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“The weak and the defenselessin this world invite aggression fromothers. The best way we can servepeace is by removing the temptationfrom the path of those who think we areweak and, for that reason, they canbully or attack us. That temptation canonly be removed if we make ourselvesso strong that nobody dare entertainany aggressive designs against us.”

(Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad AliJinnah, 1948)

Keeping above statement ofthe founding father in view, Pakistankept on building its defenses fordecades.After 1971, these preparationsgot a renewed momentum. Newdefense industry was established toacquire self-reliance in defense but allthese preparations proved inadequatein recent war against terrorism.

The more security forcesadvance into militant strongholds inFATA, the more Pakistani urbancenters become targets of terrorism.Recent violence in Karachi, Lahore,Peshawar and Quetta is the biggestexample. Though overall securitysituation is improving, there is nological end in sight of this complex waragainst terror in Pakistan.

Initially, it was believed that itwas only an insurgency stemmed as arenegade against state policy of allyingwith US in GWOT (Global War onTerror), but with the passage of time itbecame clear that it is not just armedinsurgencies that are undermining

Pakistan's national security but thatthere is direct foreign meddling - abigger bone of contention, in almost allstate affairs ranging from media toeducation, economics to foreignpolicy.

From a larger perspective, thebiggest challenges and threatsconfronting Pakistan are from within,by different terrorist outfits andinsurgencies for different reasons. Butat minute level, all these challenges areinterconnected and through recentrevelations during military operationsin FATA and Swat it has becomeevident that almost all the majorsecurity challenges, that the state isfacing today on various fronts, arestrongly bonded with each othertightly. There is to be found aconnection in elements of everychallenge involved and this is thefundamental feature of somethingknown as “Fourth GenerationWarfare” or 4GW.

L i k e s a i d a b o v e ,heterogeneous and distributed natureof current complex geo-strategicsecurity challenges Pakistan is facing,is a proposition of 4 generationwarfare; waged by various hostileactors and “allies” in pursuit of theirown greater gains in the region. Beforediscussing these greater gains ofvarious regional and internationalplayers, it would be prudent to inspect

what 4 generation is all about?In simplist ic terms, 4

generation warfare is a moral andphysiological conflict among manycountries or communities usingdistributed, non-state and violentelements from within the enemy state.Creating mistrust among enemycommunit ies and propagatinguncertainty among enemy nations, areamongst the many goals of any 4generation endeavor. By gaininghigher moral ground, any state can getall the political help and sympathy inan actual conflict. 4 generationwarfare is very different from an actualarmed conflict, as its entirely based onasymmetrical warfare and tactics,while the major front is physiological,and not physical as in a real conflict.Broadly analyzed, it can be said thatnational cohesion becomes a primarytarget of such warfare model.Importance of destroying nationalunity and creating mistrust becomes allthe more relevant when enemy is anideological state like Pakistan.

At the tactical level, varioustactics and elements are employed toget these goals- like rear areaoperations, means supporting armedinsurgencies and terrorism on the onehand and centrifugal forces in enemy'spolitical system, media and civilsociety on the other. The latter group ofelements highlights (Subjectivelyanalyses) the actions of former(terrorists) in order to launch

Intro to 4GW(4th Generationwarfare)

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By: Farzana Shah

Building Responses to 4GW(4th Generation warfare)

Building Responses to 4GW(4th Generation warfare)

Cover Story..

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Psychological operations againstenemy nation to demoralize the enemysociety.

Economic manipulation,whenever possible, can serve as anextra tool in this kind of warfare.Recently, Globalization has been usedas a tool to manipulate the market shareby more industrialized nations, whichcan potentially undermine economicinterests of developing nations. Fragileeconomic conditions in enemy statehave always been proved conducive in4 generation warfare, as it makes itmuch easier to manipulate allegianceof masses with national fervor.

Pakistan is facing covertsecurity challenges from multiplehostile entities that includes states,groups, powerful lobbies, mediaoutlets etc. Traditionally Pakistan'sovert and covert defense has remainedIndia centric. As geographically Indiais located in East of Pakistan so mainlyfocus also remained in Punjab andSindh, the two provinces borderingIndia. Due to this fact it proved easier

for many criminal groups to stay out ofradar for a long period of time whileoperating in Pakistan's NorthernProvince. India got opportunity to puther feet in Afghanistan and launch rarearea operations against Pakistan fromthere. India after entering intoAfghanistan started work on recruitingand training ad-hoc warriors sendingthem into Pakistan to fight an Indianproxy war against Pakistani state andmilitary.

