3ª sÉrie vol1
TRANSCRIPT
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Caro(a) aluno(a),
Os conhecimentos produzidos pela humanidade ao longo da histria encontram-se
registrados em textos orais e escritos, nas artes, nas cincias. Os contedos escolares so
planejados para ajud-lo a compreender parte desses conhecimentos na expectativa de
que voc possa, a partir deles, construir novos conhecimentos, criar ormas solidrias
de convivncia, respeitar valores, preservar o meio ambiente e o planeta.
As aulas e as tareas da escola so undamentais para que voc conhea e compreenda
nossa histria, as diversas culturas e suas ormas de maniestao, os modos de pensar
ao longo da histria, as ormas de viver e conviver, os mtodos de azer clculos e a
diversidade do mundo das cincias e das artes...
Com este Caderno, voc poder ampliar suas possibilidades de refexo sobre a
vida e as relaes humanas, que se expressam de dierentes maneiras no cotidiano e
nas obras literrias e artsticas, o que lhe permitir apreciar e aproveitar os benecios
do conhecimento.
Familiarizar-se com as dierentes linguagens e saber us-las adequadamente dar
sentido s relaes que estabelecemos com o outro e com o mundo que nos cerca.
Quando nos expressamos por meio de textos orais, escritos, imagticos, sonoros ecorporais, construmos cultura e nos apropriamos de suas maniestaes, alm de
atuarmos como sujeitos produtivos na sociedade contempornea.
Aprender exige esoro e dedicao, mas tambm envolve curiosidade e criatividade,
que estimulam a troca de ideias e conhecimentos. Por isso, sugerimos que voc
participe das aulas, observe as explicaes do proessor, aa anotaes, exponha suas
dvidas, no tenha vergonha de azer perguntas, procure respostas e d sua opinio.
Caso as tareas lhe paream excessivas, tente priorizar algumas delas e aa um pouco
por dia para que os exerccios no se acumulem.
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Assuma o compromisso de nalizar as tareas, uma vez comeadas. No tenha
receio de expor ao proessor e aos colegas suas dvidas e diculdades, porque a troca
de ideias undamental para a construo do conhecimento. Errar tambm az parte
do aprendizado. Portanto, pea ajuda ao proessor e aos colegas sempre que considerar
a tarea muito dicil.
Elabore uma agenda para azer seus trabalhos e atividades. Escolha um lugar
adequado, onde voc no se distraia quando estiver azendo as tareas. Estabelea
objetivos e comece pelos trabalhos mais exigentes. Faa breves intervalos durante o
estudo para no car exausto.Esperamos que, assim, voc se sinta realizado e recompensado e possa refetir sobre
o quanto aprendeu com este Caderno.
Coordenadoria de Estudos e Normas Pedaggicas CENP
Secretaria da Educao do Estado de So Paulo
Equipe Tcnica de Linguagens e Cdigos
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EXPLORATIONS
Vamos explorar este material juntos? Folheie seu Caderno rapidamente para encontrar as res-postas que completam as rases a seguir.
1. Eu encontro uma lista das competncias e habilidades deste volume na pgina .
2. O ttulo daSituated Learning 1 .
3. ASituated Learning 2comea na pgina .
4. ASituated Learning 3 tem pginas.
5. Nas sees Homework: Focus on Language, eu encontro .
6. A gura de uma tartaruga est na pgina .
7. As pginas trazem trs exemplos de depoimentos de voluntrios.
8. Eu encontro espao para escrever o rascunho de um texto (a drat) na Situated Learning.
9. A seo Learn to Learn est nas pginas e l eu encontro dicas sobre como apren-
der ingls.10. Em Learn more, eu encontro dicas de .
11. Na seo chamada , eu vou registrar o vocabulrio que aprendineste Caderno.
12. Eu posso consultar a seo quando tiver dvidas sobre gramtica.
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Voluntary work as professional experience
Neste Caderno, voc ar atividades que vo ajud-lo a:
1. Reconhecer a organizao de um texto inormativo descritivo e um depoimento deexperincia (testimonial).
2. Conhecer adjetivos que descrevem as qualidades de um voluntrio.
3. Relacionar inormaes, apoiado em inerncias.
4. Inerir signicados para compreender a mensagem de um texto.
5. Levantar hipteses sobre o assunto de um texto e veric-las com base na leitura.
6. Identicar palavras cognatas para auxili-lo na compreenso de um texto.
7. Reconhecer os usos do tempo verbal simple present.
8. Reconhecer os usos do tempo verbalpresent perect.
9. Elaborar um depoimento de experincia (testimonial).
10. rabalhar em equipe, assumindo unes e contribuindo para o trabalho em grupo.
