447dlarge hadron collider

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It is a remarkably harmonious international

collaboration in which the UK has a leading

role. British scientists and engineers have

prominent roles in construction, management

and experimental teams and the UK makes a

significant contribution to the LHC budget.


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The LHC is physicallylocated in a circular27km (16.5m) longtunnel under theSwiss/French borderoutside Geneva, but asan international projectthe LHC crossescontinents and manyinternational borders.In the UK, engineersand scientists at 20research sites areinvolved in designingand buildingequipment andanalysing data.


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This photo shows a view of

the Large Hadron Collider

in its tunnel at CERN

(European particle physics

laboratory) near Geneva,

Switzerland. Scientists of

the CERN started the Large

Hadron Collider (LHC) on

September 10 for the first

time and successfully.


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the LHC is

designed to

accelerate sub-

atomic particles to

nearly the speedof light and then

smash them

together

replicating

conditions which

prevailed in split-

seconds after the

"Big Bang" that

created the

Universe 13.7

billion years ago.


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EuropeanOrganisation forNuclear Researchscientists work atcomputers in theCern's controlcenter during theswitch on operationof the LargeHadron Collider,the world's biggestatom-smasher in amission to answersome of the mostperplexingquestions in thecosmos control inGeneva,Switzerland.


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Built in a tunnel 100 metres

(325 feet) below ground in acomplex straddling the

French-Swiss border, the LHC

is designed to accelerate sub-

atomic particles to nearly thespeed of light and then smash

them together replicating

conditions which prevailed in

split-seconds after the "BigBang" that created the

Universe 13.7 billion years

ago.


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Scientists fired a first beam of protons around a 27-kilometer (17mile)

tunnel housing the Large Hadron Collider. They hope to recreate

conditions just after the so-called Big Bang. The international group of

scientists plan to smash particles together to create, on a small-scale,

re-enactments of the Big Bang.


9/12

Scientists fired a first beam of

protons around a 27-kilometer

(17mile) tunnel housing the

Large Hadron Collider. They

hope to recreate conditions just

after the so-called Big Bang.

The international group of

scientists plan to smash

particles together to

create, on a small-scale,

re-enactments of the Big

Bang.


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C o l l i d e r , t h e w o r l d ' s

b i g g e s t a t o m - s m a s h e r i n

a m i s s i o n t o a n s w e r s o m e

o f t h e m o s t p e r p l e x i n g

q u e s t i o n s i n t h e c o s m o s c o n t r o l i n G e n e v a ,

S w i t z e r l a n d . B u i l t i n a

t u n n e l 1 0 0 m e t r e s ( 3 2 5

f e e t ) b e l o w g r o u n d i n a

c o m p l e x s t r a d d l i n g t h e

F r e n c h - S w i s s b o r d e r , t h e

L H C i s d e s i g n e d t o

a c c e l e r a t e s u b - a t o m i c

p a r t i c l e s t o n e a r l y t h e

s p e e d o f l i g h t a n d t h e n

s m a s h t h e m t o g e t h e r r e p l i c a t i n g c o n d i t i o n s

w h i c h p r e v a i l e d i n s p l i t -

s e c o n d s a f t e r t h e " B i g

B a n g " t h a t c r e a t e d t h e

U n i v e r s e 1 3 . 7 b i l l i o n y e a r s a g o .


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The LHC is still new, but its

successor - the InternationalLinear Collider (ILC) is alreadybeing discussed. So why buildtwo high energy colliders thatoperate on the same principles?

The LHC is a discoverymachine, a general purpose toolthat will open up new areas ofphysics and demonstrate theexistence, or not, of predictednew laws and particles. The ILCis a precision instrument thatwill allow scientists to explorein detail the discoveries made

by the LHC.


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447dlarge hadron collider

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