26-30 august 2013. two cases of heavy rain and intense ... · monday 26 august 2013 12utc ecmwf eps...

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26-30 August 2013. Two cases of heavy rain and intense thunderstorms in the Western Mediterranean A. Genov´ es DPI AEMET, Madrid, Spain email address: [email protected] The implementation of the ECMWF cycle 38r2, on June 2013, mainly consisted on an increase of the number of vertical levels from 91 to 137, in the high-resolution forecast model (HRES) No change in horizontal resolution of HRES was included, although some changes or revisions were finally introduced on the different components in order to maintain its consistency, particularly the EDA, the main assimilation (4DVAR) and the ENS. After the change, some loss of spread was detected at the ENS, especially for short ranges. In spite of the improvement that the new version introduced for the summer convection inland, the loss of spread led to a loss of accuracy for the occurrence of heavy rain in the same or other areas. That increased the unpredictability for some events at short ranges. This presentation illustrates the real time evolution of two consecutive weather systems that affected Iberia and the Balearic Islands during the last week on August 2013. The first one occurred mainly during the night and almost over the sea or coastal areas. The second one consisted on a cut-off that crossed mainland Spain from Galicia to the Southeast going to the Mediterranean south of the islands. Everything occurred at the end of August. The dynamic forcing was not very strong, what made more uncomprehensible the presence of rainfall quantities greater than 40 mm in one hour or 100 mm in 24 hours in the morning or the night. At the end, that was a key point for suspecting about some loss of spread at short ranges. 26-27 August 2013 As a consequence of the large scale low (cut-off) over Western Europe, a western flow is established on the WM at upper levels. The flow is not strong and it re- mains quasi stationary during the 26th. Only speeds greater then 40 m/s are observed south of the Alps (green cont. at the forecast output, the 24th at 12 UTC, H+36, H+39; red contour Analysis, below fig., respec- tively). No strong forcing is observed at upper lev- els over the Med. coast of Spain and the Balearics. An eastern wind (mot shown at the forecast charts) is blowing in the area at mean sea level. That eastern flow is clearer in the MSP Ensemble Mean at the EnDA charts (The standard deviation computed without any filtering somen days after the event). Some spread (Z300) is detected at upper levels in re- lation to the extremes of the jet stream. Those areas of spread could be related to the agesostrophic nonlin- ear flows develoed in those ares, of smaller scale of the main flux. No spread at all is observed at the south flank of the jet, north of the islands, So. it is not triv- ial to relate the convection on the Baearics in relation to the jet. No Z300 spread is appreciated beyond H+39 (24 at 12 UTC run). ECMWF Analysis VT:Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature ECMWF Analysis VT:Tuesday 27 August 2013 00UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature ECMWF Analysis VT:Tuesday 27 August 2013 06UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 1008 1012 1012 1016 1016 1016 1016 1020 1020 1024 1024 1028 1028 ECMWF Analysis VT:Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC Surface: Mean sea level pressure/300hPa V velocity/Surf: Mean sea level pressure H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 1008 1012 1012 1016 1016 1020 1020 1024 1028 ECMWF Analysis VT:Tuesday 27 August 2013 00UTC Surface: Mean sea level pressure/300hPa V velocity/Surf: Mean sea level pressure H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 1008 1012 1012 1012 1012 1012 1016 1016 1016 1020 1020 1024 ECMWF Analysis VT:Tuesday 27 August 2013 06UTC Surface: Mean sea level pressure/300hPa V velocity/Surf: Mean sea level pressure FSince the perspective of sinoptic meteorology, simmilar reasons can be argued for the 24 h later thunderstorm occurred over Palma (Porto P´ ı), port of Palma on the 27. However, there are some differences between the two events. Calvi` a is at the southwest edge of the island, and regularly it is ’surprised by some severe, hazardous weather events. Palma is in the extrem of the harbour. The heavy rain occurred in a commercial port, qitha lot of activity, along the night included. More than 50 % of the population of the island live or work in Palma. 40 mm in 1 hour is probably a record of intensity of heavy rain) 28-30 August 2013 For 00 and 12 UTC runs ECMWF Analysis VT:Wednesday 28 August 2013 18UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature ECMWF Analysis VT:Thursday 29 August 2013 00UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature ECMWF Analysis VT:Thursday 29 August 2013 06UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature ECMWF Analysis VT:Thursday 29 August 2013 06UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/ Mean sea level pressure H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 1008 1012 1016 1016 1016 1020 1020 1024 1024 1024 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 1012 1016 1016 1016 1020 1024 1024 1024 1028 H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 1012 1012 1016 1016 1016 1020 1020 1020 1024 1024 1024

