AO-A166 517 SYNTHETIC SEISMOGRAMS GRAPHIC SOFTWARE AND COMPUTER In/ NFACILITIES(U) LAMONT-DOHERTY GEOLOGICAL OBSERVATORYPALISADES NY D N SIMPSON MAY 85 AFGL-TR-85-9186

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SYNTHETIC SEISHOGRAMS, GRAPHIC SOFTWARE ANDCOMPUTER FACILITIES

David W. Simpson

Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatoryof Columbia University

'1 ." Palisades, Now York 10964

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Final Report BSeptember 1984 May 1985

-LJ APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE: DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

AIR FORCE SINMYSICS LABORATORY

AIR FORCE SYSTEM COSINDUNITED lATES AIR FMC

.HANSCOM AIR FORCE BASE, MASSACHUSETTS 01731

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COWMACOR REPORTS

This technical report has been reviewed and is approved for publication.

.ntract, Manager Chief, Solid Earth Geophysics Branch

FOR THE C(ONANDER'.

°'"°d°" I,DONALD H. 1CVRDirector

7. Earth Sciences Division

This report has been reviewed by the ESD Public Affairs Office (PA) and isreleasable to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS).

Qualified requesters may obtain additional copies from the Defense TechnicalInformsttoo Caret. All others shou. . apply to the National TechnicalInformastiol krviee.

If your addwet O.ui changed, ot If you ish to be removed from the mailinglist, or If the 0dresse is no longer employed by your organization, pleasenotify AFGLI/, lefscom Ar, NA 01731. This will assist us in maintaining* current wIling list.

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a. ,aSO.A, -uT-OB FacilitiesDavid W. Simnann

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,* suo. an SUN workstation, seismic data processing

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7 A SUN-l/ OOU graphic vorkstation'esspp ted-by-DA A-,, t -.. installed inthe Seismology Computing Labfiaentrat Lamont-Doherty, .anhas become thecenterpiece of a digital vaveform processing and analysis facility. A localarea network (LAN) comprising Ethernet/TCP-IP protocols connects the SUN-1with the Observatory's pre-existing VAX 11/780 and PDP 11/70 installations.The operating systems on the VAX (VMS) and the PDP (Unix bsd 2.9) were updatedand modified to provide support for the full set of Ethernet utilities. TheEthernet LAN is undergoing start-up testing and soon will be fully operational.

While the SUN-i offers only rudimentary computational poyer, its s_ e-of-the-art graphic capabilities have enabled us to develop a quick-look digital

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/ __ dat-handling facility.. Once the network is ful y oe*toal h e o r e

of the Observatory's other computer laboratories will become available to theSUN-i. The VAX will be used as the network fileserver, peripheral handler,and computational node, while the SUN will be used for the graphic analysisof waveforms and digital images. Preliminary experiments with the networksuggest that powerful graphic workstations integrated vertically with file-servers, computational nodes, and supercomputer communication capabilityprovide a flexible, powerful, and productive computational environment forresearch in seismology and tectonophysics. C'-I' IOc G

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CONTRACTOR REPORTS

This technical report has been reviewed and is approved for publication.

0001OIcz HENRU Y 0 OSSNGG*ontract Manager Chief, Solid Earth Geop~hysics Branch

FOR THE COKlANDER

DONALD H. ECKHARDTDirectorEarth Sciences Division

This report has been reviewed by the ESD Public Affairs Office (PA) and isreleasable to the National Technical Information Service (NTIS).

Qualified requesters may obtain additional copies from the Defense TechnicalInformation Center. All others should apply to the National TechnicalInformation Service.

If your address has changed, or if you wish to be removed from the mailinglist, or if the addressee is no longer employed by your organization, pleasenotify AFGL/DAA, Hanscom AFB, MA 01731. This will assist us in maintaininga current mailing list.

" ~

3

INTRODUCTION

The primary purpose of this contract was to integrate a DARPA-

supplied Sun workstation with the existing computer facilities avail-able to the Seismology group at Lamont-Doherty. This has been the

first step in greatly expanding Lamont-Doherty's capabilities for thecollection, storage, retrieval, display and analysis of digital

seismic waveform data. The work covered in this contract primarilyinvolved hardware installation and modifications/additions to oper-ating systems to allow direct communication between computers.

