3rs and waste management in · pdf file3rs and waste management in thailand dr. supat...

3Rs and Waste Management in Thailandg

Dr. Supat WangwongwatanaDirector General

Pollution Control DepartmentMinistry of Natural Resources and Environment

ThailandThailand

Municipal Solid Waste Management :Municipal Solid Waste Management :Generation, Recovery, and DisposalGeneration, Recovery, and Disposal, y, p, y, p

Waste‐to‐

Waste Recovery

Energy, 4%Composting & Biogas, 7%

Recyclables, 89%

Waste disposal

Source: PCD, 2009Source: PCD, 2009

Improper disposed,

53%

Sanitary disposed,

47%,, 53%

Household Waste Utilization

Recycled

15 11

Waste 3.12 mt

Electricity and bio-fuel

Generation15.11million

t

Generation0.11 mt

3.86 million tons(26%)

tons

Bio-fertilize and biogas(26%) and biogas

0.63 mt

Pollution Control Department

EE-- Wastes Management & TrendWastes Management & Trend

WEEE ManagementStorage at sources, 36%

Other, 28%

Junk shop collection, 30%Discarded, 6%

HHW ManagementStorage at

Other, 4%Storage at sources, 7%

Discarded, 21%

Junkshop collection, 68%

Source: HHW & WEEE Inventories, PCD, Source: HHW & WEEE Inventories, PCD, 20082008

Industrial Waste ManagementIndustrial Waste Management

Industrial WasteIndustrial Waste 2121..551551 MTMT

Hazardous Waste

2121..551551 MTMT

2.287 MT (10.61 %)

Non-Hazardous Hazardous

Waste 19.264 MT 19.264 MT (89.39 %)

Source: DIW, 2009

Industrial Waste Utilization)

zati

on (

%)

90 9190

100

% 2008 2009

Was

te U

tiliz

73

60

7573

58

7170

80

90

dust

rial

W

3438

40

50

60

rtio

n o

f In

2228

10

20

30

Pro

po

0

10

Glass Paper Plastic Steel scrap Aluminium Rubber


Impacts of Improper ManagementImpacts of Improper Management

•• Air pollutionAir pollution

•• Leachate / wastewaterLeachate / wastewater

S f t d d tS f t d d t•• Surface water and groundwater Surface water and groundwater contaminationcontamination

•• Land use and ecological damagesLand use and ecological damages

Nuisance and Health risk and its impactsNuisance and Health risk and its impacts•• Nuisance and Health risk and its impactsNuisance and Health risk and its impacts

•• SocioSocio--economic impacteconomic impactpp

Mismanagement of WasteMismanagement of Waste

Co-disposal of HW & MSWIllegal Dumping / Open Dumpingg p g p p g



Lack of awareness & knowledge

No appropriate segregation & collection system

Lac of awar n ss & now g

Poor recycling facilities

No properly disposed


Illegal Trafficking & Dumping of Industrial HWIllegal Trafficking & Dumping of Industrial HW

Illegal Import of HW and E-wastes


No Operational Procedures No Environmental Controls

Current Waste ManagementCurrent Waste Management

St t iSt t iStrategiesStrategiesGovernmentGovernment policy statement and announcementpolicy statement and announcementAwareness raising/ Capacity building / Awareness raising/ Capacity building / Stakeholders’ participationStakeholders’ participationStakeholders participationStakeholders participationCommunity Community -- based solid waste managementbased solid waste managementR&D on R&D on 33Rs (CT/CP/EcoRs (CT/CP/Eco--design, Green products)design, Green products)Promotion for recycling businessPromotion for recycling businessPolicy and Implementation on Green Procurement Policy and Implementation on Green Procurement of Government Sectorof Government Sectorof Government Sectorof Government Sector

Waste Management PolicyWaste Management Policy

Internal Factors External Factors

I t ti l t • Government policy• Socio-economic development

R d i

• International agreements • Trade and environment

I t ti l t d d • Resource and energy conservation• Pollution status

• International standards • Global environmental problems

National Policy on Waste yManagement

Public Private PartnershipIntegrated Technology Clustering Management3Rs Promotions

Waste-to-Energy

Policy and Measures Policy and Measures

Control Waste/Pollutiont d b P d ti &generated by Production &Consumption

3Rs/CT/RoHS

National EnvironmentalNational EnvironmentalQ lit M tQ lit M t

Promote the Private

Restrict Control of

T b d Quality ManagementQuality ManagementPlan Plan 2007 2007 –– 20112011

Sector’s RoleGreen supply

chain/3Rs/CT/

TransboundaryMovement of Wastes

National Agenda onNational Agenda onWaste ManagementWaste Management

chain/3Rs/CT/Eco-designillegal traffic

of HW/2ndhandcommodities

Implement Efficient WM System y

Integrated WM Center (WTE) /CGHW Center

Policy and MeasuresPolicy and Measures

Minimize waste generations Minimize waste generations

ApplyApply 33RsRsApply Apply 33Rs Rs

Promote Green ProductsPromote Green Products

Policy and MeasuresPolicy and Measuresyy

Develop separation Develop separation system for household system for household hazardous waste fromhazardous waste from

endend--ofof--life productslife products

33Rs Capacity BuildingRs Capacity Building

33Rs Rs TrainingTraininggg

Guidelines & Guidelines & ManualsManuals

WasteWaste -- specific containersspecific containersAwareness Awareness

RaisingRaising Waste Waste specific containersspecific containersRaisingRaising

CommunityCommunity-- Based RecyclingBased Recycling

- School recycling programs (Garbage Bank)