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Page 1: 26-30 August 2013. Two cases of heavy rain and intense ... · Monday 26 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+12 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 00UTC 30 30 30 570 570 576 576

26-30 August 2013. Two cases of heavy rain and intense thunderstorms

in the Western MediterraneanA. Genoves

DPI AEMET, Madrid, Spain

email address: [email protected]

The implementation of the ECMWF cycle 38r2, on June 2013, mainly consisted on an increase of the number of vertical levels from 91 to 137, in the high-resolution forecast model (HRES) No change in horizontal resolution of HRES was included, although some changes or

revisions were finally introduced on the different components in order to maintain its consistency, particularly the EDA, the main assimilation (4DVAR) and the ENS.

After the change, some loss of spread was detected at the ENS, especially for short ranges. In spite of the improvement that the new version introduced for the summer convection inland, the loss of spread led to a loss of accuracy for the occurrence of heavy rain in the same or other

areas. That increased the unpredictability for some events at short ranges.

This presentation illustrates the real time evolution of two consecutive weather systems that affected Iberia and the Balearic Islands during the last week on August 2013. The first one occurred mainly during the night and almost over the sea or coastal areas. The second one consisted

on a cut-off that crossed mainland Spain from Galicia to the Southeast going to the Mediterranean south of the islands.

Everything occurred at the end of August. The dynamic forcing was not very strong, what made more uncomprehensible the presence of rainfall quantities greater than 40 mm in one hour or 100 mm in 24 hours in the morning or the night. At the end, that was a key point for

suspecting about some loss of spread at short ranges.

26-27 August 2013

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30°N

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50°N

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Saturday 24 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF Forecast t+36 VT: Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Saturday 24 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+36 VT: Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC

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570

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-4

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

20°E

20°E 40°E40°E

Saturday 24 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF Forecast t+39 VT: Monday 26 August 2013 03UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Saturday 24 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+39 VT: Monday 26 August 2013 03UTC

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50°N

20°W

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20°E 40°E40°E

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF Forecast t+3 VT: Monday 26 August 2013 03UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+3 VT: Monday 26 August 2013 03UTC

3030

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30

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30

30 570

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-16

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-4

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

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20°E 40°E40°E

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF Forecast t+6 VT: Monday 26 August 2013 06UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+6 VT: Monday 26 August 2013 06UTC

As a consequence of the large scale low (cut-off) over

Western Europe, a western flow is established on the

WM at upper levels. The flow is not strong and it re-

mains quasi stationary during the 26th. Only speeds

greater then 40 m/s are observed south of the Alps

(green cont. at the forecast output, the 24th at 12 UTC,

H+36, H+39; red contour Analysis, below fig., respec-

tively). No strong forcing is observed at upper lev-

els over the Med. coast of Spain and the Balearics.

An eastern wind (mot shown at the forecast charts) is

blowing in the area at mean sea level. That eastern flow

is clearer in the MSP Ensemble Mean at the EnDA

charts (The standard deviation computed without any

filtering somen days after the event).

Some spread (Z300) is detected at upper levels in re-

lation to the extremes of the jet stream. Those areas

of spread could be related to the agesostrophic nonlin-

ear flows develoed in those ares, of smaller scale of

the main flux. No spread at all is observed at the south

flank of the jet, north of the islands, So. it is not triv-

ial to relate the convection on the Baearics in relation

to the jet. No Z300 spread is appreciated beyond H+39

(24 at 12 UTC run).

