54483081 carbonyl compounds xi xii study materials
TRANSCRIPT
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 1/171
1<8
:5' LJQAKG_D LKMXKYGC\
JDCIE_CI\ JGC BISKGI\
H Ogsqkcylsokg
H \sqylsyqi jgc ldj||ofoljsokg
H Gkmigldjsyqi jgc o|kmiq|
H Nigiqjd misekc| kf xqixjqjsokg
H Xqkxiqsoi| - xe|oljd jgc leimoljd qidjsic sk |sqylsyqi
H Bgk~dicni kf Ljqajgokg jccosokg qijlsokg|'
H Dijqg jakys Lkgcig|jsokg qijlsokg|'
H Co|soglsokg ais~iig jdcieci| jgc biskgi|'
H Y|i|'
H Nigiqjd misekc| kf xqixjqjsokg kf jqkmjsol jdcieci| jgc jqkmjsol
biskgi|'
H Xqkxiqsoi| - Xe|oljd jgc Leimoljd - qidjsic sk |sqylsyqi'
H Co|soglsokg ais~iig jdoxejsol jdcieci jgc jqkmjsol jdcieci'
H Co|soglsokg ais~iig jdoxejsol biskgi| jgc jqkmjsol biskgi|'
H Y|i| kf jqkmjsol jdiceci| jgc biskgi|'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 2/171
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 3/171
1<1
Sei nigiqjd fkqmydj ljg ai
Q Q
L = K L = K
E Q.
^eig Q = Q. = E sejs qixqi|igs| fkqmjdcieci$ sei |omxdi|s mimaiq kf
seo| |iqoi|' Q jgc Q. ljg ai jdbd kq jqd'
Of Q o| jg jqjdbd nqkyx ~i ejvi jg jqjdbd jdcieci %i'n'$/ xeigd
jlisjdcieci
L6E9LE1L = K
E
:5': GKMIGLDJSYQI
Lkmmkg gjmi| kf jdcieci| jqi ciqovic fqkm sei lkmmkg gjmi| kf
ljqakudol jloc kq a jccogn sei |yffou —jdcieci” sk sei xqifou sejs ogcoljsi|
sei lejog dignse'
LE<LKKE LE
<LEK L
3E
?LEK
Jlisol jloc Jlisjdcieci Xigsjgjdieci
Og sei OYXJL ||sim$ sei xqifou ogcoljsogn sei dignse kf sei ljqakg
lejog o| fkddk~ic a sei |yffou jd og xdjli kf ―i‟'
LE<LE
1LE
1LEK
Aysjgi " jd = aysjgjd
\ogli sei jdcieci nqkyx o| jd~j| xqi|igs og sei igc os o| gks |ek~g a
jg gymaiq'
Lkmmkg gjmi fkq biskgi| o| jqqovic js a jccogn sei |yffou ――biskgi‟‟
sk sei gjmi kf jdbd nqkyx| xqi|igs
LE<LKLE
1LE
<
Ised mised biskgi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 4/171
1<<
J biskgi o| gjmic a jccogn sei |yffou ―kgi‟ og xdjli kf ―i‟ og sei gjmi
kf sei xjqigs ecqkljqakg'
LE<LE
1LKLE
1LE
<<-xigsjgkgi
Sei gymaiq kf ljqakg fkqmogn sei bisk nqkyx |ekydc ai migsokgic'
Fkq iujmxdi$ ised mised biskgi o| gjmic j| 1-aysjgkgi og sei OYXJL
gjmi'
Fkqmydj Lkmmkg gjmi OYXJL gjmi
ELEK Fkqmjdcieci Misejgjd
LE<LEK Jlisjdcieci Isejgjd
O|kaysqjdcieci 1-mised xqkxjgjd
LE1 = LE“LEK Jlqkdog kq jlqjdcieci 1-xqkxigjd
LE<
LE = LE LEK Lqkskgjdcieci 1-aysigjd
L6E9LEK Aigpjdcieci Xeigd misejgjd
L6E
9LE = LE“LEK Loggjmjdcieci <-xeigd-1-xqkxigjd
LE<LEKE “ LE1 LEK jdckd <-ecqku aysjgjd
LE<
tLE<
“LELEK
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 5/171
1<3
BISKGI\
Fkqmydj Lkmmkg gjmi OYXJL gjmi
LE<LKLE
<Jliskgi Xqkxjgkgi
LE<LKLE
1LE
<Ised mised biskgi 1-aysjgkgi
LE<LE
1LKLE
1LE
<Coised biskgi <-xigsjgkgi
LE< LKLE1LE1LE< mised$ g-xqkxd biskgi 1-xigsjgkgiK
ttLE
<“ LLE
1LE = LE
1Jddd mised biskgi 3-xigsigi-1-kgi
O\KMIQO\M
Jdcieci| iueoaos %o/ lejog o|kmiqo|m jgc %oo/ fyglsokgjd o|kmiqo|m'
Lejog O|kmiqo|m jqo|i| cyi sk lejgni| og ljqakg lejog'
%o/ LE<
“ LE1
“ LE1
“ LEK jgc LE<
aysjgjd tLE
<“ LE “ LEK
1-mised xqkxjgjd
%oo/ LE< LE1 LE1 LE1 LEK LE<Xigsjgjd t
E<L “ L “ LEK
tLE
<1$1-comised xqkxjgjd
Fyglsokgjd o|kmiqo|m 0
Jdcieci| jqi fyglsokgjd o|kmiq| kf biskgi| jgc yg|jsyqjsic jdlkekd|'
KLE
<LE
1LEK tt LE
1= LE “ LE
1KE
xqkxjgjdcieci LE<
“ L “ LE<
yg|jsyqjsic jdlkekd
jliskgi 1-xqkxig-:-kd
Biskgi| iueoaos lejog o|kmiqo|m jgc misjmiqo|m'Lejog o|kmiqo|m 0
K Ktt tt
LE<
LE1
LE1
L “ LE<
LE<
“ LE “ L “ LE<
t1-xigsjgkgi
LE<
<-mised-1-aysjgkgi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 6/171
1<9
Xk|osokgjd O|kmiqo|m 0
Sei ljqakgd nqkyx mj kllyx coffiqigs xk|osokg| og sei ljqakg lejog
sk novi Xk|osokgjd O|kmiq|'
K K
tt tt
LE<
“ LE1
“ L “ LE1
“ LE<
LE<
LE1
LE1
“ L “ LE<
<-xigsjgkgi 1-xigsjgkgi
:5'< NIGIQJD MISEKC\ KF XQIXJQJSOKG
:' %j/ Kuocjsokg kf jdlkekd| ~ose jloc coleqkmjsi 0Xqomjq jdlkekd| novi jdcieci|
\ilkgcjq jdlkekd| novi biskgi|'
B1Lq
1K
> +E"
LE<
“ LE “K LE<
LE = K " E1K
t t " jlisjdcieci
E E %K/
xqomjq jdlkekd
ised jdlkekd
%LE</1
L “ K " B1Lq
1K
> +E"
t t %LE</1
L = K " E1K
E E %K/ jliskgi
|ilkgcjq jdlkekd %o|kxqkxd jdlkekd/
%a/ Ljsjdsol kuocjsokg 0 A xj||ogn j mousyqi kf jdlkekd vjxkyq| jgc
joq kviq |odviq ljsjd|s js 918 B jdcieci kq biskgi o| fkqmic'
K1 +Jn
LE<
LE1
KE LE<LEK
918B jlisjdcieci
K1 +Jn
%LE</1
LEKE %LE</1
LK918B
jliskgi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 7/171
1<6
%l/ A sei ljsjdsol ciecqknigjsokg kf jdlkekd|' Sei vjxkyq| kf jdlkekd
jqi xj||ic kviq eijsic lkxxiq js 9>< B novi| jdcieci kq biskgi'
9>< BQLE “ K QLE = K " E
1
t tLy
jdcieci
E E
:k jdlkekd
9><BLE
<
“ LEKE LE<
“ LEK " E1t Ly jlisjdcieci
E
Ised jdlkekd
Q1
L “ K9>< B
t t Q1L = K " E
1
E ELy
biskgi
1k jdlkekd
LE<
9><B
LE<
L “ K L = K " E1
LE<
t tLy
LE<
E E
O|kxqkxd jdlkekd jliskgi
1' Cq Co|soddjsokg' A sei co|soddjsokg kf ljdloym |jds kf fjss jloc| ~ose
ljdloym fkqmjsi - jdcieci o| fkqmic'
LE<LKK KLKE
Lj " Lj
LE<LKK KLKE
Ljdloym jlisjsi Ljdloym fkqmjsi Jlisjdcieci
∆LE
<
t1 EL=K " 1LjLK<
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 8/171
1<>
A sei co|soddjsokg kf ljdloym |jds kf fjss jloc$ biskgi o| fkqmic'
LE<LKK∆
LE<
Lj t " LjLK<
LE<LKK
LE<
“ L = K
ljdloym jlisjsi jliskgi
<' Y|i kf jloc ledkqoci 0
%o/ Qk|igmygc Qicylsokg' Jloc ledkqoci| jqi qicylic sk jdcieci|
a ecqknig og xqi|igli kf xjddjcoym |y|xigcic og ajqoym |ydxejsi j|
ljsjd|s'
Q “ L = KXc
Q “ L = K " ELd
t t
Ld " E “ E Aj\K3
E
XcLE
<“ L = K " E
1LE
<“ L = K " ELd
tAj\K
3 t
Ld E
jlisd ledkqoci jlisjdcieci
J| fkqmd ledkqoci o| yg|sjadi js qkkm simxiqjsyqi$ fkqmjdcieci ljggks
ai xqixjqic a seo| misekc'
Seo| o| ljddic Qk|igmygc‟| qicylsokg' Aj\K3
o| y|ic j| j ljsjdsol
xko|kg$ sk |skx sei qicylsokg js sei |sjni kf jdcieci' Kseiq~o|i$ sei
jdcieci fkqmic ~odd ai fyqseiq qicylic sk xqomjq jdlkekd'
%oo/ Y|ogn Cojdbd ljcmoym' Biskgi| ljg ai xqixjqic a sei jlsokg kf
kqnjgkmisjddol qijnigs kg jloc ledkqoci|' %i'n'$/ Cojdbd ljcmoym o| sei
qijnigs kf lekoli'
Q “ L = K K = L “ Q 1Q “ L = K " LcLd1
t Lc t t
Ld Ld Q.
Q. Q.
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 9/171
1<5
3' A sei ecqkd|o| kf nim coejdoci|
%o/ J nim coejdoci o| j lkmxkygc og ~eole s~k ejdknig jskm| jqi
jssjleic sk sei |jmi ljqakg' Jdcieci| jqi xqixjqic a ecqkd|o| kf nim
coejdoci| og ~eole s~k ejdknig jskm| jqi jssjleic sk sei siqmogjd ljqakg
jskm y|ogn jdbjdo'
Ld KE“E1K
LE<“ LE " 1 GjKE LE
<LE LE
<LEK
Ld KE
isedocigi ledkqoci jlisjdcieci
%oo/ Biskgi| jqi xqixjqic a ecqkd|o| kf j nimcoejdoci| og ~eole s~k
ejdknig| jqi jssjleic sk gkg siqmogjd ljqakg jskm'
LE<
LdEKE
LE<
KE LE<
L " 1 GjKE L L = K
LE<
Ld LE<
KE LE<
1$1-coledkqk xqkxjgi jliskgi
9' A kpkgkd|o| 0
Kpkgi fkqm| jccosokg xqkcyls ~ose kdifog ljddic kpkgoci$ ~eole kg
qicylsovi ldijvjni novi| jdcieci kq biskgi'
K
Pg+ELdQLE = LEQ. " K< QLE LEQ. QLE " Q. LE
tt tt " E1K
K K K K
%Kpkgoci/ %Jdcieci/
K
Pg+ELdQ
1L = LQ.
1" K
<Q
1L LQ.
1Q
1L " Q.
1L " E
1K
tt ttK K
K K %biskgi/
%kpkgoci/
“E1K
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 10/171
1<?
Sey| of fkqmjdcieci o| kasjogic$ sejs ogcoljsi| seixqi|igli kf ckyadi
akgc js sei siqmogjd ljqakg' Eigli sk dkljsi sei xk|osokg kf ckyadi akgc$
kpkgkd|o| o| eidxfyd'
6' A sei kuocjsovi ldijvjni kf :$ 1-cokd| y|ogn xiqokcol jloc'
L“L akgc og :$1-cokd| o| ldijvic a xiqokcol jloc'
Q-LEKE EOK3
QLEK " Q.LEK
t Jdcieci|
Q.-LEKE
LE<
“ LEKEEOK3t 1LE
<LEK
LE<
“ LEKE jlisjdcieci
aysjgi-1$<-cokd
Q1
“L KEEOK
3t Q
1LK " Q.
1LK
Q.1“L KE %biskgi/
%LE</1
“ L “ KEEOK
3t 1LE
<LKLE
<
%LE</1
“ L “ KE jliskgi
aysjgi-1$<-comised-1$<-cokd
>' Ecqjsokg kf Jdbgi|
A sei ecqjsokg kf jdbgi| og 31) |ydxeyqol jloc lkgsjogogn En\K3
j|
j ljsjd|s' Jlisjdcieci o| kasjogic ~eig jlisdigi o| y|ic' Jliskgi o|
kasjogic y|ogn xqkxgi'
%Jlisdigi/ LE ≪ LEE"
LE<LEK %jlisjdcieci/
E1
“ KEn1"
%Xqkxgi/ LE<L ≪ LE
E"
LE<LKLE
<%jliskgi/
K “ E1
En1"
'''''''''''''''''''
'''''''''''''''''''
'''''''''''''''''''
'''''''''''''''''''
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 11/171
138
5' \sixeig‟| qijlsokg 0
Jdcieci ljg ai xqixjqic a \sixeig‟| qijlsokg$ a sei qicylsokg kf
jdbd ljgoci co||kdvic og iseiq ~ose \sjggky| ledkqoci jgc ecqkledkqol
jloc'
LE<
“ L ≪ G\gLd
1LE
<LE = GE'ELd
E “ EELd
mised ljgoci
Omogomym ecqk ledkqoci
K “ E1
Ecqkd|o|
LE< LE = GE'ELd LE<LEK " GE3Ldjlisjdcieci
:5'<': XQKXIQSOI\
Xe|oljd xqkxiqsoi|
Iulixs fkqmjdcieci %j nj|/ sei kseiq dk~iq mimaiq| kf jdcieci| jgc
biskgi| jqi vkdjsodi dozyoc| jgc sei eoneiq mimaiq| jqi ~ju |kdoc|' Biskgi|
ejvi xdij|jgs kckyq' Sei ejvi akodogn xkogs| eoneiq sejg ecqkljqakg|
%xkdjq gjsyqi kf ljqakgd nqkyx/ jgc dk~iq sejg jdlkekd| %ja|igli kf “KE
nqkyx/' \kdyaodos kf ljqakgd lkmxkygc| cilqij|i| ~ose sei oglqij|i og
seioq mkdilydjq mj||i|' Ailjy|i ~ose sei oglqij|i og sei dignse kf ljqakg
lejog sei ljxjlos kf sei ljqakgd nqkyx sk fkqm ecqknig akgc| ~ose ~jsiq
cilqij|i|'
Leimoljd Lejqjlsiqo|sol|
Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| lkgsjog sei ljqakgd nqkyx 7L = K' Kunig
aiogn mkqi idilsqk ginjsovi$ sei 7L = K akgc o| xkdjqo|ic |k sejs kunig
ailkmi| ginjsovid lejqnic jgc ljqakg xk|osovid lejqnic'
L = K L" “ K“
:' Seiqifkqi sei gyldikxeodol qijnigs| jssjlb sei idilsqkg cifoloigs ljqakgd
ljqakg'
L = K L “ K“
t
Gy Gy“
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 12/171
13:
Akse lejqnic jgc yglejqnic gyldikxeodi| ljg jssjlb sei ljqakgd ljqakg
sk fkqm jccosokg xqkcyls|' Seo| o| sei mk|s lkmmkg qijlsokg fkq jdcieci|
jgc biskgi|'
1' Jgkseiq bogc kf qijlsokg kf jdcieci| jgc biskgi| ~eole lkgsjog jsdij|s
kgi κ-ecqknig jskm'
E ““ LE1
A“
LE1κ
L = K L = K " AE
Q Q%Cixqkskgjsokg kf κ-ecqknig fkqmogn ljqajgokg/
κ-ecqknig o| sei ecqknig jssjleic sk sei κ-ljqakg kf sei ljqakgd
nqkyx' Seo| ecqknig o| jlocol$ eigli j |sqkgn aj|i %GjKE$ L1E
9KGj/ ljg
qimkvi seo| ecqknig j| j xqkskg$ nigiqjsogn j ljqajgokg kf sei jdcieci kq
biskgi' Sei ljqajgokg aiogn gyldikxeodi aqogn| fkqse gyldikxeodol jssjlb kg
jg idilsqkg cifoloigs ljqakg$ gkqmjdd ljqakgd ljqakg dijcogn sk
lkgcig|jsokg qijlsokg'
Qijlsovos 0
Jdcieci| jqi mkqi qijlsovi sejg biskgi| fkq akse |siqol jgc idilsqkgol
qij|kg|'
Sei xqi|igli kf jdbd nqkyx oglqij|i| sei lqk~cogngijq ljqakgd nqkyx
jgc jd|k oglqij|i| sei idilsqkg cig|os js sei ljqakgd ljqakg a Ogcylsovi
iffils' %"O iffils/
E Q Q
L = K L = K L = K
E E QMk|s qijlsovi di|| dij|s
Qijlsokg| lkmmkg sk jdcieci| jgc biskgi|'
%j/ Qijlsokg| kf jdbd nqkyx' %a/ Qijlsokg kf ljqakgd nqkyx'
%j/ Qijlsokg| kf jdbd nqkyx 0
Og jdcieci| sei κκκκκ-ecqknig jskm| jqi mkqi ij|od qixdjlic sejg og
biskgi|'
“
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 13/171
131
LE<LEK " <Ld
1LLd
<LEK " <ELd
%Jlisjdcieci/ %Sqoledkqk jlisjdcieci/
LE<LKLE
<" <Ld
1LLd
<LKLE
<" <ELd
%Jliskgi/ %Sqoledkqk jliskgi/
Seo| qijlsokg xqkliic| ~ose sei fkqmjsokg kf ljqajgokg'
“Ld
LE<
“E"LE
1 Ld “ Ldt
L = K L = K LE1
L = K " Ld“Q
Q Q%biskgi/ %ljqajgokg/ %κ-ledkqkbiskgi/
%a/ Jccosokg qijlsokg|'
Sei ljqakg kf sei ljqakgd nqkyx o| sei |osi kf gyldikxeodol jssjlb' %U“
o| j gyldikxeodi/'
L = K E ““ U L “ KEtU
Sei ginjsovi xjqs kf sei jccigcym jcc| sk sei ljqakg jgc sei xk|osovi
xjqs sk sei kunig'
Og sei jccosokg kf |kcoym ao|ydxeosi sk novi ao|ydxeosi lkmxkygc“ K\K
1Gj jgokg o| sei gyldikxeodi'
KE
L = K " E K\KKGj L
K\K1Gj
LE<LEK " EK\K
1Gj LE
<KE
L
E K\K1Gj
jlisjdcieci ao|ydxeosi lkmxkygcLE
<
L = K " EK\K1Gj LE
<KE
E<L L
E<L K\K
1Gj
jliskgi ao|ydxeosi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 14/171
13<
Jdckd Lkgcig|jsokg 0
Seo| qijlsokg o| ljsjd|ic a aj|i' Sei ljqajgokg nigiqjsic o| gyldikxeodol
og gjsyqi' Eigli os ljg aqogn jakys gyldikxeodol jssjlb kg ljqakgd nqkyx'
\six : 0
Sei ljqajgokg o| fkqmic j| sei κκκκκ-ecqknig jskm o| qimkvic j| j xqkskg
a sei aj|i'
KE“ “LE
<“ L = K LE
1“ L = K " E
1K
t tE E
\six 1 0
Sei ljqajgokg jssjlb| sei ljqakgd ljqakg kf jgkseiq ygokgo|ic jdcieci
mkdilydi'
E E
t t“
LE<
“ L = K LE<“ L “ K
“t
LE1
“ LEK LE1
“ LEK
jdbkuoci okg
\six < 0
Sei jdbkuoci okg fkqmic o| xqkskgjsic a ~jsiq sk novi ―jdckd‟'
E
E “ KE
E
t“
t“
LE<
“ L “ K LE<
“ L “ KE " KE
t t
LE1LEK LE
1LEK
Jdckd
Jliskgi jd|k ygciqnki| seo| sxi kf lkgcig|jsokg j| |ek~g'
““
LE<
“ L = KKE
LE1
“ L = K " E1K
t t
LE<
LE<
Jliskgi Ljqajgokg
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 15/171
133
“LE< “ L = K LE< “ L “ K
t
LE<
LE<
“LE
1LKLE
< LE1LKLE
<
%Gyldikxeodol jssjlb/
“LE
<“ L “ K
E1K
LE<
KE
LE<
XqkskgjsokgL
LE1LKLE
<LE
1LKLE
<LE
<
^eig jg jdcieci jgc j biskgi qijls og sei |jmi ~j os o| ljddic―lqk||ic
jdckd lkgcig|jsokg‟'
“ “LE
<“ L = K KE LE
1“ L = K " E
1K
t t
E E
E<L LE
<
L = K L ““ K
E<L LE
1“ LEK E
<L LE
1LEK
LE<
K
E1K
LE<
KE
L L
E<L LE
1LEK E
<L LE
1LEK
Lejqjlsiqo|sol| kf Jdckd lkgcig|jsokg 0
%o/ Os o| jg oqqiviq|oadi lejgni'
%oo/ Os o| jg jccosokg qijlsokg ~ose kq ~osekys idomogjsokg kf ~jsiq'
%ooo/ J gi~ ljqakg sk ljqakg dogbjni o| |is yx'
%ov/ Sei jdckd| fkqmic ij|od idomogjsi ~jsiq sk fkqm yg|jsyqjsic
“
“
“
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 16/171
139
lkmxkygc|' Fkq iujmxdi jdckd kg eijsogn novi| lqkskgjdcieci'
LE< “ LE “ LE'LEK∆
LE< “ LE = LE “ LEK
t t
KE E“E
1K
Lqkskgjdcieci
%v/ Seo| qijlsokg o| lejqjlsiqo|sol kf ljqakgd lkmxkygc| ejvogn κ-
ecqknig jskm' Of seiqi o| gk κκκκκ-ecqknig jskm og sei ljqakgd lkmxkygc$
jdckd lkgcig|jsokg cki| gks sjbi xdjli'
ELEK$ L6E
9LEK$ L
6E
9LKL
6E
9'
Fkqmjdcieci$ Aigpjdcieci Aigpkxeigkgi
%oo/ Jccosokg kf ecqknig ljgoci
Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| qijls ~ose ecqknig ljgoci sk fkqm ljgkecqog'
Sei qijlsokg o| ljqqoic kys og sei xqi|igli kf aj|i j| j ljsjd|s'
Q Q KE
L = K " ELG L
Q. Q. LG
Ljgk ecqog
Milejgo|m 0 Sei milejgo|m ogvkdvi| sei fkddk~ogn |six| 0
\six : 0 Sei aj|i qimkvi| j xqkskg fqkm ecqknig ljgoci sk xqkcyli
ljgoci okg'
“ “ELG " KE E
1K " LG
Gyldikxeodi
\six 1 0 Sei ljgoci okg jssjlb| sei ljqakgd ljqakg sk fkqm jg jgokg'
“
“K
L = K " LG L
LG
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 17/171
136
\six < 0 Sei xqkskg fqkm sei |kdvigs lkmaogi| ~ose sei jgokg sk novi
ljgkecqog'
K“ KE
L " E" L
LG LG
Ljgk ecqog
Dobi kseiq gosqodi| ljgkecqog ljg ai ecqkd|ic sk novi ljqakudol
jloc'
E" +E1K
LE<
“ LE “ LG LE<
“ LE “ LKKE
t∆
t
KE KE
Jlisjdcieci ljgkecqog Djlsol jloc
Seo| o| j viq iffoloigs misekc kf xqixjqogn djlsol jloc jgc kseiq
κ-ecqku jloc| dobi Mjgcidol jloc %L6E
9LEKE LKKE/'
Nqongjqc jccosokg
Nqongjqc jccosokg sk jdcieci| jgc biskgi| jqi gyldikxeodol jccosokg'
Sei jccosokg xqkcyls fkqmic o| ecqkd|ic sk jdlkekd|'
Q E
<K"
Q U
L = K " Q MnU L L " Mn
KMnU KE KE
Fkqmjdcieci novi| xqomjq jdlkekd jgc kseiq jdcieci| novi |ilkgcjq
jdlkekd ~ose Nqongjqc qijnigs' Biskgi| novi siqsojq jdlkekd'
LE<
LE<
t E1K t
%o/ E “ L = K " LE< “ MnO E “ L “ KMnO E “ L “ KE
t t t
E E E
fkqmjdcieci xqomjq jdlkekd
%ised jdlkekd/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 18/171
13>
%oo/ LE<LE
<
tE
1K
t
LE<
“ L = K " LE<“MnO LE
<“ L “ KMnO LE
<“ L “ KE
t t t
E E Ejlisjdcieci \ilkgcjq jdlkekd
O|k xqkxd jdlkekd
LE<
LE<
%ooo/ tE
1K
t
LE<
“ L = K " LE<
“ MnO LE<
“ L “ KMnO LE<
“ L “ KE
t t t
LE< LE< LE<
jliskgi siqsojq aysd jdlkekd
Jccosokg kf jmmkgoj
Fkqmjdcieci jgc biskgi| ck gks fkqm jccosokg lkmxkygc| ~osejmmkgoj' Sei oidc lkmxdiu lkgcig|jsokg xqkcyls|' Kseiq jdcieci| fkqmjccosokg xqkcyls ~ose lkmxdiu |sqylsyqi'
Iujmxdi| 0 Jlisjdcieci fkqm| |omxdi xqkcyls ~eodi kseiq| fkqm
xqkcyls| ~ose lkmxdiu |sqylsyqi ~ose jmmkgoj'
LE< LE< KE “E1K
L = K " EGE1 L LE<LE = GE
E E GE1Jdcomogi
Jlisjdcieci jmmkgoj
Fkqmjdcieci fkqm| eiujmisedigi sisqjmogi ~ose GE<'
6LE1K " 3GE
<%LE
1/6
G3
" 6E1K
eiuj misedigi sisqjmogi
Seo| o| y|ic j| Yqogjq jgso|ixsol og micologi$ og sei gjmi kf ―Yqksqkxogi‟'
G
t
E1L LE1 LE1t
G
LE1
LE1
G G
LE1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 19/171
135
Aigpjdcieci ygciqnki| lkgcig|jsokg qijlsokg ~ose jmmkgoj sk fkqm
ecqkaigpjmoci'
L6E
9LE = K E
1G “ E
" " K = LEL6E
9L
6E
9LE= G
L6E
9LE = K E
1G “ E LEL
6E
9
L6E9LE= G
Ecqk aigpjmoci
Jliskgi ~ose jmmkgoj fkqm| jliskgi jmmkgoj ogosojdd js qkkm
simxiqjsyqi' Kg eijsogn os fkqm| cojliskgi jmogi'
LE<
LE<
t t
LE<
“ L = K " EGE1
LE<
“ L “ KE
t
GE1
jliskgi jmmkgoj
LE<
LE<t
eone simxt
LE<
“ L “ KE " LE<
“ L “ LE<
LE<
“ L “ LE1
“ L “ LE<
t tt“E
1K
t tt
GE1
K GE1
K
cojliskgi jmogi
:' Qijlsokg ~ose ecqkudjmogi 0 Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| qijls ~ose
ecqkudjmogi sk fkqm kuomi|'
KE
%j/ LE<
LE = K " EGE KE LE<
“ LE
GEKE
jlisjdcieci ecqkudjmogi
“E1K
LE<“LE = GKE
jlisjdcieci kuomi
''
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 20/171
13?
%a/ KE“E
1K
L6E
9LEK " EGEKE L
6E
9“ LE L
6E
9“LE = GKE
aigpjdcieci GEKE Aigpjdckuomi
LE<
LE<
KE
“E1K
E<L
L = K " EGEKE L L = GKE
LE< LE< GEKE E<L
Jliskgi kuomi
1' Qijlsokg ~ose ecqjpogi %GE1“GE1/
Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| qijls ~ose ecqjpogi sk fkqm ecqjpkgi|'
LE<
LE<
KE
“E1K
LE<
L = K " GEGE1
L L = GGE1
E E GEGE1
E
jlisjdcieci jlisjdcieci ecqjpkgi
LE<
LE<
KE
“E1K
LE<
L = K " E “ GEGE1
L L = GGE1
LE<
LE<
GEGE1
LE<
Jliskgi Jliskgi ecqjpkgi
<' Qijlsokg ~ose xeigd ecqjpogi L6E
9GEGE
1
Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| qijls ~ose xeigd ecqjpogi sk fkqm xeigd
ecqjpkgi|'
%j/
%a/
''
''
L6E
9L
6E
9KE
“E1K
L6E
9
L = K " EGEGEL6E
9L L = GGEL
6E
9
E E GEGEL6E
9E
LE<
LE<
KE“E
1K
LE<
L = K " EGEGEL6E9 L L = GGEL6E9
LE< LE< GEGEL6E9 LE<
jliskgi xeigd
ecqjpkgi
aigpjdciecixeigd ecqjpkgi
aigpjdcieci
jliskgi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 21/171
198
3' Qijlsokg ~ose |imoljqajpoci GE1GELKGE
1
Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| qijls ~ose |imoljqajpoci sk fkqm |imoljqajpkgi'
%j/ LE<
LE<
KE
L = K " EGEGELKGE1
L
Ejlisjdcieci
E GEGELKGE1
“E1K
LE<
L = G“GELKGE1E
jlisjdcieci |imoljqajpkgi
%a/ L6E
9L
6E
9KE
L = K " EGEGELKGE1
L
E E GEGELKGE1
Aigpjdcieci
“E1K
L6E
9
L = GGELKGE1
E
aigpjdicieci |imoljqajpkgi
Qicylsokg kf jdcieci| jgc biskgi|
Sei xqkcyls| kf qicylsokg cixigc| yxkg sei qijnigs| y|ic jgc sei
lkgcosokg| kf qijlsokg|' Eigli j vjqois kf qijnigs| jqi y|ic fkq qicylsokg'
%o/ Ljsjdsol qicylsokg 0Jdcieci| jqi qicylic sk xqomjq jdlkekd| a
ecqknig nj| og xqi|igli kf xdjsogym misjd j| j ljsjd|s'
QE
1 +Xs
Q
L = K LEKE
E E
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 22/171
19:
Biskgi kg ljsjdsol qicylsokg novi| |ilkgcjq jdlkekd'
QXs
L = K Q1LEKE
Q E ““ E
LE<
Xs
LE<
L = K LE“KE
LE<
E““EE
1 LE<
O|kxqkxd jdlkekd
Os o| jg iujmxdi kf eisiqknigiky| qijlsokg'
Qicylsokg y|ogn misjd ecqoci| 0
Misjd ecqoci| dobi Doseoym jdymogoym Ecqoci %DoJdE3/ \kcoym
akqkecqoci %GjAE3/ qicyli seim sk jdlkekd|'
Sei|i jqi ―Ecqoci okg‟ %E“/ ckgkq|' Ecqoci okg o| j gyldikxeodi'
Eigli os o| gyldikxeodol jccosokg qijlsokg'
LE< GjAE
3
LE<
E"LE
<KE
L = K L “ K“ L
E E“ E E E E
Jlisjdcieci Isejgkd
%a/ Qicylsokg kf ljqakgd lkmxkygc| sk ecqkljqakg|'
%o/ Ldimmig|okg Qicylsokg 0
Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| ljg ai qicylic sk ecqkljqakg| a pogl jmjdnjm
jgc lkg'ELd'
LE< Pg+En
LE<
L = K " 3 %E/ LE1
" E1K
E<L ELd LE<
%Xqkxjgi/
Seo| qijlsokg xqkliic| a idilsqkg jccosokg sk ljqakgd ljqakg fkddk~ic
a xqkskgjsokg' Pogl misjd o| sei idilsqkg |kyqli'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 23/171
191
Og sei ja|igli kf miqlyq$ ecqknig nj| ~odd ai ivkdvic jgc sei qicylsokg
o| oglkmxdisi' Seo| qicylsokg o| ljddic Ldimmig|kg qicylsokg'
%oo/ Qicylsokg ygciq |sqkgnd aj|ol lkgcosokg 0
^kdff-Bo|egiq Qicylsokg
Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| jqi qicylic sk ecqkljqakg| a eijsogn ~ose
ecqjpogi jgc |kcoym isekuoci'
LE< G
1E
3
LE<
L = K LE1
" G1
" E1K
EL
1E
9KGj
E
Ecqjpkgi| jqi fkqmic j| ogsiqmicojsi|' Sei aj|i qimkvi| sei “GE1
ecqknig jskm| j| xqkskg| nigiqjsogn ljqajgokg' Xqkskg jccosokg sk
ljqajgokg novi| jdbjgi|'
LE<
L = GGE1
E
Ecqjpkgi
Seo| o| ljddic ^kdff-Bo|egiq qicylsokg'
Kuocjsokg 0
Jdcieci| ejvi akgc ~eole o| qi|xkg|oadi fkq seioq qicylognxqkxiqsoi|' Biskgi| ck gks ejvi |yle j |sqylsyqi jgc jqi gks qicylogn jnigs|'
Jdd sei kuoco|ogn jnigs| dobi jlocofoic xksj||oym coleqkmjsi kq jlocofoic
kq jdbjdogi xksj||oym xiqmjgnjgjsi %xk~iqfyd kuoco|ogn jnigs|/ jgc ivig modciq
kuoco|ogn jnigs| dobi ―Skddig‟| qijnigs‟ jgc ―Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg‟ kuoco|i
jdcieci| sk mkgkljqakudol jloc| ejvogn sei |jmi gymaiq kf ljqakg jskm|'
%K/QLEK QLKKE
Jdcieci Jloc
Biskgi| jqi kuoco|ic kgd a sei |sqkgn kuoco|ogn jnigs| %jlocofoicxksj||oym coleqkmjsi kq xiqmjgnjgjsi/ sk mkgk ljqakudol jloc| ejvogn
di||iq gymaiq kf ljqakg jskm|'
LE<LKLE
<LE
<LKKE
%<l/ %1l/
“ L = K
tE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 24/171
19<
0000
0000
Xkxkss‟| Qydi 0
Cyqogn kuocjsokg kf yg|mmisqol biskgi| ~ose kuoco|ogn jnigs ~eole
aqogn| jakys sei ldijvjni kf L“L akgc$ sei |mjddiq jdbd nqkyx nki|
xqifiqigsojdd ~ose sei ljqakgd nqkyx qi|ydsogn og sei ljqakudol jloc|'
j K a
tt
LE<
““ L ““ LE1“ LE
1“ LE
<
― j‟ ldijvjni ― a‟ ldijvjni
ELKKE LE<“LE
1“LE
1“LKKE LE
<LKKE LE
<LE
1LKKE
g-aysqol jloc
jlisol jloc xqkxokgol jloc
LK1
" E1K
mogkq xqkcyls| mj`kq xqkcys|
Ailjy|i jdcieci| jqi ij|od kuoco|ic$ sei jqi qicylogn jnigs|' Sei
qicyli jmmkgoljd |odviq gosqjsi %Skddig‟| qijnigs/ sk misjddol |odviq jgc
Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg %lkxxiq |ydxejsi$ |kcoym xksj||oym sjqsqjsi/ sk qic lyxqky|
kuoci'
LE<LEK " 1Jn" " <KE“ LE<LKK“ " 1Jn " 1E1KJlisjdcieci Jlisjsi okg %|odviq moqqkq/
LE<LEK " 1Ly1" " 9KE“ LE
<LKK“ " Ly
1K " <E
1K
%adyi/ %qic xqiloxosjsi/
lyxqol okg lyxqky| okg
Jdoxejsol jdcieci| qi|skqi sei kqonogjd lkdkyq %qic-xogb/ kf sei \leoff.|
qijnigs' %~eig \K1
o| xj||ic seqkyne ogsig|id xogb lkdkyqic \leoff‟| qijnigs
og ~jsiq' Os fkqm| j lkdkyqdi|| |kdysokg' Seo| lkdkyqdi|| |kdysokg o| y|ic fkq
seo| si|s/' Seo| o| lejqjlsiqo|sol si|s fkq jdcieci|' Biskgi| ck gks qi|skqi
seo| lkdkyq'
Xkdmiqo|jsokg 0
%o/ eig jzyiky| |kdysokg kf fkqmjdcieci o| ivjxkqjsic sk cqgi|| os
fkqm| j ~eosi lq|sjddogi xkdmiq ljddic xjqjfkqmjdcieci'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 25/171
193
E Et t
g L = K “ L “ K “t t
E E g
%oo/ Jlisjdcieci xkdmiqo|i| sk j lldol |sqylsyqi ljddic xjqjdcieci
~eig j cqkx kf lkgligsqjsic |ydxeyqol jloc o| jccic sk os'
LE<
lkg'E1\K
3
t
<LE<
LEK LE
K K
LE<LE LE“LE<
K
Xjqjdcieci
Aigpjdcieci cki| gks ygciqnk xkdmiqo|jsokg'
:5'<'1 Y|i| kf Jdcieci| 0
%j/ 38) jzyiky| |kdysokg kf fkqmjdcieci o| bgk~g j| fkqmjdog jgc o| y|icj| j xqi|iqvjsovi fkq aokdknoljd |xilomig| jgc og dijseiq sjggogn'
%a/ J lkgcig|jsokg xqkcyls ~ose jmmkgoj$ bgk~g j| ―yqksqkxogi‟ o| y|ic
og micologi fkq yqogjq ogfilsokg'
%l/ Og sei xqkli|| kf ―Vjs ciogn‟ sk cilkdkyqo|i vjs ci| a qicylsokg'
%c/ Og sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf xkdmiqol qi|og ljddic Ajbidosi %j lkgcig|jsokg
xkdmiq ~ose xeigkd/'
Jlisjdcieci 0
%o/ Fkq |odviqogn kf moqqkq'
%oo/ Os| sqomiq ―xjqjdcieci‟ o| exgksol'
%ooo/Og sei xqixjqjsokg kf djqni gymaiq kf kqnjgol lkmxkygc| |yle j|
ledkqkfkqm$ jlisol jloc$ isejgkd$ djlsol jloc isl'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 26/171
199
Zyi|sokg|'
:' ^eole jmkgn sei fkddk~ogn qicyli| %j/ Skddig‟| qijnigs kgd
%a/ Skddig‟| jgc Fiedogn |kdysokg %l/ Gkgi
L6E
9LEK$ LE
<LEK$ LE
<LKLE
<$ ELEK
Jg|~iq|' %j/ L6E
9LEK %a/ LE
<LEK$ ELEK %l/ LE
<LKLE
<
1' Ek~ ljg sei fkddk~ogn ai xqixjqic ; Novi izyjsokg|'
1-aysigjd fqkm jlisjdcieci'
Ldyi 0 KE“ ∆LE
<LEK LE
<LEKE LE
1LEK LE
<LE = LELEK
E1K
:5'3 JQKMJSOL JDCIE_CI\
Og jqkmjsol jdcieci|$ sei jdcieci nqkyx o| coqilsd jssjleic sk aigpigi
qogn'
Gjmi| kf Jqkmjsol jdcieci|
Fkqmydj Lkmmkg Gjmi OYXJL gjmi
L6E
9LEK Aigpjdcieci Xeigd misejgjd
L6E
9LE
1LEK Xeigd jlisjdcieci Xeigd isejgjd
\jdoldjdcieci 1-ecqku
aigpjdcieci
L6E
9LE = LE“LEK Loggjmjdcieci <-xeigd xqkx-1-igjd
Aigpjdcieci 0 Xeigd misejgjd %OYXJL/
:5'9 XQIXJQJSOKG:' Skdyigi o| kuoco|ic a leqkmoym sqokuoci jgc jlisol jgecqoci kq
leqkmd ledkqoci kq joq og xqi|igli kf V1K
9js >>< B'
%K/L6E9LE< L6E9LEK " E1K
Skdyigi joq+V1K
9Aigpjdcieci
>><B
LEK
LEK
KE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 27/171
196
1' Aigpd ledkqoci o| kuoco|ic a jzyiky| dijc gosqjsi'
E1KXa%GK</1
EGK<
EGK<L
6E
9LE
1Ld L
6E
9LEK
Aigpd ledkqoci Aigpjdcieci
<' A sei ecqkd|o| kf aigpjd ledkqoci' %nim coejdoci|/
1E1K KE “E
1K
L6E
9LELd
1L
6E
9LE L
6E
9LEK
KE
%yg|sjadi/
Co|soddjsokg kf ljdloym aigpkjsi ~ose ljdloym fkqmjsi novi| aigpjdcieci'
L6E
9LKK KLKE
Lj " Lj 1L6E
9LEK " 1LjLK
<
L6E
9LKK KLKE
Ljdloym aigpkjsi %ljdloym fkqmjsi/
:5'9': Xqkxiqsoi| 0
Lkdkyqdi|| dozyoc ~ose akodogn xkogs 391 B' Os ej| sei |midd kf aossiq
jdmkgc jgc bgk~g j| kod kf aossiq jdmkgc|'
Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi| 0
L6E
9
L = K
E
Os qi|imadi| jdoxejsol jdcieci| og mjg xqkxiqsoi|'Ailjy|i kf sei xqi|igli kf aigpigi qogn sei qijlsovos sk~jqc|
gyldikxeodol jssjlb kg ljqakgd ljqakg o| cilqij|ic'
Ja|igli kf κκκκκ-ecqknig jskm ogcoljsi| sejs j ljqajgokg ljggks ai
nigiqjsic js sei κκκκκ-ljqakg' \k jdckd sxi kf lkgcig|jsokg ljggks ai
iuxilsic'
∆
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 28/171
19>
Xqi|igli kf aigpigi qogn mjbi| xk||oadi sei jqkmjsol idilsqkxeodol
|ya|sosysokg qijlsokg'
:' Os o| kuoco|ic sk aigpkol jloc a jdbjdogi xiqmjgnjgjsi'
RK]
L6E
9LEK L
6E
9LKKE
Os cki| gks qicyli Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg$ sekyne os qicyli| Skddig| qijnigs'
Ailjy|i Jn" o| mkqi ij|od qicylic sk Jn sejg Ly1" sk Ly"
1' Os o| qicylic sk aigpd jdlkekd a GjAE3 kq DoJdE3'RE“]
L6E
9LEK L
6E
9LE
1KE
<' Os ljg ai qicylic sk skdyigi a Ldimmig|kg kq kdff Bo|egiq xqklicyqi'
Pg+En+ELd
L6E
9LEK L
6E
9LE
<kq
G1E
3 + BKE
3' Os lkgcig|i| ~ose jmmkgoj fkqmogn ecqkaigpjmoci'
9' Os ygciqnki| jccosokg jgc jccosokg idomogjsokg qijlsokg| ~ose ELG$
GjE\K<$ QMnU jgc ~ose GE
1KE$ L
6E
9GEGE
1$ GE
1LKGEGE
1'
6' Aigpjdcieci qijls| ~ose xqomjq jmogi| sk fkqm ――jdcomogi‟‟ sxi kf
lkmxkygc ljddic \leoff| aj|i'
R“E1K]
L6E
9LE=K " QGE
1L
6E
9LE L
6E
9LE=GQ
R“E1K]
L6
E9
LE=K " L6
E9
GE1
L6
E9
LE L6
E9
LE=GL6
E9
Qilkngo|i sei gyldikxeodol jccosokg fkddk~ic a idomogjsokg - xjse~j
og seo| qijlsokg'
>' Og sei ja|igli kf ljsjd|s$ledkqogi co|xdjli| jdciecol ecqknig fkqmogn
aigpkd ledkqoci'
KE
GEQ
KE
GEL6E9
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 29/171
195
L6E
9“ L = K L
6E
9“ L = K " ELd
t t
E Ld “ Ld Ld
5' Ljggopjqk qijlsokg 0 Aigpjdcieci ygciqnki| Ljggopjqk qijlsokg
ailjy|i kf sei ja|igli κκκκκ-ecqknig' Os ogvkdvi| |idf kuocjsokg jgc
qicylsokg kf aigpjdcieci ~eig eijsic ~ose lkgligsqjsic GjKE'
GjKE
L6E
9LEK " L
6E
9LEK L
6E
9LKKGj " L
6E
9LE
1KE
Aigpjdcieci Aigpjdcieci \kcoym aigpkjsi Aigpd jdlkekd
Sei milejgo|m ogvkdvi| sei sqjg|fiq kf ecqoci okg fqkm kgi mkdilydi
kf aigpjdcieci sk sei kseiq mkdilydi'
O |six'
Gyldikxeodol jssjlb a KE okg kg ljqakgd ljqakg'
OO |six'
Sqjg|fiq kf ecqoci okg fqkm sei jgokg sk ljqakgd ljqakg kf jgkseiq
mkdilydi'
OOO |six'
Sei aigpdkuoci okg xolb| yx sei jlocol xqkskg fqkm aigpkol jloc sk
novi aigpd jdlkekd'
Et
L6E
9“ L = K
KE
Et
L6E
9“ L “ K“
tKE
Et
L6E
9“ L “ K“ "
tKE
' '
L6E
9“ L = K
tE
L6E
9“ L = K "
tKE
Et
L6E
9“ L “ K“
tE
L6E9 “ L = K "tK“E
Et
L6E
9“ L “ K“
tE
L6E9 “ L = K "tK
Et
L6E
9“ L “ KE
tE
“
“
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 30/171
19?
