Society in the Roaring Society in the Roaring TwentiesTwenties

Theme 1: A disillusioned America turned away Theme 1: A disillusioned America turned away from idealism and reform after World War I and from idealism and reform after World War I and toward isolationism in foreign affairs, domestic toward isolationism in foreign affairs, domestic

social conservatism and the pleasures of social conservatism and the pleasures of prosperity.prosperity.

Theme 2: New technologies, mass-marketing Theme 2: New technologies, mass-marketing techniques, and new forms of entertainment techniques, and new forms of entertainment fostered rapid cultural change along with a fostered rapid cultural change along with a

focus on consumer goods. But the focus on consumer goods. But the accompanying changes in moral values and accompanying changes in moral values and

uncertainty about the future produced cultural uncertainty about the future produced cultural anxiety as well as sharp intellectual critiques of anxiety as well as sharp intellectual critiques of

American life. American life.

I. Politics (Socialism v. Anti-I. Politics (Socialism v. Anti-Socialists)Socialists)

A.A. New Socialist IdeasNew Socialist Ideas1.1. Bolshevik Revolution Bolshevik Revolution

sparked paranoia in USsparked paranoia in US2.2. Labor’s UnrestLabor’s Unrest3.3. Wall Street bombingWall Street bombing

B.B. Anti-socialists campaign Anti-socialists campaign (“Red Scare”)(“Red Scare”)A.A. A. Mitchell PalmerA. Mitchell Palmer

a.a. 5,000 arrests in 19205,000 arrests in 1920B.B. Labor’s “closed shop” Labor’s “closed shop”

denounceddenouncedC.C. Loyalty Oaths Loyalty Oaths D.D. Sacco and Vanzetti, 1921Sacco and Vanzetti, 1921

Palmer Raid on headquarters of IWW, 1920

II. Race (nativism v II. Race (nativism v multiculturalism)multiculturalism)

A.A. KKK-reaction against KKK-reaction against modernity and diversitymodernity and diversity1.1. Rise of KKK in midwest Rise of KKK in midwest

and “bible belt”and “bible belt”a.a. Birth of a Nation, 1915Birth of a Nation, 1915

2.2. Demise of KKKDemise of KKKa. David Stephenson, 1925a. David Stephenson, 1925

3.3. 1921 Emergency Quota 1921 Emergency Quota Act (3% in 1910-3 words)Act (3% in 1910-3 words)

4.4. 1924 Immigration Act (2% 1924 Immigration Act (2% in 1890-2 words)in 1890-2 words)a.a. All immigrant groups All immigrant groups

restrictedrestrictedB.B. Popular Pluralism plants Popular Pluralism plants

seed of multiculturalismseed of multiculturalism

Old Immigration building on Angel Island.

III. Economy (regulated v. III. Economy (regulated v. unregulated)unregulated)

A.A. Economic BoomEconomic Boom1.1. Transition to peacetime Transition to peacetime

economyeconomy2.2. Andrew Mellon lowered Andrew Mellon lowered

taxestaxes3.3. New IndustriesNew Industries

a.a. light metals, synthetics, light metals, synthetics, movies, consumer movies, consumer electronics, radio, electronics, radio, construction, advertising, construction, advertising, autoauto

4.4. Stock MarketStock Marketa.a. Loans and “Buying on Loans and “Buying on

Margin” Margin” 5.5. Scientific ManagementScientific Management

a.a. F. TaylorF. Taylorb.b. Henry Ford Henry Ford

IV. Lifestyle (traditional v IV. Lifestyle (traditional v liberal)liberal)

A.A. Moral ValuesMoral Values1.1. Scopes Trial, 1925Scopes Trial, 19252.2. Prohibition, 1919Prohibition, 19193.3. Sexual RevolutionSexual Revolution

B.B. TransportationTransportationC.C. CommunicationCommunicationD.D. EntertainmentEntertainment

