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* GB784808 (A) Description: GB784808 (A) ? 1957-10-16 Improvements in or relating to rope incorporating an insulated electrical conductor Description of GB784808 (A) A high quality text as facsimile in your desired language may be available amongst the following family members: CH340430 (A) FR1153075 (A) CH340430 (A) FR1153075 (A) less Translate this text into Tooltip [81][(1)__Select language] Translate this text into The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete, up-to-date or fit for specific purposes. PATENT? SPECRFICAA 1 ON 7 '9 $ 08 Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: August 30 1955. Application meade in Germany on January 2-5, 1955 Complete Specification Published: October 16, 1957

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* GB784808 (A)

Description: GB784808 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Improvements in or relating to rope incorporating an insulated electricalconductor

Description of GB784808 (A)

A high quality text as facsimile in your desired language may be available amongst the following family members:

CH340430 (A) FR1153075 (A) CH340430 (A) FR1153075 (A) less Translate this text into Tooltip

[81][(1)__Select language] Translate this text into

The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete, up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.

PATENT? SPECRFICAA 1 ON 7 '9 $ 08 Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: August 30 1955. Application meade in Germany on January 2-5, 1955 Complete Specification Published: October 16, 1957 Index at acceptargee:-Clams 3 i, AX. Internnaions 01 h a-lb COMPLETE SPECIFICA Tl ON Improvemients A or r C Rnec 2 fin Rope i ncogan Eledd Weal Conduoor We, REDLER CONVEYORS LIMITED, a British Company, of Dudbridge Works, Stroud, in the County of Gloucester, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to rope incorporating an insulated electrical conductor.

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It is an object of the invention to provide an improved construction of rope in which the electrical conductor is efficiently protected against tension stresses and radial compression forces arising from loading and flexure of the rope during use A further object is to provide a rope which is convenient to manufacture and is adaptable as regards the form of conductor which is used with it. Tn a stranded haulage rope having an electrical conductor extending longitudinally, said conductor being fitted within a protective tube which is incorporated in the rope, the invention is characterised by the fact that the conductor fits loosely within the protective tube so as to be slidable axially, thereby freeing the conductor from tension stresses when the rope is in operation The tube may advantageously be composed of a wire or strip which is wound into a helix constituting the wall of the tube Preferably the helix turns comprising the tube abut against one another when the tube is straight BS but are separable to permit bending of the tube as the rope bends The electrical conductor usually has a covering of insulating material which is a loose fit within the tube to avoid the transference of working stresses from the rope to the insulated conductor during use. In the accompanying diagrammatic drawings which show one embodiment of the invention; Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation of a haulage rope, the end being cut back to show the various components; and Figure 2 is a transverse section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1. The rope, indicated generally at 10, has 50 its strands 11 built up or laid around a central core 12 which is in the form of a tube capable of withstanding heavy radial compression forces This tube is composed of a wire helix the turns 13 of which are 55 wound so as to be in close abutting relationship when the tube is straight The tube is, however, flexible for its axis can bend to follow bending of the rope strands 11, the turns 13 at the outside of the bend being 60 free to separate from one another in the axial sense The tube 12 therefore does not affect the strength and flexibility of the rope, but the bore 14 of the tube provides a permanent axial passage through the rope 65 Into this bore 14 an insulated electrical conductor 15 is slid, the conductor itself being shown at 16 and being covered by a layer 17 of insulating material The outside diameter of the insulating material 17 is a 70 loose or clearance fit within the bore 14 so that the conductor can slide generally or locally relative to the components 11, 12; in this way the stresses to which the components 11, 12 are subjected due to loading 75 during use are not transferred to the conductor 15, so that damage to the latter is avoided. It will be understood that various modifications may be made For instance the 80 tube 12 may be made of non-metallic material, such as plastic, instead of metal wire or strip, in which case it will form a

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useful additional insulating layer around the conductor 15 Moreover where such an in 85 sulating tube is used, the conductor may be in the form of a bare wire, if desired With the improved construction of rope various forms of single or multi-cored conductor may be used with a given rope, so as best 90 No 248839/55 784,808 to suit requirements, for the conductor can be slid or drawn into the rope when the latter is being installed Preferably the wire rope is of the "non-rotating" type comS prising two or more layers of strands laid in opposing directions, as is well known in the art.

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* GB784809 (A)

Description: GB784809 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Frames for windows and doors, and sections for such frames

Description of GB784809 (A)

A high quality text as facsimile in your desired language may be available amongst the following family members:

BE532382 (A) CH329654 (A) FR1130977 (A) BE532382 (A) CH329654 (A) FR1130977 (A) less Translate this text into Tooltip

[83][(1)__Select language] Translate this text into

The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data and information originating from other authorities than the EPO; in particular, the EPO does not guarantee that they are complete, up-to-date or fit for specific purposes.