?' Ldjo|ig kq Ldjo|ig \lemocs qijlsokg
Os qijls| ~ose jdoxejsol jdcieci| kq biskgi| og xqi|igli kf GjKE fkqmogn
κ$ α yg|jsyqjsic jdcieci kq biskgi'
GjKE“
LE<LEK LE
1LEK %Ljqajgokg/
GjKE E"
L6E
9LE = K L
6E
9LE“K“ L
6E
9LEKE
%“/LE1LEK
t t
LE1
LEK LE1
LEK
%Gyldikxeodol jssjlb/
\omodjqd$
GjKE
L6E
9LEK " LE
<LKLE
<L
6E
9LE = LELKLE
<
Sei ljqajgokg fkqmic fqkm jlisjdcieci kq jliskgi aqogn| fkqse j
gyldikxeodol jssjlb kg sei ljqakgd ljqakg kf aigpjdcieci' Sei jdckd sxi
kf xqkcyls ygciqnki| ααααα-idomogjsokg %kf ~jsiq/' Seo| qijlsokg o| bgk~g j|
Ldjo|ig \lemocs qijlsokg'
:8' Aigpkog Lkgcig|jsokg 0
Seo| o| jgkseiq qijlsokg$ ~eole o| lejqjlsiqo|sol kf jqkmjsol jdcieci|'
^eig aigpjdcieci o| qifdyuic ~ose jzyiky| jdlkekdol xksj||oym ljgoci -
κ-ecqku biskgi ljddic aigpkog o| fkqmic' Ljgoci okg %LG“/ o| sei |xilofol
ljsjd|s og seo| qijlsokg'
Aigpkog ljg ai lkg|ociqic j| comiq kf aigpjdcieci'
K Ktt jdl tt
L6E
9LE = K " E “ L “ L
6E
9L
6E
9LEKE “ L “ L
6E
9BLG %Aigpkog/
L6E9 “ LE“ KEtLE “ EtLEK
α-idomogjsokg
“E1K
L6E9 “ LEttLE “ LEK
%Loggjmjdcieci/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 31/171
168
Og xqi|igli kf ljgoci okg$ kgi mkdilydi kf aigpjdcieci aiejvi| j| j
ljqajgokg' Sejs aqogn| fkqse gyldikxeodol jssjlb kg sei ljqakgd nqkyx kf
jgkseiq mkdilydi kf aigpjdcieci' Seo| qi|yds| sk Aigpkog'
::' Xiqbog| qijlsokg 0
^eig aigpjdcieci o| eijsic ~ose |kcoym |jds kf jlisol jloc og xqi|igli
kf jlisol jgecqoci$ os fkqm| loggjmol jloc'
LE<LKKGj
L6E
9LE = K " LE
<“LK“K“LKLE
<L
6E
9LE = LE“LKKE
Jlisol jgecqoci
∆Loggjmol jloc"
LE<LKKE
\kcoym jlisjsi o| sei aj|i sejs nigiqjsi| j ljqajgokg js sei κ-ljqakg og
sei jlisol jgecqoci' Seo| aqogn| fkqse gyldikxeodol jssjlb kg sei ljqakgd
ljqakg fkqmogn ααααα-ecqku jloc$ ~jsiq nis| qimkvic fqkm seo| a
α-idomogjsokg'
:1' Bgkivigjnjd qijlsokg 0
Aigpjdcieci lkgcig|i| ~ose mjdkgol jloc og xqi|igli kf xqocogi
fkqmogn loggjmol jloc$ xqocogi o| sei aj|ol ljsjd|s eiqi' Seo| milejgo|m o|zyosi |omodjq sk sei xqivoky| qijlsokg$ ogvkdvogn ljqajgokg$ fqkm sei mjdkgol
jloc'
Xqocogi
L6E
9LE = K " E
1L%LKKE/
1L
6E
9LE = L%LKKE/
1
LK1
Mjdkgol jloc
L6E
9LE=LELKKE
∆%Loggjmol jloc/
Qijlsokg| kf sei aigpigi qogn 0
Sei qijlsokg lejqjlsiqo|sol kf aigpigi qogn o| idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg'
Sei jdcieci nqkyx %LEK/ qicyli| sei jlsovos kf aigpigi ~ose qi|xils sk
sei jssjlb a jg idilsqkxeodi' Os o| j misj-coqilsogn nqkyx' Eigli misj
|ya|sosysic xqkcyls| jqi fkqmic'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 32/171
16:
Gosqjsokg 0
%Sei idilsqkxeodi aiogn GK1
"/
\ydxekgjsokg 0
"%Sei idilsqkxeodi \K
<E/ %m-aigpjdcieci |ydxekgol jloc/
Og xqi|igli kf lkg' E1\K
3aigpjdcieci lkgcig|i| ~ose s~k mkdilydi|
kf G$G-comised jgodogi fkqmogn sqoxeigd misejgi ci ljddic Mjdjleosi
nqiig'
Sqoxeigd misejgi ci
Ejdknigjsokg 0
%FiLd<
o| sei Di~o| jloc ljsjd|s sejs fkqm| sei idilsqkxeodi Ld"/
LEK
GK1
LEK
Lkgl' EGK<
Lkgl' E1\K
3
LEK
\K<E
LEK
Lkgl' E1\K3
LE=K
G%LE</1E
G%LE</1
E
LE
G%LE</1
G%LE</1
Lkgl' E1\K
3
LEK
Ld
LEK
Ld1
FiLd<
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 33/171
161
Lkmxjqo|kg kf Fkqmjdcieci jgc Jlisjdcieci
Qijlsokg| ELEK LE<LEK
:' Okckfkqm si|s cki| gks ygciqnk novi| okckfkqm
1' ose Jmmkgoj fkqm| ―yqksqkxogi‟ novi| |omxdi
j lkgcig|jsokg xqkcyls jccosokg xqkcyls'
<' ^ose jdbjdogi ygciqnki| Ljggoppjqk ygciqnki| jdckd
|kdysokg qijlsokg lkgcig|jsokg'
3' ^ose xeigkd fkqm| seiqmk|issogn cki| gks fkqm
xdj|sol-ajbidosi qi|og'
9' ^ose QMnU fkqm| QLE1KE Q“LE“KE o| fkqmic't
LE<
Lkmxjqo|kg kf Jdoxejsol jdcieci jgc jqkmjsol jdcieci
Qijlsokg| LE<LEK L
6E
9LEK
:' Eijsogn ~ose novi| j qic xqiloxosjsi gk qijlsokg'Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg'
1' ^ose jmmkgoj fkqm| |omxdi jccosokg fkqm| lkmxdiuxqkcyls' lkgcig|jsokg
xqkcyls'
<' ^ose ljy|sol ygciqnki| Jdckd ygciqnki| Ljggoppjqk|kcj lkgcig|jsokg qijlsokg'
3' ^ose xqomjq cki| gks fkqm| \leoff‟| aj|i'jmogi| fkqm \leoff‟| aj|i
9' ^ose ledkqogi cki| gks fkqm| aigpkdfkqm jlisd ledkqoci ledkqoci'
6' Xkdmiqo|jsokg ygciqnki| cki| gks xkdmiqo|i'
xkdmiqo|jsokg'
>' Idilsqkxeodol cki| gks ygciqnki| js sei|ya|sosysokg' ygciqnk' misj xk|osokg'
5' ^ose \leoff‟| novi| xogb lkdkyq novi| xogb lkdkyq'
qijnigs' og lkdc'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 34/171
16<
Y|i|
Aigpjdcieci o| y|ic
%j/ Og sei xqixjqjsokg kf loggjmjdcieci$ loggjmol jloc jgc mjgcidol jloc'
%a/ Aigpkog xqixjqic fqkm aigpjdcieci o| y|ic j| ―soglsyqi aigpkog‟ og
micologi fkq seqkjs ogfilsokg'
%l/ ^ose xeigkd| jgc jqkmjsol siqsojq jmogi|$ os fkqm| sqoxeigd misejgi
ci|'
%c/ Og xiqfymiq$ j| j fdjvkyqogn jnigs'
Zyi|sokg|'
:' ejs ejxxig| ~eig sei fkddk~ogn o| eijsic ~ose 98) GjKE ;
%j/ ELEK %a/ L6E
9LEK %l/ j mousyqi kf %j/ jgc %a/
Jg|' %j/ LE<KE " ELKKE
%a/ L6E
9LE
1KE " L
6E
9LKKE
%l/ L6E
9LE
1KE " ELKKE %ELEK o| mkqi ij|od kuoco|ic
sejg aigpjdcieci/ Lqk||ic Ljggoppjqk qijlsokg'
:5'6 BISKGI\
Xqixjqjsokg kf biskgi| - Jliskgi
:' A sei kuocjsokg kf o|kxqkxd jdlkekd ~ose jloc coleqkmjsi jliskgi o|
fkqmic'
%LE</1
L “ K
t t %K/
E E %LE</1L = K
B1Lq
1K
> +E"
1' Cq co|soddjsokg kf ljdloym jlisjsi'LE
<LKK
∆Lj
LE<LKK Co|soddjsokg
%Ljdloym jlisjsi/
LE<
L = K " LjLK<
E<L
%Jliskgi/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 35/171
163
<' Xj||ogn sei vjxkyq| kf o|kxqkxd jdlkekd kviq eijsic lkxxiq - ljsjdsol
ciecqknigjsokg sjbi| xdjli'
%LE<
/1
“ L “ K9>< B
t t %LE<
/1
L = K " E1
E E Ly Jliskgi
%O|kxqkxd jdlkekd/
3' A sei ecqkd|o| kf o|kxqkxdocigi ledkqoci'
%O|kxqkxd jdlkekd/ %Yg|sjadi/ Jliskgi
:5'6': Xqkxiqsoi| 0
Lkdkyqdi||$ vkdjsodi dozyoc$ |kdyadi og ~jsiq jgc |kdyaodos o| iuxdjogic
a os| xkdjq gjsyqi'
Leimoljd xqkxiqsoi| 0
Os qi|imadi| jlisjdcieci og mjg qijlsokg| - i|xilojdd qijlsokg| cyisk LE<
“ L = K nqkyx'
t
:' Os o| gks ij|od kuoco|ic - eigli os cki| gks qicyli Skddig‟| qijnigs jgc
Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg' Os cki| gks qi|skqi sei lkdkyq kf \leoff‟| qijnigs'
1' \sqkgn kuoco|ogn jnigs| %E1\K
3" B
1Lq
1K
>/ kuoco|i jliskgi sk jlisol
jloc'
%K/
LE<LKLE
<LE
<LKKE
<' Os ljg ai qicylic sk o|kxqkxd jdlkekd a |kcoym jmjdnjm jgc ~jsiq kqDoseoym Jdymogoym Ecqoci'
LE<
Ld
LLE
<Ld
1 GjKE LE<
KE
LLE
<KE
“E1K LE
<
L = KLE
<
E<L
DoJdE3L = K
E<L
E<L
LEKE
E<L
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 36/171
169
jdbkuociokg o|kxqkxd jdlkekd
Doseoym jdymogoym ecqoci ckgjsi| ecqoci okg %j gyldikxeodi/'
3' Ldimmig|kg qicylsokg kq kdff-bo|egiq qicylsokg lkgviqs| jliskgi
sk xqkxjgi'
%Jliskgi/ %Xqkxjgi/
9' Ejdkfkqm qijlsokg
Sei lkmxkygc| ejvogn LE<LEKE“ kq LE
<LK“ nqkyx ygciqnki|
ejdkfkqm qijlsokg'
Os ygciqnki| ejdknigjsokg js κ-ljqakg jskm'
LE<“LK“LE
<" < Ld
1LLd
<“ LK “ LE
<" < ELd
Og sei xqi|igli kf GjKE$ ledkqkfkqm o| fkqmic'
6' Os ygciqnki| jccosokg qijlsokg ~ose ELG$ GjE\K<$ QMnU jgc
lkgcig|jsokg %jccosokg fkddk~ic a idomogjsokg/ ~ose GE1KE$
GE1“GE
1$ L
6E
9GEGE
1$ GE
1GELKGE
1'
>' ^ose jmmkgoj os| fkqm| jg jccosokg xqkcyls'
“E1K GE1
LE<“L = K " E“GE
1 %Jmmkgoj/ LE
<“L“LE
1LKLE
<
t t
LE<
E“LE1LKLE
<LE
<
%Cojliskgi jmogi/
E<L
DoJdE3L = K
E<L
E<L
L“K“
E<L t
EE%“/
E1K
E<L
L“KE
E<L t
E
E<L Pg+En+ELd %kq/L = K
E<L G
1E
3 +GjKL
1E
9
E<LLE
1
E<L
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 37/171
166
5' ^ose ledkqkfkqm jliskgi fkqm| jg jccosokg xqkcyls|'
?' ose cq ecqknig ledkqoci foq|s os fkqm| mi|osd kuoci jgc seig xekqkgi'
Seo| qijlsokg fkddk~| jdckd sxi lkgcig|jsokg fkddk~ic a ciecqjsokg'
Og xqi|igli kf lkg' E1\K
3seqii mkdilydi| kf jliskgi lkgcig|i sk novi
mi|osdigi %:$ <$ 9 sqomised aigpigi/
Lkgl' E1\K
3
<LE<“LK“LE
<" < E
1K
:5'6'1 Y|i|'
:' J viq nkkc djakqjskq jgc ogcy|sqojd |kdvigs'
1' Og sei xqixjqjsokg kf Sqjgzyodopiq| dobi |ydxekgjd$ og micologi'
<' Og sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf lkqcosi'
LE<t BKE
LE<
“ L " E“LLd<
ttK
LE<t
LE<
“ L “ LLd<
%Ledkqiskgi/
tKE
E<
LCq' ELdL = K " E
1LELKLE
<
E<L “E
1K
E<L L = LE“LKLE<
E<L
E<L
L = LE“LKLE<
E<L
E<L LE
<
L=LE'LKLE=L
E<L LE
<
LE<
" K = L
LE<
“E1K
LE<
LE<LE
<
Mi|osd kuoci
3-mised xigs-<-igi-1-kgi
Xekqkgi
1$6-comised eixs-1$9-coigi-3-kgi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 38/171
16>
Lkmxjqo|kg kf Jdcieci jgc Biskgi'
Qijlsokg| LE<LEK LE
<LKLE
<
:' ose Fiedogn‟| novi| j qic cki| gks qijls'
|kdysokg' xqiloxosjsi
1' ose Skddig‟| novi| |odviq moqqkq' gk |odviq moqqkq'
qijnigs'
<' Kuocjsokg novi| jlisol jloc novi| jlisol jloc
~ose dk|| kf kgi
ljqakg jskm'
3' Qicylsokg ~ose isejgkd %xqomjq o|kxqkxd jdlkekd
GjAE3
jdlkekd/ %|ilkgcjq jdlkekd/
9' ^ose GE< |omxdi jccosokg fkqm| lkmxdiu
xqkcyls o| fkqmic' biskgol jmogi'
6' Okckfkqm fkqm| okckfkqm fkqm| okckfkqm
qijlsokg jgc fkqmol jloc' jgc jlisol jloc'
>' Xkdmiqo|jsokg fkqm| xjqjdcieci fkqm| lkgcig|jsokg
xqkcyls|'
5' ose \leoff‟| qijnigs' xogb lkdkyq gk xogb lkdkyq og
jxxijq| og lkdc' lkdc'
?' jqmogn ~ose j aqk~g qi|ogkg| gk qi|ogky| mj||'
GjKE mj||'
:5'> JQKMJSOL BISKGI\
OYXJL gjmi kf jliskxeigkgi jgc aigpkxeigkgi
Fkqmydj Lkmmkg gjmi OYXJL gjmi
LE<LKL
6E
9mised xeigd biskgi jliskxeigkgi
L6E
9LKL
6E
9coxeigd biskgi aigpkxeigkgi
Mised xeigd biskgi0 LE<LKL
6E
9
OYXJL gjmi 0 Jliskxeigkgi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 39/171
165
:5'>': JLISKXEIGKGI
Xqixjqjsokg
:' Fqoicid Lqjfs| jlisdjsokg kf aigpigi ~ose LE<LKLd + JdLd
<'
" LdLKLE<
" ELd
"Seo| o| jg idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg' Sei idilsqkxeodi LE
<LK
o| nigiqjsic a sei Di~o| jloc JdLd<
fqkm jlisd ledkqoci'
1' Cq co|soddjsokg kf ljdloym aigpkjsi ~ose ljdloym jlisjsi'
:5'>'1 Xqkxiqsoi|
Lkdkyqdi|| dozyoc$ |xjqognd |kdyadi og ~jsiq qijcod |kdyadi og isejgkd
jgc iseiq'
Leimoljd xqkxiqsoi| 0
:' Kuocjsokg 0
Jloc xiqmjgnjgjsi kuoco|i| jlisk xeigkgi sk aigpkol jloc'
%K/L6E9LKLE< L6E9LKLKKE L6E9LKKE"LK1
%Jliskxeigkgi/ Xeigd ndkujdol jloc aigpkol jloc
1' Qicylsokg 0 Qijnigs| dobi |kcoym jgc isejgkd$ |kcoym akqkecqoci$
doseoym jdymogoym ecqoci qicyli jliskxeigkgi sk xeigd mised ljqaogkd'
1%E/
%j/ L6E9LKLE< L6E9LEKELE<
%a/ Ldimmig|kg qicylsokg kq ^kdff-bo|egiq qicylsokg lkgviqs| jlisk
xeigkgi sk ised aigpigi'
3%E/L
6E
9LKLE
<L
6E
9LE
1LE
<" E
1K
E LKLE<JdLd
<
L6E
9LKK LKKLE
< ∆Lj " Lj LjLK<" L6E9LKLE<
L6E
9LKK LKKLE
<Jliskxeigkgi
%Ljdloym jlisjsi/ %Ljdloym jlisjsi/
Aigpigi
Jlisd ledkqoci
Jliskxeigkgi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 40/171
16?
Ejdknigjsokg 0
Js 1>< B aqkmogi og iseiq qijls| ~ose jliskxeigkgi sk fkqm xeigjld
aqkmoci'
Kgi κ-ecqknig o| qimkvic j| j xqkskg sk sei qimjogogn ljqajgokg$
aqkmogi jccosokg sjbi| xdjli'
L6E
9LKLE
1“E " Aq “ Aq L
6E
9LKLE
1Aq " EAq
Xeigjlidaqkmoci
J |mjdd jmkygs kf jgecqky| jdymogoym ledkqoci ljsjd|i| seo| qijlsokg'
Ejdkfkqm qijlsokg 0
Ailjy|i kf sei xqi|igli kf LE<LK- nqkyx os ygciqnki| ejdkfkqm
qijlsokg'
Ld1LE
<LKL
6E
9LELd
<" L
6E
9LKKGj
GjKE
Idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg 0
Jlisd nqkyx cijlsovjsi| sei aigpigi qogn jgc o| misj coqilsogn nqkyx'Gosqjsokg 0
m-gosqkjliskxeigkgi
:5'>'< Y|i|
:' Y|ic j| j exgksol %|diix ogcylogn/ a gjmi exgkgi
1' Og xiqfymjq'
:5'5 Aigpkxeigkgi 0
Coxeigd biskgi
LKLE<
LKLE<
GK1
EGK<
E1\K
3
Ktt
L6E9 “ L “ L6E9
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 41/171
1>8
:' A Fqoicid Lqjfs| qijlsokg 0 Aigpkdjsokg kf aigpigi sjbi| xdjli og
xqi|igli kf jgecqky| jdymogoym ledkqoci j| j ljsjd|s' Aigpkd ljsokg
%L6E
9LK"/ o| sei idilsqkxeodi'
1' A sei qijlsokg kf iuli|| kf aigpigi ~ose ljqakgd ledkqoci %xek|nigi/
og xqi|igli kf jgecqky| jdymogoym ledkqoci j| j ljsjd|s$ Aigpkd
ledkqoci mj ai fkqmic ogosojdd'
3%E/
L6E6 " Ld “ LK “ Ld " L6E6 L6E9LKL6E9
Aigpigi " Xek|nigi " Aigpigi Aigpkxeigkgi
Sey| ogvkdvi| s~k Fqoicid lqjfs‟| jldjsokg qijlsokg|'
<' A sei cq co|soddjsokg kf ljdloym aigpkjsi'
:5'5': Xqkxiqsoi|
:' Os o| j lkdkyqdi||$ |~iis |middogn |kdoc %m'xs' <1< B/'
1' Os o| og|kdyadi og ~jsiq ays |kdyadi og jdlkekd jgc iseiq'
<' Sekyne os novi| jdd qijlsokg| kf ljqakgd lkmxkygc$ os cki| gks fkqm
jccosokg xqkcyls ~ose |kcoym ao|ydxeosi ailjy|i kf |siqol eogcqjgli jgc
dk~iqic qijlsovos cyi sk sei xqi|igli kf s~k xeigd nqkyx|'
3' Kuocjsokg ~ose B1Lq
1K
>jgc lkg' E
1\K
3$ os novi| aigpkol jloc'
%K/L
6E
9LKL
6E
9L
6E
9LKKE
Aigpkxeigkgi Aigpkol jloc
jgec'
JdLd<" LdLKL
6E
9
LKL6E
9
" ELd
L6E
9LKK ∆
Lj
L6E9LKK Co|soddjsokg
%Ljdloym Aigpkjsi/
L6E
9LKL
6E
9" LjLK
<
Aigpkxeigkgi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 42/171
1>:
9' Qicylsokg ~ose |kcoym jmjdnjm jgc ~jsiq kq doseoym jdymogoym ecqoci$
coxeigd ljqaogkd o| fkqmic'
1%E/L
6E
9LKL
6E
9L
6E
9LEKEL
6E
9
Aigpkxeigkgi coxeigd ljqaogkd
Coxeigd ljqaogkd o| jd|k ljddic ―aigpecqkd‟' Qicylsokg ~soe pogl
jmjdnjm jgc lkg' ELd novi| Coxeigd misejgi'
3%E/
L6E9LKL6E9 L6E9LE1L6E9
Aigpkxeigkgi coxeigd misejgi
6' Kg fy|okg ~ose xksj||oym ecqkuoci$ os ygciqnki| co|xqkxkqsokgjsokg
qijlsokg'
K
tt
L6E
9“ L " K “ B L
6E
9LKKB " L
6E
6
t t Xksj|oym aigpkjsi Aigpigi
L6
E9
E
:5'5'1 Y|i| 0
Aigpkxeigkgi o| y|ic og xiqfymiq jgc og sei xqixjqjsokg kf aigpecqkd
cqkx jgc coxeigd misejgi'
\IDF IVJDYJSOKG
%J/ Lekk|i sei lkqqils jg|~iq 0
:' Sei lejog o|kmiq kf 1-mised xqkxjgjd o|
%j/ 1-aysjgkgi %a/ aysjgjd
%l/ 1-mised xqkxjgkd %c/ ays-<-igi-1-kd1' \leoff| qijnigs novi| xogb lkdkyq ~ose
%j/ jliskgi %a/ jlisjdcieci
%l/ ised jdlkekd %c/ mised jlisjsi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 43/171
1>1
<' O|kxqkxd jdlkekd vjxkyq| ~ose joq kviq |odviq ljsjd|s js 918 B novi
%j/ siqs'aysd jdlkekd %a/ jlisjdcieci
%l/ jliskgi %c/ 1-xqkxjgkd
3' Mised biskgi| jqi y|yjdd lejqjlsiqo|ic a
%j/ sei Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg %a/ sei okckfkqm si|s
%l/ sei \leoff‟| si|s %c/ sei Skddig‟| qijnigs
9' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn lkmxkygc| o| kuoco|ic sk novi ised mised
biskgi ;
%j/ 1-xqkxjgkd %a/ 1-xigsjgkgi
%l/ :-aysjgkd %c/ 1-aysjgkd
6' Fkqmjdcieci xkdmiqo|i| sk novi
%j/ xjqjdcieci %a/ xjqjfkqmjdcieci
%l/ fkqmjdog %c/ fkqmol jloc
>' Skddig‟| qijnigs o|
%j/ jmmkgojljd lyxqky| ledkqoci %a/ jmmkgojljd lyxqky| kuoci
%l/ jmmkgojljd |odviq gosqjsi %c/ jmmkgojljd |odviq ledkqoci
5' ^eig jlisjdcieci o| eijsic ~ose Fiedogn |kdysokg$ os novi| j xqiloxosjsi kf
%j/ Ly1K %a/ LyK %l/ LyK " Ly
1K %c/ Ly
?' Sei lkmxkygc sejs cki| gks ygciqnk Ljggoppjqk qijlsokg o|
%j/ fkqmjdcieci %a/ jlisjdcieci
%l/ aigpjdcieci %c/ sqomised jlisjdcieci
:8' Sei fkqmjsokg kf ljgkecqog fqkm j biskgi o| jg iujmxdi kf
%j/ idilsqkxeodol jccosokg %a/ gyldikxeodol jccosokg
%l/ gyldikxeodol |ya|sosysokg %c/ idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg
::' Ecqknigjsokg kf aigpkd ledkqoci og sei xqi|igli kf Xc kg Aj\K3
novi|
%j/ xeigkd %a/ aigpkol jloc
%l/ aigpd jdlkekd %c/ aigpjdcieci
:1' Fqkm ~eole kf sei fkddk~ogn$ siqsojq aysd jdlkekd o| kasjogic a sei
jlsokg kf mised mjngi|oym okcoci ;
%j/ ELEK %a/ LE<LEK %l/ LE
<LKLE
<%c/ LK
1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 44/171
1><
:<' Cyqogn qicylsokg kf jdcieci| ~ose ecqjpogi jgc L1E9KGj sei xqkcylsfkqmic o|
%j/ Q“LE = G“GE1
%a/ Q“L ≪ G%l/ Q “ L “ GE
1%c/ Q“LE
<ttK
:3' Jdckd o|
%j/ 1-ecqku aysjgkd %a/ <-ecqku aysjgkd
%l/ <-ecqku aysjgjd %c/ 1-ecqku aysjgjd
:9' Og sei qicylsokg kf jlisjdcieci y|ogn DoJdE3
sei ecqoci okg jls| j|
%j/ idilsqkxeodi %a/ gyldikxeodi%l/ akse %j/ jgc %a/ %c/ j fqii qjcoljd
:6' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn |sjsimigs o| ~qkgn ;
%j/ 1-xigsjgkgi jgc <-xigsjgkgi jqi xk|osokg o|kmiq|
%a/ jzyiky| |kdysokg kf fkqmjdcieci o| bgk~g j| fkqmjdog
%l/ jdcieci| jgc biskgi| ygciqnk gyldikxeodol |ya|sosysokg
%c/ jdcieci| jls j| qicylogn jnigs|
:>' J ljgkecqog kf j lkmxkygc U kg ecqkd|o| novi| djlsol jloc' Sei U
o|
%j/ ELEK %a/ LE<LEK %l/ %LE
</1
LK %c/ L6E
9LE
1LEK
:5' Sei OYXJL gjmi kf LE<
“ L = LE “ L “ LE<
o|
t tt
LE<
K
%j/ 3-misedxigs-<-ig-1-kgi %a/ 1-misedxigs-<-ig-1-kgi
%l/ <-mised xigs-1-ig-:-kgi %c/ Gkgi kf sei|i
:?' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn cki| gks novi okckfkqm si|s ;
%j/ jlisk xeigkgi %a/ aigpkxeigkgi
%l/ LE< “ LEKE %c/ LE< “ LE “ LE1 LE1 “ LE<t tLE
<KE
18' Sei lkmxkygc ~eole cki| gks qicyli Fiedogn |kdysokg o|
%j/ fkqmjdcieci %a/ jlisjdcieci
%l/ aigpjdcieci %c/ xqkxokgjdcieci
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 45/171
1>3
Lkgl' E1\K
3
1:' LE<LKLE
<Sei xqkcyls o|
%j/ mi|osdigi %a/ mi|osd kuoci
%l/ xekqkgi %c/ xjqjdcieci
11' ^eole lkmxkygc kg |sqkgn kuocjsokg novi| xqkxokgol jloc ;
%j/ LE<
“ LE “ LE<
%a/ LE<
“ LK “ LE<
t
KE
%l/ LE< %c/ LE< LE1 LE1 KEt
LE<
“ L “ KE
t
LE<
1<' Sei lkmxkygc y|ic og sei xqixjqjsokg kf sei sqjgzyodopiq$ |ydxekgjd o|
%j/ jliskgi %a/ jliskxeigkgi
%l/ o|kxqkxd jdlkekd %c/ ndlkd
co|soddjsokg13' Ljdloym jlisjsi " ljdloym aigpkjsi novi|
%j/ aigpkxeigkgi %a/ aigpjdcieci
%l/ jliskxeigkgi %c/ xeigd aigpkjsi
19' Ajbidosi o| j xqkcyls kf qijlsokg ais~iig
%j/ fkqmjdcieci jgc GjKE %a/ xeigkd jgc misejgjd
%l/ jgodogi jgc GjKE %c/ xeigkd jgc ledkqkfkqm
%A/ Jg|~iq og kgi kq s~k |igsigli| 0
:' Novi sei |sqylsyqjd fkqmydji kf
%j/ mi|osdigi %a/ xekqkgi jgc %l/ mi|osd kuoci
1' ^ejs o| Qk|igmygc‟| qicylsokg ; ejs o| sei xyqxk|i kf jccogn Aj\K3
og os ;
<' Gjmi kgi qijnigs y|ic sk co|sognyo|e jlisjdcieci jgc jliskgi'
3' Novi fkyq iujmxdi| kf ljqakgd lkmxkygc| ;
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 46/171
1>9
9' Cki| fkqmjdcieci ygciqnk jdckd lkgcig|jsokg ; @y|sof kyq jg|~iq'
6' ^ejs sxi kf jdcieci| ygciqnk Ljggoppjqk qijlsokg ;
>' ^ejs o| yqksqkxogi ; Novi os| y|i'
5' ^ejs ejxxig| ~eig ljdloym jlisjsi o| cq co|soddic ;
?' ^ejs o| fkqmjdog - ~qosi os| y|i'
:8' Isejgjd o| mkqi qijlsovi sk~jqc| gyldikxeodol jccosokg qijlsokg sejg
xqkxjgkgi' e ;
::' Ek~ o| jliskxeigkgi xqixjqic a Fqoicid-Lqjfs| misekc ;
:1' ^qosi j gksi kg ejdkfkqm qijlsokg'
:<' Ek~ ~odd ky lkgviqs jliskxeigkgi sk xeigjld aqkmoci ;
:3' Sekyne aigpkxeigkgi novi| jdd qijlsokg| kf ljqakgd lkmxkygc|$ os cki|
gks fkqm jccosokg xqkcyls ~ose GjE\K<
- novi qij|kg|'
:9' Jqqjgni sei fkddk~ogn og oglqij|ogn kqciq kf qijlsovos sk~jqc|
gyldikxeodol jccosokg' ELEK 2 LE<LEK jgc LE
<LKLE
<
:6' Xqicols sei fkqmydji kf sei xqkcyls| og sei fkddk~ogn qijlsokg|'
%o/ LE<LKLE
<" ELG
%oo/ L6E
9LKLE
<" GE
1KE
:>' Fkqmjdcieci jgc aigpjdcieci novi Ljggoppjqk qijlsokg ays
jlisjdcieci cki| gks - Jllkygs fkq seo|
:5' Novi s~k si|s| fkq jdcieci|'
:?' Migsokg sei ogcy|sqojd y|i| kf fkqmjdcieci'
18' Ek~ ~odd ky co|sognyo|e ais~iig fkqmjdcieci jgc jlisjdcieci'
%L/ Jg|~iq gks iuliicogn |ous ~kqc| 0
:' ^qosi jg seqii misekc| kf xqixjqogn fkqmjdcieci fqkm jdlkekd'
1' Ek~ cki| fkqmjdcieci qijls ~ose %o/ GE<$ %oo/ LE
<MnO fkddk~ic a
ecqkd|o| jgc %ooo/ GjKE'
<' Oddy|sqjsi sei qicylogn xqkxiqs kf jlisjdcieci ~ose iujmxdi|'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 47/171
1>6
3' Ek~ o| jliskgi lkgviqsic sk
%o/ mi|osdigi %a/ mi|osd kuoci$ %ooo/ xekqkgi jgc %ov/ o|kxqkxd jdlkekd'
9' ^qosi novogn leimoljd izyjsokg|$ j aqoif jllkygs kf sei fkddk~ogn 0
%o/ Qk|igmygc Qicylsokg$ %oo/ Ljggoppjqk qijlsokg
%ooo/ Ldimmig|kg qicylsokg$ jgc %ov/ Jdckd lkgcig|jsokg
6' Novi gyldikxeodol jccosokg qijlsokg kf jlisjdcieci ~ose %j/ GjE\K<$
jgc %a/ DoJdE3'
>' Co|ly|| jdckd lkgcig|jsokg'
5' Ek~ jqi sei fkddk~ogn lkgviq|okg| ljqqoic kys ;%o/ aigpjdcieci fqkm Skdyigi$ %oo/ jliskxeigkgi fqkm aigpigi$ jgc
%ooo/ aigpkog fqkm aigpjdcieci'
?' Co|sognyo|e jlisjdcieci fqkm jliskgi'
:8' ^qosi j gksi kg %o/ Xiqbog| qijlsokg$ jgc %oo/ Bgkivigjnjd qijlsokg'
::' Ek~ ~odd ky co|sognyo|e ais~iig fkqmjdcieci jgc jlisjdcieci'
:1' ^qosi sei coffiqigli| ais~iig jliskxeigkgi jgc aigpkxeigkgi'
:<' Ocigsof %A/$ %L/ jgc %C/
Ktt
DoJdE3
\KLd1
jdl'BKELE
<“ L “ LE
<%J/ %A/ %L/ %C/
Jliskgi
Jg|~iq| %A/ KE
t
LE<
“ LE “ LE<
0 O|kxqkxd jdlkekd
Ld
t
%L/ LE< “ LE “ LE< 0 O|kxqkxd ledkqoci
%C/ LE<
“ LE = LE1
0 xqkxdigi
:3' Ek~ ~odd ky |gsei|o|i jlisjdcieci fqkm fkqmjdcieci ;
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 48/171
1>>
Jg|~iq| 0 KLE
<MnAq B
1Lq
1K
>tt LE
<LE
1KE LE
<LEK
E “ L “ E E1K+E" E
1\K
3
fkqmjdcieci
ised jdlkekd jlisjdcieci
:9' Ek~ ~odd ky co|sognyo|e ais~iig 1-xigsjgkgi jgc <-xigsjgkgi'
Jg|~iq| 0 \ogli 1-xigsjgkgi lkgsjog| mised biskgi
os ygciqnki| okckfkqm si|s ~ose jg jdbjdogi |kdysokg kf okcogi jgc fkqm|
iddk~ xqiloxosjsi kf okckfkqm Ays-<-xigsjgkgi cki| gks novi seo| si|s'
K Ktt tt
LE<
“ LE1
“ LE1
“ L “ LE<
" 3 GjKE " < O1
LE<
LE1
“ LE1
“ L “ KGj
1-xigsjgkgi " LEO<
" <E1K " <GjO
Okckfkqm
%iddk~ xqiloxosjsi/
:6' Ek~ ~odd ky |gsei|o|i jliskgi fqkm jlisjdcieci ;
Jg|~iq|0 K KE Ktt
LE<MnO
tB
1Lq
1K
>
tt
LE<“ L “ E LE< “ LE “ LE< LE< “ L “ LE<jlisjdcieci o|kxqkxd E
1\K
3jliskgi
jdlkekd
:>' Novi sei OYXJL gjmi| kf
%o/ LE<
“ LE “ L “ LE “ KLE1
LE<
t tt t jgc
KLE<
K LE<
%oo/ LE<
“ LK “ LE “ LE1
“ LE1
“ Ld
tL1E
9
Jg|~iq| 0
%o/ 1-iseku-3-miseku-<-xigsjgkgi jgc
%oo/ <-ised-9-ledkqk-1-xigsjgkgi'
Ktt
%LE<“ L “/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 49/171
1>5
:5' Jg kqnjgol lkmxkygc$ L1E
3K novi| j qic xqiloxosjsi ~eig ~jqmic
~ose Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg' Os jd|k ygciqnki| jdckd lkgcig|jsokg og xqi|igli
kf jdbjdo'
%o/ ^qosi OYXJL gjmi kf sei lkmxkygc'
%oo/ ejs o| sei eaqocopjsokg kf ljqakg jskm| og sei lkmxkygc ;
%ooo/ qosi izyjsokg fkq sei qijlsokg'
Jg|~iq| 0 %o/ Isejgjd
%oo/ |x1 jgc
%ooo/ LE<LEK " 1Ly1" " <KE“ LE
<LKK“ " 1Ly" " 1E
1K
GjKELE
<LEK " LE
<LEK
:?' ^qosi sei |sqylsyqjd fkqmydj kf sei mjog xqkcyls fkqmic ~eig 2 %o/ Sei
lkmxkygc kasjogic a ecqjsokg kf isegi o| sqijsic ~ose codysi jdbjdo'
%oo/ Misejgjd qijls| ~ose jmmkgoj'
En1" KE“
Jg|~iq|0 %o/ EL≪LE " E1K LE<LEK LE<“ LE “ LE1 “ LEK
Isegi Isejgjd t
KE
jdckd
%oo/ 6LE1K " 3GE
<%LE
1/6
G3
" 6E1K
18' Ek~ ~odd ky |gsei|o|i 1-aysjgkgi fqkm ised jdlkekd ;
Ldyi 0 \six| jqi %o/ \KLd1
%oo/ Mn+iseiq %ooo/ LE<LEK$ %ov/ E
1K+E"
jgc %v/ Gj1Lq1K> + E1\K3'
1:' ^ejs ejxxig| ~eig sei fkddk~ogn jdlkekd vjxkyq| jqi xj||ic kviq eijsic
lkxxiq ; %j/ g-aysd jdlkekd$ %a/ o|kaysd jdlkekd$ %l/ 1-aysjgkd jgc
%c/ 1-mised-1-xqkxjgkd'
Et
E<L “ L“ LE
1“LEK
tKE
jdckd
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 50/171
1>?
