35 examples from mali, the dr congo and pakistan cash transfer programming in insecure environments
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35
Examples from Mali, the DR Congo and Pakistan
Cash Transfer Programming in Insecure Environments
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44 countries44 countries
MaliMali
Democratic Republic of CongoDemocratic Republic of Congo
PakistanPakistan
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Assessments and AnalysesAssessments and Analyses
• Needs Assessment
• Market Assessment
• Security Analysis
• Governance and Social Dynamics Analysis
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Delivery MechanismsDelivery Mechanisms
• E-transfers/ e-vouchers
• Smart cards (debit, credit, ATM, SQuid, etc.)
• Direct cash delivery
• Cheques
• Third party delivery (hawala, remittance offices, MFIs, etc.)
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MALIMALI Cash VouchersCash Vouchers
• Context: 2012 -2013 emergency food needs – political instability
• Targeted: 2,315 HHs (1st round)
1,312 HH (2nd round)
• Size and frequency: USD $70/month x 3 mos. (1st round)
USD $90/month x 2 mos. (2nd round)
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MALIMALI Cash VouchersCash Vouchers
• Challenges:
– Basic infrastructure
– Sharia law for first six months
– New conflict Jan 2013 as Malian and French militaries took control of N. Mali
• Outcomes: – 100% bought food
– 100% bought hygiene items
– 10% bought animal feed
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Lessons Learned from Mali
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From Haiti to Nepal
Electronic Voucher Assistance Program (ELEVATE)
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DR of CONGODR of CONGO Electronic Cash VouchersElectronic Cash Vouchers
• Context: Long-term conflict, 2013 recent fighting and displacement, basic needs
• Targeted: 2,000 HHs total
(377 HHs first fair)
• Size and frequency: USD $80/one-time
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DR of CONGODR of CONGO Electronic Cash VouchersElectronic Cash Vouchers
• Challenges:
– Basic infrastructure
– Displacement
– Distance between beneficiaries and markets
– No functioning financial institutions in the area making moving money difficult
– No widespread public communications systems
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Lessons Learned from DR of Congo
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PAKISTANPAKISTAN Cash for WorkCash for Work
• Context: 2010 massive flooding
• Targeted: 27,085 HHs–19,917 two rounds of CFW–7,168 one round of CFW
• Size and frequency: –Two rounds of CFW
–Cash Working Group set wages
–$74 per 21 days of work
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PAKISTANPAKISTAN Cash for WorkCash for Work
• Challenges:
– Basic infrastructure (roads, network)
– Tools
– Insecurity
– Culturally-appropriate work for women
• Outcomes: Cash used for…– Food and debt repayment
– Housing rehabilitation
– Healthcare
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Lessons Learned from Pakistan
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Similarities of CTP in Insecure Environments
• Assessments are critical
• Beneficiary Selection Challenges– Transparency, neutrality – Community Complaint Mechanism is important
• Vendor Selection Challenges– Door-to-door, community meeting, public posting– Transparency important for security– In crises, vendors may also be considered beneficiaries
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Similarities of CTP in Insecure Environments
• Delivery Mechanism Selection – Delivery mechanism tailored to local context– Time and cost (faster and safer, possibly more expensive)
• Project monitoring– Project monitoring more difficult in insecure contexts– Community complaint mechanisms are important– Diverse staffing is essential
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THANK YOUTHANK YOU