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3rd INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC
CONFERENCE ON THE DEVELOPEMENT
OF INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING:
Opportunities, potentials, challenges
3. MEDNARODNA ZNANSTVENA
KONFERENCA RAZVOJA
INDUSTRIJSKEGA INŽENIRINGA:
priložnosti, potenciali, izzivi
Conference Proceedings Abstracts
Zbornik povzetkov
3rd
INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC
CONFERENCE ON THE
DEVELOPEMENT OF INDUSTRIAL
ENGINEERING:
Opportunities, potentials, challenges
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Zbornik povzetkov | Conference Proceedings Abstracts
3. mednarodna znanstvena konferenca razvoja industrijskega inženiringa: PRILOŽNOSTI, POTENCIALI,
IZZIVI, Otočec pri Novem mestu, 16. april 2018
3rd International Scientific Conference on the Developement of Industrial Engineering: OPPORTUNITIES,
POTENTIALS, CHALLENGES, Otočec pri Novem mestu, 16 april 2018
Organizator konference in založnik zbornika | Conference Organizer and Publisher of Proceedings:
Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring Novo mesto | Faculty of Industrial Engineering Novo mesto
Kraj | Place: Šegova ulica 112, Novo mesto
Leto izida | Year: 2018
Urednici zbornika | Editor of Conference Proceeding Abstracts: Iris Fink Grubačević, Urška Uršič.
Recenzenti | Reviewers: Iris Fink Grubačević, Urška Florjančič, Anatolij Nikonov, Jože Vižintin.
Programski in organizacijski odbor | Program and Organizational Committee: Jože Vižintin, Anatolij Nikonov,
Urška Florjančič, Julius Kaplunov, Graham Rogerson, Colin Rigby, Danila Prikazchikov, Barış Erbaş, Leonid
Kossovich, Matej Forjan, Rudolf Pušenjak, Tomaž Savšek, Tomaž Jurejevčič, Iris Fink Grubačević, Štefan David,
Ines Lipuš, Urška Uršič.
Tisk na zahtevo.
Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring Novo mesto je izključni imetnik vseh materialnih avtorskih pravic na tej
publikaciji. Prepovedano je kopiranje ali kakršnokoli razmnoževanje dela brez dovoljenja urednika. Jezikovno,
znanstveno in strokovno pravilnost zagotavljajo avtorji gradiva.
The Faculty of Industrial Engineeering Novo mesto is the sole owner of all material rights of this publication. It is
prohibited to copy or distribute in any manner without the permission of the editor. Authors in this publication are
accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of
the work, including, but notwithstanding language, style, data, interpretations, are appropriately investigated and
resolved.
CIP - Kataložni zapis o publikaciji
Narodna in univerzitetna knjižnica, Ljubljana
62-027.31:502.131.1(082.034.2)
MEDNARODNA znanstvena konferenca razvoja industrijskega inženiringa (3 ; 2018 ; Otočec)
Priložnosti, potenciali, izzivi : zbornik povzetkov / 3. mednarodna znanstvena konferenca razvoja
industrijskega inženiringa, [Otočec, 16. april 2018] = Opportunities, potentials, challenges : conference
proceedings abstracts / 3rd International Scientific Conference on the Developement of Industrial
Engineering, [Otočec, 16 April 2018] ; [organizator Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring = organizer Faculty of
Industrial Engineering Novo mesto ; urednici zbornika Iris Fink Grubačević, Urška Uršič]. - Novo mesto :
Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring = Faculty of Industrial Engineering, 2018
ISBN 978-961-94246-3-6
1. Gl. stv. nasl. 2. Vzp. stv. nasl. 3. Fink Grubačević, Iris 4. Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring (Novo mesto)
5. Faculty of Industrial Engineering (Novo mesto)
294491136
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Kazalo | Table of Contents
Digitalna transformacija in industrija 4.0. ................................................................................................6
Digital Transformation and Industry 4.0
Velimir Srića
Industrija 4.0 v okviru krožne (trajnostne) proizvodnje in sonaravnega razvoja .....................................7
Industry 4.0 in the context of sustainable manufacturing and sustainable development
Vojteh Leskovšek
Izzivi industrije 4.0 v poslovni praksi ....................................................................................................11
Challenges of the Industry 4.0 in business practice
Mitja Cerovšek, Amira Mujanović, Tomaž Savšek
Pregled metod izbire kazalnikov v vzdrževanju .....................................................................................13
An overview of methodologies of selecting key performance indicators in maintenance
Saša Ciglar, Damjan Maletič
Osebna uspešnost 4.0 .............................................................................................................................15
Personal performance 4.0.
Janez Kolar
Roboti v funkciji izvajanja logističnih procesov v industriji ..................................................................17
Robots in implementation of logistic processes function in industry
Sašo Murtič, Ingrid Uhernik Franko, Igor Lekše,Tomaž Savšek
Primer praktične implementacije spletne trgovine z živili .....................................................................23
Case study implementing grocery eCommerce solution
Tomaž Aljaž
Materiali kot gradniki razvoja tehnologije in družbe .............................................................................26
Materials, necessity for the technology and society advancement
Bojan Podgornik
Razvoj eksperimentalnih metod za določitev reoloških lastnosti polimernih folij .................................29
Development of experimental methods for determination of rheological properties of polymeric films
Matic Šobak, Anastasiya Golyadkina, Ivan Jerman, Anatolij Nikonov
Aluminijeve zlitine v avtomobilski industriji .........................................................................................31
Aluminium Materials in the Automotive Industry
Mitja Muhič
Vpliv procesnih parametrov na deformacijo pri brizganju plastike .......................................................33
Influence of injection moulding parameters on warpage
Janez Turk, Marko Kolenc
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Določitev optimalnih parametrov pri elektropoliranju nerjavnega jekla ................................................35
Determination of optimal parameters for the electropolation of stainless steel
Luka Matvos, Marica Prijanovič Tonkovič
Uvedba novega klimatskega testa v procesu vakuumske metalizacije ...................................................37
Determining of a new climatic test in the process of vacuum metallization
Jaka Okorn, Žiga Gosar, Marica Prijanovič Tonkovič
Development of New Materials Based on Electrospun Nanofibers for Energy Storage Devices ..........40
Leonid Kossovich, Irina Kirillova, Rinat Mukhomodiarov
Dynamics of strongly inhomogeneous multi-component engineering structures ..................................42
D.A. Prikazchikov, A. Alzaidi, J. Kaplunov, L.A. Prikazchikova
Možnosti in ovire Slovenije, da postane razvojno-inovacijska država v izbranih nišah ........................43
The opportunities and obstacle of Slovenia to be developing innovation country in selected niches
Jože Vižintin
Sustainable Power Grid design considerations .......................................................................................46
Istvan Szabo
Analiza stacionarnih resonanc v nelinearni dinamiki viskoelastičnih nosilcev ......................................47
Analysis of stationary resonances in nonlinear dynamics of viscoelastic beams
Rudolf Pušenjak, Maks Oblak, Anatolij Nikonov
Razvoj dinamično obremenjenega elementa podvozja ..........................................................................49
Development of Suspension Element – Control link
Vili Malnarič, Jurij Kranjc, Miha Končar, Patricia Šašek, Rajko Marinčič, Tomaž Savšek
Aktivno hlajenje naprave z visokosvetilnim zaslonom, na prostem, brez klimatske naprave................52
Outdoor Device Comprising High Luminance LCD, Active Cooling without AC
Mitja Veber
Komponente in sistemi za učinkovite motorje z notranjim zgorevanjem, koncepti in modeli ..............56
Components and systems for efficient internal combustion engines, concepts and models (Hidria -
RRP1)
Tomaž Munih
Komponente in sistemi za elektrifikacijo glavnega pogona vozila ........................................................59
Components and Systems for Main Drive Electrification (FERI - RRP2)
Miran Rodič, Primož Šlibar, Andraž Rihar, Danjel Vončina, Anja Zajc, Peter Zajec, Gregor Kutin,
Franci Lahajnar, Damir Česnik, Špela Bolka
Mehatronski sklopi kot pomožni sistemi v vozilih .................................................................................62
Mechatronic Auxiliary Systems in Vehicles (Domel - RRP3)
Matej Tadina, Borut Kecelj, Simon Kulovec, Dora Domajnko, Janko Slavič
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Sistemi in komponente za varnost in udobje ..........................................................................................65
Systems and components for safety and comfort (TPV, SiEVA – RRP4)
Vili Malnarič, Tomaž Savšek
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3rd International Scientific Conference on the Development of Industrial Engineering: Opportunities, Potentials,
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Predgovor
Pred nami je zbornik povzetkov za 3. mednarodno znanstveno konferenco razvoja
industrijskega inženiringa s poudarkom na priložnostih, potencialu in izzivih slovenske
industrije. Konferenco že tretje leto zapored organizira Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring
Novo mesto. Na letošnji razpis je prispelo skupno 23 prispevkov, od tega 10 iz industrije in 12
iz akademske sfere, od tega 3 prispevki iz tujine. Veliko število prispevkov iz industrije daje
konferenci še poseben pomen in veljavo. Programski odbor je vse prispele prispevke skrbno
pregledal in jih razporedil v Plenarni del konference in štiri sekcije: Industrija 4.0 in
vzdrževanje, Materiali in tehnologije, Raziskave, razvoj in inovacije ter Raziskovalno-razvojne
priložnosti na področju avtomobilizma. Posebnost letošnje konference je tudi okrogla miza z
naslovom: »Razvoj industrije 4.0 in potrebe po kadrih«.
