4. manual turbina pelton 1

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UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DEL

CENTRO DEL PERU

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA MECÁNICA

DEPARTAMENTO DE ENERGIA Y CIENCIAS BASICAS

LABORATORIO DE TERMOHIDRAULICA II

DR. MARIO MIGUEL HUATUCO GONZALESDOCENTE Y JEFE DE PRÁCTICAS

MANUAL PARA ENSAYO EN

TURBINAS PELTON



LABORATORIO DE TERMOHIDRÁULICA II FIM-UNCP

HUANCAYO, 2009-I

MG. MARIO MIGUEL HUATUCO GONZALES 2009-I2




OBJETIVO

Dee!"#$%! &%' ()!*%' (%!%(e!+'#(%' e& )$(#$%"#e$ e &%)!/#$% PELTON e &% F%()&% e I$e$#e!+% "e(1$#(% "e#%$e

%' e3e!#"e$%&e'





RESUMEN

E& e$'%4 e$ e& ")& e )!/#$%' Pe&$ ($'#'e e$ /e$e! !%#(%' e &%' ()!*%'

(%!%(e!+'#(%' e &% )!/#$%, e$ e& L%/!%!# e Te!"5#!1)&#(% e &% F%()&% e

I$e$#e!+% Me(1$#(% e &% UNCP, 3%!% %#%$6%! &' ($(#"#e$' %7)#!#' e$ ()!''

3!e&#"#$%!e'

L% #$%&#% e' %$%&#6%! e& ("3!%"#e$ e &% )!/#$% % 3%!#! e &%' !%#(%' e ()!*%'

(%!%(e!+'#(%' /e$#%'

P%!% e& ee( 'e&e((#$%"' )$% %&)!% e (%!% ($!&% 3! e& "%$8"e!

#$'%&% e$ &% /"/% H#!'%& 7)e '#")&% e& '%& 5#!1)&#(, 'e "#e e& (%)%& e$ e&

*e!ee! 4 (&(%$ *%!#' 3e'' e$ e& !e$ P!$4 'e "%$ &e()!%' e &% *e&(#%

%$)&%! e &% )!/#$%, &e()!% e$ e& #$%"8"e! 4 &% e"3e!%)!% e& %)%. C" %'

e #'e 'e #e$e e& 1$)& e '%&#% e& %&%/e e :0;

F#$%&"e$e 'e e/e 3!(e'%! &' %' /e$#', 4 &)e !%#(%! &%' #'#$%' ()!*%'

(%!%(e!+'#(%' e &% )!/#$%.





INTRODUCCION

E& 3!e'e$e ()"e$ e' )$ "%$)%& 3%!% e& e$'%4 e )!/#$%' Pe&$ %

!e%&#6%!'e e$ e& &%/!%!# e Te!"5#!1)&#(% e &% FIM

E& e$'%4 ($'#'e e$ %$%&#6%! e& )$(#$%"#e$ e& ")& e &% )!/#$% 3e&$

7)e e#'e e$ e& &%/!%!#, &% "% e %' )e /%'% e$ e& )$(#$%"#e$ e &%

)!/#$%, ($ e& #$ e /e$e! &% ()!*% (%!%(e!+'#(% e &% )!/#$%.

E& e$'%4 'e! 5% !#e$% e'e e& 3)$ e *#'% e3e!#"e$%& 4% 7)e 'e 3)ee

e$($!%! )!/#$%' e$ &)%! %e"1' e ') %3&#(%(#8$ e$ &% e$e!%(#8$ e e$e!+%

e&<(!#(%= (" 3%!e e &% !"%(#8$ e& e')#%$e e$ #$e$#e!+% "e(1$#(%.

L% e'!)()!% e& #$!"e ($'% e )$% (%!1)&%, />e#*, !e')"e$, #$!)((#8$, "%!(

e8!#( e& e$'%4, !e&%(#8$ e e7)#3' 4? "%e!#%&e', 3!(e#"#e$ e& e$'%4, %/&% e

!e#'! e %', %/&% e %' 3!(e'%', !1#(', ($(&)'#$e' 4 !e("e$%(#$e' 4

#$%&"e$e !ee!e$(#%' /#/&#!1#(%'.