11' Ek~ ljg sei fkddk~ogn lkgviq|okg| ai iffilsic ;
%j/ LE<LKLd LE
<LEK
%a/ LE<LKLd LE
<LKLE
<
%l/ LE<LG LE
<LEK
%c/ LE<LG LE
<LE
1KE
1<' eole lkmxkygc| kg Ldimmig|kg qicylsokg novi %j/ 1-mised xqkxjgi$
%a/ ised aigpigi$ %l/ xqkxjgi jgc %c/ coxeigd misejgi'
13' ^ejs ejxxig| ~eig sei fkddk~ogn lkmxkygc| jqi sqijsic ~ose codysi
GjKE |kdysokg og lkdc ;
%j/ xqkxjgjd$ %a/ %LE</<L-LEK$ %l/ mousyqi kf %LE
</<
LLEK jgc
jliskgi'
19' Ocigsof sei jskm| sejs ej| ygciqnkgi lejgni og eaqoco|jsokg og sei
fkddk~ogn qijlsokg|'
%j/ LE<
LEK " ELG LE<LKKE
%a/ LE<L ≪ G LE
<LE
1LE
<
%l/ LE<LKLE< LE<LE1LE<
%c/ LE ≪ LE LE1
= LE1
16' Cqj~ qi|kgjgli |sqylsyqi| fkq sei fkddk~ogn 0
%j/ LE<LKK“$ %a/ LE
<LKGE
1$ %l/ L
6E
9LEK$ %c/ L
6E
9LKK“
1>' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn xjoq| o| mkqi qi|kgjgli |sjaodo|ic ;
%j/ L6E
9LEK jgc L
6E
:<LEK
%a/ LE<LKLE
<jgc LE
<LKL
6E
9$
%l/ x-ecqku aigpjdcieci jgc m-ecqku aigpjdcieci$
%c/ L6E9LE1KE jgc LE<“L6E3“KE %xjqj/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 51/171
158
\YMMJQ_ 0
Fyglsokgjd nqkyx kf jdcieci jgc biskgi'
\sqylsyqi$ o|kmiqo|m ogvkdvic jgc gkmigldjsyqi - lkmmkg gjmi jgc
OYXJL gjmi'
Xqixjqjsokg - a sei kuocjsokg kq ciecqknigjsokg kf jdlkekd| kpkgkd|o|
kf kdifog|$ ecqjsokg kf jdbgi|$ ljsjdsol qicylsokg kf jloc ledkqoci$ co|soddjsokg
kf ljdloym |jds kf fjss jloc jgc ecqkd|o| kf nim coejdoci'
Xqkxiqsoi| - Eoneiq akodogn xkogs kf xkdjq mkdilydi| sejg ecqk ljqakg|
- ljqakg kf sei ljqakgd nqkyx o| sei |osi kf gyldikxeodol jssjlb - Mk|s kf seijccosokg qijlsokg| - gyldikxeodol - jccosokg xqkcyls idomogjsi| ~jsiq fkqmogn
lkgcig|jsokg xqkcyls' Qijlsokg| ~ose GjE\K<$ ELG$ GE
<$ QMnU$
GE1KE$ L
6E
9GEGE
1$ GE
1GELKGE
1$ qicylsokg| ~ose GjAE
3$ DoJdE
3$
jd|k gyldikxeodol og gjsyqi$ sejs novi jdlkekd|'
\kmi qicylsokg| - Pg+En+ELd kq eijsogn ~ose G1E
3 +GjKL
1E
9- novi|
ecqkljqakg'
Modc kuoco|ogn jnigs| dobi Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg$ Skddig‟| qijnigs - kuoco|i
jdcieci| sk mkgk ljqakudol jloc|' Biskgi| qizyoqi mkqi xk~iqfyd kuoco|ogn
jnigs| dobi jlocofoic B1Lq
1K
>kq BMgK
3og ~eole ljqakg-ljqakg akgc o|
ldijvic sk novi ljqakudol jloc| ejvogn di||iq gymaiq kf ljqakg jskm|'
Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| ejvogn κ-ecqknig jskm fkqm ljqajgokg| og
xqi|igli kf aj|i' Sei|i sjbi xjqs og lkgcig|jsokg qijlsokg| ~ose kseiq
ljqakgd lkmxkygc|' Jdcieci| jgc biskgi| ejvogn LE<LK- nqkyx ygciqnk
ejdkfkqm qijlsokg'
Fkqmjdcieci ygciqnki| lkgcig|jsokg ~ose Jmmkgoj sk fkqm
yqksqkxogi jgc xeigkd sk fkqm Ajbidosi'
Jliskgi jgc jlisjdcieci ygciqnk jdckd lkgcig|jsokg ~eodi
fkqmjdcieci ygciqnki| Ljggopjqk qijlsokg'Co|soglsokg ais~iig fkqmjdcieci jgc jlisjdcieci jgc jlisjdcieci
jgc jliskgi'
\sqylsyqi jgc gkmigldjsyqi kf jqkmjsol jdcieci| - xqixjqjsokg jgc
xqkxiqsoi| - Qijlsovos kf ljqakgd nqkyx - cilqij|ic a aigpigi qogn'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 52/171
15:
Ja|igli kf κ-ecqknig - ljggks fkqm ljqajgokg' Ays ljqajgokg fkqmic
fqkm kseiq ljqakgd lkmxkygc| jssjlb sei ljqakgd nqkyx kf aigpjdcieci'
Eigli os sjbi| xjqs og jdd sei gyldikxeodol jccosokg qijlsokg| jgc lkgcig|jsokg
qijlsokg|'
Og jccosokg os ygciqnki| jqkmjsol idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg|'
Sei aigpigi qogn - cijlsovjsic jgc misj-xqkcyls| fkqmic'
Co|soglsokg ais~iig jdoxejsol jgc jqkmjsol jdcieci|'
Jqkmjsol biskgi| - jliskxeigkgi jgc aigpkxeigkgi$ xqixjqjsokg -
Fqoicid Lqjfs| jldjsokg'Xqkxiqsoi| - Qi|imadjgli kf jliskxeigkgi ~ose jliskgi' Aigpkxeigkgi
- dij|s qijlsovi - ja|igli kf κ-ecqknig - y|i|'
Gjmi qijlsokg|
Qk|igmygc qicylsokg
Ldimmig|kg qicylsokg
^kdff-bo|egiq qicylsokg
Jdckd lkgcig|jsokg
Ljggopjqk qijlsokg
Fiedogn‟| si|sSkddig‟| si|s
Ldjo|ig lkgcig|jsokg
Xiqbog| qijlsokg
Bgkivigjnid qijlsokg
Aigpkog lkgcig|jsokg
Fqoicid Lqjfs| jldjsokg
QIFIQIGLI\ 0
:' Kqnjgol Leimo|sq a Fogjq %Vkd' O/
1' Sius akkb kf Kqnjgol Leimo|sq a X'D' \kgo'
<' Sius akkb kf Kqnjgol Leimo|sq a Lqjm$ Ejmmkgc & Eigcqolb|kg
[[[[[[
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 53/171
151
:?' LJQAKU_DOL JLOC\
DIJQGOGN KA@ILSOVI\
H Sk bgk~ jakys ljqakudol jloc| jgc seioq ciqovjsovi|'
:?': LJQAKU_DOL JLOC\
Kqnjgol lkmxkygc| lkgsjogogn sei ljqakud nqkyx$ jqi
ljddic ljqakudol jloc|' Sei jloc mj ai mkgkljqakudol jloc$ of os lkgsjog|kgi “LKKE nqkyx 2 j coljqakudol jloc of os lkgsjog| s~k “LKKE nqkyx| 2
j sqoljqakudol jloc of os lkgsjog| seqii “LKKE nqkyx| isl'
Sei jdoxejsol mkgk ljqakudol jloc| jqi ljddic fjss jloc| jgc sei eoneiq
mimaiq| dobi \sijqol jloc %L:>
E<9
LKKE/$ xjdmosol jloc %L:9
E<:
LKKE/$
kdiol jloc %L:6
E<<
LKKE/ isl'$ kllyq j| ndliqoci| og kod| jgc fjs|'
Gkmigldjsyqi 0
%j/ Sqovojd ||sim 0
Sei gjmi| kf dk~iq mimaiq| jqi ciqovic fqkm sei |kyqli kf ogcovocyjdjloc|'
Fkqmydj \kyqli Sqovojd gjmi
ELKKE Qic jgs %fkqmolj/ fkqmol jloc
LE<LKKE Voginjq %jlisym/ jlisol jloc
L<E
>LKKE Ayssiq %Aysqym/ aysqol jloc
L3E
?LKKE Qkks kf vjdjqokg xdjgs vjdiqol jloc
L::
E1<
LKKE Djyqid kod djyqol jloc
Og lj|i kf |ya|sosysic jloc| sei xk|osokg kf sei |ya|sosyigs o| qixqi|igsica κ$ α$ μ$ γ isl' Sey|
μ α κLE
<“ LE “ LE
1“ LKKE
tLE
<α-mised aysqol jloc
K
– L
KE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 54/171
15<
Ciqovic gjmi| 0
\kmisomi| fjss jloc| jqi gjmic j| jdbd ciqovjsovi| kf jlisol jloc'
%i'n'$/ MiLE1LKKE Mised jlisol jloc
Mi1LELKKE Comised jlisol jloc
Mi1LE'LE
1LKKE O|kxqkxd jlisol jloc
OYXJL gjmi| 0
Jloc| jqi gjmic jfsiq sei jdbjgi a qixdjlogn sei igcogn ―i‟ a ― kol‟
jloc'
ELKKE Misejgkol jloc
LE<LKKE Isejgkol jloc
LE<LE
1LKKE Xqkxjgkol jloc
LE<LE
1LE
1LKKE Aysjgkol jloc
LE<LE
1LE
1LE
1LKKE Xigsjgkol jloc
Og lj|i kf |ya|sosysic jloc sei dkgni|s ljqakg lejog ogldycogn sei ljqakud
nqkyx o| sjbig j| sei xjqigs lejog'
Xk|osokg kf sei |ya|sosyigs o| ogcoljsic a ioseiq :$ 1$ <$ isl'$ %kq/ κ$ α$κ$ α$κ$ α$κ$ α$κ$ α$μ μ μ μ μ $ '''
^eig os o| ckgi a gymaiq| sei ljqakg kf sei ljqakud nqkyx o| gymaiqic
j| %:/ ~eig os o| ckgi a Nqiib dissiq| sei ljqakg gius sk sei “LKKE nqkyx
o| ci|ongjsic j| ―κκκκκ‟'
LE<
3 < 1 t :
LE< “ LE1 “ LE “ LKKE
μ α κ
1-mised aysjgkol jloc %OYXJL/
κ-mised aysqol jloc %Lkmmkg/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 55/171
153
O|kmiqo|m 0
:' Lejog o|kmiqo|m 0
Seo| jqo|i| cyi sk sei coffiqigli og sei ljqakg lejog kf jdbd nqkyx
jssjleic sk ljqakud nqkyx'LE
<t
LE<
LE1
LE1
LE1
LKKE LE<
“ LE “ LE1
LKKE
%xigsjgkol jloc/ %<-mised aysjgkol jloc/
1' Fyglsokgjd o|kmiqo|m 0
Ljqakudol jloc| mj ai fyglsokgjd o|kmiq| kf i|siq|'
LE<
LE1
LKKE jgc LE<
LKKLE<
ELKKL1E
9xqkxjgkol jloc mised jlisjsi ised fkqmjsi
:?'1 Xqixjqjsokg kf mkgkljqakudol jloc| 0
:' Kuocjsokg 0 Ljqakudol jloc| jqi xqixjqic a sei kuocjsokg kf jdlkekd|$
jdcieci| kq biskgi| ~ose B1Lq
1K
>jgc E
1\K
3' Xqomjq jdlkekd o| foq|s
kuoco|ic sk jdcieci jgc seig sk ljqakudol jloc' Kg sei kseiqejgc
|ilkgcjq jdlkekd| jqi foq|s kuoco|ic sk biskgi jgc seig sk jloc ~ose
di||iq gymaiq kf ljqakg jskm|'
%K/ %K/QLE
1KE QLEK QLKKE
Q%K/
Q%K/
LEKE L = K QLKKE
Q Q
%K/ %K/%o/ LE
<LE
1KE LE
<LEK LE
<LKKE
ised jdlkekd jlisjdcieci jlisol jloc
%oo/ LE< %K/
LE<
%K/
LEKE L = K LE<LKKE " LK
1
LE<
LE<
O|kxqkxd jdlkekd jliskgi
jlisol jloc
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 56/171
159
1' Ecqkd|o| misekc| 0
%j/ Ecqkd|o| kf ljgoci|$ jmoci| jgc i|siq| 0 Jdbd ljgoci|$ jmoci|$
i|siq| jqi ecqkd|ic ~ose jzyiky| jloc kq jdbjdo sk novi ljqakudol jloc'
%o/ Q “ L ≪ G Q “ L “ GE1
E1K
K “ E1
tt QLKKEK
jdbd ljgoci jmoci
LE<
“ L ≪ GE
1K
LE<
“ L “ GE1 E
1K
mised ljgoci t t LE<LKKE " GE<
Kjlisjmoci
E1K E
1K
E “ L ≪ G E “ L = K E “ L “ KE " GE<
Ecqknig ljgoci t tt
GE1
KFkqmjmoci
%oo/ Ktt E
1K
Q “ L “ GE1
QLKKE " GE<
EK “ EIujmxdi$
K Ktt E
1K tt
LE< “ L “ GE1 LE< “ L “ KE " GE<
jlisjmoci
%ooo/ K Ktt
E" kq KE“ tt
Q “ L “ KLE<
Q “ L “ KE " LE<KE
i|siq "
EK “ E
Iujmxdi$
K K
ttEKE
tt
LE<
“ L “ KLE<
LE<
“ L “ KE " LE<KE
mised jlisjsi E" kq KE“ jlisol jloc
%jloc kq jdbjdogi ecqkd|o|/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 57/171
156
%a/ Ecqkd|o| kf sqoejdoci| 0 A sei ecqkd|o| kf sqoejdoci| lkgsjogogn
seqii ejdknig jskm| jssjleic sk sei |jmi ljqakg jskm$ ljqakudol jloc| jqi
fkqmic'
U<BKE
KE“E
1K
Q “ L “ U Q “ L “ KE Q “ L = K
U KE t
yg|sjadi KE
<BKEKE
“E1KLE
<“ LLd
<LE
<“ L “ KE LE
<“ L = K
sqoledkqk isejgi KE tKE
<' Fqkm Nqongjqc qijnigs 0
K Ktt
"E1K
tt KE
QMnO " LK1
Q “ L “ KMnO Q“L“KE " Mn
O
Mised mjngi|oym okcoci ~ose ljqakgcokuoci novi| jlisol jloc'
K Ktt E1K tt KE
LE<MnO " LK
1LE
<“ L “ KMnO LE
<“ L “ KE " Mn
O
Fkqmol jloc ljggks ai xqixjqic a Nqongjqc qijnigs |ogli sei jloc
lkgsjog| kgd kgi ljqakg jskm'
Xqixjqjsokg kf fkqmol jloc
3' Fqkm LE<KE kq ELEK
A sei kuocjsokg kf mised jdlkekd kq fkqmjdcieci ~ose B1
Lq1
K>
+E1
\K3
'
<%K/LE
<KE ELKKE
%K/ELEK ELKKE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 58/171
15>
9' Fqkm ndliqkd
A eijsogn ndliqkd ~ose kujdol jloc js <>< B “ <5< B
LE1
“ KEt " EK “ L = K ∆LEKE tt LKKE <5< B
LE1KE
Ktt
LE1
“ K “ L“E
tE
1K
LE1KELEKE tt LEKE " ELKKELE
1KE t fkqmol jloc
LE1KE
ndliqkd mkgkfkqmjsi
:?'1': Xqkxiqsoi|
:' Dk~iq mimaiq| jqi xdij|jgs |middogn dozyoc| ~ose eoneiq akodogn xkogs|'
Sei eoneiq mimaiq| jqi ~ju |kdoc|' Sei eoneiq akodogn xkogs| jqi
iuxdjogic kg sei aj|o| kf j||klojsokg a ecqknig akgcogn'
K E “ K
Q “ L L “ Q
K “ E K
1' Sei foq|s fi~ mimaiq| jqi eoned |kdyadi og ~jsiq jgc eoneiq mimaiq|
jqi og|kdyadi' Seo| ljg jd|k ai iuxdjogic kg sei aj|o| kf ecqknig akgcogn
ais~iig jloc| jgc ~jsiq' ose eoneiq mimaiq| sei |opi kf sei jdbd nqkyx
o| oglqij|ic ~eole qixid| sei ecqkxeodol nqkyx|'
Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi| 0
:' Fjss jloc| qijls ~ose jdbjdoi| sk fkqm |jds jgc ~jsiq jgc doaiqjsi| LK1
~ose ljqakgjsi| %|sqkgniq sejg ljqakgol jloc/'
LE<LKKE " GjKE LE
<LKKGj " E
1K
%|kcoym jlisjsi |jds/
LE1
“ K “ LK “LKKE
t“LK
1LEKE
t
LE1KE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 59/171
155
1 ELKKE " 1Gj1LK
<1 ELKKGj " E
1K " LK
1%|kcoym fkqmjsi/
1' Sei doaiqjsi ecqknig$ ~eig qijls ~ose idilsqkxk|osovi misjd| dobi pogl
kq mjngi|oym'
1LE<LKKE " Pg %LE
<LKK/
1Pg " E
1
%pogl jlisjsi/
1ELKKE " Mn %ELKK/1
Mn " E1
%mjngi|oym fkqmjsi/
<' Qijlsokg ogvkdvogn - ecqkud nqkyx 0 ljqakudol jloc qijls| ~osejdlkekd| og xqi|igli kf mogiqjd jloc j| ljsjd|s jgc fkqm| i|siq|' Seo|
qijlsokg o| ljddic i|siqofoljsokg'
E"
LE<LKKE " L
1E
9KE LE
<LKKL
1E
9" E
1K
%ised jlisjsi/
E"
ELKKE " LE<KE ELKKLE
<" E
1K
%mised fkqmjsi/
Milejgo|m kf i|siqofoljsokg
Xqkskgjsokg kf sei “KE nqkyx kf sei jloc$ igejgli| sei gyldikxeodol
jssjlb a jdlkekd sk novi sei i|siq'
\six :' Xqkskgjsokg kf ljqakudol jloc
E""
E
LE<
“ LK “ KE LE<
LK “ K
E
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 60/171
15?
\six 1' Jssjlb a gyldikxeodi'
“E" + “E
1
K
KL1E
9t
LE< “ L
tt
K
3' Ciecqjsokg
Iulixs fkqmol jloc kseiq| ygciqnk ogsiqmkdilydjq ciecqjsokg kg eijsogn
~ose X1K
9fkqmogn jgecqoci'
LE<
“ LK “ K E X1
K9
LE<
“ LK
" K
LE<
LK KE∆
LE<
“ LK
%Jlisol jgecqoci/
ELKKE kg ciecqjsokg fkqm| ljqakg mkgkuoci'
ELkg' E
1\K
3L = K E1K " LK
EK9' ^ose xek|xekqky| xigsjledkqoci kq seokgd ledkqoci'
%o/ Jloc ledkqoci o| fkqmic'
K Ktt tt
LE<
“ L “ K “ E LE<
“ L " XKLd<
" ELd
t
Ld “ XLd<
“ Ld Ldjlisol jloc %jlisd ledkqoci/
E" ''
LE<
“ LK “ K L1E
9KE
E
E
t"
K “ L1E
9Et
"LE
<“ L “ K
tE
K
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 61/171
1?8
%oo/ Fkqmol jloc fkqm| fkqmd ledkqoci'
Fkqmd ledkqoci aiogn yg|sjadi cilkmxk|i| sk ljqakg mkgkuoci jgc
ecqknig ledkqoci'
K
tt
E “ L “ K “ E E “ L = K " XKLd<
" ELd
t
Ld “ XLd<
“ Ld Ld
fkqmd ledkqoci
E “ L = K ELd " LK
Ld
Sei ljqakud nqkyx o| ogvkdvic og qi|kgjgli'
K K%“/
“L “L
K K%“/
Eigli qijlsokg| lejqjlsiqo|sol kf 7L=K o| jdmk|s ja|igs ~ose jloc|'Sei ck gks fkqm jccosokg xqkcyls ~ose ELG$ G
1E
3isl'
6' Qicylsokg
%o/ Ljqakudol jloc nqkyx o| gks qicylic ij|od' Ays os o| qicylic sk xqomjq
jdlkekdol nqkyx a DoJdE3
kq E1 +Qy ygciq xqi||yqi' Seo| qijlsokg ~kqb|
ygciq eoneiq xqi||yqi'
E1 +Qy-xqi||yqi
Q “ L “ KE Q “ LE1
“ KE
ttkq
K DoJdE3
%oo/ Eijsogn ~ose EO+X lkgviqs| sei ljqakudol jloc sk jdbjgi'
EO+XLE
<LKKE LE
<“ LE
<∆
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 62/171
1?:
>' Ciljqakudjsokg 0^eig jgecqky| |kcoym |jds kf ljqakudol jloc| jqi
eijsic ~ose |kcjdomi$ ljqakud nqkyx o| qimkvic ~ose sei fkqmjsokg kf
ecqkljqakg lkgsjogogn kgi ljqakg jskm di||'
GjKE+LjKQLKKGj QE " Gj
1LK
<∆%Ecqkljqakg/
GjKE+LjK
LE<LKKGj LE
3" Gj
1LK
<
|kcoym jlisjsi misejgi
Fkqmol jloc nis| ciljqakudjsic kg eijsogn'
E:68kL
L = K E1
" LK1
EK
E" Q K%“/
L QE " LK1
Kjdbjgi
Ljqakudjsi jgokg
5' Ejdknigjsokg 0
%o/ Fjss jloc| ejvognκ-ecqknig jskm|$ ljg ailkgviqsicsk κκκκκ-ejdk jloc|
a ejdknig og xqi|igli kf ejdknig ljqqoiq dobi qic xek|xekqky|'
Aq1 +X
LE<LE
1LKKE LE
<LEAq LKKE LE
<LAq
1LKKE
xqkxokgol jloc κ-aqkmk xqkxokgol jloc κ$ κ$ co aqkmkxqkxokgol jloc
%oo/ EVP - qijlsokg 0 ^eig sei ejdknigjsokg o| ljqqoic kys ~ose ejdknig
jgc xek|xekqky| sqoejdoci$ seo| qijlsokg o| bgk~g j| Eidd-VkdejqcPidog|b qijlsokg' %EVP-qijlsokg/'
Aq1 +XAq
<E
1K
QLE1LKKE QLE
1LKAq QLEAqLKAq QLEAqLKKE
?' Qijlsokg| ~ose jmmkgoj 0 Ljqakudol jloc qijls| ~ose GE<
sk fkqm
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 63/171
1?1
jmmkgoym |jds ~eole kg eijsogn ygciqnki| ciecqjsokg sk jmoci|$
ydsomjsid jdbd ljgoci qi|yds|'
“E1K X
1K
9QLKKE " GE
<QLKKGE
3QLKGE
1QLG
%Jmmkgoym \jds/ ∆ %Jmoci/ “E1K %Ljgoci/
∆ELKKE " GE
<ELKKGE
3ELKGE
1
%Jmmkgoym fkqmjsi/ “E1K %Fkqmjmoci/
:8' Bkdai‟| idilsqkdsol qijlsokg 0 Idilsqkd|o| kf lkgligsqjsic jzyiky|
|kdysokg kf |kcoym |jds kf jloc| novi| ecqkljqakg'
Idilsqkd|o|
LE<
“ LKK “ Gj LE<
t " 1LK1
" 1GjLE
<“ LKK “ Gj LE
<|kcoym
isejgi
Ygciq seo| lkgcosokg Fkqmol jloc novi| ecqknig'
::' Cq co|soddjsokg kf ljdloym |jds kf fjss jloc|'
Ljdloym jlisjsi kg cq co|soddjsokg novi| jliskgi'
LE< “ LKK Lj LE<LKLE
<" LjLK
<
LE<
“ LKK∆
jliskgi
Ljdloym jlisjsi
:1' Qicylogn xqkxiqs
Fkqmol jloc o| ygozyi ailjy|i os lkgsjog| akse jg jdcieci nqkyx jgc
ljqakud nqkyx jd|k' Eigli os ljg jls j| j qicylogn jnigs' Os qicyli|
Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg$ Skddig| qijnigs jgc cilkdkyqo|i| xogb lkdkyqic BMgK3
|kdysokg'K K
tt ttE “ L “ KE E “ L “ KE
Og jdd lj|i| fkqmol jloc o| kuoco|ic sk LK1
jgc ~jsiq'
E
L = K " %K/ E1K " LK
1
EK
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 64/171
1?<
%j/ Fkqmol jloc qicyli| jmmkgojljd |odviq gosqjsi |kdysokg %Skddig‟| qijnigs/
sk misjddol |odviq'
ELKKE " Jn1K E
1K " LK
1" 1Jn↜ %misjddol |odviq/
%a/ Fkqmol jloc qicyli| Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg' Os qicyli| adyi lkdkyqic lyxqol
okg| sk qic lkdkyqic lyxqky| okg|'
ELKK“ " 1Ly1" " 9KE“ LK<
1“ " Ly1K " <E
1K
%adyi/ %qic/
%l/ Kg sei kseiqejgc ~eig |kcoym fkqmjsi o| eijsic sk <68kL os cilkmxk|i|
sk ecqknig jgc |kcoym kujdjsi'
<68kLE “ LKKGj E
1" LKKGj
∆ t
E “ LKKGj LKKGj
\kcoym fkqmjsi \kcoym kujdjsi
Xqkadim| fkq Xqjlsoli
Fkqmol jloc novi| j qic xqiloxosjsi ~eig eijsic ~ose Fiedogn |kdysokg
ays jlisol jloc cki| gks - qij|kg kys'
Jg|~iq'
Fkqmol jloc ej|E
L = K nqkyx jg jdcieci nqkyx ays jlisol jloc
ej| gk jdciecol nqkyx' Eigli fkqmol jloc qicyli| - Fiedogn‟| |kdysokg'
:?'1'1 Y|i| kf fkqmol jloc
%j/ Og Siusodi Ogcy|sq fkq xqixjqogn ――mkqcjgs|‟‟'
%a/ Og dijseiq sjggogn fkq qimkvogn domi fqkm sei eoci|'
%l/ Og lkjnydjsogn qyaaiq djsiu'
%c/ Golbid fkqmjsi j| ecqknigjsokg ljsjd|s'
%i/ J| j |somydjgs fkq sei nqk~se kf ij|s'
%f/ J| jg jgso|ixsol jgc og xqi|iqvjsokg kf fqyos|'
%n/ Og sei sqijsmigs kf nkys'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 65/171
1?3
:?'1'< Si|s| fkq ljqakudol jloc
:' Jzyiky| |kdysokg kf ljqakudol jloc| syqg adyi dosmy| ogsk qic lkdkyq'
1' Ljqakudol jloc| noviaqo|b iffiqvi|ligli ~ose |kcoym ao-ljqakgjsi cyi
sk sei ivkdysokg kf ljqakg-co-kuoci'
<' Kg ~jqmogn ljqakudol jloc| ~ose jdlkekd jgc lkgligsqjsic |ydxeyqol
jloc os fkqm| i|siq ~eole o| ocigsofoic fqkm os| fqyos kckyq'
:?'< Mkgkecqku ljqakudol jloc|
LE<LE%KE/ LKKE LE
1%KE/LE
1LKKE
κ-ecqku xqkxokgol jloc α-ecqku xqkxokgol jloc
%kq/ djlsol jloc
:?'<': Djlsol jloc
Djlsol jloc o| sei mjog lkg|sosyigs kf modb sejs ej| nkgi |kyq'
Gjsyqjd \kyqli 0 Xqyvol jloc o| sei xqilyq|kq og kqnjgo|m' Os o| jd|k
xqi|igs og nj|sqol yoli$ lylymaiq|$ kq kxoym'
:?'<'1 Mjgyfjlsyqi
Ogcy|sqojdd os o| mjci a sei Fiqmigsjsokg kf |kdysokg kf ljgi |ynjq %kq/ndylk|i'
%j/ Sk j codysi |kdysokg kf ljgi |ynjq %kq/ ndylk|i %kq/ mjdsk|i j dossdi kf
|kyq modb %kq/ ciljic leii|i o| jccic' Simxiqjsyqi o| mjogsjogic js
38 “ 39k L fkq |ou cj|' Sei Ajloddy| jloco djlso aqogn| fkqse fiqmigsjsokg'
Mised ndkujd fkqm| j| ogsiqmicojsi lkmxkygc' Jloc o| qimkvic a sei
jccosokg kf LjLK<
~eole xqiloxosjsi| ljdloym djlsjsi' Os o| fodsiqic jgc
cilkmxk|ic ~ose codysi |ydxeyqol jloc' Sei fodsiqjsi o| co|soddic ygciq qicylic
xqi||yqi'
E1KL:1E11K:: L6E:1K6 " L6E:1K6
ljgi |ynjq %ndylk|i/ %fqylsk|i/
AJDL
6E
:1K
61LE
<LKLEK 1LE
<LEKELKKE
Mised ndkujd Djlsol jloc
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 66/171
1?9
%a/ \gsei|o| fqkm jlisdigi
Jlisdigi o| xqixjqic a |sqobogn jg idilsqol jql y|ogn ljqakg idilsqkci|
og jg jskm|xeiqi kf ecqknig' Seo| o| xj||ic seqkyne codysi |ydxeyqol jloc
lkgsjogogn miqlyqol okg ljsjd|s' Jlisjdcieci o| fkqmic' Os o| lkgviqsic sk
ljgkecqog kg sqijsmigs ~ose ELG$ ~eole o| seig ecqkd|ic sk nis djlsol
jloc'
idilsqol cod' E1\K3 ELG1L " E
1LE≪LE LE
<LEK
Jql :)En
58
cod' ELdLE
<LE%KE/LG LE
<LE%KE/LKKE
%jlisjdcieci ljgk ecqog/ djlsol jloc
%l/ Fqkm xqkxigi 0
Xqkxigi o| sqijsic ~ose ledkqogi sk nis :$1-coledkqkxqkxjgi' Seo| kg
sqijsmigs ~ose jzyiky| jdbjdo |kdysokg novi| xqkxjgi :$1-cokd' Seo| kg
kuocjsokg ~ose modc kuoco|ogn jnigs$ novi| djlsol jloc'
Ld1
cod+GjKE
LE<LE = LE1 LE<LELd “ LE1Ld LE<LE%KE/LE1KExqkxdigi :$1-coledkqk xqkxjgi xqkxjgi :$1-cokd
%K/LE
<LE%KE/LKKE
djlsol jloc
%c/ Ecqkd|o| kf κκκκκ-aqkmk xqkxokgol jloc 0
Ecqkd|o| kf κ-aqkmk xqkxokgol jloc y|ogn mko|s Jn1K novi| djlsol
jloc'
Jn1K1LE
<LE%Aq/LKKE 1LE
<LE%KE/LKKE
κ-aqkmk xqkxokgol jlocE
1
Kdjlsoli jloc
Xqkxiqsoi| 0
Lkdkyqdi|| |qyx dozyoc$ enqk|lkxol jgc iusqimid |kdyadi og ~jsiq'
Leimoljd xqkxiqsoi| 0
Qijlsokg| lejqjlsiqo|sol kf akse “KE jgc “LKKE nqkyx'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 67/171
1?6
:' Kuocjsokg 0
%o/ Modc kuoco|ogn jnigs dobi Figskg‟| qijnigs Fi1" +E1K
1fkqm| xqyvol
jloc ~ose djlsol jloc
%K/LE
<LE%KE/LKKE LE
<LKLKKE
Djlsol jloc E1K
1 +Fi1" Xqyvol jloc
%oo/ ^ose codysi jlocofoic xiqmjgnjgjsi os cilkmxk|i| fkqmogn jlisjdcieci'
LE<LE%KE/LKKE " %K/ LE
<LEK " E
1K "LK
1
1' ^ose codysi E1\K
30
^ose cod' E1\K3 jloc os co||klojsi| sk jlisjdcieci jgc fkqmol jloc'
cod' E1\K
3
LE<LE%KE/LKKE LE
<LEK " ELKKE
<' Ejdkfkqm qijlsokg 0
Os ygciqnki| ejdkfkqm qijlsokg ~ose O1
jgc ljy|sol |kcj'
%K/ O1
LE<LE%KE/LKKE LE
<LKLKKE LO
<LKLKKE
xqyvol jloc sqo okck xqyvol jloc
GjKELEO
<
" %LKKGj/1okckfkqm |kcoym kujdjsi
3' ^ose XLd9
^ose XLd9
os fkqm| djlsd ledkqoci'
LE<LE%KE/LKKE " XLd
9LE
<“ LE “ LKLd
tLd
djlsd ledkqoci
9' Fkqmjsokg kf lldol i|siq 0
Fkqmjsokg kf lldol coi|siq - a eijsogn og xqi|igli kf ljsjdsol jmkygs
kf lkg' E1\K
3'
K
LE< LE<LEK E EK “ L = K E" LE L = K
"1E1K
"
K = L EL “ LE< K = L LE“LE<
KE E K K
djlsoci
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 68/171
1?>
Y|i| kf djlsol jloc 0
:' Og sjggogn ogcy|sq'
1' Og |kfs cqogb|'
<' Og sei sqijsmigs kf coni|sovi co|kqciq og leodcqig'
3' Xqixjqjsokg kf djlsjsi|$ ised djlsjsi j| j |kdvigs'
9' \odviq djlsjsi j| jg jgso|ixsol jgc j|sqognigs'
:?'3 Coljqakudol jloc|
Sei lkgsjog s~k ljqakud nqkyx|$ kgi js ijle igc kf j |jsyqjsic
ecqkljqakg lejog' Seioq nigiqjd fkqmydj o|EKKL “ %LE
1/g
“ LKKE ~eiqi g = 8$ :$ 1$ <$ isl'
Coljqakudol jloc| jqi gjmic j| Jdbjgi cokol jloc og OYXJL ||sim'
Mk|s |omxdi coljqakudol jloc| ejvi lkmmkg gjmi|'
Fkqmydj Lkmmkg gjmi OYXJL gjmi
EKKL “ LKKE Kujdol jloc Isejgi cokol jloc
EKKL “ LE1
“ LKKE Mjdkgol jloc Xqkxjgi cokol jloc
EKKL“%LE1/1“LKKE \yllogol jloc Aysjgi cokol jloc
EKKL %LE1/3
LKKE Jcoxol jloc Eiujgi cokol jloc
:?'3': Misekc| kf xqixjqjsokg
Kujdol jloc 0 isejgi cokol jloc$ EKKL “ LKKE
:' Djakqjskq misekc' Kujdol jloc o| mjci a kuocjsokg kf |ylqk|i kq
mkdj||i| ~ose lkgligsqjsic gosqol jloc og sei xqi|igli kf vjgjcoym
xigskuoci j| ljsjd|s'
EGK<
L:1E11K:: " :5 RK] LKKE " 9E1KV1K
9 6 t
LKKE
Sei “LEKE“LEKE - ygos| xqi|igs og |ylqk|i mkdilydi jqi |xdos jgc
kuoco|ic sk kujdol jloc'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 69/171
1?5
1' Mjgyfjlsyqi 0Kujdol jloc o| mjci ogcy|sqojdd a eijsogn |kcoym fkqmjsi
sk 6>< B'
6>< B1ELKKGj GjKKL “ LKKGj " E
1
|kcoym fkqmjsi |kcoym kujdjsi
Sei |kcoym kujdjsi sey| fkqmic o| co||kdvic og ~jsiq jgc ljdloym
ecqkuoci jccic sk xqiloxosjsi ljdloym kujdjsi' Sei |kdysokg o| fodsiqic jgc
sei xqiloxosjsi o| sqijsic ~ose ljdlydjsic zyjgsos kf codysi |ydxeyqol jloc sk
doaiqjsi sei kujdol jloc'
LKKGj LKKt " Lj%KE/
1t Lj " 1 GjKE
LKKGj LKK|kcoym kujdjsi ljdloym kujdjsi
LKK LKKE
t Lj " E1\K
3t " Lj\K
3 ↜
LKK LKKE
kujdol jloc
Ljdloym |ydxejsi xqiloxosjsi| jgc kujdol jloc o| lq|sjddo|ic j| sei ecqjsi%LKKE/
1'1E
1K'
<' Fqkm ndlkd 0
Os o| xqixjqic a kuoco|ogn ndlkd ~ose lkg'EGK<'
LE1KE RK] LKKE
t tLE
1KE LKKE
ndlkd
3' Fqkm Ljgknig 0
A xj||ogn ljgknig seqkyne jg jzyiky| |kdysokg kf jloc kq jdbjdo'
L ≪ G 1E1K LKGE
1 1E1K LKKE
t t tL ≪ G LKGE
1LKKE
ljgknig kujmoci
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 70/171
1??