Osnova vseh prispevkov je prikaz priložnosti in izzivov, ki jih v poslovno okolje prinaša
nastajajoče globalno gibanje Industrije 4.0 in digitalizacija. Slovenija se zaveda, da ne sme biti
le stroškovno učinkovita, temveč mora postati konkurenčna predvsem na inovacijsko-
razvojnem področju. Zato je pogoj polna uveljavitev inženirjev in inženirstva. Gibanje
Industrija 4.0 in digitalizacija sta v veliki meri naravno nadaljevanje dosedanjih prizadevanj
naprednih podjetij za sistematično prenovo in informatizacijo poslovanja ter uvedbo modelov
e-poslovanja. V tem smislu Industrija 4.0 in digitalizacija poslovanja ne predstavljata zasuka v
smeri plovbe, pač pa le povečujeta njeno hitrost in osredotočenost na nekatere poslovne
parametre.
Svet se danes srečuje s velikim pomankanjem osnovnih surovin, onesnaženjem okolja in
kopičenjem vseh vrst odpadkov. Vse to so izivi, ki lahko sprožijo potenciale in priložnosti za
slovensko industrijo. Predvsem je tu priložnost za razvoj produktov na osnovi novih inženirskih
materialov, ki bodo plod recikliranja odpadnih surovin. Inženirski materiali bodo imeli v
prihodnosti ključno vlogo pri razvoju industrije in napredovanju družbe. Slovenija kot majhna
in surovinsko revna država mora temu segmentu razvoja zato posvetiti kar največ pozornosti
tako v akademskih ustanovah kot v industriji.
Po statističnih podatkih vlaga Slovenija v raziskave, razvoj in inovacije 2,0 odstotka BDP in je
po vložku v razvoj na povprečju EU-28 ter precej nad povprečjem držav OECD. Pri vlaganju v
raziskave in razvoj prekašamo tudi nekatere bolj razvite države sveta. Kljub velikemu vlaganju
v raziskave in razvoj (RRD) pa se Slovenija še vedno uvršča med Sledilce razvoja namesto med
Razvojnike produktov v izbranih nišah. V prihodnosti bomo morali to stanje spremeniti, kar
nam optimistično napoveduje tudi nekaj prispevkov te konference.
Na konferenci bo v zadnji sekciji z naslovom Raziskovalno razvojne priložnosti na področju
avtomobilizma prikazan cilj slovenske industrije kako postati in ostati pomemben razvojni
dobavitelj pogonskih motorjev z notranjim izgorevanjem in motorjev za električna vozila ter
pripadajočih komponent. Slovenska avtomobilska industrija je že uveljavljena na globalnem
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trgu, izkazuje odličnost in prebojnost ter je sposobna slediti zahtevnim izzivom na tem področju
kot ugotavljajo v prispevkih predstavniki tega dela slovenske industrije.
Konferenco je pripravil organizacijski odbor, za strokovnost in vsebino programa pa je poskrbel
programski odbor. Od vsega začetka podpira konferenco več slovenskih podjetij iz področja
avtomobilske industrije za kar jim gre posebna zahvala. Sponzorjem in podpornikom
konference ter organizacijskemu odboru konference se za opravljeno delo lepo zahvaljujem.
Jože Vižintin
Predsednik programskega odbora
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Foreword
In front of us we have a proceedings abstracts for the 3rd International Scientific Conference
on the Development of Industrial Engineering, with an emphasis on Opportunities, Potential
and Challenges of the Slovenian Industry. For the third consecutive year, the conference is
organized by the Faculty of Industrial Engineering Novo mesto. This year's call received a total
of 24 contributions out of which 10 from the industry and 14 from the academic sphere of which
3 contributions from abroad. A large number of industry contributions gives the conference a
special significance and value. The Program Committee carefully scrutinized the entries and
distributed them to the Plenary section of the conference and four sections:, namely Industry
4.0 and Maintenance, Materials and Technology, Research, Development and Innovation, and
Research and Development Opportunities in Automotive Industry. The specialty of this year's
conference is also the round table entitled: "Industry 4.0 and Human Resources – Progress and
Needs".
The basics of all contributions is to address the opportunities and challenges that the emerging
global movement of Industry 4.0 and digitalisation brings to the business environment. Slovenia
is aware of that it must not only be cost-effective, but must become competitive in the
innovation and development field. Therefore, a full engagement of engineers and engineering
is highly required. A movement Industry 4.0 and digitization are largely a natural continuation
of the efforts of the advanced companies for systematic renovation and informatization of
operations and the introduction of e-business models. In this sense, Industry 4.0 and
digitalisation of operations do not constitute turning in the direction of navigation, but only
increase its speed and focus on some business parameters.
Today, the world faces a major loss of basic raw materials, pollution and accumulation of all
types of waste. These are all challenges that can trigger potentials and opportunities for the
Slovenian industry. Above all, there is an opportunity to develop products based on new
engineering materials, which will result in the recycling of waste materials. Engineering
materials will play a key role in the development of industry and the advancement of society in
the future. Slovenia, as a small country with poor raw material resources, has to devote the most
attention to this segment of development, in both academia and industry.
According to statistics, Slovenia invests 2.0 percent of GDP in research, development and
innovation and invests in development on the average of the EU-28 and well above the average
of the OECD countries. In investing in research and development (R & D) we are surpassing
some of more developed countries over the world. Despite the large investment in R & D,
Slovenia is still ranked among Development Trackers instead of Product Developers in selected
niches. In the future, we will have to change this situation, which optimistically predict some
of the contributions of this conference.
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In the last conference section, entitled Research & Development Opportunities in Automotive
Industry, the aim of the Slovenian industry to become and remain an important R&D supplier
of internal combustion engines and engines for electric vehicles and associated components will
be emphasised. The Slovenian automotive industry is already well established on the global
market, it demonstrates excellence and breakthrough, and is able to follow the highly
demanding challenges in this field, as the representatives of this part of the Slovenian industry
show in their contributions.
The conference was prepared by the organizing committee, and the program committee was
responsible for the content and the professionalism of the program. Since its inception, the
conference has been supported by several Slovenian companies in the field of automotive
industry, for which special thanks go to them. I thank you for the work that has been done,
especially to the sponsors and supporters of the conference and the organizing committee of the
conference.
Jože Vižintin
Chairman of the Program Committee
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Plenarna predavanja
Plenary lectures
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Digital Transformation and Industry 4.0
Velimir Srića
University of Zagreb, School of Economics and Business, Croatia [email protected]
Abstract
On the road to the 4th Industrial Revolution each organization, each profession and each
individual are facing the dilemma: Digital or Dead. Disruptive innovation changes everything.
Software will disrupt most traditional industries in the next 5-10 years. Uber is just a software
tool, they don't own any cars, and have become the biggest taxi company in the world. Airbnb
is the biggest hotel company in the world, although they don't own any properties. Who will
become the next Uber and the Airbnb, how will it change every industry and every enterprise?
Artificial Intelligence provides the technology and methodology to become exponentially better
in understanding the world and solving most problems in a new way. The biggest issues in IT
leadership will center on business needs, capabilities and availability related to Digital
Transformation. The presentation will address the key challenges of the Digital Transformation
and Innovation, starting with technology-related trends and ending up with organizational-
culture-related issues.
Keywords: Industry 4.0; Digital Transformation, Trends in IT; Digital Leadership
Article Classification: Professional Paper
***
Velimir Srića (MS in Electrical Engineering; MBA from Graduate School of Business, Columbia University,
New York; PhD in management information systems) is professor of management at Zagreb University and
visiting professor at UCLA (University of California at Los Angeles). He was teaching at Beijing Renmin
University in China, as well as in Budapest, Dubai, Graz, Maribor, Podgorica, Rijeka, Sarajevo and Split. He was
Director of Croatian Information Technology Institute, Minister of Science and member of Croatian Government.