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PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: September 30, 1955. 784,809 No 27835/55 Application made in Belgium on October 7, 1954 "a, Complete Specification Published: October 16, 1957 Index at acceptance:-Class 20 ( 3), Bl B 2 C, J 2 J. International Classification:-E 04 f. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Frames for Windows and Doors, and Sections for such Frames I, FLORIS CASTAN, a Belgium Subject, of 178, Rue de Baume, La Louviere, Belgium, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement: - This invention relates to frames for windows and doors, and to sections for such frames. According to the invention, in the fixed parts, a section having a rectangular web and, on its long surfaces, spaced longitudinal ribs each provided with a lateral projection directed towards the respective edges of the web, forms a key between rigidly assembled fixed rectangular frames constituted by a section in the form of a girder which, in crosssection, is derived from a rectangle one of the long sides of which is formed by two ribs perpendicular to the short sides, and the other long side of which is provided with a flange situated in the plane of one of the short sides, the ribs provided with a lateral projection on the section forming the key being slid between the ribs of the section of the fixed frames for the purpose of assembling the latter to one another. The section forming the key preferably has, on its short sides, ribs which cover the joint between the sections of the fixed frames and one of the short sides may be provided with a drip-moulding Depending on circumstances, the section has a solid or a hollow web For frames of a certain size it is advantageous to make the sections forming the key, more particularly those having a hollow web, of a width which exceeds that of the section forming the frame, and to provide it, on its faces, with ribs which cover the joint between the sections of the fixed frames In this case one of the parts extending beyond the width of the section of the fixed frame may be bevelled The hollow web of the key section is, if necessary, prolPrice 3 s 6 d J vided with a flat reinforcing iron. The opening parts form rigidly assembled frames and are constituted by a section in the form of a girder which, in cross-section, represents a rectangle provided with flanges 50 disposed in opposite directions in the planes of the short sides The opening frames are articulated by

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means of hinges on the section of one of the sides of the corresponding fixed frames and close with double striking 55 faces on the section of the fixed frames The lower part of the opening swinging frames is preferably provided with a drip-moulding fastened to the flange of the section. A section surrounds the frame formed by 60 the various fixed frames of a window or door and enables said frame to be fixed, by means of T-pieces, to anchoring means bedded in the wall, said section being derived, in cross-section, from a rectangle one 65 of the long sides of which is formed by two ribs perpendicular to the short sides and is provided with two flanges situated in the planes of the short sides, and the other long side of which carries ribs which have 70 a lateral projection and which slide in Lhe ribs of the section of the fixed frames, while the, ribs perpendicular to the 'short sides etain the horizontal limb of the T-pieces the vertical limb of which is fixed to the anchor 75 ing means. The accompanying drawing illustrates several forms of construction of the invention by way of example In the drawing:Figure 1 is an elevation of a window frame 80 having several panes, Figures 2 to 7 are end views of several forms of construction of the section forming the key, Figure 8 is an end view of the section for 85 the fixed frames, Figure 9 is an end view of the section for the opening frames, Figure 10 is an end view of the secti'on siur rounding the window or door frames, 90 A" rae 4 C x I I_ 11 784,809 Figure 11 is a horizontal section on the line XI-XI in Figure 1, and Figure 12 is a vertical section on the line XII-XII in Figure 1. In the window illustrated in Figure 1 the side panes 1 are fixed, while the pane 2 represents a casement and the pane 3 a swinging fanlight The fixed parts constitute an assembly of rigid frames, generally rectangular, obtained by means of the section according to Figure 8, which are assembled together by the section forming the key according to Figure 2, or by a section derived therefrom (Figures 3 to 7). The section for fixed frames as shown in Figure 8 is derived, in cross-section, from a rectangle one of the long sides of which is constituted by ribs 4 perpendicular tc the short sides 5 of the rectangle The other g O long side 6 is provided with a flange 7 situated in the plane of one of the short sides 5. In the plane of the other short side 5 there may be disposed a heel 7 ' which increases the striking surface of the flange of the section for opening frames according to Figure 9. As will be seen from Figure 2, the section forming the key is composed of a rectangular web 8 having, on the long surfaces, spaced longitudinal ribs 9 each provided with a lateral projection directed

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towards the respective edges of the web, the short faces of said web carrying ribs 10 which covet the joint formed by the short sides 5 of two juxtaposed parts of the section according to Figure 8, which are assembled together by the section forming the key Assembly is effected by inserting the ribs 9 provided with lateral projection, on the section forming the key, into the ribs 4 of the section for fixed frames (Figure 8), as shown at 11 in Figures 11 and 12. The section forming the key is, for certain applications, provided with a drip-moulding 12 (Figure 4) Normally this section has a solid web but, when the frame is composed of a certan number of panes, it may be advantageous to increase its resistance to the pressure of the wind by using hollow sections, such as shown in Figures 3 and 5 or Figures 6 and 7 In the forms of construe tion according to Figures 3 and 5, the section is a rectangular box having, on its short sides, ribs situated in the planes of the long sides 13 These ribs replace the ribs 9 provided with a projection in the section according to Figure 2 Like this section, the section according to Figure 3 has two jointcovering ribs 10, and the section according to Figure 5 is provided with a drip-moulding 12 For window-frames of very large dimensions the provision is indicated of sections forming the key the width of which exceeds that of the section for fixed frames (Figure 8) Sections of this kind are shown in Figures 6 and 7 On their long surfaces they have ribs 9 provided with a projection like the section according to Figure 2, and also jointcovering ribs 14 Figure 7 illustrates a section of which one of the parts extending be 70 yond the section for fixed frames is bevelled and provided with a snout 15 to form a drip-moulding The strength of the key sections may be further increased by disposing a flat iron of appropriate section in the 75 cavity. Figure 9 illustrates the section for opening frames which represents, in crosssection, a closed rectangle provided with flanges 16 and 16 ' situated in opposite direc 80 tions in the planes of the short sides, the heel 17 of the flange 16 striking the interior of the flange 7 of the section for the fixed frame (Figure 8) and the interior of the flange 16 ' striking the heel 7 ' of the section for the 85 fixed frame, as shown at 18 and 19 in Figures 11 and 12 The hinges 20 which articulate the opening frames on the fixed frames are fastened on the one hand to the flange 16 ' of the section according to Figure 9, and 90 on the other hand to a short side 5 of the section according to Figure 8 As shown in Figures 11 and 12, the panes are placed on the inner side of the flange 16 of the section for the opening frames (Figure 9), and 95 also of the flange 7 of the section for fixed frames (Figure 8), and are fastened for example by means of mastic By modifying the section (Figure 9), the pane may be disposec:

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on the outside The opening fanlights 3 100 (Figure 12) are advantageously provided with a drip-moulding 21 suitably fastened from the outer side of the flange 16 of the lower section of the opening frames If necessary, the drip-moulding 21 may be provide:' with 105 a rib 22 embedded in the mastic This dripmoulding protects the striking surface situated below it from the entry of rain. The section according to Figure 10 which surrounds the frame and enables it to be 110 fixed to the walls is derived, in cross-section. from an open rectangle one of the long sides of which is constituted by ribs 23 perpendicular to the short sides 24 of the rectangle, the section being also provided with two 115 flanges 25 situated in the planes of the short sides One of these flanges is provided with a groove 26 lined with a water-tight joint 27 (Figures 11 and 12) The long side 28 of the open rectangle carries ribs 29 which 120 correspond to the ribs 9 of the key sections (Figure 2) and which slide, like the latter, in the ribs 4 of the section for the fixed frames (Figure 8) thus joining the latter to the peripheral section (Figure 10), as shown at 30 125 in Figures 11 and 12 In the channels formed by the ribs 23 (Figure 10) is inserted the horizontal limb of T-pieces 31 (Figure 11). the vertical limb of which is fixed to an anchoring means 32 bedded in the wall The 130 784,809 peripheral sections (Figure 10) thus serve thec purpose of stiffening the frame and integrat ing it with the brickwork 1 It will be apparent that the frames obS tained by means of the sections described e have great rigidity The frames are obtained by welding, or joining the respective sections by other means, and assembly of the various frames is effected in a very simple manner, without screws or rivets, by sliding the ribs of the section forming the key into the ribs of the section for fixed frames In one and the same frame there may be combined, as desired, fixed and opening frames which form windows or doors and the frame may be of any desired dimensions Figures 11 and 12 show in horizontal and vertical section respectively the principle of assembly of a frame The parts shown in Figure 11 have a fixed frame 1 and a casement 2 The section of Figure 12 includes a swinging fanlight 3 and a casement 2. The sections described are of a material which can be worked with the necessary precision by rolling or extrusion, for example metal or metal alloy or a suitable plastic material. The invention is naturally not limited to the forms of construction described and shown by way of example and modifications may be made thereto without thereby departing from the scope of the invention.

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* GB784810 (A)

Description: GB784810 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Improvements in and relating to the stapling of materials by means of wirestaples

Description of GB784810 (A)

PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: October 4, 1955. Application made in Germany on December 3, 1954 Complete Specification Published: October 16, 1957 784,810 No 28207/55, Index at acceptance:-Class 89 ( 2), G 3, J 1. International Classification:-FO 6 b. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Improvements in and relating to the Stapling of Materials by means of Wire Staples I, HEINRICH MEZGER, of Rankestrasse 48, Ni Urnberg, Germany, of German nationality, do hereby declare the invention, for which I pray that a patent may be granted to me, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to a staple, used for stapling leather, corrugated cardboard or the like, with straight staple back, for stapling machines of which the driving plunger acts on the straight staple back and drives the staples through the layers to be stapled and on to a clinching table which bends the ends of the staple legs over in a direction towards the layers to be stapled, the staple legs being rigidly guided on the outside. A plurality of staples may be combined, in a known manner, to form a staple strip. A known staple of this kind is illustrated in Figs 1 and 2 of the

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accompanying drawings. The staple made of wire shown in Figs. 1 and 2 has a straight back which is bent round at la and merges into straight leg parts 2 The sharpened leg ends 2 a converge by an amount such that each point 2 b is offset, i e projects, inwardly through the distance 3 from the straight leg part (see Fig 1). Such staples are in a known manner inserted in stapling tongs, stapling hammers or the like and driven out of them by a force in the direction of the arrows 4 through the material ( 5, 5 a) to be stapled (Figure 2). After the points 2 b have pierced the material to be stapled, they strike against a stapling baseplate on clinching table 6 which is preferably made of sheet steel and may be smooth or provided with one or more grooves 7 which guide the staple points, so that the staples will be forced to bend over in the direction indicated in Figure 2. Figure 2 shows the staple according to Figure 1 after the stapling operation The distance 3 (Figure 1) has one disadvantage, which becomes apparent, when tough material, such as leather, cardboard or artificial leather, are being stapled together 50 The point 2 b penetrates, as will be seen from Figure 1, at a certain place into the material 5 During the subsequent penetration through the material 5 to be stapled the penetrating leg already bends, as Figure 55 2 shows The length of the straight staple back 1 can, however, not contract during this process, so that after the stapling operation, as shown in Figure 2, a deflection 8 will appear above the material 5 to be 60 stapled This deflection on its part will result in the staple back 1 not bedding smoothly on the material 5 to be stapled, or, which would be desirable, even penetrating slightly into this material On the con 65 trary, in consequence of the deflection 8. there will remain between the material 5 and the staple back 1 a clearance 9 which will be found to be troublesome, as the back of the staple will project quite appre 70 ciably above the material 5. For inserting the staples into the stapling tongs, the stapling hammer or the like, it is the practice to stick or solder together a plurality of staples, such as that in Figure 1, 75 to form long strips This connection of the separate staples may get broken during the operation of the stapling machine, which may easily occur, more particularly in the case of so-called stapling hammers, in con 80 sequence of the heavy shocks resulting from the blow As the strips of staples have to be guided in the stapling appliance with a considerable amount of clearance and as the entire strip is under the heavy pressure 85 serving the purpose of feeding the staples forward into the operative position, there is the danger that, on heavy shocks occurring, that a staple, the soldering or adhesive connection of

