3-2 Energy Flow

Page 67

A. Producers

• 1. Sunlight is the main source of energy for life on earth.

• 2. Energy gets transferred from producers, or autotrophs (make their food).

• 3. Organisms use sunlight to make sugar by the process of photosynthesis.

A. Producers

A. Producers

• 4. An exception are the organisms living in the deep ocean where light does not reach.

A. Producers

• 5. When organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates, the process is called chemosynthesis.

A. Producers

• 6. Deep-ocean communities get energy from consuming bacteria (they use hydrogen sulfide to make food).

video

B. Consumers

• 1. Consumers, or heterotrophs, eat other organisms.

B. Consumers

• 2. Herbivores eat plants.

B. Consumers

• 3. Carnivores eat other animals.

B. Consumers

• 4. Omnivores eat both plants and animals.

B. Consumers• 5. Decomposers break down dead organisms

(include bacteria and fungi).

B. Consumers

• 6. Detritivores feed on dead matter (detritus) such as plant and animal remains.– Ex: mites, earthworms, snails

Brainstorm (2 of each)

• Herbivore• Carnivore• Omnivore• Decomposer

C. Feeding Relationships

• 1. When organisms consume each other, energy is transferred.

C. Feeding Relationships• 2. A food chain is the path of energy transfer

from one organism to the next as it is consumed.

Organize: Start with organism that is at the top of the food chain then move down!

• Organisms: Tiger, Grass, Rabbit, Wolf, Fox• Labels: Producer, Autotroph, Heterotroph,

First Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer(Top Carnivore)

Quick Activity!

• Each paper has the name of an organism. Find 3 other people to form a food chain with!

• When you complete your group of 4, Find a table to sit down at.

C. Feeding Relationships

• 3. A food web includes more organisms than a food chain and shows their feeding relationships.

Quick Activity!

• Food Web!• Using the same cards lets make a class food

web using yarn!• Start with the sun, move to plants, move to

herbivores, finish with carnivores!

C. Feeding Relationships

• 4. Each step of energy transfer is called a trophic level.

C. Feeding Relationships

• 5. Ecological or Energy pyramids visualize the loss of energy between trophic levels.

C. Feeding Relationships

• 6. Only 10% of the available energy is able to pass to the next trophic level, the other 90% is lost as heat.

Quick Demo!

• Energy Loss!

C. Feeding Relationships

• 7. The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called biomass.

Project:

• Make an energy pyramid