263004_經濟學一期中考.pdf

5
1/4 經濟學一期中考 Fall 2015 一、選擇題( 36%() 作業題 (12%) 1. Last month, sellers of good Y took in $100 in total revenue on sales of 50 units of good Y. This month sellers of good Y raised their price and took in $120 in total revenue on sales of 40 units of good Y. At the same time, the price of good X stayed the same, but sales of good X increased from 20 units to 40 units. We can conclude that goods X and Y are a. substitutes, and have a cross-price elasticity of 0.60. b. complements, and have a cross-price elasticity of -0.60. c. substitutes, and have a cross-price elasticity of 1.67. d. complements, and have a cross-price elasticity of -1.67. Table 1 Assume that England and Spain can switch between producing cheese and producing bread at a constant rate. Labor Hours Needed to Make 1 Unit of Number of Units Produced in 40 Hours Cheese Bread Cheese Bread England 1 4 40 10 Spain 4 8 10 5 2. Refer to Table 1. England should specialize in the production of a. cheese and Spain should specialize in the production of bread. b. bread and Spain should specialize in the production of cheese. c. both goods and Spain should specialize in the production of neither good. d. neither good and Spain should specialize in the production of both goods. 3. Refer to Table 1. At which of the following prices would both England and Spain gain from trade with each other? a. 16 units of bread for 16 units of cheese b. 16 units of bread for 24 units of cheese c. 16 units of bread for 48 units of cheese d. England and Spain could not both gain from trade with each other at any price. 4. If leisure were an inferior good, then labor supply curves a. would all be negatively sloped. b. would all be positively sloped.

Upload: ahui-chung

Post on 01-Feb-2016

12 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

263004_經濟學一期中考.pdf

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: 263004_經濟學一期中考.pdf

1/4

經濟學一期中考

Fall 2015

一、選擇題(36%)

(一) 作業題(12%)

1. Last month, sellers of good Y took in $100 in total revenue on sales of 50 units of good Y. This month sellers of good Y raised their price and took in $120 in total revenue on sales of 40 units of good Y. At the same time, the price of good X stayed the same, but sales of good X increased from 20 units to 40 units. We can conclude that goods X and Y are

a. substitutes, and have a cross-price elasticity of 0.60. b. complements, and have a cross-price elasticity of -0.60. c. substitutes, and have a cross-price elasticity of 1.67. d. complements, and have a cross-price elasticity of -1.67.

 Table 1 Assume that England and Spain can switch between producing cheese and producing bread at a constant rate.

Labor Hours Needed to Make 1 Unit of

Number of Units Produced in 40 Hours

Cheese Bread Cheese Bread England 1 4 40 10 Spain 4 8 10 5

2. Refer to Table 1. England should specialize in the production of

a. cheese and Spain should specialize in the production of bread. b. bread and Spain should specialize in the production of cheese. c. both goods and Spain should specialize in the production of neither good. d. neither good and Spain should specialize in the production of both goods.

3. Refer to Table 1. At which of the following prices would both England and

Spain gain from trade with each other? a. 16 units of bread for 16 units of cheese b. 16 units of bread for 24 units of cheese c. 16 units of bread for 48 units of cheese d. England and Spain could not both gain from trade with each other at any

price.  

4. If leisure were an inferior good, then labor supply curves a. would all be negatively sloped. b. would all be positively sloped.

Page 2: 263004_經濟學一期中考.pdf

2/4

c. would all be vertical. d. could still be positively or negatively sloped.

5. A Giffen good is a good for which

a. a decrease in the price decreases the quantity demanded. b. the income effect outweighs the substitution effect. c. an increase in the price decreases the quantity demanded. d. Both a) and b) are correct.

 

6. Good X is an inferior good but not a Giffen good. When the price of X increases, the consumer will consume a. more X. b. the same amount of X. c. less X. d. more or less X depending on the size of the income effect relative to the size of

the substitution effect.

(二) 多重選擇題(24%) 7. 下列對市場均衡之描述何者有誤?

a. 只要有供需,市場均衡必定存在 b. 為需求曲線與供給曲線之交點 c. 若無其他因素改變供需,市場將持續保持均衡 d. 個人之行為無法影響市場均衡 e. 若社會上所有人的需求曲線相同,則市場需求曲線為所有個人需求曲線

的垂直加總。I-p24

8. 吸菸有害健康,為減少民眾對菸的消費政府決定進行價格管制,此一措施的

成效取決於 a. 所得彈性 b. 供給彈性 c. 政府魄力 d. 需求彈性 III-p27 e. 替代彈性

9. 下列對於季芬財 (Giffen goods) 之敘述何者為真?

a. 價格上升,需求量減少 b. 所得增加,需求量減少 c. 所得增加,需求量增加 d. 價格上升,需求量增加 e. 必定為劣等財

Page 3: 263004_經濟學一期中考.pdf

3/4

10. 某人對普洱茶(X)與東方美人茶(Y)的效用函數為 U=4X+3Y,而普洱茶與

東方美人茶的價格皆為 20。若此人的所得為 100,則其 適選擇為 a. X=0;Y=5 b. 任何滿足預算線之商品組合皆可 c. X=5;Y=0 d. X=3; Y=2 e. 沒有 適解。