In order to trace 4GW tacticsand elements in Pakistan and theirforeign supporters, studying ongoingcounter insurgency operations, violentnon-state actors (VNSAs) involved inthese insurgencies, foreign supportthese elements are getting and politicaldevelopments in the country are veryimportant.

Main actors of 4GW againstPakistan are paid insurgent groups innorthwestern parts and in Baluchistan.These paid insurgents have beenjoined by the local extremists andseparatist elements from those areas.Recent revelations have proved it

beyond doubt that these terroristgroups are receiving financial andtactical help from Indian consulates onAfghan soil despite the presence of US(to whom Pakistan is a major nonNATO ally since last 9 years) inAfghanistan. This is where USinvolvement in ongoing 4 generationoffensive becomes disturbing andmalicious.

Till very recently, it wasbelieved that US was just turning ablind eye to Indian activities inAfghanistan against Pakistan. But nowit has become clear that US covertoffensive against Pakistan is muchmore heinous than was envisagedearlier. Elements in US military,intelligence setup and White Househave bought the idea that actual causefor Afghan resistance is Pakistan, thusthe shift of US foreign policy focus toPakistan. A whole new doctrine forPakistan was devised under the nameof AfPak, declaring Pakistan abattlefield along withAfghanistan.

This absurd theory wasoriginally sold to US administrationduring Bush era by Indian lobby in

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Tracing 4GW in Pakistan

Players

TTP is prime 4 generation warfare force engaging Pakistani state and military inside Pakistani border.th

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Washington, who proposed alongsidepossible solutions to the 'Pakistanproblem.' US was quick to form analliance with India, in hope for relieffrom the mess that they had created inAfghanistan, and Indian presence inAfghanistan increased resultantly. TheIndians, however, had agendas toserve, independent from those of US.Pakistan did protest to US on allowingIndia a freehand, but perhaps theIndian lobby in Washington was toostrong to undo US reliance on India onAfPak.

Both India and US have theirown targets in the region, and both areusing their tactics accordingly on allaxis. If Indian sponsored insurgents areactive in FATA, US sponsoredelements are sitting right in the higherechelons of government. For US, it isfar easier to maneuver Pakistan'spolitical landscape.

Pakistan is confronting twopronged 4 generation attacks bothfrom India and US. Both countrieshave issues with Pakistan's foreignpolicy. For India, Pakistan's strongstance on Kashmir needs to beredirected. For US, Pakistan mustoblige to US foreign policy strategicobjective, where India has a greaterrole in the region to counterweightChina.

Overlapping and commonalityin foreign policy interests, with regardto Pakistan, of both countries isunprecedented. This is the majordriving force behind combined effortsto “fix” Pakistan. The only differencebetween both countries' approaches istactics being employed againstPakistan. Indian tactics revolvesaround declaring Pakistan a nonfunctional and terrorist state throughsupporting TTP from Afghanistan, andmore recently, by hurting theagriculture in Pakistan, through waterblockade of Pakistani rivers.

Fourth generation warfarerevolves around the idea of creating acomplete political paralysis in enemystate or in the area of operation.Atrocities committed by the TTP inFATA and Swat are a clear proof of this

fact. First target of TTP in both areaswas political figures of the area andthis awful practice created anenvironment of fear and hopelessnessamong local masses. Absence ofpolitical leadership created anatmosphere of lawlessness and chaos,giving TTP free hand to recruit, trainand arm locals against state byimposing its own ideology andpolitical views on people. Recentdisclosure has made it clear that TTP isbiggest ad-hoc warrior group inPakistan serving its foreign sponsorsas well as carrying out its local agendaand self-styled Islamic ideology.

US covert activities inPakistan have surfaced in mediarecently, clearly indicating thatPakistan and US are bound togetherthrough compulsion of circumstances.In reality, certain US nationals inPakistan don't even bother to followregulations implemented under theCountry's laws. Not only this, same USnationals have threatened Pakistanicitizens more than once. Though verydisturbing for Pakistani masses butthese events look smaller if one looks

at what powerful lobbies in USadministration are trying to do inPakistan on other axis of this war.

