42629 lecture 4 pt4
DESCRIPTION
Exercise Summary and Creativity MethodsTRANSCRIPT
Fixation & Creativity Sum-UpThomas J Howard & Morten Friis Olivariushttps://sites.google.com/site/thomasjameshowardhomepage/[email protected]
Unless otherwise stated, this material is under a Creative Commons 3.0 Attribution–Share-Alike licence and can be freely modified, used and redistributed but only under the same licence and if including the following statement:
“Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark”
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Measuring Cup: Jansson & Smith’s Results----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Control Fixation----------------------------------------------------------------------------------• Number of designs per group 2.8 2.9
• Number of incrementally variable designs 57% 78%
• Number without overflow devices 17% 54%
• Number highly similar to example 7% 50%
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2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Spill-Proof Cup: Jansson & Smith’s Results----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Control Fixation----------------------------------------------------------------------------------• Number of designs per group 4.1 3.4
• Number designs that leak 30% 39%
• Number designs with a straw 1% 17%
• Number designs with a mouthpiece 10% 39%
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2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Bicycle Rack: Jansson & Smith’s Results----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Control Fixation----------------------------------------------------------------------------------• Number of designs per group 4.5 4.3
• Number top mounted designs 59% 71%
• Number with suction cups 6% 54%
• Number with tyre rails 15% 48%
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2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Questions
?Video
Creativity and problem solvingThomas J. Howardhttps://sites.google.com/site/thomasjameshowardhomepage/[email protected]
Unless otherwise stated, this material is under a Creative Commons 3.0 Attribution–Share-Alike licence and can be freely modified, used and redistributed but only under the same licence and if including the following statement:
“Original material by Thomas J. Howard for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark”
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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The Double Diamond Process
Divergent phases are where creativity is required the most to generate and synthesise new ideas
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Sources
TRIZ – Theory of Inventive Problem Solving, Altshuler 90
Hands on Systematic Innovation – Darrell Mann
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Phase 1 Creativity
How to find the right problem and project
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Phase 1 Creativity
3 methods that help you to decide which project to choose and which problem to solve:
– S-Curve analysis– 9 Windows operator– Ideal final result
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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S-Curves: Maturity of the Technology
Darrell Mann
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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S-Curves: Road-mapping the future
Darrell Mann
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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9 Windows: Which problems to solve
Darrell Mann
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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9 Windows: Swimming pool lane dividers
Lane dividers in operation
Swimming pool, users,
water
Lane divider float and
cable
Assemble parts and customise
Storage, installation, tensioning
Manufacture of
components
Disassembly and
maintenance
Corrosion, loosening,
drying
Re-use, re-cycle,
disposal
Darrell Mann
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Current solution space
Increasing range of options
Alternative solution space
Clothes that clean themselves
Clean clothes without washing powder
Re-usable washing powder
Clean clothes without water
Reuse of washing water
Clean clothes without washing
machine
Etc…
Ideal Final Result
Jamie O’Hare
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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time
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Phase 2 Creativity
How to generate and search for solutions
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Phase 2 Creativity
3 methods that help guide the designer towards solutions based on historical innovation:
– Contradiction Matrix / Inventive Principles– Sweeper– Trends of evolution
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Contradiction Matrix / Inventive Principles
TRIZ general problem
Your specific problem
TRIZ general solution
Your specific solution
Abstract
Reality1
2
3
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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1
TRIZ general problem
Your specific problem
39 Parameters of contradiction matrix
Identify Contradictions
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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2
35 3 2 27 29 5 26 30 28 29 26 35 35 3
2 24 28 11 15 8 36 34 26 32 18 19 24 37
6 13 2 27 19 15 1 10 25 28 2 26 1 28
1 32 28 11 29 26 39 17 15 35 15 35
28 29 1 27 2 5 35 1 2 13 27 26 6 28 8 28 35 1
15 16 36 13 13 16 11 9 15 1 11 1 1 10 28
25 2 6 13 12 26 15 34 32 26 1 34 15 1
13 15 1 25 1 32 1 16 12 17 12 3 28
2 27 2 27 1 12 7 1 35 1 34 35 1 32
35 11 35 11 26 15 16 4 13 11 7 13 10
1 6 19 15 15 34 1 16 15 29 1 27 34 35 28
15 8 29 16 1 16 7 4 37 28 35 6 37+35 Adaptability or versatility
+ All
34 Ease of repair + All
32 Ease of manufacture
33 Ease of operation
2 Weight of stationary object All +
1 Weight of moving object + All
33 34 35 36 37 38 39
Dif
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Ex
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Pro
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1 2
Ea
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op
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Ea
se
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Ad
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ers
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We
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Worsening Feature
ImprovingFeature
TRIZ general problem
TRIZ general solution
Identify Solution Principles
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Apply solution principles to situation
Principle 1. SegmentationDivide an object into independent parts.