He is member of The Club of Rome, and program director of DELFIN (Developing Effective Leadership for
INnovation), a private consulting firm. He is Fulbright scholar and Eisenhower Fellow and was elected President
of Zagreb city assembly. He is co-author of International Encyclopedia of Business and Management, a
distinguished management consultant to regional and international companies, and World Bank expert on Change
Management. As author or coauthor he published seventy five books, more than 400 scientific and professional
papers and hundreds of articles in popular magazines.
***
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Industrija 4.0 v okviru krožne (trajnostne) proizvodnje in sonaravnega
razvoja
Gonilna sila za inovativne izdelke, procese in sisteme za novo generacijo
proizvodnje!
Industry 4.0 in the context of sustainable manufacturing and sustainable
development
The driving force for innovative products, processes and systems for the
production of a new generation!
Vojteh Leskovšek član IAS |member of IAS
Povzetek
Slovenija ne more biti le stroškovno konkurenčna, temveč mora biti predvsem inovacijsko
konkurenčna, zato je uveljavitev inženirstva, eden od pogojev, da bomo lahko s sodelovanjem
med akademsko sfero in industrijo dosegli višjo stopnjo tehnologije tudi v t.i. zrelih
proizvodnjah, da bodo lahko ponovno primerljive z najbolj razvitimi državami EU. Z novimi
tehnološko zahtevnimi programi in boljšim znanjem pa omogočili postopen prehod v sonaravni
(trajnostni) razvoj. Celotna raziskovalna sfera, vključno z raziskovalci in razvojniki iz
gospodarstva mora biti vključena v trikotnik znanja (univerze-JRO-raziskovalci v
gospodarstvu) in vključena v celoten inovacijski proces. Te inovacijske mreže morajo krepiti
sodelovanje v verigah vrednosti. Prav tako je potrebno zagotavljati neprekinjen proces
usposabljanja poklicnega, tehniškega in inženirskega kadra. Poklicne šole, visoke šole,
univerze in inštituti so v dobrem položaju, da zagotovijo programe izobraževanja in
usposabljanja
Kreiranje proizvodnje izdelkov, ki uporabljajo in zagotavljajo postopke z minimalnimi vplivi
na okolje, varčujejo z energijo, so varni za zaposlene in so ekonomsko smiselni ter uporabljeni
materiali in izdelki sposobni ponovne uporabe, so načela krožne (trajnostne) proizvodnje
(sustainable manufacturing), ki je eden od osnovnih elementov sonaravnega (trajnostnega
razvoja) in povsod po svetu dosega vse večjo veljavo in podporo ter omogoča prehod iz linearne
v eksponencialno gospodarsko rast. Ob gospodarskih družbah, ki zagotavljajo recikliranje so
možne različne oblike krožnih (trajnostnih) procesov. Slovenska avtomobilska industrija mora
ob sodelovanju s kovinsko industrijo, strojegradnjo in energetiko zagotavljati tako imenovana
3R - 6R načela krožne (trajnostne) proizvodnje: Recover, Recycle, Redesign, Reduce,
Remanufacture, Reuse. Na ta način bomo prešli iz pretežno tradicionalne v zeleno oziroma
krožno (trajnostno) proizvodnjo z večjo dodano vrednostjo in manjšim vplivom na okolje.
Za vzpostavitev vrednostnih verig med podjetji kovinske industrije, avtomobilske in ostalih
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vej na osnovi krožne (trajnostne) proizvodnje, obstajajo v Sloveniji vsi pogoji. Tradicija
industrijske proizvodnje, kakovosten proces izobraževanja na vseh stopnjah, raziskovalni
potenciali na univerzah in inštitutih, izkušnje pri prenosu znanja, majhne razdalje med
industrijskimi obrati so lahko velike prednosti slovenske industrije. Ob kakovostnem
visokošolskem izobraževanju, povezavi s tujimi univerzami, povezavi raziskovalnih inštitutov
in univerz lahko v Sloveniji zagotovimo specifično zasnovano t.i. Industrijo 4.0, ki bo sposobna
na določenih nišnih segmentih tekmovati na globalnem trgu.
Ključne besede: Industrija 4.0, krožna proizvodnja, sonaravni razvoj, 3R - 6R načela krožne
proizvodnje, izobraževanje
Abstract
Slovenia can not only be cost-competitive, but must above all be innovative-competitive,
therefore the implementation of engineering, is one of the conditions that we can through
collaboration between academic sphere and industry achieve a higher level of technology in the
so-called “traditional production” which could once again be comparable with the manufactures
in most developed EU countries. With the new high-tech programs and better knowledge we
could make it possible for a gradual transition to sustainable development. Therefore, the entire
research community, including researchers and developers from the industry must be
incorporated in the knowledge triangle (university – PRO - researchers in the economy) and
included in the entire innovation process. These innovation networks should strengthen
cooperation in the value chain. It is also necessary to ensure a continuous process of training of
professional, technical and engineering personnel. Vocational education, high schools,
universities and institutes are in a good position to provide education and training programs.
Creating manufacturing of products which using and providing processes with minimal impact
on the environment and save energy, are safe for employees and economically significant, using
materials and products which are able to be re-use are the principle of sustainable
manufacturing, which is one of the basic element of sustainable development and all over the
world achieves increasing effect and support which enables transition from linear to exponential
growth. With commercial companies that provide recycling are possible different forms of
sustainable processes. Slovenian automotive industry should, in cooperation with the metal
working industry and energy sector ensured so-called 3R - 6R principles of sustainable
manufacturing: Recover, Recycle, Redesign, Reduce, Remanufacture, Reuse. In this way,
Slovenia will progressed from a largely traditional production in the green or sustainable
manufacturing with higher added value and lower environmental impact.
To establish a value chains among enterprises of metal industry, automotive and other branches
on the basis of a sustainable manufacturing in Slovenia exist all conditions. The tradition of
industrial production, process quality education at all levels, research potentials at the
universities and institutes, experience in knowledge transfer, as well as small distances between
industrial plants can be significant advantages of Slovenian industry. On the basis of high-
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quality of higher education at Slovenian universities, in conjunction with the foreign
universities and related research institutes, Slovenia can provide specifically designed the so-
called Industry 4.0 approach, which will be capable in certain niche segments to compete in the
global market.
Keywords: Industry 4.0, sustainable manufacturing, sustainable development, 3R - 6R
principles of sustainable manufacturing, izobraževanje
Article Classification: Professional Paper
***
Vojteh Leskovšek received his PhD at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Shipbuilding, University of
Zagreb. He is tenured as an Associate Professor and teaches at the Jožef Štefan International Postgraduate School.
Dr. Leskovšek is a Scientific Councillor and Head of the Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering Department at
the Institute of Metals and Technology in Lubljana. In 2012 he was awarded with the title of IFHTSE Fellow for
Outstanding, Globally Recognised and Significant Contribution to the Development of Heat Treatment and
Surface Engineering. In 2016 he received the Ciril Rekar plaque for lifetime achievement in the field of metallurgy.
He is a member of the Slovenian Academy of Engineering (IAS) from 2008 and was the the President of Slovenian
Academy of Engineering (IAS), 2012/2013.
***
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Sekcija
Session 1
Industrija 4.0 in vzdrževanje
Industry 4.0 and Maintenance
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Izzivi industrije 4.0 v poslovni praksi
Challenges of the Industry 4.0 in business practice
Mitja Cerovšek, Amira Mujanović, Tomaž Savšek
TPV d.d., Slovenia
Povzetek
Izzivi, ki jih v poslovno okolje prinaša nastajajoče globalno gibanje Industrije 4.0, so bolj kot
tehnološke za podjetja predvsem poslovne narave. S pomočjo tehnologije se spreminjajo vzorci
delovanja ter povečuje inovativnost in konkurenčnost, kar je pomembna naloga celotne
vodstvene strukture podjetja. Hkrati je to sijajna priložnost za razvoj in uvedbo številnih
pozitivnih sprememb obstoječega poslovnega in procesnega modela ter morda tudi
najpomembnejša naloga in odgovornost upravljanja informacijskih in komunikacijskih
sistemov. Ključno vlogo izvedbe potrebnih sprememb pri tem lahko odigra sočasnost
upravljanja treh vsebin: razumevanja informacijske in komunikacijske tehnologije, smiselno
povezovanje tehnologije s poslovnimi procesi ter obvladovanje in izvajanje strateških
usmeritev podjetja.
Gibanje Industrija 4.0 je v veliki meri naravno nadaljevanje dosedanjih prizadevanj, ki so jih
napredna podjetja že v preteklosti sistematično namenjala prenovi in informatizaciji poslovanja,
uvedbi modelov e-poslovanja in managementu poslovnih procesov. V tem smislu Industrija 4.0
in digitalizacija poslovanje ne predstavljata zasuka v smeri plovbe, pač pa le povečujeta njeno
hitrost in osredotočenost na nekatere poslovne parametre. Podjetja, ki želijo razumeti in v svoje
delovanje umestiti načela starih in novih paradigem, morajo najprej in še vedno razumeti ter v
celoti obvladovati svoje poslovne procese. Razumeti morajo preteklost in sedanjost, če želijo s
pomočjo Industrije 4.0 in digitalizacije smiselno graditi svojo prihodnost. V nasprotnem
primeru ostajajo na ravni trendovskega leporečja.