P)ee$ 3!e'e$%!'e &#"#%(#$e' e !e$ e (%3%(#% e "%$#/!% e& e')#%$e e$ &%

/"/% e$ &% )!/#$%, %& *e6 e$ &% &e()!% e %', 3e! e&& 'e ')3e!% ($ &%

3%!#(#3%(#8$ 'e!#% 4 3!)$% e$ e& e$'%4 e3e!#"e$%&.





OBJETIVO

Dee!"#$%! &%' ()!*%' (%!%(e!+'#(%' e& )$(#$%"#e$ e &% )!/#$% PELTON e &%

%()&% e I$e$#e!+% "e(1$#(% "e#%$e %' e3e!#"e$%&e'

MARCO TE@RICO

TURBINAS PELTON.

E'e #3 e )!/#$% )e (!e%% 4 3%e$%% e$ :9 3! e& $!e%"e!#(%$ Le'e! A&&%$

Pe&$.

E& 3!#$(#3# e )$(#$%"#e$ e' !e&%#*%"e$e '#"3&e, 4% 7)e ($'#)4e )$% e*&)(#8$

&8#(% e &% %$#)% !)e% 5#!1)&#(%.

P'ee &%' "e>!e' (%!%(e!+'#(%' 3%!% !%$e' %&)!%', 4 e'e &)e e' &% $#(%

"17)#$% (%3%6 e )$(#$%! ($ %&)!%' ')3e!#!e' % :.00 ".

S$ $%/&e' ') ')%*#% e #! 4 ') /)e$ )$(#$%"#e$ % (%!% 3%!(#%&. E$ &% #)!%

'e ")e'!% &% #'3'#(#8$ +3#(% e )$% )!/#$% Pe&$.

L% /e!% &%$6% % &% %"8'e!% )$ (5!! e %&% *e&(#% 7)e #$(#e '/!e )$% 'e!#e e

()(5%!%' 1&%/e' "$%' e$ &% 3e!#e!#% e )$% !)e%.

E& 3%! e>e!(# 3! e& #"3%( 4 &% e'*#%(#8$ e& (5!! 3!*(% e& #! e &% !)e%. U$%

*e6 !%$'"##% ') e$e!+% % &% !)e%, e& %)% '%&e e &' 1&%/e' % *e&(#%

!e&%#*%"e$e /%>% 4 e' #!##% 5%(#% e& (%$%& e e'%e.

P! %$, &% )!/#$% 5% e e'%! (&(%% % ')#(#e$e %&)!% '/!e e& $#*e& "1#" e

(!e(#% 3%!% %'e)!%! e& e!!%"e &#/!e.

E$ &% )!/#$% Pe&$ %()%&, &% e$e!+% (#$<#(% e& %)%, e$ !"% e (5!! &#/!e, 'ee$e!% e$ )$% /e!% (&(%% %& #$%& e &% )/e!+% % 3!e'#8$.

L% /e!% e'1 3!*#'% e )$% %)>% e (#e!!e 3%!% !e)&%! e& %', ($'#)4e$ e$

($>)$, e& 8!%$ e %&#"e$%(#8$ 4 e !e)&%(#8$ e &% )!/#$%.

E$()e$!% >)'% %3&#(%(#8$ &% )!/#$% Pe&$, e$ %7)e&&' %3!*e(5%"#e$' 5#!1)&#('

$e &% 3$e!%(#8$ e &% (%!% e' #"3!%$e !e'3e( %& (%)%&.





L% *e&(#% e'3e(##(% e' /%>%, e$!e :0 4 0 e$ e& '#'e"% "e!#( 4 e$!e 2 4 :2 e$ e&

'#'e"% #$&e' %3!#"%%"e$e, '#e$ 3!ee!#/&e' *%&!e' (e$!%&e' e$!e e'' &#"#e'

3! !%6$e' e& !e$#"#e$, e& ()%& e' e& !e$ e& 90 4 'e ($'e!*% /%'%$e /#e$ %

(%!% 3%!(#%&.

E$!e &%' )!/#$%' Pe&$ "%' !%$e' #$'%&%%' 5%'% e& ""e$ 'e e$()e$!%$ &%' e

M$- Ce$#' A&3e' !%$(e'e' e 22000 HP (%% )$%, /%> 0 " e (%!%.