- Community buy back centre

Waste donation- Waste donation

- Household composting

- Zero waste programs

Hazardous Waste ManagementHazardous Waste Management•• EE--waste Inventory waste Inventory : Funded by Ministry of the : Funded by Ministry of the

Environment, Japan and cooperation with Environment, Japan and cooperation with Electric and Electronics Institute of Thailand to Electric and Electronics Institute of Thailand to survey survey 6 6 types of Etypes of E--wastes from cradlewastes from cradle--toto--grave grave yy ypyp ggand to recommend effective managementand to recommend effective management

Household Hazardous WasteHousehold Hazardous Waste : To promote: To promote•• Household Hazardous WasteHousehold Hazardous Waste : To promote : To promote system management from source separation to system management from source separation to rec cling and disposal targeted in Bangkokrec cling and disposal targeted in Bangkokrecycling and disposal targeted in Bangkok recycling and disposal targeted in Bangkok metropolitan and metropolitan and 23 23 major municipalitiesmajor municipalities

MultiMulti--Stakeholders CooperationStakeholders Cooperation

•• Cooperate with manufacturers, distributers Cooperate with manufacturers, distributers d iti t t k b k dd iti t t k b k d ff lif lif and communities to take back endand communities to take back end--ofof--life life

productsproductsMobile phone and batteries

Packaging and packaging wastes

Used lead-acid batteries and dry cell batteries

Fluorescent dry cell batterieslamp

33Rs in IndustryRs in Industry

P li i1 P ti P W t M t 3R d Policies1. Promoting Proper Waste Management, 3Rs and

Waste Utilization/MinimizationWaste Utilization/Minimization2. Promoting Eco-Industrial Estate/Park/Town3. Supporting networking among States, Publics,

and Enterprises

33Rs in Industry (cont.)Rs in Industry (cont.)

Projects and ActivitiesProjects and Activities1. Eco-Industrial Development Pilot Project

(At Rojana Industrial Park, Ayutthaya, year 2010 – 2014 ))

• To implement Eco-town Concept and 3R A ti iti i I d t d C itiActivities in Industry and Communities

• To enhance network capacities of Recycling-Oriented Society


Projects and Activities (cont.)Projects and Activities (cont.)Projects and Activities (cont.)Projects and Activities (cont.)2. Waste Utilization Demonstration Projectj

(year 2009 – 2013)- To promote 3Rs activities in Industrial

Waste management Waste management - To reduce waste to landfill To reduce waste to landfill


Projects and Activities (cont.)Projects and Activities (cont.)j ( )j ( )3. Metal Recovery Project (year 2009 – 2012)

- To conduct simplified metal recovery technology for E-waste

- To transfer simplified technology for commercialscommercials

Management ConstraintsManagement Constraints

•• Less concerns on waste separation, reuse, and Less concerns on waste separation, reuse, and recyclingrecycling

•• Insufficient financial support for Insufficient financial support for 33Rs activities and Rs activities and Insufficient financial support for Insufficient financial support for 33Rs activities and Rs activities and related infrastructuresrelated infrastructuresU t i t i k t i f l bl tU t i t i k t i f l bl t•• Uncertainty in market prices of recyclable wastesUncertainty in market prices of recyclable wastes

•• Lack of R&D on Lack of R&D on 33Rs modern technologiesRs modern technologies•• Limitations of system management for WEEE and Limitations of system management for WEEE and

hazardous wasteshazardous wasteshazardous wasteshazardous wastes•• Lacks of mechanisms to promote private Lacks of mechanisms to promote private

i t t t ti t t t tinvestment on waste managementinvestment on waste management

33Rs AchievementRs Achievement

•• Government Green ProcurementGovernment Green Procurement•• Government Green ProcurementGovernment Green Procurement-- Lists of green products and services Lists of green products and services

((19 19 products and products and 4 4 services)services)-- Guideline and criteria for green procurementGuideline and criteria for green procurement-- Capacity building for stakeholdersCapacity building for stakeholders-- Road map for promotion of green products Road map for promotion of green products p p g pp p g p

Government Green Procurement

Government must take lead in green procurementkto promote green market

GreenProcurement

Production• EMS

Consumptionh h ld

Green Market • EMS• LCA• Eco-design

• household• government• Private companies

Eco-product

Government Green Procurement Targets on Number of Government Agencies

75

100

90100

50

75

708090

25

50

405060

%25

203040

01020

2008 2009 2010 20112008 2009 2010 2011

Government Green ProcurementTargets on Amount of

Green Products to be ProcuredGreen Products to be Procured

6060

4050

60

2530

30

40% 5

20

30

0

10

02008 2009 2010 2011


•• National National 33Rs ConferenceRs Conference

To introduce To introduce 33Rs principle, policy and strategies Rs principle, policy and strategies

as well as transfer knowledge, experience and best as well as transfer knowledge, experience and best

practices among government business NGOs andpractices among government business NGOs andpractices among government, business, NGOs and practices among government, business, NGOs and

civil society in civil society in 4 4 regions of Thailand ( Central, North, regions of Thailand ( Central, North,