Ključne besede: industrija 4.0, poslovni procesi, prenova in informatizacija poslovanja
Abstract
The challenges brought by the emerging global movement of Industry 4.0 into the business
environment are for the most companies more of a business than technology nature. With the
help of technology, operating patterns change and innovation and competitiveness increase, and
those are important tasks of the overall management structure of the company. At the same
time, this is a great opportunity to develop and introduce many positive changes to the existing
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business and process model, and perhaps the most important assignment and responsibility of
managing information and communication systems. Understanding of information and
communication technology, meaningful integration of technology with business processes, and
control and implementation of strategic directions of the company are the three topics that need
to be simultaneously managed in order to achieve an implementation of all the necessary
changes.
Movement Industry 4.0 is, largely, a natural continuance of the efforts for systematical
renovation and informatization of operations, the introduction of e-business models and the
management of business processes, undertaken by the advanced companies so far. In this
regard, Industry 4.0 and business digitalization do not represent a shift in the direction of
navigation, but only an increase of speed and a focus on some of the business parameters.
Companies who wish to understand and integrate the principles of old and new paradigms need
to first understand and fully master their business processes. By the companies, the past and the
present need to be understood if the future wants to be built by the help of Industry 4.0 and
digitization. Otherwise, they remain at the level of trendy platitudes.
Keywords: Industry 4.0, business processes, business renewal and informatization
Article Classification: Scientific Paper
***
Mitja Cerovšek graduated in electro technical science (BS) from the Faculty of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, University of Ljubljana. He has an MS (2005) in economical science and a Ph.D. (2015) in
information science from the Faculty of Economics, University of Ljubljana. He is Director of Information and
Communication Technologies in TPV, responsible for strategic planning for IT development, business process
management, informatization of business and implementation of strategic and interorganizational IT projects. He
is a member of the research and development group of the TPV (Researcher number 30521) and the author of
several scientific papers in the interdisciplinary area of information sciences, business process management and
economics, linking them with the practise of the automotive industry.
***
Amira Mujatovič holds a Master's Degree in the field of Information Systems Management from the University
of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences. As one of the most successful students, she has received several
Dean's Awards as well as the Rector's Award. Currently, she is employed at TPV d.o.o. as Business Information
System Organizer and is enrolled in the Information Systems Management Doctoral Studies at the University of
Maribor. Her last contributions are from the field of data processing and text mining, and the current orientation
is IoT in the automotive industry.
***
Tomaž Savšek received his Ph.D. in electro technical science from the Faculty of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, University of Ljubljana. He was a Research Engineer at the Faculty of Electrical and Computer
Engineering in Ljubljana from 1989 to 1992. Since 1992, he headed a project team for the development of a combat
simulation system and simulation center of the Slovenian Armed Forces. He also headed a Centre for Operational
Research and Simulations. He has also Certificate of Senior International Defense Management Course from the
Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA. As of 2006, he is Assistant General Manager in TPV,
responsible for the public private partnership and strategic research and development projects. He is also a
professor at the Faculty of Industrial engineering in Novo mesto, focused on green car initiatives and e-mobility.
***
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Pregled metod izbire kazalnikov v vzdrževanju
An overview of methodologies of selecting key performance indicators in
maintenance
Saša Ciglar
Fakulteta za industrijski inženirng Novo mesto | Faculty of Industrial Engineering Novo mesto, Slovenia
Damjan Maletič
Fakulteta za organizacijske vede Kranj| Faculty of Organizational Sciences Kranj, Slovenia
Povzetek
Pri menedžmentu v vzdrževanju poznamo številne kazalnike, ki nam pokažejo, kako učinkoviti
in uspešni smo. Pomagajo nam pri optimizaciji procesov in organiziranju oddelka, so orodje za
kontrolo ter nam pomagajo pri zniževanju stroškov. Kazalnike izbiramo na osnovi izbrane
strategije vzdrževanja. Za pravilno izbiro kazalnikov si moramo najprej postaviti cilj, kaj želimo
doseči, v drugi fazi pa si izberemo merljive veličine, ki nam kakovostno pokažejo, koliko smo
oddaljeni od zastavljenih ciljev torej, kako uspešni in učinkoviti smo na področju vzdrževanja.
Iz tega je razvidno, da je proces izbire kazalnikov izrednega pomena in zahtevna naloga. Namen
prispevka je predstaviti metode o procesu odločanja pri izbiri ustreznih kazalnikov.
Vsaka panoga ima svoje značilne kazalnike, ki jih med drugim uporabljajo tudi za medsebojno
primerjanje rezultatov (angl. benchmarking). Primerjava nam pokaže, kje smo v primerjavi s
tehnološko uspešnimi soigralci in kje smo šibki. To je način, s katerim se lahko učimo od
najboljših. Zato so se z leti razvijale metode na področju odločanja o pravilni izbiri ustreznih
kazalnikov. Naredil se je pregled literature o metodah odločanja pri izbiri ustreznih kazalnikov.
Metode so bile pregledane in medsebojno primerjane.
Ustreznost kazalnika je zelo pomembna. Zato je tudi izrednega pomena ugotoviti, če je način
izbire prinesel želen rezultat ali je morda drugačna metoda bolj ustrezna. Izbira kazalnikov je
za različne panoge različna, kar pomeni, da je process o izbiri ustreznih kazalnikov lahko od
panoge do panoge različen.
Predstavljene ugotovitve lahko uporablja vodstvo vzdrževanja za kritičen razmislek o tem, če
so njihovi kazalniki ustrezno izbrani, da merijo učinkovitost in uspešnost dela oddelka
vzdrževanja. Prispevek predstavlja prispevek k literature na področju celovitega upravljanja
fizičnega premoženja in merjenja uspešnosti ter učinkovitosti na področju vzdrževanja.
Ključne beside: kazalnik, vzdrževanje, strategija vzdrževanja, primerjalna analiza
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Abstract
In maintenance management we know various key performance indicators for measuring how
effecitve and efficient our maintenance department is. They help us to optimize the maintenance
process and the organization of the department. We can control our department by use of them
and reduce costs. The selection of the key performance indicators depends on the maintenance
strategy, that we use. For the selection of the right key performance indicators we first have to
define our goals and second, we have to find measurable parameters that show us how far we
are from our goals. That fact explains, how important it is, to choose the right key performance
indicator. The purpose of this article is to present an overview of methodoligies of decission
making for the selection of the right key performance indicators.
Keywords: key performance indicator, maintenance, maintenance strategy, comparative
analysis
Article Classification: Scientific Paper
***
Saša Ciglar made his master of science in the field of maintenance management. After his study at the University
of Ljubljana, Faculty of mechanical engineering, he worked in a consulting company as a junior consulter for
maintenance mainly in papermills. After that he worked as a technical manager in the company Veriga k. f., d. o.
o. Since 2013 he is the head of technique in a papermill where he is responsible for maintenance management,
improvements and investments. Since 2017 he is also a lecturer at Faculty of Industrial Engineering Novo mesto,
where he is holding the course Maintenance in production plants.
***
Damjan Maletič is an Assistant Professor at the Faculty of Organizational Sciences, University of Maribor. He is
also a Vice dean for research activities at University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences, a member of
Slovenian Maintenance Society (DVS), a member of working group for asset management at DVS, a member of
asset management committee at EFNMS and a member of technical committee SIST/TC VZD Maintenance and
asset management at Slovenian institute for standardization. His research activities are mainly devoted to the fields
of physical asset management, maintenance and quality management. Currently one main area of his research has
focused on studying the relationship between physical asset management practices and organizational
performance. He has published several research papers in international journals and presented his research work
at numerous national and international conferences. He holds a bachelor’s degree in Wood Science and
Technology (University of Ljubljana) and Organization (University of Maribor). He obtained his PhD degree in
Quality Management from the University of Maribor, Faculty of Organizational Sciences.
***
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Osebna uspešnost 4.0
Personal performance 4.0.
Janez Kolar
Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring Novo mesto | Faculty of Industrial Engineering Novo mesto [email protected]
Povzetek
Okolje okoli nas je prežeto s tehničnimi novostmi, tehnologijami, novimi pristopi in njihovimi
osupljivimi tehničnimi značilnostmi. Človek ostaja, tehnično gledano, dokaj nespremenjen
zadnjih nekaj tisoč let in med človekom kot takim ter skokovito razvijajočim se tehnološkim
razvojem zeva vse večja vrzel. Prispevek vsebuje razmišljanje o tem, kaj se nam dogaja, kakšni
so obeti in kako se znajti, stati in obstati.