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which with the adjacent staple 90 784,810 :as broken wvi slip ot-ver tlhis ad acent staple. This is more particularly possible, if the thickness of the wire, of which the staple is made, should in places be slightly thinner than standard. The disadvantages referred to are present, although to a less extent, also in the case of staples the sharpened leg ends 2 a of which are not bent. The invention consists in the combinatioir of (a) diverging leg parts immediately adjacent to the ends of the straight staple back, (b) straight central leg parts parallel to one another and immediately adjacent to the diverging parts, and (c) leg ends which then converge towards one another. It is known per se to provide staples with circularly curved legs This kind of staple is suitable only for "blind" stapling and cannot be used for stapling hard cardboard, since in this case the circularly curved legs would be forced to run out of true in the material being stapled This known staple can therefore be used only for limited differences in layer thickness If on the other hand the layer thickness were larger or smaller than suits the staple, stapling would be impossible, since either the staple legs would not bend over far enough and would project to a greater or less extent on the far side and would not guarantee secure stapling, or else the staple legs would not grip all layers The staple constructed in accordance with the present invention as set forth above, on the other hand, is not suitable for "blind" stapling but is suitable for stapling on a clinching table The advantage of this staple is that a straight central leg part provided on the staple is guided first in the stapling machine and then in the material to be stapled, and this guiding makes it possible for the staple points to reach the support so that layers differing from one another in thickness to a suitable extent can be connected together. Moreover, by means of the diverging leg parts in association with the straight central leg parts and the convering leg ends following the straight leg parts, a lateral outward bulge 8 on both sides as in the staples shown in Figs 1 and 2 avoided. A particular advantageous staple is one having the feature that the angle between the diverging leg parts and the straight leg parts associated with them is approximately the same as the angle between the straight central leg parts and the leg ends associated with them, these angles being between 5 and and preferably between 6 and 12 . Further details of the invention will appear in the course of the following description of an embodiment chosen by way of example and illustrated in Figs 3 to 5 of the accompanying drawings in which:

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Figs 1 and 2 illustrate the known wire staple described above, before and after stapling, and Figs 3 to 5 illustrate a staple constructed 70 in accordance with the invention, before stapling, during stapling and after stapling. The staple according to Figure 3 has, just as the staple of Figure 1, a straight back 1 and straight legs 2 The ends 2 a of the legs 75 are bent over and have sharpened points 2 b at the extremities of the legs remote from the back 1 The straight leg portions 2 do not however, as shown in Figure 1, merge with a sharp bend into the straight 80 back 1, but by means of a slightly bentaway portion 2 c The length of this bentway portion 2 c amounts to "a" and is about of the same size as the length of the bentaway leg end 2 a Between the two remains 85 the straight leg portion of the length "b " The two straight leg portions guide themselves during the stapling operation, that is, when in the direction of the arrows 4 pressure is applied to the staples, in lateral 90 guiding parts 10 of the stapling appliance which in Figure 1 is indicated by dot and dash lines The amount by which the staple ends 2 a and the transitional portions 2 c bend away is indicated by the angles 11 and 95 12 The two angles are preferably the same. The result of this is that the end la of the straight staple back lies exactly above l-e point 2 b of the bent-away leg end 2 a This is indicated by the broken line 13 ' which 100 extends parallel to the straight portion of the staple leg. Instead of providing a leg portion 2 c which is straight in itself and extends at an inclination, a gradual arcuate transition 105 from the straight leg portion "b" to the staple back may be adopted It is of importance, that the end of the straight back 1 shall be at a distance 13 (cf Figure 3) from the straight leg portion "b " On a 110 staple according to Figure 3 being forced into the materials 5 and 5 a which are to be stapled together, the legs will, owing to the inclined position of the leg ends, 'cn ' slightly inwards, while they are being forced 115 through, so that the result will be somewhat as that shown in Figure 4, when the points of the legs strike the steel stapling bedplate or clinching table 6 On the pressure continuing on the staple back, the 120 leg points will slip into the groove 7 in the plate 6, approaching one another, until finally the stapling operation is finished, when the position according to Figure 5 is reached The inclined portions 2 c of the 125 staple legs will at the same time bend about the points la at the ends of the staple back (Figure 4), as the legs will be forced positively inwards, owing to the guidance it receives in the tough material 5 As, how 130 784,810 ever, each point la lies directly above the puncture which the corresponding point 2 b makes at the commencement of the stapling process in the material 5 to be stapled, makes S at the commencement of the stapling process the