ELEMENTOS CONSTITUTIVOS DE TURBINAS PELTON.

U$% #$'%&%(#8$ +3#(% e T)!/#$%' Pe&$ ($'% e &' '#)#e$e' e&e"e$'

:-. C e e$!%%.

2-. I$4e(! !%$'!"% &% e$e!+% e 3!e'#8$ e$ e$e!+% (#$<#(%. L% *e&(#% e& (5!! % &%'%&#% e& #$4e(! e$ %&)$%' #$'%&%(#$e' &&e% % :0 "?'e 4 %$ "1' ($'% e /e!% 4*1&*)&% e %)>%.

K-. T/e!%.

-. V1&*)&% e A)>%.

-. Se!*"!.

-. Re)&%!.

-. M%$ e& e&e(!.

-. De&e(! 3%$%&&% e&e(!%.

9-. C!!.

:0-. Ree.

::-. Á&%/e' ()(5%!%'.

:2-. F!e$ e &% )!/#$%.

:K-. B&#$%>e.

:-. De'!)(! e e$e!+%.

A ($#$)%(#8$ 'e 3!e'e$% )$ #%!%"% e )$% T)!/#$% Pe&$





T)!/#$% Pe&$ ($ #$4e(!e'

CLASIFICACIÓN DE TURBINAS PELTON.

L% (&%'##(%(#8$ "1' e$e!%& 7)e 3)ee 5%(e!'e e &%' )!/#$%' Pe&$ e' e$ #3' e e>e

5!#6$%& 4 #3' e e>e' *e!#(%&

:-. T)!/#$%' Pe&$ e E>e Ve!#(%&

E$ e'e #3 e )!/#$%' Pe&$ e& $)"e! e (5!!' 3! !)e% 'e !e)(e e$e!%&"e$e %

)$ ', 3! !e')&%! ("3&#(%% &% #$'%&%(#8$ e$ )$ 3&%$ *e!#(%& e &%' )/e!+%' e%&#"e$%(#8$ 4 &%' %)>%' e #$4e((#8$.

E'e '#'e"% e "$%>e e$()e$!% %3&#(%(#8$ e$ %7)e&&' (%'' $e 'e #e$e$ %)%'

')(#%' 7)e 3!)(e$ ee!#!' $%/&e %((#8$ %/!%'#*%.

C$ e& e>e 5!#6$%& 'e 5%(e %"/#<$ 3'#/&e #$'%&%! )!/#$%' e"e&%' 3%!% )$ '&

e$e!%! (&(% e$!e %"/%', ($!%!!e'%$ e"3)>e' %#%&e'.

2-.T)!/#$%' Pe&$ e E>e H!#6$%&

E$ e'e #3 e )!/#$%' Pe&$ 'e %(#&#% &% (&(%(#8$ e& '#'e"% e %&#"e$%(#8$ e$ )$

3&%$ 5!#6$%&, & 7)e 3e!"#e %)"e$%! e& $)"e! e (5!!' 3! !)e% % = ($

e' 'e 3)ee #$(!e"e$%! e& (%)%& 4 e$e! "%4! 3e$(#% 3! )$#%.

Se %(!% &% &$#) e& e>e )!/#$%- e$e!%!= 'e %"e$)%$ &%' e(%*%(#$e'= 'e 3)ee

#'"#$)#! e& #1"e! e !)e% 4 %)"e$%! &% *e&(#% e #!, 'e !e)(e e$ #$ e& 3e'e &% )!/#$% 3! )$#% e 3e$(#%.

MG. MARIO MIGUEL HUATUCO GONZALES 2009-I




E' 5%(e 7)e &% )#&#6%(#8$ e e'% #'3'#(#8$ e$ )!/#$%' Pe&$ 'e% "1' *e$%>'% 7)e

&% #'3'#(#8$ 5!#6$%&.

S) %3&#(%(#8$ e' ($*e$#e$e e$ %7)e&&' (%'' $e 'e #e$e$ %)%' &#"3#%' 7)e $

3!)6(%$ !%$ ee( %/!%'#* '/!e &' %&%/e' e #$4e(!e', e/# % 7)e &% #$'3e((#8$

4 &%' !e3%!%(#$e' ($ e'e "$%>e 'e 5%(e$ "%' #+(#&e'.