Ključne besede: Človeški viri, uspeh, osebna uspešnost, ključni dejavniki uspeha, sinergija
Abstract
Surrounded by infinite number of new products, wonderful new technical innovations, and
overwhelming gadgets bumbling out almost daily from everywhere leaves an individual at a
very unpleasant and lonely place. Human capabilities, as an opposite to technical development,
stay more or less a t the same level Even more, some researches show that EQ is declining on
a global level.
What is happening? Which are some of the challenges arising and what could be done?
Keywords: HRM, success, personal performance, key success factors, sinergy
Article Classification: Professional Paper
***
Janez Kolar's corporate career has led him from Training management at GEA College to HR management at
DHL Express, founding and developing the Slovenian branch of the Japanese Matsushita corporation (Panasonic
& Technics) to Sales management at Volvo Trucks and L’Oreal Paris Ljubljana, all the way to serving as Member
of the Board at Aerodrom Ljubljana, where he was in charge of HR, IT and Safety & Security. He has lead
development projects and EU funding as Senior consultant at Business center Ljubljana – now Technology park
Ljubljana, still maintaining ties, especially in the field of fostering entrepreneurship. Since 2003 he has been a
regular lecturer at various institutions offering under- and postgraduate programs, especially in the fields of
Management, Creative Business Processes, HR Development & HR Digitalization and Digitalization in general.
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Complete bibliography is available at http://izumbib.izum.si/bibliografije/Y20180406112416-A20326499.html.
***
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Roboti v funkciji izvajanja logističnih procesov v industriji
Robots in implementation of logistic processes function in industry
Sašo Murtič
Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring Novo mesto | Faculty of Industrial Engineering Novo mesto, Slovenia
Ingrid Uhernik Franko
Krka d. d. , Novo mesto, Slovenia
Igor Lekše
TPV d.o.o., Slovenia
Tomaž Savšek
TPV d.o.o., Slovenia
Povzetek
Raziskovalno vprašanje: Razumeti logistiko in logistične procese v industriji, posebej v
industriji motornih vozil pomeni, da je potrebno najprej razumeti sam pomen logistike,
elemente posameznih procesov ter logistične posebnosti, ki jih omogoča tehnika, tehnologija,
znanost in teorija. Skozi pregled industrijskega razvoja, je mogoče videti, da je ta vedno
hrepenela po znanju, tehnološkemu razvoju, tehniki industrijskega napredka, zmanjšanju
vplivov na okolje, zmanjšanju porabe energije in ne nazadnje k zmanjšanju porabe delovne sile.
Slednjemu je industrija uvajala nove tehnološke dosežke v proizvodnji, razvijala strojno
opremo ter uvajala procese, ki so omogočili proizvodnjo sodobnejšega proizvoda. Oskrbovalni
trgi, trg potrošnikov ter mnogi drugi dejavniki, so skozi čas industrijo in druge gospodarske
dejavnike prisilili, da so svoje potenciale posvetili svojemu proizvodu, ponudbi in
povpraševanju ter tiste dejavnosti, ki so za proizvodnjo sicer neizogibni in potrebni, prepustili
zunanjemu izvajalcu. Logistika v tem delu ima pomembno vlogo, saj predstavlja visoko-
sofisticirano specifično dejavnost, ki s pomočjo posebnih znanj, opreme in strojev, na vseh
področjih in v vseh industrijskih vejah izvaja podporo v proizvodnji, transportu, skladiščenju,
oskrbi in mnogo širše. Uvajanje tehnike, uvajanje robotov v samo logistiko, v industrijo, ki v
imenu industrije namesto človeka opravlja posamezne funkcije, posamezne logistične procese
pomeni poseben industrijski fenomen.
Namen raziskave: Robotizacija in uvajanje robotov v industrijsko proizvodnjo ni nov pojav, saj
vemo, da je v industrijski proizvodnji, predvsem v proizvodnji motornih vozil, že v preteklosti
bilo vključeno večje število robotov, ki opravljajo zahtevnejša in za človeka nevarna dela, ko
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to so posamezna varjenja spojev, stiskanja, spajanja kovin, lakiranja, peskanja in mnogo širše.
Če pa povzamemo logistiko v industriji in za potrebe industrije pa v preteklosti ni bilo veliko
tehnološko posodobljenih strojev, aparatov ali naprav, ki bi lahko za industrijo opravljali
nekatere logistične procese. Zato je naš namen bil ugotoviti ali lahko robot, kakšne vrste in tipa,
v proizvodnem procesu opravlja logistične storitve, za katere vemo, da jih je do sedaj izvajal
človek in če jih, kakšni so proporci in matematični izračuni izvedenih storitev uporabljenega
robota. Cilj je potrditi ali ovreči prednosti ali slabosti robota, katerega namen je iz skladiščnih
prostorov v proizvodnjo pripeljati material za proizvodnjo. Glavni cilj je bil na strokoven in
znanstven način dokazati, da robot lahko v logistiki, in sicer na posameznih logističnih procesih
zamenja človeka in obenem, da ravno natančnost in sposobnost robota za opravljanje logističnih
storitev zagotavlja nemoteno proizvodnjo ter zmanjšuje stroške dela.
Metoda raziskave: Proučevali in presojali smo posamezne gibe, vodila in sklope robota, ki ga
industrija motornih vozil uporablja za opravljanje logistike in logističnih procesov, ki
predstavljajo pripravo materialov, nalaganje materialov na ustrezno prevozno vozilo ter
transport iz skladiščnega prostora do delovnega traku v sami proizvodnji (ime robota bo
navedeno, ko za to pridobim dovoljenje lastnika). Gre za metodo, ki nam je podala relevantne
podatke o koristnosti uporabe robota, ki jih je mogoče numerično očitati v smislu skrajševanja
časa dostave materialov za proizvodnjo, manjši porabi energije, časovni natančnosti in varnejši
uporabi transportnih poti. Uporabili smo tudi empirično metodo, saj smo želeli narediti pregled
v preteklost, ki bi nam pokazala kako se je sistem robota uporabljal v logistiki v tujini in v
Sloveniji, v času ko je gospodarstvo v Sloveniji in širši Evropi bilo na visoki razvojni stopnji
in danes, ko so spremembe gospodarskih proizvajalnih sil, spremembe trga, digitalizacija sveta,
robotizacija proizvodnje pa tudi robotizacija turizma povzročile nove standarde, nove zahteve,
novo poučevanje ipd. kar vse vpliva tudi na spremembe in razvoj logistike. Nenazadnje smo
uporabili še pravno metodo, skozi katero smo upravičevali posamezne tehnološke postopke ter
pravno formulirali posamezna razmerja v procesu delovanja organizacij in dejavnosti robota
glede na varnost delavcev vključenih v industrijsko proizvodnjo.
Rezultati raziskave: Tehnika in tehnologija, digitalizacija in elektronsko upravljanje
posameznih procesov v industriji in tudi v sami logistiki, ki za industrijo pomeni opravljanje
tistih storitev, ki neposredno niso del industrije, vendar pa industrija brez njih ne more. Gre za
logistiki, logistične procese in postopke, ki omogočajo, da je določena stvar, predmet ali tovor
ob določenem času na določenem mestu, kar za industrijo pomeni obvladovanje proizvodnje in
trga. Naša raziskava je šla v smer, kjer smo želeli dokazati, daje robot zelo v pomoč industriji,
opravlja tiste zahtevne naloge, ki bi jih sicer moral človek in obenem zagotavlja točnost,
natančnost in stalnost zagotavljanja materialov za proizvodnjo. Naša teza je bila, da je treba v
čim več težavnih logističnih procesih uporabljati robote ter tako zagotoviti natančnost dobave
materialov in obenem razbremeniti človeka. Tudi matematični podatki so nam pokazali, da je
naša raziskava bila smiselna in služi splošnemu napredku razvoja industrije. Industrija
potrebuje veliko takšnih in podobnih robotov, ki bodo v prihodnje opravljali tiste naloge in tista
dela, ki so za človeka obremenjujoča in nevarna.
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Organizacija raziskave: Logistika je sicer star pojem, kolikor je stara proizvodnja, trgovina,
gibanje materialov, kapitala in ljudi, posameznih logistični procesi pa so se oblikovali skozi čas
in industrijski in gospodarski razvoj. Uvajanje robotov v logistiko za izvajanje posameznih
logističnih procesov in postopkov pa pomeni napredek v industrijski proizvodnji in gospodarski
rasti. Raziskavo smo organizirali v industriji motornih vozil, kjer so na že vrsto let v posamezne
logistične procese vključili robote, ki iz priročnih skladišč v proizvodne prostore dostavljajo
materiala potreben za potek proizvodnje. Merili smo transportne poti, vodila in vodilne trakove,
računalniško ali digitalno vodenje, čas izvedbe storitve, porabo energije.