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portion 2 c of the staple leg can also slide into the aperture which the point 2 b has made, without formning the deflection 8 shown in Figure 2 In other words: the -10 length of the straight staple back 1 corresponds to the distance apart of the points 2 b of the staple in its original form (Figure 3), so that the entire staple legs can slide into the punctures made by the points 2 b. According to Figure 5, the staple back 1 now bears firmly on the material 5 and, if the latter is somewhat elastic, can be forced slightly into the material 5. The inclined surfaces on bent-away portions 2 c prevent, as has been ascertained by tests, the sliding over one another of two adjacent staples in the stapling apparatus, so that this disadvantage is also overcome by the invention. Since, as shown in Figure 4, the legs are inwardly bent before the leg ends come against the groove 7, the latter can be fully dispensed with, which is of great practical importance, especially in the case of stapling of cardboards, in which it is not possible or desired to provide a groove As tests have already shown, this inward bending of the leg ends is mainly the result of the inclined portions 2 c. 3 S For the reliable stapling the staples should be designed in accordance with the following principles: The angle which the bent-away portion 2 c forms with the straight portion b of the staple leg 2 must not be great enough to cause the two bent-away portions 2 c to act in the manner of spreading members during the stapling process that is to exert excessive pressure laterally on the guiding parts 10 of the stapling apparatus, when they are driven in the direction of the arrows 4 into the material to be stapled The angle 12 of the bent-away leg portions 2 a must also not be great enough to cause the leg ends to bend over in the material to be stapled, irstead of penetrating tbrough the material. when this material is hard The angles which the parts 2 a and 2 c of the staple leg form with the straight portion 2 of the leg and which in Figure 3 are marked 11 and 12 have therefore preferably a size between 5 and 20 , preferably a size between 6 and 12 In this respect the thickness of the wire and the hardness of the material to be 60 stapled must be taken into account The same consideration is necessary as regards the length of the bent-away portions 2 a and 2 c with respect to the total length of the leg A suitable design has been found to be 65 one, in which for each leg the length b of the straight leg portion amounts to at least about 40 % of the entire length of the leg, whilst the two bent-away leg portions 2 a and 2 c each amount to at most about 30 % 70 of the entire length of the leg.

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* GB784811 (A)

Description: GB784811 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Switching device with l-shaped contact bars in switchgear

Description of GB784811 (A)

PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of Application and filing Complete l____i Specification: Oct 14, 1955 p Complete Specification Published: Oct 16, 1957. Index at Acceptance:-Class 38 ( 5), 22 C 6 E, 53 (A 3: K). International Classification:-HO 2 b. 784,811 Jo 29416/55. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Switching Device with L-shaped Contact Bars in Switchgear We, ALL Is-CHALME Rs MANUFACTURING COMPANY, a Corporation organised under the laws of the State of Delaware, United States of America, of Post Box 512, Milwaukee 1, Wisconsin, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention concerns switchgear having a switch withdrawably mounted in a cubicle, and is concerned more particularly with a switching device included therein and having a set of contacts presented by the switch and the cubicle for switching desired auxiliary circuits. In such switchgear the switch is usually withdrawably mounted by an extensible mounting carried by the cubicle to facilitate moving the switch from an operating position to a testing or a repair position In an operating position primary contacts forming part of the switching

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device and presented by the switch are connected with mating primary contacts presented by the cubicle and are in sliding engagement with each other Auxiliary contacts forming a further part of the switching device and presented by the switch and cubicle, are adapted to transmit the desired operating and control signals to or from the switch It is necessary to test the responses of the various operating portions of the switch to predetermined control signals. One object of this invention is to provide an improved switching device which is simple in design and manufacture, and enables the desired operating and test position switching to be obtained without removing the switch from its cubicle. Another object of this invention is to provide an improved switching device which conducts one set of desired signals in an operating position and may conduct another set of signals in a test position. According to the invention a switching device comprising primary and auxiliary conlPrice 3 s 6 d l tacts arranged in switchgear having a switch movably mounted in a cubicle and selectively movable to an operating position and a test position with respect to the cubicle, is characterised in that the auxiliary contacts comprise 50 first contacts carried by the switch for sliding engagement with second contacts carried by the cubicle, an insulator body supported by the second contacts and disposed between them for maintaining them at a predetermined spacing, 55 the second contacts comprising L-shaped contact bars, each of which has a first part and a second part, the first part including an operating contact portion and a test contact portion, means for fastening the first part of the contact 60 bar to the insulator body, means for fastening the second part of the contact bar to the cubicle, the second part supporting the second contacts and the insulator body on the cubicle, the arrangement being such that when the switch 65 is in the operating position the first contacts are in electrically connected engagement with the operating contact portions, and when the switch is moved to the test position the operating contact portions are disconnected and the first 70 contacts are in electrically connected engagement with the test contact portions Thus the switch in its operating position receives through the switching device one set of control signals responsive to the circuit conditions, and for the 75 test position the first contacts of the switching device are moved to the test position so as to effect contact on the test contact portions whereby a set of testing signals may be applied to test the reaction and operation of the switch 80 in response to these testing signals. As load and line conditions change, the switch may be made responsive to a different set of control signals Changing the arrangement of the switching device contact portions 85 in test and operation positions

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is effected by removal of portions of the contact bars and insertion of insulating spacers Many desired arrangements may be so effected This then eliminates the need for replacement of the 90 By entire switching device every time circuit parameters or operating conditions change. Other features of the invention will hereinafter be described and referred to in the appended claims. The invention is illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a fragmental view, partly in section, of a switchgear assembly including a switch extensibly mounted in a cubicle, embodying the invention; Figure 2 is an enlarged isometric fragmentary view showing the stationary or cubicle auxiliary contacts of the switching device mounted in an insulator block; Figure 3 is an enlarged section view of one form of auxiliary contacts of the switching device in accordance with the invention; and Figures 4, 5 and 6 are modifications of the structure shown in Figure 3. Referring to the drawings the switchlgear assembly includes a switch 10 which is extensibly mounted in a cubicle 11 by pantographs 12 The switchgear includes a switching device generally indicated at 16 in Figure 1 and having primary contacts 13 connected withi mating primary contacts 14 carried by cubicle 11 M Iating primary contacts 14 may be connected by buses 15 to a circuit (not shown) in which protection is desired Switch 10 may be moved with respect to the cubicle by operation of screw 18 mounted as shown in cubicle 11 and co-acting with a threaded lug 19 fixed to the switch Rotation of screw 18 will move lug 19 along screw 18 from the position shown in Figure I to the left thus moving switch 10 also to the left and disengaging primary contacts 13 and 14 of the switching device. Auxiliary contacts or circuit connectors form a further part of the switching device 16 and comprise first contacts 20 mounted on and presented by switch 10 for sliding engagement with second contacts 21 Second contacts 21 are mounted in a contact block 22 which is particularly shown in Figure 2 Insulated contact block 22 forms a part of cubicle 11 and mounts the second contacts 21 by bolts 23. Bolts 23 are conductors and extend through contact block 22 to the rear thereof so as to permit attachment of suitable auxiliary circuit conductors in order to effect test operation of switch 10 in response to desired signals. Second contacts 21 support and are spaced apart by an insulator body 24 Insulator body 24 maintains a predetermined spacing between contacts 21. Second contacts 21 comprise a pair of Lshaned contact bars 28 shown more particularly in Figures 3, 4, 5 and 6 Each of the contact bars