Pakistan is facing attacks of 4generation warfare ad-hoc warriors,supported directly by Indian RAW andindirectly by US/NATO forces inAfghanistan and local Pakistanielements. These ad-hoc warriors arejust one dimension of this complexarmed duel between state and thesenon-state actors. Other dimensionsinclude propaganda waged againstPakistan and its nuclear program inparticular, economic manipulation byUS in war on terror to pressurizePakistan and by India through its waterpolicy in Kashmir.

E s t a b l i s h i n g s t r a t e g i chegemony in South Asia is primevalIndian dream. Pakistan is not only amajor military rival of India but also aserious obstacle in the realization ofthis dream. To remove this obstacle,Indian establishment is working since

Tactics

AXIS OFWAR

Geostrategic / MilitaryAxis

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Indian ammunition recovered by Pak army in Swat further proving Indian 4GW.

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the independence of 1947. India got amajor breakthrough in her policy in1971, with the secession of EastPakistan. India played a central role int h i s s e c e s s i o n . F u r t h e rdismemberment of remaining Pakistaninto smaller states on ethnic lines, issomething India is trying to do sincedecades.

After 9/11, India found inUSA a natural ally in pursuing thissinister agenda against Pakistan. WithUS complicity, India launched highintensity proxy war against Pakistanistate in northwestern areas and FATAfrom Afghanistan. Indian consulates inall major towns along Pakistani borderin Afghanistan are funding andsupporting this insurgency since 2005.India wants to accomplish multiples t r at eg i c go a ls th rou gh th i sinsurgency;

1.To bring Pakistan to itsknees by declaring it a failed state.

2.Building a case againstPakistan being a failed state withnuclear arms which can fall into“wrong” hands.

3.Once declared a failed state,Pakistan will be denuclearized byinternational community undervarious global agreements.

To get Pakistan denuclearizedis first step of bigger strategic Indianplan. Next phase is to invade Pakistanphysically, which is not possible undera nuclear hangover right now.Denuclearization of Pakistan is acommon agenda between Americanand Indian foreign policies forPakistan. This is the reason why stronglobbies in US state and defensedepartments bought Indian plan onPakistan to denuclearize Pakistan,after declaring it a state unable toprotect its nuclear arsenal.

Recent military operations byPakistan army in FATA and Swat havethwarted first phase of this Indiangame plan for now. But due to lack ofgovernance and administrativemeasures in insurgency hit areas, thethreat of resurrection of thisinsurgency is far from over.

After sensing losing massiveinvestment on its 4GW warriors inPakistan, India launched massive

diplomatic offensive to declarePakistan army and intelligenceagencies as terrorist organizations inUNO after 26/11incident. Interestinglylegal proceedings and investigations ofthis incident are still underway, so thehasty call by Indians reflects nothingbut their frustration.

Under the pretext of 26/11,Indian top military brass has made itsintentions clear about peace andsecurity in the region. Indian officialstime and again have made it knownthat India is ready to launch a full scaleintense but small war on Pakistan, ifanother Mumbai s ty le at tackhappened. This stance by Indianleadership is itself a threateningdevelopment for regional peace.Indian announcements of execution ofCold Start strategy is a grave concernfor Pakistan's security.

Giving statements like these isone aspect of Indian strategy, while onthe other hand Indians are smartlyplaying as messenger of peace in theworld while putting blame on Pakistanfor every terrorist activity in India.

Pakistan army has recoveredIndian weapons and ammunition butIslamabad failed to build a case againsti ts arch r ival for support inginsurgencies and terrorism in Pakistan.

Indian foreign policy anddiplomacy is another indicator thatIndia is now aggressively working onisolating Pakistan in internationalcommunity, on the pretext of her beingunable to apprehend the terroristsinvolved in Mumbai attacks. So farIndian efforts have been prettysuccessful, made possible by thedefeatists in Pakistan, who occupydefining positions in the making ofCountry's foreign policy.

First, the Indians brought thematter to UN without completinginvestigations and its own legalproceedings about Mumbai attacks.Now in the second phase, Indianforeign office is approaching capitalsin the region where Pakistani lobby hastraditionally been considered stronger.Recent visit of Indian premier to SaudiArabia is one such example where the

subject of terrorism from Pakistani soilwas taken up by India. The reaction ofconcerned departments of SaudiArabia must be a quick reminder toPakistani foreign office that Indiansare making all the efforts to isolatePakistan internationally.