LEARNING TARGETS
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SIUAED LEARNING 1KNOWING ABOU VOLUNARY WORK
1. Read the denition o volunteer and answer: What kind o text is this? Where can you nd it?What is its purpose?
2. Have a look at the ollowing text and answer the questions.
a) What is the text about?b) Who is the target reader?c) What kinds o projects are there?
!?
VOLON (France)
VOLuNteerA volunteer can be a teenager or an adult who works in a community, organized
or not, in dierent kinds o activities or the beneft o the natural environment or social issues. A
volunteer donates his/her time, work, and talent without getting paid or receiving compensation or
services rendered.
VOLuNteer PArK (Seattle, USA)
Volunteer projects in Brazil
There are many opportunities to work as a volunteer in Brazil. Have a look at
these projects.
Hospital work: volunteers can serve at hospitals that attend poor children every
day with all kinds of diseases. It is possible to help at the kitchen, and even play with
children at the physiotherapy room. Volunteers can also work at the toy library in the
pediatric area, play or do arts and crafts with children.
Support house: in many hospitals there are support houses that (to ac-
commodate) children and teenagers under treatment. As time (to pass)
slowly for them, they (to like) to play with volunteers in activities such as
chess, dominoes, bingo, music, and arts.
Childcare and recreation: volunteers can work at preschools with children from
families who live in marginal conditions in different cities in Brazil. The preschools serve
children aged one to six. The volunteers can take part of the classroom lessons and
different activities, such as: art projects, games, play time, and outdoor recreation. It is
also essential to give attention and affection to the children.
English classes: volunteers can offer conversational English lessons for the com-
munity for an hour each day.
If you want further information about volunteer projects in Brazil click here.
Volunteer projects in Brazil
Tere are many opportunities to work as a volunteer in Brazil. Have a look at these projects.Hospital work: volunteers can serve at hospitals that assist poor children with all kinds o diseases. It
is possible to help at the kitchen, and even play with children at the physiotherapy room. Volunteers canalso work at the toy library in the pediatric area, play or do arts and crats with children.
Support house: in many hospitals there are support houses that (to accommodate)children and teenagers under treatment. As time (to pass) slowly or them, they(to like) to play with volunteers in activities such as chess, dominoes, bingo, music, and arts.
Childcare and recreation: volunteers can work at preschools with children rom amilies who livein marginal conditions in dierent cities in Brazil. In Preschools serve children aged one to six. Tevolunteers can take part in the classroom lessons and dierent activities, such as: art projects, games,play time, and outdoor recreation. It is also essential to give attention and aection to the children.
English classes: volunteers can oer conversational English lessons or the community or anhour each day.
I you want urther inormation about volunteer projects in Brazil click here.
Islend on Leki Iroi, suathirn Unterou, Cenede. Ot lois nieddr ndkkdjiEndidieoe
Islend on Leki Iroi, suathirn Unterou, Cenede. Ot lois nier thi
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3. Read the text and answer the questions.
a) How old are the children in preschool?
b) I the volunteer does not work in the medical eld, what can he/she do?
c) How can a volunteer help in the support house?
d) How oten are English classes oered?
4. Look at the paragraph on support houses and complete the gaps using the simple present tenseorm o the verbs in parentheses.
5. Read the text below and write the subtitles in the correct place.
a) Be open-minded
b) Be respectul
c) Be well-trained
Source: Its my lie. Disponvel em: . Acesso em: 29 set. 2009.
Volunteering: How to be a good volunteer
Volunteering is fun and rewarding, but its also a little more complicated
than just showing up and having a good time. Heres some advice on how to
make the most of your volunteer work:
Be selfess. Seless is the opposite of selsh. Dont think about what youcan do to help yourself. Think about what you can do to help others.
Know what youre doing as a volunteer. If you need some time to learn
your job, take that time. If you need training or need someone to show you
what youre supposed to do, speak up. If youre good at your job, it will be
much easier to help others (plus youll have a lot more fun).
