4/28 Focus: Important Terms Do Now:
Military technology and disease allowed the Spanish to quickly conquer Native people in the Americas. Important Terms Encomienda System Do Now: Identify one way that the Inca adapted to their physical geography and environment. European Exploration and Imperialism in the Americas
Spain The Encounter Oct. 1492 Columbus lands in the West Indies
Encounters Native Americans Initial relations between Spanish and Native Americans were friendly This changed when the Spanish tried to exploit Native Americans and their lands for profit Motives for Spanish Imperialism
God, Gold, and Glory God: Spanish wanted to convert Native Americans to Christianity Missionaries: priests who came to the Americas to convert Native Americans Gold: acquire wealth for Spain Glory: personal wealth and power Conquistadors Spanish soldiers who came to North and South America for God, Gold, Glory Conquered native people throughout the Americas Guns germs (disease) iron weapons the horse Conquistadors Hernan Cortez Explored Mexico
Conquered the Aztec Empire in 1519 Conquistadors Francisco Pizarro Explored south America
Destroyed the Incan Empire in 1532 Missions A religious community that usually included a town, surrounding farmland, and a church Spanish Colonial Economy
Treasures from the Americas! Was based on: mining gold and silver Farming sugar cane on plantations The Encomienda System Forced Native Americans to pay tribute or provide labor to Spanish landowners The Encomienda System Disease and overwork killed large numbers of Native Americans Led Spanish to start bringing slaves from Africa to work plantations Bartolome de la Casas Spanish priest who convinced the Spanish govt to pass a law which forbid using Indians as slaves Led to Spain using Africans as slaves Known as the protector of the Indians The Spanish Class Structure in the Americas
Peninsulares People born in Spain Creoles People born in America with Spanish parents Mestizos People with mixed Spanish and Native American/African parents Mulattoes Native Americans African Slaves Spanish Class Structure in the Americas
Peninsulares People born in Spain; owned the land; ran govt Creoles Born to Spanish parents in the Americas Mesitzos & Mulattoes People with Spanish and Indian/African parents Native Americans & Enslaved Africans Spanish Government in the Americas
Spanish Viceroyalties Spain divided its territory into 4 provinces Each province run by a viceroy appointed by king Closure Identify three reasons that Spanish conquistadors came to the Americas. What was the Encomienda System? Why did Spain begin bringing in African slaves as labor on their plantations?