Pakistani stance in UN on theIndian dossier was very fragile andcaused great deal of embarrassment tothe nation, while allowing the Indiansto portray Pakistan as a hub ofterrorists. Even the retired militaryofficials were nominated in theresolution to be declared as terrorists.

An isolated and weakPakistan will be much easier to attackor fight in an actual conflict. Recentshift in Indian military doctrine is aclear indicator of that as well.

To defame Pakistan, Indianshave internationalized Mumbai attackbut never accepted Pakistaniassistance in investigations. The caseof Samjotha Express has been buriedunder the dust of time, as it implicatedIndian religious fundamentalists interrorism but Mumbai has remainedopen just to defame Pakistan.

US covert operations againstIran from Afghanistan also played animportant role in destabilizing Pak-Iran relations. CIA formed Jundullahto launch low scale insurgency inI r ani an Ba lu chis tan (S is tan -Baluchistan). This insurgent group,with help and on directions from CIA,carried out multiple suicide attacks inIranian Eastern province borderingPakistan.

As a result not only relationshipbetween two brotherly countries turnedsour, but sectarian violence also eruptedin Pakistan.

India is trying to manipulatePakistan's economy through wateraggression. Natural landscape andgeography of subcontinent hasprovided India with an opportunity toopenly work for blocking Pakistan'swater from Indus Basin Rivers(Chenab, Jehlum and Indus), whichwere allocated to Pakistan in IWT1960. Pakistani concerned authoritiesalready have assessed that by 2014

GeopoliticalAxis

Geo-economicAxis

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India can stop water to Pakistani fertileland for a considerably long period oftime to prevent sowing crops in time.

The so-called peace initiativesbetween the two countries till this date,have failed to address Pakistaniconcerns on sensitive and importantissues of the sort, while Indiacontinued to build dams in Kashmir onPakistani rivers to bring Pakistan on itsknees by destroying its agriculture.

In international media,Pakistan is being presented as the mostdangerous place for World peace, as itis a state too vulnerable to protect itsnuclear arsenal which can fall into the“wrong hands”.

Despite the assurances fromall levels from Pakistan, thepropaganda against Pakistan's nuclearweapons and their safety has onlyintensified during last two years.

The recent development inmedia offensive against Pakistan ismore disturbing, as it has entered intomedia manipulation phase by buyingelements in all the notable mediaoutlets of Pakistan. According toreports some 50 million dollars havebeen allocated to be spent on Pakistanimedia by US administration, in orderto get a soft corner for US policies inthe region. This is a concerningdevelopment for Pakistani media andmasses, as it will hijack the Pakistanimedia to portray events as per wishesof US.

Recently, Kerry Lugar billfaced severe criticism from everyinstitute of Pakistan and among theseinstitutes the most vocal was Pakistanimedia particularly, Urdu - both printand electronic.

Though some elements inPakistani media have remained criticsof US policies in this country and inthis region, but never in 63 years of itshistory Pakistani media ever preached“a n t i -A me r i can s en t im en t s , ”something to be eliminated or reducedfrom Pakistani media through thisallocation of $50 million.

It seems to be a PR buildingcampaign in Pakistan by USadministration, but it is evident after

Kerry Lugar bill that US wants to shunall kind of criticism in Pakistani mediaon US policies as the official reasongiven for this allocation is verydifferent from ground realities.

Officially this money is tohighlight development projects by USin Pakistan, to build trust butinterestingly no such project has beeninitiated yet, so a logical question hereis; how US administration deems tohighlight i ts cooperation withPakistani masses without any actualcooperation on ground?

The timing of recent mediaallocation has raised many eyebrowsin circles of critics of US policies. Theyfeel the money will be used to expandthe US footprint in Pakistani media toexpand its psy-ops to mould opinion ofmasses, as per US policy makers. Onesuch example is Voice of America, aradio and TV platform that speaks forthe government of the US already has atie-up with some privateTV channels.