\yllogol jloc$ Aysjgicokol jloc EKKL“LE1“LE
1“LKKE
Xqixjqjsokg 0 \yllogol jloc o| xqixjqic fqkm isedigi coaqkmoci a
sqijsogn ~ose |kcoym ljgoci jgc |ya|izyigs ecqkd|o| kf isedigi coljgoci'
LE1Aq
1GjLGLE
1LG
E1K
LE1LKKE
t t t
LE1Aq LE
1LG ELd LE
1LKKE
Isedigi isedigi |yllogol jloc
co aqkmoci coljgoci
:?'3'1 Xqkxiqsoi|
Kujdol jloc kllyq| j| xksj||oym ecqknig kujdjsi og sei ~kkc |kqqid$
jgc skmjski|' Sei og|kdyadi ljdloym kujdjsi o| fkygc og |kmi |skg cixk|os|
og bocgi| jgc adjcciq og eymjg akc' Kujdol jloc o| jg jlsovi xko|kg
cixqi||ogn sei ligsqjd giqvky| ||sim'
Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi|
Coljqakudol jloc novi| jdd sei y|yjd qijlsokg| kf LKKE nqkyx s~oli'
:' ^ose jdbjdo 0 ^ose GjKE os novi| s~k bogc| kf |jds|'
%i'n'$/
%o/ LKKE LKKGj GjKE LKKGj
t " GjKE t t
LKKE LKKE LKKGjkujdol jloc mkgk |kcoym co|kcoym
kujdjsi kujdjsi
%oo/ LE1LKKE LE
1LKKGj GjKE LE
1LKKGj
t " GjKE t t
LE1LKKE LE1LKKE LE1LKKGj
\yllogol jloc mkgk |kcoym co|kcoym |yllogjsi
|yllogjsi
1' ^ose jmmkgoj 0 Coljqakudol jloc novi| jmmkgoym |jds| foq|s ~eole
seig dk|i| ~jsiq mkdilydi sk novi jmoci'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 71/171
<88
LKKE LKKGE3 ∆LKGE1
t " 1GE< t t " 1E1K
LKKE LKKGE3
LKGE1
jmmkgoym kujmoci
kujdjsi
\yllogol jloc fkqm| os| jmmkgoym |jds' Kg |sqkgn eijsogn os fkqm|
|yllogomoci'
LE1“LKKE LE
1LKKGE
3 ∆LE
1LK
t " 1GE<
t t GE
LE1“LKKE LE1LKKGE3 LE1LK\yllogol jloc Jmmkgoym |yllogjsi \yllogomoci
<' ^ose XLd9
0
^ose XLd9$ sei|i fkqm sei jloc ledkqoci|'
%o/ LKKE LKLd
t " XLd9
t " XKLd<
" E1K
LKKE LKLd xek|xekqky|
kujdol jloc kujddledkqoci ku ledkqoci
LE1“LKKE LE1LKLd
t " XLd9 t " XKLd< " E1KLE1“LKKE LE1LKLd
|yllogkd ledkqoci
3' Jlsokg kf eijs 0
%o/ Kujdol jloc kg eijsogn js <>< B “ <>5 B dk|i| ~jsiq kf ecqjsokg' Kg
fyqseiq eijsogn os cilkmxk|i| sk fkqmol jloc jgc ljqakg cokuoci'
LKKE3><B
t ELKKE " LK1
LKKE fkqmol jloc
%oo/ \yllogol jloc kg eijsogn sk <88k
L dk|i| j mkdilydi kf ~jsiq sk fkqmjgecqoci'
LE1
“ LKKE<88kL
LE1
“ LKt t K " E
1K
LE1
“ LKKE LE1
“ LK
|yllogol jgecqoci %j lldol lkmxkygc/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 72/171
<8:
9' Kuocjsokg 0 Kg ~jqmogn kujdol jloc ~ose jlocofoic xksj||oym
xiqmjgnjgjsi$ os o| kuoco|ic sk ljqakg cokuoci'
LKKEt " RK] 1LK
1" E
1K
LKKE
Y|i| 0
Kujdol jloc o| y|ic
:' fkq qimkvogn ogb |sjog| jgc oqkg |sjog|'
1' j| mkqcjgs og ciogn jgc ljdolk xqogsogn'<' og mjgyfjlsyqi kf ogb jgc misjd xkdo|ei|'
3' Qicku sosqjsokg
\yllogol jloc o| y|ic 0
:' og sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf djlzyiq| jgc ci|'
1' Os o| j viq omxkqsjgs djakqjskq qijnigs'
:?'9 \SQIGNSE KF LJQAKU_DOL JLOC\
Jg jloc o| j xqkskg ckgkq' Sei aj|i ~ose ~eole j xqkskg ljg ai qidij|iccisiqmogi| sei |sqignse kf jg jloc' Kqnjgol jloc| jqi ~ijb jloc|' Nqijsiq
sei |sjaodos kf sei jgokg kf sei jloc$ eoneiq o| os| |sqignse' Sey|$ fkq j
ljqakudol jloc$ |j jlisol jloc'
^eig sei akgcogn xjoq kf idilsqkg| ais~iig kunig jgc ecqknig og“K“E nqkyx$ o| |eofsic sk~jqc| kunig$ ij|oiq sei ecqknig o| qidij|ic j| j
xqkskg'
Sey| ~eig ledkqkjlisol jloc o| sjbig$ sei %“O/ iffils kf ledkqogi oglqij|i|
os| |sqignse'
E
t K
E “ L “ L
t K “ E
E
Jloc
E
t K
E “ L “ L
t K“
E
Jgokg
E
t K“
E “ L “ L
t K
E
" E<K"
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 73/171
<81
E K
t
Ld L L
t
E K E
Sey| sei |sqignse kf sei ledkqk jlisol jloc| vjqoi|'
K K K
Ld<L “ L 77 Ld
1LE“L 7 LdE
1“L
KE K“E K“E
Sqoledkqk jlisol jloc Coledkqk jlisol jloc Mkgkledkqk jlisol jloc
Kg sei kseiq ejgc lkmxjqogn sei |sqignse kf ljqakudol jloc| sei vjq
j| fkddk~| 0
LE<LE
1LKKE 4 LE
<LKKE 4 ELKKE
xqkxokgol jloc jlisol jloc fkqmol jloc
\ogli jdbd nqkyx| jqi "O nqkyx|$ sei oglqij|i sei |sqignse kf sei
“K“E akgc mjbogn sei qidij|i kf ecqknig coffolyds' %o'i'$/ os ailkmi| j
~ijb jloc'Og sei lj|i kf jqkmjsol jloc|$ xqi|igli kf ledkqogi$ gosqk nqkyx$ ljqakgd
nqkyx i|xilojdd js kqsek xk|osokg oglqij|i| os| |sqignse cyi sk “O iffils'
7 7
Xqi|igli kf “KE$ Ld“ js xjqj xk|osokg| cilqij|i| sei |sqignse a
qi|kgjgli iffils' %"M iffils/'
:?'6 JQKMJSOL JLOC\ 0
^eig j ljqakudol jloc nqkyx o| coqilsd dogbic sk sei aigpigi qogn
sei jqi ljddic jqkmjsol ljqakudol jloc|'
K1G
LKKE LKKE
Ld
LKKE
KEL
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 74/171
<8<
Aigpkol jloc k-skdyol jloc |jdoldol jloc jgseqjgodol jloc
%k-ecqku aigpkol %k-jmogk aigpkol
jloc/ jloc/
Aigpkol jloc o| sei |omxdi|s kf jqkmjsol jloc|'
:?'6': Xqixjqjsokg
A kuocjsokg
A sei kuocjsokg kf ―|oci lejog‟ kf aigpigi ciqovjsovi| %|oci lejog - jg
jdoxejsol xkqsokg dogbic sk aigpigi qogn/ Sei |oci lejog kuocjsokg ljg
ai ljqqoic kys a jloc coleqkmjsi kq xiqmjgnjgjsi kq jdbjdogi
xiqmjgnjgjsi isl'
Skdyigi Ised Aigpd Aigpd Aigpjdcieci
aigpigi ledkqoci jdlkekd
Sei ygciqdogic xkqsokg ogcoljsi| sei |oci lejog'
Skdyigi o| kuoco|ic a jlocofoic BMgK3'
E" +BMgK3
%o/ L6E
9LE
<L
6E
9LKKE Aigpkol jloc
GjKE
%K/%oo/ L6E9LE1Ld L6E9LE1KE L6E9LKKEBMgK3
E" +BMgK3
%ooo/ L6E
9LEK L
6E
9LKKE
LKKELE
<
LKKE
KE
LKKE
GE1
LKKE
LE<
LE1LE
<LE
1Ld LE
1KE LEK
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 75/171
<83
1' Ecqkd|o| kf xeigd ljgoci 0
E" E"
L6E9LG %L6E9LKGE1/ L6E9LKKE
E1K Aigpjmoci E
1K
<' Ljqakgjsokg kf Nqongjqc qijnigs fkddk~ic a ecqkd|o|'
L6E
9 E1K Aq
L6E
9MnAq " K = L = K L = K L
6E
9L = K " Mn
AqMnKt KE
KE
:?'6'1 Xqkxiqsoi|
Xe|oljd xqkxiqsoi|
^eosi lq|sjddogi |kdoc-|kdyadi og eks ~jsiq$ jdlkekd jgc iseiq jgc |donesd
|kdyadi og lkdc ~jsiq'
Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi|
Qijlsokg| kf akse “LKKE nqkyx jgc aigpigi qogn'
:' Jlocol xqkxiqsoi| 0
%j/ Aigpkol jloc co||kdvi| og GjKE jgc GE3KE fkqmogn |jds|'
L6E
9LKKE " GjKE L
6E
9LKKGj " E
1K
%|kcoym aigpkjsi/
“E1K
L6E
9LKKE " GE
3KE L
6E
9LKKGE
3L
6E
9LKGE
1∆%Jmmkgoym aigpkjsi/
%a/ Os fkqm| i|siq| ~ose jdlkekd og xqi|igli kf ljsjdsol jmkygs kf
Lkg' E1
\K3
'
E"
L6E9LKKE " L1E9KE L6E9LKKL1E9 " E1K%ised aigpkjsi/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 76/171
<89
1' Qixdjlimigs kf KE nqkyx'
A sei jlsokg kf xek|xekqky| xigsjledkqoci kq seokgd ledkqoci$ aigpkd
ledkqoci o| fkqmic'
L6E
9LKKE " XLd
9L
6E
9LKLd " XKLd
<" ELd
L6E
9LKKE " \KLd
1L
6E
9LKLd " \K
1" ELd
Seokgd ledkqoci
<' Ciljqakudjsokg 0
Eijsogn ~ose |kcjdomi novi| aigpigi'
GjKEL
6E
9LKKE L
6E
6" LK
1
LjK ∆|kcj domi
3' Qicylsokg 0
Doseoym Jdymogoym ecqoci qicyli| Aigpkol jloc sk Aigpd jdlkekd'
K DoJdE3
DoJdE3
L6E9L RL6E9LEK] L6E9LE1KEKE Aigpd jdlkekd
Aigpkol jloc
9' Qijlsokg kf aigpigi qogn 0
Aigpkol jloc ygciqnki| idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg' Sei “LKKE nqkyx
cilqij|i| sei jlsovos kf aigpigi qogn ~ose qi|xils sk idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg
jgc o| misj coqilsogn nqkyx'
Gosqjsokg 0
EGK<
E1\K
3
m-gosqk aigpkol jloc
LKKELKKE
GK1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 77/171
<86
6' Ledkqogjsokg 0
Ld1
FiLd<
m-ledkqk aigpkol jloc
Jgecqky| fiqqol ledkqoci o| j Di~o| jloc - j ljsjd|s og seo| qijlsokg'
>'\ydxekgjsokg 0
Fymogn
E1\K
3
m-|ydxekgd aigpkol jloc
:?'6'< Y|i| kf aigpkol jloc 0
:' Aigpkol jloc o| y|ic j| jg yqogjq jgso|ixsol
1' \kcoym aigpkjsi o| y|ic j| fkkc xqi|iqvjsovi
<' Aigpkol jloc vjxkyq| jqi y|ic sk co|ogfils aqkgleojd syai'
3' Os o| y|ic fkq sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf ci|'
:?'> \JDOL_DOL JLOC
Os o| k-ecqku aigpkol jloc$ jgc o|kmiqol ~ose misj jgc xjqj ecqku
aigpkol jloc|'
%k-ecqku aigpkol jloc/ %m-ecqku aigpkol jloc/ %x-ecqku aigpkol jloc/
:?'>': Xqixjqjsokg 0
\jdoldol jloc ljg ai xqixjqic a eijsogn xeigkd ~ose GjKE sk nis
|kcoym xeigkuoci'
LKKELKKE
Ld
LKKELKKE
\K<E
KE
LKKE
KE
KE
LKKE LKKE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 78/171
<8>
GjKE
∆
Seo| o| eijsic ~ose ljqakgcokuoci js 38<B ygciq xqi||yqi sk fkqm |kcoym
|jdoldjsi'
LK1
38<B+xqi||yqi
Milejgo|m 0
Seo| qijlsokg o| ljddic ―Bkdai‟| qijlsokg‟' Sei |kcoym |jds kg sqijsmigs
~ose codysi ecqkledkqol jloc novi| |jdoldol jloc'
ELd" GjLd
%\jdoldol jloc/
:?'>'1 Xqkxiqsoi|
Xe|oljd Xqkxiqsoi|
Os o| j ~eosi lq|sjddogi |kdoc - |kdyadi og eks ~jsiq$ isejgkd jgc iseiq'
Si|s fkq |jdoldol jloc 0
:' Jg jzyiky| |kdysokg kf |jdoldol jloc novi| vokdis lkdkyq ~ose giysqjd
fiqqol ledkqoci'
1' Os novi| iffiqvi|ligli ~ose sei |kcoym aoljqakgjsi'
<' Os o| |kdyadi og |kcoym ecqkuoci jgc qixqiloxosjsic kg jlocofoljsokg'
KE KGj
KGj KE
LKKGj
KE
LKKEKELKKGj
“K KKttLttK
E
L
K“
K
KE
L
K“
K
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 79/171
<85
3' ^ose Aqkmogi ~jsiq sei lkdkyq o| co|lejqnic ~ose sei fkqmjsokg kf ~eosi
xqiloxosjsi'
Milejgo|m 0
Qijlsokg kf aqkmogi ~ose |jdoldol jloc'
Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi| 0
Xqkxiqsoi| kf xeigkdol fyglsokg'
:' \jdoldol jloc ygciqnki| jlisdjsokg a eijsogn ~ose jlisol jgecqoci sk
fkqm j|xoqog ~eole o| y|ic j| jg jgjdni|ol jgc jgsoxqisol'
%LE<LK/
1K
Jlisd |jdoldol jloc kq J|xoqog
KE
L
K
K“
Aq “ Aq
"KE
L
K
K“
Aq
" Aq“
"KE
L
K
K“
Aq
KE
Aq
" LK1
KEAq
1Aq1
KEAq
Aq
Aq
KE
LKKE
KLKLE<
LKKE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 80/171
<8?
Og|sijc kf jlisol jgecqoci$ jlisd ledkqoci ljg jd|k ai y|ic'
1' Qijlsokg ~ose aqkmogi ~jsiq novi| j ~eosi xqiloxosjsi kf sqoaqkmk xeigkd'
Seo| qijlsokg ogvkdvi| aqkmogjsokg ~ose ciljqakudjsokg'
Aq1
Aq1
“LK1
%1$3$6 Sqoaqkmk xeigkd/
Qijlsokg cyi sk “LKKE nqkyx'
:' ^ose GjELK<
Os novi| aqo|b iffiqvi|ligli ~ose j |kdysokg kf |kcoym aoljqakgjsi kq
|kcoym ljqakgjsi jgc co||kdvi| fkqmogn |kcoym |jdoldjsi'
" GjELK<
" LK1
" E1K
%|kcoym |jdoldjsi/
Sei |kdysokg kg sqijsmigs ~ose ELd novi| |jdoldol jloc'
ELd
1' ^ose LE<KE
Kg eijsogn ~ose mised jdlkekd og xqi|igli kf lkg' E1\K
3j xdij|jgs
|middogn dozyoc-mised |jdoldjsi o| fkqmic'
LE<KE " E
1K
E1\K
3
%Mised |jdoldjsi/
KELKKE
KEKE
Aq
Aq
Aq
KE
LKKE
KE
LKKGj
KE
LKKGj
KE
LKKE
KE
LKKE
KE
LKKLE<
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 81/171
<:8
Mised |jdoldjsi o| xqi|igs og sei kod kf ~ogsiq nqiig jgc kseiq i||igsojd
kod|'
:?'>'< Y|i|
\jdoldol jloc o| y|ic %o/ Os o| jg jgso|ixsol jgc co|ogfilsjgs %oo/ j| j fkkc
xqi|iqvjsovi %ooo/ j| j micologi fkq qeiymjsol xjog$ %ov/ og sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf
j|xoqog$ |jdkd$ mised |jdoldjsi$ %v/ og sei xqixjqjsokg kf jpk ci|'
:?'5 FYGLSOKGJD CIQOVJSOVI\ KF LJQAKU_DOL JLOC 0
Sei nigiqjd fkqmydj o|
_ Fyglsokgjd nqkyx Iujmxdi
“ KE Ljqakudol jloc LE<LKKE jlisol jloc
“ ejdknig jloc ejdoci LE<LKLd jlisd ledkqoci
“ KLKQ jloc jgecqoci LE<LKKLKLE
<jlisol jgecqoci
“ KQ i|siq LE<LKKL1E9 ised jlisjsi
“ GE1
jmoci LE<LKGE
1jlisjmoci
Sei|i lkmxkygc| nigiqjdd ygciqnk gyldikxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg|
og ~eole j gyldikxeodi qixdjli| sei idilsqk ginjsovi nqkyx %_/ sk fkqm
ljqakud ciqovjsovi|' Qidjsovi qijlsovos kf ljqakudol jloc ciqovjsovi| o| j|
fkddk~|'
Jloc ledkqoci 7 jloc jgecqoci 7 ljqakudol jloc 7 i|siq 7 jmoci'
:?'5': Jlisd ledkqoci 0 LE<LKLd
Xqixjqjsokg kf LE<LKLdOs o| xqixjqic ij|od a sei jlsokg kf XLd
9$ XLd
<kq \KLd
1kg jlisol jloc'
%o/ LE<LKKE " XLd
9LE
<LKLd " XKLd
<" ELd
%oo/ <LE<LKKE " XLd
<<LE
<LKLd " E
<XK
<
Xek|xekqy| jloc
Ktt
Q“L“_
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 82/171
<::
%ooo/ LE<LKKE " \KLd
1LE
<LKLd " \K
1" ELd
:?'5'1 Xe|oljd Xqkxiqsoi|
Jlisd ledkqoci o| vkdjsodi$ xygnigs |middogn dozyoc$ seo| ljggks fkqm
ecqknig akgc' Eigli os| dk~ akodogn xkogs jgc og|kdyaodos og ~jsiq o|
iuxdjogic' Os fymi| og mko|s joq cyi sk ecqkd|o| xqkcylogn ecqknig ledkqoci
nj|'
Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi| 0
:' Os o| j xk~iqfyd jlisdjsogn jnigs$ j qijnigs sejs ogsqkcyli| LE<LK -
nqkyx$ i|xilojdd ~ose lkmxkygc| lkgsjogogn “KE nqkyx kq “GE nqkyx'
%o/
%oo/
%ooo/ L6E
9KE " L = K LE
<LKKL
6E
9
Xeigd jlisjsi
1' Fqoicid Lqjfs‟| Jlisdjsokg 0
Og xqi|igli kf jgecqky| Jdymogoym ledkqoci jlisdjsokg kf aigpigi
sjbi| xdjli ~ose sei fkqmjsokg kf jliskxeigkgi'
K
LE<
– L
Ld
K
E E
KLE
<– L " ELd
KE%nj|/
E “ K “ E " Ld “ L “ LE<
Ktt
' 'E “ K “ L “ LE
<" ELd
jlisol jloc
Ktt
L1E
9“K“E " Ld “ L “ LE
<
Ktt
' 'L
1E
9“K“L“LE
<" ELd
ised jlisjsi
Ktt
LE<
Ld
' '
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 83/171
<:1
" LE<LKLd " ELd
Os o| jg jqkmjsol idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg'
Sei Di~o| jloc JdLd<
nigiqjsi| sei idilsqkxeodi fqkm jlisd ledkqoci'
Sei idilsqkxeodi o| sei jlisd ljsokg LE<“L" = K'
:?'5'< Y|i| kf jlisdledkqoci
%j/ J| jg jlisdjsogn jnigs'
%a/ Jg omxkqsjgs kqnjgol qijnigs'
%l/ Og sei xqixjqjsokg kf jlisol jgecqoci'
%c/ Og sei cisilsokg jgc i|somjsokg kf jdlkekdol jgc jmogk nqkyx|'
:?'? Jlisol jgecqoci 0 LE<LKKLKLE
<
Xqixjqjsokg 0
:' Fqkm LE<LKLd
A co|soddogn j mousyqi kf jgecqky| |kcoym jlisjsi jgc jlisd ledkqoci'
LE<LKLd " LE<LKKGj LE<LKKLKLE< " GjLd%Jlisd ledkqoci/ %\kcoym jlisjsi/ ∆ %Jlisol jgecqoci/
1' Fqkm jlisol jloc
A sei jlsokg kf ciecqjsogn jnigs kg jlisol jloc'
:?'?': Xe|oljd Xqkxiqsoi|
Jlisol jgecqoci o| j lkdkyqdi||$ xygnigs |middogn dozyoc$ og|kdyadi og
~jsiq' Os o| gks j| qijlsovi j| jlisd ledkqoci jgc cki| gks fymi og mko|s joq'
Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi| 0
Dobi jlisd ledkqoci$ os qijls| ~ose jdlkekd$ xeigkd jgc jmogi$ sekyne
di|| qijlsovi$ gkqmjdd jlisdjsokg y|ogn jlisol jgecqoci o| ljqqoic kys og
xqi|igli kf |kcoym jlisjsi kq lkgligsqjsic |ydxeyqol jloc j| ljsjd|s'
LKLE<
jge' JdLd<
LE<LK KE
LE<LKK E
X1K
9
∆
LE<LK
K " E1K
LE<LK
%Jlisol jgecqoci/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 84/171
<:<
:'
1'
:?'?'1 Y|i| kf jlisol jgecqoci
:' J| jg jlisdjsogn jnigs fkq sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf ci|$ liddydk|i jlisjsi
isl'
1' Og sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf j|xoqog jgc |kmi cqyn|'
:?':8 Mised jlisjsi
Xqixjqjsokg
:' A i|siqofoljsokg 0 ^eig jlisol jloc o| qifdyuic ~ose mised jdlkekd og
xqi|igli kf j |mjdd jmkygs kf lkg' E1\K
3$ mised jlisjsi o| fkqmic'
E1\K
3
LE<LKKE " LE<KE LE<LKKLE< " E1KMised jlisjsi
1' A sei jlsokg kf jlisd ledkqoci kq jlisol jgecqoci kg mised jdlkekd$
mised jlisjsi o| fkqmic'
LE<LK
K
LE<LK
''E
1G “ E
jmmkgoj
LE<“LK“GE
1" LE
<LKKE %Jmmkgkd|o|/
%Jlisjmoci/
LE<LK
K " E “ Ld
LE<LK %~ose cq ecqknig
ledkqoci/
LE<LKKE " LE
<LKLd
jlisd ledkqoci
LE<LK
K
LE<LK
Ld
t
XLd<
1LE<LKLd " XKLd
<
t jlisdledkqoci
Ld
"
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 85/171
<:3
LE<LKLd " LE
<KE LE
<LKKLE
<" ELd
LE<LKKLKLE
<" LE
<KE LE
<LKKLE
<" LE
<LKKE
:?':8': Xe|oljd Xqkxiqsoi|
Os o| j xdij|jgs |middogn vkdjsodi dozyoc$ fjoqd |kdyadi og ~jsiq$ gk ecqknig
akgcogn jgc di|| xkdjq sejg jdlkekd|'
Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi|
:' Ecqkd|o| 0 I|siq| jqi ecqkd|ic a ~jqmogn ~ose cod' jloc| kq jdbjdo'
E" +E1K
LE<LKKLE
<LE
<LKKE " LE
<KE
LE<LKKLE
<" GjKE LE
<LKKGj " LE
<KE
|kcoym jlisjsi
%\jxkgofoljsokg/
1' Jdlkekd|o| 0 Og xqi|igli kf j dossdi jloc$ mised jlisjsi o| ldijvic a
ised jdlkekd sk fkqm ised jlisjsi'
E"
LE<LKKLE
<" L
1E
9KE LE
<LKKL
1E
9" LE
<KE
Seo| o| ljddic ―sqjg| i|siqofoljsokg‟'
<' Jmmkgkd|o| 0 Qijls| ~ose jmmkgoj kg eijsogn sk fkqm jmoci'
∆LE
<LKKLE
<" GE
<LE
<LKGE
1" LE
<KE
3' Ldjo|ig i|siq lkgcig|jsokg 0 Og xqi|igli kf |sqkgn aj|i| dobi |kcoym
isekuoci$ os ygciqnki| lkgcig|jsokg fkqmogn jlisk jlisol i|siq'
L1E
9KGj “
LE<LKKLE
<LE
1LKKLE
<" E"
LE<L = K
LE<K
“LE
1LKKLE
<
LE<L = K " KLE
<
LE1LKKLE
<Mised jliskjlisjsi
“
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 86/171
<:9
:?':8'1 Y|i| kf mised jlisjsi
Os o| j viq nkkc djakqjskq jgc ogcy|sqojd |kdvigs' Y|ic fkq sei
xqixjqjsokg kf jliskjlisoli|siq j lkmxkygc kf |gseisol omxkqsjgli'
:?':: Jmoci|
LE<LKGE
1Jlisjmoci
Xqixjqjsokg kf jlisjmoci
:' A eijsogn jmmkgoym jlisjsi
∆LE
<LKKGE
3LE
<LKGE
1" E
1K
1' Jmmkgkd|o| kf jlisd ledkqoci$ jlisol jgecqoci kq i|siq|'
%o/ LE<LKLd " GE
<LE
<LKGE
1" ELd
%oo/ LE<LKKLKLE
<" GE
<LE
<LKGE
1" LE
<LKKE
Jlisol jgecqoci
%ooo/ LE<LKKLE
<" GE
<LE
<LKGE
1" LE
<KE
Mised jlisjsi
<' Xjqsojd ecqkd|o| kf mised ljgoci ~ose jdbjdogi ecqknig xiqkuoci'
E1K
1LE
<L≪G LE
<LKGE
1
GjKE
:?'::': Xe|oljd Xqkxiqsoi|
Os iuo|s| j| j comiq cyi sk ecqknig akgcogn'
E
t
K EGLE
<“ L L “ LE
<
G“E K
t
E
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 87/171
<:6
Lkdkyqdi|| lq|sjddogi |kdoc$ |kdyadi og ~jsiq jgc jdlkekd'
Os o| sei dij|s qijlsovi jmkgn jloc ciqovjsovi'
:?'::'1 Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi|
:' Ecqkd|o| 0
Ljsjd|ic a jloc kq jdbjdo$ os o| ecqkd|ic sk jloc'
E"
%j/ LE<LKGE1 LE<LKKE " GE<
E1K %jlisol jloc/
GjKE%a/ LE
<LKGE
1LE
<LKKGj " GE
<%\kcoym jlisjsi/
1' ^ose ELd
Os o| fiiad aj|ol$ fkqm| yg|sjadi |jds ~ose |sqkgn ogkqnjgol jloc'
LE<LKGE
1" ELd LE
<LKGE
1' ELd
%jmoci ecqkledkqoci/
<' Kg ciecqjsokg a eijsogn ~ose X1K
9os fkqm| mised ljgoci'
X1K9LE
<LKGE
1LE
<L≪G
“ E1K
3' Os ygciqnki| Ekff mjgg‟| qijlsokg ~ose Aq1 +GjKE fkqmogn mised
jmogi'
Aq1
LE<LKGE
1LE
<GE
1" LK
1GjKE
:?'::'< Y|i| kf jlisjmoci
:' Fkq sei xqixjqjsokg kf mised ljgoci'
1' Og dijseiq sjggogn'
<' J| |kdciqogn fdyu'
3' J| j xdj|solo|iq og ldkse'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 88/171
<:>
\IDF IVJDYJSOKG
%J/ Lekk|i sei lkqqils jg|~iq 0
:' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn o| dij|s jlocol
%j/ L1E
9KE %a/ LE
<LKKE
%l/ L6E
9KE %c/ LdLE
1LKKE
1' ijbi|s jloc jmkgn sei fkddk~ogn o|
%j/ Jlisol jloc %a/ Xeigkd
%l/ jsiq %c/ Jlisdigi
<' I|siq fkqmjsokg ogvkdvi| sei qijlsokg kf
%j/ jg jdcieci jgc j biskgi
%a/ Jg jdlkekd ~ose QMnU
%l/ S~k mkdilydi| kf jg jloc ~ose ciecqjsogn jnigs
%c/ Jg jldejdoci ~ose jg jdlkekd
3' Eijsogn j mousyqi kf |kcoym jlisjsi jgc |kcj domi novi|
%j/ misejgi %a/ isejgi
%l/ jlisoljloc %c/ aigpigi
9' Sei jloc ~eole qicyli| Skddig.| qijnigs o|%j/ jlisol jloc %a/ aigpkol jloc
%l/ fkqmoljloc %c/ kujdol jloc
LE<
t
6' Sei OYXJL gjmi kf LE<
“ LE1
“ LE “ LKKE o|
%j/ κ-mised aysqol jloc %a/ <-mised aysjgkol jloc
%l/ 1-mised aysjgkol jloc %c/ O|k xigsjgkol jloc
>' Sei O|kmiqo|m iueoaosic a LE<LE
1LKKE jgc LE
<LKKLE
<o|
%j/ misjmiqo|m %a/ xk|osokg%l/ lejog %c/ fyglsokgjd
5' Sei jloc sejs ljggks ai xqixjqic a Nqongjqc qijnigs
%j/ jlisol jloc %a/ fkqmol jloc
%l/ aysqol jloc %c/ aigpkol jloc
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 89/171
<:5
?' ^eole kqciq kf jqqjgnimigs o| lkqqils ogsiqm| kf sei |sqignse kf sei jloc
%j/ LE<“LE
1LKKE 7 LE
<LKKE 4 ELKKE 4 LdLE
1LKKE
%a/ LdLE1LKKE 4 ELKKE 4 LE
<LKKE 4 LE
<LE
1LKKE
%l/ LE<“LE
1LKKE 4 LE
<LKKE 4 ELKKE 4 LdLE
1LKKE
%c/ ELKKE 7 LE<LE
1LKKE 4 LE
<LKKE 7 LdLE
1LKKE
:8' Sei lkmxkygc ~eole ygciqnki| ogsqjmkdilydjq ciecqjsokg ~ose X1K
9
o|
%j/ jlisol jloc %a/ fkqmol jloc
%l/ xqkxokgol jloc %c/ Aysqol jloc
E:68kL
::' L = K ; Sei xqkcyls o|
EK
%j/ LK " E1K %a/ ELKKE
%l/ E1
" LK1
%c/ ELEK " K1
:1' ^eig ledkqogi o| xj||ic seqkyne jlisol jloc og xqi|igli kf qic X$ os fkqm|'
%j/ jlisd ledkqoci %a/ Sqoledkqk jlisjdcieci
%l/ Sqoledkqk jlisol jloc %c/ Mised ledkqoci
:<' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn lkmxkygc| ~odd qijls ~ose GjELK<
|kdysokg sk
novi |kcoym |jds jgc LK1 ;%j/ jlisol jloc %a/ g-eiujgkd
%l/ xeigkd %c/ akse %j/ jgc %l/
:3' ^eig xqkxjgkol jloc o| sqijsic ~ose jzyiky| |kcoym - aoljqakgjsjsi$
LK1
o| doaiqjsic' Sei !L! kf LK1
lkmi| fqkm
%j/ mised nqkyx %a/ ljqakudol jloc nqkyx
%l/ misedigi nqkyx %c/ aoljqakgjsi
:9' Ljqakudol jloc| jqi mkqi jlocol sejg xeigkd jgc jdlkekd ailjy|i kf
%j/ ogsiq mkdilydjq ecqknig akgcogn
%a/ fkqmjsokg kf comiq|
%l/ eoned jlocol ecqknig
%c/ nqijsiq qi|kgjgli |sjaodo|jsokg kf seioq lkg`ynjsi aj|i
:6' Jmkgn sei fkddk~ogn sei |sqkgni|s jloc o|
%j/ LdLE1LKKE %a/ Ld
<LLKKE
%l/ LE<LKKE %c/ Ld
1LELKKE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 90/171
<:?
:>' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn lkmxkygc o| kxsoljdd jlsovi ;
%j/ LE<LE
1LKKE %a/ EKKL“LE
1“LKKE
%l/ LE<LE%KE/LKKE %c/ Ld
1LELKKE
:5' LE<LE%KE/LKKE ; Sei xqkcyls o|
E1K
1 +Fi1"
%j/ LE<LKLKKE %a/ LE
<LE
1LKKE
%l/ LE<LEKELEK %c/ LKKELE
1LKKE
:?' Sei lkmxkygc fkygc og |kmi |skg cixk|os og bocgi| o|
%j/ xksj||oym kujdjsi %a/ kujdol jloc
%l/ xksj||oym |yllogjsi %c/ ljdloym kujdjsi
18' Isedigi ljgoci kg ecqkd|o| y|ogn jloc novi|
%j/ kujdol jloc %a/ |yllogol jloc
%l/ jcoxol jloc %c/ xqkxokgol jloc
%A/ Jg|~iq og kgi kq s~k |igsigli| 0
:' ^ejs jqi ljqakudol jloc| ;
1' Novi sei |kyqli jgc sqovojd gjmi| kf
%o/ L<E
>LKKE jgc %oo/ ELKKE'
<' Ek~ o| sei lkgviq|okg kf jliskgosqodi sk jlisol jloc iffilsic ;
3' Akdogn xkogs kf ljqakudol jloc| jqi eoneiq sejg sek|i kf jdlkekd| kf
|jmi mkdilydjq mj|| - qij|kg kys'
9' Fkqmol jloc qicyli| Skddig.| qijnigs$ ays jlisol jloc cki| gks-Novi
qij|kg|'
6' ^qosi s~k si|s| kf ljqakudol jloc'
>' Novi sei qi|kgjgli |sqylsyqi kf ljqakudjsi jgokg'
5' Migsokg sei ogcylsovi iffils og mkgkledkqk jlisol jloc'
?' ^qosi j gksi kg i|siqofoljsokg qijlsokg ~ose jg iujmxdi':8' ^ejs ejxxig| ~eig ljdloym |jds kf jlisol jloc o| co|soddic'
::' Migsokg sei y|i| kf kujdol jloc'
:1' ejs o| sei jlsokg kf codysi |ydxeyqol jloc ~ose djlsol jloc ;
:<' Novi sei |sqylsyqi kf djlsd ledkqoci jgc djlsoci'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 91/171
<18
%L/ Jg|~iq gks iuliicogn |ous ~kqc| 0
:' Ek~ o| kujdol jloc mjgyfjlsyqic fqkm |kcoym fkqmjsi ;
1' Iuxdjog sei o|kmiqo|m iueoaosic a ljqakudol jloc|'
<' ^qosi j gksi kg sei jlocol gjsyqi kf jlisol jloc'
3' Novi sei milejgo|m ogvkdvic og sei i|siqofoljsokg kf j ljqakudol jloc
~ose jdlkekd'
9' Iuxdjog ~e ljqakudol jloc| aiejvi j| jloc|' Co|ly|| aqoifd sei iffils
kf idilsqkg ~osecqj~ogn jgc ckgjsogn |ya|sosyigs| kg jloc |sqignse kf
ljqakudol jloc|'
6' Jllkygs fkq qicylogn gjsyqi kf Fkqmol jloc'
>' Iuxdjog sei fkddk~ogn 0
%o/ Lekdkqk jlisol jloc o| |sqkgniq jloc sejg jlisol jloc'
%oo/ Fdykqk jlisol jloc o| |sqkgniq jloc sejg ledkqk jlisol jloc'
%ooo/ Fkqmol jloc o| |sqkgniq jloc sejg jlisol jloc'
5' Ek~ o| aigpkol jloc kasjogic fqkm
%j/ %a/ xeigd ljgoci %l/ ljqakg cokuoci
?' Ek~ ck ky co|sognyo|e fkqmol jloc fqkm jlisol jloc ;
:8' qosi sei xqkcyls| og ijle kf sei fkddk~ogn'
LKKE ndliqkd%o/ t
LKKE <5< B
LKKE GE<
%oo/ tLKKE
%ooo/ LE1
LKKEGE
<tLE
1LKKE
LE1LE
<
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 92/171
<1:
::' Ek~ jqi sei fkdd~ogn lkgviq|okg| ljqqoic kys ;
%o/ \jdoldol jloc j|xoqog
%oo/ \jdoldol jloc mised |jdoldjsi
%ooo/ Djlsol jloc djlsoci
:1' ^ejs ejxxig| ~eig djlsol jloc o|
%o/ sqijsic ~ose codysi E1\K
3
%oo/ eijsic jdkgi
%ooo/ kuoco|ic ~ose jdbjdogi BMgK3
:<'Novi sei y|i| kf %j/ kujdol jloc jgc %a/ |jdoldol jloc':3' Kysdogi sei milejgo|m kf %j/ fkqmjsokg kf isedjlisjsi fqkm jlisol jloc
jgc ised jdlkekd' %a/ Ecqkd|o| kf ised ljgoci sk xqkxokgol jloc'
:9' Iuxdjog sei kqciq kf |sqignse kf sei fkddk~ogn jloc|'
%j/ LLd<LKKE 7 LELd
1LKKE 7 LE
1LdLKKE 7 LE
<LKKE
%a/ x-gosqkxeigkd 7 m-gosqk xeigkd 7 xeigkd 7 lqi|kd'
\YMMJQ_ 0
Jdoxejsol mkgk ljqakudol jloc|$ ecqku jloc|$ coljqakudol jloc$
jqkmjsol mkgkljqakudoljloc$ jqkmjsol ecqku jloc$ jqkmjsol coljqakudoljloc - |sqylsyqi jgc gkmigldjsyqi - lkmmkg gjmi jgc OYXJL gjmi| - dkgn
lejog fjss jloc - a sei |jxkgofoljsokg kf fjs| jgc kod|'
Nigiqjd misekc| kf xqixjqjsokg - Kuocjsokg kf jdlkekd| jdcieci|$
ecqkd|o| kf ljgoci|$ i|siq| jgc y|ogn Nqongjqc.| qijnigs'
Xqkxiqsoi| - Ecqknig akgcogn - comiqol - eoneiq akodogn xkogs| - |kdyaodos
og ~jsiq'
Jlocol xqkxiqs iuxdjogic a qi|kgjgli |sjaodo|jsokg kf sei ljqakudjsi
jgokg - Fkqmjsokg kf |jds$ i|siq| jgc jmoci' I|siqofoljsokg$ jgecqoci
fkqmjsokg$ ciljqakudjsokg - κ-ejdknigjsokg - fkqmjsokg kf jloc ledkqoci'
Fkqmol jloc$ coffiq fqkm kseiq ljqakudol jloc ailjy|i kf sei xqi|igli
kf jdcecol %E “ L = K/ nqkyx' Eigli os qicyli| Fiedogn.| |kdysokg$ Skddig|
qijnigs jgc jdbjdogi xiqmjgnjgjsi'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 93/171
<11
Jqkmjsol jloc| - Aigpkol jloc$ |jdoldol jloc$ xesejdoljloc - xqixjqjsokg
- a kuocjsokg$ ecqkd|o|$ Nqongjqc qijnigs jgc Bkdai.| |gsei|o|' Xqkxiqsoi|
- Fkqmjsokg kf |jds$ i|siq|$ jloc ledkqoci|$ jmoci| jgc idilsqk xeodol
|ya|sosysokg js aigpigi qogn jgc y|i|'
Ciqovjsovi| kf jloc| - dobi i|siq|$ jloc ledkqoci$ jloc jgecqoci$ jmoci -
|sqylsyqi jgc gkmkgldjsyqi -xqixjqjsokg jgc xqkxiqsoi| - qidjsovi qijlsokg -
ecqkd|o| sk jloc| - qicylsokg - y|i|'
QIFIQIGLI\ 0
:' Sius Akkb kf Kqnjgol Leimo|sq - Ajed jgc Jqyg Ajed'
1' J nyoci akkb sk Milejgo|m og kqnjgol leimo|sq' - Xisiq| \bi| -
Xijq|kg Icyljsokg Dsc'
[[[[[[[
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 94/171
<1<
18' KQNJGOL GOSQKNIG LKMXKYGC\
DIJQGOGN KA@ILSOVI\
H Gosqk jdbjgi| - \sqylsyqi$ o|kmiqo|m$ sjyskmiqo|m - Gkmigldjsyqi -
xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq gosqk lkmxkygc|'
H Dijqgogn - sei misekc| kf xqixjqjsokg$ xqkxiqsoi|$ y|i| kf gosqkjdbjgi|'
H Qilkngo|ogn sei xqi|igli kf κ -ecqknig - qimkvic a aj|i sk nigiqjsi
ljqajgokg'
H Jqkmjsol gosqk lkmxkygc| - |sqylsyqi jgc gkmigldjsyqi$ xqixjqjsokg -
Gosqjsokg kf aigpigi - milejgo|m - xqkxiqsoi| - qicylsokg ygciq coffiqigs
lkgcosokg| - Co|soglsokg ais~iig jqkmjsol jgc jdoxejsol gosqk lkmxkygc|'
H Jdoxejsol jmogi| - |sqylsyqi$ ldj||ofoljsokg$ o|kmiqo|m$ gkmigldjsyqi -
xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq jmogi|'
H Dijqgogn nigiqjd misekc| kf xqixjqjsokg$ xqkxiqsoi| - Co|soglsokg
ais~iig :k $ 1k $ <k - jmogi|'
H Jqkmjsol jmogi| - jqjdbd jmogi - xqixjqjsokg$ xqkxiqsoi| kf
aigpdjmogi'
H Jgodogi - xqixjqjsokg$ xqkxiqsoi|$ - aj|ol |sqignse jgc qi|kgjgli - y|i|'
H Co|soglsokg ais~iig jdoxejsol jmogi jgc jgodogi$ - isedjmogi jgc
jgodogi$ aigpd jmogi jgc jgodogi'
H Jdoxejsol gosqodi| - |sqylsyqi - gkmigldjsyqi'
H Aigpigi cojpkgoym ledkqoci - xqixjqjsokg - xqkxiqsoi| qidjsic sk os|
|gseisol omxkqsjgli'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 95/171
<13
18': KQNJGOL GOSQKNIG LKMXKYGC\
Jdoxejsol Gosqk Lkmxkygc|
Gosqk jdbjgi| jqi gosqk ciqovjsovi| kf xjqjffog| kasjogic a sei
qixdjlimigs kf j ecqknig jskm a j gosqk nqkyx'
Gkmigldjsyqi 0 Q“GK1
Gosqk jdbjgi| jqi gjmic a xqifouogn ―gosqk‟ sk sei gjmi kf xjqigs
ecqkljqakg'
L1E
9GK
1L
<E
>GK
1Gosqk isejgi Gosqk xqkxjgi
Sei mj ai xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq cixigcogn kg ~eiseiq sei
gosqknqkyx o| jssjleic sk j xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq ljqakg jskm'
Q Q
QLE1GK
1LEGK
1Q L “ GK
1
Q Q
:k 1k <k
Og sei OYXJL ||sim sei xk|osokg kf sei gosqknqkyx o| ogcoljsic a
gymaiq'GK
1tLE
<“ L E “ L E
<1-gosqk xqkxjgi
LE<LE
1LE
1“ GK
1:-Gosqk xqkxjgi
LE<
“ L E “ L E1
“ GK1
:-Gosqk-1-mised xqkxjgitLE
<
LE<
:-Gosqk-1$1-comised xqkxjgit
LE<
“ L “ LE1
“ GK1
t
LE<
LE<
tLE
<“ L “ LE
<1-gosqk$ 1-mised xqkxjgi
tGK
1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 96/171
<19
O|kmiqo|m 0
Ai|oci| lejog jgc xk|osokg o|kmiqo|m Gosqkjdbigi |ek~| fyglsokgjd
o|kmiqo|m'
O|kmiqo|m 0
Gosqk lkmxkygc| iueoaos sei fkddk~ogn seqii sxi| kf o|kmiqo|m'
:' Lejog o|kmiqo|m jqo|i| cyi sk sei coffiqigli og sei jqqjgnimigs kf
ljqakg jskm|'
LE<
“ LE1
“ LE1
“ LE1
“ GK1
%dogijq lejog/
:-gosqk aysjgi
LE<
“ L E “ L E1
“ GK1
%aqjgleic lejog/tLE
<:-gosqk-1-mised xqkxjgi
1' Xk|osokg o|kmiqo|m jqo|i| cyi sk sei coffiqigli og sei xk|osokg kf
gosqk nqkyx'
LE<
“ LE1
“ LE1
“ GK1
:-gosqk xqkxjgi
LE< “ LE “ LE<tGK
1
1-gosqk xqkxjgi
<' Fyglsokgjd o|kmiqo|m o| cyi sk sei coffiqigli og sei gjsyqi kf
fyglsokgjd nqkyx' Gosqk jdbjgi| jqi fyglsokgjd o|kmiq| kf jdbd gosqosi|'
K
LE<
“ G LE<
“ K “ G = K
KGosqk misejgi Mised gosqosi
3' Sjysk miqo|m 0 Gosqkmisejgi iueoaos| sjyskmiqo|m$ j |xilojd sxikf o|kmiqo|m'
K K
LE<
“ G %gosqkfkqm/ jgc LE1
= G %jlogosqkfkqm/
K KE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 97/171
<16
Sei|i s~k fyglsokgjd o|kmiq| iuo|s og izyodoaqoym'
K K
LE<
“ G LE1
= G
K KEGosqk Jlogosqk
Seo| o| |joc sk iueoaos %――Gosqk-jlogosqk‟‟/ sjyskmiqo|m'
Akse xqomjq jgc |ilkgcjq gosqk lkmxkygc| iueoaos sei|i bogc| kf
sjyskmiqo|m'
18':': Xqixjqjsokg kf gosqkjdbjgi|
:' Sei jqi xqixjqic a eijsogn jg jdbd ejdoci ~ose jzyiky| isejgkdol
|odviq gosqjsi'
:' Q““U " JnGK1
JnU " Q ““ GK1
LE<LE1Ld " JnGK1 JnLd " LE<LE1 GK1
1' A coqils gosqjsokg kf jdbjgi| 0 Eiujgi jgc kseiq eoneiq jdbjgi|
ljg ai gosqjsic qijcod ~ose fymogn gosqol jloc kq ~ose kuoci| kf gosqknig'
Ek~iviq sei dk~iq ecqkljqakg| ljg ai gosqjsic kgd og sei vjxkyq xej|i
js eoneiq simxiqjsyqi' %61< “ >>< B/'L
6E
:3" EKGK
1L
6E
:<GK
1" E
1K
388kLLE
3" EKGK
1LE
<GK
1" E
1K
misejgi gosqol jloc gosqk misejgi
18':'1 Xqkxiqsoi|
Gosqk jdbjgi| jqi lkdkyqdi|| xdij|jgs |middogn dozyoc|' Gosqkmisejgi o|
|kdyadi og ~jsiq$ eoneiq mimaiq| jqi |xjqognd |kdyadi og ~jsiq ays qijcod
|kdyadi og kqnjgol |kdvigs|'
Sei jqi eoned xkdjq lkmxkygc|' Eigli sei jqi eone akodogn sejg seijdbd ejdoci| jgc jdbjgi|' Gosqk misejgi o| |donesd jlocol'
" K“
"K“
E “ L E1
“ G LE1
= G %Gosqkdol jloc/
K KE
%Gosqkfkqm/ %Sjyskmiqo|m/ %Jlo fkqm/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 98/171
<1>
Sei jlofkqm lkgsjog| qixdjlijadi ecqknig jskm' Eigli os co||kdvi| og
jdbjdo |kdysokg fkqmogn |jds dobi lkmxkygc|'
" K“ "
LE1
= G " GjKE LE1
= G “ K“ " E1K
K “ E K“ Gj"
Seo| jgokg iueoaos| qi|kgjgli'
"
K“
“ "
K“
“ "
K
LE1 = G LE1 “ G LE1 “ GK“ K K
“
Kgd xqomjq jgc |ilkgcjq gosqk lkmxkygc| aiejvi j| jloc| og xqi|igli
kf |sqkgn jdbjdo'
Seo| jgokg kf sei gosqkdol jloc o| ogvkdvic og mjg kf sei xqkxiqsoi| kf
gosqk jdbjgi|' %Gosqk misejgi/
:' Ejdknigjsokg
Gosqk jdbjgi| jqi qijcod ejdknigjsic og κ-xk|osokg og xqi|igli kf jdbjdo'
K Aq K Aq KAq
1t Aq
1t
LE<LE
1“G LE
<“ LE “ G LE
<“ L “ G
GjKE GjKE tK K Aq K
Mkgk aqkmk co aqkmk
gosqk isejgi gosqk isejgi
Gosqkmisejgi qijls| ~ose ejdknig og xqi|igli kf jdbjdo sk fkqm sqoejdknig
ciqovjsovi' %i'n'$/ ~ose ledkqogi os fkqm| ledkqkxolqog$ LLd<GK
1~eole o|
y|ic j| |kod |siqodopogn jnigs'
GjKE
LE<GK1 " <Ld1 LLd< GK1 " <ELdLedkqk xolqog
%sqoledkqk gosqk misejgi/
1' Qijlsokg ~ose jdcieci| jgc biskgi|
Lkgcig|jsokg ~ose jdcieci| jgc biskgi| og xqi|igli kf jdbjdo |kdysokg
sk novi Gosqkjdlkekd|'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 99/171
<15
cod' GjKEELEK " LE
<GK
1LE
1KE“LE
1GK
1
1-gosqk isejgkd
cod' GjKELE
<LEK " LE
<GK
1LE
<LEKE“LE
1GK
1
:-gosqk-1-xqkxjgkd
cod' GjKELE
<LKLE
<" LE
<GK
1%LE
</1LKE“LE
1GK
1
:-gosqk-1-mised-1-xqkxjgkd
<' Qicylsokg 0 %o/ \g+ELd kq Fi+ELd kq E1 +Qjgi golbid qicyli| gosqk
jdbjgi| sk jdbd jmogi|'
\g+ELd
Q “ G K1
" 6 RE] QGE1
" 1E1K
\g+ELdLE
<“ GK
1" 6 RE] LE
<GE
1" 1E
1K
Misedjmogi
%oo/ Qicylsokg ygciq giysqjd lkgcosokg| y|ogn Pg+GE3Ld kq Pg+LjLd
1-
ecqkud jmogi| jqi fkqmic'
Pg+GE3Ld
Q“GK1
" 3 %E/ QGEKE " E1K
Ecqkud jmogi
Pg+GE3Ld
LE<
“ LE1GK
1" 3 RE] LE
<LE
1GEKE " E
1K
%Gosqk isejgi/ ised ecqkudjmogi
3' Ecqkd|o| 0^eig akodic ~ose mogiqjd jloc| xqomjq gosqk jdbjgi$ ygciqnki|
co|xqkxkqsokgjsokg qijlsokg sk fkqm ljqakudol jloc jgc ecqkudjmogi'
ELd
LE<LE
1GK
1" E
1K LE
<LKKE " GE
1KE
jlisol jloc ecqkudjmogi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 100/171
<1?