Some software development has been done, but this activity is

primarily taking place under a new DARPA contract. The main softwareoriented goals are the development of interactive graphic software for

the display and preliminary analysis of digital seismic waveform data

and the development of interactive modeling capabilities for more

sophisticated waveform analysis.

The funds under the contract provided for the personnel time for

the installation of the Sun system and purchase of limited hardware

for an Ethernet interface between the Sun and existing computer

systems.

NEIORKING

A block diagram showing the existing and proposed developments inthe computing network at Lamont-Doherty is shown in Figure 1. Indi-

cated on this figure are those components that have resulted directly

from this contract and those that have been provided by the Obser-

vatory, primarily as a result of stimulation from this work.

The workstation as provided by DARPA consisted of a SUN-1/I0OUwith an 80 Mbyte disk and a 1600 bpi tape drive. The system had a

number of limitations which initially made it difficult to realize its

full potential as a seismic analysis workstation. The most critical

limitations were the lack of a local printer/plotter, limited disk

storage, relatively slow CPU (no arithmetic processor) and differences

in graphics primitives and screen size from current Sun models.

The initial step to overcome these limitations was to link the

Sun to the PDP 11/70 via uucp at 9600 baud. This provided the Sun

with access to the PDP's two Versatec printer/plotters, its disk stor-

age, and its connections with the outside world. The uucp link hasbeen most used for printing and plotting as there is no local printer

on the Sun. Uucp's remote execution capabilities have allowed the useof a simple command on the Sun (vpr filename) to combine the file

transfer and printing operations. The same is true of Sun graphic

screen dumps. The raster files on the Sun are transferred to the PDP

for plotting on the Versatecs. With uucp providing the transfer and

remote execution, a program to actually write the raster file to the

plotter was written locally.

While our original intention was to establish an Ethernet linkbetween the Sun and our Seismology PDP 11/70, we have been able to use

i1

4

this development as leverage to convince the Observatory to providethe funds to begin the installation of a campus-wide Ethernet link,starting with a link between the Observatory's main VAX 11/780 and theSeismology computer facility. The Observatory's VAX operates underthe DEC VMS operating system. To facilitate communication with theUNIX-based 11/70 and Sun computers in Seismology, a UNIX emulator,EUNICE, has been installed (with Observatory funds) on the VAX, pro-viding full uucp and Ethernet protocols. A local area Ethernet, amajor segment of it using fiber optic cable and again funded primarilywith Observatory funds, will connect the Sun, the PDP 11/70 and theVAX 11/780. The VAX archives Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory's(LDGO's) geophysical data bases and supports extensive peripheralssuch as image processing hardware, laser printing, and large penplotters. All these resources will become available to the Sun overthe network. The wiring for the connection between the Sun and thePDP has been installed and the software on the PDP is now in theprocess of being upgraded to allow networking. (We acknowledge sub-stantial assistance from Keith Bostic at CSS and Scott Bradner atHarvard.) The VAX-11/70 link is now operating through uucp at 9600baud. The VAX will join the full Ethernet network as soon as fiberoptic repeaters arrive.

The network will make the CPU power of the VAX easily availableto the Seismology computing facility, alleviating the CPU limitationsof the Sun-l. The disk storage available to the Sun is also beingimproved by the purchase, again with Observatory funds, of one 400Mbyte disk drive. The next step in expanding the network is an addi-tional Sun color workstation and a proposal has been submitted to NSFfor this purpose.

SOITWARE DEVELOPMENT

We are developing an interactive seismic analysis system which canbe implemented on a local area network of high-powered graphic workstations. The SUN-1/1OOU on loan from DARPA has been the cornerstoneof this emerging system, as well as a test-bed for software develop-ment. In the course of this effort, we have identified four cate-gories of software development tasks:

1. Interactive catalog searches and retrieval of GDSN waveformdata: As a designated regional data center, LDGO is a repository forISC and PDE catalog data, ISC parameter data, and GDSN network-eventdata. We have developed search algorithms for these data bases, buthave been unable to keep most of the catalog information on-linebecause of disk space limitations. In addition, we have developedinteractive routines for the playback of GDSN network-event tapes(Figure 2). We are developing management software to integrate theISC and PDE catalog data with a catalog of the events contained in theGDSN data base, so that search procedures can be integrated with thewaveform data playback.