Be dependable. Do what you say youll do, and do your best. Dont show
up late, and always keep your promises. People will be relying on you so you
dont want to let them down.
Be enthusiastic. Dont moan and groan your way through your volunteer
work. If you really dont like what youre doing, nd something else. Always have a
positive attitude and show others that youre doing this because you WANT to.
One of the really great things about being a volunteer is the chance to
learn and experience new things. Keep your mind open to new possibilities,
and youll probably grow as a person.
Always remember to show respect for other people and other cultures.
Keep in mind that your way of thinking or living is not the only way there is.
Volunteering: how to be a good volunteer
Volunteering is un and rewarding, but its also a little more complicated than just showing up
and having a good time. Heres some advice on how to make the most o your volunteer work:Be seless. Seless is the opposite o selsh. Dont think about what you can do to help
yoursel. Tink about what you can do to help others.
( ) Know what youre doing as a volunteer. I you need some time to learn your job, take thattime. I you need training or need someone to show you what youre supposed to do, speak up. I youregood at your job, it will be much easier to help others (plus youll have a lot more un).
Be dependable. Do what you say youll do, and do your best. Dont show up late, and alwayskeep your promises. People will be relying on you so dont let them down.
Be enthusiastic. Dont moan and groan your way through your volunteer work. I you really dontlike what youre doing, nd something else. Always have a positive attitude and show others that youredoing this because you WAN to.
( ) One o the really great things about being a volunteer is the chance to learn and experiencenew things. Keep your mind open to new possibilities, and youll probably grow as a person.
( ) Always remember to show respect or other people and other cultures.
Keep in mind that your way o thinking or living is not the only way there is.
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Expansion activities
a) Write i the recommendations below are rue () or False (F), according to the text Volunteering:
how to be a good volunteer.( ) Dont complain about your volunteer work.
( ) Tink about what you can do to help yoursel.
( ) Dont waste time to learn about your volunteer work.
( ) Be punctual.
b) Among the characteristics presented to be a good volunteer, which ones do you have?
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HOMEWORK: FOCUS ON LANGUAGE 1
1. Complete the sentences with the verbs in parentheses. Use the simple present. Follow the example.
a) Brazil (have) several opportunities or voluntary work, but people(not / know) much about them.
b) He (work) in a home or elderly people every Sunday morning.
c) Tey usually (visit) children in an orphanage, but they(not / play) with them, they just (tell) them stories.
d) Albert and Joe (help) in the kitchen o a shelter or homelesspeople in Massachusetts.
e) Lucy (go) to the cinema every Wednesday, but I only(go) once a month.
) Teir car (be) very old. It (make) a lot o noise and it
(not / go) very ast.
2. Read the answers and complete the questions using the simple present.
a) What time to bed?
I usually go to bed about 11 p.m.
b) Where chess?
He plays at the school library.
c) When ?
Tey work rom Monday to Saturday.
d) How oten English classes?
She has English classes twice a week, on uesdays and Tursdays.e) What time home to go to school?
Tey leave home every day at 6:30 a.m.
) How oten the dentist?
We see the dentist twice a year.
has dont know
do you go
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3. Complete the negative sentences using words rom the box. Follow the example.
Japanese much gas classes on Saturday
her phone number to play chess shing
a) Ann / not speak
b) My girlriend / not know / how
c) I / not remember
d) My ather / not like
e) Our new car / not use
) We / not have
4. Te ollowing sentences contain actual mistakes. Correct them. Follow the example.
a) Giraes live in Amazonia.
b) Madonna lives in Italy.
c) Spiderman and Batman rob banks.
d) Sugar comes rom apples.
Ann doesnt speak Japanese.
Giraes dont live in Amazonia. Tey live in Arica.
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e) Brazilian soccer players play badly.
) Most spiders eat plants.
Question: Why did the man throw a bucket o water out o the window?
Answer:Hewantedtoseethewaterall.
FOR FUN
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SIUAED LEARNING 2VOLUNARY WORK: A PERSONAL EXPERIENCE
1. Have a look at the texts below, discover what they are about and match them with the pictures.
!
?
( ) ( )
StephenFrinkCollection/
Alamy-Otherimages
HaroldoPaloJr/Kino
Forest habitats protection projects
Te Volunteer Program has opportunities to work in dierent projects. Here are two
interesting and amous projects in South America.
