PATENT ABSTRACTS 309

zymatic activity within intact cells. The fluorogenic substrates are lysosomotropic derivatives of 2,3-dicyano-hydroquinone (DCH). These derivatives may be employed for detecting lysosomal enzymatic activity within in- tact cells using fluorescent microscopy and cyto- metry.

5089403

PROCESS FOR ENZYMATIC HYDROLYSIS OF FATTY ACID

TRIGLYCERIDES WITH OAT CARYOPSES

Earl G Hammond, Inmok Lee assigned to Iowa State University Research Foundation Inc

Triglyceride oils are enzymatically hydrolyzed to fatty acids and glycerol by liquid phase con- tact with moistened dehulled oat seeds (oat caryopses). As produced, the fatty acids dissolve in the oil phase and the glycerol is absorbed into the caryopses which facilitates separation of the products of reaction. In a single contacting cycle, 20% or greater conversion of the triglyceride reactant can bc obtained, and by cyclic or sequential contacting 50% or more of the oil reactant can be hydrolyzed.

5089414

ENZYMATIC SOAKING METHOD

Juergen Christner, Ernst Pfleiderer, Tilman Taeger, Seeheim Jugenheim, Federal Republic Of Germany assigned to Rohm GmbH

The soaking of hides and skins is enzymatically assisted in a method using an aqueous float having a pH from 9 to 1 I which contains A) a lipase having an activity optimum in the pH re- gion from 9 to 11, B) a protease with activity in the pH region from 9 to 11, and C) a surface ac- tive agent.

5091299

AN ENZYME ELECTRODE FOR USE IN ORGANIC SOLVENTS

Anthony P F Turner, David Best, Geoffrey F Hall, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 OBD, United Kingdom

A method of determining an analyte in an or- ganic or microaqueous solution involves the use of an enzyme electrode at which an enzyme is retained. The enzyme may be immobilised cova- lently at the electrode but is preferably retained at a hydrophilic support (4) which may be con- nected to an electrical conductor. Electrochemical detection of analytes in organic or microaqueous solvents using an enzyme elec- trode has several advantages over existing methods which employ aqueous solutions of analyte. For example compounds with low water solubilities may be detected, detection of a par- ticular analyte may be made more selective by appropriate choice of solvent, the thermal stability of the enzyme may be enhanced and the enzymes may be readily retained at the electrode by virtue of their insolubility in the organic or microaqueous solvent.

5093021

ENCAPSULATED ENZYME IN DRY BLEACH COMPOSITION

Thomas Coyne, J Bruce England, Blanca Haen- dler, Frances E Mitchell, Dale S Steichen, Car- role L Johnson assigned to The Clorox Company

Methods and compositions for increased stability of enzymes in oxidant dry bleach. En- zyme stability is adversely affected by increased temperature, humidity, and the presence of strong oxidants, such as peracids. The instant in- vention provides enzyme stability in the presence of oxidant bleaches by coating or encapsulating the enzyme, while providing enzyme solubility suitable for use in bleach mixtures upon in- troduction to an aqueous medium. Particularly, alkali and neutral materials act as protection a- gents, which neutralize oxidant species before the contact and denature the enzyme. Other standard bleaching composition adjuncts such as builders, fillers, buffers, brighteners, fragrances, and the like may be included in the enzyme-containing oxidant bleach composition in addition to the discrete coated enzyme granules.

5094668

ENZYMATIC COAL DESULFURIZATION

Ernest E Kern, William M Menger, David A Odelson, Anthony S Sinskey, Donald Wise,