29.4 victory in europe and the pacific
DESCRIPTION
29.4 Victory in Europe and the Pacific. Objective 1: Summarize how the Allies began to push back Japan in the Pacific. Objective 2: Describe the reasons for the final defeat of the Axis. . Dresden. Dresden “total war” episode part of unconditional surrender. Necessary? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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29.4Victory in Europe and the Pacific
Objective 1: Summarize how the Allies began to push back Japan in the Pacific.Objective 2: Describe the reasons for the final defeat of the Axis.
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Dresden
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Surrender• Dresden “total war”
episode part of unconditional surrender. Necessary?
• 3 million allies from southwest, 6 million Russians from east.
• Hitler kills himself 4/30, Berlin falls 5/2.
• May 8, 1945. V-E Day.
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Pacific Tactics and Aftermath
• Japanese used harsh tactics and followed bushido code.
• Bataan, Philippines surrender 80,000 US troops in Feb. after harsh fighting and shortages.
• Bataan Death March
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Prisoners
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THE PACIFIC CAMPAIGN
• Who leads the way?– U.S. Navy (w/ Marines): Adm. Chester W. Nimitz– U.S. Army: Gen. Douglas MacArthur
• Strategy:– 2-Pronged Strategy: • Strangle Japanese shipping• Isolate & Eliminate Japanese–held islands
– Additional 3rd Element:• Bombing campaign against Japanese mainland
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MacArthur’s Plan• Looked to go on offensive after
initial victories.• Looked to move towards Japan
by “island hopping” and cutting supply lines.
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Japanese Retreat
• MacArthur retakes Philippines (“I have returned”)• Battle of Leyte Gulf last gamble and loss for
Japanese. Wiped out Navy.• Army, kamikaze only options left. • Bloody fighting at Iwo Jima • Okinawa (Japan 100,000 v. 50,000 US)
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Kamikaze• “Divine Wind”• Used in Battle of Leyte Gulf,
Philippines• 424 kamikaze pilots sunk 16
ships, damaged 80• Similar suicidal resistance
shown by Japanese army on Iwo Jima, Okinawa
• Okinawa: 1900 kamikaze attacks sink 30 ships, damage 300, kill 5,000 sailors
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Iwo Jima
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Atomic Bomb• Tokyo firebombing and
others means?• Manhattan Project
-First successful test in July 1945 at Alamogordo, New Mexico
• Truman decides to drop bomb for which reason?
• August 6, Hiroshima=73,000 dead.
• Aug. 9 Nagasaki, 37,500 dead
• Surrender to MacArthur Sep. 2. (V-J Day)
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DETONATION SEQUENCE
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NAGASAKI BOMBINGAUGUST 9, 1945
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Nagasaki Before and After
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Hiroshima Aftermath
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Allies Military Dead Military Wounded Civilian Dead
France 213,000 400,000 350,000
Britain 264,000 277,000 93,000
United States 292,000 672,000 6,000
Soviet Union 7,500,000 14,012,000 15,000,000
Axis Military Dead Military Wounded Civilian Dead
Italy 242,000 66,000 153,000
Japan 1,300,000 4,000,000 672,000
Germany 3,500,000 5,000,000 780,000