Turtle Rescue project
Te turtle rescue project attends to dierent species o turtles. It is possible to work withBaula urtles rom October to February and Olive Ridley urtles rom May to September.From March to July the project attends to the Leatherback urtles. Tese kinds o turtlesare threatened by extinction due to over harvesting o eggs, pollution, and shing or theirmeat and leather. Tis program will give the volunteer an opportunity to collaborate in theprotection o endangered wildlie, while getting knowledge about the cultural aspects othe selected country. Please click here or more inormation about this program.
a)
b)
In South America there are some non-prot organizations dedicated to nationally andinternationally amous biological reserves. Tese organizations are considered an importantreerence in the development o environmental education. Volunteers may take part inresearch, education, community service, plant conservation, and other activities carried outin some biological reserves. Please click here to visit the site or urther inormation.
Volunteer news
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2. Read the texts and answer these questions.
a) Who is the reader o this kind o text? How do you know?
b) What is the objective o these texts?
3. Read the testimonials and answer: What kind o rewards can a volunteer have? Explain why.
( ) social awareness
( ) sense o responsibility
( ) sel-condence and sel-esteem
( ) riendship
( ) personal experience
( ) nancial compensation
( ) maturity
Volunteers testimonials
Testimonial 1
I have just nished a 9-week stay at a wildlie rescue centre in a small town in Arica.It was a great opportunity to learn how to work with animals. Accommodations wereclean and comortable. I had the chance to make riends rom dierent countries equallyinterested in helping animals. Te sta was kind, dedicated and demanding about theproject and the animals. I have enjoyed my time there!Mary Ann
Testimonial 2
I have always done a lot o volunteering since I was a teen. In my opinion its veryimportant to volunteer, because you can really learn about helping people. Most Saturdaymornings I go out with some riends to sort donated toys or poor kids. I have sold cookiesto help an orphanage to get money or Christmas presents. I think we can use any personalskill to help people, like playing games with kids, teaching how to cook, to sew, or to playa musical instrument. Volunteering is a really rewarding personal experience!Michael
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4. Complete the sentences using the present perect tense.
a) I (to return) rom our months as a conservation volunteer in Ecuador.
b) Tey (to enjoy) their time in Costa Rica dealing with turtles.
c) I (to book) mysel on a ight to Costa Rica this July to go and teach English.
d) We (to help) the Volunteer Project with their marketing needs.
e) She (to arrive/just) home rom South America.
) We (to spend) one month volunteering in Peru with street children.
g) I (to visit) the websites you listed and contacted these NGOs.
h) He (to spend) our weeks with the animals project in Northern Ecuador.
Expansion activity
Work in groups o 3 students. Write C or Correct and I or Incorrect. Discuss why somesentences are incorrect.
a) ( ) My brother has changed his job.
b) ( ) Laura has gone to India last month.
c) ( ) We think everybody has arrived now.d) ( ) Tey have seen a very nice lm yesterday.
e) ( ) Peter has written to us two weeks ago.
) ( ) I have orgotten your birthday last uesday.
g) ( ) Sorry I have orgotten your name...
Testimonial 3
Since 7th grade I have taught how to play the ute at my church. I teach dierent ages
but my avorite group is the kids rom 6 to 9 years old. I have learned how to be morepatient and responsible rom my experience working with them, and I have gotten betterwith public speaking. In my point o view, volunteering increases maturity, since peoplehave to give up their time or no money in return.
Allan
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a) you ever by plane?
( ) Yes, I have. ( ) No, I havent.
b) your best riend ever with chopsticks?
( ) Yes, he/she has. ( ) No, he/she hasnt. ( ) I dont know.
c) you ever a horse?
( ) Yes, I have. ( ) No, I havent.
d) your mother ever Tai ood?
( ) Yes, she has. ( ) No, she hasnt. ( ) I dont know.
e) you ever a test?
( ) Yes, I have. ( ) No, I havent.
) your teacher ever on V?
( ) Yes, she has. ( ) No, she hasnt. ( ) I dont know.
2. Rewrite the sentences usingor or since and the time expression in brackets. Use the present
perect. Follow the examples.
a) I dont speak Italian nowadays. (three years)
b) Tey distribute Christmas gits to poor children. (2001)
HOMEWORK: FOCUS ON LANGUAGE 2
1. Complete the sentences with the verbs in the box using the present perect tense. Teninterview a riend and collect the answers.