1.1. HollywoodHollywood2.2. Jazz and FlappersJazz and Flappers3.3. Harlem RenaissanceHarlem Renaissance4.4. Literature and Art FlourishedLiterature and Art Flourished

a.a. F. S. Fitzgerald- F. S. Fitzgerald- This Side of This Side of Paradise & G. GatsbyParadise & G. Gatsby

b.b. E. Hemingway- E. Hemingway- The Sun Also Rises The Sun Also Rises & Farewell to Arms& Farewell to Arms

c.c. Sinclair Lewis- Sinclair Lewis- Main Street & Main Street & BabbittBabbitt

d.d. William Faulkner- William Faulkner- Sound and Fury Sound and Fury & As I Lay Dying& As I Lay Dying

e.e. Poets: Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, ee Poets: Ezra Pound, T.S. Eliot, ee cummingscummings

f.f. Architect: Frank Lloyd WrightArchitect: Frank Lloyd WrightE.E. Economic “Joyride” for investorsEconomic “Joyride” for investors

Falling Water and Marin Civic Center- designed by Frank L. Wright

VocabularyVocabulary► Syndicalism: A theory or movement that advocates bringing all economic and political Syndicalism: A theory or movement that advocates bringing all economic and political

power into the hands of labor unions by means of strikes. (p. 729)power into the hands of labor unions by means of strikes. (p. 729)► Bible Belt: The region of the American South, extending roughly from North Carolina Bible Belt: The region of the American South, extending roughly from North Carolina

west of Oklahoma and Texas, where Protestant Fundamentalism and belief in literal west of Oklahoma and Texas, where Protestant Fundamentalism and belief in literal interpretation of the Bible have traditionally been strongest. (p. 730)interpretation of the Bible have traditionally been strongest. (p. 730)

► Provincial: Narrow and limited; isolated from cosmopolitan influences. (p. 730)Provincial: Narrow and limited; isolated from cosmopolitan influences. (p. 730)► Racketeer: A person who obtains money illegally by fraud, bootleggin, gambling, or Racketeer: A person who obtains money illegally by fraud, bootleggin, gambling, or

threats of violence. (736-737)threats of violence. (736-737)► Credit: In business, the arrangement of purchasing goods and services immediately but Credit: In business, the arrangement of purchasing goods and services immediately but

making the payment at a later date. (739)making the payment at a later date. (739)► Installment Plan: A credit system by which goods already acquired are paid for in a Installment Plan: A credit system by which goods already acquired are paid for in a

series of payments at specified intervals” (741)series of payments at specified intervals” (741)► Magnate: An influential person in a large-scale enterprise. (screen magnates, 744-45)Magnate: An influential person in a large-scale enterprise. (screen magnates, 744-45)► Repression: In psychology, the forcing of instincts or ideas painful to the conscious mind Repression: In psychology, the forcing of instincts or ideas painful to the conscious mind

into the unconscious, where they continue to exercise influence. (Viennese physicians, into the unconscious, where they continue to exercise influence. (Viennese physicians, 746)746)

► Charismatic: Concerning the personal magnetism or appeal of a leader for his or her Charismatic: Concerning the personal magnetism or appeal of a leader for his or her follower. (Marcus Garvey, 748)follower. (Marcus Garvey, 748)

► Functionalism: The theory that a plan or design should be derived from practical Functionalism: The theory that a plan or design should be derived from practical purpose. (architecture, 750)purpose. (architecture, 750)

► Surtax: A special tax, usually involving a raised rate on an already existing tax. Surtax: A special tax, usually involving a raised rate on an already existing tax. (Congress abolished, 752).(Congress abolished, 752).

Putting Things In OrderPutting Things In Order(use the information from chapter 31 to (use the information from chapter 31 to

answer these questions) answer these questions) ► 1.The trial of a Tennessee high school biology 1.The trial of a Tennessee high school biology

teacher symbolizes a national conflict over values teacher symbolizes a national conflict over values of religion and scienceof religion and science

► 2.Fear of the Bolshevik revolution sparks a 2.Fear of the Bolshevik revolution sparks a crusade against radicals and communist in crusade against radicals and communist in AmericaAmerica

► 3.A modest man becomes a national hero by 3.A modest man becomes a national hero by accomplishing the feat of aviationaccomplishing the feat of aviation

► 4.Two Italian immigrants are convicted of murder 4.Two Italian immigrants are convicted of murder and robbery, provoking charges of prejudice and robbery, provoking charges of prejudice against the judge and juryagainst the judge and jury

Putting Things In Order Putting Things In Order AnswersAnswers

►A.3A.3►B.1B.1►C.4C.4►D.2D.2