5.1 (a) (b) (c) sea anemonejelly fishhydra a b cd efg50 mv 20 ms
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
5.1
(a)
(b)
(c)
Sea anemone Jelly fish Hydra
A B C D
E F G 50 mV
20 ms
![Page 2: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
5.2
Helminthoida
Helminthopsis
Gyrolithes
Cochlichnus
Gordia
Regular meandering without crossing
Planolites
Irregular meandering without crossing
Spiraling
Meandering sinusoidally
Irregularly meandering and crossing
Simple straight
Second-order meanders
First-order meanders
Irregular
Straight
Ear
ly
Cam
bria
n
Pre
cam
bria
n
![Page 3: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
5.3
Water pik
Siphon nerve
Abdominal ganglion
Genital nerve
Pericardial nerve
Branchial nerve
Gill
Siphon
Stimulating and recording electrodes
![Page 4: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
5.4
SiphonMantle shelf
Gill
Int. II
L22
L23
L16
Polysynaptic
Monosynaptic
SN1 SN2 SN3 SN4 SN5 SN6 SN7 SN8
L7 LDG1 LDG2 L9G1 L9G2 RDG
![Page 5: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
5.5
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
![Page 6: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
5.6
Antenna tap
Do-si-do
Retreat
Strike/Rip
Meral spread
No agonistic behavior
Wresling
![Page 7: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
5.7
Reflex Chain
Motorneurons
Stretchreceptors
contracted relaxed
Antagonist muscles
Central Pattern Generator
CNS
CPG
contracted relaxed
Antagonist muscles
CNS
![Page 8: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
5.8
M CPGs
CPGs
CPGs
M
M
Buccal ganglion Cerebral ganglion
Buccal mass
Lip muscles
![Page 9: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
5.9
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 3 6 9 12 15
Res
pons
e S
tren
gth
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1 2 3 4 5
Strong
Weak
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1 2 3 4 5
Res
pons
e S
tren
gth
ISI = 60 s
ISI = 10 s
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Res
pons
e S
tren
gth
600 Hz
200 Hz
400 Hz
600 Hz
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
(1)(2)
(3)
(2)
(4) (5)
(6)
(7)(8)
(9)
DS DS
Habituation Trials
Resting period
Resting period
Resting period
![Page 10: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
5.10
0
20
40
60
80
0 5 10 15 20
Trials
Me
an
Re
spo
nse
Sco
reWith DS
Without DS
DS
![Page 11: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
5.11
Stimulus generator
Time-date generator
Video cassette recorder
Petri plate holder
Micromanipulator stand
Microscope
C. elegans
Video monitor
Antagonistic reflex systems mediate forward and backward locomotion in response to a tap stimulus.
Head Tail
Before habituation:ALM and AVMPLM
AVM and ALMBackward motion
PLMForward motion
(a)
(b)
![Page 12: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
5.12
Siphon Head
SNSN
IN
IN
L7
Gill
![Page 13: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
5.13
Interneuron
Serotoninand other
neurotransmitters
Axo-axonic synapse
L7
Sensory neuron from siphon
Membrane proteins
Adenylate cyclase
cAMP
PKC
PKA
Closes K+ channels
Opens Ca++ channels
Mobilization of vescicles
Spike broadening
Short-term sensitization
Dishabituation
![Page 14: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
5.14
One-day retention
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 2 4 6 8 10
Trials
Me
dia
n D
ura
tion
of
Sip
ho
n W
ithd
raw
al (
s).
One-week retention
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 2 4 6 8 10
Trials
Sensitization
Control
Three-week retention
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
0 2 4 6 8 10
Trials
![Page 15: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
5.15
Dolabrifera
Bursatella
Dolabella
Aplysia
Akera
BullaIncreased
excitability
Spike broadening
Loss of both:Increased excitability
Spike broadening
![Page 16: 5.1 (a) (b) (c) Sea anemoneJelly fishHydra A B CD EFG50 mV 20 ms](https://reader036.vdocuments.mx/reader036/viewer/2022070308/551be6fd550346af588b618f/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
5.16
Bodysurface
Bodysurface
Bodysurface
Effector
Effector
Effector
Lower invertebrates
Higher invertebrates
Vertebrates
Plastic Excitatory