I havent spoken Italian or three years.
Tey have distributed Christmas gits to poor children since 2001.
Have traveled
cook travel eat
ail appear ride ever = j, alguma vez
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Peter: Yes. And what do you do, Joe?
Joe: Im an archeologist.
Peter: Great! Tats really dierent! (d) you (ever / be) to Egypt?
Joe: Yes, as a matter o act, I (e) (live) there or 5 years. Im here on vacation.
Peter: Tats antastic!!
Question: Why did the man throw the butter out o the window?
Answer:Hewantedtoseethebutterfy.
FOR FUN
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SIUAED LEARNING 3VOLUNARY WORK X PROFESSIONAL WORK
1. Have a look at the text and nd the ollowing inormation.
!
?
Volunteer news
Opportunities Street Kids Project
Duration: 1 to 16 weeks
Hours: Mon to Fri, 5 hrs per day
Acti viti es: Teaching, community project, environmental actions
Location: Click here to choose the city
Acco mmod ation: 3* Hotel
Requirements: Aged 18+
Donation: From US$ 875 per week
The Street Kids project is based in different cities in Latin America; you can choose
where you would like to work. The project includes orphanages, educational and environ-
mental program, community project, and vocational training.
The objective of this project is to assist the kids, training them in vocational skills so
that they can make part of the society again.
Daily schedule
It is possible to join the project for a minimum of one week up to four months. Volun-
teers can participate in many activities like: teaching, sports, games, arts, environmental
actions, and vocational training.
The donation includes: airport pick up; project orientation guide; city tour; ac-
commodation; Spanish classes for the rst week.
Volunteer News
Opportunities Street Kids ProjectDuration: 1 to 16 weeksHours: Mon to Fri, 5 hrs per dayActivities: eaching, community project, environmental actionsLocation:Click here to choose the cityAccommodation: 3* HotelRequirements: Aged 18+Donation: From US$ 875 per week
Te Street Kids project is based in dierent cities in Latin America; you canchoose where you would like to work. Te project includes orphanages, educational andenvironmental program, community project and vocational training.
Te objective o this project is to assist the kids, training them in vocational skillsso that they can become part o society again.
Daily schedule
It is possible to join the project or a minimum o one week up to our months.Volunteers can participate in many activities such as: teaching, sports, games, arts,environmental actions, and vocational training.
Te donation includes: airport pick up; project orientation guide; city tour;accommodation; Spanish classes or the rst week.
a) Volunteers age
b) Place where the project is based
c) Price
d) Kind o project
e) What the donation is or
2. Read the text again and answer: () rue or (F) False?
a) Volunteers have to pay to take part in this project. ( )
b) Te minimum period to join the project is 6 months. ( )
c) Volunteers cannot take part in activities like teaching and sports. ( )
d) Volunteers will have Spanish classes. ( )
e) Volunteers will stay in a ve-star hotel. ( )
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3. Read the testimonial and answer.
a) What project is Peter talking about?
b) What did he gain working in that project?
c) What happens when Peter goes to a job interview?
d) According to Peter, is it important to include volunteer work in a rsum? Why?
Volns simonial
I have gained very valuable work experience working as a volunteer in a project assisting street
kids. I have gained confdence in working with people o diverse backgrounds. I think that this ex-
perience has helped me a lot, mainly when I have to look or a job in my area. In job interviews, my
volunteer work experience shown in my resume is usually a topic that calls attention. The interviewer
always wants to know more about that. So, include your volunteer work in your resume! It shows you
are sel-motivated and willing to work hard.
Peter Swan
Volunteers testimonial
I have gained very valuable work experience working as a volunteer in a project assisting street kids. I have gained
condence in working with people o diverse backgrounds. I think that this experience has helped me a lot, mainly when
I have to look or a job in my area. In job interviews, the volunteer work experience shown in my rsum is usually a
topic that calls attention. Te interviewer always wants to know more about that. So, include your volunteer work in your
rsum! It shows you are sel-motivated and willing to work hard.
Peter Swan
4. Volunteering has many benets. ick the ones you agree with. Ten work in small groups andexplain your choices.
Volunteering is an opportunity to:
( ) work in a multicultural environment.