Northeast and South)Northeast and South)


•• Thailand Waste Recovery Center (TWRC)Thailand Waste Recovery Center (TWRC)Thailand Waste Recovery Center (TWRC)Thailand Waste Recovery Center (TWRC)

To develop To develop 33Rs database and information Rs database and information

technology as knowledge hub for dissemination technology as knowledge hub for dissemination

ofof 33Rs knowledge technologies experiencesRs knowledge technologies experiencesof of 33Rs knowledge, technologies, experiences, Rs knowledge, technologies, experiences,

and best practices through cyber networkand best practices through cyber network


•• 33Rs Regulation DevelopmentRs Regulation Development•• Develop master law for promotion of waste Develop master law for promotion of waste

reduction, reuse and recycling from up stream reduction, reuse and recycling from up stream processes to final disposalprocesses to final disposal

•• Basic principle of the law include resource Basic principle of the law include resource p pp pefficiency, extended producer responsibility, efficiency, extended producer responsibility, public private partnership and economic public private partnership and economic instruments instruments


•• National National 33Rs Strategic PlanRs Strategic Plan•• Supported by UNEP RRC.AP under the project Supported by UNEP RRC.AP under the project

of Advance Waste Management in Asia and the of Advance Waste Management in Asia and the Pacific (AWMAP)Pacific (AWMAP)

•• ObjectiveObjective : To develop nationalTo develop national 33R policy, goalR policy, goalObjectiveObjective : To develop national To develop national 33R policy, goal R policy, goal and strategies as direction of environmental and strategies as direction of environmental sound management of wastes for all sound management of wastes for all stakeholdersstakeholders

•• 33Rs strategyRs strategy : Apply various principles and Apply various principles and measures of waste management such as measures of waste management such as resource efficiency, sustainable consumption, resource efficiency, sustainable consumption, 33R ti t t t d di lR ti t t t d di l33Rs promotion, proper treatment and disposal Rs promotion, proper treatment and disposal of waste residuesof waste residues

Future VisionFuture Vision

•• Integrated Management of Integrated Management of 33Rs and WTERs and WTE

Sold for reuse/recyclingSold for reuse/recycling y gy g

ResiduesResiduesCompostCompost

RecyclableRecyclable ““33Rs”Rs”

“WTE”

Generated WasteGenerated WasteHeat/ElectricityHeat/ElectricityNN b tibl /b tibl /

RDFRDFyy

I i tiI i tiAshAsh

NonNon--combustible/combustible/NonNon--decomposedecompose

IncinerationIncinerationLandfillLandfill Credit/used/soldCredit/used/sold

Future VisionFuture Vision•• EcoEco--Industrial DevelopmentIndustrial Development

- Develop and transfer sound management and 3RsDevelop and transfer sound management and 3Rs technologies for sustainable resource and energy consumptions with pilot projects on selectedconsumptions with pilot projects on selected industries

- Full scale study and planning for development of eco-industrial zone/eco industrial park/eco-town projects p p jand related businesses

Future VisionFuture Vision

•• Linkage of Linkage of 33Rs and Sustainable DevelopmentRs and Sustainable Development

Sustainable Production and ConsumptionConsumption

Global Warming/CDM3Rs

Principle Poverty/Job Opportunity

Trade and Environment

Resource and EnergyResource and Energy Conservation and Recovery

33Rs Ultimate GoalRs Ultimate Goal

Sustainable Development SocietySustainable Development Society

RResources

ConsumptionWastes

Conclusions and RecommendationsConclusions and Recommendations

33Rs Key IssuesRs Key Issues• Integrate 3Rs principle into national environmentalIntegrate 3Rs principle into national environmental

and socio-economy policiesClear Statement and communication on 3Rs policy• Clear Statement and communication on 3Rs policy, goal and strategies.

• Awareness raising ,education, participation programs and capacity building

• Finance / funding 3Rs programs• R&D on related 3Rs infrastructures or technologiesg• Develop related management tools (laws/

regulations economy instruments)regulations, economy instruments)

For More Information Please Contact:For More Information Please Contact:

Pollution Control Department,92 Soi Phahonyothin 7 Phahonyonthin92 Soi Phahonyothin 7, Phahonyonthin Rd., Phayathai, Bangkok 10400, Thailand

Tel: +66 2298 2121F +66 2298 2129Fax: +66 2298 2129

E mail: supat w@pcd go thE-mail: [email protected]

Website: http://www.pcd.go.thWebsite: http://www.pcd.go.th

3rs and waste management in · pdf file3rs and waste management in thailand dr. supat...

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