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has a first part 29 and a second part 30. The first part includes an operating contact portion 31 and a test contact portion 32, these portions being indicated in Figure 3 It will be noted in the embodiment shown in Figure 3 that these portions 31 and 32 are electrically connected Means, such as rivets 33 or screws 34, may be used to fasten first part 29 of each bar to the insulator body 24 and, where desired, 70 form conducting means between the conductor bars The insulator body 24 is shown as having a rounded end terminating in abutting relationship with the ends of the contact bars so as to be flush therewith and thus present a 75 smooth surface so as to facilitate sliding engagement of the contacts with the opposing contacts 20. Each second part 30 of the contact bars is fastened to insulated contact block 22 by the 80 bolts 23 The second parts 30 totally support the entire assembly including second contacts 21 and body 24. An insulating spacer 38 may be used in conjunction with operating contact portion 31 85 and test contact portion 32 so as to separate these portions and thereby provide two separate circuits, one for the operating position and one for the test position of the switching device 16 as distinct from the construction 90 shown in Figure 3 in which no insulating spacer is used Figures 4, 5 and 6 show various mrodifications for effecting various circuit combinations by the use of insulating spacer 38. It is to be understood that insulating spacer 38 95 may be associated with either one or both of the contact bars 28. Figure 4 illustrates the use of insulating spacer 38 with the upper of the bars 28 so as to separate operating contact portion 31 from test 100 contact portion 32, the insulating spacer being held in position by a rivet 33. Figure 5 shows one of the bars 28 having a long operating contact portion 31 and with the insulating spacer 38 forming the test contact 105 portion 32. Figure 6 shows a modification wherein both bars 28 have insulating spacers 38 separating operating contact portions 31 from test contact portions 32 of each bar 110 Actuation of the switching device of the invention is effected when switch 10 is moved from operating position, as shown in Figure 1 and by the solid fragments of first contacts 20 in Figures 3-6, to its test position as shown by 115 the dotted fragments of first contact 20 in Figures 3-6. As screw 18 is rotated, lug 19 is moved therealong causing movement of switch 10 to the left on pantographs 12 with respect to cubicle 11 120 Primary contacts 13 and 14 are disengaged from each other as the switch 10 is extended, and first contacts 20 of the auxiliary contacts slidingly move from engagement with operating contact portions 31 of

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the respective second 125 contacts 21 to the test contact portions 32 thereof In this condition of the auxiliary contacts switch 10 is then ready to respond to the desired signals applied through conductor bolts 23 and the auxiliary contacts to the 130 784,811 784,811 operating mechanisms of switch 10 to effect operation thereof.

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* GB784812 (A)

Description: GB784812 (A) ? 1957-10-16

Latch mechanism

Description of GB784812 (A)

PATENT SPECIFICATION Date of Application and filing Complete Specification: Oct 24, 1955. &il 784,812 No 30316155. Application made in United States of America on Feb 7, 1955. Complete Specification Published: Oct 16, 1957. Index at Acceptance:-Class 44, BC 6, BD 5 C. International Classification:-E 05 c. COMPLETE SPECIFICATION Latch Mechanism We, FERRO STAMPING COMPANY, a Corporation organized under the laws of the State of Michigan, United States of America, of 1367 Franklin Street, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America, do hereby declare the invention, for which we pray that a Patent may be granted to us, and the method by which it is to be performed, to be particularly described in and by the following statement:- This invention relates to latch mechanism of the type having a rotatable latching rotor which includes a toothed latching wheel and a rotatable member formed with a plurality of latching lobes, the wheel