( ) adjust to difcult living conditions.
( ) make new riends.
( ) gain important skills and experience thatwill help you in your proessional lie.
( ) make connections that can lead to ajob or career.
( ) see more o your community and theworld.
( ) build condence and sel-esteem.
( ) develop a sense o achievement orgetting things done and helping others.
( ) use your mind, body and creativity.
( ) eel like youre part o a community.
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Expansion activity
Answer the questions with inormation about yoursel or about someone you know.
a) Have you ever volunteered to help a person, organization or cause?
b) Where?
c) When?
d) What did you do?
e) How did you eel?
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2. Read the chart about Megs tasks or today and say what she has already done or hasnt done yet.Have a look at the examples.
My chores or today
send an e-mail inviting Je or the party next weekend ok
pay the rent Xno
fnish reading the text on medieval history ok
make an appointment with the dentist X no
study or the math test X no
tidy up the bedroom ok
fnish the chemistry report ok
HOMEWORK: FOCUS ON LANGUAGE 3
1. Unscramble the words to make sentences. Follow the example.
a) I / exams. / just / my / have / nal / nished
b) just / dinner. / has / He / had
c) won / My / have / lottery. / cousins / just / the
d) a / has / She / just / CD. / bought / new
e) just / Edward / and / have / married! / Pat
) seen / have / Cathy. / We / just
I have just fnished my fnal exams.
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a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
)
g)
3. Circle the correct word to complete the sentences.
a) Have you ever /yetgone parachuting?
b) I have never / ever eaten snails.
c) She hasnt nished studying this chapter already/yet.
d) Tey havejust/ ever let home.
e) She has already/yetmet a ew amous people.
4. Complete the report about a selection process or volunteers. Put the verbs in brackets into thepresent perect.
She has already sent the email to Je.
She hasnt paid the rent yet.
In some ways, the two 17-year-old boys, Mark Stephen and Karl Scott, are the ideal
candidates or this voluntary program. Tey are knowledgeable, intelligent and adaptable.
Tey (a) (work) with children or two years in an orphanage in
their city. Tey also packed over 500 boxes o ood or seniors in need last year. Mark (b)
(assist) the library sta at school during the Summer Reading
Program or three years. Karl and his amily (c) (prepare) meals
or homeless people or one year and a hal. Tey are on vacation now, but they (d)
(nish) high school yet. Tey (e)
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(never live) abroad, but they speak English. Tey also speak Italian well, but thats no use in
Chile. Te problem is that neither o them () (learn) Spanish at
school.
Question: Why did the man put the clock in the sae?
Answer:Hewantedtosavetime.
FOR FUN
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SIUAED LEARNING 4PRODUCING A ESIMONIAL
1. You are going to write a short testimonial about a voluntary experience. Work in small groups(three or our). You have to interview a volunteer who lives in your city. It may be someonerom your amily or a riend o yours. During the interview, ask about: a) the kind o voluntarywork; b) who does this work; c) where and when it is done; d) what activities are done; e) whythe person does this kind o voluntary work; ) how the person eels doing this kind o work.
2. When the interview is over, discuss the inormation you gathered and complete the ollowingchart using key words.
!
?
drat = rascunho
3. Now, enter more details about the inormation you haveput in the chart. ry to write short sentences to express yourideas. Dont worry about mistakes now, it is only a drat!
What kind o voluntary work are you goingto write about?
Who does it?
Where is it done?
When is it done?
How is it done? What are the activities?
Why does the person do that kind o work?
How does the person eel about doing that work?
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4. ry to link your ideas using words to connect the sentences in the testimonial (but, however,also, in addition, and, moreover, so, when), and check i you used the appropriate verb tenses(simple present, present perect, simple past). Have a look at the testimonials rom Situated
Learning 2and 3 to help you organize your text.
5. It is time to share texts. Swap drats with another group. Readyour riends testimonial careully and help them improvetheir text. How can it be better? Do you have any suggestions?
Are the verbs in the correct tense? What about spelling andpunctuation?
6. Now, get your text back. Read it again and try to make corrections.
7. o round it o, produce the nal version o your testimonial. Hang it on the wall, read yourclassmates texts and talk about the personal experience described in each testimonial.
swap = trocar
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PRODUCING A ESIMONIAL
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LEARN TO LEARN
Using a bilingual dictionary
Aqui voc vai aprender um pouco mais sobre como usar o dicionrio para estudar ingls.