Omejitve raziskave: Robotizacija posameznih faz ali posameznih procesov v industriji
predstavlja plod znanosti, dolgotrajnih raziskav in laboratorijskih preizkusov. Zaradi tega s
tehnološkega in uporabnega gledišča vsak robot predstavlja poslovno tajnost posamezne
gospodarske družbe, korporacije ali na splošno industrije. Zaradi tega so bile izpostavljene
omejitve, ki bi kakorkoli pomenile opisovanje ali podajanje podatkov, ki bi pomenila razkritje
vsebine in načina priprave robota oziroma elektronske naprave ter sestavnih delov. V naši
raziskavi so bili podani le tisti podatki, ki so s tržnega gledišča predstavili robot, kot tržni
produkt, vse druge izsledke pa smo sami ugotavljali in ocenjevali.
Ključne besede: logistika, roboti, vodenje, organizacija
Abstract
Research question: To understanding logistics and logistic procesess in industry, especially in
the motor vehicle industry, we need to understand the meaning of logistics, the elements of
individual processes and the logistic specialities, related to technique, technology, science and
theory. Through a review of industrial development we can see that it has always been craving
for knowledge, technological development, techniques of industrial progress, reducing
environmental impacts, reducing energy consumption and at least to reducing workforce
consumption. Therefore industry introduced new technological developments in the production,
hardware and processes that enabled the production of modern product. Over the time the
supply markets, the consumer market and many other factors forced the industry and other
economic factors to devote their potential to their product, supply and demand, those activities
that were necessary for production they must left to the outsourcer (Outsorcing). In this part
logistics plays an important role because it represents a highly sophisticated specific activity
that, with the help of special knowledge, equipment and machinery, supports production,
transport, storage, supply and much wider in all areas and industrial branches. The introduction
of technology, the introduction of robots into logistics and industry that carries out individual
functions, and individual logistic processes, that means a special industrial phenomenon.
The purpose of the research: Robotization and introduction of robots into industrial production
is not a new phenomenon because we know that in the industrial production, especially in the
production of motor vehicles, a large number of robots have been involved in the past and they
performs for people more demanding and dangerous work like welding joints, pressing, joining
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metal, lacquering, sandblasting and much wider.However, if we unite logistics in the industry
and for industry needs, in the past there were not many technologically modernized machines,
appliances or devices that could carry out some logistical processes for the industry. So the
purpose was to determine what type of robot perform logistic services in the production
process, which we know that has been performed by man till now and what are the proportions
and mathematical calculations of the services performed of the used robot. Our goal is to
confirm or disprove the advantages or disadvantages of a robot whose purpose is to bring
production materials from storage spaces into production.The main goal was professional and
scientific demonstration that the robot can replace a person in logistics, on individual logistic
processes,replace a man and that the precise and robot's ability to provide logistics services
ensures smooth production and reduces labor costs.
Research method: We have studied and assessed the individual movements, guides and
assemblies of a robot used by the motor vehicle industry to perform logistics and logistic
processes that represent the preparation of materials, the loading of materials on a suitable
transport vehicle, and the transport from the storage space to the workbench in the production.
That method gave us relevant data on the usefulness of the use of robots, which can be
numerically read in terms of shortening the delivery time of materials for production, lower
energy consumption, time accuracy and safer use of transport routes. Using the empirical
method because of overview of the past, which would show us how the robot system was used
in logistics abroad and in Slovenia, at a time when the economy in Slovenia and the wider
Europe was at a high stage of development and today, when changes in economic productive
forces are going, market changes, digitalisation of the world, robotisation of production and
robotization of tourism caused new standards, new requirements, new teaching, etc. all of that
also affects on the changes and development of logistics. At last with the legal method we
justified individual technological procedures and legalized individual relationships in the
process of functioning of organizations and activities of the robot in relation to the safety of
workers involved in industrial production.
Research results: Technique and technology, digitization and electronic management of
individual processes in industry, and also in the logistics, which for industry means the
implementation of those services that are not directly part of the industry, but the industry can
not work without them. It involves logistics, logistic processes and procedures that anable a
certain thing, object or cargo to be determined at a certain time at a particular place, which
means that the industry has control of the production and market. In the direction of our research
we wanted to prove that the robot is very helpful to the industry, carries out the most demanding
tasks that a person should have and ensuring the accuracy and permanence of providing
materials for production. Our thesis was that in the most difficult logistical processes robots
should be used to ensure the accuracy of materials supply and at the same time relieving the
worker. Mathematical data also showed us that our research was meaningful and serves the
overall development of industry. Industry needs a lot of such and similar robots, which will in
the future perform those tasks and those works that are burdensome and dangerous for people.
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Organization of the research: Logistics is an old concept, old as production, trade, movement
of materials, capital and people, and its individual processes have been shaped over time and
over industrial and economic development. The introduction of robots into logistics for the
implementation of individual logistic processes means progress in industrial production and
economic growth. The researc was organized in the motor vehicle industry because that industry
involves the robots in individual logistic processes for many years. They use robots to deliver
the material (production parts) needed for the production process from the convenient
warehouses into the production premises. We measured transport paths, guides, computer and
digital management, time of service execution, energy consumption and prepared appropriate
calculations that justify the use of robots in logistics.
Limitations of the research: Robotization of individual phases or individual processes in the
industry is a result of science, long-term research and laboratory tests. Because of that, from a
technological and useful wiew point, each robot represents the commercial secrecy of an
individual company, corporation or industry in general. Restrictions about description or
presentation of data that would reveal the content and method of preparing a robot or electronic
device and components were imposed. In the study, we provided only those data that were
presented the robot as a market product, and all other findings were determined and evaluated.
Some of the data have been supplemented professionally and now they do not show those
potentials that would reveal business secrets, and at the same time they give us relevant starting
points in the survey.
Keywords: logistics, robots, management, organization
Article Classification: Scientific Paper
***
Sašo Murtič is a university graduate in law, a Master of Legal Science and a doctor of sociological sciences. He
is retired from the Ministry of Infrastructure. He teaches "law" and "logistics" in higher and university programs,
teaches at the Faculty of Logistics and the Faculty of Tourism of the University of Maribor, and now teaches at
the Faculty of Industrial Engineering. He published several professional and scientific papers in the field of law,
public administration and logistics, as part of his work at the Ministry of Infrastructure, he coached the head of a
number of major projects that were important for the country (the state spatial plan for Jože Pučnik Airport
Ljubljana, the state spatial plan for Edvard Rusjan Maribor Airport, construction of a passenger terminal at Edvard
Rusjan Maribor Airport, renovation of the hangar and other facilities at the same airport). He was a mentor to
many students in the preparation of graduate thesis in undergraduate studies, he was the director of the municipal
administration of the city of Novo mesto and performed numerous important state tasks for the country.
***
Ingrid Uhernik Franko, M.Sc. of Intercultural Management, graduated from the Faculty of Logistics at the
Faculty of Logistics, University of Maribor, and received a master's degree at the Faculty of Applied Social Studies
in Nova Gorica. She is employed at the Krka d.d. Novo mesto and assistant at doc. dr. Sašo Murtič.
***
Igor Lekše, male, born 20.02.1067 in Novo mesto is employed in TPV d.d.. He is a member of the research and
development group of the TPV (Researcher number 27947). He is a Master of science in mechanical engineering.
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He graduated on Faculty of Mechanical Engineering University of Ljubljana. He works as the director of Process
automatization. His areas of knowledge are deformation technology, materials, experimental methods.
***
Tomaž Savšek received his Ph.D. in electro technical science from the Faculty of Electrical and Computer
Engineering, University of Ljubljana. He was a Research Engineer at the Faculty of Electrical and Computer
Engineering in Ljubljana from 1989 to 1992. Since 1992, he headed a project team for the development of a combat
simulation system and simulation center of the Slovenian Armed Forces. He also headed a Centre for Operational
Research and Simulations. He has also Certificate of Senior International Defense Management Course from the
Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, California, USA. As of 2006, he is Assistant General Manager in TPV,
responsible for the public private partnership and strategic research and development projects. He is also a
professor at the Faculty of Industrial engineering in Novo mesto, focused on green car initiatives and e-mobility.