US media is not the only entityhaving launched media war againstPakistan, but Indian media also joinedthe campaign particularly againstPakistani security establishment andits role in war on terror after Mumbaiattacks in 2008. Strong Indian lobby ininternational media has also helped thecause to wage propaganda againstPakistani military and its role in war onterror. The idea that Pakistan militaryis actually helping Afghan Talibana

Keeping all the facets of the4GWs being waged against Pakistan

since 8 long years, it is evident thatdealing with such threat is not possibleby using one state organ alone, likemilitary or civilian administration.Even a combined effort by bothsometimes fails to pay dividend untilseeking a broad public support and acomplete national cohesion ondefense, foreign and internal policies.

So far, Pakistani militaryestablishment has dealt with ongoingterrorism in a rather effective wayadopting quickly to the new methodsof urban asymmetrical counterinsurgency operations within its ownborders. But this must be understood,that for the army also, this was alearning curve which came at a heavycost. Hundreds of brave andbrilliant men have given their life andlimb to fight a war army was not gearedto fight traditionally. Now the entirePakistan army has seen ruthless actionin the last few years and is battle hardyand trained. Operations still continueto flush out the pockets of resistance bythe TTP terrorists, but the war onground is not supported by the Psy-Ops in national media nor by thepolitical will of the government.

The national judiciary hasalmost collapsed in response to thisthreat leaving the army almost withoutsupport from the state organs. Thiscontinues to increase pressure on thearmy which now has to deal with thepolitical, psychological and judicialside of the war as well. In anenvironment of lopsided priorities andbadly managed national governance,pressure on armed forces has increasedmanifold.

Despite the overwhelmingodds, army has done remarkably toneutralize the terrorist threats from thisaxis of the 4GW. But much more canbe done to accelerate the process ofcleanup and reduce the military, aswell as the collateral damage.

1.Urban environment opshave to be intelligence based as theatreof operations is friendly territoryinfested by insurgents within thefriendly local population. HumanIntelligence (HINT) as well as

Media / PsychologicalAxis

Proposed Responses (Solutions)

Anti Terrorism Operations

gainst US and NATO was sold to theWorld by Indian elements throughvarious reports by anonymoussources. This idea led US policymakers to believe that Pakistan isactually double crossing US in globalwar on terror. Resultantly Pakistanhad to face more pressure from US.The real intentions of India behindmisleading US policy makers were toget some concession on Kashmir andwater issues, while keeping the worlda t t e n t ion a wa y f r o m the s eoutstanding core issues between twonuclear armed arch rivals in thesubcontinent.

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Technical Intelligence (TINT),remains the fundamental elements ofany such operations. Tracking of celland satellite phones, use of dronetechnology, night surveillancecapabilities remain critical to theseoperations. These capabilities need tobe enhanced radically, almost to thelevels of police state or martial law intheaters of operations, as civil andjudicial systems have collapsed inthose regions. Army laws and militarycourts that deal with civiliancombatant or insurgents fighting theState or armed forces, need to beinvoked for short term to put the fear ofGod and law in the hearts of theterrorists.

2.Ideally, regular forcesshould not be used to combat 4GWterrorists. Reserves and paramilitaryforces are best options. Pakistan musttrain more of its paramilitary forces forthis role with indigenous tactics andplans.

3.In rural environment, localfriendly militias or “Lashkars” tosupport the military and the para-military to take the lead role insecuring their regions, to be backed bythe State forces.

4.In the urban environment, asecond tier of national defense needs tobe created from educated urban youth.Pakistan used to have such a service,NCC, till late 90's. The compulsorymilitary and civil defense training tothe university youth should becomemandatory to support security forces inurban environment search, securityand neutralizing operations.

5 . D u e t o i t s co m p l exasymmetrical nature at every level, it isvery necessary to study enemy'stechnical abilities. The Indian backedTTP and the BLA extensively usecyber world and cellular technology totheir advantage. Also, Pakistani TTPhas used IED's, suicide bombing asmain tactic against security forces andsociety and explosive laden vehicleshave proved most dangerous anddestructive weapons. Proper anti-cyber terrorism units need to beaggressively active to check and trackterrorists in cyber and cellular world.Also, a proper Vehicle Tracking &

Management System with ability totrack target vehicle at any time can bevery useful in reducing the risk of suchattacks.

6.After getting a bloody nosein FATA and Swat, now militants areattacking Pakistani cities. So far, thisstrategy of militants has worked muchmore effectively to achieve theiro bjec t iv e of ph ys io log ica l lydestroying the morale of masses thantraditional attacks on security forces inremote areas of NWFP and in FATA.Though both civilian and securityforces are target of terrorists, but in bigcities like Lahore and Karachi it iscivilians who have suffered more. Inorder to secure the cities it isimperative to enhance the technicalintelligence as per needs of 21century.

