

are physically joined together- May consists of elements, compounds or

a combination of both.

- May be solids, liquids or gases.


12/24

Separation of mixtures

Sieving (mengayak)

- For separating two insoluble solids ofdifferent sizes. (sand and paddy)


13/24

Using a magnet (tarikan magnet)

- A mixture of magnetic and non-magnetic substances (tiny nickels,

steel screws)


14/24

Evaporation (penyejatan)

- To recover dissolved solid in a solution(salt from brine)


15/24

Filtration (Penurasan)

- To separate a mixture of insoluble solids

and liquids ( sand and water)


16/24

Distillation (Penyulingan)

- To recover a pure liquid from a

solution

(petroleum fraction from crude oil)


17/24

Decanting

(Menuang)

Winnowing

(Mengangin)


18/24

COMPOUNDS DIFFERENCES MIXTURES

Through chemicalreaction

Formation or preparation Through physicalmethods

Heat is absorbed orreleased

Energy change No heat is absorbed orreleases

New substances areformed

Formation of newsubstances

No new substances areformed

The properties of acompound formed are

different from the originalelements

Properties ofcomponents

The properties ofcomponents remain the

same

The ratio of componentin compounds is fixed

Composition The ratio of componentsin a mixture is not fixed

Chemical process Separation methods Physical processes


19/24

IMPORTANCE OF EARTHS

RESOURCES Preservation

- The act of maintaining Earths

resources in their natural environment

- Balance of nature is not disturbed

Conservation

- The sustainable use and management

of resources

- Prevent wastage, loss and damage


20/24

Its necessary to prevent :

a) The destruction of the environment

b) The extinction of species

c) Natural disasters

d) Health problem

e) Loss of economic resources

f) Shortage of clean water

g) Damage to the balance of nature


21/24

Ways to preserve andconserve: Reduce usage of Earths natural

resources

Use product made from biodegradable

materials


22/24

Use less disposable

Use public transport


23/24

Reuse material

Stop using products that containharmful substances


24/24

Recycle waste materials

Monitor factories that pollute theenvironment

58783176 the variety of resources on earth

Documents