18':'< Y|i| kf gosqk jdbjgi| 0
:' Sei jqi nkkc |kdvigs| fkq j djqni gymaiq kf kqnjgol lkmxkygc|
ogldycogn vogd xkdmiq|$ liddydk|i i|siq|$ |gseisol qyaaiq|$ kod|$ fjs|$ ~jui|
jgc ci|'
1' Y|ic og kqnjgol |gsei|o|'
Jllkygs fkq sei fkddk~ogn 0
%j/ Gosqk isejgi o| |kdyadi og GjKE |kdysokg'
%a/ Gosqk isejgi qijls| ~ose gosqky| jloc'
%l/ 1-mised-1-gosqk xqkxjgi o| gioseiq |kdyadi og GjKE gkq qijls| ~ose
gosqky| jloc'
Jg|~iq|'
%j/ iueoaos| sjyskmiqo|m kf gosqkfkqm jgc jlofkqm' Jlofkqm o| jlocol
jgc |kdyadi og GjKE'
%a/ LE<LE
1GK
1ej| s~k κκκκκ-ecqknig jgc sejs qijls| ~ose EGK
1'
%l/ LE<t
LE<
“ L “ LE<
tGK1
ej| gk κκκκκ-ecqknig' Eigli os cki| gks ejvi sei jakvi xqkxiqsoi|'
1' Xqicols sei xqkcyls'
GjKELE
<GK
1" Ld
1;
Jg|~iq 0 LLd<GK
1%ledkqk xolqog/
<' ejs ejxxig| ~eig gosqk isejgi o| akodic ~ose ELd ;
Jg|~iq 0 LE<LKKE " GE
1KE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 101/171
<<8
18'1 JQKMJSOL GOSQK LKMXKYGC\
Sei|i jqi sei |ya|sosysokg xqkcyls| kf jqkmjsol ecqkljqakg| dobi
aigpigi' Kgi kq mkqi ecqknig jskm| kf sei jqkmjsol qogn jqi qixdjlic a
gosqk nqkyx'
Gosqkaigpigi x-gosqk skdyigi m-cogosqk aigpigi 1$3$6-sqogosqk skdyigi
Seiqi jqi |kmi jqkmjsol lkmxkygc| ~eole ck gks ejvi gosqk nqkyx
coqilsd dogbic sk sei jqkmjsol gyldiy|' Sei Gosqk nqkyx o| xqi|igs og sei
|oci lejog'
Xeigd gosqk misejgi :-gosqk$:-xeigd isejgi
Gosqk aigpigi$ sei |omxdi|s kf jqkmjsol gosqk lkmxkygc|$ o| ljddic ―kod
kf moqajgi‟'
18'1': Xqixjqjsokg kf gosqk aigpigi
Os o| xqixjqic a sei jlsokg kf j mousyqi kf lkg' EGK< jgc lkg' E1\K3
%gosqjsogn mousyqi/ kg aigpigi mjogsjogogn sei simxiqjsyqi aidk~ <<< B'
Lkgl'E
1\K
3" EGK
<" E
1K
<<8B
\ydxeyqol jloc nigiqjsi| sei idilsqkxeodi “GK1"$ gosqkgoym okg-fqkm
gosqol jloc' Seo| o| jg iujmxdi kf jqkmjsol idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg'
"
GK1
GK1
LE<
GK1
GK1
LE<
GK1
GK1
K1G
LE1GK
1
LE<
t
LE“GK1
GK1
GK1
Lkgl'
E
GK1
E
GK1
"
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 102/171
<<:
Sei nigiqjsokg kf gosqkgoym okg'
E
t
E1\K
3" EKGK
1E “ K “ GK
1" E\K
3“
"
E
t "
E “ K “ GK1
E1K " GK
1"
Sk sei gosqkgoym okg %aiogn jg idilsqkg cifoloigs |xiloi/ sei ψ akgc kf
aigpigi$ ckgjsi| j xjoq kf idilsqkg| fkqmogn j γ-akgc' J |xiloi ~ose j " vi
lejqni o| fkqmic j| jg ogsiqmicojsi' Seo| o| ljddic ―jqigoym okg‟ jgc o|
|sjaodo|ic a Qi|kgjgli'
Og sei dj|s |six$ sei ecqknig jskm jssjleic sk sei ljqakg ljqqogn sei
gosqk nqkyx o| xyddic kys j| j xqkskg$ a sei Di~o| aj|i E\K3
“$ |k sejs
|sjadi jqkmjsol ||sim o| fkqmic'
18'1'1 Xe|oljd Xqkxiqsoi|
Jqkmjsol gosqk lkmxkgc| jqi iddk~ lkdkyqic dozyoc %gosqk aigpigi/ kq
|kdoc| %kseiq mimaiq|/' Gosqk aigpigi ej| sei |midd kf ―aossiq jdmkgc|‟
jgc o| ljddic ―sei kod kf Moqajgi‟' Sei jqi og|kdyadi og ~jsiq ays |kdyadi og
kqnjgol |kdvigs| |yle j| aigpigi$ isejgkd jgc iseiq' Sei ejvi eone akodogn
jgc midsogn xkogs| ~eole o| iuxdjogic a eoned xkdjq gjsyqi kf “GK1
nqkyx'
E
GK1
E
"
E
GK1
" E\K3
E
"
“
GK1
" E1\K
3
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 103/171
<<1
Gosqk nqkyx lkgsjog| gosqknig og "< kuocjsokg |sjsi %j| gosqknig os|idf jg
idilsqkginjsovi idimigs$ iuo|sogn og j "< kuocjsokg |sjsi/' Eigli qicylsokg
kf gosqk nqkyx o| sei omxkqsjgs leimoljd qijlsokg'
Cixigcogn kg sei gjsyqi kf sei qicylogn jnigs jgc xE kf sei qicylogn
micoym - qicylsokg xqkliic| sk coffiqigs iusigs| jgc eigli coffiqigs xqkcyls|
jqi fkqmic'
:' Qicylsokg kf gosqkaigpigi
%j/ \sqkgnd jlocol micoym
^eig qicylic ~ose sog jgc ecqkledkqol jloc$ jqkmjsol gosqk
lkmxkygc| jqi lkgviqsic sk jqd jmogi|'
\g+lkg'ELdL
6E
9GK
1" 6 RE] L
6E
9GE
1" 1E
1K
kq
Fi+lkg'ELd Jgodogi
%a/ Giysqjd micoym
^eig qicylic~ose j giysqjd$ qicylogn jnigs| dobi pogl cy|s jgc jzyiky|
jmmkgoym ledkqoci$ jqkmjsol gosqk lkmxkygc| fkqm jqd ecqkudjmogi|'
Pg+GE3Ld
L6E
9GK
1" 3 RE] L
6E
9GEKE " E
1K
Xeigd ecqkudjmogi
%l/ Jdbjdogi micoym
Og jdbjdogi micoym$ Gosqk aigpigi kg qicylsokg fkqm| sei ogsiqmicojsi
xqkcyls| gosqk|kaigpigi %L6E9GK/ jgc xeigd ecqkudjmogi%L
6E
9GEKE/' Sei|i ygciqnk aomkdilydjq lkgcig|jsokg qijlsokg' Jllkqcogn
sk sei jxxqkxqojsi qicylogn jnigs og jdbjdogi micoym coffiqigs xqkcyls| jqi
kasjogic'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 104/171
<<<
Gj<J|K
< +GjKE
L6E9 “ G = G “ L6E9kq ndylk|i " GjKE ↜
K
\gLd1
" GjKE jpku aigpigi
L6E
9GK
1L
6E
9“ G = G “ L
6E
9
jpk aigpigi
Pg+GjKE
L6E
9“ GE “ GE “ L
6E
9
ecqjpk aigpigi kq
%G$ G. - coxeigd ecqjpogi/
%c/ Ljsjdsol qicylsokg
Doseoym Jdymogoym ecqoci o| j xk~iqfyd ecqoci okg ckgkq' \k os qicyli|
gosqk aigpigi sk Jgodogi' Seo| qicylsokg ljg jd|k ai ljqqoic kys a E1 +Go'
DoJdE3
L6E
9GK
1L
6E
9GE
1RJgodogi]
E1 +Go
L6E
9GK
1L
6E
9GE
1Ljsjdsol
ecqknigjsokg
%i/ Idilsqkdsol Qicylsokg 0
^eig gosqk aigpigi o| qicylic idilsqkdsoljdd og xqi|igli kf
lkgligsqjsic |ydxeyqol jloc$ xeigd ecqkudjmogi o| foq|s xqkcylic ~eole
qijqqjgni| sk novi x-jmogk xeigkd'
Qijlsokg| cyi sk sei aigpigi qogn 0
Aigpigi qogn ljg sjbi xjqs og idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg' Sei
xqi|igli kf gosqk nqkyx mjbi| sei qogn di|| qijlsovi Rcijlsovjsi] sk~jqc|
idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg' Gosqk nqkyx o| misjcoqilsogn nqkyx'Eigli og sei|i qijlsokg| m-|ya|sosysic xqkcyls| jqi fkqmic'
:' Gosqjsokg
Gosqk aigpigi ljg ai gosqjsic ~ose sei mousyqi kf lkgligsqjsic gosqol
jloc jgc |ydxeyqol jloc js :88k L sk novi m-cogosqk aigpigi' Y|ogn fymogn
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 105/171
<<3
gosqol jloc jgc lkg' |ydxeyqol jloc jgc ~eig sei simxiqjsyqi o| oglqij|ic sk
3<< B gosqk aigpigi novi| :$<$9-sqogosqk aigpigi'
Lkg'EGK<
Lkg' E1\K3 +<>< B
m-cogosqkaigpigi
Fymogn EGK<
lkg'E1\K
3 +3<< B
:$<$9-Sqogosqk aigpigi
1' Ledkqogjsokg
Ledkqogi og xqi|igli kf jgecqky| fiqqol ledkqoci nigiqjsi| xk|osovid
lejqnic |xiloi|' Ledkqogjsokg sjbi| xdjli js misj xk|osokg'
Ld1 +FiLd
<
<-ledkqk gosqk aigpigi
Fiqqol ledkqoci o| sei Di~o| jloc ljsjd|s'
<' \ydxekgjsokg
^eig ~jqmic ~ose lkg' E1\K
3$ <-Gosqk aigpigi |ydxekgol jloc o|
kasjogic'
lkg'E1\K
3
∆
m-gosqk aigpigi |ydxekgol jloc
GK1 GK1
GK1
GK1
Ld
GK1
GK1
GK1
\K<E
GK1
GK1
GK1
K1G
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 106/171
<<9
Y|i| kf gosqk aigpigi
:' Jqkmjsol gosqk lkmxkygc| jqi y|ic sk fkqm lkqqi|xkgcogn jmogk
lkmxkygc|'
1' Sei jqi y|ic sk xqixjqi iuxdk|ovi| dobi SGS$ :$<$9-sqogosqk aigpigi'
<' Y|ic og mjbogn ci |syff| jgc xejqmjliysoljd|'
\YMMJQ_ KF GOSQK LKMXKYGC\
Kqnjgol gosqknig lkmxkygc| - |sqylsyqi gkmigldjsyqi - o|kmiqo|m -
gosqk-jlogosqk sjyskmiqo|m'
Xqixjqjsokg - coqils gosqjsokg kf ecqkljqakg|$ gyldikxeodol |ya|sosysokg
~ose jdbd ejdoci'
Xqkxiqsoi| 0 Xkdjq lkmxkygc| - eone akodogn ~eig lkmxjqic sk
ecqkljqakg| kq jdbd ejdoci|' κ-ecqknig ljg ai qimkvic j| j xqkskg a j
aj|i fkqmogn ljqajgokg - Seo| ygciqnki| lkgcig|jsokg ~ose jdcieci| jgc
biskgi| - Qicylsokg og jloc$ giysqjd micoym - Omxkqsjgli kf Volskq Miiq
Si|s'
Jqkmjsol gosqk lkmxkygc - jqkmjsol idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg - gosqjsogn
mousyqi - jqkmjsol gosqk lkmxkygc| - iddk~ kod| kq |kdoc| - Qicylsokg ygciq
vjqoky| lkgcosokg| - jlocol$ giysqjd$ jdbjdogi micoym| jgc idilsqkdsol
qicylsokg'
Xkdgosqk lkmxkygc| - iuxdk|ovi|'
18'< JMOGI\
Jmogi| jqi lkmxkygc| ciqovic fqkm jmmkgoj a qixdjlogn kgi kq mkqi
ecqknig jskm| a jdbd kq jqd nqkyx'
'' '' ''E “ G “ E LE
<“ G“E L
6E
9“ G “ E
t t t
E E E
Jmmkgoj Jdoxejsol jmogi Jqkmjsol jmogi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 107/171
<<6
Jmogi| jqi aj|ol og gjsyqi' Sei jllixs xqkskg| fkqmogn jdbd kq jqd
jmmkgoym okg|'
'' "
E" " QGE1
Q “ G E1
t
Xqkskg Jdbd jmogi E jdbd jmmkgoym okg
18'<': Ldj||ofoljsokg kf jmogi|
Jmogi| jqi ldj||ofoic j| xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq jmogi|' eig
kgi kf sei ecqknig jskm| og jmmkgoj o| qixdjlic a jdbd kq jqd nqkyx$ oso| xqomjq jmogi'
LE<LE
1GE
1L
6E
9GE
1
isedjmogi jgodogi
Of s~k ecqknig jskm| kf jmogk nqkyx jqi qixdjlic a jdbd kq jqd
nqkyx|$ os o| j |ilkgcjq jmogi'
%LE</1
GE - comised jmogi
Of seqii ecqknig jskm| jqi qixdjlic a jdbd kq jqd nqkyx|$ os o| siqsojq
jmogi'
%LE</< G - Sqomised jmogi
E Q Qt t t
Q “ G “ E Q “ G “ E Q “ G “ QXqomjq \ilkgcjq Siqsojq
:k 1k <k
Xqomjq jmogi ej| GE1
nqkyx %s~k ecqknig jskm|
akgcic sk gosqknig/
\ilkgcjq jmogi ej| GE nqkyx %kgd kgi ecqknig akgcic
sk gosqknig/
Siqsojq jmogi ej| “ G nqkyx %Gk ecqknig jskm akgcic
sk gosqknig/
Nigiqjdd sei |sqignse kf sei aj|i o| og sei kqciq'
<k jmogi 7 1k jmogi 7 :k jmogi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 108/171
<<>
Ays ailjy|i kf |siqol iffils sei kqciq kf sei aj|ol |sqignse o|
1k jmogi 7 :k jmogi 7 <k jmogi
Gkmigldjsyqi kf Jdoxejsol jmogi|
OYXJL ||sim o| |omodjq sk sejs kf jdbd ejdoci|'
Mkdilydjq |sqylsyqi OYXJL gjmi Lkmmkg gjmi
LE<
“ GE1
jmogk misejgi mised jmogi
LE< “ L E “ L E< 1-jmogk xqkxjgi o|kxqkxd jmogit
GE1
LE<LE
1LE
1GE
1:-jmogk xqkxjgi g-xqkxd jmogi
LE<
“ L E “ L E1
“ GE1
:-jmogk-1-mised o|kaysd jmogi
t xqkxjgi
LE<
LE<
tLE
<“ L E “ L E “ L E
<1-jmogk-<-mised o|kxigsd jmogi
t aysjgi
GE1
LE<GE LE
1LE
<%G-mised jmogk/ ised misedisejgi jmogi
LE<GE “ LE “ LE
<1-%G-mised jmogk/ mised o|kxqkxd
t xqkxjgi jmogi
LE<
LE<
“ G “ LE “ LE1
LE<
1-%G$G-comised comised |il'aysdt t jmogk/ aysjgi jmogiLE
<LE
<
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 109/171
<<5
18'<'1 Nigiqjd misekc| kf xqixjqjsokg kf jmogi|
Qicylsokg kf lkmxkygc| lkgsjogogn ljqakg-gosqknig akgc|'
:' Ljsjdsol kq leimoljd qicylsokg kf gosqk jdbjgi' Xqomjq jmogi|
ljg ai kasjogic a qicylsokg kf gosqk jdbjgi| ~ose E1
+ Xs %kq Go/ kq doseoym
jdymogoym ecqoci'
<E1 +Go kq Xs
%j/ LE<
LE1
GK1
LE<LE
1GE
1" 1E
1K
Gosqk isejgi Isedjmogi
\g %kq/ Pg+ELd%a/ LE
<LE
1GK
1LE
<LE
1GE
1" 1E
1K
DoJdE3
%l/ LE<GK
1LE
<GE
1
Gosqk misejgi Mised jmogi
1' Qicylsokg kf jmoci| 0 Jmogi| ljg ai kasjogic a qicylsokg kf jmoci|
~ose doseoym jdymogoym ecqoci kq |kcoym jgc jdlkekd'
Gj+L1E
9KE
%j/ LE<LKGE
1" 3 RE] LE
<LE
1GE
1" E
1K
%Jlisjmoci/ Isedjmogi
DoJdE3%a/ LE
<LKGELE
<LE
<LE
1GELE
<%G-mised jlisjmoci/ %\ilkgcjq jmogi/
misedisedjmogi
<' Qicylsokg kf ljgoci| 0
Xqomjq jmogi| ljg ai xqixjqic a qicylsokg kf jdbd ljgoci| %gosqodi|/
~ose E1 +Go kq doseoym jdymogoym ecqoci'
Gj+L1E
9KE
%j/ LE<L ≪ G " 3 RE] LE
<LE
1GE
1
DoJdE3
%a/ LE<L ≪ G LE
<LE
1GE
1
Iseiq
E1 +Go
%l/ LE<L ≪ G LE
<LE
1GE
1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 110/171
<<?
3' Qicylsokg kf jdbd o|kljgoci| 0
\ilkgcjq jmogi ljg ai xqixjqic a sei ljsjdsol qicylsokg kq qicylsokg
a doseoym jdymogoym ecqoci kf jdbd o|k ljgoci'
E1 +Xs
LE<
“ G ≪ L LE<GELE
<Mised o|kljgoci Comisedjmogi
DoJdE3LE
<“ G ≪ L LE
<GE LE
<iseiq
9' Fqkm jmoci|
A idomogjsokg qijlsokg - xqomjq jmogi o| xqixjqic'
Ekffmjg‟| exkaqkmosi qijlsokg kq Ekffmjg‟| aqkmjmoci qijlsokg
Aq1 +BKE
LE<LKGE
1LE
<GE
1" LK
1
Seo| qijlsokg ogvkdvi| sei fkqmjsokg kf
%o/ Aqkmjmoci a |ya|sosysokg kf “GE1
ecqknig' LE<LKGEAq'
%oo/ Og xqi|igli kf BKE Raj|i]$ |jds kf aqkmjmoci o| fkqmic'“
LE<LK “ G “ Aq " B"
''
%ooo/ Aqkmogi dijvi| j| aqkmoci okg fkqmogn gosqigi'
'' ''LE
<LK “ G “ Aq LE
<“ LK “ G " Aq“
'' ''Gosqigi - jg idilsqkg
cifoloigs |xiloi'
%ov/ Monqjsokg kf LE<- sk idilsqkg cifoloigs gosqknig fkqm| misedo|kljgjsi'
Ktt ''
LE<
“ L “ G K = L = G “ LE<''
''
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 111/171
<38
%v/ Og jzyiky| jdbjdogi micoym$ o|kljgjsi nis| ldijvic sk novi xqomjq
jmogi jgc ljqakgcokuoci'
LE<
“ G = L = K LE<GE
1" LK
1
E1“ K misedjmogi
mised o|kljgjsi
6' Fqkm jmmkgoj 0
A eijsogn jgjdbd ejdoci ~ose jdlkekdol jmmkgoj og j |ijdic syai$ j
mousyqi kf xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq$ siqsojq jmogi| jgc zyjqsiqgjq jmmkgoym
|jds jqi kasjogic'
Gyldikxeodol |ya|sosysokg kf jdbd ejdoci kq jdlkekd a Jmmkgkd|o|'
%Jmmkgoj o| sei gyldikxeodi og seo| qijlsokg/'
%j/ LE<Aq " GE
<LE
<GE
1" EAq
LE<Aq " LE
<GE
1%LE
</1
GE " EAq
LE<Aq " %LE
</1
GE %LE</<
G " EAq
LE<Aq " %LE</< G %LE</3 G" Aq“
Sisqjmised jmmkgoym aqkmoci %j zyjqsiqgjq jmmkgoym |jds/
%a/ Jmogi| ljg ai xqixjqic a xj||ogn sei vjxkyq| kf jdlkekd jgc
jmmkgoj kviq eijsic jdymogj js 6>< B' J mousyqi kf xqomjq |ilkgcjq
jgc siqsojq jmogi| jqi xqkcylic'
Jd1K
<LE
<LE
1KE " GE
<%LE
<LE
1/ GE
1" E
1K
>1<B:k jmogi
Jd1K
<LE
<LE
1KE " %LE
<LE
1/1
GE %LE<LE
1/1GE " E
1K
1kjmogicoised jmogi
Jd1K
<LE
<LE
1KE " %LE
<LE
1/1GE %LE
<LE
1/<
G " E1K
<k jmogisqoisedjmogi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 112/171
<3:
LK
LK
Og akse kf sei jakvi misekc|$ xyqi jmogi| ljggks ai xqixjqic' Kgd
mousyqi kf jmogi| jqi kasjogic'
>' Njaqoid‟| xesejdomoci |gsei|o| kf xqomjq jmogi'
BKE QUGE GB G“Q
xesejdomoci xksj||oym xesejdomoci G-jdbd xesejdomoci
jzyiky| BKE
" QGE1
jdbdjmogi
xksj||oym xesejdjsi
Seo| ogvkdvi| sei sqijsmigs kf xesejdomoci ~ose xksj||oym ecqkuoci sk
fkqm xksj||oym |jds' Sei |jds o| seig eijsic ~ose jg jdbd ejdoci sk novi
G-jdbd xesejdomoci$ ~eole og syqg qijls| ~ose xksj||oym ecqkuoci sk fkqm
j xksj||oym xesejdjsi |jds jgc j xyqi xqomjq jmogi'
18'<'< Xqkxiqsoi|
:' Jmogi| jqi xkdjq mkdilydi|$ ljxjadi kf fkqmogn |sqkgn
ogsiqmkdilydjq ecqknig akgc|'
Q Q Qt t t
'''''' G “ E t t t t t t G “ E ''''' G“Et t tE E E
Seo| iuxdjog| eoneiq akodogn xkogs| %lkmxjqic sk ecqkljqakg|/ jgc
|kdyaodos og ~jsiq jgc jdlkekd' Eoneiq mimaiq| jqi di|| |kdyadi og ~jsiq'
1' Nigiqjdd jmogi| ejvi fo|e kckyq'
<' Sei |sqignse kf ecqknig akgc| jgc eigli sei akodogn xkogs| kf jmogi|
jqi og sei kqciq'
\ilkgcjq jmogi 7 Xqomjq jmogi 7 Siqsojq jmogi
LK
LK
LK
LK
LKKB
LKKB
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 113/171
<31
Seqii jdbd nqkyx| eogciq sei fkqmjsokg kf ecqknig akgc| kq jllixsogn
kf xqkskg|'
Leimoljd xqkxiqsoi| 0
:' Aj|ol xqkxiqsoi| 0
%j/ Aj|ol gjsyqi kf jmogi|
Sei gosqknig og jmogi| xk||i|| jg yg|ejqic xjoq kf idilsqkg| %dkgi
xjoq/' Sei dkgi xjoq kf idilsqkg| o| jvjodjadi fkq sei fkqmjsokg kf j gi~ akgc
~ose j xqkskg kq Di~o| jloc|' Sey| jmogi| jqi aj|ol og gjsyqi jgc sei qijls
~ose jloc| sk fkqm |jds|'
Jmogi| jqi ~ijb aj|i| jgc sei xqkcyli |mjdd jmkygs kf okg| og jzyiky|
|kdysokg|' Sei iusigs kf okg fkqmjsokg o| ci|lqoaic a jg izyodoaqoym lkg|sjgs
Ba' Seo| aj|olos lkg|sjgs iuxdjog| sei qidjsovi |sqignse kf j ~ijb aj|i'
\sqkgniq aj|i| ~odd ejvi eoneiq gymiqoljd vjdyi| kf %Ba/ seo| lkg|sjgs'
Qidjsovi aj|ol |sqignse
Sei nqijsiq o| sei gymaiq kf idilsqkg qidij|ogn jdbd nqkyx|$ sei nqijsiq
sei jvjodjaodos kf gosqknig‟| dkgi xjoq jgc |sqkgniq sei aj|i'
LE<'' '' tGE< 4 LE<GE1 4 LE< “ GE
''
Ays og sqomised jmogi akgcogn a xqkskg o| qidjsovid coffolyds cyi sk
|siqol lqk~cogn kf mised nqkyx|'
Jmogi| qijls ~ose ~jsiq fkqmogn jdbd jmmkgoym ecqkuoci'
''"
LE<
“ GE1
" E1K LE
<GE
<KE“
mised jmmkgoym ecqkuoci
%a/ \jds fkqmjsokg 0
Jmogi| jqi aj|ol lkmxkygc|' Sei qijls ~ose jloc| sk fkqm jdbd
jmmkgoym |jds|'
LE<GE
1" ELd LE
<GE
<" Ld“
mised jmmkgoym ledkqoci
''
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 114/171
<3<
1' Jdbdjsokg kf jmogi 0
^eig jg jmogi o| sqijsic ~ose jdbd ejdoci$ ecqknig jskm| jssjleic sk
sei gosqknig jskm jqi |ylli||ovid qixdjlic a jdbd nqkyx|' Og sei fogjd
|six$ sei siqsojq jmogi jcc| kgi mkdilydi kf sei jdbd ejdoci sk oidc j
zyjsiqgjq jmmkgoym |jds'
LE<Aq LE
<Aq LE
<Aq
LE<GE
1LE
<GELE
<%LE
</1
GLE<
%LE</3
G"Aq“
:k jmogi 1k jmogi <k jmogi Zyjqsiqgjq |jds|
Sei|i qijlsokg| ogvkdvi \G1 milejgo|m'
<' Jldjsokg kf jmogi 0
Kg sqijsmigs ~ose jlisd ledkqoci kq kg eijsogn ~ose jlisol jgecqoci$
G-jdbd jlisjmoci o| fkqmic'
LE<LKLd
LE<GE
1LE
<GELKLE
<
Mised jmogi G-mised jlisjmoci
LE<LKKLKLE
<
Jlisol jgecqoci
Akse sei jakvi qijlsokg| ogvkdvi gyldikxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg -
sei gyldikxeodi aiogn jdbd jmogi jgc sei dijvogn nqkyx sei ejdoci okg kq
jlisjsi okg'
3' Qijlsokg ~ose Gosqky| jloc 0
%j/ Xqomjq jmogi| qijls ~ose gosqky| jloc sk fkqm jdlkekd| jgc gosqknig
nj|'
LE<GE
1" K = G “ KE RLE
<“G=G “ KE] LE
<KE " G
1
xqomjq jmogi yg|sjadi
Jdoxejsol cojpkgoym lkmxkygc o| yg|sjadi ailjy|i kf ja|igli kf
qi|kgjgli |sjaodo|jsokg'
Jlisd ledkqoci
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 115/171
<33
%a/ \ilkgcjq jmogi| qijls ~ose gosqky| jloc sk fkqm G-gosqk|k jmogi|
~eole jqi ~jsiq og|kdyadi iddk~ kod|'
%LE</1
G E " EK “ G = K %LE</1
G “ G = K
\ilkgcjq jmogi G-gosqk|k comised jmogi - iddk~ kod
%og|kdyadi og ~jsiq/
%l/ Siqsojq jmogi| qijls ~ose gosqky| jloc sk fkqm sqojdbd jmmkgoym
gosqosi |jds| ~eole jqi |kdyadi og ~jsiq'
%LE</<
G " EKGK %LE</<
GE" GK1
“
Siqsojq jmogi sqomised jmmkgoym gosqosi
%|jds |kdyadi og ~jsiq/
9' Ljqadjmogi qijlsokg 0
Xqomjq jmogi| kg eijsogn ~ose ledkqkfkqm jgc jdlkekdol xksj|e fkqm|
j fkyd |middogn |ya|sjgli ljddic ljqadjmogi kq jdbd o|kljgoci'
LE<GE
1" LELd
<" <BKE LE
<GL " <BLd " <E
1K
Ledkqkfkqm Mised o|kljgoci
Seo| qijlsokg o| lejqjlsiqo|sol kf xqomjq jmogi|' \ilkgcjq jgc
siqsojq jmogi| ck gks ygciqnk seo| qijlsokg'
6' My|sjqc kod qijlsokg 0
Seo| o| jd|k j qijlsokg lejqjlsiqo|sol kf xqomjq jmogi' ^eig xqomjq
jmogi| jqi ~jqmic ~ose ljqakgco|ydxeoci jgc miqlyqol ledkqoci$ jdbd
o|kseokljgjsi$ ejvogn j xygnigs my|sjqc dobi kckyq o| kasjogic'
LE<GE
1" \ = L = \ LE
<“ G = L = \ " E
1\
Ljqakgco|ydxeoci mised o|kseokljgjsi
>' Fkqmjsokg kf \leoff‟| aj|i
Xqomjq jmogi| lkgcig|i ~ose jqkmjsol jdcieci| fkqmogn \leoff‟|
aj|i|'
L6E
9LEK " E
1G LE
<L
6E
9LE = GLE
<\leoff‟| aj|i
%aigpjd-G-mised jmogi/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 116/171
<39
18'<'3 Co|soglsokg ais~iig xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq jmogi|
Xqomjq jmogi \ilkgcjq jmogi Siqsojq jmogi
QGE1
Q1GE Q
<G
:' ^ose EGK1
fkqm| fkqm| G-gosqk|k fkqm| |jds'
jdlkekd' jmogi'
1' ^ose LELd< +BKE Gk qijlsokg' Gk qijlsokg
fkqm| ljqadjmogi
<' ^ose jlisd ledkqoci fkqm G$G-cojdbd Gk qijlsokg
fkqm| G-jdbd jlisjmoci'jlisjmoci'
3' ^ose L\1
jgc EnLd1
Gk qijlsokg Gk qijlsokg
jdbd o|kseokljgjsi
o| fkqmic'
9' ^ose Coised kujdjsi Fkqm| G$G-cojdbd Gk qijlsokg
kujmol i|siq$ j dozyoc'
LKGQ1
tLKKL
1E
9
cojdbd kujmoci$ j
|kdoc js qkkm
simxiqjsyqi o|
fkqmic'
6' ^ose seqii mkdjq ose s~k mkdjq ^ose kgd kgi
xqkxkqsokg kf jdbd xqkxkqsokg kf mkdjq xqkxkqsokg
ejdoci$ zyjqsiqgjq jdbd ejdoci$ kf jdbd ejdoci
jmmkgoym |jds- zyjsiqgjq zyjqsiqgjq
lq|sjddogi jmmkgoym |jds jmmkgoym |jds
lkmxkygc o| fkqmic' o| fkqmic'
o| fkqmic'
<QU " QGE1
Q3G"U“ Q
1GE " 1QE Q
3G" U“ Q
<G " QU Q
3G" U“
18'3 Jqkmjsol jmogi|Jmogi| lkgsjogogn xeigd nqkyx jqi bgk~g j| jqkmjsol jmogi|' Sei|i
jqkmjsol jmogi| jqi kf s~k sxi|'
%o/ Jmogi| og ~eole sei jmogk nqkyx o| coqilsd jssjleic sk sei aigpigi
qogn'
LKKL1E
9LKGEQ
t 1QGE1
t
LKKL1E
9LKGEQ
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 117/171
<36
%oo/ Jmogi| og ~eole sei jmogk nqkyx o| jssjleic sk sei |oci lejog kf
aigpigi qogn'
aigpd jmogi
Jqjdbd jmogi| 0
Sei|i jqi jmogi| ejvogn jqkmjsol ||sim |yle j| aigpigi qogn ays sei
jmogk nqkyx o| xqi|igs og sei |oci lejog'
Aigpd jmogi x-Skdd jmogk misejgi
ROYXJL 0 xeigd jmogk misejgi]
18'3': Xqixjqjsokg kf aigpd jmogi
:' Qicylsokg kf aigpkgosqodi| kq aigpjmoci|
A sei qicylsokg kf aigpkgosqodi kq aigpjmoci ljsjdsoljdd kq ~ose
Doseoym Jdymogoym Ecqoci'
E1 +Go
L6E
9L ≪ G L
6E
9LE
1GE
1
Aigpkgosqodi
DoJdE3
E1 +Xc
L6E
9LKGE
1
AigpjmociL
6E
9LE
1GE
1
DoJdE3
GE1
LE1GE
1
LE1GE
1LE
1GE
1
E<L
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 118/171
<3>
1' Fqkm aigpdaqkmoci
A sei jlsokg kf jdlkekdol jmmkgoj kg aigpd aqkmoci'
L6E
9LE
1“ Aq " E“GE
1L
6E
9LE
1GE
1" EAq
18'3'1 Xe|oljd Xqkxiqsoi|
Lkdkyqdi|| dozyoc$ |xjqognd |kdyadi og ~jsiq' Os o| j ~ijbiq aj|i sejg
misedjmogi'
Leimoljd Xqkxiqsoi|:' Aj|ol xqkxiqsoi| 0
Os qijls| ~ose jloc| sk fkqm |jds'
L6E
9LE
1GE
1" ELd L
6E
9LE
1GE
<Ld“
aigpdjmogi aigpd jmmkgoym ledkqoci
1' \ya|sosysokg js Gosqknig
G-jdbdjsokg 0 ^ose jdbd ejdoci os fkqm| |ilkgcjq jmogi$ siqsojq jmogi
jgc fogjdd zyjsiqgjq jmmkgoym |jds'
LE<Aq LE
<Aq
L6E
9LE
1GE
1L
6E
9LE
1GELE
<L
6E
9LE
1G %LE
</1
L6E
9LE
1G %LE
</<
Aq“ LE
<Aq
G-Jlisdjsokg 0
^ose jlisd ledkqoci kq eijsogn ~ose jlisol jgecqoci G-aigpd jlisjmoci
o| fkqmic'
L6E
9LE
1“ GE
1" LdLKLE
<L
6E
9LE
1GELKLE
<" ELd
G-aigpd jlisjmoci
L6E
9LE
1GE
1" %LE
<LK/
1K L
6E
9LE
1GELKLE
<" LE
<LKKE
G-aigpd jlisjmoci
<' ^ose gosqky| jloc
^ose gosqky| jloc os fkqm| aigpd jdlkekd'
L6E
9LE
1GE
1" K = G “ KE L
6E
9LE
1KE " G
1
"
"
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 119/171
<35
3' Kuocjsokg
Kg kuocjsokg ~ose xiqmjgnjgjsi sei |oci lejog ~ose sei jmogk nqkyx o|
kuoco|ic sk novi aigpkol jloc'
BMgK3
RK]
Aigpdjmogi Aigpkol jloc
18'3'< Jqkmjsol jmogi| 0
Sei|i jqi lkmxkygc| og ~eole jmogk nqkyx o| coqilsd akgcic sk j
ljqakg jskm fkqmogn sei aigpigi kq jg jqkmjsol qogn'
Jgodogi k-Skdyocogi
Jgodogi kq jmogk aigpigi$ K-Skdyocogi kq kqsekjmogk skdyigi' Sei|i
jqi jd|k ljddic gyldijq |ya|sosysic jmogi|'
18'3'3 JgodogiXqixjqjsokg 0
Mjgyfjlsyqi 0
:' A sei ljsjdsol qicylsokg kf gosqk aigpigi'
Vjxkyqo|ic gosqk aigpigi ~ose ecqknig o| xj||ic kviq lkxxiq |yxxkqsic
kg |odolj js 93< B jgc jgodogi o| kasjogic'
E1 +Ly+\oK
1
93< B
1' A sei leimoljd qicylsokg kf gosqkaigpigi ygciq |sqkgnd jlocol
lkgcosokg |yle j| \g+ELd kq ~ose Ecqoci ckgkq| dobi DoJdE3'
\g+ELd" 1E
1K
%E/
LE1GE
1LKKE
GE1 GE
1
LE<
GK1
GE1
GK1 GE
1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 120/171
<3?