Keeping every street in a citylike Karachi or Lahore in sight all thetime is a cumbersome job for any lawenforcer, regardless of how well trainedits personnel are. It is time toincorporate emerging mili tarytechnologies in urban centers forgathering information and to keep aneye in a particular area on high risktargets. Pakistan is making surveillancedrones for many years now and has alsoexported these planes to foreigncustomers as well. It is time to adopt thissurveillance technology in the cities toget real time intelligence on suspectedentities in a particular city. Drones are

much cheaper alternative to anexpensive and more complex satellitebased surveillance.

Another area of technicalenhancement in Counter Intelligence(COIN) operation is to enhance theability to track enemy's hideouts.Traditional methods of implantingsomeone in enemy ranks or buying outenemy assets has not proved hundredpercent foolproof, as it is very difficultto differentiate friends from foes in thiscovert war. It is time for Pakistanisecurity forces to start concentratingon applications of implantable GPStrackers to get exact location of aparticular hostile entity.

Inter agency protocols forsharing sensitive information amongvarious law enforcement bodies in thecountry has been traditionally a weaklink in investigations. It is time toadopt new cutting edge technologies tobuild repositories with multiple accesslevel to enhance cooperation amongvarious law enforcement agencies andto enable these law enforcers to carryout real time investigations.

Absence of modern forensiclabs is another hurdle in investigations.Pakistan must work to build state of theart forensic facility in the country and itmust be equipped with all necessarytechnical facilities in this regard.

To win the ultimate 4thgeneration war, it is imperative toeliminate all the root causes andsupporting environment to ensure thatenemy has no moral ground tomaneuver its tactics, hence denying amoral victory to enemy which is theultimate goal of 4th generationwarfare. During last 8 years, Pakistanileadership took some steps to gainhigher moral ground.

Recent example of such amove was peace deal in Swat before acomprehensive military operationagainst terrorists. Pakistan army andgovernment got a high moral groundby signing that deal. TTP was exposedin the end to the masses along with allits atrocities in the name of Islam. But

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Governance & AdministrativeMeasures

A human implantable GPS tracker

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there were some severe mistakeswhere army lost its moral edge toterrorists. The drop scene of LalMasjid operation in July 2007 was amajor blow to Pakistan army in its anti-terrorism efforts and it provided anopportunity to hostile agencies to wagepropaganda ops against Pakistan army,by getting sympathies of local massesand families of victims of thisoperation despite the fact that most ofthe students in Lal Masjid got killeddue to being used as human shield bythe terrorists. Lal masjid was a classicoperation where bad and poorperception and media managementcreated a security crisis for the Stateand the armed forces later on.

Counter insurgency in 4generation warfare is the mostcomplex task at hand. Every operationhas different tactical planning andexecution requirements, but Pakistanarmy and other forces must evaluatepos t ope ration circumstancesparticularly collateral damage withrespect to ultimate strategic goal of 4generation warfare i.e. winning amoral battle in every operation,denying any opportunity to hostileelements to launch psy-ops againstPakistani state or army.

11. Operation Rah-i-Rast inSwat is also a reminder of what canhappen if a region is deprived ofspeedy justice for a long period oftime. It has remained a dilemma inPakistan that legal procedure in lowercourts is haplessly non-existentdenying the very justice for which theState exists. This has developed areactionary approach in mass behaviorin Pakistani society.

Like Justice, development isalso an integral part of a peacefulsociety. It is the responsibility ofcivilian government to raise theinfrastructure of insurgency affectedareas so that people can restart socialand economic activities in these areas.Cooperation of international donorsand NGOs may be engaged on ownterms in these rehabilitation efforts.The sooner these areas return tonormalcy, the better it would be foroverall law and order throughout thecountry. Along with infrastructure

development, government must alsotake steps to revive lost businesses andjobs of the locals.