2. Interactive waveform parameter extraction, and interactiveparameter and waveform modelling for studies of source and structure:We have installed interactive parameter extraction software (spex),

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provided by Science Horizons (Wang et al., 1983). In addition, wehave rewritten an interactive velocity modelling code (originallywritten by P. Shearer of Scripps Institution of Oceanography) to con-form to the SIGGRAPH Core standard, and have installed it on the SUN(Figure 3). This combination of codes gives us the capability, forexample, to forward-model travel-time parameters extracted from wave-form data bases quickly and nearly automatically. We will expand thecapabilities of the velocity-modelling code to include preliminarytravel-time inversion and waveform modelling capabilities. Thegraphics capabilities of the SUN are instrumental to the developmentof an efficient user interface to these codes.

3. Synthetic seismogram codes and software development systems:While the SUN-I does not possess a processor with sufficient power tocalculate synthetic seismograms for realistic earth models, itsmulti-window environment and UNIX operating system provide for excep-tionally rapid development and debugging. Once debugged, complexcodes are uploaded to a faster processor for computation. Results aredownloaded to the SUN for graphic analysis (Figure 4). We are imple-menting an organizational framework for software development that willpermit us to keep track of the multitude of codes and revisions pro-duced in a research environment.

4. Interactive graphic routines for plotting 2-D and 3-D geo-physical data sets: We have written and installed on the SUN a set ofcommand-format plotting codes for 2-D and 3-D gridded geophysicaldata. These currently are being debugged. We have also developed thecapability, using SUN graphics primitives, to produce publication-quality line and gray-shade plots of 3-11 geophysical data (Figure 4).We are evaluating the possibilities of translating these codes intothe CORE graphics standard.

Some of these development activities might seem to reproduce thefunctions of CSS, but we are confident that the software developed atL-DGO will be of interest to CSS. While we recognize the importanceof CSS as a national data center, we believe that the development oflocal data base management capabilities and analytical software willcomplement, rather than compete with, facilities offered by CSS. Notonly will our local capabilities enhance the productivity of ourinvestigators doing research of interest to the DARPA program fortreaty verification, but we envisage that the development of localcapability integrated vertically with CSS communication capabilitywill expand the usage of CSS facilities by our scientists.

ADDITIOAL ACTIVITIES RELATED TO THIS CONTRACT

Digital topographic data for Soviet Central Asia were requestedunder this contract for use in comparing topography and seismicity.These data were supplied during May-July 1985. Two hundred cells ofl1xl" each with 1200 points/degree (appox. 100 m spacing; total of3xlO 8 points) are included in the 10"x20* area covering the Tien Shan,Pamir, Hindu Kush and Tadjik Depression. These data are now beingentered into a format suitable for comparison with the availableseismicity data and for analysis with our image processing facility.

3

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The Palisades seismograph station (PAL) at Lamont-Doherty hasrecently been upgraded to digital recording. The data are collectedon a dedicated multibus microprocessor and written continuously to 9track tape. The tape is first processed on the Sun and then, asnecessary, events are transferred to the PDP or VAX for further pro-cessing. A program has been written to decode the 9-track tape, whichis in LDGO's own format, into CSS 'wfdisk' format and selectivelyretrieve the events. A second program selectively extracts events tobe saved on an archive tape.

RKFKIES

Wang, J., R. M. Rother, V. L. Hutchison, J. H. Alexander, and J. B.Minster, Seismic parameter extraction package, S-Cubed Report#SSS-R-84-6423, 1983.

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CHARGES TO 5-22107 (NETWORK REIATED)

1 Fiber optic cable for Ethernet repeater $1750.002 Interlan Ethernet transceivers 580.002 DEC Ethernet transceivers 600.004 Transceiver cables 304.004 Ethernet terminators 75.00

Tools 253.58

TOTAL $3562.58

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