Qicylsokg ~ose Fi+lkg' ELd o| y|ic fkq sei djqni |ljdi xqixjqjsokg kf
jgodogi'
<' A sei jmmkgkd|o| kf ledkqk aigpigi js eone simxiqjsyqi jgc
xqi||yqi og xqi|igli kf lkxxiq |jds|$ jgodogi o| xqixjqic'
LyLd1
L6E
9Ld " 1GE
<L
6E
9GE
1" GE
3Ld
jmmkgoym ledkqoci
3' Ekffmjgg qijlsokg 0 Y|ogn aigpjmoci'
^eig jg jmoci o| sqijsic ~ose aqkmogi jgc jdbjdo$ sei jmoci o| lkgviqsic
ogsk xqomjq jmogi lkgsjogogn kgi ljqakg di|| sejg sejs kf jmoci'
Aq1
L6E
9LKGE
1L
6E
9GE
1" LK
1BKE
18'3'9 Xqkxiqsoi|
J lkdkyqdi|| kod dozyoc |xjqognd |kdyadi og ~jsiq' \kdyadi og kqnjgol
|kdvigs' Os ej| eoneiq akodogn xkogs sejg aigpigi$ailjy|i kf ogsiqmkdilydjq
ecqknig akgcogn' Seo| dozyoc syqg| aqk~g kg iuxk|yqi sk joq cyi sk
kuocjsokg'
Aj|ol gjsyqi kf Jqkmjsol jmogi| 0
Jgodogi o| di|| aj|ol sejg jdoxejsol jmogi|' Seo| o| ailjy|i$ sei dkgi xjoq
kf idilsqkg| kg sei gosqknig jskm o| ogvkdvic og qi|kgjgli jgc o| gks ij|od
jvjodjadi fkq ckgjsokg sk xqkskg|' Ailjy|i kf xk|osovi lejqni kg gosqknig
xqkskgjsokg ailkmi| coffolyds'
Lkg|izyigli kf sei qi|kgjgli |ek~g jakvi 0
:' ijbiq aj|i sejg jdoxejsol jmogi'
1' Sei idilsqkg cig|os o| oglqij|ic og sei aigpigi qogn jgc eigli sei
aigpigi qogn o| jlsovjsic sk~jqc| idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg'
E1G0 E
1G"
%“/
E1G"
%“/
%“/
E1G"
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 121/171
<98
<' Kqsek jgc xjqj xk|osokg| jqi mkqi idilsqkg cig|i eigli idilsqkxeodol
|ya|sosysokg sjbi| xdjli js kqsek jgc xjqj xk|osokg|'
3' Gosqknig o| |sqkgnd akygc sk sei gyldiy| eigli o| gks ij|od qimkvic'
%xjqsojd L-G ckyadi akgc lejqjlsiq/
:' Aj|ol xqkxiqs 0
Sei|i fkqm lq|sjddogi |jds| ~ose |sqkgn mogiqjd jloc| |yle j| ELd kq
E1\K3'
L6E
9GE
1" ELd L
6E
9GE
<Ld“
jgodogi ecqkledkqoci kq xeigd
jmmkgoym ledkqoci
1' \ya|sosysokg kf gosqknig 0
%j/ Jdbdjsokg ~ose jdbd ejdoci| os fkqm| 1k$ <k jmogi| jgc fogjdd
zyjsiqgjq jmmkgoym |jds'
LE<O
L6E
9GE
1" LE
<O L
6E
9GELE
<L
6E
9G %LE
</1
1k jmogi <k jmogi
%G-mised jgodogi/ %G$ G-comised jgodogi/
LE<OL6E9G %LE</1 L6E9G %LE</< O“
Xeigd sqomised jmmkgoym okcoci
%a/ Jgodogi qijls| ~ose jlisd ledkqoci jgc jlisol jgecqoci sk fkqm
lkqqi|xkgcogn jmoci| ljddic jgodoci|'
L6E9GE1 " LdLKLE< L6E9GELKLE< " ELd
Jlisd ledkqoci G-xeigd jlisjmoci
L6E
9GE
1" LE
<LKKLKLE
<L
6E
9GELKLE
<" LE
<LKKE
Jlisol jgecqoci Jlisjgodoci
%l/ ose Aigpkd ledkqoci' Og xqi|igli kf |kcoym ecqkuoci$ aigpjgodocio| fkqmic'
GjKEL
6E
9GE
1" LdLKL
6E
9L
6E
9GELKL
6E
9
aigpkd ledkqoci aigpjgodoci
Seo| qijlsokg o| jg iujmxdi kf \lekssig-Ajymjgg qijlsokg'
"
"
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 122/171
<9:
<' Fkqmjsokg kf \leoff| aj|i
Jgodogi o| Xqomjq jqkmjsol jmogi' Os qijls| ~ose jdcieci| sk fkqm
jdcomogi| kq \leoff‟| aj|i'
L6E
9GE
1" K = LEQ L
6E
9G = LEQ
%Jdcomogi kq \leoff‟| aj|i/
Og jdd sei jakvi qijlsokg| sei ogosojd |sjni o| sei gyldikxeodol jssjlb'
Sei gyldikxeodi o| sei jmogi jgc sei |osi kf jssjlb o| ioseiq ejdknig ljqqogn
ljqakg kq ljqakgd ljqakg' Seo| o| jg jccosokg - idomogjsokg qijlsokg'
3' Qijlsokg ~ose gosqky| jloc 0
<' J lkdc |kdysokg kf |kcoym gosqosi qijls| ~ose jgodogi co||kdvic og
ecqkledkqol jloc$ j ldijq |kdysokg o| kasjogic' Seo| |kdysokg lkgsjog|
―aigpigi cojpkgoym ledkqoci‟' Seo| qijlsokg o| bgk~g j| ―cojpkso|jsokg‟'
ELdL
6E
9G E
1" K=G“KE L
6E
9“ G = G “ Ld
%Aigpigi cojpkgoym ledkqoci/
9' Ljqadjmogi qijlsokg 0
Jgodogi qijls| ~ose ledkqkfkqm jgc jdlkekdol BKE sk novi jg kffig|ovi|middogn dozyoc$ xeigd o|kljgoci'
∆L
6E
9GE
1" LELd
<" <BKE L
6E
9GL " <BLd " <E
1K
%xeigd o|kljgoci/
6' Kuocjsokg 0
Jqkmjsol jmogi| jqi qijcod kuoco|ic a coleqkmjsi jgc |ydxeyqol jloc
sk x-aigpkzyogkgi'
B1Lq1K> +E"
GE1
K
K
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 123/171
<91
>' Qijlsokg ~ose ljqakgd ledkqoci 0
Ljqakgd ledkqoci fkqm \-coxeigd yqij ~ose jgodogi' Og sei foq|s |six
xeigd o|kljgjsi o| fkqmic' %L6E
9G = L = K/'
1L6E
9GE
1" LKLd
1L
6E
9GE
Ljqakgd ledkqoci L=K " 1ELd
L6E
9GE
\-coxeigd yqij
%―\‟ |sjgc| fkq |mmisqol/
5' ^ose ljqakgco|ydxeoci$ \-coxeigd seokyqij o| fkqmic' Xeigd
o|kseokljgjsi o| fkqmic og sei foq|s |six' %L6E
9“G=L=\/
1L6E
9GE
1" L\
1L
6E
9GE
ljqakgco L=\ " E1\
|ydxeoci L6E
9GE
\-coxeigd
seokyqij
%―\‟ |sjgc| fkq |mmisqol/
?' Idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg qijlsokg
Ailjy|i kf sei xqi|igli kf - jlsovjsic aigpigi qogn og jgodogi$ idilsqkxeodol
|ya|sosysokg qijlsokg xqkliic ygciq modciq lkgcosokg|'
%j/ Ejdknigjsokg 0
Jgodogi cilkdkyqo|i| aqkmogi ~jsiq ~ose sei fkqmjsokg kf ~eosi
xqiloxosjsi$ ~eole o| 1$3$6-sqoaqkmkjgodogi'
" <Aq1 +E1K " <EAq
1$3$6-gosqk aqkmkjgodogi
GE1
GE1
Aq
Aq
Aq
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 124/171
<9<
%a/ \ydxekgjsokg 0
Eijsogn ~ose fymogn |ydxeyqol jloc$ x-jmogk aigpigi |ydxekgol jloc o|
fkqmic'
<9<B" E
1\K
3" E
1K
Kqsek jmogk aigpigi |ydxekgol jloc o| |siqoljdd di|| fjvkyqic'
%l/ Gosqjsokg 0 Gosqjsokg o| jllkmxjgoic a kuocjsokg
Ays j mousyqi kf lkg'EGK<
jgc lkg' E1\K
3novi| m-gosqkjgodogi jd|k'
Seo| ljg ai iuxdjogic j| fkddk~|'
Gosqol jloc o| j |sqkgn jloc' Os xqkskgjsi| jgodogi fkqmogn jgodogoyg okg'
L6E
9GE
<"' Ailjy|i kf xk|osovi lejqni kg gosqknig os o| misj coqilsogn'
EGK<
GK1" GjKE
E1\K
3 %EGK< " E1\K3/
%m-gosqkjgodogi/
x-gosqk jgodogi o| xqixjqic og sei fkddk~ogn seqii |sjni|'
LE<LKLd EGK
< +E
1\K
3E
<K"
" LE<LKKE
18'3'6 Y|i| kf jgodogi
:' Fkq xqixjqogn ci| jgc ci ogsiqmicojsi|'
1' Fkq sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf jgso kuocjgs| og Qyaaiq ogcy|sq'
<' Fkq xqixjqogn cqyn| %i'n'$/ |ydxej cqyn|'
3' Fkq mjbogn o|kljgjsi| qizyoqic fkq xkdyqisejgi xdj|sol|'
GE1
\K<E
GK1
GK1
GELKLE<
GK1 GK
1
GE1
GE1
"
GE<
GE<" GE
1
GE1
GELKLE<
GE1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 125/171
<93
\YMMJQ_
JMOGK LKMXKYGC\
\sqylsyqi$ gkmigldjsyqi$ ldj||ofoljsokg jgc o|kmiqo|m ogldycogn
misjmiqo|m - kf jdoxejsol jmogi|'
Xqixjqjsokg - Qicylsokg kf gosqk lkmxkygc|$ jmoci|$ ljgoci| -
xesejdomoci |gsei|o| - gyldikxeodol |ya|sosysokg - Jmmkgkd|o|'
Xqkxiqsoi| - ecqknig akgcogn jgc xkdjq - eoneiq akodogn xkogs| - aj|ol
jgc gyldikxeodol lejqjlsiq'
Ldj||ofoljsokg - xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq jmogi - Aj|ol |sqignse
kf jmogi| - G-jdbdjsokg$ G-jldjsokg$ ljqadjmogi qijlsokg - zyjsiqgjq
jmmkgoym |jds'
Y|i| - Co|soglsokg ais~iig xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq jmogi|'
Jqjdbd jmogi - Aigpd jmogi - xqixjqjsokg - qicylsokg kf jmoci|$
ljgoci| - xqkxiqsoi|' ijbiq j aj|i sejg jdoxejsol jmogi| - novi| qijlsokg|
kf jdoxejsol xqomjq jmogi - kuocjsokg kf |oci lejog sk novi aigpkol jloc'
Jqkmjsol jmogi| - jgodogi jgc skdyocogi| - |sqylsyqi$ gkmigldjsyqi jgc
o|kmiqo|m - xqixjqjsokg - qicylsokg kf gosqk aigpigi - leimoljd jgc ljsjdsol
- ledkqk aigpigi jgc jmmkgoj$ Ekffmjgg qijlsokg'
Xqkxiqsoi| - ogsiq mkdilydjq ecqknig akgcogn - eoneiq akodogn xkogs -
di|| aj|ol sejg jdoxejsol jmogi| - qi|kgjgli og jgodogi - G-jdbdjsokg$ G-
jldjsokg$ fkqmjsokg kf \leoff‟| aj|i$ ljqadjmogi qijlsokg$ qijlsokg ~ose
xek|nigi$ ljqakgco|ydxeoci - Fkqmjsokg kf xeigkd - cojpkso|jsokg jgc
fkqmjsokg kf jpk ci| - idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg og sei aigpigi qogn -
aqkmogjsokg$ |ydxekgjsokg jgc gosqjsokg - y|i|'
18'9 JDOXEJSOL GOSQODI\
Jdbd ljgoci| 0
Sei|i jqi lkmxkygc| og ~eole kgi ecqknig jskm o| qixdjlic fqkm j
ecqkljqakg a j ―ljgoci‟ nqkyx'
ELG Q “ LG Q “ E
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 126/171
<99
Sei ljg jd|k ai lkg|ociqic j| aiogn ciqovic fqkm ecqkljgol jloc'
Gkmigldjsyqi 0
Lkmmkg ||sim 0 A jccgn ―ljgoci‟ sk sei gjmi kf sei jdbd nqkyx'
LE<
“ LG
Mised ljgoci
―Jloc gosqodi‟ ||sim 0
Og seo| ||sim$ sei jqi gjmic kg sei aj|o| kf sei jloc sei xqkcyli kg
ecqkd|o|'LE
<“ L ≪ G “ Ecqkd|o| LE
<LKKE
Jlisol jloc
Eigli os o| ljddic ―Jliskgosqodi‟'
L6E
9“ L ≪ G “ Ecqkd|o| L
6E
9LKKE
Aigpkol jloc
Eigli os o| ljddic ―aigpkgosqodi‟'
OYXJL ||sim 0Sei jqi gjmic a |yffouogn ―gosqodi‟ sk sei gjmi kf sei xjqigs
ecqkljqakg'
Fkqmydj J| ljgoci J| jloc gosqodi OYXJL gjmi
ELG Ecqknig ljgoci Fkqmkgosqodi Misejgi gosqodi
LE<LG Mised ljgoci Jliskgosqodi Isejgi gosqodi
LE<LE
1LG Ised ljgoci Xqkxokgosqodi Xqkxjgi gosqodi
%kq/
xqkxokgkgosqodi
LE<“LE“LE
<o|kxqkxd o|kaysqkgosqodi 1-mised-xqkxjgi
t ljgoci gosqodi
LG %kq/
1-ljgk xqkxjgi
%j| j |ya|sosyigs/
< 1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 127/171
<96
18'9': Y|i| kf Gosqodi|
Os o| jg omxkqsjgs |gseisol qijnigs sk xqixjqi$ jdcieci|$ jloc|$ jmoci|$
i|siq|$ jmogi| jdlkekd| isl'
Jlqdk gosqodi %LE1=LE“LG/ o| y|ic og sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf |gseisol
xkdmiq| dobi XJG'
Jliskgosqodi %LE<LG/ o| y|ic j| j |kdvigs fkq iusqjlsokg$ lq|sjddo|jsokg
jgc j| qijlsokg micoym'
18'6 Aigpigi Cojpkgoym Ledkqoci 0 L6E9G1
"
Ld“
Jqd cojpkgoym |jds| fkqm jg omxkqsjgs ldj|| kf lkmxkygc|$ lejqjlsiqo|ic
a sei xqi|igli kf sei fyglsokgjd nqkyx “G" ≪ G %cojpkgoym okg/ coqilsd
akgcic sk jg jqd nqkyx “Jq'
Sei jqd cojpkgoym okg Jq-G" ≪ G fkqm| |jds| ~ose jgokg| |yle j| Ld“$
Aq“$ GK1
“$ E\K3
“$ AF3
“ isl'$ Sei|i jqi lkddilsovid ljddic jqd cojpkgoym
|jds|'
Gkmigldjsyqi 0
A jccogn ―cojpkgoym‟ sk sei gjmi kf sei xjqigs jqkmjsol lkmxkygc
fkddk~ic a sei gjmi kf sei jgokg'
Sey|$ L6E
9G
1" Ld“ o| ljddic aigpigi cojpkgoym ledkqoci'
\sqylsyqi 0 Sei idilsqkgol |sqylsyqi
" ' ' "
R Jq “ G ≪ G 0 Jq “ G = G 0 ] U“
Qi|kgjgli |sjaodo|ic cojpkgoym okg o| fyqseiq |sjaodo|ic a sei
ogvkdvimigs kf sei aigpigi qogn$ og aigpigi cojpkgoym okg'
G"≪G G"=G“
%"/
%"/
G"“G“
"
G"“G“
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 128/171
<9>
L“G akgc og jqd cojpkgoym |jds o| |sqkgniq sejg sejs og jdoxejsol
cojpkgoym |jds'
18'6': Xqixjqjsokg
Aigpigi cojpkgoym ledkqoci o| xqixjqic a sei jlsokg kf gosqky| jloc kg
jgodogi js 1>< “ 1>5 B' Gosqky| jloc o| fkqmic a mouogn jzyiky| |kdysokg|
kf |kcoym gosqosi jgc mogiqjd jloc dobi ELd kq E1\K
3'
GjGK1
" ELd EGK1
" GjLd
1>< “ 1>5 BL
6
E9
GE1
" EGK1
" ELd L6
E9
G1
"Ld“ " 1E1
K
Seo| o| |sjadi kgd ygciq oli lkdc lkgcosokg' Og sei cq lkgcosokg os o|
zyosi yg|sjadi jgc cilkmxk|i| vokdigsd'
18'6'1 Xqkxiqsoi|
Lkdkyqdi|| lq|sjddogi |kdoc| syqgogn aqk~g kg iuxk|yqi sk joq' Kgd
cojpkgoym RJqG1
" AF3
“] fdyqk akqjsi ljg ai cqoic ~osekys cilkmxk|osokg$
|kdyadi og ~jsiq jgc jdlkekd jgc og|kdyadi og iseiq'
Leimoljd xqkxiqsoi| 0
Sei jqi eoned qijlsovi lkmxkygc|' Sei ygciqnk qijlsokg og ~eole
%:/ “G1 nqkyx o| qisjogic kq %1/ idomogjsic' Og akse lj|i| y|ifyd lkmxkygc|ljg ai xqixjqic' Sei jqi j| y|ifyd j| Nqongjqc qijnigs fkq |gsei|o|'
:' Qijlsokg| og ~eole “G1" U“ o| qixdjlic'
%j/ Qicylsokg sk jqigi| 0
Aigpigi cojpkgoym ledkqoci ~ose Exkxek|xekqky| jloc$ o| qicylic sk
aigpigi'
E<XK
1
L6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
6" G
1" ELd
E ELy"
Lyxqky| |jds| ljsjd|i seo| qijlsokg'
%a/ Qixdjlimigs a “KE
^eig sei jzyiky| |kdysokg o| akodic$ xeigkd o| kasjogic'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 129/171
<95
L6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9KE " G
1" ELd
E K E
Seo| o| jg iujmxdi kf \G
: qijlsokg og ~eole L6E
9G
1Ld ogosojdd novi|
L6E
9" jgc ~jsiq o| sei gyldikxeodi'
%l/ Qixdjlimigs kf QK“ %kq/ QLKK“ nqkyx| 0
\omodjqd “G1Ld ljg ai qixdjlic a jdbku nqkyx a ~jqmogn ~ose jdlkekd
kq a jldku nqkyx a akodogn ~ose ljqakudol jloc|'
L6E9 G1 Ld L6E9KLE< " G1 " ELdLE
<K E Jqkmjsol iseiq|
RJdlkekd o| sei gyldikxeodi] %jgo|kdi/
L6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9KLKLE
<" G
1" ELd
LE<LKK E Xeigd jlisjsi
RLjqakudjsi okg o| sei %i|siq/
gyldikxeodi]
%c/ Qixdjlimigs a Okcogi 0
Jzyiky| |kdysokg kf cojpkgoym |jds qijls| ~ose xksj||oym okcoci |kdysokgsk fkqm Okckaigpigi'
L6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9O " G
1" BLd
O B ROkcoci jgokg o| sei gyldikxeodi]
%i/ Qixdjlimigs a Gosqk nqkyx 0
Cojpkgoym |jds ~eig sqijsic ~ose |kcoym gosqosi og sei xqi|igli kf
lyxqky| okg j| j ljsjd|s fkqm| Gosqk lkmxkygc|'
GjGK1
L6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9GK
1
Ly"
1' Qixdjlimigs a ledkqogi kq aqkmogi 0
%j/ \jgc Miiq Qijlsokg 0
^eig jzyiky| |kdysokg kf cojpkgoym ledkqoci o| ~jqmic ~ose Ly1Ld
1
kq Ly1Aq
1og ejdknig jloc$ ejdknigjsic aigpigi o| fkqmic'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 130/171
<9?
ELdL
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9“ Ld " G
1
Ly1Ld
1
EAqL
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9Aq " G
1Ly
1Aq
1
%a/ Njssiqmjgg qijlsokg 0
^eig sei cojpkgoym ledkqoci |kdysokg o| ~jqmic ~ose lkxxiq xk~ciq
jgc sei ecqknig ejdoci$ sei lkqqi|xkgcogn ejdkaigpigi o| kasjogic' Okckaigpigi ljggks ai xqixjqic a seo| xqklicyqi'
LyL
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9Ld " G
1ELd
LyL
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9Aq " G
1EAq
<' Qixdjlimigs a ljgoci nqkyx 0
Sei cojpkgoym |jds |kdysokg ~eig sqijsic ~ose lyxqky| ljgoci +
xksj||oym ljgoci mousyqi$ xeigd ljgoci o| fkqmic'
Ly1%LG/
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9LG " G
1" ELd
GL B
Sqijsmigs kf cojpkgoym ledkqoci ~ose BLG |kdysokg og xqi|igli kf
lkxxiq$ jd|k novi| xeigd ljgoci'
LyL6E9G1Ld " BLG L6E9LG " G1 " BLd
3' Qixdjlimigs a jg jqd nqkyx 0 %Nkmaiqn Ajlemjgg Qijlsokg/
Cilkmxk|osokg kf cojpkgoym |jds| og xqi|igli kf |kcoym ecqkuoci jgc
aigpigi$ qi|yds| og sei fkqmjsokg kf Aoxeigd'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 131/171
<68
GjKEL
6E
9G
1Ld " L
6E
6L
6E
9“ L
6E
9" G
1" ELd
Aoxeigd
Seo| qijlsokg o| bgk~g j| ―Nkmaiqn‟ kq ―Nkmaiqn Ajlemjgg‟
qijlsokg'
Sei jakvi qijlsokg| ck gks fkddk~ |sqolsd \G
milejgo|m' Og|sijc fqii
qjcoljd| jqi fkqmic j| ogsiqmicojsi|'
9' Qicylsokg 0
Cojpkgoym ledkqoci o| qicylic sk xeigd ecqjpogi kg sqijsmigs ~ose\gLd1 +ELd kq Pg+ELd kq GjE\K
<'
3RE]
L6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9GEGE
1" ELd
6' Cojpkgoym lkyxdogn qijlsokg 0
Cojpkgoym |jds qijls| ~ose jqkmjsol jmogi jgc xeigkd| sk novi jpk
lkmxkygc| kf sei nigiqjd fkqmydj'
Jq “ G = G “ Jq .
Seo| qijlsokg o| bgk~g j| Lkyxdogn qijlsokg |ogli jdd sei|i lkmxkygc|jqi ogsig|id lkdkyqic jgc y|ic j| ci|$ seky|jgc| kf jpk ci| ejvi aiig
|gsei|o|ic a seo| xqklicyqi'
L6E
9G
1Ld " L
6E
9“G = G
Rx-ecqku jpk aigpigi]
Qic ci
Sei jqkmjsol lkmxkygc ~ose ~eole os lkyxdi| |ekydc ejvi jg kgi kf
sei nqkyx| dobi “KE$ “GE1$ “KQ$ “GEQ$ “GQ
1isl' lkyxdogn y|yjdd kllyq|
js xjqj xk|osokg'
JDD SEI LKYXDOGN QIJLSOKG\ OGVKDVI
O' Fkqmjsokg kf cojpkgoym okg L6E
9G
1" %jg idilsqkxeodi/
OO' Idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg kg idilsqkg qole jqkmjsol lkmxkygc| dobi
xeigkd|$ jmogi| isl'$ js xjqj-xk|osokg'
KE KE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 132/171
<6:
OOO' Cojpk lkyxdogn qijlsokg sjbi| xdjli og oli lkdc lkgcosokg'
L6E
9G
1" "
G$ G - comised jgodogi x-comised jmogk jpk aigpigi
Qijlsokg ~ose xqomjq jmogi sjbi| xdjli og j coffiqigs ~j 0
%O/
Cojpkjmogkaigpigi
%\ya|sosysokg js Gosqknig/
%OO/
RQijqqjgnimigs] x-jmogk jpk aigpigi
%\ya|sosysokg js ljqakg/
Y|i| kf cojpkgoym |jds| 0
Os o| j viq vjdyjadi ogsiqmicojsi og sei xqixjqjsokg kf mjg ldj|| kf
lkmxkygc| dobi xeigkd|$ ejdoci|$ ljgoci| isl'
Vjdyjadi djakqjskq qijnigs| dobi xeigd ecqjpogi ljg ai xqixjqic'
Viq y|ifyd og sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf jpk ci|'
KEE
"L
6E
9G
1
KE
E
"L
6E
9G
1
KE KE " E"
L6E
9G=G
G1Ld " G%LE
</1
G=G G%LE</1
G1Ld " E
1G G=G“GE
G=GG=G“GE GE1
∆
ELd
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 133/171
<61
\YMMJQ_
Aigpigi Cojpkgoym ledkqoci - |sqylsyqi - cojpkso|jsokg kf jgodogi -
xqkxiqsoi| - |sjadi js dk~ simxiqjsyqi - ecqknigkd|o| sk aigpigi$ ecqkd|o|
sk xeigkd$ fkqmjsokg kf ejdk aigpigi$ ljgk aigpigi$ gosqkaigpigi$ jgo|kdi
- qicylsokg sk xeigd ecqjpogi - cojpk lkyxdogn ~ose jqkmjsol jmogi| jgc
xeigkd| - fkqmjsokg kf ci|'
Gjmi qijlsokg|
:' \jgcmiiq qijlsokg 1' Njssiqmjgg qijlsokg
<' Nkmaiqn qijlsokg 3' Cojpk lkyxdogn qijlsokg
Jdbd ljgoci| - gkmigldjsyqi j| Gosqodi|'
\IDF IVJDYJSOKG
%J/ Lekk|i sei lkqqils jg|~iq 0
:' Aqkmk isejgi qijls| ~ose |odviq gosqosi sk novi
%j/ L1E
9GK
1%a/ L
1E
9“K“GK
%l/ L1E
9Jn " GjAq %c/ L
1E
9GL
1' Sei o|kmiqo|m iueoaosic a jgc LE<
LE1
“ K “ G = K o|
%j/ xk|osokg %a/ lejog %l/ fyglsokgjd %c/ sjyskmiqo|m
<' Og gosqk jdbjgi| “GK1 nqkyx o| lkgviqsic sk “GE1 nqkyx a sei qijlsokg
~ose
%j/ \g+ELd %a/ Pg cy|s %l/ Pg+GE3Ld %c/ Pg+GjKE
3' ^eig gosqkmisejgi o| qicylic ~ose Pg cy|s " GE3Ld og giysqjd micoym$
~i nis
%j/ LE<GE1 %a/ L1E9GE1 %l/ LE<GEKE %c/ L1E9LKKE
9' Sei lkmxkygc sejs o| mk|s qijlsovi sk~jqc| idilsqkxeodol gosqjsokg o|
%j/ Skdyigi %a/ aigpigi %l/ aigpkol jloc %c/ gosqkaigpigi
6' Gosqkmisejgi lkgcig|i| ~ose jlisjdcieci sk novi
%j/ gosqk xqkxjgi %a/ :-gosqk-1-xqkxjgkd
%l/ 1-gosqk-:-xqkxjgkd %c/ <-gosqk xqkxjgkd
>' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn lkmxkygc| ej| sei |midd kf aossiq jdmkgc| ;
%j/ jgodogi %a/ gosqk misejgi
%l/ aigpigi |ydxekgol jloc %c/ gosqkaigpigi
K
LE<
“ LE1
“ G
K
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 134/171
<6<
5' Gosqjsokg kf gosqkaigpigi qi|yds| og
%j/ k-cogosqk aigpigi %a/ :$<$9-sqogosqk aigpigi
%l/ x-cogosqk aigpigi %c/ m-cogosqk aigpigi
?' Gosqkaigpigi kg idilsqkdsol qicylsokg og lkg' |ydxeyqol jloc$ sei
ogsiqmicojsi fkqmic o|
%j/ L6E
9GE “ GEL
6E
9%a/ L
6E
9“ GEKE
%l/ L6E9 “ G = G “ L6E9 %c/ L6E9'E\K3
:8' Idilsqkxeodi y|ic og sei gosqjsokg kf aigpigi o|
%j/ ecqkgoym okg %a/ |ydxekgol jloc
%l/ gosqkgoym okg %c/ aqkmoci okg::' Sei qicylsokg kf LE
<“ LE
1“ L≪ G ~ose |kcoym jgc jdlkekd qi|yds| og
sei fkqmjsokg kf
%j/ %a/ LE< “ LE1 “ LE1 “ KE " G1
%l/ LE<
“ LE1
“ LE1
“ GE1
%c/ LE<
“ LE1
“ GE1
:1' Sei aj|ol lejqjlsiq kf jmogi| o| cyi sk sei
%j/ sisqjeicqjd |sqylsyqi %a/ xqi|igli kf gosqknig jskm
%l/ dkgi xjoq kf idilsqkg| kg gosqknig jskm
%c/ eone idilsqkginjsovos kf gosqknig
:<' Sei kqnjgol lkmxkygc sejs ygciqnki| ljqadjmogi qijlsokg o|
%j/ %L1E
9/1GE %a/ L
1E
9GE
1%l/ %L
1E
9/<G %c/ %L
1E
9/3
G" O“
:3' Xqomjq jmogi jls| j|
%j/ Idilsqkxeodi %a/ Di~o| aj|i %l/ Di~o| jloc %c/ Fqii qjcoljd
:9' Kuocjsokg kf jgodogi ~ose jlocofoic xksj||oym coleqkmjsi novi|
%j/ x-aigpk zyogkgi %a/ aigpkol jloc
%l/ aigpjdcieci %c/ aigpd jdlkekd
:6' ^eole kgi kf sei fkddk~ogn o| j |ilkgcjq jmogi ;
%j/ jgodogi %a/ coxeigd jmogi %l/ |il'aysdjmogi %c/ siqs'aysdjmogi
GjGK1 +ELd
:>'L6E
9GE
1U' Ocigsof U'
%j/ L6E
9Ld %a/ L
6E
9GEKE
%l/ L6E
9G
1Ld %c/ L
6E
9KE
LE<
“ LE“ LE<
tGE
1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 135/171
<63
:5' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn ~odd gks ygciqnk cojpkso|jsokg ;
%j/ m-skdyocogi %a/ jgodogi
%l/ x-jmogk xeigkd %c/ aigpd jmogi
:?' Jgodogi coffiq| fqkm isedjmogi a sei qijlsokg ~ose
%j/ misjddol |kcoym %a/ jg jdbd ejdoci
%l/ ledkqkfkqm jgc ljy|sol xksj|e %c/ gosqky| jloc
18' ^eig jzyiky| |kdysokg kf aigpigi cojpkgoym ledkqoci o| akodic sei
xqkcyls fkqmic o|
%j/ aigpd jdlkekd %a/ aigpigi " G1
%l/ xeigkd %c/ xeigd ecqkudjmogi
%A/ Jg|~iq og kgi kq s~k |igsigli| 0
:' Ek~ jqi gosqk jdbjgi| xqixjqic ;
1' ^qosi jakys sei fyglsokgjd o|kmiqo|m kf gosqk misejgi ;
<' Novi sei qicylsokg kf gosqkmisejgi og %j/ jloc micoym$ %a/ giysqjd
micoym'
3' Migsokg sei y|i| kf gosqkmisejgi'
9' Ek~ ~odd ky lkgviqs aigpigi sk m-cogosqk aigpigi ;
6' Iuxdjog sei idilsqkdsol qicylsokg kf gosqk aigpigi ;>' ^ejs jqi jmogi| ; Ek~ jqi sei ldj||ofoic ;
5' Novi sei |sqylsyqjd fkqmydj kf %o/ 1-jmogk-1-mised xqkxjgi'
%oo/ 1-%G$ G-comised/ jmogk aysjgi
?' ^ejs ejxxig| ~eig jliskgosqodi o| ecqkd|ic ;
:8' ^qosi sei gjmi jgc |sqylsyqi kf fkyq o|kmiqol jmogi| ejvogn sei mkdilydjq
fkqmydj L<E
?G'
::' Ek~ ~odd ky co|sognyo|e ais~iig isedjmogi jgc coisedjmogi ;
:1' ^qosi j gksi kg sei aj|olos kf jmogi| ;
:<' Iuxdjog ~e isedjmogi o| |sqkgniq sejg jmmkgoj ;:3' ^ejs o| Njaqoid xesejdomoci |gsei|o| ;
:9' Ek~ o| gosqkaigpigi lkgviqsic sk jgodogi ;
:6' ^ejs ejxxig| ~eig jgodogi o| sqijsic ~ose aqkmogi ;
:>' ^ejs ejxxig| ~eig jgodogi o| sqijsic ~ose xek|nigi ;
:5' Ek~ ~odd ky co|sognyo|e ais~iig jgodogi jgc isedjmogi ;
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 136/171
<69
:?' Iuxdjog ~e jgodogi o| di|| aj|ol sejg misedjmogi ;
18' Ek~ o| aigpigi cojpkgoym ledkqoci xqixjqic ;
1:' ^qosi j gksi kg \jgcmiiq qijlsokg'
11' Ek~ ~odd ky |gsei|o|i$ aigpdjmogi fqkm jgodogi ;
GjGK1
LyLG DoJdE3
Jg| 0 Jgodogi Aigpigi ljgk aigpigi Aigpd jmogiELd$ 8kL
cojpkgoym ledkqoci
1<' ^ejs jqi sei qijnigs| sejs ~kydc lkgviqs sei fkddk~ogn ogsk Ised jmogi| ;
%j/ LE<LKGE1 %a/ LE<LG %l/ LE<LE1GK1 %c/ LE<LE = GKE13' Jllkygs fkq sei fkddk~ogn 0
%j/ %LE</1GE o| j |sqkgniq aj|i sejg GE
<
%a/ LE<LE
1GE
1o| mkqi aj|ol sejg LE
<LKGE
1
%l/ Jgodogi o| di|| aj|ol sejg Ised jmogi
%c/ Kg |ydxekgjsokg kf jgodogi$ x-jmogk aigpigi |ydxekgol jloc o| fkqmic'
19' ^ejs o| sei jlsokg kf GjGK1 +ELd %jz/ js oli lkdc simxiqjsyqi kg
%j/ L1E
9GE
1%a/ L
6E
9GE
1%l/ %LE
</1GE %c/ %LE
</<G
16' ^ejs ejxxig| ~eig isedjmogi o| sqijsic ~ose
%j/ LELd< +GjKE %a/ L\
1%l/ LKLd
1%c/ L
6E
9LEK
1>' @y|sof 0
%j/ Cojpk lkyxdogn qijlsokg o| jg iujmxdi kf jqkmjsol idilsqkxeodol
|ya|sosysokg qijlsokg
%a/ Fkqmjsokg kf jlisjgodoci fqkm jgodogi jgc jlisol jgecqoci o| j
gyldikxeodol jssjlb a jgodogi
%l/ Fkqmjsokg kf misedjmogi a jmmkgkd|o| kf mised okcoci o| jg
iujmxdi kf \G
1 qijlsokg
%c/ Jccosokg kf aqkmogi ~jsiq sk jgodogi$ novi| j ~eosi xqiloxosjsi'
Seo| o| jg iujmxdi kf jqkmjsol idilsqkxeodol |ya|sosysokg'
15' ^ejs o| sei jlsokg kf
%j/ Coised kujdjsi kg Isedjmogi
%a/ Coised kujdjsi kg Coised jmogi
%l/ Gosqky| jloc kg Coised jmogi
%c/ Gosqky| jloc kg Sqoised jmogi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 137/171
<66
1?'Jllkygs fkq
%j/ Qicylsokg kf LE<LG novi| LE
<LE
1GE
1~eodi LE
<GL novi|
%LE</1GE
%a/ %LE</1GE qizyoqi| s~k mkdjq xqkxkqsokg kf LE
<O sk novi sei |jmi
lq|sjddogi xqkcyls fkqmic a %LE</<G ~ose kgi mkdi kf LE
<O
%l/ Gosqjsokg kf jgodogi ~ose lkg'EGK<
mj igc yx ~ose |jmi misj gosqk
xqkcyls
%c/ x-skdyocogi o| j |sqkgniq aj|i sejg x-gosqkjgodogi'
<8' Jllkygs fkq sei fkddk~ogn 0%j/ Gosqkisejgi o| |kdyadi og GjKE
%a/ Gosqk isejgi qijls| ~ose gosqky| jloc
%l/ 1-mised-1-gosqk xqkxjgi ej| gioseiq kf sei xqkxiqsoi|'
<:'^ejs ejxxig| ~eig
%j/ gosqk isejgi o| akodic ~ose ELd
%a/ gosqk aigpigi o| sqijsic ~ose Doseoym Jdymogoym Ecqoci
%l/ eig Skdyigi o| sqijsic ~ose fymogn gosqol jloc jgc |ydxeyqol jloc'
<1'Jllkygs fkq%j/ Gosqjsokg kf aigpigi o| ij|oiq sejg gosqjsokg kf gosqkaigpigi
%a/ Aigpjdcieci ygciqnki| lkgcig|jsokg ~ose gosqk misejgi og xqi|igli
kf BKE
%l/ Gosqkmisejgi novi| sqoledkqk gosqk misejgi kg sqijsmigs ~ose
ledkqogi+GjKE ~eodi gosqk isejgi novi| kgd coledkqk isejgi
<<' Ek~ ljg sei fkddk~ogn lkgviq|okg| ai iffilsic ;
%j/ Gosqk aigpigi Gosqk|kaigpigi
%a/ Gosqk aigpigi jpku aigpigi%l/ Gosqkaigpigi Ecqjpkaigpigi
<3' Co|sognyo|e ais~iig
%j/ Gosqkisejgi jgc ised gosqosi
%a/ Gosqk aigpigi jgc gosqk xeigkd
%l/ Gosqk skdyigi jgc xeigd$ gosqkmisejgi
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 138/171
<6>
%L/ Jg|~iq gks iuliicogn |ous ~kqc| 0
:' ^qosi sei misekc| kf xqixjqjsokg kf gosqk misejgi ;
1' Iuxdjog sei qicylsokg kf gosqk misejgi og coffiqigs micoym'
<' ^qosi j gksi kg sei ―qicylsokg kf gosqk aigpigi ygciq coffiqigs lkgcosokg|'
3' Iuxdjog sei milejgo|m kf gosqjsokg kf gosqk aigpigi'
9' ^qosi sei coffiqigli| ais~iig gosqk misejgi jgc gosqk aigpigi'
6' Novi seqii misekc| kf xqixjqogn isedjmogi fqkm jlisk gosqodi ;
>' Co|sognyo|e ais~iig xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq jmogi|'
5' ^qosi sei milejgo|m kf ―Ekffmjgg‟| aqkmjmoci qijlsokg‟'
?' Ek~ ck xqomjq$ |ilkgcjq jgc siqsojq jmogi| qijls ~ose gosqky| jloc ;
:8' ^qosi jg seqii misekc| kf xqixjqogn aigpdjmogi ;
::' Lkmmigs kg sei ―aj|ol gjsyqi‟ kf jgodogi'
:1'^qosi j gksi kg
%o/ Ljqadjmogi qijlsokg$ %oo/ My|sjqc kod qijlsokg$ %ooo/ Jlisdjsokg kf
aigpdjmogi$ %ov/ Fkqmjsokg kf \leoff‟| aj|i$ %v/ Cojpkso|jsokg qijlsokg'
:<' Co|sognyo|e ais~iig aigpdjmogi jgc jgodogi'
:3' Ek~ jqi sei fkddk~ogn lkmxkygc| kasjogic fqkm aigpigi cojpkgoym
ledkqoci ;
%o/ xeigkd$ %oo/ i|siq$ %ooo/ x-ecqku jpk aigpigi'
%C/ \kdvi sei xqkadim| 0
:' Gosqkaigpigi cki| gks ygciqnk Fqoicid-Lqjfs| jdbdjsokg' Novi qij|kg|'
Jg|' Cyi sk xk~iqfyd idilsqkg ~osecqj~ogn iffils kf sei “GK1
nqkyx$
sei aigpigi qogn og L6E
9GK
1o| cijlsovjsic sk~jqc| Fqoicid Lqjfs‟| jdbdjsokg
jgc eigli os o| y|ic j| j |kdvigs og mjg Fqocid-Lqjfs‟| qijlsokg'1' Akodogn xkogs| kf gosqkjdbjgi| jqi myle eoneiq sejg sek|i kf ecqkljqakg|
kf lkmxjqjadi mj|| - novi qij|kg|'
Jg|' Gosqkjdbjgi| jqi xkdjq og gjsyqi %¹ = < “ 3C/ jgc sey| ejvi nqijsiq
coxkdjq jssqjlsokg sejg ecqkljqakg|' Seo| qi|yds| og eoneiq vjdyi| kf a'x'
%¹ = Coxkdi mkmigs/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 139/171
<65
<' Iuxdjog ~e jmogi| jqi mkqi aj|ol sejg jmoci|'
Jg|' Og |omxdi jmogi| sei dkgi xjoq kf idilsqkg| o| kg gosqknig jgc eigli
jvjodjadi fkq xqkskgjsokg' Og jmoci|$ kg sei kseiq ejgc$ sei idilsqkg xjoq kg
gosqknig o| cidkljdopic sk sei ljqakgd kunig seqkyne qi|kgjgli'
K K“
tt '' t"
Q “ L “ GE1
Q “ L = GE1
jmoci
3' Jg kqnjgol lkmxkygc %J/ ~ose mkdilydjq fkqmydj L6E
>G novi| %A/
~ose EGK1 +ELd js 1>< B' Sei jzyiky| |kdysokg kf %A/ kg eijsogn novi|lkmxkygc %L/ ~eole novi| vokdis lkdkyq ~ose giysqjd FiLd
<' Ocigsof sei
lkmxkygc| J$ A jgc L jgc ~qosi sei izyjsokg|'
Jg|' %J/ L6E
9GE
1- jgodogi$ %A/ L
6E
9G
1Ld - aigpigi cojpkgoym
ledkqoci$ %L/ Xeigkd
9' Kysdogi sei milejgo|m kf
%j/ Gosqjsokg kf jgodogi
%a/ Jlisdjsokg kf jgodogi sk fkqm jlisjgodoci
6' Kysdogi sei xqixjqjsokg kf
%j/ xjqj gosqkjgodogi fqkm jgodogi%a/ sqo aqkmk aigpigi fqkm sqoaqkmk jgodogi
>' Ogcoljsi sei milejgo|m kf
%j/ sei fkqmjsokg kf G-mised jgodogi fqkm jgodogi
%a/ sei fkqmjsokg kf x“ecqku jpkaigigi fqkm aigpigi cojpkgoym
ledkqoci
5' Iuxdjog sei fkddk~ogn kqciq kf |sqignse kf aj|i|'
%j/ %LE</1
GE 7 LE<GE
17 GE
<
%a/ x-skdyocogi 7 Jgodogi 7 x-gosqk jgodogi
Cojpkgoym ledkqoci
:' Ek~ jqi sei fkddk~ogn lkgviq|okg| iffilsic ;
%j/ L6E
9GE
1L
6E
6
%a/ L6E
9GK
1L
6E
9KE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 140/171
<6?