P! !% 3%!e, &%' )!/#$%' Pe&$ 'e (&%'##(%$ %"/#<$ e$ 'e$(#&&%' )$ !ee 4 )$

(5!! 4 "&#3&e'.

L%' )!/#$%' Pe&$ 'e ")&#3&#(%$ 3! e& $"e! e (5!!', &&%"1$'e Pe&$ /&e,

!#3&e, e(.

L%' )!/#$%' Pe&$ '<)3&e' : !ee e e>e *e!#(%& 4 (5!!' (%4e!$ )$ #e"3 e$

e')', 3! &% ("3&#(%(#8$ 7)e e$!%% ') )<()3&e !e)&%(#8$ #$4e(!e' 4

3%$%&&%' e&e(!%' 4 3! %$, :2 'e!*"!e'

PROPOSITO:

L% e$e!+% ')"#$#'!%% 3! )$% )!/#$% e' "e$! 7)e &% e$!e%% 3! &% (!!#e$e e

%)% 7)e &% %((#$%%. U$% 3%!e e e'% e$e!+% 'e 3#e!e 3! !6%"#e$ "e(1$#(

I$e3e$#e$e e &% 3e$(#% e$!e%% 4 !% 3! !6%"#e$ 5#!1)&#(. L% !e&%(#8$

e$!e &% 3e$(#% e$!e%% 3! &% )!/#$% 4 &% ')"#$#'!%% 3! e& &)# 'e!1 e&

!e$#"#e$.

L% *e&(#% e'3e(+#(% e )$% )!/#$% e' )$ $"e! 7)e 3e!"#e ("3%!%! #*e!'' #3'

e )!/#$%' e$!e '+ 4 &' %' /e$#' e& e$'%4 3e!"##!1 /e$e! #(5 *%&! 3%!%

(%% )!/#$% e$ ()e'#8$.





PROCEDIMIENTO

MG. MARIO MIGUEL HUATUCO GONZALES 2009-I!0




CALCULOS

Tabla de t!a de dat"

D0.2

MG. MARIO MIGUEL HUATUCO GONZALES 2009-I!!




P%!% e& 3!#"e! !%#( 'e #e$eB 53 RPM

76

TH"

ω×=

= R # T ×=

"D# T −==

Ree"3&%6%$ e$ (%% )$

$!000

%$$4!6.!4%$!5.0# T !! ×−==

0!44!6.0!5.0! −= f

%$!355.0# ! =

%$206.0# 2 =

%$426.0# 3 =

%$6272.0# 4 =%$676!6.0# 5 =

%$4296.0# 6 =

&745H"! =

'R(!

)*+2

,60

-/!

-/

'R(!050M!925.0%$!355.0H"B

π××××=

−×

−

=,

M%$76

H"

,

M%$

25!.!H"B

H"!96.076

!050

30!355.0H"B ! =×

π=

H"309.076

00

30206.0H"B 2 =×

π=

H"324.0H"B 3 =

H"!72.0H"B 4 =H"069.0H"B 5 =

G!%#(% B H3 RPM





L' *%&!e' e !3" '$ e'e :00 200 K00 :000 :00Pe$(#% e& !ee H3! H3! RPM

746

!1,% !1$H" !

!

!) ×β+×−×××= −

C%&()& e ,-0000!4!6.00!.04!6.!4!6.! 32525

! ===,-!00!0. 35

2

−×=

,-!00!0. 35

3

−×=

,-!0399.! 34

4

−×=,-!0207.2

34

5

−×=

C%&()& e U *e&(#% %$e$(#%&

6060

NDU!

π=

××π=

D$e D #1"e! e& !eeD 0.2

,-4695.!3U! =,-26.!0U 2 =

,-0554.7U3 =,-5656.2U 4 =,-962!.0U5 =

C%&()& e &% *e&(#% e (5!!P .9 /%! :. "H2O H)

2!

! H$21+C ×××= C 0.977.3645.!!.9292.0C 2!

! =×××=

5432 CCC77.36C ====

746

!!01,9.0!4695.!377.3646.!3!.9000!4!6.0H"

!) ×+×−×××=

H"!0!0!59.!H" 4

!)

