5.3 French & Indian War

OBJECTIVE:

•Learn about the causes and effects of the French and Indian War

•Understand how the war was a cause of the American Revolution

Map: European Claims in North America

European Claims in North AmericaThe dramatic results of the British victory in the Seven Years (French and Indian) War are vividly demonstrated in these maps, which depict the abandonment of French claims to the mainland after the Treaty of Paris in 1763.

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

Competition for Fur Trade

Daniel Boone Escorting Settlers Through the Cumberland Gap by George Caleb BinghamBingham's is the best known of the many prints and paintings depicting this singular moment in colonial westward expansion. (Washington University Art Gallery)

Daniel Boone Escorting Settlers Through the Cumberland Gap by George Caleb Bingham

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

What is the connection between the Wilderness Road and Shay’s Rebellion?

Wilderness Road

http://www2.uiuc.edu/unit/armyrotc/program/mils123/necessity/fort.bmp

Fort Necessity, May 1754 (reconstruction)

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Fort Duquesne (Pittsburgh)

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http://reenacting.net/images/graphics/braddock2.jpg

http://www.britishbattles.com/images/braddock/george-washington-l.jpgBRADDOCK ROAD

Braddock’s Defeat

• 1755 Gen. Braddock, 2,000 men march on Fort Duquesne

• Mix of colonial militia and Regulars

• Braddock’s slow moving forces decimated by French and Indian forces, flanking

• Frontier goes up in flames, Indian raiding parties move uncontested

• Britian’s invasion of Canada, 1756, fails

http://www.britishbattles.com/images/braddock/braddock-no-1-map.jpg

William Pitt takes Charge

• 1757, Pitt becomes leader in Parliament• 1758, Pitt organizes attacks on French forts• 1758 Fort Duquesne falls, renamed Pittsburgh• Pitt puts his best general, James Wolfe,

in charge of taking Quebec• 1759 Quebec falls; Generals Wolfe and Montcalm

killed• Battle for Quebec is one of most significant

engagements in British and American history• Montreal falls 1760

Fall of Quebec, 1759Battle on the Plains of Abraham

http://www.uppercanadahistory.ca/wm/wm8.html

http://www.britishbattles.com/battle-of-quebec.htm

Painting by Benjamin West called The Death of General Wolfe, 1770. The scene depicts the death of Gen. James Wolfe at the battle of the Plains of Abraham in 1759. Read more: http://www.nationalpost.com/life/travel/Researchers+close+unearthing+Plains+Abraham+mass+graves/3259314/story.html#ixzz111qufuJF

Peace?Line of Demarcation 1763

• France thrown off continent entirely• Spain given possession of New Orleans and

trans-Mississippi Louisiana• Great Britain dominant in North America and at

sea• Friction growing b/w Britain and Colonials• Pontiac’s Uprising – Increasing tension with N.

Americans• Cost of War leads to increasing friction with

Britain

Pontiac’s Uprising

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Map: European Settlements and Indians, 1754

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European Settlements

and Indian tribes

1750

Colonies and Britain Grow Apart

• Line of Demarcation inhibits movement west!!!

This angers Colonials greatly.

• 10,000 British troops stationed in colony

• Quartering of troops angers colonists

• Cost of troops in Colonies heavy burden for Great Britain

• Seeds of Rebellion

Wash. defeated

FL now British

Braddock defeated

Ft. Duquesne fallsQuebec falls

CONFLICT IN THEOHIO

VALLEY

PEACE?1763France leaves Am.

Montreal falls

Pitt takes charge