12. Education sector reformsare need of the hour. Absence ofuniform educational structurethroughout the country has producedvarious kinds of social and religiousdogmas in the society, resultantlymaking national fabric more fragileinstead of creating any nationalharmony which is a fundamental pillarof national stability and security. Inrecent insurgencies, it has becomeevident that a loose governmentcontrol over various religious andprivate educational systems inPakistan has created a sense ofdeprivation in one faction andsuperiority complex in another, andthis vast gulf between these mindsetswas successfully manipulated by theterrorist indoctrinators in the name ofreligion.

From recent developments inthe region on terrorism, it is evidentthat a case against Pakistan is beingprepared as a next staging area for anybig terror attack anywhere in theworld, particularly in India or US.

This idea, of blaming Pakistanfor being used by terrorists to recruit,train and send terrorists and to plan anattack on US or Indian soil, came fromaggressive Indian diplomatic offensesin major capitals of the world. Thesupporting factor was Pakistan's olddefensive foreign policy. It is time forPakistan

13.Pakis tan must keepSamjotha express case and Indianatrocities on Kashmiris alive, ininternational community and media

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So it is imperative thatgovernment take all necessary stepsto make education in Pakistanuniform, for every faction of society.A strong over sight of religiousschools is another area of urgentattention of government. It is timefor government to present a model ofeducational institutes with a uniformgener a l e duc a t ion s tandar dthroughout the country to provideequal opportunities for all thestudents in practical life.

Diplomatic Response

to present a strong case atworld forums regarding its efforts incombating terrorism and sufferingsPakistani nation has faced during thisbloody war. Pakistan's foreign policyneeds a major overhaul in this regard.Pakistan must also reject “Do More”.

Lt Col: Prasad Srikant Purohitan act ive memb er of Abhina vBharat, a Hinduoutfit and mastermindof Samjhoota Express incidentin 2006. Prohit has been convictedf or Ma le g a o n b la s ts i n 20 0 8 .Pak is tani fore ign off i ce fai l eddiplomatically to pick this matterof serving Indian armyofficer'sdirectlink with terrorist organization.

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alike. Strong demand for inquiry intomassacre of 59 innocent Pakistanis in

Strong media managementis a

Samjotha Express incident must bemade and conveyed to all thecap i t a l s , th rough Pak i s t a n idiplomats. Pakistan must notabandon its slain citizens killed bycold blooded Indian fanatics.Kashmir is another strong moral casefor Pakistan and it is time forPakistan to end its lethargy over thisimportant issue, and resurrect thiscase once again in internationalforums like UN. It has become morerelevant in a nuclear overhangbetween Pakistan and India. Notonly this, Pakistan must withstandinternational pressure from US andIndia and suppor t Pakis taniindividuals convicted wrongly by theUN as terrorists; whereas in Pakistan,courts have failed to convict theseindividuals on the same information

and evidence provided by India thatwere used in UN to convict theseindividuals.Pakistan must build astrong case against India and herinvolvement in Pakistan, particularlyin supp o r t i ng te r r o r i s m i nBaluchistan and FATA. Pakistanarmy has given proofs to governmentand the ball is in democraticgovernment's court to take the case tointernational forums like UN, wherePakistan can seek Chinese help inorder to unearth Indian intentionsagainst Pakistan and peace in the

region.Recently, a serving Indian

officer was convicted in Indian courtfor being the mastermind of bombingin a Masjid in Malegaon, a village inIndia. This attack was first blamed onPakistan and ISI.This case hasprovided a much needed opportunityto use it as a proof in diplomaticcommunity to unleash the real face ofterrorists serving in Indian army.

14.Pakistan has sufferedsome 40 billion dollar losses in warof terror against foreign funded,supported and backed 4thGW. Nowit is up to government to make thisfact realized and present to all thestakeholders in this war.

fundamental requirement of 4generation warfare. In recent years,

Propaganda Warfare14.

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One of many info graphics created toalarm world about TTP taking overPakistan. In the map above, one cansee areas like Chitral, Shangla, Kohistanand D.I Khan never remained underTaliban control. Unfortunately, due toabsence of a clear media policy Pakistanimedia failed to counter propagandaw a r f a r e b y W e s t e r n m e d i a .

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Pakistan generally and Pakistanarmy particularly are targets ofIndian and Western media outlets; toportray both as weak and non seriousin combating insurgency and terror.Leading papers, websites, magazinesin US and Western media are leakingstories to defame Pakistani militaryleadership and its commitment to itswar against foreign funded terror,despite the fact that Pakistan army isthe only force in the world that haslost its serving Generals in this war.