−×=

H"!040507.5H" 4

2)

−×=

H"!0!6553.4H" 4

3)

−×=

H"!004534.3H" 4

4)

−×=





H"!060.!H" 4

5)

−×=

G!%#(%$ H3! -RPM

C%&()& e &% !%#(% T RPM-!!25.0%$!355.0R # T

!!!

×=×=

-%$0!659.0T! =

-%$03437.0T2 =

-%$05250.0T3 =

-%$0762.0T4 =

-%$022.0T5 =G!%#(% T "

CONCLUSIONES

RECOMENDACIONES

BIBLIOGRÁFÍA

A# BASICA:

: ACEVEDO, Ne. Ma$%al de &'d()%l'*a. E. HARLA. M<#(, :99.2 MARS. Ma$%al del I$+e$'e( Me*)$'*. E#. M(G!%Q H#&&. M<#(, :992.K SEYMOUR- DOOLITTLE, Je''e. El Lab(at(' del I$+e$'e( Me*)$'*.

E. HASA. B)e$' A#!e'

B# COMPLEMENTARIA

A. MANRIUE, J'<. S. CARDENAS, R%%e&. Te(!d'$)!'*a. E. HARLA.M<#(. :99K.

CACERES NEIRA, A&e>%$!. P(ble!a" de &'d()%l'*a. E#!#%& C#e$(#%'S.R.L%. L#"%-Pe!, 2000.

CORTIJO RIVERA. Me*)$'*a de Fl%'d", Te(-a P(ble!a". E. C#e$(#%'SRL%. L#"%, :99.

HUATUCO GONZALES, M%!#. Ma$%al de Lab(at(' de Te(!/'d()%l'*a.

UNCP. H)%$(%4.:999 HUATUCO GONZALES, M%!#. Ma$%al de Lab(at(' de Te(!/'d()%l'*aA"'"t'd 0( C!0%tad(a. UNCP. H)%$(%4. 2000.

MG. MARIO MIGUEL HUATUCO GONZALES 2009-I

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9 L. MOTT, R/e!. Me(1$#(% e F&)#' A3&#(%%. E. P!e$#(e-H%&&H#'3%$%"e!#(%$% S.A. M<#(. :99.

:0

MATAI, C&%)#. Me*)$'*a de Fl%'d" M)1%'$a &'d()%l'*a". E. HARLA.M<#(. :99K.

:: POTTER C, Me!&e. IGGERT C, D%*#. Me*)$'*a de Fl%'d". E#!#%& P!e$#(eH%&&. M<#(. :99.

:2 RODRGUEZ DIAZ, H<(! A&$'. &'d()%l'*a E20e('!e$tal. E. E'()e&%C&"/#%$% e I$e$#e!+%. C&"/#%, 200:.:K

STREETER-YLIE. Me*)$'*a de l" Fl%'d". E. M(G!%Q H#&&. M<#( 2000.

:

SHAMES, I!*#$ H. Me*)$'*a de Fl%'d". E. M( G!%Q H#&&. M%!#,:99.

:

UGARTE P, F. Me*)$'*a de Fl%'d", Te(-a P(ble!a". E. S%$ M%!('.L#"%, :990.

:

UNI. Lab(at(' de I$+e$'e(-a Me*)$'*a III. L#"% :99.

:

UNI. Lab(at(' de I$+e$'e(-a Me*)$'*a I. L#"% :99.

:

UNI. Lab(at(' de I$+e$'e(-a Me*)$'*a II. L#"% :99.

:9

VIEJO ZUBICARAY. M%$)e&. B!ba"3 Te(-a, D'"e4 A0l'*a*'$e". E.L#")'% S.A. M<#(, 2002.

20

. FO, R/e!-T. M(D$%&, A&%$. I$t(d%**'5$ a la Me*)$'*a de Fl%'d".E. M(. G!%Q H#&&. M<#(.:99.

2: P!##$e, Y. I$t(d%**'5$ a la Te(!d'$)!'*a de l" P(*e"" I((e6e("'ble".

Se&e((#$e' C#e$+#(%', M%!#, :9.

MG MARIO MIGUEL HUATUCO GONZALES 2009 I!5

4. manual turbina pelton 1

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