Biological Waste Treatment and Pol lut ion Control

4961854

A C T I V A T E D S L U D G E W A S T E W A T E R T R E A T M E N T

P R O C E S S

John W Wittmann, Donald J Thiel, George W Smith assigned to Envirex Inc

Wastewater and recycled activated sludge are homogeneously mixed in a first aeration zone by injecting an oxygen-containing gas such as air into the lower portion of the zone under condi- tions which produce a complete mix reaction and sufficient oxygen is supplied to meet the bio- logical oxygen demands of the mixed liquor. The gas is introduced, preferably by a plurality of fine bubble membrane diffusers, in the form of fine bubbles having a diameter less than about 4 mm. The bubbles provide both the mixing to keep solids in suspension and the oxygen required to maintain the overall dissolved oxygen content in the first aeration zone as close to 0 as possible. The mixed liquor is sequentially contacted with an oxygen-containing gas in second and third aeration zones under conditions which produce a complete mix reaction, preferably by fine bub- ble membrane diffusers, clarified and a portion of the settled sludge is recycled to the first aera- tion zone.

4 ~ 2 0 M

B I O R E M E D I A T I O N O F O R G A N I C C O N T A M I N A T E D S O I L A N D

A P P A R A T U S T H E R E F O R

Khalique A Khan assigned to Aerovironment Inc

A trickling filter system to treat contaminated soil, and prevents its migration, comprises: a

reactor vessel having a floor, a side wall or walls, and a cover, to contain the soil; a contaminated soil bed received into the vessel and onto the ves- sel floor; a raking apparatus including rake arms in the vessel and a drive therefore, to displace the arms for raking the soil; and a sprinking system in the vessel to sprinkle liquid into the raked soil, and; a sump associated with the reactor vessel to receive liquid that drains from the soil, and to supply that liquid to said sprinkling system, the liquid including water and organics dissolved in the water.

137

4963491

P R O C E S S O F R E M O V I N G B I O L O G I C A L C O N T A M I N A N T S W I T H E N Z Y M E S F R O M K R I L L

Lars G I Hellgren, Viggo Mohr, Jan Vincent, S 421 63 V:a Fr Sweded

Enzymes isolated from krill of the order Eu- phausiaceae are used to remove biological con- taminants. Preferably, a mixture of enzymes including exo-and endopeptidase is isolated. The enzymes can be used in laundering or to clean or debride living tissue. Isolation may be carried out by homogenizing krill and extracting the en- zymes with an aqueous medium. The enzymes may be further purified by gel chromatography. After lipids have been removed, the enzymes can be lyophilized for long time storage.

4964857

B I O D E G R A D A B L E D I S P O S A B L E D I A P E R

Charle Osborn

138 PATENT ABSTRACTS

The present invention relates to an improved disposable diaper that is biodegradable, sanitary and environmentally safe. In general, the im- proved diaper has a removable inner sheet of material disposed of by flushing in a toilet or water closet. The remainder of the diaper is made of a biodegradable material that is disposed of in a conventional landfill.

back into the food processing plant for reuse in certain plant operations.

4966872

B A C T E R I O S T A T I C A C T I V A T E D C A R B O N F I L T E R

4965202

B I O D E G R A D A T I O N O F 1,4- D I B E N Z - O X A Z E P I N E A N D

R E L A T E D C O M P O U N D S

Mark V Haley, Wayne Landis assigned to The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Army

The present invention is a process of degrading 1,4-dibenz-oxazepine with a microorganism en- zymatically capable of converting the 1, 4- dibenz-oxazepine into at least o-nitrophenol which is further converted to catechol. The pre- sent invention is preferably carried out using a strain of Alcaligenes denitrificans denitrificans. Additional related compounds which can be degraded with Alcaligenes denitrificans denitrificans include: o-nitrophenol, catechol, and 3-metbylcatechol.

Car Horowitz, Moha Sanduja, Michael Dichter assigned to Puro Corporation of America

Polymerized salts of polymerizable anionic monomers with cationic germicides are chem- ically grafted onto activated carbon in a manner to form a permanent, covalent bond thereon. The grafting of such germicides onto the ac- tivated carbon imparts permanent bacteriostatic properties thereto and the resulting bac- teriostatic activated carbon can be used for the purification of drinking water over prolonged periods of time. The passage of contaminated water across this activated carbon chemically grafted with the polymerized salt of the cationic germicide results in purification of the water which remains free of elevated bacteria counts often associated with first flush effluents. Mere absorption of such or any germicide into the pores of the activated carbon results in desorp- tion and leaching out of the germicide into the ef- fluent.

4966713

P R O C E S S F O R T H E T R E A T M E N T O F W A S T E W A T E R F R O M F O O D

P R O C E S S I N G P L A N T S

Daniel W Keys, Grady W Burgin assigned to FMC Corporation

In a processing for treating waste containing ef- fluent water from a food processing plant, the ef- fluent water is contacted with a flocculant comprising a crude algal composition or a crude alkali processed algal composition obtained from algae selected from the classes Rhodophy- ceae, Cyanophyceae, Chlorophyceae and Phaeophyceae, at an acidic pH. A floc, which contains substantially all of the solid waste com- ponents of the effluent water, is formed as a result of the treatment process, and can be recovered for use in animal feedstocks or as other products such as fertilizers, or safely dis- posed of an in landfill operations. The clarified effluent water is sufficiently waste free that it can be forwarded to a secondary treatment facility or

4968427

P R O C E S S F O R T H E B I O L O G I C A L D E G R A D A T I O N O F C O M P L E X , N O N - R E A D I L Y D E G R A D A B L E

O R G A N I C W A S T E W A T E R C O N S T I T U E N T S

Margaret Glanser, Sinisa Ban, Imre Pascik, Zagreb, Yugoslavia assigned to Bayer Ak- tiengesellschaft

In a two-stage process for the biological degradation of complex, non-readily degradable wastewater constituents, acidification takes place in the first stage and anaerobic degradation in the presence of methanogenic organisms in the second stage. In the first stage, the wastewater is treated both with the acidogenic organisms and with dehalogenating and/or desulfonating and/or deaminating strains. In addition, highly sub-stoichiometric quantities of oxygen, based on the organic carbon load, are introduced in the first stage either directly or indirectly by addition of oxygen-yielding compounds. Both stages are