All these stories are part ofthe bigger propaganda operation, todemoralize forces and leadership byoverlooking sacrifices made byPakistan army but this is one side ofall this. In reality, this is lack of astrong media team on the part ofPakistan.

As mentioned, in Diplomaticresponse sect ion the recentrevelations about involvement ofIndian army's serving officers interrorism must be exposed forcefullyin media. It is high time for Pakistanigovernment to review its mediapolicy with respect to 4 generationwarfare. Pakistan still does not have amedia policy which defines the roles,parameters, objectives, aims andgoals of Pakistan's media in supportof ground operations or to counter thehostile psy-ops. The terrorists stillget air time on prime time media andarmy is still ridiculed and attackedboth by politicians and media“analysts” for “fighting America’swar” and killing “own people!”.Indiais still not blamed for supportinginsurgencies in Pakistani territory.

15. Pakistani governmentmust make sure that any mediaexchange agreement betweenPakistan and India takes place onreciprocal basis. Indian channels arebe in g a l l ow ed in P a k i s t a nuninterruptedly but Pakistanichannels are facing a strict ban inmost parts of India. In order to stopmedia invasion it is extremelynecessary to expand footprint ofPakistani media in Indian territories.

As 4GW comprises ofmultiple axis and asymmetricalwarfare, the solution to it can not bedevised from one national institute.As 4GW is an evolving phenomenon,its solution must be out of the box aswell depending upon multiplefactors- both conventional as well asnon-conventional. Pakistan is at acritical crossroads in fighting 4GWterror ists. Although mil itaryoperations have shown veryencouraging results so far in Swatand FATA, but it must be understoodby the civilian government that toconvert these military gains intopermanent peace, some desperatemeasures are imperative in areas hitby insurgency and counter-insurgency operations.

For the last 5 years, Pakistanination and state both have suffereddue to weak and fragile foreignpolicy adopted by Musharraf regimeand pursued by current government.This foreign policy of Pakistan hasonly served the interests of foreignpowers or hostile nations like Indiawho exploited internal conflicts ofPakistan at international level todefame Pakistan.Amajor overhaul inforeign policy is more thannecessary, to bring an end to theongoing master slave relationshipsbetween Pakistan and comity ofnations. It is high time for Pakistan todraw some very visible red lines,which Pakistani state and nation willnever cross while fighting terrorismas US ally in the region.

Afghan policy needs to beoverhauled. From being a passiveplayer, Pakistan now needs to be anaggressive and pro-active policymaker in Afghanistan. The crisis inPakistan has its roots in Afghanistan.It is absolutely critical, that Pakistancontrols the internal as well assecurity dynamics in that country.I nd ians have exploi t ed theenvironment long enough. It's time tonail Indian interests and assets inAfghanistan to end the military axisof 4GW against Pakistan. Desperate

times call for desperate measures.Internal conflicts always

have some root causes, and Pakistanis not an exception in this regard. It isa proven fact that unchecked foreignfunding of some religious schools(Madrasas) in the past throughout thecountry, ever increasing poverty,ethnic intolerance, corruption etc. aresome massive challenges the countryis facing right now. Most worryingaspect of all these challenges is thatall the related social and economicalindicators are not showing anyimprovement. Unless the governmenttakes some concrete steps in order too v e r c o m e s o c i o - e c o n o m i cchallenges in backward parts of thecountry, the threat of resurrection ofsimilar insurgencies will keepprevailing, as poor socio-economicsalways made it easier for enemies tomanipulate local masses for their owninterests.

Pakistan today faces twomost critical cancers which arefeeding the 4GW against the State.

T h e s y s t e m a n d t h egovernment have failed to addressthese two issues. The corruptionf e eds the bad gove r n anc e ,hopelessness, state failures andsocial disintegration. Lack of justicebreeds terrorism, violence and socialanarchy. If the present system cannotdeliver, perhaps the right choicewould be to change and replace thesystem before a complete and totalvictory against the 4GW can beassured. A political, judicial andeconomic system is required, wherecorruption and terrorism are met withzero tolerance, even if that meansadopting desperate and harshestmeans. If it takes that much to cleanthe mess, then let it be.

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th

Conclusion

·Corruption·Failure of judicial system

to put fear of God into the hearts ofterrorists