40

570

570

570

576

576

576

582

582582

582

588588

588

588

588

588 -16

-12-12

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature

40

570

570

570

576

576

576

582

582

582

582

582

588

588

588

-16

-16

-12

-12

-12

-12

-8

-8

-8

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Tuesday 27 August 2013 00UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature

570

570

570

576

576

576

582

582

582

582

582

588

588

588

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-16

-12

-12

-12

-12

-8

-8

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Tuesday 27 August 2013 06UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature

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1008

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1020

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1024

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1028

1028

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC Surface: Mean sea level pressure/300hPa V velocity/Surf: Mean sea level pressure

0.2

0.4

0.5506

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40

47.22

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1008

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1020

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1028

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Tuesday 27 August 2013 00UTC Surface: Mean sea level pressure/300hPa V velocity/Surf: Mean sea level pressure

0.2

0.4

0.5604

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1008

1012

1012

1012

1012

1012

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1016

1016

1020

1020

1024

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Tuesday 27 August 2013 06UTC Surface: Mean sea level pressure/300hPa V velocity/Surf: Mean sea level pressure

0.2

0.4

0.5137

FSince the perspective of sinoptic meteorology, simmilar reasons can be argued for the 24 h later thunderstorm occurred over Palma

(Porto Pı), port of Palma on the 27. However, there are some differences between the two events. Calvia is at the southwest edge of the

island, and regularly it is ’surprised by some severe, hazardous weather events. Palma is in the extrem of the harbour. The heavy rain

occurred in a commercial port, qitha lot of activity, along the night included. More than 50 % of the population of the island live or work

in Palma. 40 mm in 1 hour is probably a record of intensity of heavy rain)

30

30

30

30

30

30

570

570

570

576

576

576

582

582

582

582

582

588

588

588

588

588

-16

-16

-16

-12

-12

-12

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-4

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

20°E

20°E 40°E40°E

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF Forecast t+24 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 00UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+24 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 00UTC

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

570

570

570

576

576

576

576

582

582

582

582

582

588

588

588

588

588

-16

-16

-16

-12

-12

-12

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-4

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

20°E

20°E 40°E40°E

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF Forecast t+27 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 03UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+27 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 03UTC

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

570

570

570

576

576

576

582

582

582

582

582

588

588

588

588

588

-16

-16

-16

-12

-12

-12

-12

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8 -4

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

20°E

20°E 40°E40°E

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF Forecast t+30 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 06UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Monday 26 August 2013 00UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+30 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 06UTC

30

30

570

570

576

576

576

582

582

582

582

582

588

588

588

-16

-16

-12

-12

-12

-12

-12

-8

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

Monday 26 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF Forecast t+12 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 00UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Monday 26 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+12 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 00UTC

30

30

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570

570 576

576

576

582

582

582

582

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-16

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-12

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-12

-12

-8

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

Monday 26 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF Forecast t+15 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 03UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Monday 26 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+15 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 03UTC

30

30

30

570

570

576

576

576

582

582

582

5825

88

-16

-16

-12

-12

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-12

-12

-8

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

Monday 26 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF Forecast t+18 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 06UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature300hPa Geopotential - Ensemble member number 1 of 51

Monday 26 August 2013 12UTC ECMWF EPS Perturbed Forecast t+18 VT: Tuesday 27 August 2013 06UTC

28-30 August 2013

For 00 and 12 UTC runs

570

570

576576

576

582

582

582

582

588

588

588

588

588

588

594

-12

-12

-12

-8

-8

-8

-8

-8

-4

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Wednesday 28 August 2013 18UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature

570

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576576

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582

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582

582

588

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594

-12

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-8

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50°N

20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Thursday 29 August 2013 00UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature

570

576

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582

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582

582

588

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588

588

-16

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-12

-12

-12

-12

-12

-8

-8

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-8

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20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Thursday 29 August 2013 06UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/500hPa Geopotential/ Temperature

1014

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1016

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10161018

1018

1018 1018

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1020

1020

1022

1022

1022

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1024

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1026

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20°W

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0° 20°E

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ECMWF Analysis VT:Thursday 29 August 2013 06UTC 300hPa U velocity/V velocity/ Mean sea level pressure

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ECMWF Analysis VT:Wednesday 28 August 2013 18UTC Surface: Mean sea level pressure/300hPa V velocity/Surf: Mean sea level pressure

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ECMWF Analysis VT:Thursday 29 August 2013 00UTC Surface: Mean sea level pressure/300hPa V velocity/Surf: Mean sea level pressure

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H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

H H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

H

HLL

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

L

1012

10121016

1016

1016

1020

1020

1020

1024

1024

1024

30°N

40°N

50°N

20°W

20°W

0° 20°E

20°E

ECMWF Analysis VT:Thursday 29 August 2013 06UTC Surface: Mean sea level pressure/300hPa V velocity/Surf: Mean sea level pressure

0.2

0.4

0.4785