Phrasal verb o nome dado a um tipo de expresso bastante comum na lnguainglesa. Phrasal verbs so ormados por um verbo e uma ou mais partculas, e essacombinao verbo + partcula (preposio/advrbio) pode ter um signicado die-rente do signicado desse verbo isoladamente. Por exemplo, o verbo look signica
olhar; j ophrasal verb look ater signica cuidar, tomar conta.
1. No verbete a seguir, qual a abreviao utilizada para indicar a lista dephrasal verbse suastradues? E quantosphrasal verbsso apresentados?
turn vi, vtvirar(-se), azer girar, dar voltas LOC to turn a blind eye (to sth) azervista grossa (para algo) to turn back the clockvoltar ao passado to turn over a newleacomear vida novaPHRAS to turn away (rom sb/sth) aastar-se (de algum/algo) to turn sb/sth down rejeitar/recusar algum/algo to turn sth oapagar, desligaralgo to turn sth on acender, ligar algo to turn up chegar, aparecer.
2. Sublinhe no verbete todas as ocorrncias das abreviaes sb e sth. Complete ento otrecho a seguir usando as palavras: algo, algum, objeto, pessoa, somebody, something.
A abreviao sb representa a palavra em ingls, que em portugus
signica . A abreviao sth representa a palavra
em ingls, que em portugus signica . Portanto, quando leio to turn
sth o, no dicionrio, interpreto que necessrio substituir a abreviao sth pelo nome de
um . Assim, posso dizer, por exemplo, urn the radio o (Desligue o
rdio). J no caso de to turn sb/sth down, vejo que possvel usar o nome de um objeto (sth)
ou de uma (sb). Ento posso dizer, por exemplo, Te boss turned theapplicant down (O chee recusou o candidato).
Os verbetes de dicionrio tambm apresentam a traduo de algumas expressesidiomticas e rases mais requentes. Do portugus para o ingls, no verbete pai, porexemplo, pode constar a expresso tal pai, tal lho (like ather, like son).
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3. Releia o verbete do verbo turn e encontre a abreviao utilizada para indicar a lista de ex-presses idiomticas e suas tradues. Quantas expresses so apresentadas?
Releia as expresses idiomticas no verbete e compare-as com suas respectivastradues em portugus. A traduo corresponde exatamente s palavras da expressoem ingls? Por qu?
Tink about it!
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VOCABULARY LOG
Aqui voc vai registrar o vocabulrio que aprendeu neste Caderno. Escolha uma palavraou expresso nas Situated Learning1, 2 e 3 e escreva cada uma delas no campo 1 (My word orexpression). No campo 2 (Defnition or translation), voc anota uma denio ou traduo para apalavra. Depois, no campo 3 (Association, example or picture), escreva algo ligado primeira palavraou um exemplo; voc tambm pode azer uma ilustrao nesse espao. No campo 4 (Sentence romthe text), voc anota a rase em que a palavra apareceu no Caderno.
Sentence
from the text
Situated Learning 1
Sentence
from the text
Situated Learning 1
Sentence
from the text
Situated Learning 2
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Sentence
from the text
Situated Learning 2
Sentence
from the text
Situated Learning 3
Sentence
from the text
Situated Learning 3
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LEARN MORE
Para aprender mais sobre os contedos deste Caderno, sugerimos uma lista de msicas(songs), sitese lmes (flms) com os quais voc pode ampliar suas oportunidades de aprenderingls.
Songs
Para encontrar as letras das msicas sugeridas, basta escrever o ttulo, o nome do artista ea palavralyricsem seu sitede busca preerido.
Heal the World(Michael Jackson). With a Little Help From My Friends(Te Beatles). Help (Te Beatles). Youve Got a Friend(James aylor).
Film
O Amor Contagioso (Patch Adams). Direo: om Shadyac. EUA, 1998. 115 min. 12 anos.O estudante de medicina Patch Adams procura em seus proessores respostas para suas
vrias dvidas a respeito da ormao prossional. Para Patch, alta humanidade narelao entre mdico e paciente, ento ele cria um trabalho que se espalha por todo omundo, que no Brasil est representado pelos Doutores da Alegria: pessoas prepara-das para visitar pacientes e azer com que eles riam, movimentando a energia e ora queest dentro de cada um. O lme desperta a solidariedade a partir de atos.