***
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Primer praktične implementacije spletne trgovine z živili
Case study implementing grocery eCommerce solution
Tomaž Aljaž
Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring Novo mesto | Faculty of Industrial Engineering Novo mesto, Slovenia
Povzetek
Sedanje poslovno okolje je pod neprestanim pritiskom po spremembah in novih načinih
pristopa do kupcev. Tudi živilska trgovina tukaj ni izjema. Poleg klasičnega nakupovanja v
trgovinah in trgovskih centrih se vedno bolj uveljavlja t.i. naročanje iz naslonjača. Le-to
omogoča izbiro in nakup živilskih izdelkov preko spletnih strani, kakor tudi možnost izbire
dostave na dom ali osebnega prevzema na točno določeni prevzemni lokaciji na izbrani dan in
čas.
Eden največjih izzivov s katerimi se srečujejo IT podjetja je izvedba splošne platforme, ki
zadosti različnim potrebam trga in zahtevam strank, po drugi strani pa ponudi povezljivost z
obstoječimi zalednimi sistemi. Ključni elementi takšnega sistema so on- line uporabniška
izkušnja, analitiki, matični podatki izdelkov in nenazadnje tudi logistika – dostava na dom oz.
osebni prevzem.
V prezentaciji bodo prikazani glavni elementi e-Commerce rešitve in tehnična rešitev. Prav
tako bo poleg tehničnega dela prikazan pomen vzdrževanja matičnih podatkov oz. njihov vpliv,
če so le-ti pomanjkljivo vzdrževani. Prezentacija bo zaključena s primeri dobre prakse izven
obsega tehnike, pač pa predvsem kot delovni proces in odnos do strank, da se poveča njihovo
zadovoljstvo.
Ključne besede: e-Commerce, informacijsko komunikacijska tehnologija, tehnologije,
računalništvo v oblaku, logistika
Abstract
In today’s constrain environment where there is constant pressure to increase market share,
traditional retailers are looking new ways to approach customers. In addition to traditional
shopping in a store, on-line ordering of food is clearly additional benefit to them with Home
delivery or pick-up at special delivery area at defined time window. The technology available
make possible to place order independently of the location and time.
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One of the major challenges that IT companies face is how to build general solution that meets
market and customer requirements for new business models combined with established
processes and systems. An On-line shop & Customer experience, Cross-channel fullfilment,
Analytics, Masterdata, Logistics are the main elements of the new system.
In the presentation, it will be shown overview of e-Commerce platform, main building blocks,
and example of the technical solution. Moreover, importance of the product data quality on
user experience browsing through on-line shop and Home delivery / pick-up (logistic part) will
be discussed. The presentation will conclude with examples that needs to be addressed by
Business processes and customer care in order to increase customer satisfaction.
Keywords: e-Commerce, High-availability, logistic, ERP, Masterdata
Article Classification: Professional Paper
***
Tomaž Aljaž is involved in managing IT projects, improve performance of project team, establishing and
maintaining optimal use of resources and reducing operating risks. Prior experiences are related to R&D
environment working as Resource, Project and product manager, as well as Solution manager. He has published
many articles on Information Technology and Telecommunication area, resource management, project
management and process improvements using Theory of Constraints and other Agile methodologies. He holds
Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Faculty of Electrotechnical Engineering and Computer Science Maribor,
Slovenia and finish courses related to Constraint Management at Washington State University, USA. Dr. Aljaž
has taught at graduate and post graduate level more than 9 years topic related to performance improvements of
organizations, project management, information technology and telecommunication. Dr. Aljaž received in 2014
Jonah certificate, recognized by Theory Of Constraints International Certification Organization (TOCICO).
***
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Sekcija
Session 2
Materiali in tehnologije
Materials and Technologies
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Materiali kot gradniki razvoja tehnologije in družbe
Materials, necessity for the technology and society advancement
Bojan Podgornik
Inštitut za kovinske materiale in tehnologije | Institute of Metals and Technology, Slovenia
Povzetek
Dandanes so različni inženirski materiali nepogrešljivi v vsakdanjem življenju moderne družbe
in pri tem kot osnovni gradniki uporabljeni v najrazličnejših industrijskih panogah. Prav
inženirski materiali so odločilno doprinesli h tehnološkemu napredku in številnim inovacijam
na praktično vseh področjih, od medicine in zdravja, varnosti, informacijskih tehnologij,
letalstva, telekomunikacij, gradbeništva, transporta, kmetijstva, pa vse do okolja. Kot vidimo
so materiali in poznavanje le teh tesno povezani z inženirstvom. Znanje o materialih pokriva
povezave med mikrostrukturo in lastnostmi materiala (razvoj novih materialov), inženirstvo pa
apliciranje korelacij in lastnosti pri načrtovanju in uporabi materialov glede na zahteve ljudi in
družbe (razvoj novih aplikacij). Na ta način vpostavljata povezavo med bazičnim in
aplikativnim znanjem ter prenos bazičnega znanja v prihajajoče tehnologije in aplikacije. Oboje
pa povezuje struktura in sestava materiala, sintetiziranje in izdelava, prilagajanje lastnosti ter
testiranje in uporaba.
Inženirski materiali, ki vključujejo kovine in zlitine, keramiko, polimere oz. plastiko ter
kompozite bodo imeli v prihodnosti še toliko večjo vlogo pri razvoju in napredovanju družbe.
Dejavniki, ki vplivajo na trende pa so ekonomska stabilnost in stroški, okoljske zahteve,
razvojni trendi, razvoj tradicionalnih materialov, napredek na področju raziskav in razvoja ter
seveda zahteve trga. Pri tem je pomembnost in relevanca inženirskih materialov na prav vseh
nivojih življenja in družbe več kot očitna, z naraščajočimi potrebami po bolj sofisticiranih,
boljših, ekološko sprejemljivih in cenovno ugodnejših materialih. Ne gre pozabiti, da si razvite
industrijske države s hitrim razvojem strateških materialov ustvarjajo nišna področja in s tem
konkurenčno prednost.
In zakaj prav materiali? Zgodovina človeštva je okarakterizirana z dominiranjem materialov
(kamena doba, bronasta doba, železna doba in trenutno doba silicija), ki definirajo napredek in
bogatstvo narodov. Materiali ustvarjajo blaginjo, izboljšujejo standard življenja in so ključ do
doseganja potreb družbe, od varnosti, komunikacij in transporta do zdravstva in bivanja.
Tradicionalni materiali so predvsem strukturni materiali, kot so jeklo, aluminij, beton,
polietilen, steklo in kljub temu, da so vsakdanji in poznani, so se njihove lastnosti v zadnjih
dveh desetletjih drastično izboljšale, stroški izdelave občutno znižali in izdelava postala okolju
prijaznejša. Novi materiali pa se osredotočajo predvsem na izboljšanje oz. doseganje določenih
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funkcij, kot so optične, električne, visoko-temperaturne, magnetne ali biološke lastnosti. Seveda
so trendi različni a komplementarni.
Če želi država prevzeti vodilno oz. vsaj pomembno vlogo v proizvodnji in trgovanju, mora v
prvi vrsti poskrbeti za razvoj in inovativnost na področju materialov. Kot že omenjeno, so
materiali bistven element celotne industrije, od telekomunikacij, energije, avtomobilizma in
transporta do zdravstva. V večini primerov materiali z visoko dodano vrednostjo in razširjeno
funkcionalnostjo omogočajo razvoj novih produktov, tehnologij in panog, medtem ko krepijo
že obstoječo industrijo ter ohranjajo potrebna delovna mesta. V bližnji prihodnosti bo tako
potreben razvoj novih naprednih materialov, kakor tudi povečanje dostopnost in izboljšanje
tradicionalnih materialov. In prav gospodarska rast, prehod k razvojnim dobaviteljem, trajnost
in kvaliteta življenja so odvisni od tega, ali oz. v kolikšni meri bomo te cilje uresničili, pri čemer
trendi in s tem povezana strategija razvoja igrajo ključno vlogo.
Ključne besede: inženirski materiali, razvoj, inženirstvo, tehnologija
Abstract
A variety of Engineering Materials are indispensable for day-to-day life in modern society and
used as basic building blocks in different industries. These engineered materials have vitally
contributed to numerous technological advancements in various fields, including medicine and
health, security, information technology, aerospace, telecommunications, structural
engineering, transportation, agriculture and the environment. Materials Science and Materials
Engineering are closely related. Materials Science deals with the relationships between the
various structures and properties of materials while Materials Engineering mainly involves
applications of the structure-property correlations in designing or engineering the material with
tailored properties. Thus, Materials Science and Engineering combine the basic knowledge and
the emerging applications and form a bridge between the basic sciences and various engineering
disciplines through Synthesis and processing of materials, Structure and composition of
materials, Tailoring the properties of materials, and Testing, performance and applications of
materials.
Engineering Materials including Metals and Alloys, Ceramics, Polymers or Plastics, and
Composites will continue to play an even more significant role in the current and future times.
