3d mammography

3D Mammography3D Mammography

Ernesto Coto Sören Grimm Ernesto Coto Sören Grimm Stefan Bruckner M. Eduard GröllerStefan Bruckner M. Eduard Gröller

Institute of Computer Graphics and AlgorithmsInstitute of Computer Graphics and AlgorithmsVienna University of TechnologyVienna University of Technology

TU WienInstitute of Computer Graphics and Algorithms3D Mammography

MotivationMotivation Breast cancer is the second leading cause of

cancer deaths in women today X-Ray Mammography is currently the primary

method of early detection Interpretation of Mammograms is difficult Radiologists often use CAD for prompting

X-Ray Mammography


MotivationMotivation Capability of X-ray mammography is limited by its

2D representation Other imaging modalities can obtain a full 3D

representation of the breastRendering of MRI Mammographyshowing cancer


IntroductionIntroduction CancerCancer is a disease that causes cells in the body is a disease that causes cells in the body

to divide and reproduce abnormally without controlto divide and reproduce abnormally without control

Breast cancerBreast cancer refers to a malignant tumor that refers to a malignant tumor that has developed from breast cellshas developed from breast cells


Breast AnatomyBreast Anatomy The breast has two main components: glandular The breast has two main components: glandular

tissue and connective tissuetissue and connective tissue


Suspicious Regions Suspicious Regions CalcificationsCalcifications are tiny calcium deposits within the are tiny calcium deposits within the

breast tissuebreast tissue MicrocalcificationsMicrocalcifications MacrocalcificationsMacrocalcifications

MassesMasses SolidSolid Liquid (Cyst)Liquid (Cyst)


Doctors QuestionsDoctors Questions Is there a tumor in the breast?Is there a tumor in the breast? Is the tumor benign or malignant?Is the tumor benign or malignant? Is it a mass, a cyst or a microcalcification cluster?Is it a mass, a cyst or a microcalcification cluster? What’s the location of the tumor?What’s the location of the tumor? What’s the size of the tumor?What’s the size of the tumor? How dense is the breast?How dense is the breast? What’s the extension of the cancer?What’s the extension of the cancer?


Imaging TechnologiesImaging Technologies X-Ray MammographyX-Ray Mammography Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Full-Field Digital MammographyFull-Field Digital Mammography Nuclear ImagingNuclear Imaging TomosynthesisTomosynthesis UltrasoundUltrasound

X-Ray MRI

Ultrasound


Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRIDynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI A tumor is usually well vascularized due to its A tumor is usually well vascularized due to its

strong growthstrong growth

The absorption of contrast-medium in suspicious The absorption of contrast-medium in suspicious regions is perceptibleregions is perceptible

Without contrast

With contrast

Intravenous catheter


Study of contrast agent’s flowStudy of contrast agent’s flow Type I: steady enhancement (straight or curved) Type II: plateau of signal intensity Type III: washout of signal

Possible malignancy

Benign lesion

Strongly suggest malignancy


Answers using DCE-MRIAnswers using DCE-MRI Is there a tumor in the breast?Is there a tumor in the breast?

Segment the contrast agentSegment the contrast agent Is the tumor benign or malignant?Is the tumor benign or malignant?

Study of contrast agent’s flowStudy of contrast agent’s flow Extract features and use them to classify the Extract features and use them to classify the

tumorstumors Is it a mass, a cyst or a microcalcification cluster?Is it a mass, a cyst or a microcalcification cluster?

Quantify segmented region(s)Quantify segmented region(s) What’s the location of the tumor?What’s the location of the tumor?

Estimate position of tumor’s centerEstimate position of tumor’s center


Answers using DCE-MRIAnswers using DCE-MRI What’s the size of the tumor?What’s the size of the tumor?

Calculate largest tumor diameterCalculate largest tumor diameter Calculate volume based on segmented voxelsCalculate volume based on segmented voxels

How dense is the breast?How dense is the breast? Segment glandular tissue + quantificationSegment glandular tissue + quantification


Answers using DCE-MRIAnswers using DCE-MRI What’s the extension of the cancer?What’s the extension of the cancer?

Classify as invasive or non-invasiveClassify as invasive or non-invasive

Non-invasive Invasive


CAD for DCE-MRICAD for DCE-MRI

“Interactive Detection and Visualization of Breast Lesions Using Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) MRI Volumes“, Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics, Elsevier, July 2004.


QuestionsQuestions


SuggestionsSuggestions How can me make this better???How can me make this better???

3d mammography

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