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and member being rotatable together on the common axis of the rotor and in parallel planes In latch mechanism of this type, the rotor is rotatable in one direction into latched position and in the other direction out of latched position, the mechanism including releasable means which normally prevents rotation of the rotor out of latched position Such latch mechanism includes a keeper in the adjacent door frame, the keeper having fixed rack teeth with which the latching wheel teeth engage. An object of the invention is to provide latch mechanism of the type referred to with an automatic take-up function, so that a tightly latched relation will normally be maintained whilst the latching wheel teeth are in engagement with the teeth of the keeper. The invention will now be described in more detail, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:Figure 1 is an end elevation; Figure 2 is a side elevation, looking to the left in Figure 1; Figure 3 is a fragmentary side elevation, looking to the right in Figure 1; Figure 4 is a plan of the structure shown in Figure 1; Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the relationship of the lobes and wedge cam: this Figure is the opposite way round to Figure 1, and does not correspond to the actual conlPrice 3 s 6 d l struction shown in Figure 1, but is purely diagrammatic; Figure 6 is a fragmentary elevation showing the relationship between the latching rotor and keeper; and 50 Figure 7 is a fragmentary section on the line 7-7, Figure 6, showing the relationship between helical inclined latching teeth on the rotor and correspondingly inclined teeth on the keeper 55 The latch mechanism has a rotatable latching rotor, indicated generally at 10, which has a latching wheel with teeth 12, conveniently in the form of substantially involute gear teeth. The latch mechanism also includes a partial 60 housing 14 and this housing and the teeth 12 coact to support a door or other closure firmly, in the manner best illustrated in Figure 6 In this Figure there is illustrated a keeper 16 having a recess 18 therein provided with a 65 smooth slightly upwardly inclined bottom wall and having its upper surface formed to provide projections 22 which are generally equivalent to rack teeth conjugate to the generally involute teeth 12 of the rotor 10 70 The housing 14 is shaped with an edge wall portion 24 to fit against the inner wall 26 of the recess 18. In use the latch mechanism including the rotor 10 is preferably supported at the edge of 75 a door with the axis of the rotor 10 extending in the plane of the door The keeper plate 16 is mounted at the edge of the door opening in position to receive the tooth portion of the rotor 10 Due to the upward inclination of the 80 bottom wall 20, the door is firmly supported at its free edge and is retained in firmly latched relation by the provision of releasable means normally

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preventing rotation of the latch rotor out of the latched position illustrated in 85 Figure 6. It will be understood that the rotor 10 rotates in one direction during movement into latched position and rotates in the opposite direction during movement out of latched 90 2 784,812 position In order to retain the door latched, releasable means are provided preventing rota-ion of the latch member in the direction required to accompanying movement of the latch out of the latched position In accordance with this invention this releasable means is movable so as to take up slight additional increments of rotation of the rotor toward latched position, and so to maintain the latch always firmly supported against opening movement It is desired to emphasize that the present latch mechanism is operable to prevent opening movement of a door from a partially latched position and will take up so as to prevent slight opening movement of the door from further closed positions thereof. The releasable mechanism for preventing rotation of the rotor toward unlatched position comprises a plurality of latching lobes 30 which are axially spaced from the teeth 12 of the latching wheel The lobes 30 may be formed as an integral part of a unitary body including the teeth 12, or they may be separately formed and rigidly attached thereto In the construction shown the latching wheel has six involute teeth and three latching lobes which coact with other mechanism to prevent rotation of the latch toward unlatched position. Reference is now made to Figure 5 which shows diagrammatically the relationship of parts entering into the retention of the rotor in latched position As seen in this Figure the lobes 30 each include surfaces 32 which are preferably constant rise cam surfaces, or in other words, involute surfaces of a base circle concentric with the axis of the rotor 10 The opposite sides 34 of the lobes are differently shaped for a purpose which will be described. Associated with the lobes 30 is a wedge cam element 40 including an arm portion 42 and a wedge cam portion 44, the surface 46 of which is preferably also a constant rise cam surface or involute in profile. The arm 42 is provided with an elongated opening 48 receiving a pin 50 which connects the arm 42 for rocking movement about the pin 50 but with provision for bodily movement longitudinally of the elongated slot 48. The arm 42 is Drovided with an arcuate slot 52 having a generally arcuate surface 54 engageable with a fixed abutment in the form of a pin 56 Since the surface 54 is arcuate and the surface 46 is generally involute, these two surfaces converge and define therebetween the equivalent of a wedge interposed between the camming surface 32 of a lobe 30 and the fixed abutment 56.

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From an inspection of Figure 5 it will be apparent that the wedge portion 44 of the element 40 is effective to prevent counterclockwise rotation of the rotor 10 It will also be apparent that forces tending to rotate the rotor 10 counterclockwise produce camming forces tending to swing the wedge cam element 40 in a counterclockwise direction However, such movement of the wedge cam element 40 is frictionally opposed by the friction between the fixed abutment 56 and the arcuate surface 54, as well as the frictional forces existing between the lobe surface 32 and the camming 70 surface 46 Since both of these frictional forces oppose cainming of the wedge cam element 40 in a direction to release the rotor 10, it will be apparent that the included angle between the surfaces 46 and 54 considered as a wedge may 75 have a value substantially twice as great as the angle of repose for the materials of which the abutment 56, surface 54, surface 46, and surface 32 are formed This permits a relatively great cam rise on the cam surface 46 or a 80 correspondingly small angular movement of the arm 42. As previously indicated, the surface 34 of the lobe is shaped differenltly from the involute side 32 thereof The wedge cam device 40 is 85 provided with a surface portion 58 co-operable with the surface 34 and particularly the tip 60 of each lobe so that upon rotation of the rotor in the direction resulting from closing movement of the door, the lobe rocks the wedge 90 cam element 40 out of latching position. By properly selecting the angular orientation of the lobes 30 with reference to the teeth 12, an arrangement results in which the latch rotor cams the wedge cam device out of blocking 95 position as the teeth 12 roll over the teeth 22 of the keeper until the housing 14 reaches the position illustrated in Figure 6 If the door is not completely closed so that the wall portion 24 of the housing is spaced from the end wall 100 26 of the recess in the keeper, the latch will operate to prevent opening movement of the door If the door is thereafter caused to move by small increments, such for example as by vibration, further toward fully closed position, 105 suitable spring means bearing against the wedge cam device 40 cause it to follow up so as to prevent return motion of the latch rotor from the furthest latched position which it has reached 110 Referring now to Figures 1 to 4, the construction comprises an angular support plate 62 having a wall 64 normally disposed at the free edge of a door, and a wall 66 disposed at one side of the door Where the latch mech 115 anism is used in an automobile, the wall 66 is normally at the inner surface of the door The wall 64 includes a rearwardly extending flange portion 68 to which is secured suitable lock mechanism, indicated generally at 70, which 120 includes a key-actuated crank 72 for release of the