The factors that will influence this role are the economics and cost, environmental requirements,
developmental trends, depletion of traditional materials, advances in research and development,
and the market drives. The importance and relevance of Engineering Materials in all spheres of
life cannot be over emphasized. Hence, there is a bright future for availability of even more
sophisticated, better and cost effective materials. It is not to be forgotten that well developed
nations are quickly creating niche areas for themselves by developing materials of strategic
value to their competitive advantage.
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And why materials? The ages of mankind are labelled by their dominant materials: the Stone
Age, the Bronze Age, the Iron Age, and now the Silicon Age, which define the sophistication
and wealth of nations. Materials create wealth, improve our standard of living, and are key to
meeting society’s needs, from security, communications and transportation to health and living.
Traditional materials are primarily structural—steel, aluminium, concrete, polyethylene, glass.
Although they are familiar, their properties have been improved dramatically in the past two
decades, while their costs have fallen and their production has become more environmentally
sustainable. Novel materials are primarily functional, with optical, electronic, magnetic, high-
temperature or biological properties.
Increasing Slovenia role or even taking leadership in manufacturing and trade requires
leadership in research and innovation of materials. Materials are essential throughout industry,
in fields such as telecommunication, health care, energy, and automotive. In these and many
other areas, materials with high added value and high functionality strengthen existing
industries and preserve the jobs they provide, while creating new products that enable the
development of new industries and new jobs. In the future, development of novel advanced
materials and the greater availability and affordability of traditional materials are required. The
economic growth, switching toward development suppliers, sustainability, and quality of life
will depend on whether or in which proportion these promises are achieved.
Keywords: engineering materials, development, engineering, technology
Article Classification: Professional Paper
***
Bojan Podgornik is head of Materials and Technology department at the Institute of Metals and Technology and
Professor at the University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering. His work is focused on development
of advanced metallic materials, surface engineering, deep cryogenic treatment and testing of materials. After
defending his Ph.D. in mechanical engineering in 2000 he spent one year as a post-doc researcher at Uppsala
University in Sweden. For his research work he got several awards, among them ICM&T best young researcher
paper award in 1999, American Vacuum Society Bunshah Award in 2006, CSHTSE award for outstanding
presentation on Heat Treatment and Surface Engineering in 2013 and best oral presentation award at the 4 th
Tribology Workshop TriBaires in 2017. He is an author of 36 invited, plenary or keynote lectures, chapter in
Tribology of DLC coatings, Encyclopedia of Iron, Steel and Their Alloys, and ASM Handbook on Friction,
Lubrication and Wear Technology (Vol. 18). He has written more than 140 scientific papers (h-index = 26), over
300 industrial research reports and expertise and made over 250 contributions at international conferences and
congresses. Complete bibliography is available at http://izumbib.izum.si/bibliografije/A20180404210340-
15269.html (researcher's code: 15269).
***
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Razvoj eksperimentalnih metod za določitev reoloških lastnosti polimernih
folij
Development of experimental methods for determination of rheological
properties of polymeric films
Matic Šobak, Anastasiya Golyadkina, Ivan Jerman, Anatolij Nikonov*
Kemijski inštitut | National Institute of Chemistry, Slovenia
Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics, Saratov State University, Russia
*Fakulteta za industrijski inženiring Novo mesto | Faculty of Industrial Engineering Novo mesto, Slovenia
Povzetek
Tanke plasti polimernih materialov so pogosto uporabljene v številnih inženirskih izdelkih kjer
so njihove mehanske lastnosti bistvenega pomena. Razumevanje mehanskih (reoloških)
lastnosti kot je na primer viskoelastični modul za določeno geometrijo (tanke plasti), je
odločilna za stabilnost številnih struktur posebnih naprav. Določena oblika polimera lahko kaže
komaj zaznavne ali pa ogromne razlike v svojih fizikalnih lastnostih v primerjavi z istim
polimerom na makroskopskem nivoju. Razumevanje teh razlik je ključnega pomena za
delovanje inženirskih naprav in sistemov.
Mehanski odziv tankih plasti lahko merimo z uporabo številnih različnih eksperimentalnih
tehnik, vključno z nateznimi ali izboklinskimi testi samostoječih plasti, nanoindentacijo,
tehnike deformacije nosilca in tehnike ukrivljanja podlage. Cilj raziskave je opraviti
eksperimentalno analizo tankih polimernih plasti ter zagotoviti potrebne informacije za
določanje njihovih viskoelastičnih mehanskih lastnosti. V tej študiji je bilo izvedeno natezno
obnašanje tankih plasti PVC materialov z uporabo natezne naprave Instron 5944. Meritve so
bile opravljene pri različnih pogojih obremenitve. Izbrali smo pet različnih hitrosti natezanja, s
katerimi smo pokazali odziv viskoelastičnih filmov in njihovo odvisnost od stopnje
obremenitve. Rezultati so pokazali, da ima testirani PVC material izredno visoko viskoelastično
obnašanje pri sobni temperaturi.
Ključne besede: tanke polimerne plasti, reološke lastnosti, viskoelastični modul, stopnja
obremenitve
Abstract
Thin polymeric films are widely used in many engineering applications, where their mechanical
properties are of primary importance. Understanding the mechanical (rheological) properties,
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e.g. viscoelastic moduli, in confined geometries, such as in thin polymeric films, is critical to
the stability of structures of many special devices. Confined polymers can display subtle or
even dramatic differences in their physical properties when compared to the same polymers in
the bulk state. Understanding these differences is critical to the performance of engineering
devices and systems.
The mechanical response of thin films can be measured using many different experimental
techniques, including tensile or bulge testing of free-standing thin films, nanoindentation, the
beam cantilever deflection technique, and the substrate curvature technique. The objective of
the research is to perform the experimental analysis on thin films with the aim to provide
necessary information for determination of their viscoelastic mechanical properties. In this
study the tensile stress/strain behaviour of PVC consumer plastic thin film materials was
characterized using the commercial tensile machine Instron 5944. Measurements were
performed under different loading conditions. Namely, five different velocities were selected
to demonstrate how the response of viscoelastic films depends on the rate of loading. The results
showed that the material exhibits extremely viscoelastic behaviour at room temperature.
Keywords: thin polymeric films, rheological properties, viscoelastic modulus, rate of loading
Article Classification: Scientific Paper
***
Matic Šobak received his degree in chemical engineering at Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Technology.
Currently he is employed at the National Institute of Chemistry Ljubljana as a researcher and is completing his
masters study at the Jožef Sefan International Postgraduate School. His research interests are in synthesis of flame
retardant materials, self-healing coatings and rheology of polymers.
***
Anastasiya Golyadkina received her PhD in biomechanics at Saratov State University. Currently she is employed
at the Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics, Saratov State University as Associate Professor, and head of
Department of computer simulation in biomedicine and materials science. Her research interests are in the fields
of mechanics, rheology and experimental methods of characterization of viscoelastic properties of polymeric and
biological materials.
***
Ivan Jerman received his PhD in Chemistry at Faculty for Chemistry and Chemical Technology University in
Ljubljana in 2009. Currently he is a head of Coating development group which is a part of Department of Materials
Chemistry. His research interest is focused on particle modification, spectrally selective coating development and
surface modification.
***
Anatolij Nikonov earned his PhD in the field of Mechanics from Sartov State Univerisity in Russia. He works at
the Faculty of Industrial Engineering Novo mesto and is the Chair for Mechanics, Design and Compulter
Engineeriing. His area of research is Mechanics, dynamic construction, phenomena of transient and waves of solid
matters, asymptotic methods in mechanics, rheology and characterization of the viscoelastic properties of polymer
materials, experimental methods.
***
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Aluminijeve zlitine v avtomobilski industriji
Aluminium Materials in the Automotive Industry
Mitja Muhič
Višja strokovna šola, Šolski center Novo mesto | School Center Novo mesto, Higher Vocational School,
Slovenia [email protected]
Povzetek
V avtomobilski industriji se uporabljajo za izdelavo žarometa polimerni materiali, ki jim
oplemenitimo površino z nanosom tanke plasti čistega aluminija. V naši raziskavi je potekal
nanos aluminija na očiščeno površino z vakuumskim naparjanjem. Po nanosu aluminija se je
površina zaščitila s steklu podobno prevleko s postopkom plazemske polimerizacije.
Na osnovi zahtev kupca se kakovost obdelane površine ugotavlja s standardnimi predpisi ali s
predpisi, ki jih zahteva kupec. Zaradi predolgega časa preverjanja kakovosti, ki ga predpisuje
standard, smo iskali nove možnosti kontrole zaščitne plasti. Tako smo primerjali zaščitno plast
s klimatskimi testi, ki jih predpisuje standard SIST EN ISO 6270-2CH. Testi so se izvajali v
certificiranem laboratoriju in so predstavljali referenco rezultatom dobljenih v parni komori.
Rezultati preizkusa so bili primerljivi s preizkusi določenim