%l/ L6E
9GE
1L
6E
9O
%c/ L6E
9GE
1L
6E
9GK
1
1' \sjqsogn fqkm jgodogi ek~ ljg sei fkddk~ogn ai xqixjqic ;
%j/ Ledkqk aigpigi %a/ x-ecqku jpkaigpigi
%l/ Aigpkgosqodi %c/ x-jmogk jpk aigpigi
<' Ek~ ljg sei fkddk~ogn lkgviq|okg ai iffilsic ;
%j/ Gosqkaigpigi sk jgo|kdi
%a/ Ledkqk aigpigi sk xeigd ecqjpogi
%l/ Jgodogi sk aigpkol jloc
%c/ Aigpigi cojpkgoym ledkqoci sk Ised aigpigi
3' Ocigsof sei idilsqkxeodi jgc gyldikxeodi og sei fkddk~ogn qijlsokg| 0
%j/ L6E
9G
1Ld " BO L
6E
9O " BLd
%a/ L6E
9G
1Ld " L
6E
9KE L
6E
9G=G“L
6E
3KE
%l/ L6E
9G
1Ld " LE
<KE L
6E
9KLE
<
%c/ L6E
9G
1Ld " E
1K L
6E
9KE
BI_
EGK1
E<XK
1:' %j/ L
6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
6ELd
\g+ELd EGK1
E1K
%a/ L6E
9GK
1L
6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9KE
EGK1
BO%l/ L
6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9O
ELd
EGK1 GjGK1
%c/ L6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9GK
1ELd
EGK1
ELd1' %j/ L
6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9Ld
ELd Ly1Ld
1
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 141/171
<>8
EGK1
Xeigkd%a/ L
6E
9GE
1L
9E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9“G = G“L
6E
3“KE
ELd
EGK1
BLG%l/ L
6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9LG
ELd Ly1%LG/
1
EGK1
Jgodogi%c/ L
6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9G=G L
6E
3GE
1ELd
\g+ELd EGK1
LE<KE
<' L6E
9GK
1L
6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9KLE
<ELd
GE<
EGK1
\g+ELdL
6E
9Ld L
6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9GEGE
1
ELd ELd
EGK1 BLG E<K"
L6E
9GE
1L
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9LG L
6E
9LKKE
ELd Ly1%LG/
1
EAq GjL
6E
9G
1Ld L
6E
9Aq L
6E
9“L
1E
9Ly1Aq
1L
1E
9Aq
cq iseiq
3' %j/ O“ - gyldikxeodi
%a/ L6E
9G
1" - idilsqkxeodi
%l/ LE<KE - gyldikxeodi
%c/ E1K - gyldikxeodi
QIFIQIGLI\ 0
:' Kqnjgol qijlsokg|$ Lkgviq|okg|$ Milejgo|m & Xqkadim|' - Q'C' Mjcjg$\'Lejgc & Lk' Dsc'
1' J nyoci akkb sk Milejgo|m og kqnjgol leimo|sq' - Xisiq| \bi| -
Xijq|kg Icyljsokg Dsc' [[[[[[[
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 142/171
<>:
1:' AOKMKDILYDI\
DIJQGOGN KA@ILSOVI\
H Qilkngo|i| sei omxkqsjgli kf ljqakecqjsi|$ xqksiog|$ jmogk jloc| jgc
doxoc|'
H Ldj||ofoljsokg kf ljqakecqjsi|'
H \sqylsyqjd idylocjsokg kf |omxdi ljqakecqjsi|'
H Xqksiog| jgc jmogk jloc|'
H Ldj||ofoljsokg$ |sqylsyqi jgc fyglsokg| kf doxoc| og aok||sim|'
J dovogn kqnjgo|m o| j lkddilsokg kf kqnjgol mkdilydi| ~eole ogsiqjls
~ose ijle kseiq jgc ~ose seioq igvoqkgmigs og j viq ygozyi ~j' Jdd dovogn
kqnjgo|m| jqi mjci kf kgi kq mkqi lidd| ~eole jqi lkg|ociqic j| sei |mjddi|s
ygos| kf dofi' Lidd| jqi i||igsojdd xjlbis| kf leimoljd| gili||jq fkq dofi' Sei
lkmxkygc| xqi|igs og lidd| jqi lkmxk|ic kf ljqakg$ ecqknig$ kunig$
gosqknig$ xek|xekqy| jgc |ydxeyq' Gijqd jdd sei ljqakg lkmxkygc| fkygc
og dovogn lidd| ljg ai xdjlic ogsk kgi kq jgkseiq kf sei fkddk~ogn fkyq ldj||i|'
%o/ Ljqakecqjsi|$ %oo/ Jmogk jloc| jgc xqksiog|$ %ooo/ Gyldiol jloc| jgc
%ov/ Doxoc|'
1:': LJQAKE_CQJSI\
Ljqakecqjsi| jqi xkdecqku jdcieci| kq xkdecqku biskgi|' Sei
jqi gjsyqjdd kllyqogn kqnjgol |ya|sjgli|' Sei jqi xqi|igs og akse xdjgs|
jgc jgomjd|' Ljqakecqjsi| jqi fkqmic og sei xdjgs| a xeksk|gsei|o| fqkm
ljqakg cokuoci jgc ~jsiq og |ygdones'
Ldj||ofoljsokg 0
Ljqakecqjsi| mj ai ldj||ofoic ogsk s~k aqkjc nqkyx|'
:' \ynjq| jgc 1' Gkg-|ynjq| kq xkd|jllejqoci|'
:' \ynjq| 0 \ynjq| jqi |~iis lq|sjddogi |ya|sjgli| jgc |kdyadi og ~jsiq'
%o/ Mkgk|jllejqoci| 0 Sei mkgk|jllejqoci| jqi xkdecqku jdcieci|
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 143/171
<>1
kq xkdecqku biskgi| ~eole ljggks ai ecqkd|ic ogsk |omxdiq |ynjq|'
Sei mj jnjog ai ldj||ofoic jllkqcogn sk sei gjsyqi kf ljqakgd nqkyx'
%j/ Jdck|i|$ ~eole lkgsjog jg jdcieci nqkyx
%a/ Bisk|i|$ ~eole lkgsjog j bisk nqkyx
Sei jdck|i| jgc bisk|i| jqi fyqseiq covocic ogsk |ya-nqkyx| kg sei aj|o|
kf sei gymaiq kf ljqakg jskm| og seioq mkdilydi|$ j| sqok|i|$ sisqk|i|$
xigsk|i|$ eiuk|i| isl'
Sey| mkgk|jllejqoci| jqi nigiqjdd qifiqqic sk j| jdcksqok|i|$
jdcksisqk|i|$ jdckxigsk|i|$ jdckeiuk|i|$ biskeiuk|i| isl'
Sei jdck|i| jgc bisk|i| mj ai qixqi|igsic a sei fkddk~ogn nigiqjd
fkqmydji'
EL = K LE
1KE
t t
%LEKE/g
L = K
t t
LE1KE %LEKE/
g
jdck|i| t
LE1KE
%g = :$ 1$ <$ 3$ 9/ bisk|i|
%g = 8$ :$ 1$ <$ 3/
%oo/ Kdonk|jllejqoci| 0
Kdonk|jllejqoci| jqi |ynjq| sejs oidc s~k sk sig mkgk|jllejqoci
mkdilydi| kg ecqkd|o| jgc jqi sey| jnjog ldj||ofoic ogsk vjqoky| nqkyx|
cixigcogn yxkg sei gymaiq kf mkgk|jllejqoci ygos| fkqmic kg ecqkd|o|'
Ktt
% – L – E /
Ktt
% – L – /
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 144/171
<><
%j/ Co|jllejqoci| 0 Sei co|jllejqoci| jqi |ynjq| ~eole kg ecqkd|o| novi
s~k mkdilydi| kf sei |jmi kq coffiqigs mkgk|jllejqoci|'
L:1
E11
K::
" E1K L
6E
:1K
6" L
6E
:1K
6
\ylqk|i Ndylk|i Fqylsk|i
%a/ Sqo|jllejqoci| 0 Sei|i novi seqii mkdilydi| kf mkgk|jllejqoci| kg
ecqkd|o|'
L:5
E<1
K:6
" 1E1K L
6E
:1K
6" L
6E
:1K
6" L
6E
:1K
6
Qjffogk|i Njdjlsk|i Ndylk|i Fqylsk|i
1' Gkg-|ynjq| %kq/ Xkd|jllejqoci|
Sei|i jqi ljqakecqjsi| ~eole ogvkdvi j djqni gymaiq kf mkgk|jllejqoci
ygos| dogbic sk ijle kseiq a kuoci aqocni|' Sei|i dogbjni| jqi ljddic
ndlk|ocol dogbjni|' Sei lkmmkg jgc ~ocid co|sqoaysic xkd|jllejqoci|
lkqqi|xkgc sk sei nigiqjd fkqmydj %L6E
:8K
9/g' Sei nis ecqkd|ic sk novi
mkgk|jllejqoci|'
E"
%L6E
:8K
9/g
" g E1K g L
6E
:1K
6
\sjqle Ndylk|i
Sey| leimoljdd$ xkd|jllejqoci| jqi dkgn lejog xkdmiq| kf mkgk|jllejqoci|' \sjqle$ Liddydk|i jgc ogydog jqi iujmxdi| kf xkd|jllejqoci|'
Sey| ~ekdi kf sei ldj||ofoljsokg kf sei ljqakecqjsi| mj ai |ymmjqo|ic
j| aidk~'
LJQAKE_CQJSI\
\ynjq| Gkg-|ynjq|
%Xkd|jllejqoci|/
Mkgk|jllejqoci| kdonk|jllejqoci| Ekmkxkd- Eisiqkxkd-
|jllejqoci| |jllejqoci|
Jdck|i| Bisk|i|
Co|jllejqoci| Sqo|jllejqoci| Sisqj|jllejqoci| ''' ''' '''
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 145/171
<>3
1:'1 Xqixjqjsokg$ |sqylsyqi jgc y|i| kf Ndylk|i jgc Fqylsk|i
Ndylk|i 0 Ndylk|i o| j mkgk|jllejqoci jgc aidkgn| sk jdckeiuk|i'
Ndylk|i o| bgk~g j| ciusqk|i ailjy|i os kllyq| og gjsyqi j| sei kxsoljdd
jlsovi ciusqk-qksjskq o|kmiq' Os o| jd|k ljddic nqjxi |ynjq j| os o| fkygc og
mk|s |~iis fqyos| i|xilojdd nqjxi|' Os o| xqi|igs og ekgi jd|k'
Xqixjqjsokg 0 Os o| xqixjqic og djakqjskq a jloc ecqkd|o| kf ljgi
|ynjq og xqi|igli kf jdlkekd'
E"
L:1E11K:: " E1K L6E:1K6 " L6E:1K6
Ljgi |ynjq Ndylk|i Fqylsk|i
\sqylsyqi kf Ndylk|i 0
Sei |sqylsyqi kf ndylk|i ej| aiig ciqovic fqkm sei fkddk~ogn fjls|'
:' Idimigsjd jgjd|o| jgc mkdilydjq ~iones cisiqmogjsokg |ek~ sejs sei
mkdilydjq fkqmydj kf ndylk|i o| L6E
:1K
6'
1' Lkmxdisi qicylsokg kf ndylk|i ~ose lkgligsqjsic ecqokcol jloc og sei
xqi|igli kf qic xek|xekqky| xqkcyli| g-eiujgi j| sei mj`kq xqkcyls'
Seo| ogcoljsi| sejs sei |ou ljqakg jskm| og sei ndylk|i mkdilydi fkqm jg
ygaqjgleic lejog kf |ou ljqakg jskm|'
EO+XNdylk|i LE
<“ LE
1“ LE
1“ LE
1“ LE
1“ LE
<Qicylsokg
g-eiujgi
<' Ndylk|i qijcod co||kdvi| og ~jsiq sk novi j giysqjd |kdysokg' Seo| ogcoljsi|
sejs sei ndylk|i mkdilydi cki| gks lkgsjog j ljqakud
nqkyx'
3' Ndylk|i qijls| ~ose ecqkudjmogi sk fkqm j mkgkuomi kq jcc| kgd
kgi mkdi kf ELG sk novi j ljgkecqog' Seo| qijlsokg ogcoljsi| sei
xqi|igli kf ioseiq jg jdcieci kq j biskgi
nqkyx'
Ktt
% – L “ KE /
Ktt
% – L – E /Ktt
% – L – /
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 146/171
<>9
9' Modc kuocjsokg kf ndylk|i ~ose aqkmogi ~jsiq novi| ndylkgol jloc' Seo|
ogcoljsi| sei xqi|igli kf jg jdcieci nqkyx |ogli kgd sei jdcieci
nqkyx ljg ai kuoco|ic sk jg jloc$ lkgsjogogn |jmi gymaiq kf ljqakg
jskm|' \ogli sei |ou ljqakg jskm| og ndylk|i fkqm j lkg|ilysovi
ygaqjgleic lejog$ sei jdcieci nqkyx$ my|s kllyx kgi igc kf seo| lejog'
6' Fyqseiq kuocjsokg kf ndylkgol jloc ~ose gosqol jloc novi| |jllejqol jloc'
Seo| ogcoljsi| sei xqi|igli kf j xqomjq jdlkekdol nqkyx'
LKKE LKKE
Aq1 +E
1K
tEGK
<
t
Ndylk|i %LEK/3 %LEKE/3Modc t \sqkgn t
kuocjsokg LE1KE kuocjsokg LKKE
ndylkgol jloc |jllejqol jloc
>' Ndylk|i qicyli| jg jmmkgojljd |kdysokg kf |odviq gosqjsi %Skddig‟|
qijnigs/ sk misjddol |odviq kq j aj|ol |kdysokg kf lyxqol okg %Fiedogn‟|
|kdysokg/ sk qic lyxqky| kuoci' Sei|i qijlsokg| fyqseiq lkgfoqm sei
xqi|igli kf j jdcieci nqkyx'
5' Ndylk|i qijls| ~ose jlisol jgecqoci og sei xqi|igli kf xqocogi sk fkqm
j xigsj jlisjsi' Seo| qijlsokg ogcoljsi| sei xqi|igli kf fovi ecqkud
nqkyx| og j ndylk|i mkdilydi'
Fqkm sei jakvi ivocigli| ~i lkgldyci sejs ndylk|i o| j xigsj ecqku
eiujgjd %jg jdckeiuk|i/ jgc ljg ai qixqi|igsic a sei fkddk~ogn |sqylsyqi'
E K
Lt
* LEKEt
* LEKEt
* LEKE
t* LEKEtLE
1KE *L = j|mmisqol ljqakg jskm
Ndylk|i
%1$<$3$9$6 xigsj ecqku eiujgjd/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 147/171
<>6
FQYLSK\I 0
Fqylsk|i o| xqi|igs og jaygcjgli og fqyos| jgc eigli os o| ljddic j| fqyos
|ynjq' Os o| jd|k xqi|igs og ljgi |ynjq jgc ekgi jdkgn~ose ndylk|i og
lkmaogic fkqm' \ogli gjsyqjdd kllyqogn fqylsk|i o| djivkqksjskq$ os o| jd|k
bgk~g j| djivkdk|i' Os o| j biskeiuk|i'
Xqixjqjsokg 0
Fqylsk|i o| kasjogic a ecqkd|o|$ kf ljgi |ynjq ~ose |ydxeyqol jloc$
jdkgn ~ose ndylk|i'
cod'E1\K3L:1
E11
K::
" E1K L
6E
:1K
6" L
6E
:1K
6
Ljgi |ynjq Ndylk|i Fqylsk|i
Sei |kdysokg ejvogn izyjd mkdilydi| kf C %"/ ndylk|i jgc C %“/ fqylsk|i
o| siqmic j| ogviqs |ynjq jgc sei xqkli|| o| bgk~g j| ogviq|okg kf |ylqk|i'
\sqylsyqi 0
Sei |sqylsyqi kf fqylsk|i ej| aiig ciqovic fqkm sei fkddk~ogn fjls|'
:' Idimigsjd jgjd|o| jgc mkdilydjq ~iones cisiqmogjsokg |ek~ sejs sei
mkdilydjq fkqmydj kf fqylsk|i o| L6E
:1K
6'
1' Lkmxdisi qicylsokg kf fqylsk|i ~ose lkgligsqjsic ecqokcol jloc og sei
xqi|igli kf qic xek|xekqky| novi| g-eiujgi j| sei mj`kq xqkcyls' Seo|
ogcoljsi| sejs sei |ou ljqakg jskm| og sei fqylsk|i mkdilydi fkqm j
lkg|ilysovi ygaqjgleic lejog'
EO+XFqylsk|i LE
<“ LE
1“ LE
1“ LE
1“ LE
1“ LE
<Qicylsokg g-eiujgi
<' Fqylsk|i qijcod co||kdvi| og ~jsiq sk novi j giysqjd |kdysokg' Seo| ogcoljsi|
sejs sei fqylsk|i mkdilydi cki| gks lkgsjog j ljqakud
nqkyx'
3' Fqylsk|i qijls| ~ose jlisol jgecqoci og sei xqi|igli kf xqocogi sk fkqm
j xigsj jlisjsi' Seo| qijlsokg ogcoljsi| sei xqi|igli kf fovi ecqkud
nqkyx| og j fqylsk|i mkdilydi'
K
tt% – L “ KE /
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 148/171
<>>
9' Fqylsk|i qijls| ~ose ecqkudjmogi sk fkqm j mkgkuomi$ kq jcc| kgd
kgi mkdi kf ELG sk novi j ljgkecqog' Seo| qijlsokg ogcoljsi sei
xqi|igli kf ioseiq jg jdcieci
kq j biskgol nqkyx'
6' Fqylsk|i o| gks kuoco|ic a Aqkmogi ~jsiq ogcoljsogn sei ja|igli kf
jdciecol nqkyx'
Kuocjsokg kf fqylsk|i ~ose lkgligsqjsic gosqol jloc oidc| j mousyqi kf
ndlkddol jloc jgc sjqsjqol jloc' \ogli seo| kuocjsokg kllyq| ~ose sei qyxsyqi
kf sei ljqakg lejog$ sei ljqakgd nqkyx my|s ai xqi|igs j| j biskgi
nqkyx'LKKE LE
1KE
EGK<
t tFqylsk|i " 3 %K/ %LEKE/
1" LKKE " <E
1K
t ndlkddol jloc
LKKEsjqsjqol jloc
>' Xjqsojd qicylsokg kf fqylsk|i ~ose |kcoym jmjdnjm jgc ~jsiq xqkcyli|
j mousyqi kf s~k ixomiqol jdlkekd|$ |kqaoskd jgc mjggoskd$ ailjy|i j
gi~ j|mmisqol ligsqi o| aiogn lqijsic js L“1' Seo| lkgfoqm| sei
xqi|igli kf j biskgol nqkyx'
5' ^eig fqylsk|i o| sqijsic ~ose ELG$ os fkqm| jg jccosokg xqkcyls ~eole
yxkg ecqkd|o| jgc |ya|izyigs qicylsokg ~ose ecqokcol jloc jgc qic
xek|xekqky| novi| 1-mised-eiujgkol jloc' Seo| ogcoljsi| sejs sei biskgi
nqkyx o| jc`jligs sk kgi kf sei siqmogjd ljqakg jskm|'
ELG
Fqylsk|i
1-mised eiujgkol jloc
Ktt
% – L – E /
Ktt
% – L – /
LE1KE
t LG Ecqkd|o|
Lt KE
%LEKE/<
t
LE1KE
LE1KE
t LKKE Qicylsokg
Lt KE
%LEKE/<
t
LE1KE
LE<
t LKKE
Lt E
%LE1/<
t
LE<
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 149/171
<>5
Fqkm sei jakvi ivocigli| ~i lkgldyci sejs fqylsk|i o| j
xigsjecqkueiujgkgi %j biskeiuk|i/ jgc ljg ai qixqi|igsic a sei
fkddk~ogn |sqylsyqi'
LE1KE
t
L = K
t
* LEKE
t
* LEKEt * L = j|mmisqol ljqakg jskm
* LEKE
t
LE1KE
fqylsk|i
%:$ <$ 3$ 9$ 6$ xigsjecqku-1-eiujgkgi/
1:'< CO\JLLEJQOCI\
Co|jllejqoci| jqi |~iis sj|sogn$ lq|sjddogi$ ~jsiq-|kdyadi |ya|sjgli|$
ij|od ecqkd|ic a igpmi| jgc codysi mogiqjd jloc| sk s~k mkgk|jllejqoci
ygos|'
L:1
E11
K::
" E1K L
6E
:1K
6" L
6E
:1K
6
co|jllejqoci mkgk|jllejqoci mkgk|jllejqoci
Sei ecqkd|o| ogvkdvi| j ldijvjni kf ndlk|ocol dogbjni %o'i'$/ og sei
fkqmjsokg kf co|jllejqoci mkdilydi jsdij|s kgi mkgk|jllejqoci ygos o| dogbic
sk sei kseiq seqkyne sei ljqakgd ljqakg %L:
og ndylk|i jgc L1
og fqylsk|i/'
:' Co|jllejqoci| dogbic seqkyne sei ndlk|ocol ljqakg jskm| kf ijle
lkmxkgigs %L:
kf ndylk|i sk L1
kf fqylsk|i/ jqi gkg-qicylogn
co|jllejqoci|' %i'n'$/ \ylqk|i'
1' Co|jllejqoci| dogbic seqkyne L:
kf sei foq|s sk L3
kq L6
kf sei |ilkgc
lkmxkgigs' %Qicylogn co|jllejqoci|/ %i'n'$/ Djlsk|i'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 150/171
<>?
\ylqk|i 0 \ylqk|i o| sei lkmmkgi|s |ynjq bgk~g' Sei mk|s omxkqsjgs
|kyqli| jqi |ynjq ljgi jgc |ynjq aiis|'
Os o| j lkdkyqdi||$ kckyqdi|| lq|sjddogi lkmxkygc' Os o| |kdyadi og ~jsiq'
Os o| ciusqkqksjskq' Os o| j gkg-qicylogn |ynjq j| os cki| gks qicyli Skddig‟|
kq Fiedogn‟| qijnigs' \ylqk|i$ kg eijsogn |dk~d jgc ljqifydd$ mids| jgc
~eig jddk~ic sk lkkd$ os |kdocofoi| sk xjdi iddk~ ndj|| mj|| ljddic ―Ajqdi
\ynjq‟'
^eig eijsic sk 188kL$ os dk|i| ~jsiq sk fkqm aqk~g jmkqxeky| mj||
ljddic ljqjmid' Kg |sqkgn eijsogn$ os lejq| sk jdmk|s xyqi ljqakg novogn sei
|midd kf ayqgs |ynjq'
Os o| lkmxk|ic kf κ-C-ndylk|i ygos jgc α-C-fqylsk|i ygos' Sei|i ygos|
jqi kogic a j-α-ndlk|ocol dogbjni ais~iig L-: kf sei ndylk|i ygos L-1 kf
sei fqylsk|i ygos'
\sqylsyqi 0
E “ L LE1KE
t tE “ L “ KE K Lt t
EK “ L “ E EK “ L “ Et K t K
E “ L “ KE E “ L “ KEt t
E “ L E “ Lt t
LE1KE LE1KE
Xkd|jllejqoci|
Xkd|jllejqoci| jqi xkdmiq| kf mkgk|jllejqoci|' Sei mk|s omxkqsjgs
xkd|jllejqoci| jqi |sjqle jgc liddydk|i' Sei ejvi j nigiqjd fkqmydj
%L6E
:8K
9/g'
\sjqle 0 \sjqle o| j ~eosi jmkqxeky| |ya|sjgli ~ose gk sj|si kq |midd'
\sjqle o| xqi|igs og ~eijs$ lkqg$ ajqdi$ qoli$ xksjski|$ gys|$ isl'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 151/171
<58
^eig eijsic sk j simxiqjsyqi ais~iig 188“198kL$ os lejgni| ogsk
ciusqog' Js eoneiq simxiqjsyqi lejqqogn kllyq|' ^eig akodic ~ose codysi
jloc$ |sjqle ydsomjsid oidc| ndylk|i'
%L6E
:8K
9/g
%L6E
:8K
9/
gL
:1E
11K
::
\sjqle Ciusqog Mjdsk|i
L6E
:1K
6
Ndylk|i
^eig sqijsic ~ose igpmi$ coj|sj|i$ os oidc| mjdsk|i'
1 %L6E
:8K
9/g
" gE1K gL
:1E
11K
::
Mjdsk|i
\sjqle |kdysokg novi| j adyi lkdkyq ~ose j cqkx kf okcogi' Sei iujls
leimoljd gjsyqi kf |sjqle vjqoi| fqkm |kyqli sk |kyqli' Ivig sei |sjqle
kasjogic fqkm |jmi |kyqli lkg|o|s| kf s~k fqjlsokg| %o/ jmdk|i jgc
%oo/ jmdkxilsog'
Liddydk|i 0 Liddydk|i o| fkygc og jdd xdjgs| jgc |k o| sei mk|s jaygcjgs
kf jdd ljqakecqjsi|' Os o| sei mjsiqojd y|ic sk fkqm lidd ~jdd| jgc kseiq|sqylsyqjd fijsyqi| kf sei xdjgs|'
Liddydk|i o| og|kdyadi og ~jsiq jgc og mk|s kf sei kqnjgol |kdvigs|' eig
os o| akodic ~ose codysi E1\K
3$ os o| lkmxdisid ecqkd|ic ogsk C-ndylk|i'
%L6E
:8K
9/g
" gE1K gL
6E
:1K
6
Liddydk|i Ndylk|i
1:'3 JMOGK JLOC\
Jg jmogk jloc o| aofyglsokgjd kqnjgol mkdilydi sejs lkgsjog| akse jljqakud nqkyx$ “LKKE j| ~idd j| jg jmogi nqkyx$ “GE
1' Jmogk jloc|
ciqovic fqkm xqksiog| ejvi sei jmogk nqkyx kg sei jdxej %κ/ ljqakg$ sejs o|$
sei ljqakg jskm gius sk sei ljqakud nqkyx' Sei|i κ-jmogk jloc| mj ai
qixqi|igsic a sei fkddk~ogn nigiqjd fkqmydj'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 152/171
<5:
E K
t tt
Q“ L “ L “ KE
t
GE1
κ-ljqakg
Sei jmogkjloc| coffiq og sei gjsyqi kf Q-nqkyx akgcic sk κ-ljqakg
jskm' Sei gjsyqi kf Q-nqkyx cisiqmogi| sei xqkxiqsoi| kf xqksiog|'
Gijqd s~igs fovi jmogk jloc| ejvi aiig kasjogic fqkm sei ecqkd|o|
kf xqksiog|' Sei eymjg akc ljg |gsei|o|i |kmi kf sei jmogk jloc| sejs os
giic| fkq mjogsjogogn nkkc eijdse' Sek|i jmogk jloc| sejs ljggks ai
|gsei|o|ic a sei akc jgc my|s ai |yxxdoic og sei cois jqi ljddic I||igsojd
Jmogk jloc|' Sei jmogk jloc| sejs ljg ai |gsei|o|ic fqkm kseiq lkmxkygc|
a sei so||yi| kf sei akc jqi ljddic Gkg - i||igsojd Jmogk jloc|'
Iulixs Ndlogi %GE1
“ LE1
“ LKKE/$ jdd sei κ-jmogk jloc| ejvi jg
j|mmisqol ljqakg jskm' Eigli$ ijle kf sei|i jmogk jloc| ljg iuo|s j|
kxsoljd o|kmiq|' Cyi sk sei xqi|igli kf jg jlocol jgc j aj|ol nqkyx og sei
|jmi mkdilydi$ jmogk jloc| iuo|s og jg okgol fkqm ljddic j P~ossiq okg ~eiqi
sei xqkskg kf “LKKE nqkyx o| sqjg|fiqqic sk sei “GE1
nqkyx'
GE1
"GE<
t t
Q “ LE “ LKKE Q “ LE “ LKK“
Jmogk jloc P~ossiq okg
Cixigcogn kg sei xE kf sei |kdysokg$ sei jmogk jloc ljg ckgjsi kq
jllixs j xqkskg'
E K E K E K
t tt E" t tt KE“ t ttE"
<G “ L“L“KE E"
<G“L“L“K “ E
1G“L“L“K“
t t t
Q Q Q"Dk~ xE ljsokg %Jlocol |kdysokg/ P~ossiq okg Eone xE Jgokg
%OO/ %O/ %Aj|ol |kdysokg/ %OOO/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 153/171
<51
^eig jg okgo|ic fkqm kf jmogk jloc o| xdjlic og jg idilsqol foidc$ os ~odd
monqjsi sk~jqc| sei kxxk|osi idilsqkci' Og jlocol |kdysokg %dk~ xE/$ sei
ljsokg %OO/ mkvi sk~jqc| ljsekci' Og aj|ol |kdysokg %eone xE/$ sei jgokg
%OOO/ mkvi sk~jqc| jgkci' Sei p~ossiq okg cki| gks mkvi sk~jqc| jg kf
sei idilsqkci|' Sei xE js ~eole sei jmogk jloc |ek~| gk sigcigl sk
monqjsi ~eig xdjlic og jg idilsqol foidc o| bgk~g j| o|kidilsqol xkogs'
Seo| o| lejqjlsiqo|sol kf j novig jmogk jloc'
Xqksiog| jqi fkqmic a kogogn sei ljqakud nqkyx kf kgi jmogk jloc sk
sei κ-jmogk nqkyx kf jgkseiq jmogk jloc' Sei akgc fkqmic ais~iig s~k
jmogk jloc| a sei idomogjsokg kf j ~jsiq mkdilydi o| ljddic j xixsocidogbjni kq akgc'
“ L“ KE " E “G “ “ L “ G “ " E1K
tt t tt t
K E K E
Ljqakud nqkyx Jmogi nqkyx kf Xixsoci akgc
kf kgi jmogk jloc kseiq jmogk jloc
Sei xqkcyls fkqmic a dogbogn jmogk jloc mkdilydi| seqkyne xixsoci
dogbjni|$ “ LK “ GE “$ o| ljddic jxixsoci' Xixsoci| jqi fyqseiq ci|ongjsic
j| co$ sqo$ sisqj kq xigsj xixsoci| jllkqcognd j| sei lkgsjog s~k$ seqii$ fkyqkq fovi jmogk jloc mkdilydi|$ |jmi kq coffiqigs$ kogic skniseiq'
Og xixsoci fkqmjsokg sei s~k coffiqigs jmogk jloc mkdilydi| mj qijls
og kgi kf sei s~k ~j|'LE
<LE
<
t t
%o/ GE1
“ LE1
“ LKKE " E1G “ LE “ LKKE E
1G“LE
1“LK“GE“LE“LKKE
Ndlogi Jdjgogi Ndldjdjgogi %j coxixsoci/
LE<
LE<
t t
%oo/ E1G “ LE “ LKKE " E
1G“LE
1“LKKE E
1G“LE“LK“GE“LE
1“LKKE
Jdjgogi Ndlogi Jdjgd ndlogi %j coxixsoci/
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 154/171
<5<
1:'9 DOXOC\
Doxoc| fkqm j nqkyx kf kqnjgol lkmxkygc| ~eole jqi ~ocid co|sqoaysic
og dovogn ||sim' Doxoc| jqi mjogd covocic ogsk seqii sxi|$ gjmid |omxdi$
lkmxkygc jgc ciqovic$ cixigcogn kg sei aj|o| kf sei gjsyqi kf xqkcyls|
kasjogic kg ecqkd|o|'
Fyglsokg| kf doxoc| og aok||sim| 0
Fjs| jgc kod| jls j| |skqjni kf igiqn og xdjgs| jgc jgomjd|' Og sei jgomjd
akc$ fjs| jqi |skqic og fjss so||yi|$ ~eole jqi jdmk|s xyqi fjs$' Fjs novi
jakys 1´ somi| j| myle igiqn j| ljqakecqjsi| kq xqksiog|' Sey|$ j| fjq j|
~iones o| lkgliqgic$ |skqjni kf fjs o| sei mk|s ilkgkmoljd ~j fkq sei akcsk mjogsjog j qi|iqvi igiqn |yxxd' Fjs o| j xkkq lkgcylskq kf eijs' Eigli$
fjs djiq ygciq |bog |iqvi| sk xqivigs dk||i| kf eijs fqkm sei akc'
^ju jls| j| j xqksilsovi jnigs kg sei |yqfjli| kf jgomjd| jgc xdjgs|'
ju lkjsogn kg sei |yqfjli kf xdjgs| jgc fqyos| xqksils| seim fqkm iuli||ovi
dk|| kf mko|syqi jgc ailkmogn ogfilsic ~ose fygno jgc ajlsiqoj'
Xek|xekdoxoc| dobi diloseog|$ jgc lixejdog| xdj j nqijsiq qkdi og aok||sim'
Sei diloseog| jqi qizyoqic fkq gkqmjd sqjg|xkqs jgc ysodo|jsokg kf kseiq doxoc|$
i|xilojdd og sei doviq' diloseog joc| og sei kqnjgo|jsokg kf sei lidd |sqylsyqi'
Lixejdog| jqi fkygc og sei aqjog' Lixejdog| ejvi aiig omxdoljsic og sei
xqkli|| kf adkkc lkjnydjsokg'
Njdjlskdoxoc| kllyq og lkg|ociqjadi jmkygs og sei ~eosi mjssiq kf sei
aqjog jgc kf jdd giqvky| so||yi' Sei xqi|igli kf njdjlsk|i og sei ndlkdoxoc|
|ynni|s| sei omxkqsjgli kf modb |ynjq og sei cois kf ogfjgs| jgc leodcqig
cyqogn sei cividkxmigs kf sei aqjog jgc giqvky| ||sim'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 155/171
<53
\IDF IVJDYJSOKG
%J/ Lekk|i sei lkqqils jg|~iq 0
:' ^eole o| j mkgk |jllejqoci jmkgn sei fkddk~ogn 0
%j/ \ylqk|i %a/ Liddydk|i %l/ Mjdsk|i %c/ Ndylk|i
1' Ocigsof sei qicylogn |ynjq'
%j/ \ylqk|i %a/ Liddydk|i %l/ \sjqle %c/ Ndylk|i
<' \ylqk|i o| gks
%j/ j co |jllejqoci %a/ j gkg-qicylogn |ynjq'%l/ ecqkd|ic sk kgd ndylk|i %c/ ecqkd|ic sk ndylk|i & fqylsk|i
3' \ylqk|i lkgsjog| ndylk|i jgc fqylsk|i dogbic a
%j/ L:
“ L:
%a/ L:
“ L1
%l/ L:
“ L3
%c/ L:
“ L6
9' Ndylk|i o| gks kuoco|ic sk ndylkgol jloc a
%j/ Aq1 +E
1K %a/ Fiedogn |kdysokg|
%l/ Skddig‟| qijnigs %c/ Lkgl' EGK<
6' Ogviq|okg kf |ylqk|i qifiq| sk
%j/ kuocjsokg kf |ylqk|i %a/ qicylsokg kf |ylqk|i
%l/ ecqkd|o| kf |ylqk|i sk ndylk|i jgc fqylsk|i%c/ xkdmiqo|jsokg kf |ylqk|i'
>' Ndylk|i fkqm|[[[[[[[[[[[ ~ose jlisol jgecqoci jgc |kcoym jlisjsi'
%j/ co jlisjsi %a/ sisqj jlisjsi
%l/ xigsj jlisjsi %c/ eiuj jlisjsi
5' Sei jmogk jloc ~osekys leoqjd ljqakg o|
%j/ Nd|ogi %a/ Jdjgogi %l/ Xqkdogi %c/ Seqk|ogi
?' Sei ayodcogn adklb kf xqksiog| jqi
%j/ κ-ecqku jloc| %a/ κ-jmogk jloc|
%l/ α-ecqku jloc| %c/ α-jmogk jloc|
:8' ^eole o| gks sqyi kf jmogk jloc ;
%j/ jmogk jloc fkqm| P~ossiq okg
%a/ ej| o|kidilsqol xkogs
%l/ cyjd aiejvokyq|
%c/ jmogk jloc o| og|kdyadi og GjKE |kdysokg
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 156/171
<59
::' S~k jmogk jloc| |j J$ A- qijls sk novi
%j/ s~k coxixsoci| %a/ seqii coxixsoci|
%l/ fkyq coxixsoci| %c/ kgd kgi
:1' J co xixsoci cki| gks ejvi
%j/ s~k xixsoci ygos| %a/ xkqsokg| kf s~k jmogk jloc|
%l/ jg jmock nqkyx %c/ |jds dobi |sqylsyqi
:<' Xqksiog| jqi gks |ig|osovi sk
%j/ jloc| %a/ aj|i|
%l/ idivjsic simxiqjsyqi %c/ ~jsiq
:3' Cigjsyqjsokg cki| gks ogvkdvi%j/ aqijbogn yx kf E“ akgcogn og xqksiog|
%a/ sei dk|| kf aokdknoljd jlsokg kf igpmi
%l/ sei dk|| kf |ilkgcjq |sqylsyqi
%c/ dk|| kf xqomjq |sqylsyqi kf xqksiog|
:9' \xilofolos kf igpmi o| cyi sk
%j/ sei |izyigli kf jmogk jloc|
%a/ |ilkgcjq |sqylsyqi
%l/ siqsojq |sqylsyqi
%c/ jdd kf sei jakvi
:6' Ydsomjsi xqkcyls| kf ecqkd|o| kf xqksiog| o|%j/ jgodogi %a/ jdoxejsol jloc
%l/ jmogk jloc %c/ jqkmjsol jloc
:>'Xqksiog| jqi
%j/ xkdxixsoci| %a/ xkd jloc|
%l/ xkd xeigkd| %c/ xkd i|siq|
:5' ^eole kf sei fkddk~ogn lkgsjog| j doxoc ;
%j/ |sjqle %a/ mogiqjd kod
%l/ icoadi kod %c/ xixsoci
:?' ^eole jmkgn sei fkddk~ogn lkgsjog| sqondliqoci ;
%j/ ju %a/ Lkkbogn kod%l/ I||igsojd kod %c/ Jdaymog
18' ^eole lkgsjog| j dkgn lejog i|siq ;
%j/ ~ju %a/ lkkbogn kod
%l/ syqxigsogi kod %c/ liddydk|i
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 157/171
<56
1:' Jg iujmxdi kf j fjss jloc kasjogic fqkm j lkkbogn kod o|
%j/ jlisol jloc %a/ |sijqol jloc
%l/ aigpkol jloc %c/ kujdol jloc
11' ^eole o| gks j |jsyqjsic fjss jloc ;
%j/ Xjdmosol jloc %a/ \sijqol jloc
%l/ Kdiol jloc %c/ Ndliqol jloc
1<' Jdbjdogi ecqkd|o| kf lkkbogn kod novi|
%j/ |kjx %a/ ndliqkd
%l/ fjss jloc %c/ akse %j/ jgc %a/
13'Ejoq jgc gjod lkgsjog|%j/ liddydk|i %a/ fjs
%l/ biqjsog %c/ doxoc
19' Omxkqsjgs lkg|sosyigs kf lidd ~jdd o|
%j/ doxoc %a/ liddydk|i
%l/ xqksiog %c/ vosjmog
%A/ Jg|~iq og kgi kq s~k |igsigli| 0
:' ^ejs jqi ljqakecqjsi| ; Novi s~k iujmxdi|
1' Novi sei |sqylsyqi kf |ylqk|i'
<' ^ejs o| |sjqle ; ejs jqi sei ydsomjsi ecqkd|o| xqkcyls| ;
3' ^ejs o| sei jlsokg kf lkg' EO kg ndylk|i ;
9' ^ejs o| \jxkgofoljsokg ;
%L/ Jg|~iq gks iuliicogn |ous ~kqc| 0
:' Kysdogi sei ldj||ofoljsokg kf ljqakecqjsi| novogn iujmxdi fkq ijle'
1' Ek~ ljg j qicylogn |ynjq coffiq fqkm gkg-qicylogn |ynjq'
<' Co|sognyo|e ndylk|i fqkm fqylsk|i'
3' \ek~ sei fkqmjsokg kf j xixsoci akgc ~ose jg izyjsokg'
9' Migsokg sei aokdknoljd omxkqsjgli kf doxoc|'
6' ^qosi jakys sei xqixjqjsokg jgc xqkxiqsoi| kf ndylk|i'
>' Ek~ o| sei |sqylsyqi kf fqylsk|i cisiqmogic ;
5' ^qosi |ekqs gksi| kg sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf \kjx jgc ju ;
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 158/171
<5>
\YMMJQ_ 0
Sei mkdilydi|$ ~eole fkqm sei aj|o| kf kyq dofi$ jqi lkmxdiu mkdilydi|
ljddic aokmkdilydi| ~eole og syqg lkmaogi jgc fkqm sei dovogn aiogn|$
ljqakecqjsi|$ xqksiog|$ gyldiol jloc| jgc doxoc| jqi aokmkdilydi|'
Ljqakecqjsi| jqi xkdecqku jdcieci| kq xkdecqku biskgi|' Sei
jqi gjsyqjdd kllyqogn kqnjgol |ya|sjgli|'
Xqksiog| jqi lkmxdiu xkdjmoci| fkqmic fqkm jmogk jloc|' Sei jqi
i||igsojd fkq xqkxiq nqk~se jgc mjogsigjgli kf akc' Sei lkgsjog mjg
xixsoci “LK“GE“ akgc|' Seiqifkqi$ xqksiog| jqi dkgn xkdmiq| kf jmogk
jloc| dogbic a xixsoci akgc|'
Jmogk jloc| jqi sei lkmxkygc| ~eole lkgsjog ljqakudol jloc nqkyx
jgc jmogk nqkyx' Jmogk jloc| fkqm xqksiog|' Iulixs ndlogi jdd sei κ-jmogk
jloc| jqi kxsoljdd jlsovi' Sei coxkdjq fkqm kf jmogkjloc o| ljddic P~ossiq
okg' Sei xE js ~eole sei jmogk jloc |ek~| gk sigcigl sk monqjsi ~eig
xdjlic og jg idilsqol foidc o| bgk~g j| o|kdilsqol xkogs'
QIFIQIGLI\ 0
:' Kqnjgol Leimo|sq a Mkqqo|kg jgc Akc'
1' Leimo|sq kf gjsyqjd xqkcyls| a K'X' Jnjq~jd Vkd' O jgc OO'[[[[[[
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 159/171
<55
11' LEIMO\SQ_ OG JLSOKG
DIJQGOGN KA@ILSOVI\
H Sk bgk~ sei jxxdoljsokg| kf leimo|sq fkq kviqlkmogn gymiqky| xqkadim|
fjlic a sei mjgbogc og vjqoky| foidc|'
H Sk dijqg sei y|i| kf leimoljd lkmxkygc| og sei foidc kf micologi j|
jgi|seisol|$ jgjdni|ol|$ jgsoxqisol|$ jgso|ixsol| jgc jgsomjdjqojd|$ isl'
H
Sk |syc sei gjsyqi kf Ci| jgc seioq jxxdoljsokg|'H Sk bgk~ sei jxxdoljsokg| kf leimoljd lkmxkygc| j| fkkc xqi|iqvjsovi|$
jqsofolojd |~iisigogn jnigs|$ jgsokuocjgs|'
H Sk bgk~ jakys qklbis xqkxiddjgs|'
H Sk dijqg jakys sei mkciqg leimoljd ogcy|sq.| leoif xqkcyls - xkdmiq|'
J cisjodic jllkygs kf sxi|$ xqixjqjsokg jgc y|i| kf xkdmiq| jqi novig'
i fogc kyq|idvi| j||klojsic ~ose eygcqic| kf seogn| ~eole jqi ioseiq
leimoljd og gjsyqi seim|idvi| kq ejvi seioq kqonog og leimo|sq' Sey|$ sei
xqkviqa$ ――Leimo|sq o| gks fkq leimo|s| jdkgi‟‟ o| sqyi og os| ja|kdysi siqm'Os ej| eidxic og kviqlkmogn j djqni gymaiq kf xqkadim| fjlic a sei mjgbogc
og qiligs xj|s$ og sei foidc| kf fkkc$ |eidsiq jgc co|ij|i'
Sk j lkmmkg mjg$ ek~iviq$ seo| lkgsqoaysokg kf leimo|sq qimjog|
ygbgk~g sekyne gks yggksolic' Eiqi$ og seo| ygos$ j aqoif jllkygs kf
――leimo|sq og jlsokg‟‟ o| xqi|igsic'
11': MICOLOGJD LEIMO\SQ_
Sei leimoljd lkmxkygc| ~eole iuiqs$ vjqoky| xe|okdknoljd iffils| kf
seiqjxiysol vjdyi jqi ljddic cqyn|' Cqyn| fjdd ogsk s~k nigiqjd ljsinkqoi| 0
%o/ Sei cqyn| sejs jqi y|ic og sei sqijsmigs jgc lyqi kf jg |xilofol
co|ij|i'
%oo/ Sei cqyn| sejs ejvi |kmi lejqjlsiqo|sol iffils kg sei jgomjd kqnjgo|m$
ays ck gks ejvi jg qimicojd iffils fkq j xjqsolydjq co|ij|i' Seo| ldj|| ogldyci|$
mkqxeogi$ lkljogi isl'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 160/171
<5?