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latch as will be described. The toothed portion of the latch rotor including the teeth 12 is partially housed within the housing 14 previously referred to, 125 which housing includes a mounting flange 74 welded or otherwise secured as indicated at 76 to the outer surface of the plate 64 At the opposite side of the plate 64 from the toothed portion of the rotor 10 is provided the lobe 130 784,812 rotor 10 automatically shifts the wedge cam arm 78 out of wedging position, but the wedge cam arm moves back to wedging position under the influence of the spring 86 as soon as the door is closed The wedging action of the wedge 70 cam arm prevents any slight reverse rotation of the latching teeth and since the spring continues to urge the wedge cam arm in wedging direction, it will follow up any further additional incremental movements in rotation of 75 the latching teeth if the door moves slightly further toward latched position In order to open the door it is necessary to release the wedge cam arm and this may be accomplished by swinging the wedge cam arm 78 in clockwise 80 direction, as seen in Figure 1 This may be accomplished by pressing on the flange 90 of the arm through suitable outside handle mechanism or by inside remote control handle mechanism coupled to an opening indicated at 85 114 in the lever 100. Referring now to Figures 6 and 7 there is illustrated an arrangement in which the latching teeth 12 are helical and are associated with inclined teeth 22 on the keeper plate 16 90 As best illustrated in Figure 7, one of the teeth 12 engages the innermost tooth 22 of the keeper plate It will be appreciated that for the door to move toward unlatched position will require movement of the latch rotor having the latched 95 tooth 12 in the direction of the arrow designated at 116, which movement is of course prevented since rotation of the rotor is prevented by the wedge cam device previously described However, it will further be observed that due to the 100 inclined relationship of the latch teeth 12 and the engaged tooth 22 of the keeper, movement of the tooth 12 (and hence of the entire latch mechanism) relative to the keeper in the direction of the arrows 118 is effectively 105 prevented As a result of this construction the interengagement between the latching teeth of the latch rotor and keeper provides a firm connection between the door and frame of the vehicle longitudinally of the vehicle As a 110 result of this the door becomes a structural part of the vehicle frame. The exact helix angle of the teeth 12 or angularity of the teeth 22 is not critical except that in order to retain a firm and effective 115 engagement, the angle should be substantial. It will of course be apparent that if the teeth 12 of the latch rotor have a helix angle of zero degrees, they will have no effect whatever tending to cause the door to take up longitu 120 dinal stresses, but

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will be perfectly effective to retain the door in latched position At the other extreme, the helix angle of the teeth must not be too large since closing movement of the door is required to produce rotation of the 125 latch rotor For practical purposes the helix angle of the teeth 12 on the rotor will normally be between 30 degrees and 60 degrees It will be apparent that the hand of the teeth 12 and the direction of inclination of the teeth 22 are 130 portion thereof having the lobes 30, as best seen in Figure 1 Mounted in the plane of the portion of the rotor containing the lobes 30 is a lever or arm 78, this arm being mounted for rotation about a pin 80 and including an enlarged opening providing for some freedom of movement of the arm 78 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the pin 80 The arm 78 is provided with an arcuate slot 82 through which extends a fixed abutment pin 84 A spring 86 is provided surrounding the pin 80 and includes an end portion 88 engageable with a laterally bent flange 90 on the arm 78 With the parts in the position illustrated in Figure 1, it will be apparent that rotation of the lobes 30 in a clockwise direction is prevented by the wedge action of the portion of the arm 78 intermediate the lobe 30 and the fixed abutment 84 The camming surface 92 of the arm 78 engages the involute surface 94 of the lobe 30. In order to free the rotor 10 for the free rotation required to move the door to open position, the arm 78 is rocked in a clockwise direction, as seen in Figure 1 for example by pressure applied against the flange 90 In an actual door construction the flange 90 may be engaged by suitable actuating means such as a handle-controlled lever or a push button at the outside of the door. The spring 88 is effective to cause the camming surface 92 of the wedge cam element 78 to follow up any movement of the lobes 30 of the rotor. As is customary in automobile door latches, additional means are provided for actuating the latch release mechanism This means comprises an actuating lever 100 pivoted to the plate 66 at 102 The lever 100 includes a projection 104 movable into the path of a hook shaped portion 106 on the wedge cam arm 78 so as to block movement of the arm 78 to latch release position The lever 100 is provided with an opening 108 receiving one end of the key actuated crank 72, which, on rotation by the key in the lock 70, will rock the lever 100 into or out of position to block release movement of the wedge cam arm 78 The lever 100 includes a projecting arm 110 which overlies the hook portion 106 of the wedge cam arm 78 so that the wedge cam arm 78 may be moved to latch release position by such rocking movement of the actuating lever 100 The lever 100 includes an elongated slot 112 for connection with the usual push button actuator provided on automobile

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doors, by means of which the lever may be moved into or out of position to block release movement of the wedge cam arm 78. From the foregoing description it will be apparent that when mounted on the edge of a door for coaction with the keeper plate as indicated in Figure 6, the door may be slammed shut which will result in rotation of the latch teeth 24 relative to the stationary rack teeth 22 of the keeper plate This rotation of the latch 784,812 required to conform and will be in the direction such that engagement between a single tooth 12 and a single tooth 22 is effective to oppose both opening movement of the door and longitudinal separation between the free edge of the door and the adjacent portion of the door opening.

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