11. 倘若某位 64 歲的高階經理人員李先生每月收入為 25 萬元,因有四家管顧公

司希望能在李先生退休後聘用他,四家公司所提出的月薪條件如以下 A-D 四

種。依據表格,下列敘述何者正確? a. 李先生選擇 C、D 公司的機會成本相同 b. 李先生繼續工作的機會成本為 36 萬元 c. 李先生應選擇退休 d. 李先生選擇 B 公司的機會成本為 28 萬元 e. 李先生應服務至滿 65 歲再退休

管顧公司 A B C D

月薪 36 萬 30 萬 24 萬 28 萬

12. 如果鋼鐵業者預期鋼鐵的價格在六個月後會升高,現在市場上將出現何現

象? a. 鋼鐵市場不會有任何變動 b. 現在對鋼鐵的需求會下降 c. 現在對鋼鐵的供給會下降 d. 汽車未來的需求會增加 e. 造成鋼鐵在市場的供給量下降

二、計算問答題(64%)

1. (4%) 倘若社會上發生物價膨脹的現象,使所有的商品價格以及個人名目所得

水準皆等比例上升 5%,請問這樣的現象對於消費者的消費行為有何影響?其

原因為何?

2. (5%) ,或是在二手車場中購買一台狀況相似的車,價格為 2,500 元,這樣的

情況下,你會建議她怎麼做選擇?原因為何? 支付 2000 元修理費的總成本: 3000+2000=5000 買一台狀況相似二手車的總成本: 3000+2500=5500

Page 4: 263004_經濟學一期中考.pdf

4/4

3. 假設商務旅客與觀光客對台北飛檳城的機票需求表如下:

價格 需求量 (商務旅客)

需求量 (觀光客)

10,000 2,100 張 1,000 張 15,000 2,000 800 20,000 1,900 600 25,000 1,800 400

a. (5%)當機票價格由 15,000 元上漲為 20,000 元時,這兩類旅客的需求價格

彈性各為何?(利用中點法計算) II-15 弧彈性(中點法):

b. (5%)為何兩類旅客的需求彈性會不同? 經濟學家根據需求彈性區分不同的需求曲線。 當彈性大於 1 時,需求有彈性,因此數量變動的比例大於價格變動的比例。 當彈性小於 1 時,需求無彈性,因此數量變動的比例小於價格變動的比例。 如果彈性正好等於 1,則數量與價格呈同比例變動,此時需求有單位彈性(unit elasticity)。

� 必需品與奢侈品:必需品的需求通常是無彈性的,而奢侈品的需求通常是有彈性的。 機票對商務旅客是必需品,對觀光客是奢侈品。

4. (10%)請以經濟學的角度分析為何產生食安問題。 5. (10%)請以經濟學角度說明以下現象:

a. 連續工作數小時後,即使工作尚未完成,休閒仍是較為有效率的選擇。 b. 農業社會轉型為工業社會時,勞動成本低。

6. (10%)下表為三家廠商的長期總成本資料:

數量 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 廠商 A 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 廠商 B 11 24 39 56 75 96 119 廠商 C 21 34 49 66 85 106 129

1 0

1 0 1 0 1 0D

1 0 1 0 1 0

1 0

(Q -Q )(Q +Q )/2 Q -Q P +PE = =-(P -P ) P -P Q +Q(P +P )/2

⎛ ⎞⎛ ⎞⎜ ⎟⎜ ⎟⎝ ⎠⎝ ⎠

Page 5: 263004_經濟學一期中考.pdf

5/4

請計算各家廠商的平均成本,並說明每家廠商是否有規模經濟或規模

不經濟

產量 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

平均成本 A $60.0 $35.0 $26.7 $22.5 $20.0 $18.3 $17.1

平均成本 B $11.0 $12.0 $13.0 $14.0 $15.0 $16.0 $17.0

平均成本 C $21.0 $17.0 $16.3 $16.5 $17.0 $17.7 $18.4

廠商 A: 規模經濟(長期平均成本隨產量增加而遞減) 廠商 B: 規模不經濟(長期平均成本隨產量增加而遞增) 廠商 C: 開始生產時具有規模經濟,但隨著廠商產量的增加,長期平均成本終會增加,而發生規模不經濟的現象。 7. (15%)倘若政府原對釀酒葡萄的生產實施保證價格政策,但加入 WTO 後農業

產品的補助受到規範,故政府停止此政策,臺灣釀酒葡萄產量銳減,而菸酒

公司改以進口高濃度葡萄汁發酵製酒。請問停止保證價格收購政策對下列面

向之影響為何? a. (7%)消費者對於進口葡萄酒與菸酒公司出產的玉泉葡萄酒之偏好有何改

變? b. (8%)菸酒公司的生產成本可能有何變化?