Sei iffils| kf sei cqyn| aidkgnogn sk sei foq|s ljsinkq jqi ci|lqoaic a
sei siqm leimkseiqjx'
Sqijsmigs kf liqsjog co|ij|i| a ci|sqkogn sei ogvjcogn kqnjgo|m
~osekys cjmjnogn sei lidd| kf sei ek|s$ a sei y|i kf liqsjog kqnjgol
lkmxkygc| og bgk~g j| leimkseiqjx'
:' Jgji|seisol|
Sei cqyn| ~eole xqkcyli dk|| kf |ig|jsokg jqi ljddic jgji|seisol|' Sei
jqi ldj||ofoic ogsk s~k sxi|' %o/ Nigiqjd jgji|seisol| jqi sei jnigs$ ~eole
aqogn jakys dk|| kf jdd mkcjdosoi| kf |ig|jsokg$ xjqsolydjqd xjog jdkgn ~ose―qiviq|oadi‟ dk|| kf lkgloky|gi||' %oo/ Dkljd jgji|seisol| xqivigs sei xjog
|ig|jsokg og dkljdo|ic jqij| ~osekys jffilsogn sei cinqii kf lkgloky|gi||'
%o/ Gosqky| kuoci G1K 0 Os o| j lkdkyqdi||$ ogkqjngol gkg-oqqosjsogn nj|'
Os o| sei |jfi|s kf sei jgji|seisol jnigs|' Seo| o| y|ic jfsiq mouogn nigiqjd
jgji|seisol| dobi iseiq'
%oo/ Ledkqkfkqm LELd<
0 Vkdjsodi dozyoc' Os ej| xdij|igs |midd jgc |~iis
sj|si' ^ose kunig os fkqm| j skuol ljqakgd ledkqoci' Eigli os o| gks y|ic
gk~'
%ooo/ Iseiq 0 Sei xqi|igs fkqm kf L1E9“K“L1E9 o| j vkdjsodi dozyoc' Seo|o| mouic ~ose |sjaodopiq 8'881) xqkxd ejdoci' Jfsiq ja|kqxsokg a so||yi| os
jssjlb| sei ligsqjd giqvky| ||sim jgc mjbi| yglkgloky|'
1' Jgjdni|ol|
Jgjdni|ol| jqi sei lkmxkygc| ~eole qidoivi jdd |kqs| kf xjog| ~osekys
sei dk|| kf lkg|loky|gi||' Sei|i jqi jd|k ljddic j| xjog boddiq $ kq xjog
qidoiviq|' Sei|i jqi iffilsovi og eijcjlei|$ mjdnoj jgc jqsejdnoj'
Iujmxdi| 0 J|xoqog$ Gkvjdnog jqi lkmmkgd y|ic jgjdni|ol|' J|xoqog
jls| akse j| jgsoxqisol j| ~idd j| jgjdni|ol' Liqsjog gjqlksol| %~eole xqkcyli
|diix jgc yglkg|loky|gi||/ jqi jd|k y|ic j| jgjdni|ol|'
<' Jgsoxqisol|
Jgsoxqisol| jqi sei lkmxkygc| ~eole jqi y|ic fkq sei xyqxk|i kf
qicylogn fiviq %dk~iqogn sei akc simxiqjsyqi sk sei gkqmjd/' Sei mk|s
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 161/171
<?8
lkmmkg jgsoxqisol| jqi$ j|xoqog$ jgsoxqogi$ xeigjlisog$ jgc xjqjlisjmkd'
Seioq jcmogo|sqjsokg %sjbogn sei|i cqyn|/ kfsig dijc| sk xiq|xoqjsokg'
jlisd |jdoldol jloc xeigjlisog x-jlisjmockxeigkd
%j|xoqog/ %xjqjlisjmkd/
3' Jgso|ixsol 0
Jgso|ixsol o| j |ya|sjgli sejs qigckq| molqk kqnjgo|m| oggklyky| a
boddogn seim kq xqivigsogn seioq nqk~se' Seo| siqm o| y|ic xjqsolydjqd fkq
xqixjqjsokg| jxxdoic sk dovogn so||yi|'
%o/ Okckfkqm$ LEO<
o| y|ic j| jg jgso|ixsol jgc os| :) |kdysokg o| j
co|ogfilsjgs'
%oo/ 8'1 xiqligs |kdysokg kf xeigkd jls| j| jg jgso|ixsol jgc os| :) |kdysokg
o| j co|ogfilsjgs'
9' Jgsoxqkskpkjd| %Jgsomjdjqojd/
Mjdjqoj ljy|i| |eoviqogn jgc fiviq' Sei akc simxiqjsyqi qo|i| sk :8<-
:86kF' Os ljy|i| xe|oljd ~ijbgi|| ~ose sei |oci-iffils| og diviq jgc jd|k
ljy|i| jgijmoj'
Iusqjls| kf liqsjog xdjgs|$ |xilojdd sei qkks| jgc |sim|$ jqi iusig|ovid
y|ic j| jgsomjdjqojd' Loglekgj ajqb ~eole novi| qo|i sk zyogogi jls| j|
jgsomjdjqojd' Sei dj|s jgsomjdjqojd co|lkviqic og :?6: o| xqomisejmogi'
Ek~iviq$ zyogogi$ xqomjzyogi jgc ledkqkzyogi jqi |kmi kf sei ai|s
jgsomjdjqojd|'
Ledkqkzyogi o| y|ic |xilojdd sk lkgsqkd mjdjqojd xjqj|osi kf sei kvjdi
vovju isl' Os o| gks y|ic og lyqogn sei co|ij|i' Os o| y|ic j| j mousyqi ~ose
kseiq jgsomjdjqojd|'
LKKE
Ktt
K “ L “ LE<
GELKLE<
KL1E
9
GE“LK“LE<
KE
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 162/171
<?:
6' Jgsoaoksol|
Mjg molqkkqnjgo|m| %ajlsiqoj$ fygno jgc mkydc|/ xqkcyli liqsjog
leimoljd| ~eole ogeoaos sei nqk~se kq misjakdo|m kf |kmi kseiq
molqkkqnjgo|m' \yle leimoljd lkmxkygc| jqi bgk~g j|jgsoaoksol|' Sei|i
giic ai xqi|igs kgd og dk~ lkgligsqjsokg sk ai iffilsovi og seioq jgsoaoksol
jlsokg' Sei foq|s jgsoaoksol$ co|lkviqic a Jdiujgciq Fdimogn og:?1?$ fqkm
mkydc Xigoloddoym gksjsym$ ~j| xigoloddog'
Seiqi jqi seqii mjog |kyqli| kf jgsoaoksol|'
%o/ Ajlsiqoj %oo/ Fygno jgc %ooo/ Jlsogkmlisi|
Xigoloddog|
Xigoloddog| o| sei gjmi novig sk sei mousyqi kf gjsyqjd lkmxkygc| ejvogn
sei mkdilydjq fkqmydj L?E
::G
1K
3\ - Q$ jgc coffiqogn kgd og sei gjsyqi kf
Q' Cixigcogn yxkg sei gjsyqi kf Q$ seiqi jqi js dij|s |ou gjsyqjd xigoloddog|'
Y|i|' Xigoloddog o| iusig|ovid y|ic fkq qeiymjsol fiviq$ gjqqk~ogn kf
eijqs ~jdd$ aqkgleoso|$ jgc xgiymkgoj isl'
>' Jgsjloc|
Zyosi kfsig$ jfsiq ijsogn kod jgc |xol fkkc$ kgi mj fiid yglkmfkqsjadi
cyi sk |kmi ayqgogn |ig|jsokg og |skmjle+fkkc xoxi' Seo| o| cyi sk sei
omajdjgli og sei jlocos og sei |skmjle'
Liqsjog cqyn fkqmydjsokg| xqkvoci qidoif fqkm |yle ayqgogn |ig|jsokg'
Sei|i jqi bgk~g j| jgsjloc|'
Jgsjloc| jqi jvjodjadi og sjadis j| ~idd j| nid+|qyx fkqm|' Sei|i jgsjloc|
lkgsjog mjngi|oym jgc jdymogoym ecqkuoci|$ og jccosokg sk fdjvkyqogn
jnigs| jgc lkdkyq'
5' Jgso|xj|mkcol|
Seiqi jqi j nqkyx kf micologi| sejs ogldyci gjsyqjd aiddkckgj jdbjdkoc|
%jsqkxogi$ aiddkckgj/'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 163/171
<?1
Sei|i micologi| jqi y|ic sk qidoivi lqjmx|$ |xj|m| kf sei |skmjle$
ogsi|sogi| jgc adjcciq' \kmi jqi y|ic ~ose jgsjloc$ kq kseiq micologi og sei
sqijsmigs kf xixsol ydliq' Sei|i micologi xqivigs gjy|ij$ vkmosogn jgc
mksokg |olbgi||' Og liqsjog |yqnoljd jgc imiqnigl xqklicyqi$ sei|i jqi
y|ic sk eidx qidju |skmjle jgc ogsi|sogi fkq liqsjog sxi| kf iujmogjsokg kq
cojngk|o|'
Iujmxdi 0 Jgo|ksqkxogi$ Jsqkxogi$ Colldkmogi$ Logcogoym ljx
11'1 C_I\
\ogli somi ommimkqojd$ eymjg aiogn| ejvi aiig fj|logjsic a lkdkyq'Og sei ainoggogn$ sei lkdkyq mjsiqojd| ~iqi iusqjlsic fqkm vinisjadi |kyqli|'
Gk~ j cj|$ |yle |ya|sjgli| jqi |gsei|opic og fjlskqoi| seqkyne |omxdi
leimoljd qijlsokg|'
Ci| jqi lkdkyqic lkmxkygc| y|ic og omxjqsogn lkdkyq sk siusodi|$ fkkc
|syff| isl' J ci |ekydc ejvi sei fkddk~ogn lejqjlsiqo|sol|'
%o/ Os |ekydc ejvi j |yosjadi lkdkyq'
%oo/ Os |ekydc ai jadi sk fou os|idf kq ai ljxjadi kf aiogn fouic sk sei fjaqol'
%ooo/Os |ekydc ai fj|s sk dones'
%ov/Os |ekydc ai qi|o|sjgs sk sei jlsokg kf ~jsiq$ codysi jloc| jgc jdbjdoi|
%jdd cisiqnigs| jgc ~j|eogn |kjx| jqi jdbjdogi og gjsyqi/'
Mjg gjsyqjd ci| ejvi aiig bgk~g fkq j dkgn somi' Sei|i ~iqi kasjogic
fqkm vinisjadi |kyqli|' Gk~ j cj|$ xqjlsoljdd jdd sei ci| jqi |gseisol$
jgc jqi xqixjqic fqkm jqkmjsol lkmxkygc| kasjogic fqkm lkjd sjq' Seiqifkqi$
|yle ci| jqi |kmisomi| ljddic j| lkjd sjq ci|'
11'< Lkdkyq jgc \sqylsyqi kf Ci|
Sei qidjsokg|eox ais~iig sei lkdkyq kf j |ya|sjgli jgc os| |sqylsyqi
~j| iuxdjogic a j Niqmjg |loigso|s Kssk ^oss %:5>6/ seqkyne seileqkmkxekqi jgc jyukleqkmi seikq' Jllkqcogn sk seo| seikq$
%o/ Jg kqnjgol lkmxkygc jxxijq| lkdkyqic cyi sk sei xqi|igli kf liqsjog
yg|jsyqjsic nqkyx| %sei nqkyx| ~ose mydsoxdi akgc|/ og os' \yle nqkyx| ~ose
mydsoxdi akgc| jqi ljddic leqkmkxekqi|'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 164/171
<?<
\kmi sxoljd leqkmkxekqi| jqi$
t
Gosqk Jpku “ G = G ↑ K Ljqakgd 7 L = K
Jpk “G = G“ Zyogogkoc Xkdigi “%EL=LE/g“
%oo/ Sei lkmxkygc| lkgsjogogn sei leqkmkxekqi nqkyx o| ljddic
leqkmknig'Sei lkdkyq ogsig|os oglqij|i| ~ose sei gymaiq kf leqkmkxekqi|
kq sei cinqii kf lkg`ynjsokg' Fkq iujmxdi$ iseigi %LE1
= LE1/ o| lkdkyqdi||$
ays sei lkmxkygc LE<
“ %LE = LE/6
“ LE<
o| iddk~ og lkdkyq'
%ooo/ Sei xqi|igli kf liqsjog nqkyx| ~eole jqi gks leqkmkxekqi|
seim|idvi|$ ays ciixig sei lkdkyq kf sei leqkmknig' \yle |yxxkqsogn nqkyx|
jqi ljddic jyukleqkmi|' Jyukleqkmi| mj ai jlocol %xeigkdol/ kq aj|ol'
\kmi omxkqsjgs jyukleqkmi| jqi “KE$ “GE1$ “GEQ$ GQ
1'
Sei xqi|igli kf jg jyukleqkmi og sei leqkmknig mkdilydi o| i||igsojd
sk mjbi os j ci' Ek~iviq$ of jg jyukleqkmi o| xqi|igs og sei misj xk|osokg
sk sei leqkmkxekqi$ os cki| gks jffils sei lkdkyq' Fkq iujmxdi$ og seilkmxkygc x-ecqkujpkaigpigi %j aqones qic ci/$
%j/ jpkaigpigi$ o| sei leqkmknig
%a/ cojpk nqkyx$ “ G = G “ o| sei leqkmkxekqi
%l/ ecqkud nqkyx$ “KE o| jyukleqkmi
K
“G
K
G = G KE
G = G
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 165/171
<?3
11'3 LEIMOLJD\ OG FKKC
Fkkc| ljg jd|k ai xqi|iqvic a y|ogn liqsjog leimoljd |ya|sjgli| ~eole
ljg bodd sei fkkc |xkodogn molqkkqnjgo|m|' Sei|i leimoljd |ya|sjgli| ioseiq
coqilsd bodd |yle kqnjgo|m|$ kq xqkcyli |kmi kseiq leimoljd |ya|sjgli og
sei xqi|iqvic fkkc ~eole seig bodd| sei fkkc |xkodogn molqkkqnjgo|m|' Seo|
misekc kf fkkc xqi|iqvjsokg o| ljddic leimoljd xqi|iqvjsokg'
J leimoljd |ya|sjgli ~eole xqivigs| sei |xkodjni kf fkkc mjsiqojd a
ci|sqkogn sei fkkc-|xkodogn molqkkqnjgo|m| og os o| ljddic j fkkc
xqi|iqvjsovi'
\kcoym aigpkjsi$ jgc xksj||oym misjao|ydxeosi jqi y|ic fkq fkkc
xqi|iqvjsokg'
\kcoym aigpkjsi o| y|ic sk xqi|iqvi fqyos yoli| jgc |zyj|e j| |kcoym
aigpkjsi o| |kdyadi og ~jsiq' Os bodd| sei fkkc |xkodogn molqkkqnjgo|m|'
Xksj||oym misj-ao|ydxeosi o| y|ic fkq xqi|iqvogn sei lkdkyqdi|| fqyos|
dobi jxxdi$ dosleo$ mjgnk leysgi jgc dimkg |zyj|ei| isl' Xksj||oym
misjao|ydxeosi qijls| ~ose sei jloc kf fqyos+`yoli jgc xqkcyli| \K1$ ~eole
bodd| sei molqkkqnjgo|m|'
11'3': Jqsofolojd \~iisigogn Jnigs|
Mkgk jgc co|jllejqoci| jqi |~iis og sj|si' \~iisgi|| o| lkmmkgd
j||klojsic ~ose |ynjq|' Ek~iviq$ liqsjog kqnjgol lkmxkygc| ~eole ejvi
aiig |gsei|opic og djakqjskqoi| jqi bgk~g sk ai mjg somi| |~iisiq sejg
ljgi|ynjq' \yle lkmxkygc| jqi ljddic jqsofolojd |~iisigogn jnigs| kq
jqsofolojd |~iisgiq|'
\kmi lkmmkgd y|ic jqsofolojd |~iisgiq| jqi$ %o/ \jllejqog$ %oo/ Cydlog$
%ooo/ Lldjmjsi$ %ov/ Gilsjqog jgc %v/ \ylqjdk|i
11'3'1 Jgsokuocjgs|
Sei |ya|sjgli| sejs jls jnjog|s kuocjgs| jqi ljddic jgsokuocjgs|'
Jgsokuocjgs| sey| mogomo|i sei cjmjni ljy|ic a kuocjgs|' Jgsokuocjgs|
xqksils y| jnjog|s ljqcokvj|lydjq co|ij|i$ ljgliq jgc ljsjqjls jgc sei |dk~
ck~g sei iffils kf jniogn' Sei mk|s omxkqsjgs jgsokuocjgs| jqi vosjmog L$
vosjmog I jgc α-ljqksigi'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 166/171
<?9
Jgsokuocjgs| jls j| qjcoljd ogeoaoskq|' Sei|i jgsokuocjgs| ljg ai y|ic j|
fkkc xqi|iqvjsovi|' Vosjmog I o| j gjsyqjdd kllyqqogn xqi|iqvjsovi fkygc og
vinisjadi kod'
11'9 QKLBIS XQKXIDDJGS\
Qklbis| ejvi aiig og y|i |ogli ijqd fofs‟|' Qy||ojg| y|ic xk~iqfydqklbis| sk xys seioq |xjli vieoldi| og |xjli' Ygosic \sjsi| kf Jmiqolj y|ic\jsyqg qklbis| fkq seioq Jxkddk |xjli mo||okg|' Ogcoj ej| qiligsd djygleicos| |jsiddosi djygle vieoldi \DV-< fqkm \qoejqobksj'
Qklbis mkskq| jqi y|ic akse og |xjli vieoldi| jgc og kffig|ovi ~ijxkg|
|yle j| mo||odi|' Sei xqkxyd|okg ||sim og mk|s |xjli vieoldi| lkg|o|s| kf qklbis ignogi| xk~iqic a leimoljd xqkxiddjgs|' Sei|i jd|k ljddic qklbis
xqkxiddjgs|'
Xqkxiddjgs| jqi lkmay|soadi lkmxkygc| ~eole kg ongosokg ygciqnk qjxoc lkmay|sokg sk qidij|i djqni zyjgsosoi| kf eks nj|i|' J xqkxiddjgs o| jlkmaogjsokg kf jg kuoco|iq jgc j fyid'
kqbogn kf j xqkxiddjgs' eig j xqkxiddjgs o| ongosic$ os ayqg| sk xqkcylij djqni zyjgsos kf eks nj|i|' Sei|i nj|i| seig lkmi kys seqkyne sei gkppdikf sei qklbis mkskq' Sei xj||jni kf nj|i| seqkyne sei gkppdi kf sei qklbismkskq$ xqkvoci| sei gili||jq seqy|s fkq sei qklbis sk mkvi fkq~jqc jllkqcogn
sk sei Gi~skg‟| Seoqc dj~ kf Mksokg %sk iviq jlsokg$ seiqi o| jg izyjd jgckxxk|osi qijlsokg/'
\kmi kf sei iujmxdi| fkq xqkxiddigs| jqi Ecqjpogi$ Dozyoc ecqknig$Xkdyqisejgi$ isl'
11'6 XKD_MIQ\ 0
J xkdmiq o| j nojgs mkdilydi kasjogic a ogsiqmkdilydjq lkmaogjsokgkf j djqni gymaiq kf |mjdd mkdilydi| kf sei |jmi kq coffiqigs sxi'
11'6': Xkdjdbigi|
Xkdjdbigi| jqi sei xkdmiq| ~eole jqi ciqovic fqkm yg|jsyqjsic
ecqkljqakg| lkgsjogogn ckyadi akgc' Omxkqsjgs xkdmiq| kf seo| ldj|| jqi 0%j/ Xkdisedigi$ %xkdiseigi/' Os o| kasjogic fqkm isedigi %iseigi/'
Iseigi xkdmiqopi| ygciq eone xqi||yqi jgc eone simxiqjsyqi sk novixkdiseigi %jd|k ljddic xkdisedigi/' Seo| xkdmiqopjsokg o| ljsjd|ic a
sqjli| kf kunig kq kqnjgol xiqkuoci|'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 167/171
<?6
xiqkuoci$ eone simx'
gLE1
= LE1
“ %“ LE1
“ LE1
“/g
iseigi eone xqi||yqi xkdiseigi
%a/ Xkd|sqigi' Seo| xkdmiq o| kasjogic fqkm sei mkgkmiq |sqigi%L
6E
9“ LE = LE
1/' Sei milejgo|m kf xkdmiqopjsokg o| |omodjq sk sejs fkq
kseiq jdbigi xkdmiq|'
gL6E9 “ LE = LE1 “ %“ LE1 “ LE “/g “
|sqigi tL
6E
9xkd|sqigi
Xqkxiqsoi| jgc Y|i| 0 Xkd|sqigi o| nkkc sqjg|xjqigs xkdmiq' Os o|y|ic fkq eks-cqogb lyx|$ sk|$ eky|iekdc jqsoldi|$ isl'
%l/ \gseisol qyaaiq|' \gseisol qyaaiq| kasjogic fqkm aysjcoigi jqi 0
%o/ Aygj qyaaiq| %oo/ Aysd qyaaiq|
Aygj qyaaiq|
Aygj qyaaiq| jqi kasjogic j| j qi|yds kf xkdmiqo|jsokg + lkxkdmiqo|jsokg
kf aysjcoigi ~ose jlqdkgosqodi kq |sqigi' Seiqi jqi s~k sxi| kf Aygj-
qyaaiq|'
Aygj-\' Os o| kasjogic a sei xkdmiqopjsokg kf aysjcoigi jgc |sqigi
og xqi|igli kf |kcoym misjd'
GjgLE
1=LE“LE=LE
1" gLE = LE
1“ %“ LE
1“LE=LE “ LE
1“ LE “ LE
1“ /
g“
aysjcoigi t t
L6E
9L
6E
9
|sqigi aygj-\
Og sei gjmi Aygj-\$ Ay |sjgc| fkq aysjcoigi$ gj fkq |kcoym %jlsogn j|
xkdmiqopjsokg ogosojskq/$ jgc \- fkq |sqigi'
Aygj-\ o| jd|k ljddic Nigiqjd Xyqxk|i Qyaaiq \sqigi %NQ\/' Og jlsyjd
xqjlsoli$ os o| kasjogic j| j qi|yds kf lkxkdmiqo|jsokg kf seqii xjqs| kf aysjcoigi ~ose kgi xjqs kf |sqigi'
Xqkxiqsoi| jgc Y|i| 0 Gikxqigi jgc Aygj-\ jqi iusqimid qi|o|sjgs
sk~jqc| ~ijq jgc sijq jgc y|ic fkq sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf sqi|$ qyaaiq syai|
jgc kseiq milejgoljd qyaaiq nkkc|'
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 168/171
<?>
Aygj-G' Os o| kasjogic j| j qi|yds kf lkxkdmiqo|jsokg kf s~k xjqs| kf
aysjcoigi ~ose kgi xjqs kf jlqdkgosqodi og sei xqi|igli kf |kcoym misjd' Sei
qijlsokg o|$
Gj1LE
1= LE “ LE = LE
1" LE
1= LE “%“ %LE
1“ LE “ LE
1“ LE “ LE “ LE
1“ /
g“
t t t tLG LE LE LG
tt ttLE
1LE
1aysjcoigi
jlqdkgosqodi Aygj-G
Xqkxiqsoi| jgc Y|i| 0 Aygj-G qyaaiq o| ejqc jgc iusqimid qi|o|sjgs
sk sei |~iddogn jlsokg kf kod| %xisqkd/$ |kdvigs|$ eijs isl' Seiqifkqi$ os o| y|icfkq sei mjgyfjlsyqi kf |skqjni sjgb| fkq sei |kdvigs|'
11'6'1 LKGCIG\JSOKG XKD_MIQ\
\kmi omxkqsjgs lkgcig|jsokg xkdmiq| kf lkmmiqlojd+ogcy|sqojd ogsiqi|s
jqi ci|lqoaic aidk~'
%o/ Xkdi|siq|
Sei xkdmiq| ejvogn i|siq dogbjni jqi bgk~g j| xkdi|siq|' \kmi
omxkqsjgs xkdi|siq| jqi 0 Siqdigi %cjlqkg/ jgc ndxsjd'
%oo/ Xkdjmoci|
Sei xkdmiq| ejvogn jg jmoci dogbjni ais~iig seioq mkgkmiq| jqi
ljddic xkdjmoci|' Sxoljd xkdjmoci xkdmiq| jqi ci|lqoaic aidk~'
%j/ Gdkg-66' Os o| kasjogic a lkgcig|ogn jcoxol jloc ~ose
eiujmisedigicojmogi ~ose sei idomogjsokg kf ~jsiq mkdilydi' Sei lejog
dignse cixigc| yxkg sei simxiqjsyqi jgc somi fkq ~eole sei xqkli|| o| ljqqoic
kys'K K E E K K
tt tt t t tt tt
gE1G %LE
1/6
GE1
" gEK“L“%LE1/3“L“KE “ “G“%LE
1/6“G“L“%LE
1/3“L “
g“
eiujmisedigicojmogi jcoxol jloc gdkg-66
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 169/171
<?5
Sei xkdjmoci| jqi ocigsofoic a gymaiq|' Sei|i gymaiq| qifiq sk sei
gymaiq kf ljqakg jskm| og cojmogi jgc og sei coaj|ol jloc' J| og sei jakvi
lj|i$ sei ljqakg jskm| jqi 6 og ijle lj|i$ seiqifkqi$ sei xqkcyls o| ci|lqoaic
j| gdkg-66'
Xqkxiqsoi| jgc Y|i| 0 Gdkg-66 o| j dogijq xkdmiq$ jgc ej| viq eone
sig|odi |sqignse' Os |ek~| nkkc qi|o|sjgli sk jaqj|okg' Gdkg-66 o| y|yjdd
fjaqoljsic ogsk |eiis|$ aqo|sdi| fkq aqy|ei| jgc og siusodi' Lqogbdic gdkg foaqi|
jqi y|ic fkq mjbogn idj|sol ek|oiq'
11'6'< Fkqmjdcieci Qi|og|
Fkqmjdcieci qi|og| jqi sxoljd seiqmk|issogn xdj|sol|' Seo| ldj|| kf xdj|sol| ogldyci xeigkd-fkqmjdcieci$ yqij-fkqmjdcieci jgc midjmogi-
fkqmjdcieci qi|og|' Kg eijsogn$ sei|i qi|og| ailkmi eoned lqk||-dogbic
seiqia fkqmogn ogfy|oadi jgc og|kdyadi xqkcyls'
\IDF IVJDYJSOKG
%J/ Lekk|i sei lkqqils jg|~iq 0
:' Sei |ya|sjgli ljxjadi kf ja|kqaogn adyi dones fqkm sei vo|oadi qjcojsokg
~kydc jxxijq
%j/ iddk~ %a/ iddk~-nqiig %l/ qic %c/ adyi
1' Sei yg|jsyqjsic nqkyx%|/ xqi|igs og jg kqnjgol lkmxkygc o|+jqi ljddic%j/ leqkmknig| %a/ jyukleqkmi|
%l/ gk |xilofol gjmi %c/ leqkmkxekqi|
<' Of jg jyukleqkmi cki| gks jffils sei lkdkyq kf sei leqkmknig$ os |ekydc
ai xqi|igs og sei '''''''''''''''' xk|osokg qidjsovi sk leqkmkxekqi'
%j/ xjqj- %a/ misj- %l/ kqsek- %c/ |jmi-
3' Og sei lkmxkygc$ K1G“L
6E
3“G=G“L
6E
3“G%LE
</1$ sei leqkmkxekqi
o|
%j/ “GK1
%a/ “ G = G “ %l/ “ GK1
jgc “G = G “ %c/ “G %LE</1
9' Cojpkgoym |jds| novi lkyxdogn qijlsokg| ~ose
%j/ jdlkekd %a/ jqkmjsol jmogi| %l/ jdd jmogi| %c/ jmogi| jgc xeigkd|6' \ya|sjgli| ~eole aqogn sei akc simxiqjsyqi ck~g sk gkqmjd
simxiqjsyqi jqi bgk~g j|
%j/ jgsoxqisol| %a/ jgjdni|ol| %l/ jgsoaoksol| %c/ gkgi
>' Sei lkmxkygc ~eole jls| akse j| jgsoxqisol j| ~idd j| jgjdni|ol o|
%j/ xeigjlisog %a/ |ydxej cqyn| %l/ xjqjlisjmkd %c/ j|xoqog
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 170/171
<??
5' J :) |kdysokg kf xeigkd o| j
%j/ jgso|ixsol %a/ co|ogfilsjgs %l/ jgsomjdjqojd cqyn %c/ jgsoeo|sjmogi
?' Sei micologi y|ic fkq lyqogn qjaoi| o| ljddic
%j/ jgsoajlsiqojd %a/ jgsovoqjd %l/ jgsofygnjd %c/ jgsoaoksol|
:8' Sei |ya|sjgli sejs fyglsokg j| j mko|syqi ajqqoiq ais~iig sei |bog jgc
sei jsmk|xeiqi o| ljddic
%j/ xqi|iqvjsovi %a/ imyd|ofoiq %l/ jgsoljbogn jnigs %c/ mko|syqopiq
%A/ Jg|~iq og kgi kq s~k |igsigli| 0
:' Cifogi leimkseiqjx'
1' ^ejs jqi jgji|seisol| ; Novi kgi iujmxdi'
<' Og ~ejs ~j jgsoxqisol| jqi omxkqsjgs'
3' ^e Okckfkqm jgc xeigkdol |kdysokg| jqi ljddic jgso|ixsol ;
9' Novi s~k iujmxdi| kf jgsomjdjqojd|'
6' ^ejs jqi jgsoaoksol| ;
>' Og ~ejs ~j jgsjloc| jqi omxkqsjgs ;
5' ^ejs jqi jgsoxj|mkcol| ;
?' Novi jg s~k lejqjlsiqo|sol| kf Ci'
:8' ^ejs jqi leqkmkxekqi| ; Novi s~k iujmxdi|'
::' ^ejs jqi jqsofolojd |~iisigogn jnigs| ; Novi s~k iujmxdi|'
:1' ^ejs o| Aygj-\ ;
%L/ Jg|~iq gks iuliicogn |ous ~kqc| 0
:' ^qosi aqoifd kg jgsoaoksol| ; Og ~ejs ~j jgsoxj|mkcol| jqi eidxfyd ;
1' Iuxdjog aqoifd kg lejqjlsiqo|sol| kf qklbis xqkxiddjgs|'
\YMMJQ_ 0
Sei leimoljd| ~eole ljg lyqi |iviqjd co|ij|i| jqi ljddic cqyn|' Micologjdleimo|sq cijd| ~ose jlsokg kf vjqoky| leimoljd lkmxkygc| ~eole jqi y|icj| cqyn' Ijle cqyn o| ygozyi og lejqjlsiq' Jgji|seisol|$ jgjdni|ol|$jgsoxqisol|$ jgsomjdjqojd|$ jgsjloc|$ jgso|xj|mkcol| jqi viq omxkqsjgs' Seigjsyqi kf ci| jgc sei qidjsokg ais~iig lkdkyq jgc |sqylsyqi kf ci|'Leimoljd| y|ic og fkkc$ jqi jd|k cijds ~ose' Qklbis xqkxiddjgs| jqi co|ly||ic
aqoifd' J cisjodic jllkygs kg xkdmiq| dobi$ jccosokg$ lkgcig|jsokg xkdmiq|$co|ly||ic'
QIFIQIGLI\ 0
:' Aokleimo|sq a Digogniq'
1' Xejqmjliysoljd Leimo|sq a Nek|e'[[[[[[[[[[
7/23/2019 54483081 Carbonyl Compounds Xi Xii Study Materials
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/54483081-carbonyl-compounds-xi-xii-study-materials 171/171
NIGIQJD QIFIQIGLI\
SK KQNJGOL LEIMO\SQ_
:' Kqnjgol Leimo|sq - Nqjejm \kdkmkg|$ Lqjon Fqedi & Qkaiqs @keg|kg$
@keg odi & \kg| - >se icosokg'
1' \kdysokg| Mjgyid - Nqjejm \kdkmkg|$ Lqjon Fqedi & Qkaiqs @keg|kg$
@keg odi & \kg| - >se icosokg'
<' \lejym‟| \kdvic Xqkadim| \iqoi| og Kqnjgol Leimo|sq -Sjsj MlNqj~-Eodd Icosokg - 188<'
3' Xqkadim| og Kqnjgol Leimo|sq - Mq|' Qk|igai$ Qj`j & Xyadoljsokg'
9' Bigksi| og Kqnjgol Leimo|sq - Jgcqi~' F' Xijq|kg' Adjlb idd
Xyado|eiq|'
6 \ e o f L a L c do d N