• Replace mainframe computer by personal computers.
• Replace a large truck by a truck and trailer.
• Use a work breakdown structure for a large project.
Make an object easy to disassemble.
• Modular furniture
• Quick disconnect joints in plumbing
Increase the degree of fragmentation or segmentation.
• Replace solid shades with Venetian blinds.
• Use powdered welding metal instead of foil or rod to get better penetration of the joint.
TRIZ general solution
Your specific solution
3
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Apply solution principles to situation
TRIZ general solution
Your specific solution
3
Principle 35. Parameter changesChange an object's physical state (e.g. to a gas, liquid, or solid)
• Freeze the liquid centres of filled candies, then dip in melted chocolate, instead of handling the messy, gooey, hot liquid.
• Transport oxygen or nitrogen or petroleum gas as a liquid, instead of a gas, to reduce volume.
Change the concentration or consistency.
• Liquid hand soap is concentrated and more viscous than bar soap at the point of use, making it easier to dispense in the correct amount and more sanitary when shared by several people.
Change the degree of flexibility.
• Use adjustable dampers to reduce the noise of parts falling into a container by restricting the motion of the walls of the container.
• Vulcanize rubber to change its flexibility and durability.
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Sweeper: The approach
Previous specification
New specification
Previous solution
New solution
Abstract
Reality1
2
3
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Sweeper: The software tool
Howard, Thomas J.; Culley, Steve J.; Dekoninck, Elies A. (2011): Reuse of ideas and concepts for creative stimuli in engineering design Journal of Engineering Design , 22(8), 565-581 , doi:10.1080/09544821003598573
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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35 trends of evolution have been identified
Steps:
1. Browse the trends to identify where technology exists on trend.
2. Look at the following technologies in the trend
3. Apply new technology to current situation
Trends of Evolution
General trend of technology
Your specific technology
Next solution in trend
Your next solution
1
2
3
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Trends of Evolution
Monolithic solid
Hollow structure
Multiple hollows
Capillary / porous
Monolithic solid
Space Segmentation
trend of evolution
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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General Creativity Methods
3 methods that help you to remove cognitive inertia and produce solutions:
– SCAMPER– Smart Little People– 6 thinking hats
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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SCAMPER checklist
Substitute - components, materials, people
Combine - mix, combine with other assemblies or services, integrate
Adapt - alter, change function, use part of another element
Modify - increase or reduce scale, change shape, modify attributes (eg colour)
Put - to another use
Eliminate - remove elements, simplify, reduce to core functionality
Reverse - turn inside out or upside down, also use of reversal
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Smart Little People
Imagine that the system you are analysing consists of many clever, ingenious small objects or people, that can make decisions
individuallyand as a group.
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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DeBono’s 6 Thinking Hats
A group creativity method where everyone is assigned a thinking roll (and get to wear coloured hats!)
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Summary
• The tools and methods are not essential but may help you to overcome some barriers and inspire new solutions
• Try to use the right tools at the right time
• Prepare for your sessions and have a goal
Thank you for participating today, your feedback would be much appreciated:
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/viewform?formkey=dG9PYjVYQWFUR1VMUUhibXJZR0FnTmc6MQ#gid=0
2012Material compiled for course 42629 – Innovation and Product Development Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Technical University of Denmark
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Questions
?