Sites
Para saber mais sobre trabalhos voluntrios e depoimentos pessoais de experincias comovoluntrio, em ingls, voc pode visitar os seguintes endereos:
. Acesso em: 29 set. 2009. . Acesso em: 29 set. 2009. . Acesso em: 29 set. 2009. . Acesso em:
29 set. 2009.
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. Acesso em: 29 set. 2009.
. Acesso em: 29set. 2009.
. Acesso em: 29 set. 2009. . Acesso em: 29 set. 2009.
Para azer atividades adicionais sobre os usos do tempo verbalpresent perect, visite:
. Acesso em: 29 set. 2009. . Acesso em:
29 set. 2009.
. Acesso em: 29set. 2009.
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INSTANT LANGUAGE
Nesta seo de seu Caderno, voc encontra alguns contedos lingusticos sistematizados emtabelas para auxili-lo em seu trajeto de aprendizagem da lngua inglesa. Voc pode usar essas tabelascomo um material de reerncia e consult-las mesmo quando estiver usando outros Cadernos!
open-minded
respectul
well-trained
sel-condentknowledgeable
intelligent
exible
seless
dependableenthusiastic
Some adjectives
to play with someone
to give something to someoneshow up
have a good time
do your best
keep your mind open
take part inbe interested in
call ones attention
Some verbs & phrases
always
usually
sometimes
rarely
never
once a week/month/year
twice a week/month/year
three times a week/month/year
Some requency words & expressions
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Simple Present
Afrmative
IWeYouTey
playsoccerevery day
HeShe
It
plays soccerevery day
Negative
IWeYouTey
dontplaysoccerevery day
HeShe
It
doesntplaysoccerevery day
Interrogative
Do
Iwe
youthey
playsoccerevery day?
Doeshe
sheit
playsoccerevery day?
Simple Present: verb TO BE
Afrmative
Iam a goodlistener.
HeShe
It
is a goodlistener.
WeYouTey
are goodlisteners.
Negative
Iam nota goodlistener.
HeShe
It
is nota goodlistener.(or)isnta goodlistener.
WeYouTey
are notgoodlisteners.(or)arentgoodlisteners.
Interrogative
Am Ia goodlistener?Is
heshe
it
Are weyouthey
goodlisteners?
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Present Perect
Afrmative
IWeYouTey
haveplayedsoccer or 5years.
HeShe
It
has playedsoccer or 5years.
Negative
IWeYouTey
have not playedsoccer or 5 years.(or)havent playedsoccer or 5 years.
HeShe
It
has not playedsoccer or 5 years.(or)hasnt played
soccer or 5 years.
Interrogative
Have
Iwe
youthey
playedsoccer or 5years?
Hashe
sheit
I have never seen a ghost. (Eu nuncavium antasma.)
Peter hasjustlet. (Peter acabou de sair.)
Janet and Jean have already nishedtheir homework. (Janet e Jeanjacaba-ram a lio de casa.)
Tey havent arrivedyet. (Eles aindanochegaram.)
Have you ever been to Argentina? (Vocjoi Argentina? Voc alguma vez jesteve na Argentina?)
I have studied English or 7 years. (Euestudo ingls h7 anos.)
I have lived in this house since I wasborn. (Eu moro nesta casa desde quenasci.)
Present Perect: usage
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Some irregular verbs
BASE FORM PAST PARTICIPLE
be was, were been
become became become
build built built
buy bought bought
do did done
drink drank drunk
eat ate eaten
all ell allen
orget orgot orgotten
get got got, gotten
give gave given
go went gone
grow grew grown
have had had
know knew known
lead led led
leave let letlose lost lost
make made made
meet met met
read read read
ride rode ridden
see saw seen
send sent sent
spend spent spenttake took taken
tell told told
wear wore worn
write wrote written
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SELF-ASSESSMENT
Releia a lista de expectativas de aprendizagem na seo Learning argets. Em seguida, olheieseu Caderno e procure relacionar essas expectativas s atividades que voc realizou. Por m, registre,nas linhas a seguir, o que voc j sabia, o que voc aprendeu e o que voc gostaria de aprender maisnos prximos meses!
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